Please read this manual carefully, and also take
note of country-specific installation standards
(e.g. the VDE regulations in Germany) as well
as all prevailing safety regulations and accident prevention rules.
For safety and warranty reasons, any internal
work on the instruments, apart from that involved in normal installation and electrical connection, must be carried out only by qualified
VEGA personnel.
VEGAPULS 56 Profibus PA3
Note Ex area
Please note the attached safety instructions
containing important information on installation
and operation in Ex areas.
These safety instructions are part of the operating instructions and come with the Ex approved instruments.
1 Product description
Level measurement of high temperature
processes or products with high temperatures was previously very difficult or even
impossible. If such measurement also had to
be done under high pressure, there was
practically no measuring system available at
all, let alone a non-contact measurement
system with good measuring accuracy.
Up to now, levels in distillation and stripper
columns (e.g. of sump, plate or head products) could usually only be measured by
pressure transmitters or differential pressure
measurements. The installation required for
such pressure measuring systems (pressure
cables, pressure transmitters…) is considerable and expensive, often amounting to several times the value of the sensor itself. Because of the lack of suitable alternatives,
instrumentation departments have not only
had to accept this fact, but also the high
maintenance costs (cleaning of measuring
pipes, errors by condensation, buildup on
the diaphragm…) and the often inadequate
accuracy (temperature errors, density fluctuations, installation faults…).
In the petrochemical industry, the requirements for a non-contact level sensor are
therefore the following:
• independent of pressure and temperature
• process temperature up to 400°C
• process pressure up to 64 bar
• high resistance wetted parts for universal
use
• accuracy 0.1 %
• rugged metal housing
• Ex approved (available in EEx d and EEx
ia)
• loop-powered as well as usable in digital
networks
This initial set of requirements defined the
development goals for the VEGAPULS 56
series, a high-temperature radar level measuring system. The series represents a completely new development of high-temperature
radar sensors for temperatures up to 400°C
and pressures up to 64 bar.
Product description
These sensors would not have been possible
without the recent new results of materials
research and production technology. A
specially developed ceramic (with highfrequency properties similar to those of the
plastics normally used) is used as coupling
material. As opposed to plastic, this ceramic
has a very high chemical and thermal resistance.
The sensor materials in contact with the process are all highly resistant. This refers not so
much to the flange material of high-alloy
stainless steel (1.4571 or superior), as to the
specially developed ceramic (Al
components connecting it. The ceramic rod
receives the radar signals from the highfrequency module and acts with its coneshaped end as emitter and receiver. The seal
between stainless steel flange and ceramic
rod is made with a Tantalum seal ring.
) and the
2O3
1.1 Function
Radio detecting and ranging: Radar.
VEGAPULS radar sensors are used for noncontact and continuous distance measurement. The measured distance corresponds
to a filling height and is outputted as level.
Measuring principle:
emission – reflection – reception
Extremely small 5.8 GHz radar signals are
emitted from the antenna of the radar sensor
as short pulses. The radar impulses reflected
by the sensor environment and the product
are received by the antenna as radar echoes. The running period of the radar impulses from emission to reception is
proportional to the distance and hence to the
level.
4VEGAPULS 56 Profibus PA
Product description
Meas. distance
emission - reflection - reception
The radar impulses are emitted by the antenna system as impulse packets with a
pulse duration of 1 ns and pulse intervals of
278 ns; this corresponds to a pulse package
frequency of 3.6 MHz. In the impulse intervals, the antenna system operates as receiver. Signal running periods of less than
one billionth of a second must be processed
and the echo image evaluated in a fraction of
a second.
Through this, it is possible for VEGAPULS
series 56 radar sensors to process the slowmotion pictures of the sensor environment
precisely and in detail in cycles of 0.5 to 1
second without using time-consuming frequency analysis (e.g. FMCW, required by
other radar techniques).
Virtually all products can be measured
Radar signals display physical properties
similar to those of visible light. According to
the quantum theory, they propagate through
empty space. Hence, they are not dependent on a conductive medium (air), and
spread out like light at the speed of light.
Radar signals react to two basic electrical
properties:
- the electrical conductivity of a substance
- the dielectric constant of a substance.
All products which are electrically conductive
reflect radar signals very well. Even slightly
conductive products ensure a sufficient reflection for a reliable measurement.
1 ns
278 ns
Pulse sequence
VEGAPULS radar sensors can achieve this
through a special time transformation procedure which spreads out the more than 3.6
million echo images per second in a slowmotion picture, then freezes and processes
them.
All products with a dielectric constant ε
more than 2.0 reflect radar impulses sufficiently (note: air has a dielectric constant ε
1).
%
50
40
30
20
10
5 %
5
0
2
4 6 812 14 16 18
0
25 %
10
40 %
20
of
r
r
ε
r
Reflected radar power dependent on the dielectric
constant of the measured product
t
t
Time transformation
VEGAPULS 56 Profibus PA5
of
Product description
The signal reflection grows stronger with
increasing product conductivity or dielectric
constant. Hence virtually all products can be
measured.
With standard flanges of DN 50 to DN 250,
ANSI 2“ to ANSI 10“ the sensor antenna systems can be adapted to various products
and measuring environments. The highquality materials of the sensors can also
withstand extreme chemical and physical
conditions. The sensors deliver stable, reproducible analogue or digital level signals with
reliability and precision, and have a long
useful life.
Continuous and reliable
Unaffected by temperature, pressure and
individual gas atmospheres, VEGAPULS
radar sensors are ideal for non-contact, fast
and accurate level measurement of various
products.
%
0,03
0,02
0,01
0
10050010001300 ˚C
0
0,018 %
Temperature influence: Temperature error absolutely
zero (e.g. at 500°C 0.018 %)
%
10
5
0
10
0
0,8 %
20 30 4060
50
Pressure influence: Error with pressure increase very
low (e.g. at 50 bar 1.44 %)
0,023 %
3 %
70 80 90110 120 130 140
100
bar
1.2 Application features
Applications
• level measurement of liquids, limited use in
solids
• measurement also in vacuum
• all slightly conductive materials and all
substances with a dielectric constant
ε
> 2.0 can be measured
r
• measuring ranges 0 … 20 m
Two-wire technology
• power supply and output signal on one
two-wire cable
• digital output signal
Rugged and abrasionproof
• non-contact
• high resistance materials
Exact and reliable
• resolution 1 mm
• unaffected by noise, vapours, dusts, gas
compositions and inert gas stratification
• unaffected by varying density and temperature of the medium
• measurement of pressures up to 64 bar
and product temperatures up to 350°C
Communicative
• individual wiring, with 15 sensors on one
two-wire cable (digital output signal)
• integrated measured value display
• optional display module up to 25 m separate from the sensor
• connection to all bus systems: Interbus S,
Modbus, Siemens 3964R, Profibus DP,
Profibus FMS, ASCII
• adjustment from PLC level
Ex approvals
• CENELEC, FM, ABS, LRS, GL, LR, ATEX,
PTB, FCC
VEGAPULS series 56 sensors enable level
measurement with radar in systems where it
was previously not used due to high costs.
6VEGAPULS 56 Profibus PA
Product description
1.3 Profibus output signal
PROPRO
PROcess
PROPRO
sult of a joint project of thirteen companies
and five universities. The companies Bosch,
Klöckner-Möller and Siemens played a decisive role. The specifications of the bus are
described in the protocol layers 1, 2 and 7 of
the ISO/OSI reference model and are available from the PNO (Profibus User Organisation). Layers 3 … 5 have not yet been
developed as a standard, leaving Profibus
with far-reaching perspectives for the future.
Today approx. 600 companies make use of
Profibus technology and belong to the PNO,
Profibus
Specification. Profibus
Periphery and Profibus
mation.
As a process automation bus, Profibus PA
enables power supply over the bus. Up to 32
sensors with power supply and measuring
signal can be operated on a shielded twowire cable that carries both power supply
and measuring signal. In Ex areas, up to ten
sensors can be connected from the PA level
to one two-wire cable (EEx ia).
Bus structure
A Profibus system with DP and PA segments
consists of up to 126 Master and Slave participants. Data are always exchanged from
point to point, with the data traffic being exclusively controlled and checked by master
devices. Communication is carried out according to the Token-Passing procedure.
This means that the master holding the Token
can contact the slaves, give instructions,
enquire data and cause the slaves to receive
and transmit data. After the work is done or
after a predetermined time interval, the Token
is passed on by the master to the next master.
FIFI
BUSBUS
FIeld
BUS (PROFIBUS) is the re-
FIFI
BUSBUS
FMSFMS
FMS stands for Fieldbus Messaging
FMSFMS
DPDP
DP for Decentralised
DPDP
PP
AA
P
A for Process Auto-
PP
AA
Master-Class 1
is the actual automation system, i.e. the process control computer or the PLC that enquires and processes all measured values.
Master-Class 2
One or several Master-Class 2 can operate in
a Profibus network. As a rule, Master-Class 2
devices are engineering, adjustment or visualisation stations. The VEGA adjustment software VVO (VEGA Visual Operating) operates
as Master-Class 2 participant on the DP bus
and can work on an engineering PC, on an
adjustment PC or on the process control
computer and can access any VEGA sensor
on the PA level.
Instrument master file
A so-called GSD (instrument master file) is
provided with the VEGAPULS Profibus sensor. This file is necessary to integrate the
sensor in the bus system. The GSD contains,
beside the sensor name and manufacturer,
the sensor-specific communication parameters which are necessary for a stable integration of the sensor in the bus.
Load the GSD belonging to the sensor into
your bus configuration program. If the GSD
is not available, it can be downloaded from
the VEGA homepage: http://www.vega.com.
Do not mistake the GSD for the EDD (Electronic Device Description), which is necessary for the PDM environment and can also
be found on the VEGA homepage.
VEGAPULS 56 Profibus PA7
Product description
1.4 Adjustment
Each measuring situation is unique. For that
reason, every radar sensor needs some
basic information on the application and the
environment, e.g. which level means "empty"
and which level "full". Beside this "empty and
full adjustment", many other settings and
adjustments are possible with VEGAPULS
radar sensors. The output of echo curves or
the calculation of vessel linearisation curves
by means of vessel dimensions are only two
examples.
Profibus adjustment structure
In the Profibus environment, there are different adjustment concepts and adjustment
tools which often differ considerably from
manufacturer to manufacturer. From the user’s point of view, a manufacturer-independent adjustment program which could be
operated directly on the Profibus DP, as well
as at any system node (e.g. the engineering
station or the process control), would be
ideal.
In the past, only the program "SIMATIC
PDM“, based on the HART
ture, could fulfil this wish (though with the
limitations common to HART
®
HART
, the availability of an instrument-specific database for a comprehensive adjustment with PDM (Process Device Managing)
is a requirement. Otherwise, only the basic
instrument functions, such as adjustment, are
available. In the PDM environment, this instrument-specific database is called EDD (Electronic Device Description), in perfect analogy
to the HART
®
environment which also requires, except for the VEGA HART
ments, a DD (Device Description) for each
sensor.
®
adjustment struc-
®
). As with
®
instru-
We are aware of the disadvantages of the
®
HART
environment: for each sensor/participant, an individual DD must be loaded, which
in addition, must always be the latest and
most up-to-date DD. Special adjustment
options such as e.g., the output of an echo
curve, are available neither with HART
®
nor
with PDM. User-friendly adjustment is out of
the question. With VEGA’s adjustment program VVO, those restrictions belong to the
past.
The legitimate wish of many Profibus users
for a manufacturer-independent adjustment
tool without EDD has been realised in the
form of PACTware
number of process technology companies
developed PACTware
TM 1)
. An association of a
TM
: a Process Automation Configuration Tool that can run different
manufacturer software tools under a standardized user interface and adjustment structure. Specialists call this technology Field
Device Transcription. Just as different Windows printer drivers enable operation of
completely different printers under a single
user interface, PACTware
TM
enables operation
of all field instruments under a single user
interface. Instrument-specific databases
(EDD), like those required for SIMATIC PDM,
are not necessary.
As a result of this development, three adjustment media are available for VEGA-Profibus
sensors:
- adjustment with the PC and the adjustment
program VVO (VEGA Visual Operating) as
stand-alone tool, on the segment coupler or
directly on the sensor.
- adjustment with the detachable adjustment
module MINICOM in the sensor
- adjustment with the SIMATIC PDM adjust-
ment program (requires EDD instrument
databases) from the control room.
- adjustment with the universal adjustment
interface PACTware
TM
on the sensor, from
the control room or on the segment coupler.
8VEGAPULS 56 Profibus PA
Product description
Adjustment with the adjustment program VVO - VEGA Visual Operating
The setup and adjustment of the radar sensors is generally done on the PC with the
adjustment program VEGA Visual Operating
(VVO) or with PACTware
The programs lead quickly through adjustment and parameter setting by means of
pictures, graphics and process
visualisations.
TM
under Windows®.
Note:
The adjustment program VVO must be available in version 2.70 or higher.
The VEGA adjustment software VVO (VEGA
Visual Operating) operates either as a
subprogram of the host program PACTware
TM
acc. to the FDT concept (Field Device Tool) or
as an independent adjustment program on
any PC, engineering station or process control computer.
The adjustment program recognises the sensor type
Visualised input of a vessel linearisation curve in the
adjustment program VVO
VEGA’s adjustment program VVO can access the adjustment options of VEGA sensors in their entirety and, if necessary, can
update the complete sensor software. To do
this, the adjustment program must be installed on a PC which is equipped with a
Profibus Master Class 2 interface card or the
interface adapter VEGACONNECT 3.
The PC with the Profibus interface card can
be connected directly to any point on the DP
bus with the standard RS 485 Profibus cable.
In conjunction with the adapter
VEGACONNECT, the PC can be connected
directly to the sensor. VEGACONNECT communicates via a small jack directly with the
respective sensor.
The adjustment and parameter data can be
saved at any time on the PC with the adjustment software and can be protected by
passwords. If necessary, the adjustments
can be transferred quickly to other sensors.
VEGAPULS 56 Profibus PA9
In practice, the adjustment program VVO is
often installed as a tool on an engineering
station or operating station. VVO then accesses all VEGA sensors directly over the
bus via the Profibus interface card (e.g. from
Softing) as Master Class 2, from the DP level
to the PA level (via segment coupler) right
down to the individual sensor.
Beside the instrument master file (GSD), with
which a sensor is logged into the Profibus
system, the majority of all Profibus sensors
requires for adjustment, beside the specific
adjustment software, also a so-called EDD
(Electronic Device Description) for each
sensor, in order to access and adjust the
sensor from the bus levels. This is not the
case with VVO. The adjustment software
VVO can communicate at any time with all
VEGA sensors without the help of a special
database. Of course, all other non-Profibus
VEGA sensors can be adjusted with the
adjustment software as well (4 … 20 mA
sensors or VBUS sensors). With VEGA sensors, it is not necessary to go looking for the
latest EDD. This is the basic prerequisite for
a manufacturer-independent adjustment
program, like PACTware
TM
, anticipated by
many users, see following pages.
Product description
10VEGAPULS 56 Profibus PA
Product description
Adr. 21
SPS
Adr. 22
VVO
3
PA-
Adr. 23
Bus
Master-Class 1
Adr. 1
DP-Bus
Adr. 24
Profibus DP interface card as
Master-Class 2 (e.g. Softing)
Adr. 10
Adr. 57
Segment coupler
Adr. 25 … 56
2
3
Adr. 58
Adr. 59
(max. 32 participants)
Adr. 60
Adr. 26
Adr. 25
Adr. 27
Adr. 28
Adr. 29
Adjustment of the VEGAPULS radar sensors from process control via a Profibus interface card in the process
control computer or in an additional PC. The adjustment software VEGA Visual Operating (VVO) accesses via
the interface (interface card) the sensors bidirectionally.
VEGAPULS 56 Profibus PA11
Product description
Adjustment with adjustment module
MINICOM
With the small (3.2 cm x 6.7 cm) 6-key adjustment module with display, you carry out
the adjustment in clear text dialogue. The
adjustment module can be plugged into the
radar sensor or into the optional, external
indicating instrument.
Tank 1
+
-
m (d)
12.345
Detachable adjustment module MINICOM
The adjustment module can be removed
easily so that unauthorised people cannot
modify the sensor setting.
ESC
+
-
Tank 1
m (d)
12.345
OK
2
PA-Bus
ESC
+
-
Tank 1
m (d)
12.345
OK
4
Adjustment with the SIMATIC PDM
adjustment program
For adjustment of all essential functions of the
VEGA sensor with the adjustment station
SIMATIC PDM from Siemens, a so-called
EDD is required. Without this EDD, only the
basic functions such as min./max. wet adjustment or integration time can be adjusted with
the PDM adjustment program. Further important adjustment functions, such as the input
of the "
Meas. environment
storage are not available without EDD. After
ESC
integration of the EDD files in the Simatic PDM
OK
adjustment software, all important adjustment
“ or a false echo
functions are accessible. If it is not at hand,
the obligatory GSD (instrument master file)
as well as the EDD (Electronic Device Description) necessary for PDM can be
downloaded from the VEGA-Homepage
(http://www.vega.com).
Adjustment with PACTware
The above-mentioned program PACTware
is a manufacturer-independent automation/
configuration tool, by which access to instruments of different manufacturers (Krohne,
Pepperl + Fuchs, VEGA, VIKA- Bürkert…) is
possible. The VEGA adjustment software
VVO works as a subprogram/menu.
PACTware
options for the sensor/instrument being
accessed.
PACTware
constructed in tree structure. Operating
instructions for PACTware
the PACTwareTM documentation. They are not
described in this operating instructions
manual.
TM
activates the required menu
TM
looks different than VVO and is
TM
can be found in
TM
TM
max. 25 m
Adjustment with detachable adjustment module. The
adjustment module can be plugged into the radar
sensor or into the external indicating instrument
VEGADIS 50.
12VEGAPULS 56 Profibus PA
Product description
1.5 Antennas
The antenna is the eye of the radar sensor.
An uninitiated observer would probably not
realise how carefully the antenna geometry
must be adapted to the physical properties
of electromagnetic fields.
The geometrical form determines focal properties and sensitivity - the same way it determines the sensitivity of a unidirectional
microphone.
For different applications and process requirements various antenna systems are
available.
Horn antenna
Horn antennas focus the
radar signals very well.
Made of 1.4571 (stainless
steel) or Hastelloy C22 they
are very rugged, and
physically as well as
chemically resistant.
Horn antennas are used for
measurement in closed or
open vessels.
Pipe antenna
Only in conjunction with a measuring tube, i.e. with a surge or
bypass tube (which can also be
angled), do horn antennas form
a complete antenna system.
Pipe antennas are mainly suitable for very agitated products
or for products with very small
dielectric constant.
The antenna can be with or without horn. The antennas are characterised by a very high antenna
gain. High reliability can be
achieved even with products
having poor reflective properties.
For the radar signals, the measuring tube acts as a conductor.
DN 50
The running time of the radar
signal changes in the tube and
depends on the tube diameter.
Therefore, the sensor must be
informed about the tube inner
diameter so that the change in
the running time can be taken
into account and precise level
signals ensured.
DN 150
DN 80
DN 250
VEGAPULS 56 Profibus PA13
2 Types and versions
VEGAPULS 56 sensors are a newly developed generation of very compact, high temperature radar sensors. They enable for the
first time non-contact level measurements
under high temperatures and pressures.
They offer the advantages of radar level
measurement for applications in which the
special advantages of radar could not be
previously applied due to extreme process
conditions.
VEGAPULS 56 radar sensors utilise two-wire
technology perfectly. The supply voltage and
the output signal are transmitted via one twowire cable. They provide an analogue
4 … 20 mA output signal as output or measuring signal. This operating instructions
manual describes the sensors with digital
output signal.
Types and versions
2.1 Type surve y
General features
• Level measurement of processes and
products under high temperatures and
high pressures
• Measuring range 0 … 20 m
• Ex approved in Zone 1 and Zone 10 (IEC)
or Zone 0 and Zone 20 (ATEX) classification mark EEx ia IIC T6 or
EEx d ia IIC T6
• Integrated measured value display
• External measured value display which can
be mounted at a distance of up to
25 m in Ex area
Survey of features
Signal output
- digital transmission of measuring signals to
a VEGAMET signal conditioning instrument
or the VEGALOG processing system
VEGAPULS 56
DN 150
VEGAPULS 56
DN 50 pipe antenna
VEGAPULS 56
DN 80 pipe antenna
Power supply
– two-wire technology (voltage supply and
Adjustment
–PC
– adjustment module in the sensor
– adjustment module in external indicating
instrument
Antennas
– horn antenna with stainless steel horn and
ceramic tip
– standpipe antenna only with ceramic tip or
with small horn and ceramic tip
14VEGAPULS 56 Profibus PA
Types and versions
2.2 Type code
56… High temperature radar sensor
…K 4 … 20 mA output signal (not described in this operating instruction manual)
…P Output signal Profibus PA
VEGAPULS 56 V EXXX X X X X X X X
J - Tube extension for horn antenna
X - without
A - Aluminium housing
D - Aluminium housing with Exd connection housing
T - Seal of the antenna system of Tantalum
KVX - Process fitting DN 50 PN 16 (for standpipe)
LV6 - Process fitting DN 80 PN 16 (for standpipe)
EV1 - Process fitting DN 100 PN 16 (for standpipe)
FV2 - Process fitting DN 150 PN 16
SVX - Pr ocess fitting ANSI 2“ 150 psi (for standpipe)
WV6 - Process fitting ANSI 3“ 150 psi (for standpipe)
PV1 - Process fitting ANSI 4“ 150 psi (for standpipe)
VV2 - Process fitting ANSI 6“ 150 psi
0V2 - Process fitting ANSI 6“ 300 psi
1V2 - Process fitting ANSI 6“ 600 psi (1.4571)
1M2 - Process fitting ANSI 6“ 600 psi (Hastelloy C22)
YYY - Ot her pr ocess connections and materials
X - without display
A - with integrated display
X - without adjustment module MINICOM
B - with adjustment module MINICOM (mounted)
B - 20 … 72 V DC; 20 … 250 V AC; 4 … 20 mA; HART
D - Two-wire (loop-powered); 4 … 20 mA; HART
E - Power supply via signal conditioning instrument
G - Profibus PA (power supply from segment coupler)
P - 90 … 250 V AC (only in USA)
N - 20 … 36 V DC, 24 V AC (only in USA)
Z - Power supply via signal conditioning instrument (only in USA)
®
®
.X- FTZ approval (Germany)
EX.X - Approved Zone 1 and Zone 10
EX0.X - Ex approved Zone 0
K - Analogue 4 … 20 mA output signal
(two-wire technology)
P - Digital output signal (two-wire technology) Profibus
Instrument series for high temperature application
Measuring technology (PULS for radar)
VEGAPULS 56 Profibus PA15
Types and versions
2.3 Bus configuration
The type of radar sensor you use depends
on your process requirements and mounting
conditions, as well as on the requirements of
your control, regulative, or process control
system.
VEGAPULS 56 Profibus radar sensors are
sensors for use in Profibus PA environment.
Profile 3 has been implemented in the sensors. A measuring system consists of one or
several sensors, one or several segment
couplers and one DP master computer, such
as e.g. a S7 PLC with Profibus interface or a
process control system with Profibus DPMaster-Slot. The processing unit, e.g. the
PLC, evaluates the level-proportional, digital
measuring signals in a number of evaluation
routines and puts them to use process-specifically.
On the following four pages you will see
schematic illustrations of the bus configuration.
The automation system as Master-Class 1
takes over bus control completely. It reads
out all signals cyclically and, if necessary,
gives instructions to the participants (e.g.
sensors). Besides this, additional master
systems (e.g. visualisation systems or adjustment tools) can be connected to the DP
bus. These systems operate as so-called
Master-Class 2 participants. Like the MasterClass 1 system, they can read out signals,
give instructions and operate in the acyclical
mode.
A DP bus does not allow power supply via
signal cable, whereas the PA bus does. Both,
DP and PA, require at a minimum a screened
two-wire cable. The DP bus can additionally
have up to 8 cores (screened), of which
some can be supply cables (see also "Installation Guides PA + DP“ of the Profibus User
Organisation (PNO).
Each participant on the bus must have an
unambiguous address. The addressing
covers both bus levels. A Profibus DP network can have max. 126 participants, including all participants on the PA level. In
practice, each Master-Class 1 computer gets
address 1 and the Master-Class 2 computers address 10 … 20. As a rule, the slaves or
participants get the addresses 21 … 126. On
the Profibus PA network segment, max. 32
sensors are possible on one PA segment
coupler.
Ex environment
In Ex environment, intrinsically safe (EEx ia)
PA sensors are used with Ex segment couplers. Generally, the number of PA sensors
on a segment coupler (Ex or non Ex) depends on the current requirement of the
sensors and on the current supplied by the
segment coupler. Segment couplers for
EEx ia environment provide 90 … 110 mA.
The number of sensors results from the sum
of:
- the basic current intake of all sensors
- plus 9 mA communication signal
- plus the leakage currents of all sensors
- plus a recommended current reserve
(approx. 10 mA)
The min. basic current has been set at 10 mA
according to the Profibus specification.
VEGA Profibus sensors constantly consume
a basic current of 10 mA and operate without
leakage current requirement, so that in Ex
environment, up to max. ten VEGA sensors
can be operated on one segment coupler.
16VEGAPULS 56 Profibus PA
Types and versions
VEGAPULS 56 Profibus PA17
Types and versions
1
Master-Class 1
Bus terminator
3...9
Profibus PA (31,25 kBit/s)
Profibus DP
21
Profibus interface
card
RS 232
22...54
3
RS 485
10
Master-Class 2
Segment coupler
Bus terminator
2
22
23
24
53
54
VEGACONNECT 3
PA segment on segment coupler:
1 … 32 sensors on one two-wire cable
(Ex: 10 sensors)
18VEGAPULS 56 Profibus PA
Types and versions
Profibus DP segment level
1 … 126 participants including all DP and PA participants.
Through segment couplers and PA segments, the transmission rate, also on the DP level, is determined by the
slowest coupler or participant on the Profibus DP and PA
network.
Bus terminator
3...9
M
Segment coupler
3...9
3~M
89
90
55
56...88
Bus terminator
2
Profibus PA
2
Bus terminator
56
57
87
88
PA segment on segment coupler:
1 … 32 sensors on one two-wire cable
(Ex: 10 sensors)
VEGAPULS 56 Profibus PA19
Types and versions
1
Master-Class 1
Bus terminator
VEGALOG
Profibus PA (31,25 kBit)
3~M
3…9
Profibus DP
Profibus interface
card
21
3
RS 485
22
10
Master-Class 2
VEGACONNECT 3
4
RS 232
1
2
3
5
11
12
4
1 … 15 PA sensors per two-wire cable
13
15
14
with independent address zone
(Ex: 10 sensors)
20VEGAPULS 56 Profibus PA
Types and versions
Profibus DP segment level
1 … 126 participants including all DP and PA participants.
Up to 12 MBit/s transmission rate on DP level.
In the PA segments 31.25 kBit/s transmission rate.
VEGACONNECT 3
4 … 20 mA (HART )
2
4
4
4
2
2
2
Profibus PA (31,25 kBit)
3…9
23
M
3…9
24
25
VEGALOG
VBUS
Outputs
2
2
2
2
®
2
2
2
2
2
0/4…20 mA
0…10 V
VBUS
2
Bus terminator
Profibus PA:
1 … 15 PA sensors per two-wire cable
with independent address zone
(Ex: 10 sensors)
VBUS:
1 … 15 sensors per twowire cable
Exd: also 15
Ex ia: 5 sensors
VEGAPULS 56 Profibus PA21
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3 Mounting and installation
3.1 General installation instructions
Measuring range
The reference plane for the measuring range
of the sensors is the lower edge of the flange.
The measuring range is 0 … 20 m. For measurement in surge or bypass tubes (pipe
antenna) the max. measuring distance is
reduced (see "Technical data - Measuring
range“).
Mounting and installation
Keep in mind that in measuring environments
where the medium can reach the sensor
flange, buildup can form on the antenna
which can cause measurement errors. The
min. distance of the antenna to the medium
should be 5 cm.
Reference plane
min. meas.
distance
full
min.
Meas. range
empty
max. meas. distance 20 m
Measuring range (operating range) and max. measuring distance
Note: Use of the sensors for applications with solids is limited.
False reflections
Flat obstructions and struts cause large false
reflections. They reflect the radar signal with
high energy density.
Interfering surfaces with a round profile diffuse the reflected radar signals and cause
If flat obstructions in the range of the radar
signals cannot be avoided, we recommend
the installation of a deflector plate to scatter
the reflected signals. Due to this scattering,
the interfering signals will be low in amplitude
and so diffuse that they can be filtered out by
the sensor.
false reflections with lower energy density.
Hence, they are less critical than reflections
from a flat surface.
Round profiles diffuse radar signals
min. meas.
distance
min. meas.
distance
full
empty
Profile with smooth interfering surfaces cause large
false signals
22VEGAPULS 56 Profibus PA
A deflector causes signal scattering
Mounting and installation
Emission cone and false reflections
The radar signals are focused by the antenna system. The signals leave the antenna
in a conical path similar to the beam pattern
of a spotlight. This emission cone depends
on the antenna used.
Any object in this beam cone causes a reflection of the radar signals. Within the first few
meters of the beam cone, tubes, struts or
other installations can interfere with the measurement. At a distance of 6 m, the false echo
of a strut has an amplitude nine times greater
than at a distance of 18 m.
At greater distances, the energy of the radar
signal distributes itself over a larger area,
thus causing weaker echoes from obstructing surfaces. The interfering signals are
therefore less critical than those at close
range.
If possible, orient the sensor axis perpendicularly to the product surface and avoid
vessel installations (e.g. pipes and struts)
within the 100 % area of the emission cone.
If possible, provide a "clear view“ of the
product inside the emission cone and avoid
vessel installations in the first third of the
emission cone.
Meas. distance
0 m
30˚
10 m
40˚
20 m
6,8 m6,8 m
0
Emission cone of a DN 100 horn antenna
Meas. distance
0 m
100 %
emitted power
50 %
5,3 m5,3 m
Optimum measuring conditions exist when
the emission cone reaches the measured
product perpendicularly and when the emission cone is free from obstructions.
10 m
20 m
5,0 m
3,5 m
Emission cone of a DN 150 horn antenna
VEGAPULS 56 Profibus PA23
20˚
30˚
0
100 %
emitted power
50 %
emitted power
5,0 m
3,5 m
Mounting and installation
Meas. distance
0 m
14˚
100 %
22˚
0
emitted power
50 %
3,8 m
2,4 m
emitted power
10 m
20 m
3,8 m
2,4 m
Emission cone of a DN 250 horn antenna
Heat insulation
In process temperatures of more than 200°C
the rear of the flange must be insulated to
protect the sensor electronics from radiated
heat.
We recommend integrating the sensor insulation into the vessel insulation and extending it
approx. up to the first tube segment.
3.2 Measurement of liquids
Sensor on DIN socket piece
Most commonly, the mounting of radar sensors is done on short DIN socket pieces. The
lower side of the instrument flange is the
reference plane for the measuring range. The
antenna should always protrude out of the
flange pipe.
Reference plane
Mounting on DIN socket piece
With a longer DIN socket piece, the horn
antenna must protrude at least 10 mm out of
the socket.
40°C
60°C
> 10 mm
350°C
100°C
240°C
Mounting on longer DIN socket piece
Vessel insulation
max. 350°C
When mounting on dished vessel tops, the
antenna must also protrude at least 10 mm
beyond the longer side of the socket).
Heat insulation
24VEGAPULS 56 Profibus PA
Mounting and installation
> 10 mm
Sensor directly on the vessel top
If the stability of the vessel will allow it (sensor
weight), flat mounting directly on the vessel
top is a good and economical solution. The
top side of the vessel is the reference plane.
Mounting on a dished vessel top
On dished tank ends, please do not mount
the instrument in the centre or close to the
vessel wall, but approx.
1
/2 vessel radius from
the centre or from the vessel wall.
Dished tank ends can act as paraboloidal
reflectors. If the radar sensor is placed in the
focal point of the parabolic tank, the radar
sensor receives amplified false echoes. The
radar sensor should be mounted outside the
focal point. Parabolically amplified echoes are
thereby avoided.
Reference plane
1
/2 vessel radius
Mounting on dished tank ends
Reference plane
Mounting directly on the flat vessel top
3.3 Measurement in standpipe
(surge or bypass tube)
General instructions
Pipe antennas are preferred in vessels which
contain many installations, e.g. heating tubes,
heat exchangers or fast-running stirrers.
Measurement is then possible where the
product surface is very turbulent, and vessel
installations cannot cause false echoes.
Through focusing of the radar signal within
the measuring tube, even products with small
dielectric constants (ε
reliably measured in surge or bypass tubes.
Please note the following instructions.
Surge pipes which are open at the bottom
must extend over the full measuring range
(i.e. down to 0% level), as a measurement is
only possible within the tube.
It is advantageous to install a deflector below
the end of the tube. The product can then be
reliably detected around the min. level. This is
particularly important for products with a
dielectric constant of less than 5.
= 1.6 up to 3) can be
r
VEGAPULS 56 Profibus PA25
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Mounting and installation
Surge pipe welded to
the tank
Surge pipe in the socket
piece
Marking
holes in the
intermediate flange
max.
Vent hole
Deflector
min.
Pipe antenna systems in the tank
Make sure that the required upper vent hole
is on one axis with the marking hole in the
intermediate flange (polarisation direction of
the radar signals).
Marking hole
100 %
;
;
;
;
;
0 %
Tube flange system as bypass tube
As an alternative to a surge pipe in the vessel, a pipe antenna can be mounted outside
the vessel as a bypass tube.
When measuring in a surge or bypass tube,
the max. measuring range decreases by
5 … 20 % (e.g. DN 50: 16 m instead of 20 m
and DN 100 only 19 m instead of 20 m).
Align the sensor such that the marking hole in
the intermediate flange is on one axis with the
tube holes or tube openings. The polarisation
of the radar signal enables a considerably
stabler measurement with this alignment.
Extended bypass tube on a vessel with turbulent
product movements
26VEGAPULS 56 Profibus PA
100 %
75 %
0 %
Mounting and installation
Adhesive products
For adhesive products, a surge pipe with a
larger inner diameter should be used. For
nonadhesive products, the best and most
inexpensive solution is a measurement tube
with a diameter of 50 mm. For slightly adhesive products, use a surge pipe with a nominal diameter of 100 mm to 150 mm to prevent
buildup from causing measurement errors.
DN 50
ø 50
DN 80
ø 80
Standpipe measurement of inhomogeneous products
If you want to measure inhomogeneous products or stratified products in a surge pipe, it
must have holes, elongated holes or slots.
These openings ensure that the liquid is mixed
and corresponds to the liquid in the vessel.
ø 100
DN 100
DN 150
ø 150
homogeneous
liquids
inhomogeneous
liquids
Openings in a surge pipe for mixing of inhomogene-
slightly inhomogeneous
liquids
strongly inhomogeneous
liquids
ous products
The more inhomogeneous the measured
product, the closer together the openings
Pipe antenna with DN 50, DN 80, DN 100 and DN 150
VEGAPULS 56 Profibus PA27
should be.
Mounting and installation
Polarisation direction
Due to radar polarisation, the holes or slots
must be positioned in two rows offset by
180°. The radar sensor must be mounted so
that the marking hole of the sensor (located in
the intermediate flange) is on one axis with
the row of holes in the standpipe.
Marking hole
Rows of holes in one axis with the marking hole
Surge pipe with ball valve
If a ball valve is mounted in the surge pipe,
maintenance and servicing can be carried
out without opening the vessel (e.g. if it contains liquid gas or toxic products).
A prerequisite for trouble-free operation is a
ball valve throat that corresponds to the pipe
diameter and provides a flush surface with
the pipe inner wall.
Make sure there is a ventilation hole in the
standpipe.
DN 50
Ball valve
Standpipe ventilation
Correct
Marking
hole
The sensor must be directed with the marking hole to
the rows of holes or openings.
28VEGAPULS 56 Profibus PA
Wrong
ø50
Deflector
Tube antenna system with ball valve cutoff in measuring tube
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