Vaisala HM44 User Manual
USER'S GUIDE
Vaisala HUMICAP® Set for Measuring
Humidity in Concrete
HM44
M010068EN-A
PUBLISHED BY
Vaisala Oyj Phone (int.): +358 9 8949 1
P.O. Box 26 Fax: +358 9 8949 2227
FIN-00421 Helsinki
Finland
Visit our Internet pages at http://www.vaisala.com/
© Vaisala 2006
No part of this manual may be reproduced in any form or by any means, electronic or
mechanical (including photocopying), nor may its contents be communicated to a third
party without prior written permission of the copyright holder.
The contents are subject to change without prior notice.
Please observe that this manual does not create any legally binding obligations for
Vaisala towards the customer or end user. All legally binding commitments and
agreements are included exclusively in the applicable supply contract or Conditions of
Sale.
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Table of Contents
CHAPTER 1
GENERAL INFORMATION ............................................................................3
Safety.........................................................................................3
Version Information..................................................................3
Warranty ....................................................................................4
CHAPTER 2
PRODUCT DESCRIPTION.............................................................................5
CHAPTER 3
TO BE NOTED WHEN MEASURING HUMIDITY..........................................6
CHAPTER 4
TAKEN INTO USE..........................................................................................7
Feeding the individual adjustment coefficients ....................7
Numbering the probes......................................................8
Feeding the offset correction............................................8
Feeding the gain correction..............................................8
Changing the settings..............................................................9
Enter the setup menu.......................................................9
Display units...................................................................10
Setting the automatic power-off function........................10
Selecting the display quantities......................................11
Setting the pressure for mixing ratio and wet bulb
temperature calculations ................................................11
Setting the probe type....................................................12
Select the function..........................................................12
CHAPTER 5
HUMIDITY MEASUREMENTS IN CONCRETE ...........................................13
General about humidity measurements in a drilled hole ...13
Measurement depth................................................................13
Maximum humidity levels for coating ..................................15
Preparations for the measurements.....................................16
Starting the measurements ...................................................18
Measurement readings on display........................................19
HOLD-mode ........................................................................19
MIN and MAX modes ..........................................................19
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CHAPTER 6
COLLECTING DATA ................................................................................... 21
Data collecting modes........................................................... 21
Entering the data collecting modes..................................... 21
Automatic data collecting mode
REC AUTO .......................... 22
Setting the measurement duration...................................... 22
Setting the measurement interval....................................... 23
Manual data collecting
Reading the measurement results
MIN and MAX in data collecting
CHAPTER 7
REC CATCH ........................................ 24
REC READ....................... 25
REC READ mode................ 26
TRANSFERRING DATA TO A PC .............................................................. 28
Giving the communication parameters ............................... 29
Transferring the data............................................................. 31
Commands.......................................................................... 32
PLAY Transferring the data ............................................... 32
CPLAY Setting characters between decimals and fields... 33
HELP Outputting available commands and their contents 33
? Outputting the HMI41 settings........................................ 34
CHAPTER 8
CALIBRATION............................................................................................. 35
Two-point humidity calibration............................................. 37
CHAPTER 9
MAINTENANCE........................................................................................... 39
Replacing the HUMICAP
180 sensor ................................. 39
Replacing the filter................................................................. 39
CHAPTER 10
TROUBLESHOOTING................................................................................. 40
Erroneous readings............................................................. 40
Trouble shooting ................................................................. 40
CHAPTER 11
SPARE PARTS AND ACCESSORIES........................................................ 42
Optional probes...................................................................... 43
CHAPTER 12
TECHNICAL DATA...................................................................................... 44
HMP44 probe.......................................................................... 44
HMI41 indicator ...................................................................... 45
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Chapter 1 _________________________________________________________ General Information
CHAPTER 1
GENERAL INFORMATION
Safety
Throughout the manual, important safety considerations are
highlighted as follows:
WARNING
CAUTION
NOTE
Warning alerts you to a serious hazard. If you do not read and follow
instructions very carefully at this point, there is a risk of injury or
even death.
Caution warns you of a potential hazard. If you do not read and
follow instructions carefully at this point, the product could be
damaged or important data could be lost.
Note highlights important information on using the product.
Version Information
Table 1 Manual Revisions
Manual Code Description
U254en-1.3 March 1998
M010068en-A
VAISALA ___________________________________________________________________
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User's Guide _______________________________________________________________________
Warranty
Vaisala hereby represents and warrants all Products
manufactured by Vaisala and sold hereunder to be
free from defects in workmanship or material during
a period of twelve (12) months from the date of
delivery save for products for which a special
warranty is gi ven. If any P roduct p roves ho wever to
be defective in workmanship or material within the
period herein provided Vaisala undertakes to the
exclusion of any other remedy to repair or at its own
option replace the defective Product or part thereof
free of charge and otherwise on the same conditions
as for the original Product or part without extension
to original warranty time. Defective parts replaced in
accordance with this clause shall be placed at the
disposal of Vaisala.
Vaisala also warrants the quality of all repair and
service works performed by its employees to
products sold by it. In case the repair or service
works should appear inadequate or faulty and should
this cause malfunction or nonfunction of the product
to which the service was performed Vaisala shall at
its free option either repair or have repaired or
replace the product in question. The working hours
used by employees of Vaisala for such repair or
replacement shall be free of charge to the client.
This service warranty shall be valid for a period of
six (6) months from the date the service measures
were completed.
This warranty is however subject to following
conditions:
a) A substantiated written claim as to any alleged
defects shall have been received by Vaisala
within thirty (30) days after the defect or fault
became known or occurred, and
b) The allegedly defective Product or part shall,
should Vaisala so require, be sent to the works of
Vaisala or to such other place as Vaisala may
indicate in writing, freight and insurance prepaid
and properly packed and labelled, unless Vaisala
agrees to inspect and repair the Product or
replace it on site.
a) normal wear and tear or accident;
b) misuse or other unsuitable or unauthorized use of
the Product or negligence or error in storing,
maintaining or in handling the Product or any
equipment thereof;
c) wrong installation or assembly or failure to
service the Product or otherwise follow Vaisala
service instructions including any repairs or
installation or assembly or service made by
unauthoriz ed personnel not a pproved by V aisala
or replacements with parts not manufactured or
supplied by Vaisala;
d) modifications or changes of the Product as well
as any adding to it without Vaisala's prior
authorization;
e) other factors depending on the Customer or a
third party.
Notwithstanding the aforesaid Vaisala's liability
under this clause shall not apply to any defects
arising out of materials, designs or instructions
provided by the Customer.
This warranty is expressly in lieu of and excludes all
other conditions, warranties and liabilities, express
or implied, whether under law, statute or otherwise,
including without limitation ANY IMPLIED
WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR OF
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURP OSE and all
other obligations and liabilities of Vaisala or its
representatives with respect to any defect or
deficiency applicable to or resulting directly or
indirectly from the Products supplied hereunder,
which obligations and liabilities are hereby
expressly cancelled and waived. Vaisala's liability
shall under no circumstances exceed the invoice
price of any Product for which a warranty claim is
made, nor shall Vaisala in any circumstances be
liable for lost profits or other consequential loss
whether direct or indirect or for special damages.
This warranty does not however apply when the
defect has been caused through
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Chapter 2 _________________________________________________________ Product description
CHAPTER 2
PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
The HM44 set is a practical tool for humidity measurements of concrete or other structures.
The accuracy and reliability performance of the HMP44 probe comes from advanced Vaisala
HUMICAP© 180 sensor.
The HM44 package includes:
• HMP44 humidity and temperature probe
• HMI41 indicator with batteries
• installation cover and lid, 3 pcs
• rubber plugs, 12 pcs
• plastic sleeves, 12 pcs
• carrying case
• user 's guide
Figure 2.1HM44 set for measuring humidity in concrete.
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User's Guide _______________________________________________________________________
CHAPTER 3
TO BE NOTED WHEN MEASURING HUMIDITY
Temperature of the probe and the concrete shall be the same!
In humidity measurement and especially in calibration it is essential that temperature of the
probe and measured object is the same. Even a small difference in temperature between the
measured object and the probe causes an error. As the curve below shows, if the temperature
is +20 °C and the relative humidity 100 %RH, a difference of ±1 °C between the measured
object and the probe causes an error of ±6 %RH. When the humidity is 90 %RH, the
corresponding error is ±5.4 %RH.
A temperature difference of a few degrees can also cause water to condense on the sensor
surface. HUMICAP sensor starts to function normally as soon as the water has evaporated. If
the condensed water is contaminated, the life span of the probe may shorten and calibration
may change.
10
9
8
7
6
5
4
dRH (%RH)
3
2
1
0
-40-200 20406080100
Temperature (°C)
Figure 3.1 Measurement error at 1 00 %RH w hen the dif feren ce
between the ambien t and sens or te mpera ture is 1 °C
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Chapter 4 _____________________________________________________________ Taken into use
CHAPTER 4
TAKEN INTO USE
Before taking into use the HM44 do the following:
- place the batteries into HMI indicator
- connect the probe
- feed the individual probe adjustment coefficients
- if needed, check and change the settings
The basic display appears when turning the device on:
RH
T
Currently selected probe
%
°C
Relative
humidity
Temperature
Feeding the individual adjustment coefficients
Each probe has an individual adjustment coefficients which are written in the calibration
certificate (see Appendix 1). These coefficients should be fed to the HMI41 memory to reach
the measurement accuracy of ±2 %RH.
- When using one probe, numbering of the probe is not needed.
- When using more than one probe, firstly select a number for the probe and then feed the
probe individual coefficients to the HMI41 memory. Remember to write the probe number
(1-10) in the product label to be able to identify the probes afterwards.
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User's Guide _______________________________________________________________________
Numbering the probes
The first number of the second line of display indicates the currently selected probe (1-10).
Connect a probe and change the number on the display by pressing ENTER and
simultaneously buttons ▲ or ▼. Remember to write the probe number (1-10) in the product
label to be able to identify the probes.
Feeding the offset correction
1. Press the button ENTER continuously for about 5 seconds until a text similar
to the following appears on the display (numbers on the second line are
blinking):
RH
set
2. Feed the individual offset correction (see the calibration certificate) in the
HMI41 memory with buttons ▲ and ▼. Each time the button is pressed, the
numbers change 0.1 %RH. If the button is pressed continuously, the numbers
change in a faster rate.
3. When the reading is correct, press ENTER and the display changes to show
the gain correction.
Feeding the gain correction
RH
set
4. Numbers on the second line are blinking; you can now enter the individual
gain correction in the HMI41 memory. The numbers are changed with
buttons ▲and ▼. Each time the button is pressed, numbers change 0.001. If
the button is pressed continuously, the numbers change in a faster rate.
NOTE
If the correction given in the calibration certificate has only two
decimals (e.g. 1.03), enter a zero in place of the third decimal (e.g.
1.030).
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Chapter 4 _____________________________________________________________ Taken into use
5. When the reading is correct, press ENTER and the display changes to show
the humidity and temperature readings. However, an arrow is now displayed
as an indication of the individual corrections in the HMI41 memory:
RH
T
%
°C
Changing the settings
Change the settings ONLY if there is a need to change the following factory settings:
Factory settings
• display units: 0 (metric)
• automatic power-off: 5 (minutes)
• display quantities: 0 (RH, T and Td)
• pressure: 1013.25 hPa (1 hPa = 1 mbar)
• probe t ype AUT
• start 5
To change the settings, enter the setup menu.
Enter the setup menu
Turn the device ON (by using ON/OFF button) and immediately (within 1..2 seconds) after
turning on, press together both the buttons ENTER and MODE for about 3 seconds, until the
following appears:
In a few seconds, the text changes automatically to the following:
°C
set
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User's Guide _______________________________________________________________________
Display units
°C
set
• Select the display units with buttons ▲ or ▼. Choose 0 for metric units or 1 for non-
metric units (see Table 1).
• Press ENTER and the display changes to show the setting of the automatic power-off
function.
Table 1. Metric and non-metric units
quantity metric non-metric
relative humidity (RH) %RH %RH
temperature (T)
dewpoint temperature (Td)
absolute humidity (a) g/m
mixing ratio (x) g/kg gr/lb
wet bulb temperature (Tw)
°C °F
°C °F
3
gr/ft
°C °F
3
Setting the automatic power-off function
set
The number (or text NO) on the first line of the display indicates in minutes (1...60) the time
that the HMI41 stays on before an automatic power-off if no buttons are pressed.
• changed with buttons ▲ and ▼. If NO is chosen, the automatic power-off
function is not activated.
• Press ENTER and the display changes to show the selection of the display
quantities. NOTE: during data collecting this setting is not valid.
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Chapter 4 _____________________________________________________________ Taken into use
Selecting the display quantities
set
The HMI41 displays relative humidity (RH), temperature (T) and dewpoint temperature (Td)
readings. Additionally, one of the following quantities can be chosen: absolute humidity (a),
wet bulb temperature (Tw) and mixing ratio (x). The number on the display indicates the
following quantities:
0 = RH, T, Td
1 = RH, T, Td, abs
2 = RH, T, Td, Tw
3 = RH, T, Td, x
• select the number with buttons ▲ and ▼
• press ENTER and the display changes to show the setting of the pressure for
mixing ratio and wet bulb temperature calculations.
Setting the pressure for mixing ratio and wet bulb temperature calculations
PPah
set
• change the pressure (in steps of 0.25 hPa) with buttons ▲ and ▼
• press ENTER; the display now changes to show the text PROBE n (n=probe
number). Change this setting only if there is no ID-marking on the indicator
label. Otherwise do not change this setting.
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Setting the probe type
In cases where an indicator (or a probe) is without an ID-marking, the following probe
numbers have to be selected:
Probe Probe setting
HMP41 1
HMP42 2
HMP44 1...10
HMP45 1
HMP46 2
• change the setting with buttons ▲ and ▼
With the probe HMP44 there is no need to change the setting.
• press ENTER; the display now changes to show the text START. Change this
setting only if there is no ID-marking on the indicator label. Otherwise do not
change this setting.
Select the function
In cases where an indicator (or a probe) is without an ID-marking on the label the following
function selection is made:
Probe Setting
HMP41
HMP42
HMP45
HMP46
HMP44 Start 5
• change the setting with buttons ▲ and ▼
• press ENTER three times; the display now changes to show the following
settings (do not change them):
baud 4.8
seri E.7.1
calib def (*
(* when entering the setting calib, the value is always ‘no’; the factory settings are
restored by selecting ‘def’. After this, the previously entered adjustment coefficients
are no longer valid.
Start 1
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Chapter 5 ____________________________________________ Humidity measurements in concrete
CHAPTER 5
HUMIDITY MEASUREMENTS IN CONCRETE
General about humidity measurements in a drilled hole
The HMP44 probe measures humidity of concrete in a drilled hole. In equilibrium stage, the
humidity of a concrete and air humidity in a drilled hole become same.
Drilling changes the stage of the concrete. This is due to the fact that heat is formed during
drilling.(Meantime the humidity of the concrete changes, because of the temperature
changes). To reach the equilibrium stage after drilling takes about three days. When the
equilibrium stage has been reached, the air humidity in a drilled hole and the concrete
humidity become equal. Then it is possible to make the humidity measurement.
For getting more reliable results, it is recommended to have several measurement points.
Measurement depth
Depth of a drilled hole
When drying of a concrete slab takes place from both sides, the minimum depth of
measurement (d) is made 20 % of the depth of the slab. When drying occurs from one side
only, the measurement depth (d ) is 40 % of the depth of a slab. See Figure 5.1.
Humidity profile (Figure 5.1)
The humidity profile of the slab depends on the drying of the concrete, i.e. whether the
concrete dries in one or in two directions. In concrete slabs drying in two directions, the
humidity is highest in the middle. After coating, the humidity spreads evenly throughout the
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User's Guide _______________________________________________________________________
slab until it corresponds to readings measured at the depth of approximately 20% of the slab.
In concrete slabs drying in one direction only, the humidity is highest at the bottom. After
coating, the humidity spreads evenly throughout the slab until it corresponds to readings
measured at the depth of approximately 40% of the slab.
DRYING IN TWO DIRECTIONS
coating
hole for the
plastic tube
humidity profile
hole for the
plastic tube
humidity profile
concrete slab
BEFORE COATING
hole for the
plastic tube
concrete slab
0.2xd
d
concrete slab
0.2xd
AFTER COATING
DRYING IN ONE DIRECTION
coating
humidity profile
0.4xd
BEFORE COATING
concrete slab
d
hole for the
plastic tube
AFTER COATING
humidity profile
0.4xd
Figure 5.1 Humidity profile before and after the coating
d
d
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