Volvo VN, VHD User Manual

Volvo Trucks North America, Inc.

Greensboro, NC USA

This Service Bulletin replaces Service Bulletin 371–44,
“Data Links, Fault Tracing” (11.2002), publication number
PV776–TSP177224.

Data Links, Fault Tracing

Service Bulletin

Trucks

Date Group No. Page

12.2004 371 44 1(25)

Data links, fault tracing

VN, VHD VERSION2

From build date 11.2002

T3015830

Contents

“Data Links, Fault Tracing” page 3
“Terminating Resistor, Checking” page 13
“J1708 Information Link, Fault Tracing” page 14
“J1939 Control Link, Fault Tracing” page 16

PV776-20020644 USA16430

Volvo Trucks North America, Inc. Date Group No. Page
Service Bulletin 12.2004 371 44 2(25)

Tools

Special Tools

9990008

Set of Test Pins

9998699

Breakout Box 62 Pin

J-38125-8

Wire Crimpers

9990062

Cable Extension

J-39200

Digital Multimeter (DMM)

J-42449

JAE Terminal Probes

Volvo Trucks North America, Inc. Date Group No. Page
Service Bulletin 12.2004 371 44 3(25)

Troubleshooting

Data Links, Fault Tracing

General Troubleshooting Procedures

The control units share information via two different data links “information link SAE
J1587/1708” and “control link SAE J1939”

The messages on the SAE J1587/1708 information link are for example, fault codes and
warning messages. In some cases the SAE J1587/1708 link also acts as a reserve for
SAE J1939. VCADS Pro only communicates on SAE J1587/1708.

SAE J1939 is a faster link which means more data can be transmitted. SAE J1939
is used to transmit data that the system uses for control functions, for example,
engine speed (rpm).

Checks:

“J1708 Information Link, Fault Tracing” page 14

•

“J1939 Control Link, Fault Tracing” page 16

•

Use Multimeter J-39200 (or equivalent tool) to perform

•

tests.
When troubleshooting wiring and connectors use

•

breakout boxes/harnesses when available. A list
of various breakout boxes/harnesses is included in
“Special Tools” page 2.

Never pierce the wiring insulation with test probes.

•

Do not pierce through seals on water-resistant

•

connectors.
Never insert test probes into connectors. The probes

•

may spread the terminals and cause intermittent faults.
If breakout boxes/harnesses are not available, contact

•

the metal outer edges of connector terminals as
necessary to take readings.

Consult “VN or VHD Series Electrical Schematics” in

•

Group 37 for vehicle specific wiring and connector
information. These schematics include pin-out and
vehicle location drawings for connectors.

Volvo Trucks North America, Inc. Date Group No. Page
Service Bulletin 12.2004 371 44 4(25)

Visual Inspection

Before beginning electrical checks, visually inspect the
wiring and connectors.

Inspect for corrosion in wiring or connectors.

•

Check that terminal pins are not bent or damaged, and

•

are locked into their connectors and properly crimped.
Check that the terminal pins make good mechanical

•

contact with their mating pin.
To help locate intermittent faults, wiggle the wire and

•

connector while testing.

Wiring and Connectors

Troubleshooting data link wiring is no different than
troubleshooting any other wiring. A DMM is used to take
measurements for resistance or voltage at various points
in the circuit. Based on those readings and working with
wiring schematics, the technician can narrow the search
area until theexactcause of a wiring failure is determined.

For general information about how to troubleshoot the
wiring and connectors see "Troubleshooting Wiring and
Connectors" found in the "Electrical General, VN and
VHD" manual in group 30.

Volvo Trucks North America, Inc. Date Group No. Page
Service Bulletin 12.2004 371 44 5(25)

Data links

Note: Not all modules will be present

in every vehicle.

MID 128 Engine ECU
MID 136 Anti-lock Brake (ABS)

ECU

MID 140 Instrument Cluster
MID 142 Satellite

Communications

MID 144 Vehicle ECU
MID 146 Climate control ECU
MID 206 Radio
MID 216 Lighting Control

Module

MID 232 Airbag, control unit
MID 249 Body builder module
MID 250 Steering Wheel

Module

W3005654

J1939–1 Main network SAE

J1939

J1939–3 Section ofSAE J1939

under the instrument
cluster

J1939–4 Section ofSAE J1939

under the bodybuilder
control unit

Volvo Trucks North America, Inc. Date Group No. Page
Service Bulletin 12.2004 371 44 6(25)

SAE J1587/1708

For checking see “J1708 Information Link, Fault Tracing” page 14.

SAE J1587/1708 is used for, amongst other things, transmitting fault code information.
Faults which can affect the entire SAE J1587/1708 datalink can create problems when
fault tracing, since it can be difficult to communicate with the source in order to carry out
tests using VCADS pro. A simple way of checking if VCADS pro is in contact with all
control units on the SAE J1587/1708 link is “17034-2 Vehicle information, test”. An
indication that there is a problem with SAE J1587/1708 can be that fault codes from a
certain control unit can not be corrected.

There are various types of errors that store fault codes for the SAE J1587/1708 link
(SID 250). If a control unit is able to store a fault code then the faultmore than likely is
associated with faulty wiring, connectors or sensors. The fault could be an open-circuit
or short-circuit in the cable harness in one or more places. In order to determine an
open-circuit in the cable harness, check the voltage levels at each control unit. See
“J1708 Information Link, Fault Tracing” page 14.

Fault codes in the SAE J1587/1708 link (SID 250) can also be caused by another control
unit not transmitting information. The reason for this can be due to faults in components
connected to the other control unit. Therefore, all other fault codes must be corrected
before starting the datalink fault tracing process.

List of MID numbers

Note: Not all MIDs will be present on every vehicle.

MID 128 Engine ECU
MID 130 Transmission control unit
MID 136 Anti-lock Brake (ABS) ECU
MID 140 Instrument Cluster
MID 142 Satellite Communications
MID 144 Vehicle ECU
MID 146 Climate control ECU
MID 172 Test tool, ie. VCADS PRO
MID 206 Radio
MID 216 Lighting Control Module
MID 219 VORAD/ACC
MID 232 Airbag, control unit
MID 249 Body builder module (BBM)
MID 250 Steering Wheel Module

Volvo Trucks North America, Inc. Date Group No. Page
Service Bulletin 12.2004 371 44 7(25)

SAE J1939

For checking see “J1939 Control Link, Fault Tracing” page 16.

The information on the SAE J1939 control link is used for control functions. Therefore,
the diagnostics for SAE J1939 have been developed and supplemented with more fault
codes for a more precise reading. The fault codes that are transmitted on the SAE
J1587/1708 link are also transmitted, in the event of more serious faults, on the SAE
J1939 link.

If control unit A is missing the message from another control unit B, the fault codes
PSID 200 - 214 are used to determine from which control unit the message is missing.
If control unit B loses contact with the link, other control units can store fault codes
indicating control unit B has lost communications.

Example:

If there is an open - circuit on the SAE J1939 link at the vehicle ECU (MID 144), PC
connector, the message from the vehicleECU does not reach the other control units on
SAE J1939. The instrument cluster and ABS ECU use the messages from the vehicle
ECU. The instrument cluster and ABS ECU store fault codes when the message is not
received. The instrument cluster stores fault codes “MID 140 PSID 201 FMI 9” and the
ABS ECU stores “MID 136 PSID 201 FMI 9”.

PSID 201 is stored by both the instrument cluster and ABS ECU which indicates that the
vehicle control has an interruption in the SAE J-1939 data link. This can be useful in
order to find faults on the data link. If there is a fault in the cable harness the fact that
there is still contact between certain control units can be used to eliminate sections
of the cable harness. In the event of certain errors in the SAE J1939 link the fault
codes are stored as a SID 231 message.

Note: It is important to remember which control units the vehicle is equipped with and
which fault codes are stored in each control unit.

Explanation of PSID 200-214

Note: Not all controlunits will be presenton every vehicle.

PSID 200 Open-circuit, bad data, data link, engine

control unit (MID 128)

PSID 201 Open-circuit, bad data, data link, vehicle

ECU (MID 144)

PSID 202 Open-circuit, data link, instrument

cluster (MID 140)

PSID 204 Open-circuit, data link, ABS ECU (MID

136)

PSID 210 Open-circuit, data link, Lighting Control

Module(LCM) (MID 216)

PSID 214 Open-circuit, data link, body builder

module (MID 249)

Volvo Trucks North America, Inc. Date Group No. Page
Service Bulletin 12.2004 371 44 8(25)

Data Link Construction

1 Data link backbone
2 Terminating resistors
3 Stub connections for ECUs
4 Diagnostic connector

The J1939 Control Data Link consistsof a backbone(1), terminating resistors(2) at each
end, and stubs spliced out (3) for each ECU on the data link. On vehicles with Volvo
engines, the terminating resistor at the engine end is located inside the Engine ECU.

The J1939 Control Data Link complies with SAE standards and consists of 2 twisted
wires:

Wire 406 is yellow in color and carries the Controller Area Network high (CAN_H)

•

digital signal of approximately 2–5 volts.
Wire 407 is green in color and carries the Controller Area Network low (CAN_L)

•

digital signal of approximately 0–3 volts.

5 Chassis harness — engine harness in-line connector

W3005333

6 Chassis harness — cab harness bulkhead pass-through

connector