Sony SX90, U100, U100CR, SX90CR User Manual

Digital Camera Module

A-CUJ-100-12 (1)

Technical Manual

XCD-V60CR/SX90CR/U100CR

(Color model)

XCD-V60/SX90/U100

(Black and white model)

Table of Contents

Overview

Main Features ........................................................ 3

System Components .............................................. 4

Connection Diagram ............................................. 5

Location and Function of Parts and Operation .. 6

Front/Top/Bottom ............................................... 6

Rear .................................................................... 6

Installation ............................................................. 7

Fitting the lens .................................................... 7

Using a tripod ..................................................... 7

Connecting the camera cable ............................ 7

When power supply from the IEEE1394b

connector is insufficient ................................... 7

Notes on Operation ................................................ 8

Phenomena Specific to CCD Image Sensors ....... 8

Functions

Gain ........................................................................ 9

Shutter .................................................................... 9

Absolute Value Control for the Shutter ............... 9

Auto Exposure ..................................................... 10

Gamma ................................................................. 10

Lookup Table ....................................................... 10

3 × 3 Image Filter ................................................ 10

Trigger .................................................................. 11

Pan/Tilt ................................................................. 12

Brightness ............................................................. 12

Sharpness (Black and white models only) ......... 12

Saturation (Color models only) .......................... 12

White Balance (Color models only) ................... 12

Hue (Color models only) ..................................... 12

Trigger Delay ....................................................... 12

GPIO ..................................................................... 12

Strobe Control ..................................................... 13

Setting AE/AWB Control Frame and Parameters

................................................................................ 13

Test Charts ........................................................... 13

Changing Bayer Patterns (Color models only) . 13

Trigger Inhibition ................................................ 13

User Free Memory ............................................... 13

Memory Shot ....................................................... 14

Broadcast Command ........................................... 14

1394 Bus Synchronization .................................. 14

Partial Scan .......................................................... 15

Binning Mode ....................................................... 16

Format7 Mode4 for XCD-V60/V60CR .............. 16

16-bit Mode .......................................................... 16

Control

Camera Command Status Register ....................17

ConfigurationROM ..............................................18

Control Base Address ..........................................20

Inquiring about Supported Video Modes ..........20

Video Mode Settings (S800) ................................21

Video Mode Settings (S400) ................................21

Starting/Stopping Video Transfer

(ContinuousShot) .................................................21

OneShot and MultiShot .......................................21

Control of IIDC Standard Features ...................22

The formula for absolute value shutter control

Control of IIDC Optional Features ....................26

Control of Sony’s Unique Features ....................27

LUT (LookUp Table) ........................................27

3 × 3 Filter ........................................................28

Display of Test Chart ........................................28

Trigger Inhibition ..............................................29

User Free Memory ............................................29

Setting AWB (Auto White Balance) Parameters

.........................................................................30

Setting AE (Auto Exposure) Parameters ..........30

Memory Shot ....................................................31

Notes on the Camera Operations .......................32

If Frame Rate Decrease Occurs ........................32

When Using Trigger Mode ...............................32

On Sensitivity in Binning Mode .......................32

Auto Shutter Control and Absolute Value Shutter

Control ............................................................32

On Accuracy of Auto White Balance ...............32

Specifications

Specifications ........................................................33

Video Modes Supported ......................................34

Appendix

Spectral Sensitivity (Relative Response)

Parameters ............................................................36

Dimensions ............................................................38

Overview

the cameras, or exposure starts on all the cameras simultaneously using a software trigger.

The six models of the XCD-series digital camera modules (Black and white models and RAW color models) employing the IEEE1394b-2002 standard are equipped with quality digital camera features. Although it is compact, the camera allows high-speed image transfer and daisy chain connection with two IEEE1394b connectors. The camera also has versatile features such as hardware preprocessing in the camera that reduces the load of image processing in a PC, bus synchronization, and broadcast delivery of commands. The XCD-series digital output cameras conforming to the IIDC 1.31 protocol take full advantages of IEEE1394 capabilities.

Main Features

High image quality, high-speed image output

The image device, output frame rate and resolution of the cameras are as follows: XCD-V60/V60CR: 1/3-type PS IT CCD, 90 fps, VGA XCD-SX90/SX90CR: 1/3-type PS IT CCD, 30 fps, SXGA XCD-U100/U100CR: 1/1.8-type PS IT CCD, 15 fps, UXGA

Memory channel

The memory channel allows storage of up to 15 sets of camera settings such as gain and shutter.

Bulk trigger mode

The Bulk trigger mode allows output of multiple images with a shot of a trigger signal. Each image is shot with the camera settings stored in the memory channel. Up to 15 image settings are possible.

Memory Shot

The image exposed from the sensor is stored in the camera’s built-in memory. The stored image can be read out using a command from the host PC when required.

Standard image size (H × V)

Bit length

Mono8/

Raw8

Mono16/

Raw16

XCD-V60/ V60CR

640 × 480 (VGA)

54 frames 13 frames 8 frames

27 frames 6 frames 4 frames

XCD-SX90/ SX90CR

1,280 × 960 (SXGA)

XCD-U100/ U100CR

1,600 × 1,200 (UXGA)

Overview

Daisy chain connection

The camera is equipped with two IEEE1394b connectors that support connection of multiple cameras. As the power can be supplied from a 12-pin connector, the camera achieves daisy chain connection without limitation of power supply capacity so that a simple image processing system with multiple cameras can be developed.

Hardware preprocessing

The camera is equipped with hardware LUT (Lookup Tab le). The black and white models are also equipped with 3 × 3 pixel matrix operation.

Bus synchronization

The cameras connected to the same bus automatically operate in synchronization with the 1394 bus, without using an external sync signal. The exposure timing on multiple cameras is synchronized correctly via the IEEE1394b cable only.

Partial scan

Partial scan clips a required angle of view (area) from the entire screen to be read out. As a part of the image is read out, the unit takes advantage of reduced image data and high-speed transfer. The minimum clipping unit is 32 pixels × 24 lines.

Binning

Binning increases the sensitivity and frame rate based on mixing the pixel data.

9-pin connector with fixing screws

Low power consumption, vibration and shock-resistant structure, and compact size

IIDC Ver.1.31 protocol compliant

Broadcast delivery of commands

The camera settings for all the cameras connected to the same bus can be changed at the same time. For example, the gain or shutter speed is set to the same value on all

System Components

The camera module imaging system comprises the following products.

Overview

Products 1 to 4 are used for the basic configuration, and 1 to 7 for the optional configuration. (All the products except the camera module are available separately.)

1 Camera module

This is a small-size, high-resolution, camera module using a CCD image sensor.

2 IEEE1394b camera cable (commercially

available)

Connect this cable to the IEEE1394b connector on the rear panel of the camera module. The power and image/control signals are transmitted through this cable. To prevent a poor connection or damage to the camera or cable, use the cable equipped with fixing screws.

6 DC-700/700CE camera adaptor (Sony)

Connect this adaptor to the camera module to enable power supply from an ordinary AC power source.

7 CCXC-12P02N (2 m, 6.6 ft)/05N (5 m, 16.4 ft)/

10N (10 m, 32.8 ft)/25N (25 m, 82 ft) camera cable (Sony)

Connect this cable to the 12-pin I/O connector on the rear panel of the camera module. The cable is used for power supply and exchange of trigger signals.

3 C-mount lens (commercially available)

Use an appropriate lens for the camera module and usage.

4 Camera module interface board (commercially

available)

Install the board in a PCI bus slot of a host device such as a PC. Select an IEEE1394 interface board to match your system. Select an IEEE1394b interface board if you use the transfer speed of 800 Mbps.

5 VCT-ST70I tripod adaptor (Sony)

Attach this adaptor to the bottom of the camera module to fix the camera module to a tripod.

Connection Diagram

XCD-V60/V60CR/SX90/ SX90CR/U100/U100CR

C-mount lens

Overview

IEEE1394b cable

Host adaptor card

Host equipment (PC, etc.)

VCT-ST70I Tripod Adaptor

Rear

Location and Function of Parts and Operation

Overview

Front/Top/Bottom

4 IEEE1394b connectors

Connect an IEEE1394b camera cable (not supplied) to this connector.

Pin No. Signal Pin No. Signal

1TPB– 6VG

2TPB+ 7NC

3TPA– 8VP

4TPA+ 9TPBG

5TPAG

1 Lens mount (C-mount)

Attach any C-mount lens or other optical equipment.

Note

The lens must not project more than 10 mm (13/32 inch) from the lens mount.

1 Lens mount face 210 mm (13/32 inch) or less

2 Auxiliary holes (top)

3 Reference holes (bottom)

These precision screw holes are for locking the camera module. Locking the camera module into these holes secures the optical axis alignment.

For details, see “Dimensions” on page 38.

Four screw reference holes 3 can be used as the tripod adaptor screw holes, too. Screw the VCTST70I tripod adaptor into the four screw holes when you use a tripod.

5 12-pin I/O connector

When power from the IEEE1394b connector is insufficient, power is supplied through this connector. Connect a camera cable such as the CCXC-12P05N to this connector.

Pin No. Signal Pin No. Signal

1 Power GND 7 GPIO IN 2

2 Power IN 8 GPIO OUT 2–

3 ISO GND 9 GPIO OUT 2+

4 Strobe OUT 10 GPIO IN 1

5 GPIO OUT 1– 11 Trigger IN

6 GPIO OUT 1+ 12 ISO GND

Installation

Fitting the lens

Remove the lens mount cap.

Screw in the lens (not supplied), and turn it until it is secured.

Note

Clean the optical filter with a commercially available blower brush to remove dust.

Overview

1 IEEE1394b connector 2 Fixing screws 3 IEEE1394b camera cable (not supplied) 4 IEEE1394b connector cap

The IEEE1394b connector on the right has a cover cap exclusively for this camera. If you use this connector, remove the cap. The unused connector shall be covered with the cap.

Note

Loose fixing screws may cause a poor connection or damage to the camera or cable. Be sure to tighten the fixing screws.

When power supply from the IEEE1394b connector is

Using a tripod

To use the tripod, install the VCT-ST70I tripod adaptor (not supplied) on the camera module. Use a tripod screw with a protrusion ( ) extending from the installation surface, as follows, and tighten the screw using a hand screwdriver.

: 4.5 to 5.5 mm (0.18 to 0.22 inches)

Note

When you install the tripod adaptor, use the screws supplied with the tripod adaptor.

Connecting the camera cable

Connect a commercially available IEEE1394b camera cable to the IEEE1394b connector and the 1394b interface connector of your PC. When you connect the cable, insert the cable connector into the IEEE1394b connector until it snaps into place, holding it. Then, tighten the fixing screws placed on both sides of the cable connector.

insufficient

Power can be supplied to the camera module via the DC700/700CE camera adaptor (optional) and a camera cable such as CCXC-12P05N (optional) if power supply from the IEEE1394b connector is insufficient.

1 12-pin I/O connector 2 Camera cable (e.g. CCXC-12P05N) 3 to AC power source 4 CAMERA connector 5 AC IN connector 6 Trigger generator

Notes on Operation

Phenomena Specific to

Overview

Power supply

Power is supplied to the camera module via the IEEE1394b cable connected to a PC. If the power supply is insufficient, use the DC-700/700CE that supplies stable power with less ripple or noise.

Foreign bodies

Be careful not to spill liquids, or drop any flammable or metal objects in the camera body.

Locations for operation and storage

Avoid operation or storage in the following places.

• Extremely hot or cold locations. Recommended temperature range is 0°C to 40°C (32°F to 104°F)

• Locations subject to strong vibration or shock

• Near generators of strong electromagnetic radiation such as TV or radio transmitters

Care

Use a blower to remove dust from the surface of the lens or optical filter. Clean the exterior with a soft, dry cloth. If the camera is very grimy, apply a cloth soaked in a mild detergent then wipe with a dry cloth. Do not apply organic solvents such as alcohol which may damage the finish.

Note on laser beams

Laser beams may damage a CCD. You are cautioned that the surface of a CCD should not be exposed to laser beam radiation in an environment where a laser beam device is used.

The following phenomena that may appear in images are specific to CCD (Charge Coupled Device) image sensors. They do not indicate malfunctions.

White flecks

Although the CCD image sensors are produced with high-precision technologies, fine white flecks may be generated on the screen in rare cases, caused by cosmic rays, etc. This is related to the principle of CCD image sensors and is not a malfunction.

The white flecks especially tend to be seen in the following cases:

• when operating at a high environmental temperature

• when you have raised the gain (sensitivity)

• when using the slow shutter

Vertical smear

When an extremely bright object, such as a strong spotlight or flashlight, is being shot, vertical tails may be produced on the screen, or the image may be distorted.

Aliasing

When fine patterns, stripes, or lines are shot, they may appear jagged or flicker.

CCD Image Sensors

Functions

Gain

Both Manual and Auto Gain settings are available with this camera. The variable range extends from 0 to 24 dB for the black and white models or from 0 to 18 dB for the color models. The camera is designed so that the gain can be subdivided and set by 0.0359 dB. At the factory default setting, the gain is set to 0 dB. When Auto Gain is selected, the gain is adjusted automatically, based on the brightness of the subject. At this time, the reference level (target point) is set in the AutoExposure register.

For details on AutoExposure, see “Auto Exposure” on page 10.

16 s

1 s

10 µs

3 1000

When Auto Shutter is selected, the exposure time is adjusted automatically, based on the brightness of the subject. At this time, the reference level (target point) is set in the AutoExposure register.

For details on AutoExposure, see “Auto Exposure” on page 10.

1150

Functions

Shutter

This camera allows both Manual and Auto Shutter settings. The variable range extends from 10 microseconds to

16.0 seconds; relative values are indicated by a 12-bit integer, and absolute values are indicated using a 32-bit floating point value.

The relationship between the parameter and the exposure time is given by the following formulas, where:

P = Parameter (003h to 47Eh) E = Exposure time (s)

If P= 3

E = 0.00001

If 4 <= P <= 1000

If 1000 <= P <= 1150

For long exposure times

When the exposure time is longer than the frame period, the camera enters the long exposure time mode, and the actual frame rate is reduced in accordance with the exposure time.

Absolute Value Control for the Shutter

This camera allows control of exposure time using absolute values. The values are indicated using a 32-bit floating point value. (Unit: sec.) The variable range of absolute values extends from 10 microseconds to 16.0 seconds.

Programming example

union {

DWORD dwValue; // 1394 is expressed in quadlets, float fValue; // exposure time is indicated in seconds.

} AbsoluteShutterValue;

Setting examples

3 (003h) : 10 µs (1/100000)

32 (020h) : 1 ms (1/1000)

100 (064h) : 10 ms (1/100)

1000 (3E8h) : 1 s

1010 (3F2h) : 2 s

1150 (47Eh) : 16 s

AbsoluteShutterValue.fValue = Exposure time; WriteQuad(AbsoluteShutterOffsetAddress, AbsoluteShutterValue.dwValue);

WriteQuad is a virtual function used to write in the 1394 register. AbsoluteShutterOffsetAddress is an offset address for the absolute value control.

See “ConfigurationROM” on page 18 for the formula for the offset address.

Auto Exposure

Lookup Table

AutoExposure is a function that automatically adjusts the gain and shutter settings, based on the brightness of the subject. When the gain or shutter is set to Auto, the brightness is adjusted automatically to the value specified with AutoExposure.

Functions

The lookup table of this camera consists of 1,024 tables with10-bit input and 10-bit output. The lookup table allows setting of an arbitrary gamma curve or binary segmentation.

3 × 3 Image Filter

Gamma

For black and white models only, simple image This camera uses the gamma function to select the lookup table.

0: Linear 1: Reverse 2: Equivalent of Gamma = 0.70 3: User setting

To set an arbitrary gamma curve, prestore the setting values in the lookup table (EEPROM) of the camera.

processing using the 3 x 3 image filter is possible on

hardware.

0: Filter OFF 1: Sharpness enabled 2: Horizontal edge detection (Type 1) 3: Vertical edge detection (Type 1) 4: Horizontal edge detection (Type 2) 5: Vertical edge detection (Type 2) 6: Edge emphasis (Type 1) 7: Edge emphasis (Type 2) 8: User setting

Note

Sharpness is disabled when the 3 × 3 image filter is set

to 0, or 2 to 8.

Trigger

Trigger shutter is useful for capturing images in response to a trigger that starts the exposure to match a preset timing. It can also be used to capture an image using multiple cameras with the same timing. When a trigger shutter is used, the required trigger is input via the 12-pin connector on the rear panel. The input signal is a 5 to 24 V negative pulse. As the input connector is pulled inside of the camera, the camera can receive a trigger only by short-circuiting the input pin and ISO (GND) pin.

Note

To connect to ground, use a device having a minimum pulse width of 10 microseconds and an input current of

0.5 mA or more.

This camera supports four trigger modes: 0, 1, 14 and

15.

High level: 5 to 24 V DC

Low level: 0 to 0.44 V DC

0 V DC

Exposure

Setting in Memory channel 1

Setting in Memory channel 2

Trigger mode 15 (Sequential trigger mode)

Trigger mode 15 allows shooting of images by loading the camera settings prestored in memory channels in sequence each time a trigger is input.

Trigger

Exposure

Setting in Memory channel 1

Setting in Memory channel 2

As this camera is equipped with 15 memory channels, a repeat pattern of up to 15 image shootings can be set for trigger mode 14 or 15. The number of the repeat patterns to be set in one cycle can be determined by the parameter of the trigger mode. Memory channel 0 is not used for the Bulk trigger mode and the Sequential trigger mode.

Functions

Trigger mode 0

Trigger mode 0 starts exposure by detecting the falling edge of a trigger signal. The exposure time is determined by the shutter parameter.

Trigger

Exposure

Trigger mode 1

Trigger mode 1 controls the exposure time using the width of the trigger signal pulse. When trigger mode 1 is used, there is actually no limit to the exposure time.

Trigger

Exposure

The following features are loaded from the memory to be set for shooting:

– Brightness

– Sharpness

– Saturation

– White balance

– Hue

– Gamma

– Shutter

– Gain

– Pan/Tilt

– Optical Filter

Note that the Auto mode of White Balance, Shutter and Gain cannot be set. Also note that Pan/Tilt is set only when the current video mode is the same as the video mode selected when the setting has been stored in the memory channel.

This camera can also be used with a software trigger that issues the trigger signal via software command. Trigger modes 0, 1, 14 and 15 can be used with software triggers.

Trigger mode 14 (Bulk trigger mode)

Trigger mode 14 allows shooting of multiple images with different camera settings using only one trigger signal. The camera settings should be prestored in memory channels.

Pan/Tilt

Hue (Color models only)

Pan/Tilt is a function used to move a camera up and down or left and right. However this camera supports a video mode much smaller than the CCD’s effective pixels by cutting out images from the whole screen. You can specify the portion to be cut out using Pan/Tilt commands.

Functions

The variable range differs according to the selected video mode.

When a video mode is changed, the pan/tilt values are set to the default setting.

When the white balance cannot be obtained with the R

and B level adjustment, you can change the G level by

hue adjustment. Normally use the default hue setting.

Trigger Delay

Issue of a trigger signal can be delayed from the external

trigger inside the camera.

This delay adjustment is useful to get an appropriate

shooting timing when the position of the subject is not

good at a regular trigger timing.

Brightness

This feature controls the black level of a video image.

Sharpness (Black and white models only)

This feature controls the image quality. A smaller value makes the image softer, and a larger value makes it sharper. The Sharpness feature cannot be used together with the 3 × 3 filter.

GPIO

A general-purpose I/O port with a 2-bit output and 2-bit

input is assigned in the 12-pin connector.

This port is used for reading information of external

switches and sensors from the camera and controlling

external devices.

The output terminal is of the open-collector type and

should be pulled outside of the camera (5 to 24 V).

Note on input

Connect to ISO (GND) using an input device with a

minimum signal width of 0.5 msec and an input current

of 0.5 mA or more.

Saturation (Color models only)

This feature controls the color density.

White Balance (Color models only)

This feature controls the white balance by setting the R and B levels relative to the G level. The camera also supports the Auto white balance by which the camera automatically adjusts the white balance.

Note on output

Use the following conditions:

Recommended pull-up resistor: 4.7 kΩ

Recommended pull-up voltage: 5 V

Minimum signal width: 0.5 msec

The camera is equipped with a protective resistor of 220

Ω. If the above conditions prove difficult in use, check

the output voltage and determine the external pull-up

resistor.

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