Tektronix TDS2000, TDS1000 User Manual
xx
TDS1000 & TDS2000 Series
Digital Storage Oscilloscopes
Operator Training Kit Manual
*P071115101*
071-1151-01
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TDS1000 & TDS2000 Series
Oscilloscopes
Operator Training Kit Manual
071-1151-01
www.tektronix.com
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WARRANTY
Tektronix warrants that the parts, assemblies and supplies (“products”) that it manufactures
and sells will be free from defects in materials and workmanship for a period of three (3)
months from the date of shipment. If a product proves defective during this warranty
period, Tektronix, at its option, either will repair the defective product without charge for
parts and labor, or will provide a replacement in exchange for the defective product.
In order to obtain service under this warranty, Customer must notify Tektronix of the defect
before the expiration of the warranty period and make suitable arrangements for the
performance of service. Customer shall be responsible for packaging and shipping the
defective product to the service center designated by Tektronix, with shipping charges
prepaid. Tektronix shall pay for the return of the product to Customer if the shipment is to
a location within the country in which the Tektronix service center is located. Customer
shall be responsible for paying all shipping charges, duties, taxes, and any other charges for
products returned to any other locations.
This warranty shall not apply to any defect, failure or damage caused by improper use or
improper or inadequate maintenance and care. Tektronix shall not be obligated to furnish
service under this warranty a) to repair damage resulting from attempts by personnel other
than Tektronix representatives to install, repair or service the product; b) to repair damage
resulting from improper use or connection to incompatible equipment; c) to repair any
damage or malfunction caused by the use of non-Tektronix supplies; or d) to service a
product that has been modified or integrated with other products when the effect of such
modification or integration increases the time or difficulty of servicing the product.
THIS WARRANTY IS GIVEN BY TEKTRONIX IN LIEU OF ANY OTHER
WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED. TEKTRONIX AND ITS VENDORS
DISCLAIM ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY OR
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. TEKTRONIX’ RESPONSIBILITY
TO REPAIR OR REPLACE DEFECTIVE PRODUCTS IS THE SOLE AND
EXCLUSIVE REMEDY PROVIDED TO THE CUSTOMER FOR BREACH OF
THIS WARRANTY. TEKTRONIX AND ITS VENDORS WILL NOT BE LIABLE
FOR ANY INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL
DAMAGES IRRESPECTIVE OF WHETHER TEKTRONIX OR THE VENDOR
HAS ADVANCE NOTICE OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.
General Safety Summary
Review the following safety precautions to avoid injury and prevent
damage to this product or any products connected to it. To avoid
potential hazards, use this product only as specified.
While using this product, you may need to access other parts of the
system. Read the General Safety Summary in other system manuals
for warnings and cautions related to operating the system.
To Avoid Fire or Personal Injury
Connect and Disconnect Properly. Do not connect or disconnect probes
or test leads while they are connected to a voltage source.
Connect the ground lead of the probe to earth ground only.
Replace Batteries Properly. Replace batteries only with the proper type
and rating specified.
Use Proper AC Adapter. Use only the AC adapter specified for this
product.
Use Proper Fuse. Use only the fuse type and rating specified for this
product.
Avoid Exposed Circuitry. Do not touch exposed connections and
components when power is present.
Do Not Operate With Suspected Failures. If you suspect there is damage
to this product, have it inspected by qualified service personnel.
Do Not Operate in Wet/Damp Conditions.
Do Not Operate in an Explosive Atmosphere.
Keep Product Surfaces C lean and Dry.
TDS1000 and TDS2000B Series Oscilloscopes -- Operator Training Kit
General Safety Summary
Safety Terms and Symbols
Terms in This Manual. These terms may appear in this manual:
WARNING. Warning statements identify conditions or practices that
could result in injury or loss of life.
CAUTION. Caution statements identify conditions or practices that
could result in damage to this product or other property.
Terms on the Product. These terms may appear on the product:
DANGER indicates an injury hazard immediately accessible as you
read the marking.
WARNING indicates an injury hazard not immediately accessible as
you read the marking.
CAUTION indicates a hazard to property including the product.
Symbols on the Product. These symbols may appear on the product:
CAUTION
Refer to Manual
Standby
TDS1000 and TDS2000B Series Oscilloscopes -- Operator Training Kit
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Address Tektronix, Inc.
Department or name (if known)
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distributor; see the Tektronix web site for a list of offices.
TDS1000 and TDS2000B Series Oscilloscopes -- Operator Training Kit
1-800-833-9200, select option 1*
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TDS1000 and TDS2000B Series Oscilloscopes -- Operator Training Kit
Table of Contents
Introduction to Oscilloscopes and Probes.................................1-1
Getting to Know Oscilloscopes............................................ 1-2
Introduction to Oscilloscopes........................................... 1-2
Types of Oscilloscopes.................................................... 1-5
Oscilloscope Terminology ............................................. 1-14
Getting to Know Probes..................................................... 1-23
Introduction to Probes ................................................... 1-23
Types of Voltage Probes............................................... 1-24
How Probes Affect Measurements................................ 1-27
Summary.................................................................................1-31
Getting Started with the TDS1000 and TDS2000 Series
Oscilloscopes ............................................................................2-1
Introduction to TDS1000 and TDS2000 Series Oscilloscopes
............................................................................................. 2-3
Features of the TDS1000 and TDS2000 Series
Oscilloscopes................................................................... 2-6
Safety Precautions ........................................................ 2-11
Preliminary Functional Check........................................ 2-13
Introduction to the Training 1 Signal Board...................2-16
probe compensation...................................................... 2-20
Primary Controls ................................................................ 2-25
VERTICAL Controls....................................................... 2-26
HORIZONTAL Controls................................................. 2-37
TRIGGER Controls........................................................2-42
Menu Function Controls ................................................ 2-56
TDS1000 and TDS2000 Series Oscilloscopes – Operator Training Kit i
Enhanced Features............................................................ 2-77
Help ............................................................................... 2-77
Autoset Feature............................................................. 2-88
DEFAULT SETUP Feature............................................2-96
SINGLE SEQ Feature ................................................... 2-96
Print Feature..................................................................2-97
Using VERTICAL Controls ........................................................3-1
VERTICAL Controls............................................................. 3-2
Setting Up VERTICAL Controls....................................... 3-4
Switching the Input Coupling...........................................3-6
VERTICAL Control MENU Buttons.................................... 3-12
Modifying the Vertical Scale of a Displayed Waveform. 3-12
MATH MENU Controls....................................................... 3-14
Adding Two Waveforms ................................................ 3-14
Subtracting Two Waveforms ......................................... 3-17
Performing FFT Operations........................................... 3-20
Summary.................................................................................3-23
Using HORIZONTAL Controls ..................................................4-1
HORIZONTAL Controls ....................................................... 4-2
Setting Up the HORIZONTAL Controls........................... 4-3
Setting the Delay Time for a Waveform .......................... 4-5
HORIZONTAL Control MENU Button..................................4-8
Expanding the Waveform Display ................................... 4-8
Summary.................................................................................4-13
ii TDS1000 and TDS2000 Series Oscilloscopes – Operator Training Kit
Using TRIGGER Controls .........................................................5-1
Trigger Controls ................................................................... 5-2
TRIGGER MENU Controls................................................... 5-4
Selecting a Trigger Type ................................................. 5-4
Selecting the Signal Coupling for a Trigger..................... 5-7
Using an External Trigger.............................................. 5-11
Triggering on a specific pulse width .............................. 5-16
Capturing a Single-shot Sig nal...................................... 5-21
Trigger Holdoff Controls.....................................................5-27
Assigning Trigger Holdoff to a Pseudo Random Signal 5-28
Assigning Trigger Holdoff to an AM Signal.................... 5-30
Summary.................................................................................5-35
Using Menu Function Controls..................................................6-1
MENU Function Controls ..................................................... 6-3
ACQUIRE Menu Function Controls ..................................... 6-5
Using the Peak Detect Acquisition Mode ........................ 6-7
Using the Average Acquisition Mode ............................ 6-11
DISPLAY Menu Function Controls .................................... 6-14
Selecting the Display Type............................................ 6-14
Using Persistence.......................................................... 6-18
Using the XY Display Mode........................................... 6-21
Measuring the Vertical Scale......................................... 6-24
Measuring the Horizontal Scale..................................... 6-27
Measuring Pulse Width.................................................. 6-29
Measuring Rise Time..................................................... 6-32
TDS1000 and TDS2000 Series Oscilloscopes – Operator Training Kit iii
MEASURE Menu Function Contro ls..................................6-36
Taking Automatic Measurements..................................6-36
SAVE/RECALL Menu Function Controls........................... 6-42
Saving and Recalling a Setup ....................................... 6-42
Saving and Recalling a Waveform ................................ 6-47
UTILITY Menu Function Controls ...................................... 6-50
Displaying the System Status........................................ 6-50
Summary.................................................................................6-53
Appendix A: Training 1 Signal Board: Signal Definitions……...A-1
Appendix B: Glossary……………………………………………..B-1
iv TDS1000 and TDS2000 Series Oscilloscopes – Operator Training Kit
Symbols
Here is a list of symbols used in this Operator Training
Kit. These symbols will help you navigate faster and
access specific types of information quickly.
Icon Description
Cross Reference
Placed next to text that
provides a link to details of the
topic being referred.
Ease of Use
Note
Objective
Procedure Start
Placed next to text that explains
how a feature makes the
oscilloscope easier to use.
Placed next to text that
provides an important piece of
information regarding a
procedure or feature.
Placed next to text that lists the
objectives for the lessons.
Placed next to text that
introduces a procedure.
TDS1000 and TDS2000 Series Oscilloscopes – Operator Training Kit v
vi TDS1000 and TDS2000 Series Oscilloscopes – Operator Training Kit
TDS1000 and TDS2000 Series Oscilloscopes – Operator Training Kit 1-1
1
Introduction to Oscilloscopes and Probes
The environment around us contains various energy
sources, such as electronic appliances, which generate
signals. Oscilloscopes allow you to observe these
signals to analyze the performance of their energy
sources. This module introduces you to oscilloscopes
and the methods to measure electrical signals by using
oscilloscopes and associated probes.
At the end of this module, you will be able to:
• Identify the types of oscilloscopes.
• List the terms to describe the performance of
oscilloscopes.
Probes
Introduction to Oscilloscopes and
1
• Identify the types of voltage probes.
• Describe the loading effects of probes on signals.
TDS1000 and TDS2000 Series Oscilloscopes – Operator Training Kit 1-1
1
Introduction to Oscilloscopes and Probes
Getting to Know Oscilloscopes
This section introduces you to oscilloscopes and
describes the different types of oscilloscopes and their
functions. The section includes the following topics:
• Introduction to Oscilloscopes
• Types of Oscilloscopes
• Oscilloscope Terminology
Introduction to Oscilloscopes
You use an oscilloscope to display electrical signals as
waveforms. A waveform is a graphical representation of
a wave.
An oscilloscope receives an electrical signal and
converts it into a waveform. The waveform shows the
change in voltage with time on the oscilloscope display
screen.
1-2 TDS1000 and TDS2000 Series Oscilloscopes – Operator Training Kit
1
Introduction to Oscilloscopes and Probes
You can use an oscilloscope to determine the following:
• The frequency of an oscillating signal
• The malfunctioning com ponent in an electrical circuit
• Whether the signal is direct current (DC) or
alternating current (AC)
• What part of the signal is noise
You can also use oscilloscopes to measure electrical
signals in response to physical stimuli, such as sound,
mechanical stress, pressure, light, or heat. For example,
a television technician can use an oscilloscope to
measure signals from a television circuit board while a
medical researcher can use an oscilloscope to measure
brain waves.
TDS1000 and TDS2000 Series Oscilloscopes – Operator Training Kit 1-3
1
Introduction to Oscilloscopes and Probes
An oscilloscope contains various controls that help you
analyze waveforms displayed on a graphical grid called
a graticule. The vertical or Y-axis of the graticule
typically represents voltage while the horizontal or X-axis
typically represents time.
Figure 1.1 shows how an oscilloscope displays voltage
and time.
Figure 1.1: Oscilloscope display
1-4 TDS1000 and TDS2000 Series Oscilloscopes – Operator Training Kit
Types of Oscilloscopes
Electronic equipment can be categorized into two types,
analog and digital. Analog equipment use variable
voltages while digital equipment use binary numbers that
represent voltage sam ples .
categorized into analog and digital.
Figure 1.2 shows an analog and a digital oscilloscope.
1
Introduction to Oscilloscopes and Probes
Similarly, oscill os copes are
Figure 1.2: Analog and digital oscilloscopes
TDS1000 and TDS2000 Series Oscilloscopes – Operator Training Kit 1-5
1
Introduction to Oscilloscopes and Probes
Analog Oscilloscopes
Let us look at how analog oscilloscopes work. Figure 1.3
shows a block diagram of an analog oscilloscope.
Figure 1.3: Block diagram of an analog oscilloscope
When you connect an analog oscilloscope to a circuit,
the voltage signal from the circuit travels to the vertical
deflection plates of the oscilloscope screen, which is a
phosphor-coated cathode-ray tube (CRT). As a result,
when an electron beam strikes the phosphor coating of
the CRT, a glowing dot appears. When you apply
voltage to the deflection plates, the glowing dot moves.
1-6 TDS1000 and TDS2000 Series Oscilloscopes – Operator Training Kit
1
Introduction to Oscilloscopes and Probes
A positive voltage causes the dot to move up while a
negative voltage causes the dot to move down. The
signal also travels to a trigger system, which initiates a
horizontal sweep. The trigger causes the time base on
the X-axis of the display grid to move the glowing dot
from left to right across the screen within a specified time
interval. When many sweeps occur in a rapid sequence,
the movements of the glowing dot blend into a solid line.
Together, the horizontal sweeping and vertical deflecting
actions are displayed as a signal graph on the screen.
You use triggering to stabilize a repeating signal. Proper
triggering ensures that the sweep begins at the same
point of a repeating signal so that a stable waveform is
visible.
Figure 1.4 shows untriggered and triggered waveforms.
Figure 1.4: Untriggered and triggered display
TDS1000 and TDS2000 Series Oscilloscopes – Operator Training Kit 1-7
1
Introduction to Oscilloscopes and Probes
In analog oscilloscopes, the CRT limits the range of sine
wave frequencies that the oscilloscope can display. At
low frequencies, the signal appears as a bright, slowmoving dot that does not display the waveform. When
signal frequencies exceed the display speed of the CRT,
the displayed signal is distorted, attenuated, or both.
You can use an analog oscilloscope to display rapidly
varying signals in real time. The phosphor-based display
of an analog oscilloscope has an intensity grading
feature, which makes the trace appear brighter where
the signal features occur most frequently. You can then
distinguish between signal details by observing the
intensity levels of the displayed waveform.
1-8 TDS1000 and TDS2000 Series Oscilloscopes – Operator Training Kit
Digital Oscilloscopes
In contrast to analog oscilloscopes, digital oscilloscopes
use an analog-to-digital converter (ADC). An ADC
converts the voltage being measured into a digital
format. A digital oscilloscope acquires a waveform as a
series of signal samples, which are stored in its memory
and then reassembled for viewing on the screen.
Digital oscilloscopes are categorized into two types,
digital storage oscilloscopes (DSO) and digital phosphor
oscilloscopes (DPO). Let us look at how these two types
of digital oscilloscopes work.
1
Introduction to Oscilloscopes and Probes
TDS1000 and TDS2000 Series Oscilloscopes – Operator Training Kit 1-9
1
Introduction to Oscilloscopes and Probes
Digital Storage Oscilloscopes
In a DSO, an ADC takes samples of a signal at discrete
points in time and converts the voltage at these points to
digital values called sample points. The DSO contains a
sample clock that determines the frequency at which the
ADC takes samples. The rate at which the ADC takes
samples is called the sample rate and is measured in
samples per second.
The sample points from the ADC are stored in the
memory as waveform points. These waveform points
make one waveform record. The number of waveform
points used to make a waveform record is called the
record length. A waveform is then displayed on the
screen.
1-10 TDS1000 and TDS2000 Series Oscilloscopes – Operator Training Kit
1
Introduction to Oscilloscopes and Probes
Figure 1.5 shows the block diagram of a DSO.
Figure 1.5: Block diagram of a DSO
A DSO contains a microprocessor (represented by uP in
the figure above) that processes the signal, manages
display activities, and interprets front panel controls.
TDS1000 and TDS2000 Series Oscilloscopes – Operator Training Kit 1-11
1
Introduction to Oscilloscopes and Probes
Digital Phosphor Oscilloscopes
A DPO uses electronic Digital Phosphor to display
waveforms on the screen. Digital Phosphor is a
database that uses separate cells to store information
corresponding to each pixel of the oscilloscope display
screen. Every time a waveform triggers, the cells that
map to the display path of the waveform are updated
with intensity inform ation. In tensi t y infor mation increases
in cells through which the waveform passes.
When the Digital Phosphor database is loaded on the
display screen of the oscilloscope, the screen shows
intensified waveform areas, in proportion to the
frequency of occurrence of the signal at each point. A
DPO may also allow varying fr equency of signal details
to be displayed in different colors.
1-12 TDS1000 and TDS2000 Series Oscilloscopes – Operator Training Kit
1
Introduction to Oscilloscopes and Probes
Figure 1.6 shows how a DPO works.
Figure 1.6: Block diagram of DPO
Similar to a DSO, a DPO also uses a microprocessor for
display management, measurement automation, and
analysis of the displayed waveforms.
TDS1000 and TDS2000 Series Oscilloscopes – Operator Training Kit 1-13
1
Introduction to Oscilloscopes and Probes
Oscilloscope Terminology
This topic discusses the terminology related to the
following categories:
• Types of waves
• Waveform measurements
• Performance terms
Types of Waves
You use waveform shapes to analyze a signal. Different
types of waveforms represent different types of signals.
Waveforms are classified into the following groups:
• Sine waves
• Square and rectangular waves
• Step and pulse waves
• Sawtooth and triangle waves
• Complex waves
1-14 TDS1000 and TDS2000 Series Oscilloscopes – Operator Training Kit
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