Xantrex PV100S-208, PV100S-480 Operation And Maintenance Manual

PV100S 100 kW
Grid-Tied
Photovoltaic
Inverter

Operation and Maintenance Manual

PV100S-208
PV100S-480

s

PV100S 100 kW Grid-Tied
Photovoltaic Inverter

Operation and Maintenance Manual

About Xantrex

Xantrex Technology Inc. is a world-leading supplier of advanced power electronics and controls with products from
50 watt mobile units to one MW utility-scale systems for wind, solar, batteries, fuel cells, microturbines, and backup
power applications in both grid-connected and stand-alone systems. Xantrex products include inverters, battery
chargers, programmable power supplies, and variable speed drives that convert, supply, control, clean, and distribute
electrical power.

Trademarks

PV100S 100 kW Grid-Tied Photovoltaic Inverter is a trademark of Xantrex International. Xantrex is a registered
trademark of Xantrex International.

Other trademarks, registered trademarks, and product names are the property of their respective owners and are used
herein for identification purposes only.

Notice of Copyright

PV100S 100 kW Grid-Tied Photovoltaic Inverter Operation and Maintenance Manual© May 2005 Xantrex
International. All rights reserved.

Disclaimer

UNLESS SPECIFICALLY AGREED TO IN WRITING, XANTREX TECHNOLOGY INC. (“XANTREX”)

(a) MAKES NO WARRANTY AS TO THE ACCURACY, SUFFICIENCY OR SUITABILITY OF ANY
TECHNICAL OR OTHER INFORMATION PROVIDED IN ITS MANUALS OR OTHER DOCUMENTATION.

(b) ASSUMES NO RESPONSIBILITY OR LIABILITY FOR LOSS OR DAMAGE, WHETHER DIRECT,
INDIRECT, CONSEQUENTIAL OR INCIDENTAL, WHICH MIGHT ARISE OUT OF THE USE OF SUCH
INFORMATION. THE USE OF ANY SUCH INFORMATION WILL BE ENTIRELY AT THE USER’S RISK.

Date and Revision

May 2005 Revision C

Part Number

152379 Rev C

Contact Information

Telephone: [phone] (toll free North America)

1 360 925 5097 (direct)

Fax: [phone] (direct)

Email: [e-mail]

Web: www.xantrex.com

152379 Rev C iii

About This Manual

Purpose

The purpose of this Operation and Maintenance Manual is to provide explanations
and procedures for operating, maintaining, and troubleshooting the PV100S 100
kW Grid-Tied Photovoltaic Inverter. Installation instructions are available in the
PV100S 100 kW Grid-tied Photovoltaic Inverter Planning and Installation
Manual.

Scope

This Manual provides safety guidelines and information about operating and
troubleshooting the unit.

Audience

This Manual is intended for anyone who needs to operate the PV100S 100 kW
Grid-Tied Photovoltaic Inverter. Operators must be familiar with all the safety
regulations pertaining to operating high-voltage equipment as dictated by local
code. Operators must also have a complete understanding of this equipment’s
features and functions.

Organization

This Manual is organized into five chapters and one appendix.

Chapter 1, “Introduction” contains information about the features and functions of
the PV100S 100 kW Grid-Tied Photovoltaic Inverter.

Chapter 2, “Operation” contains information on the basic operation of the
PV100S 100 kW Grid-Tied Photovoltaic Inverter.

Chapter 3, “Commissioning” contains information on safely commissioning the
PV100S 100 kW Grid-Tied Photovoltaic Inverter.

Chapter 4, “Troubleshooting” contains information and procedures for
troubleshooting the PV100S 100 kW Grid-Tied Photovoltaic Inverter. It provides
descriptions of common situations and errors that may occur and provides
possible solutions for resolving fault conditions. It also provides instructions for
clearing faults manually, if required.

Chapter 5, “Preventative Maintenance” contains information and procedures for
performing preventative maintenance on the PV100S 100 kW Grid-Tied
Photovoltaic Inverter.

Appendix A provides the environmental and electrical specifications for the
PV100S 100 kW Grid-Tied Photovoltaic Inverter.

About This Manual

iv 152379 Rev C

Conventions Used

The following conventions are used in this guide.

This Manual contains information for two models of the PV100S 100 kW Grid­Tied Photovoltaic Inverter. One model is designed to operate with a 208 Vac utility
input, and the other model is designed to operate with a 480 Vac utility input.

• The model PV100S-208 100kW Grid-Tied Photovoltaic Inverter
(208 Vac input) will be referred to as the PV100S-208 when it is being
referenced individually.

• The model PV100S-480 100kW Grid-Tied Photovoltaic Inverter
(480 Vac input) will be referred to as the PV100S-480 when it is being
referenced individually.

• When both models are being referenced together, they will be referred to as the
PV100S.

WARNING

Warnings identify conditions or practices that could result in personal injury or loss of life.

CAUTION

Cautions identify conditions or practices that could result in damage to the unit or other
equipment.

Important:

These notes describe things which are important for you to know, but not as

serious as a caution or warning.

About This Manual

152379 Rev C v

Abbreviations and Acronyms

Related Information

You can find more information about Xantrex Technology Inc. as well as its
products and services at www.xantrex.com.

ANSI American National Standards Institute

CCU2 Converter Control Unit 2

CFM Cubic Feet per Minute

CW Clockwise

DSP Digital Signal Processor

FPGA Field Programmable Gate Array

GUI Graphical User Interface

IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers

IGBT Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor

IPM Intelligent Power Module

kcmil 1000 circular mils

LAN Local Area Network

LCD Liquid Crystal Display

NFPA National Fire Protection Association

PBX Private Branch Exchange

PSL Phase-Shift Loop

POTS Plain Old Telephone Service

PV Photovoltaic

UFCU Universal Frontpanel Control Unit

vi

152379 Rev C vii

Important Safety Instructions

SAVE THESE INSTRUCTIONS - DO NOT DISCARD

This manual contains important safety instructions for the PV100S that must be
followed during installation and maintenance procedures.

WARNING: Shock Hazard

Read and keep this Operation and Maintenance Manual for future reference.
Before installing PV100S (either model), read all instructions, cautionary markings, and
all other appropriate sections of this manual. Failure to adhere to these warnings could
result in severe shock or possible death. Exercise extreme caution at all times to prevent
accidents.

WARNING: Shock Hazard

The PV100S enclosures contain exposed high voltage conductors. The enclosure doors
should remain closed with the latches tightened, except during maintenance or testing.
These servicing instructions are for use by qualified personnel who meet all local and state
code requirements for licensing and training for the installation of Electrical Power
Systems with AC and DC voltage to 600 volts. To reduce the risk of electric shock, do not
perform any servicing other than that specified in the installation instructions unless you
are qualified to do so. Do not open the cabinet doors if extreme moisture is present (rain or
heavy dew).

WARNING: Lethal Voltage

In order to remove all sources of voltage from the PV100S, the incoming power must be
de-energized at the source. This may be done at the main utility circuit breaker and by
opening the AC Disconnect and the DC Disconnect Switches on the PV100S. Review the
system configuration to determine all of the possible sources of energy. In addition, allow
5 minutes for the DC bus capacitors, located on the ceiling of the cabinet, to discharge
after removing power.

Safety

viii 152379 Rev C

General Safety Precautions

1. When installing the PV100S use only components recommended or sold by
Xantrex. Doing otherwise may result in a risk of fire, electric shock, injury to
persons, and will void the warranty.

2. Do not attempt to operate the PV100S if it has been dropped, or received more
than cosmetic damage during transport or shipping. If the PV100S is
damaged, or suspected to be damaged, see the Warranty section of this
manual.

3. To reduce the risk of electrical shock, lock-out and tag the PV100S before
attempting any maintenance, service, or cleaning.

Personal Safety

Follow these instructions to ensure your safety while working with the PV100S.

Safety Equipment

Authorized service personnel must be equipped with standard safety equipment
including the following:

• Safety glasses

• Ear protection

• Steel-toed safety boots

• Safety hard hats

• Padlocks and tags

• Appropriate meter to verify that the circuits are de-energized
(600 Vac and DC rated, minimum)

Check local safety regulations for other requirements.

Wiring Requirements

1. All wiring methods and materials shall be in accordance with the National
Electrical Code ANSI/NFPA 70. When sizing conductors and conduits
interfacing to the PV100S, both shall be in accordance with the National
Electric Code ANSI/NFPA 70, as well as all state and local code
requirements.

2. Use copper conductors only with insulation rated for 90 °C.

3. The PV100S has a three-phase output. It is marked with this symbol:

4. The AC power conductor wiring interfacing with the AC terminals in the
Transformer Enclosure are located at T6-X1, T6-X2, and T6-X3. These
terminals should be tightened to a torque value of 420 in-lbs (47.5 Nm) for
model PV100S-208 and model PV100S-480. Conductors terminated to these
terminals must use a crimp-on type ring terminal or compression-type lug.

Safety

152379 Rev C ix

The terminals are one bolt per pole. See the PV100S 100 kW Grid-tied
Photovoltaic Inverter Planning and Installation Manual for the location of
these terminals.

5. The AC power conductor wiring interfacing with the AC terminals in the
Main Inverter Enclosure are located at TB4-A, TB4-B, and TB4- C. These
terminals are to be tightened to a torque value of 275 in-lbs (31.1 Nm) for
model PV100S-208 and model PV100S-480. The terminals will accept a
conductor size of 350 kcmil. See Figure 5-1 on page 5–4 for the location of

these terminals.

6. The AC power conductor wiring interfacing with the AC terminals in the
AC Interface Enclosure are located at S1-2T1, S1-4T2, and S1-6T3. These
terminals should be tightened to a torque value of 310 in-lbs (35.0 Nm) for
model PV100S-208 and to a torque value of 115 in-lbs (13.0 Nm) for model
PV100S-480. See Figure 5-2 on page 5–4 for the location of these terminals.

Also see the cautionary note in the PV100S 100 kW Grid-tied Photovoltaic
Inverter Planning and Installation Manual regarding hardware length.

7. The AC neutral conductor from the utility is terminated in the AC Interface
Enclosure at the TB6-Neutral terminal. This terminal requires the use of a
crimp-on type ring terminal or compression-type lug and should be tightened
to a torque value of 228 in-lbs (25.7 Nm) for model PV100S-208 and model
PV100S-480. See Figure 5-2 on page 5–4 for the location of these terminals.

8. The DC power conductor wiring interfacing with the DC terminals at TB3-1,
TB3-2, and TB3-3 are to be tightened to a torque value of 500 in-lbs
(56.5 Nm) for model PV100S-208 and model PV100S-480. These terminals
will accept a conductor size of 500 kcmil. Keep these cables together as much
as possible and ensure that all cables pass through the same knockout and
conduit fittings, thus allowing any inductive currents to cancel. See Figure 5-3

on page 5–5 for the location of these terminals.

9. This product is intended to be installed as part of a permanently grounded
electrical system per the National Electric Code ANSI/NFPA 70. A copper
ground rod must be installed within three feet of the PV100S enclosure. This
is the single point earth ground for the inverter system. The single point
ground for the system is to be made at the AC ground bus bar (TB2) in the AC
Interface Enclosure. This terminal requires the use of a crimp on type ring
terminal or compression-type lug and should be tightened to a torque value of
420 in-lbs (47.5 Nm) for model PV100S-208 and model PV100S-480.

10. The equipment grounds on the PV100S are marked with this symbol:

11. AC overcurrent protection for the utility interconnect (Grid-tie) must be
provided by the installers as part of the PV100S installation.

CAUTION: Fire Hazard

In accordance with the National Electrical Code, ANSI/NFPA 70, connect only to a circuit
provided with 400 amperes maximum branch circuit overcurrent protection for model
PV100S-208 and only to a circuit provided with 200 amperes maximum branch circuit
overcurrent protection for model PV100S-480.

Safety

x 152379 Rev C

Operational Safety Procedures

Never work alone when servicing this equipment. A team of two is required until
the equipment is properly de-energized, locked-out and tagged, and verified de­energized with a meter.

Thoroughly inspect the equipment prior to energizing. Verify that no tools or
equipment have inadvertently been left behind.

Lockout and Tag

Safety requirements mandate that this equipment not be serviced while energized.
Power sources for the PV100S must be locked-out and tagged prior to servicing.
Each energy source should have a padlock and tag installed on each energy source
prior to servicing.

The PV100S can be energized from both the AC source and the DC source. To
ensure that the inverter is de-energized prior to servicing, lockout and tag the
PV100S using the following procedure.

1. Open, lockout, and tag the incoming power at the utility main circuit breaker.

2. Open, lockout, and tag the AC Disconnect Switch (S1) on AC interface
assembly. See Figure 1-8 on page 1–12 for the location of the AC Disconnect
Switch.

3. Open, lockout, and tag the DC Disconnect Switch (S2) on DC interface
assembly. See Figure 1-8 on page 1–12 for the location of the DC Disconnect
Switch.

4. Using a confirmed, accurate meter, verify all power to the inverter is de­energized. A confirmed, accurate meter must be verified on a known voltage
before use. Ensure that all incoming energy sources are de-energized by
checking the following locations.

a) Inverter Terminals: TB4-A, TB4-B, TB4-C (Phase A, B, C)

See Figure 5-1 on page 5–4.

b) Utility Terminals: Top of S1-2T1, S1-4T2, S1-6T3

See Figure 5-2 on page 5–4.

c) PV Terminals: Bottom of TB3-1, TB3-2, TB3-3 (PV+, PV-, GND)

See Figure 5-3 on page 5–5.

WARNING: Shock Hazard

Review the system schematic for the installation to verify that all available energy sources
are de-energized. DC bus voltage may also be present. Be sure to wait the full 5 minutes to
allow the capacitors to discharge completely.

Safety

152379 Rev C xi

De-Energize/Isolation Procedure

The following procedure should be followed to de-energize the PV100S for
maintenance.

To isolate the PV100S:

1. Turn the O

N/OFF switch to the OFF position.

2. Open the DC Interface Disconnect Switch.

3. Open the AC Interface Disconnect Switch.

4. Open the utility connection circuit breaker.

5. Install lockout devices on the utility connection circuit breaker and DC
Disconnect Switch.

Interconnection Standards Compliance

The PV100S has been tested and listed by Underwriters Laboratories to be in
compliance with UL 1741 Static Inverters And Charge Controllers For Use In

Photovoltaic Power Systems, as well as IEEE-929-2000 Recommended Practice
For Utility Interface of Photovoltaic (PV) Systems.

IEEE-929-2000 provides guidance regarding equipment and functions necessary
to ensure compatible operation of photovoltaic systems which are connected in
parallel with the electric utility.

UL1741 is the standard applied by Underwriters Laboratory to the PV100S to
verify it meets the recommendations of IEEE-929-2000.

Refer to both documents for details of these recommendations and test
procedures.

WARNING

The terminals of the DC input may be energized if the PV arrays are energized. In
addition, allow 5 minutes for all capacitors within the main enclosure to discharge after
disconnecting the PV100S from AC and DC sources.

xii

152379 Rev C xiii

Important Safety Instructions

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -vii

1

Introduction

Operation Features- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1–2

Fixed Unity Power Factor Operation - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1–2
Peak Power Tracking - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1–3
Utility Voltage/Frequency Fault Automatic Reset - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1–4

Safety Features - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1–5

Anti-Island Protection - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1–5
PV Ground Fault Detection - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1–5
DC Over-voltage Detection - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1–5

Physical Characteristics - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1–6

Main Inverter Enclosure - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1–7

Power Distribution Panel - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1–7
Converter Control Unit (CCU2) - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1–7

Power Electronics Matrix - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1–7
Inductor Enclosure - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1–7
DC Interface Enclosure - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1–8
Transformer Enclosure - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1–8
AC Interface Enclosure - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1–8
Communications Enclosure - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1–9

Operator Interface Controls- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1–10

Main Enclosure Door Interlock Switch - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1–10
On/Off Switch - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1–11
AC and DC Disconnect Switches - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1–12

Communication Features - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1–12

System Status and Fault Reporting - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1–13
Data Logging - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1–13

Communication Methods - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1–14

Universal Front Panel Control Unit (UFCU) - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1–14
PC Connection Methods - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1–15

POTS Access - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1–16

Wireless Access - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1–16

Ethernet LAN Access - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1–17

Direct Access - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1–17
GUI Software Features - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1–18

Contents

Contents

xiv 152379 Rev C

2

Operation

Description of System Operation- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2–2

Overview - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2–2
Faults - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2–2

Operating States - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2–4

Power Tracking - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2–4
Transition - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2–4
Shutdown - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2–5
Fault - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2–5
Manual Current - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2–5
Matrix Test - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2–5
Automatic Sleep Test - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2–5

Operator Interface- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2–6

UFCU Keypad Operation and LCD Display - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2–6
LCD Display - Initialization Screen - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2–7
Standard Display - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2–7
Menu Structure - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2–8

Read Menu - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2–9

Write Menu - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -2–15
Commanding Goal State Changes - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -2–20
Setting the Date and Time - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -2–21
Manual State Transitions - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -2–22
Automatic State Transitions - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -2–22

Auto-restart Feature - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -2–23
Energize Procedure (Startup) - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -2–24
Computer Communications with the PV100S - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -2–25

Installing the Graphic User Interface (GUI) Software - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -2–26

Minimum System Requirements - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -2–26

Starting the Software Setup Program - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -2–26

Starting the Setup Program Using Autorun - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -2–26

Starting Setup Manually - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -2–26

Starting Setup From a Command Prompt - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -2–27
Model Specific Software Installation - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -2–28
Running the GUI - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -2–31

Remote/LAN Connection - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -2–31

Direct Connection - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -2–32

GUI Configuration - Adding Inverters - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -2–33
GUI Help - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -2–37

Contents

152379 Rev C xv

3

Commissioning

Commissioning Procedure - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3–2
Starting the Commissioning Test File - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3–2

Serial Number - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3–3
Verify AC Voltage - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3–3
Verify DC Voltage - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3–3
Inspect Inductor Enclosure - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3–4
Apply Grid Voltage - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3–4
Front Panel Display - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3–4
Establish Communications with the GUI - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3–5
Confirm AC Operational Parameters - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3–5
Confirm DC Operational Parameters - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3–6
Confirm Power Tracker Configuration Operational Parameters - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3–6
Verify Door Interlock Functions - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3–6
Matrix Test - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3–6
Operate Inverter - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3–7
Completed Commissioning - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3–7

4

Troubleshooting

Faults and Fault Codes - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 4–2
General Troubleshooting - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 4–2
Clearing Faults Manually - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 4–3
Fault Code Descriptions - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 4–4

5

Preventative Maintenance

Maintenance Safety - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 5–2

Operational Safety Procedures - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 5–2

De-Energize/Isolation Procedure - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 5–2
Lockout and Tag - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 5–3

Periodic Maintenance- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 5–6

Monthly Intervals or As Required - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 5–6

Aluminum Extrusion Heatsink - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 5–6
Fan Operation - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 5–6
Internal Circulation Fan - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 5–6
Inductor Enclosure Cooling Fan - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 5–6

Six-month Intervals - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 5–7

Enclosure Seals - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 5–7
Electrical Connections - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 5–7
Inductor Enclosure - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 5–7

Contents

xvi 152379 Rev C

A

Specifications

System Specifications - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A–2

Environmental Specifications - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A–2
Electrical Specifications - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A–3
Over Voltage, Under Voltage and Frequency Ranges - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A–3
Wire Gauge and Torque Requirements - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A–4

Warranty and Product Information

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - WA–1

Index

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - IX–1

152379 Rev C xvii

Figure 1-1 Maximum Peak Power Tracking - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1–4
Figure 1-2 PV100S Major Components - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1–6
Figure 1-3 DC Interface Enclosure - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1–8
Figure 1-4 AC Interface Enclosure and Transformer Enclosure - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1–9
Figure 1-5 PC Connections in the Communications Enclosure- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1–9
Figure 1-6 PV100S Operator Interface Components- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1–10
Figure 1-7 On/Off Switch - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1–11
Figure 1-8 AC and DC Disconnect Switches- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1–12
Figure 1-9 LCD Display and UFCU Location - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1–14
Figure 1-10 PC Connections in the Communications Enclosure- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1–15
Figure 1-11 POTS Access - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1–16
Figure 1-12 Wireless Access - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1–16
Figure 1-13 Ethernet LAN Access - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1–17
Figure 1-14 Direct Access - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1–17
Figure 2-1 Operating States Flow Chart - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2–3
Figure 2-2 The Universal Front Panel Control Unit (UFCU) and LCD - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2–6
Figure 2-3 Initialization Screens - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2–7
Figure 2-4 Operator Interface Menu Diagram - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2–8
Figure 2-5 Scrolling through the Read Menu - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2–10
Figure 2-6 Read-by-ID Feature- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2–13
Figure 2-7 State Transition Diagram - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2–20
Figure 2-8 LCD showing Fault Code - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2–23
Figure 2-9 GUI Interface Main Menu Screen - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2–25
Figure 2-10 Starting Setup from a Command Prompt - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2–27
Figure 2-11 GUI Splash Screen - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2–28
Figure 2-12 GUI Setup Welcome Window - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2–28
Figure 2-13 GUI Setup Start Window - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2–29
Figure 2-14 GUI Setup Program Group Window- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2–29
Figure 2-15 GUI Setup Progress Indicator Window - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2–30
Figure 2-16 GUI Setup Start Window - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2–30
Figure 2-17 GUI Interface Screen if Connected Remotely - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2–31
Figure 2-18 GUI Interface Screen if Connected Directly - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2–32
Figure 2-19 Detail Screen - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2–33
Figure 2-20 Contact Screen - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2–33
Figure 2-21 Operational Configuration Screen - Limits - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2–34
Figure 2-22 Operational Configuration Screen - PV- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2–34
Figure 2-23 Operational Configuration Screen - Power Tracker- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2–35

Figures

Figures

xviii 152379 Rev C

Figure 2-24 Connection Configuration Screen - General - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -2–35
Figure 2-25 Connection Configuration Screen - Telephone Fault Configuration - - - - - - - - - - - - - -2–36
Figure 2-26 Connection Configuration Screen - General - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -2–36
Figure 2-27 GUI Help Topics - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -2–37
Figure 4-1 LCD showing Fault Code - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 4–3
Figure 5-1 Inverter AC Terminal Locations in the Main Inverter Enclosure - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 5–4
Figure 5-2 Utility AC Terminal Connections in the AC Interface Enclosure - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 5–4
Figure 5-3 PV Terminal Locations - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 5–5
Figure A-1 Electrical Diagram (sample)- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A–5
Figure A-2 PV100S-480 Schematic for Main Power Distribution (152316 E1) - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A–6
Figure A-3 PV100S-480 Schematic for Control Power Distribution (152316 E2) - - - - - - - - - - - - - A–7
Figure A-4 PV100S-480 Schematic for Converter Control Unit (152316 E3)- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A–8
Figure A-5 PV100S-208 Schematic Main Power Distribution (152376 C1) - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A–9
Figure A-6 PV100S-208 Schematic for Control Power Distribution (152376 C2) - - - - - - - - - - - - A–10
Figure A-7 PV100S-208 Schematic for Converter Control Unit (152376 C3)- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A–11

152379 Rev C xix

Table 2-1 Scrolling through the Read Menu Parameters - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2–9
Table 2-2 Read Menu Descriptions - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2–11
Table 2-3 Data Logging Menu- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2–14
Table 2-4 Accumulated Values Menu- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2–14
Table 2-5 Write Menu Parameters - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2–16
Table 4-1 Fault Codes - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 4–4
Table A-1 Environmental Specifications - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -A–2
Table A-2 Electrical Specifications for the PV100S 100 kW Grid-Tied Photovoltaic Inverter - - - -A–3
Table A-3 Over/Under Voltage and Over/Under Frequency Ranges - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -A–3
Table A-4 AC Terminal Wire Gauge, Bolt Size, and Torque Values - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -A–4
Table A-5 DC Terminal Wire Gauge, Bolt Size, and Torque Values - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -A–4

Tables

xx

1

Introduction

Chapter 1, “Introduction” contains information about the features and
functions of the PV100S 100 kW Grid-Tied Photovoltaic Inverter.

Introduction

1–2 152379 Rev C

Operation Features

The PV100S 100 kW Grid-Tied Photovoltaic Inverter is a UL 1741 listed, utility
interactive, three-phase power conversion system for grid-connected photovoltaic
arrays with a power rating of 100 kW. Designed to be easy to install and operate,
the PV100S automates start-up, shutdown, and fault detection scenarios. With
user-definable power tracking that matches the inverter to the array and adjustable
delay periods, users are able to customize startup and shutdown sequences.
Multiple PV100S inverters are easily paralleled for larger power installations.

The PV100S power conversion system consists of a pulse-width modulated
(PWM) inverter, switch gear for isolation and protection of the connected AC and
DC power sources, and a custom Wye/Wye isolation transformer. Housed in a
rugged NEMA-3R rated, powder-coated steel enclosure, the PV100S incorporates
sophisticated Intellimod



(IPM) Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistors (IGBT’s) as
the main power switching devices. An advanced, field-proven, Maximum Peak
Power Tracker (MPPT) integrated within the PV100S control firmware ensures
the optimum power throughput for harvesting energy from the photovoltaic array.

The advanced design of the PV100S includes an EMI output filter and the main
AC contactor located electrically on the utility side of the isolation transformer.
The location of the main AC contactor, and the ability to de-energize the isolation
transformer during times of non-operation, greatly reduces the night-time tare
losses consumed by an idle isolation transformer. An integrated soft-start circuit
precludes nuisance utility-tie circuit breaker trips as the result of isolation
transformer inrush current.

Additionally, the PV100S integrated controller contains self-protection features
including over and under voltage and frequency safeguards. An integral
anti-island protection scheme prevents the inverter from feeding power to the grid
in the event of a utility outage.

The PV100S includes a local user interface comprised of an O

N/OFF switch,

keypad, and 4-line, 80 character LCD display. A user-friendly Graphic User
Interface (GUI) provides a remote interface for operator interrogation of PV100S
system status, control, metering/data logging and protective functions within the
PV100S. The status, control, and logging features are also supported by the data
modem (included) and can be accessed remotely.

Fixed Unity Power Factor Operation

The Xantrex PV Series of grid-tied inverters maintains unity power factor during
operation. The control software constantly senses utility voltage, and constructs
the output current waveform to match the utility voltage. The PV line of inverters
is not capable of operation without the presence of normal utility voltage, nor is it
capable of varying the output power factor off unity.

Operation Features

152379 Rev C 1–3

Peak Power Tracking

An advanced, field-proven, Maximum Peak Power Tracker (MPPT) algorithm
integrated within the PV100S control software ensures the optimum power
throughput for harvesting energy from the photovoltaic array. The peak power
voltage point of a PV array can vary, primarily depending upon solar irradiance
and surface temperature of the PV panels. This peak power voltage point is
somewhat volatile, and can easily move along the I-V curve of the PV array every
few seconds. The MPPT algorithm allows the PV100S to constantly seek the
optimum voltage and current operating points of the PV array, and maintain the
maximum peak PV output power.

Accessible via the UFCU, there are five user settable parameters that control the
behavior of the maximum peak power tracker within the PV100S. As show in
Figure 1-1 on page 1–4, user settable parameters include:

• PPT V Ref (ID# 37),

• I PPT Max (ID#42),

• PPT Enable (ID# 44),

• PPT Rate (ID# 45), and

• PPT V Step (ID# 46).

Upon entering the Power Tracking mode, it takes approximately 20 seconds for
the PV100S to ramp the PV voltage to the “PPT V Ref” set point regardless of the
actual PV voltage.

With the “PPT Enable” set to “0” (power tracker disabled), the PV100S will
regulate the DC Bus at the “PPT V Ref” set point. Regulating the DC bus means
drawing more or less current out of the PV array to maintain this desired voltage.

With the “PPT Enable” set to “1” (power tracker enabled), followed by the
expiration of the “PPT Rate” (MPPT decision frequency), the MPPT will reduce
the reference voltage by an amount equal to the “PPT V Step” value.

At this point the MPPT will compare the amount of AC output power produced to
the previous amount of AC power produced by the PV100S. If the output power
has increased, the next change made (after “PPT Rate” has again expired) to the
reference voltage, will be in the same direction.

Conversely, if the power comparison proves undesirable, the power tracker will
reverse the direction of the change to the “PPT_V Step”. The MPPT algorithm
within the PV100S will then continue this ongoing process of “stepping and
comparing” in order to seek the maximum power throughput from the PV array.

The changes made by the MPPT to the reference voltage are restricted to ± 20% of
“PPT V Ref” and by the maximum and minimum PV input voltage (600 and
300 volts respectively). Also, the MPPT will not attempt to produce power greater
than that allowed by the “I PPT Max” set point. If available PV power is above the
maximum allowable power level of the PV100S, the MPPT will increase voltage
as needed to maintain output power below rated maximum.

Introduction

1–4 152379 Rev C

Optimization of the PV100S MPPT will result in an increase in energy production.
The user is encouraged to study the PV array’s I-V curves and to adjust the MPPT
user settable parameters accordingly.

Utility Voltage/Frequency Fault Automatic Reset

In the event of a utility voltage or frequency excursion outside of preset limits, the
PV100S will stop operation and display a fault at the operator interface. Once the
utility voltage has stabilized within acceptable limits for a period of at least
5 minutes, the PV100S will automatically clear the fault and resume normal
operation. Voltage and frequency fault setpoints are detailed later in this section.

Figure 1-1

Maximum Peak Power Tracking

Safety Features

152379 Rev C 1–5

Safety Features

Anti-Island Protection

A condition referred to as "Islanding" occurs when a distributed generation source
(such as the PV100S Grid-tied Photovoltaic Inverter) continues to energize a
portion of the utility grid after the utility experiences an interruption in service.
This type of condition may compromise personnel safety, restoration of service,
and equipment reliability.

The PV100S employs a method for detecting the islanding condition using a
Phase-Shift-Loop (PSL). This method is implemented in the CCU2 to prevent
islanding of the PV100S. The CCU2 continuously makes minor adjustments to
the power factor phase angle above and below unity. In the event of a utility
interruption or outage, these adjustments destabilize the feedback between the
inverter and the remaining load, resulting in an over/under frequency or voltage
condition.

Upon detection of such a condition, the PV100S then performs an immediate
orderly shutdown and opens both the main AC and DC contactors. The fault
condition will remain latched until the utility voltage and frequency have returned
to normal for at least 5 minutes.

This method has been extensively tested and proven to exceed the requirements of
IEEE-929 (Recommended Practices for Utility Interface of Photovoltaic [PV]
Systems) and UL-1741 (Static Inverters and Converters for use in Independent
Power Systems).

PV Ground Fault Detection

The PV100S is equipped with a ground fault detection circuit by means of a
Hall-effect current transducer (CT3). This circuit is active when the PV array is
properly grounded. In the event of a ground fault exceeding 10 amps DC, the
PV100S will execute an immediate orderly shutdown, open both the main AC and
DC contactors, and report a ground fault on the LCD of the UFCU. The PV100S
will remain faulted until the ground fault is remedied and the advisory is cleared at
the operator interface.

For additional information, see Chapter 4, “Troubleshooting”.

DC Over-voltage Detection

In the event of DC voltage greater than 600 Vdc, the PV100S will execute an
orderly shutdown and will report a fault to the operator interface. If DC voltage
remains greater than 600 Vdc, the PV100S may be irreparably damaged.

See Chapter 4, “Troubleshooting” for further information on this fault condition.

Introduction

1–6 152379 Rev C

Physical Characteristics

The PV100S comes in two modules comprised of six enclosures to house the
electronics described above. The first module includes the Main Inverter
Enclosure, Inductor Enclosure, DC Interface Enclosure, and Communications
Enclosure. The second module includes the Transformer Enclosure and AC
Interface Enclosure.

These components are identified in Figure 1-2.

Figure 1-2

PV100S Major Components

WARNING:

This is a class A product.

In a domestic environment this

product may cause radio
interferences, in which case, the user
may be required to take adequat e measures.

0

I

^

F2654

32

.

-10

F3MENU

F4ENTER

987 F1

^

DISCONNECT

PV

U
L

®

TYPE 3R

61CN

LISTED UTILITY IN TERACTIVE PHASE INVERTER

Mfg - Arl

Max. system DC
Voltage 6 00V

Max. operating
current 319A

Range of oper.
Volts. 330-480V

Max. array abort
circuit current

480A

Nominal output
voltage 208V

Maximum utilit y
feedback current

178A

Max. input
current 3A

Oper. Volt. Range
183-229 L-L

Oper. Freq. range

59.3 - 60.5

Normal output frequency

60 Hz

Max. output
overcurrent

protection

400A
Maximum output
fault current

323 A

DC

DC

DC

DC

DC

DC

DC

AC

AC

AC

AC

AC

AC

AC

Max. continuous
output current

278A

Max continuous
output power

100 kVA

Maximum operating ambient 50 °C
MODEL NUMBER:

PV100S-208

SERIAL NUMBER:

XXXX

L-152462 Rev A

MANUFACTURED

04
05
06
07

JAN
FEB
APR
MAR

MAY
JUN
JUL
AUG

SEP
OCT
NOV
DEC

THIS UNIT EMPLOYS FIELD AD J U STABLE VOL T AGE AND
FREQUENC Y SETPOINT S AND TIME DELAYS. THEY ARE
FACTORY SET IN COMPLIANCE WITH UL1741 AND MAY
ONLY BE CHANGED BY TRAINED SERVICE TECHNICIANS

WITH APPR OVAL BY BOTH TH E LOCAL UTILITY AND

EQUIPMEN T OWNER.

REFER TO T H E OPERATOR’S
MANUAL FOR FURTHER DETAI L.

WARNING

RISK OF ELECTRICAL SHOCK
DO NOT REMOVE COVER,
NO USER SERVICEABLE

PARTS INSIDE,
STORED ENERGY IN CAPACITOR.
ALLOW AT LEAST 5 MINUTES
AFTER DISCONNECTING ALL
SOURCES OF SUPPLY.

REFER SERVICING TO QUALIFIED SERVICE

PERSONNEL.

BOTH AC AND DC VOLTRAGE SOURCES ARE

TERMINAED
INSIDE THIS EQUIPMENT.
EACH CIRCUIT MUST BE
INDIVIDUAL DISCONNECTED
BEFORE SERVICING.

WHEN THE PHOTOVOLTAIC ARRAY

IS EXPOSED TO LIGHT,
IT SUPPLIES A DC VOLTAGE
TO THIS EQUIPMENT.

Main Inverter

Enclosure

DC Interface

Enclosure

Inductor

Enclosure

Transformer

Enclosure

AC Interface

Enclosure

Power Electronics Matrix

Communications

Enclosure

Physical Characteristics

152379 Rev C 1–7

Main Inverter Enclosure

The PV100S Main Inverter Enclosure is NEMA-3R rated and contains the power
distribution panel, the converter control unit (CCU2), and power electronics
matrix. Also found within the Main Inverter Enclosure are some of the system
protection devices (such as the sense and control power fuses).

Power Distribution Panel

This panel contains many of the Electromechanical, protective, and control power
components necessary to support the operation of the PV100S.

Converter Control Unit (CCU2)

The CCU2 is a Digital Signal Processor (DSP) based control board that performs
numerous control and diagnostic functions associated with PV100S operation. Its
most significant tasks are control of PV100S electromechanical components and
power electronics converters, signal conditioning for high voltage signal inputs
and communication with the Universal Front Panel Control Unit, and system
sensors. The CCU2 also contains the necessary DC power supplies to support its
operation.

Power Electronics Matrix

The power electronics converter is located at the top of the PV100S main inverter
enclosure. The matrix is comprised of six switching transistors (IGBT’s),
transistor gate drive electronics, a laminated power bus, DC capacitor bank, and
an aluminum extrusion heatsink with a cooling fan. The fan is located above the
matrix heatsink.

The PV array is tied logically to the matrix DC bus within the DC interface
enclosure. The embedded CCU2 control unit manages the transfer of power
between the DC bus and the utility grid.

Inductor Enclosure

The Inductor Enclosure is NEMA-3R rated. It contains the necessary filter
components to ensure the PV100S line current meets IEEE-519 (1992, standard
Practices and REquirements for Harmonic Control in Electrical Power Systems)
and UL 1741 (2001, Static Inverters and Converters for use in Independent Power
Systems) harmonic distortion requirements. Mounted on the right side of the
lower enclosure is an inductor fan to allow cooling of the line filter components
within. This enclosure also serves as the mounting base for the PV100S main
enclosure.

Introduction

1–8 152379 Rev C

DC Interface Enclosure

The DC Interface Enclosure is NEMA-3R rated. The DC interface serves as the
connection interface between the PV array and the PV100S. This enclosure is
where the DC Disconnect Switch and DC contactor reside.

Transformer Enclosure

The Transformer Enclosure is NEMA-3R rated. The main isolation transformer
inside electrically isolates the PV100S from the utility power. Voltage-sensing
circuit wiring and soft-start circuit pass through the Transformer Enclosure from
the AC Interface Enclosure to the Main Inverter Enclosure.

AC Interface Enclosure

The AC Interface Enclosure is NEMA-3R rated. The AC interface serves as the
connection between the utility and the isolation transformer. This enclosure is
where the AC line fuses and AC disconnect switch reside. Also included in the
AC Interface Enclosure are the main AC contactor and transformer soft-start
circuit.

CAUTION: Equipment Damage

The fuses within the PV100S are intended for protecting the PV100S control circuitry
only. They are not intended to provide protection for the PV array or external cabling.

Figure 1-3

DC Interface Enclosure

DC Interface Enclosure

DC Disconnect Switch