WD Scorpio ML160M, WD3200BEVE, WD2500BEVE, WD1600BEVE, WD1200BEVE Technical Reference Manual

WD Scorpio®ML160M

EIDE Hard Drives

Technical Reference Manual

WD3200BEVE

WD2500BEVE

WD1600BEVE

WD1200BEVE

WD800BEVE

WD CONFIDENTIAL

© 2009 Western Digital Technologies, Inc.

All Rights Reserved

Information furnished by WD is believed to be accurate and reliable. No license is granted by implication or
otherwise under any patent or patent rights of WD. WD reserves the right to change specifications at any
time without notice.

Western Digital, WD, the WD logo, and WD Scorpio are registered trademarks in the U.S. and other
countries; and Data Lifeguard, CacheFlow, and FIT Lab are trademarks of Western Digital Technologies, Inc.
Other marks may be mentioned herein that belong to other companies.

Western Digital
20511 Lake Forest Drive
Lake Forest, California 92630
U.S.A.

2679-701205-A00

Document Control Number Definition:

2679-001xxx- 0xx-Px NRD

Doc Control No. Doc Revision Level

(WD Caviar Drives)
Oxx = Released Version
Px = Review Cycle

Non-Released
Document

WD CONFIDENTIAL

WD Scorpio ML160M

WD800BEVE
WD1200BEVE
WD1600BEVE
WD2500BEVE
WD3200BEVE

Technical Reference Manual

2679-701205-A00 RELEASED 1/16/09 (WD CONFIDENTIAL)

RELEASED 1/16/09 (WD CONFIDENTIAL) 2679-701205-A00

WD Scorpio ML160M Table of Contents

TABLE OF CONTENTS

1. DESCRIPTION AND FEATURES ................................................................................................. 1

1.1 General Description....................................................................................................................................................................... 1

1.2 Product Features ............................................................................................................................................................................ 1

2. SPECIFICATIONS....................................................................................................................... 3

2.1 Performance Specifications ......................................................................................................................................................... 3

2.2 Physical Specifications.................................................................................................................................................................. 4

2.2.1 Physical Dimensions ...................................................................................................................................................... 5

2.3 Mechanical Specifications............................................................................................................................................................ 6

2.4 Electrical Specifications................................................................................................................................................................ 7

2.4.1 Current Requirements and Power Dissipation ........................................................................................................ 7

2.4.2 Input Voltage Requirements......................................................................................................................................... 8

2.4.3 Ripple................................................................................................................................................................................. 8

2.5 Environmental Specifications....................................................................................................................................................... 8

2.5.1 Shock and Vibration ....................................................................................................................................................... 8

2.5.2 Temperature and Humidity ........................................................................................................................................... 9

2.5.3 Thermocouple Location................................................................................................................................................. 9

2.5.4 Cooling............................................................................................................................................................................ 10

2.5.5 Atmospheric Pressure .................................................................................................................................................10

2.5.6 Acoustics ........................................................................................................................................................................10

2.5.7 RoHS (Restriction of Hazardous Substances) ......................................................................................................10

2.6 Reliability Specifications .............................................................................................................................................................10

2.7 Device Plug Connector Pin Definitions ...................................................................................................................................11

2.8 Agency Approvals.........................................................................................................................................................................12

2.9 Full Model Number Specification.............................................................................................................................................. 12

3. PRODUCT FEATURES.............................................................................................................. 13

3.1 Perpendicular Magnetic Recording (PMR).............................................................................................................................14

3.2 Reduced Power Spinup (RPS) ................................................................................................................................................. 15

3.3 System-on-Chip (SOC)..............................................................................................................................................................15

3.4 S.M.A.R.T. Command Transport (SCT)...................................................................................................................................16

3.4.1 Write Same ....................................................................................................................................................................16

3.4.2 Read/Write Long ..........................................................................................................................................................16

3.4.3 Temperature Reporting................................................................................................................................................16

3.5 Reliability Features Set................................................................................................................................................................17

3.5.1 Data Lifeguard™ ............................................................................................................................................................17

3.5.2 Thermal Management ..................................................................................................................................................17

3.5.3 Internal Environmental Protection System ..............................................................................................................18

3.5.4 Recoverable Errors.......................................................................................................................................................18

3.5.5 Unrecoverable Errors ...................................................................................................................................................18

3.5.6 Self Test .......................................................................................................................................................................... 18

3.5.7 ATA Error Logging........................................................................................................................................................18

3.5.8 Defect Management.....................................................................................................................................................18

3.5.9 Automatic Defect Retirement.....................................................................................................................................19

3.5.10 Error Recovery Process...............................................................................................................................................19

3.6 Hot Plug Support..........................................................................................................................................................................20

3.6.1 Hot Plug Technical Issues .......................................................................................................................................... 20

3.7 Active LED Status ........................................................................................................................................................................22

3.8 Fluid Dynamic Bearings (FDB)..................................................................................................................................................23

3.9 CacheFlow™ ..................................................................................................................................................................................23

3.9.1 Write Cache...................................................................................................................................................................24

3.9.2 Read Cache ...................................................................................................................................................................24

3.9.3 48-bit Logical Block Addressing (LBA) ..................................................................................................................24

3.10 Power Management .....................................................................................................................................................................24

3.11 Self-Monitoring, Analysis, and Reporting Technology (S.M.A.R.T.)..................................................................................24

3.12 Security Mode ...............................................................................................................................................................................25

3.12.1 Master and User Passwords ......................................................................................................................................25

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Table of Contents WD Scorpio ML160M

3.12.2 Security Levels ..............................................................................................................................................................25

3.13 Automatic Acoustic Management (AAM)................................................................................................................................25

4. AT COMMAND SET ................................................................................................................26

4.1 Host Interface Commands .........................................................................................................................................................26

4.1.1 ATA-7/ATA-8 Commands ..........................................................................................................................................26

4.1.2 Obsolete Commands...................................................................................................................................................27

4.2 S.M.A.R.T. (B0h)........................................................................................................................................................................... 28

4.2.1 Read Attribute Values Sub-Command ....................................................................................................................28

4.2.2 Supported Attributes ...................................................................................................................................................30

4.2.3 Read Log Sector...........................................................................................................................................................31

4.2.4 Offline Data Collection ................................................................................................................................................31

4.3 Identify Device (ECh)...................................................................................................................................................................32

4.4 Set Features (EFh) ......................................................................................................................................................................38

5. INSTALLATION AND SETUP PROCEDURES............................................................................. 39

5.1 Unpacking ......................................................................................................................................................................................39

5.1.1 Handling Precautions...................................................................................................................................................39

5.1.2 Inspection of Shipping Container .............................................................................................................................39

5.1.3 Removal From Shipping Container...........................................................................................................................39

5.1.4 Removal From Static Shielding Bag.........................................................................................................................40

5.1.5 Moving Precautions......................................................................................................................................................40

5.2 Mounting Restrictions..................................................................................................................................................................40

5.2.1 Orientation......................................................................................................................................................................40

5.2.2 Screw Size Limitations ................................................................................................................................................40

5.2.3 Grounding.......................................................................................................................................................................41

5.3 Jumper Settings ............................................................................................................................................................................42

6. MAINTENANCE ........................................................................................................................ 43

7. TECHNICAL SUPPORT............................................................................................................. 44

7.1 WD Online Services ....................................................................................................................................................................44

8. GLOSSARY .............................................................................................................................. 45

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WD Scorpio ML160M List of Figures

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 2-1 Mounting Dimensions...........................................................................................................................................6

Figure 2-2 Typical +5V Current Draw During Spinup .....................................................................................................7

Figure 2-3 Drive Base Casting Thermocouple Location ..................................................................................................9

Figure 2-4 Forced Airflow Direction ................................................................................................................................... 10

Figure 2-5 Standard Factory Connectors ......................................................................................................................... 11

Figure 3-1 RPS Spinup Profile ............................................................................................................................................ 15

Figure 5-1 Drive Handling Precautions.............................................................................................................................. 39

Figure 5-2 Hard Drive Removal From Static Shielding Bag ......................................................................................... 40

Figure 5-3 Grounding Diagram ........................................................................................................................................... 41

Figure 5-4 Jumper Settings for WD Scorpio Hard Drives ............................................................................................ 42

2679-701205-A00 RELEASED 1/16/09 (WD CONFIDENTIAL) iii

List of Tables WD Scorpio ML160M

LIST OF TABLES

Table 2-1 Shock and Vibration ............................................................................................................................................... 8

Table 2-2 Device Pin Connector Pin Definitions............................................................................................................. 11

Table 2-3 Full Model Number Description........................................................................................................................ 12

Table 4-1 ATA-7/ATA-8 Command Opcodes................................................................................................................. 26

Table 4-2 Obsolete Command Opcodes .......................................................................................................................... 27

Table 4-3 Definitions for the 512 Bytes. ........................................................................................................................... 28

Table 4-4 Defined Error Logging Sectors......................................................................................................................... 31

Table 4-5 Identify Device Command.................................................................................................................................. 32

iv RELEASED 1/16/09 (WD CONFIDENTIAL) 2679-701205-A00

WD Scorpio ML160M Description and Features

1.0 DESCRIPTION AND FEATURES

1.1 General Description

WD Scorpio 2.5-inch drives offer fast performance and low power consumption, making them
ideal for notebooks and other portable devices.

1.2 Product Features

 Perpendicular Magnetic Recording (PMR) — With PMR technology the

magnetization of each data bit is aligned vertically to the spinning disk, rather than
longitudinally as has been the case in hard drive technology for decades. This enables
more data on a given disk than is possible with conventional longitudinal recording, and
provides a platform for future expansion of hard drive densities.

 Reduced Power Spinup (RPS) — WD’s optimized start up feature specifically

designed for the external hard drive and Consumer Electronics (CE) market. Specific
focus for RPS is to minimize the duration and magnitude of the peak power consumption
from the hard drive.

 Ramp Load/Unload (LUL) — LUL is a proven design that parks the recording head

when the drive is idle and on spin up, maximizing available disk space and minimizing
power usage, which results in lower transient acoustics, lower heat, and long-term drive
reliability.

 System-on-Chip - The System-on-Chip (SOC) is the foundation for WD's next

generation electronics and firmware architecture. The SOC lowers component count by
integrating a hard disk controller, high performance processor, high speed execution
SRAM, and read channel in a 128-pin package.

 S.M.A.R.T. Command Transport (SCT) — The SCT Command Transport feature set

provides a method for a host to send commands and data to a device and for a device to
send data and status to a host using log pages.

 Reliability Features Set-Data Lifeguard™ — Representing WD's ongoing

commitment to data protection, Data Lifeguard includes features that enhance the drive’s
ability to prevent data loss. Data Lifeguard data protection utilities include thermal
management, an environmental protection system, and embedded error detection and
repair features that automatically detect, isolate, and repair problem areas that may
develop over the extended use of the hard drive. With these enhanced data reliability
features, the drive can perform more accurate monitoring, error repair, and deliver
exceptional data security.

 Fluid Dynamic Bearings (FDB) — Bearing design that incorporates a layer of high-

viscosity lubricant instead of ball bearings in the hard drive spindle motor. As an
alternative to conventional ball bearing technology, FDB designs provide increased non­operational shock resistance, speed control, and improved acoustics.

 CacheFlow™ —WD’s unique, multi-generation caching algorithm evaluates the way data

is read from and written to the drive and adapts “on-the-fly” to the optimum read and write
caching methods. CacheFlow minimizes disk seek operations and overheads due to
rotational latency. CacheFlow supports sequential and random write cache. With write
cache and other CacheFlow features, the user can cache both read and write data. The
cache can hold multiple writes and collectively write them to the hard drive.

 Power Management — The drive supports the ATA and SATA power management

command set, allowing the host to reduce the power consumption of the drive by issuing
a variety of power management commands.

2679-701205-A00 RELEASED 1/16/09 (WD CONFIDENTIAL) 1

Description and Features WD Scorpio ML160M

 Dual Drive Operation — These hard drives support ATA dual drive operations. You can

attach another hard drive to the WD hard drive by designating one as the master and the
other as slave.

 High-Speed Data Transfer Support — These hard drives support all data transfer

modes up to Mode 5 Ultra ATA 100. Data transfer modes supported include PIO modes
0-4, Multi-word DMA modes 0-2, and Ultra ATA modes 0-5.

 Self-Monitoring, Analysis, and Reporting Technology (S.M.A.R.T.) — S.M.A.R.T.

enables a drive’s internal status to be monitored through diagnostic commands at the
host level and during offline activities. S.M.A.R.T. devices employ data analysis algorithms
that are used to predict the likelihood of some near-term degradation or fault conditions.
When used with a S.M.A.R.T. application, the drive can alert the host system of a negative
reliability status condition. The host system can then warn the user of the impending risk
of data loss and recommend an appropriate action.

 ATA Security — WD EIDE drives support the ATA Security Mode Feature set. The ATA

Security Mode feature set allows the user to create a device lock password that prevents
unauthorized hard disk access even if the drive is removed from the host computer. The
correct password must be supplied to the hard drive in order to access user data. Both
the User and Master Password features are supported, along with the High and Maximum
security modes. The Master Password Revision code is also supported.

 Automatic Acoustic Management (AAM) — The drive supports the Automatic

Acoustic Management feature. This feature allows the host to select the acoustic level of
the hard drive.

2 RELEASED 1/16/09 (WD CONFIDENTIAL) 2679-701205-A00

WD Scorpio ML160M Specifications

2.0 SPECIFICATIONS

2.1 Performance Specifications

Average Seek

- Read

- Write

Track-to-Track Seek

Full Stroke Seek 21 ms average

Index Pulse Period 11.1 ms (nominal)

Average Latency 5.5 ms

Rotational Speed 5400 RPM

Data Transfer Rate (maximum)

- Buffer to Host

- Max buffer to disk

Interleave 1:1

Buffer Size 8 MB

Error Rate - Unrecoverable <1 in 10

Spindle Start Time

- From Power-on to Drive Ready

- From Power-on to Rotational Speed

Spindle Stop Time 8.0s average

Load/Unload Cycles

1

During continuous Seek, Read, or Write commands, an algorithm in the code will add latency as required to keep

the VCM motor from overheating;s seek performance will be impacted under this condition.

2

Defined as the time from power-on to the setting of Drive Ready and Seek Complete including calibration.

3

Defined as the time from power-on to when the full spindle rotational speed is reached.

4

Controlled unload at ambient condition.

1

12.0 ms average

13.0 ms average

1

2.0 ms average

100 MB/s (Mode 5 Ultra ATA)

66.6 MB/s (Mode 4 Ultra ATA)

33.3 MB/s (Mode 2 Ultra ATA)

16.6 MB/s (Mode 4 PIO)

16.6 MB/s (Mode 2 multi-word DMA)

97 MB/s maximum

14

bits read

3

4

5

4.0s average

2.0s average

600,000

2679-701205-A00 RELEASED 1/16/09 (WD CONFIDENTIAL) 3

Specifications WD Scorpio ML160M

2.2 Physical Specifications

Physical
Specifications

Capacity

Interface 44-pin EIDE 44-pin EIDE 44-pin EIDE 44-pin EIDE 44-pin EIDE

Actuator Type Rotary Voice

Number of Disks11122

Data Surfaces12244

Number of Heads12244

Bytes per Sector 512 512 512 512 512

User Sectors per
Drive

Servo Type Embedded Embedded Embedded Embedded Embedded

Recording Method Partial DC

ECC Reed-Solomon Reed-Solomon Reed-Solomon Reed-Solomon Reed-Solomon

1

1

As used for storage capacity, one megabyte (MB) = one million bytes, one gigabyte (GB) = one billion bytes, and one terabyte
(TB) = one trillion bytes. Total accessible capacity varies depending on operating environment. As used for buffer or cache, one
megabyte (MB) = 1,048,576 bytes.

WD800BEVE WD1200BEVE WD1600BEVE WD2500BEVE WD3200BEVE

80,026 MB 120,034 MB 160,041 MB 250,059 MB 320,072 MB

Rotary Voice

Coil

156,301,488 234,441,648 312,581,808 488,397,168 625,142,448

Tar get

Coil

Partial DC

Tar get

Rotary Voice

Coil

Partial DC

Tar get

Rotary Voice

Coil

Partial DC

Tar get

Rotary Voice

Coil

Partial DC

Tar get

4 RELEASED 1/16/09 (WD CONFIDENTIAL) 2679-701205-A00

WD Scorpio ML160M Specifications

2.2.1 Physical Dimensions

English Metric

Dimension Tolerance Dimension Tolerance

Height 0.374 inches ±0.01 inch 9.50 mm ±0.20 mm

Length 3.94 inches ±0.01 inch 100.00 mm ±0.25 mm

Width 2.75 inches ±0.01 inch 69.85 mm ±0.25 mm

Weight (typical) 0.22 pounds — 99 gm —

2679-701205-A00 RELEASED 1/16/09 (WD CONFIDENTIAL) 5

Specifications WD Scorpio ML160M

2.3 Mechanical Specifications

Figure 2-1 shows the mounting dimensions and locations of the screw holes for the drive.

Figure 2-1. Mounting Dimensions

6 RELEASED 1/16/09 (WD CONFIDENTIAL) 2679-701205-A00

WD Scorpio ML160M Specifications

2.4 Electrical Specifications

2.4.1 Current Requirements and Power Dissipation

Operating Mode

Mean Current

1

Power, Average

5 VDC

Spinup (max) 1000 mA 5.0W

Spinup 700 mA 3.5W

Read/Write 500 mA 2.5W

Seek 500 mA 2.5W

POWER MANAGEMENT COMMANDS

Operating Mode

Mean Current

1

Power, Average

5 VDC

Idle (E1H)

Performance (mode 1) 400 mA 2.0W

Active (mode 2) 260 mA 1.3W

Low Power (mode 3) 170 mA 0.85W

Standby (E0H) 60 mA 0.3W

Sleep (E6H) 60 mA 0.3W

1

All values are typical (25°C and 5V input) except where specified as maximum.

Note: Current measurements cut off frequency at 1 kHz.

1

1

Figure 2-2. Typical +5V Current Draw During Spinup

Note: Current is 200 mA per 10 mV vertical deflection.

2679-701205-A00 RELEASED 1/16/09 (WD CONFIDENTIAL) 7

Specifications WD Scorpio ML160M

2.4.2 Input Voltage Requirements

The input voltage requirement for these drives is +5.0V ± 5%.

2.4.3 Ripple

+5 VDC

Maximum
Frequency

100 mV (double amplitude)

0-30 MHz

2.5 Environmental Specifications

2.5.1 Shock and Vibration

Table 2-1. Shock and Vibration

Shock

Operating (2 ms) 300G

Non-operating (1 ms) 900G

Note: Half-sine wave, measured without shock isolation and without non-recoverable errors.

Vibration

Operating 0.00459 g2/Hz (10-500 Hz)

Non-operating 0.05102 g2/Hz (10-500 Hz)

Drive Generated Vibration

Operating 0.15 gm-mm average with the drive in an unconstrained condition

Rotational Shock Non-Operating

Amplitude 30K rad/sec

Duration 2 ms

2

Operating Vibration

Drives are tested by applying a random or swept sinusoidal excitation in each linear axis, one
axis at a time. The drive incurs no physical damage and no hard errors while operating and
subjected to continuous vibration not exceeding the level listed in Table 2-1. Operating
performance may degrade during periods of exposure to continuous vibration.

Non-Operating Vibration

Note: This specification applies to handling and transportation of unmounted drives.

Drives are tested by applying a random or swept sinusoidal excitation in each linear axis, one
axis at a time. The drive incurs no physical damage when subjected to continuous vibration not
exceeding the level listed in Table 2-1.

Drive Generated Vibration

Drives are tested by supporting a single drive horizontally in a free-free state and measuring
the side-to-side vibration. Self vibration may not exceed the level listed in Table 2-1.

Rotational Shock Non-Operating

Drives are tested by applying a rotational force centered around the actuator pivot. The drive
incurs no physical damage when subjected to the rotational force specified in Table 2-1.

Packaged Shock and Vibration

The shipping packaging is designed to meet the National/International Safe Transit
Association (N/ISTA) standards for packaged products. The drive incurs no physical damage
when subjected to the N/ISTA standards.

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WD Scorpio ML160M Specifications

2.5.2 Temperature and Humidity

Temperature & Humidity

Operating ambient temperature

Max base casting temperature

Humidity 8-90% RH non-condensing

Thermal Gradient 20°C/hour (maximum)

Humidity Gradient 20%/hour (maximum)

Non-operating Temperature -40°C to 65°C (-40°F to 149°F)

Humidity 5-95% RH non-condensing

Thermal Gradient 30°C/hour (maximum)

Humidity Gradient 20%/hour (maximum)

1

The system environment must allow sufficient air flow to limit maximum surface temperatures as defined.

2

See Figure 2-3.

1

0°C to 60°C (32°F to 140°F)

2

60°C (140°F)

29.4°C (maximum wet bulb)

40°C (maximum wet bulb)

2.5.3 Thermocouple Location

Component Location

Drive base casting #1, Figure 2-3

Figure 2-3. Drive Base Casting Thermocouple Location

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Specifications WD Scorpio ML160M

2.5.4 Cooling

If forced air cooling is required, the drive must be positioned to receive airflow from one or
more fans as indicated in Figure 2-4.

Figure 2-4. Forced Airflow Direction

2.5.5 Atmospheric Pressure

Altitude

Operating -1,000 feet to 10,000 feet (-305M to 3,050M)

Non-operating -1,000 feet to 40,000 feet (-305M to 12,200M)

2.5.6 Acoustics

TYPICAL SOUND POWER LEVEL

Idle Mode (average dBA)

Seek Mode (average dBA)

1

Measured per ECMA-74/ISO 7779.

2

No audible pure tones.

3

Random seek at a rate of 26 seeks per second.

4

Seek mode selectable with the Automatic Acoustic Management feature.

2

3, 4

2.5.7 RoHS (Restriction of Hazardous Substances)

WD complies with the Restriction of Hazardous Substances (RoHS) Directive 2002/95/EC
of the European Parliament, which is effective in the EU beginning July 1, 2006. RoHS aims to
protect human health and the environment by restricting the use of certain hazardous
substances in new equipment, and consists of restrictions on lead, mercury, cadmium, and
other substances.

The reliability, performance, and specifications of WD products are unchanged from
previously manufactured WD products, remaining among the highest in the industry.

2.6 Reliability Specifications

Component Design Life 5 years

AFR <0.5%

Duty Cycle 40%

Power on Hours (POH) 3120

1

Ambient temperature 30°C, HDD temperature 40°C.

1

1 Disk 2 Disk

22 25

25 28

1

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WD Scorpio ML160M Specifications

2.7 Interface Connector Pin Assignments

The WD Scorpio interfaces with the host I/O bus via the 44-pin connector (J2) illustrated in
Figure 2-5. Table 2-2 identifies the pin numbers of the J2 connector and the corresponding
signal names and signal functions.

Figure 2-5. Standard Factory Connectors

Table 2-2. Device Pin Connector Pin Definitions

PIN MNEMONIC I/O DESCRIPTION

1 RESET-

3, 5, 7,
9, 11
13, 15.
17

4, 6, 8,
10, 12,
14, 16,
18

2, 19,
22, 24,
26, 30,
40

20 Key - not connected.
21 DMARQ

23 DIOW-

25 DIOR-

27 IORDY

28 CSEL

29 DMACK-

31 INTRQ

32 IOCS16-

DD7-DD0

DD8-DD15

GND Ground.

STOP

HDMARDY­HSTROBE

DSTROBE­DDMARDY-

I

I/O

O

I

I

O

I

I

O

O

Host Reset

Initializes the WD Scorpio drive when asserted.

Host Data Bus Bits 7-0 and 8-15

The lower data bus is an 8-bit, tristate directional bus for
transferring status, data, and control information between the
host and the drive. The upper data bus is used for 16-bit data
transfers only.

DMA Request

Drive DMA signal Request to host (DMA only).
In UDMA mode is a drive initiation control signal.

I/O Write

The host or DMA controller asserts IOW- when a data or control
byte is written to the WD Scorpio drive.

In UDMA mode is a stop control signal.

I/O Read

The host or DMA controller asserts IOR- when a data or status
byte is read from the WD Scorpio drive.

In UDMA read mode is a receiver pause control signal.
In UDMA write mode is a data clock signal.

I/O Channel Ready

Drive ready signal to host. Used with host systems that support
Flow Control Protocol to maximize burst transfer rates.

In UDMA read mode is a data strobe.
In UDMA write mode is a DMA ready signal.

Cable Select

Configures the drive status as either a master or slave drive.

DMA Acknowledge

DMA handshake line asserted by host in response to
HDMAREQ.

Host Interrupt Request

The WD Scorpio drive asserts INTRQ to request interrupt service
from the host.

I/O Channel Select 16

Identifies data transfers to or from the host as 16 bits wide.

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Specifications WD Scorpio ML160M

34 PDIAG-

35, 33, 36DA0-DA2

37 CS0-

38 CS1-

39 DASP-

41 +5V Power
42 +5V Power
43 GND Power Ground
44 Reserved - not connected.

2.8 Agency Approvals

ML160M Regulatory Number (R/N): 701532

The WD Scorpio meets the standards of the following regulatory agencies:

I/O

O

Passed Diagnostics

Output from slave drive when it has passed its diagnostics. Input
to master drive.

I

I

I

Host Address Bus

A0, A1, and A2 address I/O ports 0 through 7.

Host Chip Select 0

The host asserts HCS0- to address and communicate with the
WD Scorpio drive on the I/O channel.

Host Chip Select 1

The host asserts HCS1 to address and communicate with the
WD Scorpio drive auxiliary registers.

Drive Active/Slave Present

This open collector output is a time-multiplexed signal indicating
drive active or slave present. At reset, this signal is an output
from the slave drive and an input to the master drive, showing
that a slave drive is present. For all times other than reset,
HDASP- is asserted by the master and slave drives during
command execution.

 Federal Communication Commission: Verified to comply with FCC Rules for

Radiated and Conducted Emission, Part 15, Subpart B, for Class B Equipment.

 Underwriters Laboratories: Bi-National UL Standard CAN/CSA-C22.2 No. 60950-1-

03/UL 60950-1. Standard for Safety of Information Technology Equipment, including
Electrical Business Equipment (File E101559).

 TUV Essen Laboratories: IEC-950 (EN60950) Standard for Safety of Information

Technology Equipment, including Electrical Business Equipment. EN60065. Standard of
Safety for Audio, Video, and Similar Electronic Apparatus.

 CE Compliance for Europe: Verified to comply with EN55022:1998 for RF Emissions

and EN55024:1998 for Generic Immunity as applicable.

 C-Tick Compliance for Australia: Verified to comply with AS/NZ3548 for RF

Emissions as required by the Australian Communications Authority.

 Korean RRL Mark: Registered as a Class-B product with the South Korean Ministry of

Information and Communication.

 Taiwan BSMI EMI Certification: Certified as a Class-B product with the Bureau of

Standards Metrology and Inspection (BSMI).

2.9 Full Model Number Specification

Table 2-3 below provides a summary specification of the model number suffix for this product
platform.

Table 2-3. Full Model Number Description

Model Number Format ID Product Brand RPM Description

WDxxxxBEVE-XXA0HTX

A0H

WD Scorpio

®

Blue™

5400 ML160M 8 MB EIDE

12 RELEASED 1/16/09 (WD CONFIDENTIAL) 2679-701205-A00

WD Scorpio ML160M Product Features

3.0 PRODUCT FEATURES

 Perpendicular Magnetic Recording (PMR)

 Reduced Power Spinup (RPS)

 Ramp Load/Unload (LUL)

 System-on-Chip (SOC)

 S.M.A.R.T. Command Transport (SCT)

 Reliability Features Set—Data Lifeguard™

 Fluid Dynamic Bearings (FDB)

 CacheFlow™

 Dual Drive Option

 Power Management

 High-Speed Data Transfer Support

 Self-Monitoring, Analysis, and Reporting Technology (S.M.A.R.T.)

 Security Mode

 Automatic Acoustic Management (AAM)

3.1 Perpendicular Magnetic Recording (PMR)

In perpendicular magnetic recording (PMR), the magnetization of each data bit is aligned
vertically to the spinning disk, rather than longitudinally as has been the case in hard drive
technology for decades. In longitudinal recording, as the bits become smaller and closer
together, they experience an increasing demagnetizing field, much like two bar magnets that
are placed end-to-end repel one another. A property of the media called coercivity must be
increased to counteract the demagnetization to keep the bits stable under thermal
fluctuations; otherwise data corruption may occur over time. Higher media coercivity has
pushed the recording head write field to the limit of known materials.

In perpendicular recording, the adjacent bits attract instead of repel (as with bar magnets
placed side by side,) creating more thermally stable bits. In addition, the media contains a
magnetically soft underlayer (SUL) beneath the recording layer. This SUL allows a larger
effective write field, thus higher coercivity media, enabling further increases in density. Lastly,
because of the vertical orientation of the bits, the PMR recording layer tends to be thicker than
that used for longitudinal recording, providing increased signal for the read heads. All of these
benefits enable WD engineers to reliably pack more data on a given disk than is possible with
conventional longitudinal recording.

3.2 Reduced Power Spinup (RPS)

Applications for 2.5-inch hard drives like the WD Scorpio include USB external hard drives,
notebook systems, and Consumer Electronics (CE). Due to the fact that many of these
applications are portable in nature, an option for limiting startup current levels and increasing
spinup speed is necessary.

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Product Features WD Scorpio ML160M

To address this requirement, WD has developed Reduced Power Spinup (RPS) mode.
RPS-enabled drives use minimal power consumption during spin up, allowing a greater range
of compatibility with various systems and cables in the marketplace.

Figure 3-1. RPS Spinup Profile

mA

mA

mA

mA

mA

Note: Current is 200 mA per 10 mV vertical deflection.

3.3 Ramp Load/Unload (LUL)

LUL is a proven design that parks the recording head when the drive is idle and on spin up,
maximizing available disk space and minimizing power usage, which results in lower transient
acoustics, lower heat, and long-term drive reliability.

3.4 System-on-Chip (SOC)

The System-on-Chip (SOC) is the foundation for WD's next generation electronics and
firmware architecture. The SOC lowers component count by integrating a hard disk controller,
high performance processor, high speed execution SRAM, and read channel in a 128-pin
package. The processor has a 5-stage pipeline which can execute instructions in a single
cycle and a DSP engine for enhanced operations. The SOC has on-chip tightly coupled
memory for high speed code and data execution that maximizes the processing bandwidth for
timing critical operations. It has a high performance disk controller that incorporates maximum
flexibility, modularity, performance, and low power consumption. The read/write channel has
advanced detection capabilities for high-density drives.

Seconds

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3.5 S.M.A.R.T. Command Transport (SCT)

The SCT Command Transport feature set provides a method for a host to send commands
and data to a device and for a device to send data and status to a host using log pages.
Standard ATA commands may be interspersed with SCT commands, but SCT commands
cannot be nested. SCT commands that do not require a subsequent data transfer operation
are not interspersed with any ATA commands or each other.

The SCT Command Transport feature set provides a method for a host to send commands
and data to a device and for a device to send data and status to a host using log pages. This
capabilitility is used to pass commands through a driver interface or a bridge where new or
unknown commands may be filtered and not passed to the drive. SCT is also used for issuing
commands that require more than 8 parameter bytes. ATA8-ACS provides detailed
information on the usage and capabilities of SCT. The SCT feature set includes the following
commands:

 Write Same
 Read/Write Long
 Temperature Reporting

3.5.1 Write Same

The Write Same command allows the host to erase the media, or write a pattern repeatedly
across the media, with a minimum of data transfer from the host. The host can clear the entire
media to zeros or a specific pattern by sending this command with the pattern as a
parameter—no data transfer is necessary. Write Same can write the entire media, or just a
portion of the media. The host can monitor the progress of the Write Same by issuing SCT
Status requests. This frees the host system to do other tasks while the media is being cleared.

3.5.2 Read/Write Long

The function performed by the Long Sector Access command is based on the obsolete ATA
READ LONG/WRITE LONG capability, and has been extended beyond 28-bit addressing.
The Long Sector data format for both reads and writes is two blocks long (i.e., each block is
512 bytes long). The first block contains the user data. The second data block contains the
error correction and detection bytes. The remainder of the second block should contain zeros.
Once the SCT command has been issued and the status response indicates that the device is
ready to transfer data, log page E1h should be read or written to transfer the data. Long
Sector Access commands cause a forced unit access to occur.

3.5.3 Temperature Reporting

The SCT Temperature Reporting (SCT TR) feature allows a host system to access
temperature information in the drive. This information can been used to control fans or adjust
the usage of various system components to keep the drive within its normal operating
temperature. Applications include Enterprise, Laptop, Desktop and Consumer Electronics.
SCT TR reports the maximum and minimum sustained operating limits, warning level limits,
and drive damage limits. In addition to reporting the limits, SCT TR returns the current drive
temperature (a temperature history which the host can use to predict heating or cooling
trends) and the maximum temperature acheived during the lifetime of the drive as well as the
highest temperature achieved since the power was applied to the drive. Detailed information
on this capability can be found in ATA8-ACS.

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3.6 Reliability Features Set

3.6.1 Data Lifeguard™

1

Representing WD's ongoing commitment to data protection, Data Lifeguard includes features
that enhance the drive’s ability to prevent data loss. Data Lifeguard data protection utilities
include thermal management, an environmental protection system, and embedded error
detection and repair features that automatically detect, isolate, and repair problem areas that
may develop over the extended use of the hard drive. With these enhanced data reliability
features, the drive can perform more accurate monitoring, error repair, and deliver exceptional
data security.

This self-tuning feature is performed during offline data collection scan. All user sectors on the
hard drive are scanned during times of no activity from the host. Any sector determined to be
written poorly (e.g., off-track), or that is difficult to recover (e.g., because of a developing
media defect or thermal asperity), is marked for repair. Data Lifeguard actively guards your
data, even if S.M.A.R.T. operations are disabled.

All WD drives are defect-free and low-level formatted at the factory. After prolonged use, any
drive, including a WD drive, may develop defects. If you continue receiving data errors in any
given file, use the Data Lifeguard Diagnostics utility to recover, relocate and rewrite the user
data to the nearest spare sector and maintain a secondary defect list.

CAUTION:As with all format utilities, some options in the Data Lifeguard

Diagnostics utility will overwrite user data.

Download the latest versions of the Data Lifeguard Diagnostic and Data Lifeguard Tools
programs at support.wdc.com.

3.6.2 Thermal Management

The drive is designed with Thermal Management features for high reliability.

 State-of-the-art mechanical design—Mechanical design is optimized to reduce the

drive’s temperature. State-of-the-art thermal dissipation and windage design is employed.

 Closed loop servo management—Thermal management monitors the drive

temperature and can control servo operations to maintain a stable operating temperature
under high temperature conditions. This is a closed loop servo and thermal control
system.

 S.M.A.R.T. HDA Temperature Attribute—The S.M.A.R.T. HDA Temperature Attribute

is supported.

 Ducted airflow—Provides protection to the Read/Write element from heated air.

1. Default shipping configuration has Data Lifeguard feature disabled for power management
optimization.

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3.6.3 Internal Environmental Protection System

This system protects the inside environment of the drive from contamination. System features
include:

 Filtration System to ensure fast clean-up times
 Directed airflow to maximize mechanical cooling
 Increase casting surface area to maximize cooling
 Ducted air flow to protect read/write elements from heated air
 Breather filter located at low pressure area
 Enhanced heat dissipation

3.6.4 Recoverable Errors

A sector marked for repair is written back to the same location. The sector is then read several
times to be sure that it was written correctly and that there is no media damage at its location
(sector test). If the sector does not easily and consistently read correctly, the sector is then
relocated with original data.

3.6.5 Unrecoverable Errors

If an unrecoverable error is found during the offline scan, the sector is marked. Future reads
from this location will continue to perform full error recovery. However, the next write to this
location will perform a sector test to be sure the media is not damaged, and the sector
relocated if the sector test fails.

3.6.6 Self Test

Self Test is a quick way to determine the operation status of a drive. The following Self Tests
are supported:

 Quick Test: Completes in less than two minutes.
 Extended Test: Tests all the critical subsystems of the drive.
 Conveyance Test: Quickly identifies issues caused by handling damage.
 Selective Test: Scans host-defined sections of the drive.

The test may be run to completion or be performed as a background task as the drive
processes other commands from the host. The host may then poll the drive for runtime status
and test results. Since the test is embedded in the drive’s firmware, it is always available,
requires no installation and can be faster and more effective than a software-based drive test.

3.6.7 ATA Error Logging

ATA Error Logging provides an industry standard means to record error events and supporting
information that is then accessible by the host. The event record includes the exact command
that caused the failure, the response of the drive, the time of the event and information about
the four commands immediately prior to the errant command. Error Logging can reliably and
quickly determine whether a system problem is the result of a hard drive failure or other
component malfunction. Error Logging retains total error count for the life of the drive and
complete records for the last five errors.

3.6.8 Defect Management

Every WD drive undergoes factory-level intelligent burn in, which thoroughly tests for and
maps out defective sectors on the media before the drive leaves the manufacturing facility.
Following the factory tests, a primary defect list is created. The list contains the cylinder, head,
and sector numbers for all defects.

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Defects managed at the factory are sector slipped. Grown defects that can occur in the field
are mapped out by relocation to spare sectors on the inner cylinders of the drive.

3.6.9 Automatic Defect Retirement

The automatic defect retirement feature automatically maps out defective sectors while
reading or writing. If a defective sector appears, the drive finds a spare sector.

The following item is specific to automatic defect retirement on writes (write auto-relocation):

 Data is always written to disk (using automatic defect retirement if required) and no error

is reported.

The following item is specific to automatic defect retirement on reads (read auto-relocation):

 When host retries are enabled, the drive will internally flag any unrecoverable errors

(DAMNF or ECC). This flagging allows subsequent write commands to this location to
relocate the sector only if the sector test fails.

3.6.10 Error Recovery Process

The drive has five means of error recovery:

 ECC On-the-Fly
 Read/Write Retry Procedure
 Extended Read Retry Procedure

ECC On-the-Fly – If an ECC error occurs, the drive attempts to correct it on-the-fly without
retries. Data can be corrected in this manner without performance penalty. The details of the
correction algorithm appear in the next section.

Read/Write Retry Procedure – This retry procedure is used by all disk controller error types. If
the procedure succeeds in reading or writing the sector being tried, then recovery is complete
and the controller continues with the command. Each retry operation also checks for servo
errors. The procedure ends when error recovery is achieved or when all possible retries have
been attempted.

Extended Read Retry Procedure – This retry procedure tries combinations of positive/negative
track offsets and data DAC manipulations to recover the data. This retry procedure applies
only to read data recovery. The Read/Write Retry procedure performs the actual retry
operation.

When an extended retry operation is successful, the controller continues with the command.
The controller clears any changes in track offset or data DAC settings before the command
continues.

3.7 Fluid Dynamic Bearings (FDB)

Bearing design that incorporates a layer of high-viscosity lubricant instead of ball bearings in
the hard drive spindle motor. As an alternative to conventional ball bearing technology, FDB
designs provide increased non-operational shock resistance, speed control, and improved
acoustics.

3.8 CacheFlow™

CacheFlow is WD’s unique, multi-generation disk caching system. It incorporates read cache
with write cache.

WD designed CacheFlow to obtain maximum performance with today’s most popular
operating systems and applications. CacheFlow increases performance over prior caching
algorithms by increasing the number of times that requested data is in the cache. This reduces

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the number of host commands that require actual media access thereby improving overall
drive performance.

Typical applications perform a variety of access patterns, such as random, sequential, and
repetitive. CacheFlow is designed to dynamically adapt to the changes in access patterns that
occur during the course of application execution.

Random mode is the default operational mode for CacheFlow. Once CacheFlow detects a
sequential access pattern, it leaves random mode. CacheFlow also performs predictive read
operations to increase the probability that data requested in future commands already exists in
the cache.

CacheFlow partitions the buffer into multiple segments to allow for the fact that applications
may access multiple non-contiguous areas on the disk. CacheFlow tracks the amount of valid
data in each segment and controls the deallocation of segments to maximize drive
performance.

3.8.1 Write Cache

CacheFlow is designed to improve both single and multi-sector write performance by
reducing delays caused by seek time and rotational latency.

The write cache adaptively detects random and sequential access patterns during application
execution.

If a defective sector is found during a write cache operation, that sector is automatically
relocated before the write occurs.

3.8.2 Read Cache

CacheFlow implements a multiple segment read cache. Cache segments are assigned to
read commands as they are received from the host.

Each read segment consists of pre and post read sectors in addition to the host-requested
sectors. This maximizes the amount of cache data in the drive’s buffer, thereby increasing the
likelihood of cache hits and improving overall performance.

3.8.3 48-bit Logical Block Addressing (LBA)

The 48-bit Address feature set allows devices with capacities up to approximately 281 tera
sectors or approximately 144 peta bytes. In addition, the number of sectors that may be
transferred by a single command are increased by increasing the allowable sector count to 16
bits.

48-bit Address

Bits (47:40) Bits (39:32) Bits (31:24) Bits (23:16) Bits (15:8) Bits (7:0)

LBA High (exp) LBA Mid (exp) LBA Low (exp) LBA High LBA Mid LBA Low

16-bit Sector Count

Bits (15:8) Bits (7:0)

Sector Count

(exp)

Sector Count

3.9 Power Management

The drives support the ATA power management commands that lower the average power
consumption of the hard drives. For example, to take advantage of the lower power
consumption modes of the drive, an energy efficient host system could implement a power
management scheme that issues a Standby Immediate command when a host resident disk

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Product Features WD Scorpio ML160M

inactivity timer expires. The Standby Immediate command causes the drive to spin down and
enter a low-power mode. Subsequent disk access commands would cause the drive to spin
up and execute the new command.

To avoid excessive wear on the drive due to the starting and stopping of the HDA, set the
host’s disk inactivity timer to no shorter than ten minutes.

The drives also support the SATA power management feature that lowers the average power
consumption of the SATA interface.

3.10 Dual Drive Support

These hard drives support ATA dual drive operations. You can attach another hard drive to the
WD hard drive designating one as the master and the other as a slave.

These drives support ATA dual drive operations by means of configuration options for master
or slave drive designation. The drive is 100% ATA compatible regarding the timing of the
PDIAG- and DASP- signals. You must place a jumper in the drive’s option area for both
master and slave configurations. If you placed a jumper on the cable select (CSEL) option, the
drive address selection is determined by the CSEL signal on the drive cable. Connection to
the host is implemented by a daisy-chain cable assembly. These configurations are described
in Section 6.

The SDH Register contains the master/slave select bit for the Caviar. The DASP- signal is a
time-multiplexed indicator of Drive Active or Slave Present on the Caviar’s I/O interface. At
reset, this signal is an output from the slave drive and an input to the master drive, showing
that a slave drive is present. For all times other than reset, DASP- is asserted at the beginning
of command processing and released upon completion of the command. If you configured the
master drive option, the drive does not respond to commands or drive status on the interface
when the slave bit is selected in the SDH Register.

3.11 High-Speed DMA Data Transfer Support

These hard drives support all data transfer modes up to Mode 5 Ultra ATA 100. Data transfer
modes supported include PIO modes 0-4, Multi-word DMA modes 0-2, and Ultra ATA modes
0-5.

3.12 Self-Monitoring, Analysis, and Reporting Technology (S.M.A.R.T.)

S.M.A.R.T. helps you monitor a drive’s internal status through diagnostic commands at the
host level.

The drive monitors Read Error Rate, Start/Stop Count, Re-allocated Sector Count, Seek Error
Rate, Power-on Hours Count, Spin-up Retry Count, Drive Calibration Retry Count, Drive
Power Cycle Count, Offline Scan Uncorrectable Sector Count, Ultra ATA CRC Error Rate,
Multi-zone Error Rate, Spin-up Time, Relocation Event Count, and Current Pending Sector
Count. The hard drive updates and stores these attributes in the reserved area of the disk. The
drive also stores a set of attribute thresholds that correspond to the calculated attribute
values. Each attribute threshold indicates the point at which its corresponding attribute value
achieves a negative reliability status.

3.13 Security Mode

The Security Mode feature set allows the user to create a device lock password that prevents
unauthorized hard drive access even if the drive is removed from the computer.

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3.13.1 Master and User Passwords

The manufacturer/dealer can set a master password using the Security Set Password
command, without enabling the device lock function. The user password should be given or
changed by a system user.

Master Password Identifier is supported and set to a default value of 00FE. If a Master
Password is set via a Security Set Password Command, a valid Master Password Revision
code value of 0001h – 00FEh must be used. A Master Password Identifier of 0000h is
ignored.

When the master password is set, the drive does not enable the device lock function. When
the user password is set, the drive enables the device lock function, and the drive is locked
after the next power on reset or hard reset.

3.13.2 Security Levels

High - If High level security is set and the user password is forgotten, the master password
can be used to unlock the drive and access the data.

Maximum - If Maximum level security is set and the user password is forgotten, data access is
impossible. Only the master password with a Security Erase Unit command can unlock the
drive when the device lock function is enabled and the user password has been forgotten.
When the Security Erase Unit command is used to unlock the drive, all user data is erased.

3.14 Automatic Acoustic Management (AAM)

The AAM feature allows the host to select the acoustic level of the hard drive. When quiet
operation is essential, the drive may be set to operate in the Acoustic Mode to minimize the
hard drive’s sound level.

The Performance Mode results in slightly higher acoustic levels while optimizing the
performance of the drive. The Set Features command is used to set the AAM level.

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4.0 AT COMMAND SET

4.1 Host Interface Commands

4.1.1 ATA-7/ATA-8 Commands

Table 4-1 lists the hexadecimal codes specific to each ATA-7/ATA-8 command supported by
these hard drives. Refer to the D1699 ATA8-ACS specification for full details on each
command.

Table 4-1. ATA-7/ATA-8 Command Opcodes

COMMAND HEX OPCODE

CHECK POWER MODE E5

DEVICE CONFIGURATION FREEZE LOCK B1

DEVICE CONFIGURATION IDENTIFY B1

DEVICE CONFIGURATION RESTORE B1

DEVICE CONFIGURATION SET B1

DOWNLOAD MICROCODE 92

EXECUTE DEVICE DIAGNOSTIC 90

FLUSH CACHE E7

FLUSH CACHE EXT EA

IDENTIFY DEVICE EC

IDLE E3

IDLE IMMEDIATE E1

NOP 00

READ BUFFER E4

READ DMA C8

READ DMA EXT 25

READ LOG EXT 2F

READ MULTIPLE C4

READ MULTIPLE EXT 29

READ NATIVE MAX ADDRESS F8

READ NATIVE MAX ADDRESS EXT 27

READ SECTOR(S) 20

READ SECTORS(S) EXT 24

READ VERIFY SECTOR(S) EXT 42

READ VERIFY SECTORS(S) 40

S.M.A.R.T. B0

SECURITY DISABLE PASSWORD F6

SECURITY ERASE PREPARE F3

SECURITY ERASE UNIT F4

SECURITY FREEZE LOCK F5

SECURITY SET PASSWORD F1

SECURITY UNLOCK F2

SET FEATURES EF

SET MAX F9

SET MAX ADDRESS EXT 37

SET MULTIPLE C6

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COMMAND HEX OPCODE

SLEEP E6

STANDBY E2

STANDBY IMMEDIATE E0

WRITE BUFFER E8

WRITE DMA CA

WRITE DMA EXT 35

WRITE LOG EXT 3F

WRITE MULTIPLE C5

WRITE MULTIPLE EXT 39

WRITE SECTOR(S) 30

WRITE SECTOR(S) EXT 34

4.1.2 Obsolete Commands

Table 4-2 lists the hexadecimal codes specific to each obsolete command supported by
these hard drives.

Table 4-2. Obsolete Command Opcodes

COMMAND HEX OPCODE

INITIALIZE DEVICE PARAMETERS 91

RECALIBRATE 10

SEEK 70

4.2 S.M.A.R.T. (B0h)

The S.M.A.R.T. command provides access to attribute values, S.M.A.R.T. status, and other
S.M.A.R.T. information. These commands can be used for logging and reporting purposes,
and for accommodating special user needs.

Prior to writing the S.M.A.R.T. command to the Command Register, the host must write key
values into the LBA Mid and LBA High Registers (4Fh, C2h) or the command will be aborted
and an error will be reported.

The S.M.A.R.T. command has several sub-commands that are selectable via the Features
Register when the host issues the S.M.A.R.T. command. To select a sub-command, the host
must write the appropriate sub-command code to the Features Register before issuing the
S.M.A.R.T. command. The sub-commands and their respective codes are listed below. For
more detailed information on executing S.M.A.R.T. commands, please see the ATA
specification.

4.2.1 Read Attribute Values Sub-Command

This command returns a sector of data with the drive's S.M.A.R.T. data structure.

Table 4-3. Definitions for the 512 Bytes.

BYTE VALUE DESCRIPTION

0 - 1 0010h S.M.A.R.T. Data Structure Revision

2 - 361 XX S.M.A.R.T. Attribute Data

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BYTE VALUE DESCRIPTION

Offline data collection status

0Xh OL disabled

362 XX

363 XX Self-Test execution status byte.

364 - 365 XX

366 XX

367 7Bh

368 - 369 0003h

370 01h

371 XX

372 XX

373 XX

374 XX

375 - 510 XX

511 XX

8Xh OL enabled
X0h scan not run
X2h scan complete
X4h scan suspended
X5h scan aborted

00h The previous self-test routine completed without error or no

01h The self-test routine was aborted by the host

02h The self-test routine was interrupted by the host with a hard or

03h A fatal error or unknown test error occurred while the device

04h The previous self-test completed having a test element that

05h The previous self-test completed having a test element that

06h The previous self-test completed having a test element that

07h The previous self-test completed having a test element that

08h The previous self-test completed having a test element that

09­0Eh

0Fh Self-test routine in progress

Total time in seconds to complete offline data collection activity

Reserved

Offline data collection capability. Bits are as follows:

S.M.A.R.T. Capability. Bits are as follows:

Error logging capability. Bits are as follows:

Reserved

Short self-test routine completion time in minutes

Extended self-test routine completion time in minutes

Conveyance self-test routine completion time in minutes

Reserved

Checksum

self-test has ever been run

soft reset

was executing its self-test routine. The device was unable to
complete the self-test routine.

failed. The test element that failed is not known.

failed. The electrical element of the test failed.

failed. The servo (and/or seek) test element of the test failed.

failed. The read element of the test failed.

failed. The element damage is suspected to be caused by
handling.

Reserved

1 = Offline Immediate Command supported

0

1 = Auto Offline enable\disable command supported

1

0 = Offline will suspend on and will resume after host

2

command
1 = Offline read scan implemented

3

1 = DST Short and Extended tests supported

4

1 = DST Conveyance test supported

5

1 = DST Selective test supported

6

0 = Reserved

7

1 = The device saves SMART data prior to going into a power

1

saving mode
1 = Device complies with SMART data autosave after an event

1

Reserved

2-15

1 = Error logging supported

0

Reserved

1

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4.2.2 Supported Attributes

The drive supports the following attributes.

Attribute Attribute ID Number Pre-Failure/Advisory Bit

Read Error Rate 1 Pre-Failure

Spin-up Time 3 Pre-Failure

Start/Stop Count 4 Advisory

Re-allocated Sector Count 5 Pre-Failure

Seek Error Rate 7 Advisory

Power-on Hours Count 9 Advisory

Spin-up Retry Count 10 Advisory

Drive Calibration Retry Count 11 Advisory

Drive Power Cycle Count 12 Advisory

Emergency Retract Cycles 192 Advisory

Load/Unload Cycles 193 Advisory

HDA Temperature

Relocation Event Count 196 Advisory

Current Pending Sector Count 197 Advisory

Offline Scan Uncorrectable Sector Count 198 Advisory

Ultra ATA CRC Error Rate 199 Advisory

Multi-zone Error Rate 200 Advisory

1

Status bits are typical but may vary.

2

See “Temperature Reporting” on page 15 for a better mechanism.

2

194 Advisory

(Status Flags bit 0)

1

Attributes that use the Pre-Failure/Advisory Bit Set can predict potential future degrading or
faulty conditions. Attributes with the Failure/Advisory Bit Clear are used for informational
purposes only, they do not indicate impending drive failure.

The S.M.A.R.T. data saving process is a background task. After a pre-determined idle period,
the self-monitoring data is automatically saved to the disk.

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4.2.3 Read Log Sector

There are several logs that can be read with the S.M.A.R.T. Read Log Sector sub-command.
The LBA Low Register indicates the log sector to be returned.

Table 4-4. Defined Error Logging Sectors

Log address Content Log Cmds R/W

00h Log directory ExtLog RO

01h Summary Log (up to 5 errors) SMART RO

02h

03h

04h-05h Reserved Reserved Reserved

06h SMART self-test log SMART RO

07h Extended SMART self-test log ExtLog RO

08h-0FH Reserved Reserved Reserved

09H Selective self-test log SMART R/W

0Ah-0Fh Reserved Reserved Reserved

11h SATA PHY Counters ExtLog RO

12h-17h Reserved for Serial ATA Reserved Reserved

18h-7Fh Reserved Reserved Reserved

80h-9Fh Host vendor specific SMART / ExtLog R/W

A0h-BFh Device vendor specific SMART / ExtLog VS

C0h-DFh Reserved Reserved Reserved

E0h-E1h SMART Command Transport(SCT) SMART / ExtLog R/W

E2h-FFh Reserved Reserved Reserved

RO – Read Only
R/W – Read / Write
SMART – Supported by B0h command code.
ExtLog – Supported by 2Fh/3Fh command code.
VS – Vendor Specific

Comprehensive SMART error log. (5 errors

Extended Comprehensive SMART error log.

per sectors)

(4 errors per sectors)

SMART RO

ExtLog RO

4.2.4 Offline Data Collection

The drive supports offline data collection. The multi-zone error rate is an attribute computed
from data gathered during offline activities. Offline data collection is initiated by either the
S.M.A.R.T. Offline Immediate command or the S.M.A.R.T. Enable Automatic Offline command.

There are two internal firmware timers that control automatic offline data collection. The first
internal firmware timer is referred to as the Spin Timer. The Spin Timer accumulates the
number of hours the drive is powered on. Once this timer reaches 8 hours, an offline data
collection is said to be “pending.” The second internal firmware timer is referred to as the Idle
Timer. The Idle Timer accumulates the number of seconds since the drive has received a
command from the host. Once the Idle Timer reaches 15 seconds, a “pending” offline data
collection process begins. If an in-process automatic offline data collection process is
interrupted by a host command, the automatic offline data collection process will then resume
after 15 minutes of power on followed by 15 seconds of idle time. If the Standby Timer expires
while an offline scan is pending or already in progress, the scan will complete before the drive
spins down.

26 RELEASED 1/16/09 (WD CONFIDENTIAL) 2679-701205-A00

WD Scorpio ML160M AT Command Set

4.3 Identify Device (ECh)

The Identify Device command transfers 512 bytes of data that specify the drive’s parameters.
Table 4-5 lists the parameters read by the host.

Table 4-5. Identify Device Command

WORD FIELD DESCRIPTION VALUE

0 General Configuration 427Ah

1Obsolete 0

Specific Configuration

2

3Obsolete 0

4-5 Retired 0

6Obsolete 0

7-8 Reserved for assignment by the CompactFlash™ Association 0

9 Retired 0

10-19 Serial Number WDnnnnnnnn

20-21 Retired 0

22 Obsolete 0

23-26 Firmware Revision nnnn

27-46 Model Numbers

47

48 Reserved 0

49

50

51-52 Obsolete 0

C837h = Device does not require Set Feature

subcommand to spin-up and Identify Device
response is incomplete

Bit 15-8: 80h
Bit 7-0: 00h = Reserved

01h-FFh = Maximum number of logical sectors that shall

be transferred perDRQ data block on READ/
WRITE MULTIPLE command

Capabilities

Bit 15-14: Reserved for the IDENTIFY PACKET DEVICE

command.

Bit 13: 1 = Standby timer values as specified in this

standard are supported
0 = Standby timer values shall be managed by the
device

Bit 12: Reserved for the IDENTIFY PACKET DEVICE

command.

Bit 11: 1 = IORDY supported

0 = IORDY may be supported
Bit 10: 1 = IORDY may be disabled
Bit 9: 1 = LBA supported
Bit 8: 1 = DMA supported.
Bit 7-0: Retired

Capabilities

Bit 15: Shall be cleared to zero.
Bit 14: Shall be set to one.
Bit 13-2: Reserved.
Bit 1: Obsolete
Bit 0: Shall be set to one to indicate a device specific

Standby timer value minimum

““WDC WD800BEVE-nnnnnn”
“WDC WD1200BEVE-nnnnnn”
“WDC WD1600BEVE-nnnnnn”
“WDC WD2500BEVE-nnnnnn”
“WDC WD3200BEVE-nnnnnn”

C837h

8010h

2F00h

4001h

2679-701205-A00 RELEASED 1/16/09 (WD CONFIDENTIAL) 27

AT Command Set WD Scorpio ML160M

WORD FIELD DESCRIPTION VALUE

Additional Words Valid

Bit 15-8: Reserved for e06144
Bit 7-3: Reserved

53

54-58 Obsolete 0

59

60-61 Total number of user addressable logical sectors

62 Obsolete 0

63

64

65

66

67

68

69-70 Reserved 0

71-74 Reserved for the IDENTIFY PACKET DEVICE command. 0

75

76-79 Reserved 0

80

81 Minor Version Number 0000h

Bit 2: 1 = the fields reported in word 88 are valid

0 = the fields reported in word 88 are not valid

B i t 1 : 1 = t h e f i e l d s r e p o r t e d i n w o r d s ( 7 0 : 6 4 ) a r e v a l i d

0 = the fields reported in words (70:64) are not
valid

Bit 0: Obsolete

Current Blocking Factor

Bit 15-9: Reserved
Bit 8: If set, Multiple sector setting is valid
Bit 7-0: xxh = Current setting for number of logical

sectors that shall be transferred per DRQ data
block on READ/WRITE Multiple commands

Multi-Word DMA Transfer Mode Supported

Bit 15-11: Reserved
Bit 10: If set, Multiword DMA mode 2 is selected
Bit 9: If set, Multiword DMA mode 1 is selected
Bit 8: If set, Multiword DMA mode 0 is selected
Bit 7-3: Reserved
Bit 2: If set, Multiword DMA mode 2 is supported
Bit 1: If set, Multiword DMA mode 1 is supported
Bits 0: If set, Multiword DMA mode 0 is supported

Advanced PIO Modes Supported

Bit 15-8: Reserved
Bits 7-0: PIO Modes 3 and 4 supported

Min. Multiword DMA Transfer Cycle Time per word

Bit 15-0: Cycle time in nanoseconds

Manufacturer recommended multiword DMA transfer cycle
time

Bit 15-0: Cycle time in nanoseconds

Min. PIO Transfer Cycle Time without flow control

Bit 15-0: Cycle time in nanoseconds

Min. PIO Transfer Cycle Time with IORDY flow control

Bit 15-0: Cycle time in nanoseconds

Queue Depth

Bit 15-5: Reserved
Bit 4-0: Maximum queue depth - 1

Major Version Number

ATA-8 and below supported

0007h

0XXXh

“WDC WD800BEVE-nnnnnn”
“WDC WD1200BEVE-nnnnnn”
“WDC WD1600BEVE-nnnnnn”
“WDC WD2500BEVE-nnnnnn”
“WDC WD3200BEVE-nnnnnn”

XX07h

0003h

120

120

120

120

0000

01FEh

28 RELEASED 1/16/09 (WD CONFIDENTIAL) 2679-701205-A00

WD Scorpio ML160M AT Command Set

WORD FIELD DESCRIPTION VALUE

Command Set Supported

Bit 15: Obsolete
Bit 14: If set, NOP command supported
Bit 13: If set, Read Buffer command supported
Bit 12: If set, Write buffer command supported
Bit 11: Obsolete
Bit 10: If set, Host Protected Area Feature Set supported
Bit 9: If set, DEVICE RESET command supported

82

83

84

Bit 8: If set, SERVICE Interrupt supported
Bit 7: If set, Release Interrupt supported
Bit 6: If set, look-ahead supported
Bit 5: If set, Write Cache supported
Bit 4: Shall be cleared to zero to indicate that the PACKET

feature set is not supported.

Bit 3: If set, mandatory Power Management Feature Set

supported
Bit 2: Obsolete
Bit 1: Security Mode Feature Set supported
Bit 0: If set, SMART Feature Set supported

Command Set Supported

Bit 15: Shall be cleared to zero
Bit 14: Shall be set to one
Bit 13: If set, Flush Cache EXT command supported
Bit 12: If set, mandatory FLUSH CACHE command

supported
Bit 11: If set, Device Configuration Overlay feature set

supported
Bit 10: If set, 48-bit Address feature set supported
Bit 9: If set, Automatic Acoustic Management feature set

supported
Bit 8: If set, SET MAX security extension supported
Bit 7: See Address Offset Reserved Area Boot, INCITS

TR27:2001
Bit 6: If set, SET FEATURES subcommand required to

spin-up after power-up
Bit 5: If set, Power-Up In Standby feature set supported
Bit 4: Obsolete
Bit 3: If set, Advanced Power Management feature set

supported
Bit 2: If set, CFA feature set supported
Bit 1: If set, READ/WRITE DMA QUEUED supported
Bit 0: If set, DOWNLOAD MICROCODE command

supported

Command Set / Feature Supported

Bit 15: Shall be cleared to zero
Bit 14: Shall be set to one
Bit 13: If set, IDLE IMMEDIATE with UNLOAD FEATURE

supported
Bit 12: Reserved for technical report INCITS TR-37-2004

(TLC)
Bit 11: Reserved for technical report INCITS TR-37-2004

(TLC)
Bit 10-9: Obsolete
Bit 8: If set, 64-bit World wide name supported
Bit 7: If set, WRITE DMA QUEUED FUA EXT command

supported
Bit 6: If set, WRITE DMA FUA EXT and WRITE MULTIPLE

FUA EXT commands supported
Bit 5: If set, General Purpose Logging feature set

supported
Bit 4: If set, Streaming feature set supported
Bit 3: If set, Media Card Pass Through Command feature

set supported
Bit 2: If set, Media serial number supported
Bit 1: If set, SMART self-test supported
Bit 0: If set, SMART error logging supported

0111010001101011b

0111111100001001b

0100000100100011b

2679-701205-A00 RELEASED 1/16/09 (WD CONFIDENTIAL) 29

AT Command Set WD Scorpio ML160M

WORD FIELD DESCRIPTION VALUE

Command Set / Feature Enabled

Bit 15: Obsolete
Bit 14: If set, NOP command supported
Bit 13: If set, READ BUFFER command supported
Bit 12: If set, WRITE BUFFER command supported
Bit 11: Obsolete
Bit 10: If set, Host Protected Area has been established
Bit 9: If set, DEVICE RESET command supported

85

86

87

Bit 8: If set, SERVICE interrupt enabled
Bit 7: If set, release interrupt enabled
Bit 6: If set, look-ahead enabled
Bit 5: If set, write cache enabled
Bit 4: Shall be cleared to zero to indicate that the PACKET

feature set is not supported.
Bit 3: If set, Power Management feature set enabled
Bit 2: Obsolete
Bit 1: If set, Security Mode feature set enabled
Bit 0: If set, SMART feature set enabled

Command Set / Feature Enabled

Bit 15: If set, Words 119-120 are valid
Bit 14: Reserved
Bit 13: If set, FLUSH CACHE EXT command supported
Bit 12: If set, FLUSH CACHE command supported
Bit 11: If set, Device Configuration Overlay supported
Bit 10: If set, 48-bit Address features set supported
Bit 9: If set, Automatic Acoustic Management feature set

enabled
Bit 8: If set, SET MAX security extension enabled by SET

MAX SET PASSWORD
Bit 7: Reserved for Address Offset Reserved Area Boot,

INCITS TR27:2001
Bit 6: If set, SET FEATURES subcommand required to

spin-up after power-up
Bit 5: If set, Power-Up In Standby feature set enabled
Bit 4: Obsolete
Bit 3: If set, Advanced Power Management feature set

enabled
Bit 2: If set, CFA feature set supported
Bit 1: If set, READ/WRITE DMA QUEUED command

supported
Bit 0: If set, DOWNLOAD MICROCODE command

supported

Command Set / Feature Default

Bit 15: Shall be cleared to zero
Bit 14: Shall be set to one
Bit 13: If set, IDLE IMMEDIATE with UNLOAD FEATURE

supported
Bit 12: Reserved for technical report- INCITS TR-37-2004

(TLC)
Bit 11: Reserved for technical report- INCITS TR-37-2004

(TLC)
Bit 10-9: Obsolete
Bit 8: If set, 64 bit World wide name supported
Bit 7: If set, WRITE DMA QUEUED FUA EXT command

supported
Bit 6: If set, WRITE DMA FUA EXT and WRITE MULTIPLE

FUA EXT commands supported
Bit 5: If set, General Purpose Logging feature set

supported
Bit 4: Obsolete
Bit 3: If set, Media Card Pass Through Command feature

set supported
Bit 2: If set, Media serial number is valid
Bit 1: If set, SMART self-test supported
Bit 0: If set, SMART error logging supported

01110X0XXXX010XXb

001111X000XXX001b

0110000100100011b

30 RELEASED 1/16/09 (WD CONFIDENTIAL) 2679-701205-A00

WD Scorpio ML160M AT Command Set

WORD FIELD DESCRIPTION VALUE

Ultra ATA

Bit 14: If set, Ultra DMA Mode 6 is selected
Bit 13: If set, Ultra DMA Mode 5 is selected
Bit 12: If set, Ultra DMA Mode 4 is selected
Bit 11: If set, Ultra DMA Mode 3 is selected
Bit 10: If set, Ultra DMA Mode 2 is selected
Bit 9: If set, Ultra DMA Mode 1 is selected

88

89 Time required for security erase unit completion 0

90 Time required for Enhanced security erase completion 0

91 Current advanced power management value 0

92 Master Password Identifier XXXXh

93 Hardware Reset Results 0

94

95-99 Not supported 0

100-103 Maximum user LBA for 48-bit Address Feature Set

104-107 Not supported 0

108-111 Reserved 0

112-127 Not supported 0

128

129-159 Vendor Specific 0

160 Not supported 0

161-175 Reserved for CompactFlash™ Association 0

176-205 Not supported 0

206

207-254 Reserved 0

255

Bit 8: If set, Ultra DMA Mode 0 is selected
Bit 7: Reserved
Bit 6: Ultra DMA mode 6 and below are supported
Bit 5: Ultra DMA mode 5 and below are supported
Bit 4: Ultra DMA mode 4 and below are supported
Bit 3: Ultra DMA mode 3 and below are supported
Bit 2: Ultra DMA mode 2 and below are supported
Bit 1: Ultra DMA mode 1 and below are supported
Bit 0: Ultra DMA mode 0 supported

Automatic Acoustic Management

Bits 15-8: Recommended Acoustic Management value
Bit 7-0: Current Automatic Acoustic Management value
80h = Acoustic Mode
FEh = Performance Mode

Security Mode Status

Bit 15-9: Reserved
Bit 8: Security level 0 = High, 1 = Maximum
Bit 7-6: Reserved
Bit 5: If set, Enhanced security erase supported
Bit 4: If set, Security count expired
Bit 3: If set, Security frozen
Bit 2: If set, Security locked
Bit 1: If set, Security enabled
Bit 0: If set, Security supported

SCT Version

Bit 15-6: Reserved
Bit 5: If set, SCT Date Table supported
Bit 4: If set, Features Control supported
Bit 3: If set, Error Recovery Control supported
Bit 2: If set, LBA Segment Access supported
Bit 1: If set, Long Sector Access supported
Bit 0: If set, SCT Feature Set supported

Integrity Word

Bit 15-8: Checksum of Identify Device Data
Bit 7-0: Signature

0XXXXXXX00111111b

80XXh

WD800BEVE (156,301,488)
WD1200BEVE (234,441,648)
WD1600BEVE (312,581,808)
WD2500BEVE (488,397,168)
WD3200BEVE (625,142,448)

0000000X000XXXX1b

0010000000111111b

XXA5h

2679-701205-A00 RELEASED 1/16/09 (WD CONFIDENTIAL) 31

AT Command Set WD Scorpio ML160M

4.4 Set Features (EFh)

The Set Features command enables or disables the features listed in the following table. Do
not enable Mode 3 or Mode 4 PIO if the host system does not support I/O channel ready.

FUNCTION FEATURES REGISTER SECTOR COUNT REGISTER

Enable read cache
Disable read cache
Enable write cache
Disable write cache
Select extended byte ECC mode
Select 4 byte ECC mode
PIO Default Mode
Disable IORDY
Enable Mode 3 PIO
Enable Mode 4 PIO
Enable Multi-Word DMA Mode 0
Enable Multi-Word DMA Mode 1
Enable Multi-Word DMA Mode 2
Enable Ultra ATA Mode 0
Enable Ultra ATA Mode 1
Enable Ultra ATA Mode 2
Enable Ultra ATA Mode 3
Enable Ultra ATA Mode 4
Enable Ultra ATA Mode 5
Set Acoustic Mode
Set Performance Mode
Disable Automatic Acoustic Management

1

Changes are only valid while power remains applied to the drive. After power is cycled, the drive reverts to

the default settings.

2

Changes are valid through power cycles and hard resets.

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1

1
1

1
1

1
1
1
1
1
1
1

2

2

2

AAh Don’t care

55h Don’t care
02h Don’t care
82h Don’t care
44h Don’t care

BBh Don’t care

03h 00h
03h 01h
03h 0Bh
03h 0Ch
03h 20h
03h 21h
03h 22h
03h 40h
03h 41h
03h 42h
03h 43h
03h 44h
03h 45h
42h 80h
42h FEh

C2h Don’t Care

32 RELEASED 1/16/09 (WD CONFIDENTIAL) 2679-701205-A00

WD Scorpio ML160M Installation and Setup Procedures

5.0 INSTALLATION AND SETUP PROCEDURES

Hard drives are precision instruments that must be handled with care to prevent damage. It is
important to understand that drives are typically damaged due to electrostatic discharge (ESD), rough
handling, or shock and vibration. Refer to the WD Drive Handling Guide (part number 2579-001027)
for detailed instructions on all phases of drive handling.

5.1 Unpacking

5.1.1 Handling Precautions

WD products are designed to withstand normal handling during unpacking and installation.
Take care to avoid excessive mechanical shock or electrostatic discharge (ESD), which can
permanently damage the hard drive and void the warranty. Hard drives are typically damaged
because of ESD, rough handling, or shock and vibration.

To avoid ESD problems, wear a properly grounded wrist strap when handling the hard drive.
Articles of clothing generate static electricity. Do not allow clothing to come in direct contact
with the hard drive or circuit board components.

When the drive is not in its shipping container or installed in its proper host enclosure, it must
remain in the antistatic bag. To prevent damage, do not unpack your drive until you are ready
to install it.

5.1.2 Inspection of Shipping Container

Carefully examine the container for obvious shipping damage, such as: holes, signs of
crushing, or stains. Notify the carrier and your WD representative if you observe any shipment
damage. Always move the shipping container in the upright position indicated by the arrows
on the container.

5.1.3 Removal From Shipping Container

Remove the drive from the shipping container only for inspection or installation. Carefully open
the box. When removing the drive from the box, follow these precautions:

 Grasp the drive by the sides only; avoid touching the circuit board components.
 Gently place the drive on its antistatic bag on a clean, level, grounded work area.
 Do not stack drives or stand the drive on its edge.

CAUTION:When removing the drive from the shipping container, be careful not

to drop it. Dropping the drive can severely damage the head disk
assembly or printed circuit board.

Figure 5-1. Drive Handling Precautions

2679-701205-A00 RELEASED 1/16/09 (WD CONFIDENTIAL) 33

Installation and Setup Procedures WD Scorpio ML160M

5.1.4 Removal From Static Shielding Bag

Before removing the drive from its static shielding bag:

 Make sure that your work station is properly grounded.
 Wear a properly grounded wrist strap with good skin contact.
 Avoid contact with any component on the printed circuit board.

Figure 5-2. Hard Drive Removal From Static Shielding Bag

After attaching your wrist strap, gently remove the drive from the static shielding bag.

 Handle the drive by the sides only; avoid touching the printed circuit board.
 Handle the drive with the printed circuit board facing downward during installation.
 The unit should not be moved during drive activity.
 The unit is not intended as a portable device.
 Do not attempt to open the drive and service it yourself. Removing the cover may expose

you to harmful electrical voltages and will void the warranty.

 To allow ventilation, do not block the air slots on the underside and rear of the enclosure.
 Do not remove the tape seal or any labels from the drive; this will void the warranty.

5.1.5 Moving Precautions

If you need to move your computer, turn off the power to automatically park the heads. Parking
moves the heads to a safe, non-data landing zone where they lock into place. This helps
protect the media and the heads from accidental damage due to vibration, moving, or
shipping.

5.2 Mounting Restrictions

Important: Your system must be turned off and unplugged before installing your hard drive.

5.2.1 Orientation

You can mount the hard drive in the X, Y, or Z axis, depending upon the physical design of
your system. For best results, mount the drive with all four screws grounded to the chassis. If
all four screws are not used, see "Grounding" on page 35.

5.2.2 Screw Size Limitations

The hard drive is mounted to the chassis using four M 3.0 screws. Recommended screw
torque is 5-6 lbf-in.

CAUTION:Screws that are too long damage circuit board components. Side

mounted screws should engage 3.0 mm MAX. Bottom mounted
screws should engage 2.5 mm MAX.

34 RELEASED 1/16/09 (WD CONFIDENTIAL) 2679-701205-A00

WD Scorpio ML160M Installation and Setup Procedures

5.2.3 Grounding

For best results, mount the drive with all four screws in the side grounded to the chassis
(positions A, C, D, and B below). You must ground the drive with at least one mounting screw.

Figure 5-3. Grounding Diagram

Side Mounting – Use four metal screws in A, C, D, and B. If less than four screws are used,

remove in this order: C, D, and then B. You must use a screw in position A.

Top face Mounting–Use four metal screws in 1, 2, 3, and 4. If less than four screws are used,
remove in this order: 2, 4, and then 3. You must use a screw in position 1.

2679-701205-A00 RELEASED 1/16/09 (WD CONFIDENTIAL) 35

Installation and Setup Procedures WD Scorpio ML160M

5.3 Jumper Settings

The WD Scorpio drive has a jumper block (J2) located next to the 44-pin connector on the
drive. You can jumper the WD Scorpio drive as either a single/master drive, slave drive, or
Cable Select drive.

Single Drive Mode (Default Setting)

If you are installing the drive as the only hard drive in the system, no jumper is required.

Cable Select (CSEL)

Place a jumper shunt on pins D-B to enable this option. When enabled, the drive address is 0
(Master) if CSEL is low, or 1 (Slave) if CSEL is high. This option requires special support in
your system hardware. Do not install the CSEL jumper shunt when installing the drive in

systems that do not support the CSEL feature.

Cable Select jumpering requires several conditions:

 Drives jumpered as CSEL
 A CSEL cable must be used
 The host must support CSEL

Dual Drive Mode

If you have a dual installation (two hard drives), you must designate one of the drives as the
slave drive. The jumper pins on the J2 connector need to be configured for the dual
installation.

Master Drive Mode – To designate the drive as the master, remove all jumpers.

Slave Drive Mode – To designate the drive as the slave, place a jumper shunt on pins A-B.

Reduced Power Spinup (RPS) Mode

Implementation of RPS requires a jumper to be added to the 4-pin jumper block on the WD
Scorpio drive. To configure the drive for RPS mode, place a jumper shunt on pins C-B as
shown in Figure 5-4 below. A 2.54 mm mini jumper shunt (low profile) is required. This jumper
shunt is available from suppliers such as Gradconn (www.gradconn.com, part number BB02­QA).

Figure 5-4. Jumper Settings for WD Scorpio Hard Drives

36 RELEASED 1/16/09 (WD CONFIDENTIAL) 2679-701205-A00

WD Scorpio ML160M Maintenance

6.0 MAINTENANCE

The hard drive requires no preventative maintenance and contains no user-serviceable parts. The
service and repair of WD drives can only be performed at a WD Service Center. Please contact your
WD representative for warranty information and service/return procedures.

Observe the following precautions to prolong the life of the drive:

 Do not attempt to open the sealed compartment of the WD drive as this will void the warranty.

 Do not lift a WD drive by the printed circuit board.

 Avoid static discharge when handling a WD drive.

 Avoid harsh shocks or vibrations.

 Do not touch the components on the printed circuit board.

 Do not obstruct or cover any holes on the drive’s cover. Air must be able to pass through these

holes to the external air filter for normal operation of the drive.

 Observe the environmental limits specified for this product.

 If it becomes necessary to move your computer system, turn off the power to automatically park

the heads. Parking the heads moves them to a safe, non-data landing zone and locks them into
place. This helps protect the media and the heads from accidental damage due to vibration while
moving or shipping.

 To protect your data, back it up regularly. WD assumes no responsibility for loss of data. For

information about back-up and restore procedures, consult your operating system manual. There
are also a number of utility programs available that you can use to back up your data.

2679-701205-A00 RELEASED 1/16/09 (WD CONFIDENTIAL) 37

Technical Support WD Scorpio ML160M

7.0 TECHNICAL SUPPORT

NORTH AMERICA

US/Canada

Monday - Thursday 9:00 am - 7:00 pm

Friday 9:00 am - 5:00 pm

Saturday 8:00 am - 5:00 pm

EUROPE

Central European Time (CET) +31.20.4467651

Monday - Thursday 9:30 am - 12:00 noon

Friday 9:30 am - 12:00 noon

(Central Time)

7.1 WD Online Services

WD provides a wide variety of technical support services on our Internet site at support.wdc.com.

800.ASK.4WDC

1:00 pm - 5:30 pm

1:00 pm - 4:00 pm

38 RELEASED 1/16/09 (WD CONFIDENTIAL) 2679-701205-A00

WD Scorpio ML160M Glossary

8.0 GLOSSARY

Annualized Failure Rate (AFR) - A method of measuring failure rates or trends for a group of units

at a site. The rates are based on the monthly total number of returned field failure units divided by the
total cumulative installed base and multiplied by 12 (to annualize the failure rate).

Automatic Defect Retirement - If defective sectors are found during a read or write, they are
automatically mapped out and relocated.

Block - A group of bytes handled, stored, and accessed as a logical data unit, such as an individual
file record.

Buffer - A temporary data storage area that compensates for a difference in data transfer rates and/or
data processing rates between sender and receiver.

Data Lifeguard™ — Representing WD's ongoing commitment to data protection, Data Lifeguard data
protection utilities include thermal management, an environmental protection system, and embedded
error detection and repair features that automatically detect, isolate, and repair problem areas that may
develop over the extended use of the hard drive.

Data Transfer Rate -The rate that digital data is transferred from one point to another, expressed in
bits per second or bytes per second.

 Data Transfer Rate to Disk: The internal disk transfer rate in Mbits per second.

 Data Transfer Rate from the Buffer to the Host: Based on the transfer of buffered data in MB per

second.

Defect Management -A general methodology of eliminating data errors on a recording surface by
mapping out known bad areas of the media.

ECC On-the-Fly -A hardware correction technique that corrects errors in the read buffer prior to host
transfer without any performance penalties. These error corrections are invisible to the host system
because they do not require assistance from the drive’s firmware.

Enhanced IDE (EIDE) - Expands upon an industry accepted standard to meet the needs of improved
processor speeds and bus technologies. It improves device support, provides greater than 528 MB
capacity, increases data transfer rates, and provides support for non-hard drive peripherals (such as
CD-ROMs).

Error Correction Code (ECC) -A mathematical algorithm that can detect and correct errors in a data
field by adding check bits to the original data.

F.I.T. (Functional Integrity Testing) - A suite of tests WD performs on all its drive products to
ensure compatibility with different hosts, operating systems, application programs, and peripherals.
This testing must be performed before the product can be released to manufacturing.

Fluid Dynamic Bearings (FDB) - Bearing design that incorporates a layer of high-viscosity lubricant
instead of ball bearings in the hard drive spindle motor. As an alternative to conventional ball bearing
technology, FDB designs provide increased non-operational shock resistance, speed control, and
improved acoustics.

Formatted Capacity - The actual capacity available to store data in a mass storage device. The
formatted capacity is the gross capacity minus the capacity taken up by the overhead data required for
formatting the media.

Hot Plugging - The ability to swap out a failed hard drive without having to power down the system or
reboot.

Landing Zone - The heads move to this location on the inner cylinders following a Park command.
User data is not stored at this location.

Latency - The period of time that the read/write heads wait for the disk to rotate the data to an
accessible position. For a disk rotating at 5400 RPM, the average latency is 5.5 milliseconds.

2679-701205-A00 RELEASED 1/16/09 (WD CONFIDENTIAL) 39

WD Scorpio ML160M Index

INDEX

—A—

Acoustics, 10, 12
Active LED Status, 22
Activity indication, 23
Actuator Type, 4
Agency Approvals, 12
Annualized Failure Rate, 45
Atmospheric Pressure, 10
Automatic Acoustic Management (AAM), 25
Automatic Defect Retirement, 19

—B—

Buffer Size, 3
Bytes per Sector, 4

—C—

CacheFlow6, 23
Commands

SCT, 28
Component Design Life, 10
Cooling, 10

Airflow, 10
Current Requirements, 7

—I—

Input Voltage Requirements, 8
Installation and Setup, 39
Interleave, 3
Internal Environmental Protection System, 18

—J—

Jumper Settings, 42

Jumper Settings Diagram, 42

—L—

Latency, 3
LED

active status, 22

activity indication, 23
Load/unload cycles, 3
Logical Block Addressing

48-bit, 24

—M—

Maintenance, 43
Model number specification, 12
Mounting Restrictions

Orientation, 40

Screw Size Limitations, 40

—D—

Data Lifeguard, 17
Data Surfaces, 4
Data Transfer Rate, 3
Defect Management, 18
Device Plug Connector Pin Definitions, 11
Dimensions, 5

—E—

ECC, 4
Error Rate, 3
Error Recovery Process, 19

—F—

Fluid Dynamic Bearings (FDB), 23
Full Stroke Seek, 3

—G—

Glossary, 45
Grounding, 41

—H—

Host Interface Commands, 26

Identify Drive, 32
S.M.A.R.T., 28
Set Features, 38

Hot Plug Support, 20

—P—

Perpendicular Magnetic Recording (PMR), 14
Power Conservation, 24
Power Dissipation, 7, 9

—R—

Read Cache, 24
Recording Method, 4
Reduced Power Spinup (RPS), 15
Reliability features set, 17
Ripple, 8
RoHS (Restriction of Hazardous Substances), 10
Rotational Speed, 3
RPM, 3

—S—

S.M.A.R.T., 24
S.M.A.R.T. Command Transport (SCT), 16
SATA 1.5 Gb/s, 14
SATA 3 Gb/s, 14
SCT, 16
SCT commands, 28
SCT feature set

read/write long, 16

temperature reporting, 16

write same, 16
Security Mode, 25

Passwords, 25

Security Levels, 25

2679-701205-A00 RELEASED 1/16/09 (WD CONFIDENTIAL) 47

Index WD Scorpio ML160M

Seek Time, 3
Servo Type, 4
Shock, 8
Specifications, 3

Electrical, 7
Environmental, 8
Mechanical, 6
Performance, 3
Physical, 4

Reliability, 10
Spindle Start Time, 3
Staggered Spinup, 23
System-on-Chip (SOC), 15

—T—

Technical Support, 44

Online Services, 44
Temperature

airflow, 10

cooling, 10

thermocouple location, 9
Temperature and Humidity, 9
Thermal Management, 17
Thermocouple location, 9
Track-to-Track, 3

—U—

Unpacking

Container Inspection, 39

Drive Removal - Container, 39

Drive Removal - Static Shielding Bag, 40

Handling Precautions, 39

Moving Precautions, 40
User Sectors per Drive, 4

—V—

Vibration, 8

—W—

Write Cache, 24

48 RELEASED 1/16/09 (WD CONFIDENTIAL) 2679-701205-A00

Western Digital
20511 Lake Forest Drive
Lake Forest, CA 92630
U.S.A.

For service and literature:

support.wdc.com

www.westerndigital.com

ASK.4WDC North America

800.

800.832.4778 Spanish
+800.6008.6008 Asia Pacific

00800.27549338 Europe (toll free where available)
+31.880062100 Europe/Middle East/Africa

2679-701205-A00
Jan 2009

WD CONFIDENTIAL