SMA SB 4200TL User Manual
Sunny Boy 4200TL Multi-String
Transformerless Solar Inverter for Two Independent PV Strings
Operating Instructions Version 2.0 SB4200-12:FE4804
SMA Technologie AG
Revision History
Document number Changes Author
SB4200-11:FE2303 First Issue Salisbury
SB4200-11:FE0904 Failure Messages Siebert
SB4200-12:FE4804 Firmware Modifications Siebert
Operating Instructions SB5000-12:FE4804 Page 3
SMA Technologie AG
Page 4 SB5000-12:FE4804 Operating Instructions
SMA Technologie AG Table of Contents
Table of Contents
1 Introduction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
2 Safety Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
3 Device Description. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
3.1 Device Design. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11
3.2 Operating States. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14
3.2.1 Normal Operating States . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14
3.2.2 Critical Failure States . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15
3.2.3 Uncritical Failure States. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15
3.2.4 Description of Operating States. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16
3.3 Status Messages on the Optional Display . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26
3.4 Configuration of the Display Language . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29
4 Service and Maintenance. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
5 Plant Monitoring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
5.1 Sunny Data. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33
5.1.1 Sunny Data via Power Line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33
5.1.2 Sunny Data via RS232 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .34
5.1.3 Sunny Data via RS485 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .34
5.1.4 Sunny Data via Sunny Beam . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .35
5.2 Sunny Beam . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .35
5.3 Sunny Boy Control Light. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .35
5.4 Sunny Boy Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .36
5.5 Sunny Boy Control Plus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .36
5.6 Sunny Data Control. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .37
5.7 Sunny WebBox . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .38
5.8 Sunny Portal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .38
5.9 Sunny TV . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .39
6 Technical Documentation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
6.1 Data PV Generator Connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .41
6.2 Data Grid Connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .41
6.3 Description of Device. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .42
6.4 Measurement Channels and Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .44
6.4.1 Measurement Channels. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .44
6.4.2 Status Messages. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45
6.4.3 Sunny Boy 4200TL Operating Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . .47
6.4.4 Precision of Measured Value Acquisition . . . . . . . . . . . . .49
6.4.5 Failure Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .50
6.5 Declaration of Conformity (CE) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .54
6.6 Clean Report of Findings (Grid Guard). . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .55
7 Glossary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
Operating Instructions SB5000-12:FE4804 Page 5
SMA Technologie AG
8 Contact. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
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SMA Technologie AG Introduction
1 Introduction
You have decided to use one of the most advanced devices for modular PV system technology by purchasing
a Sunny Boy 4200TL Multi-String. The Sunny Boy
4200TL Multi-String is one of the first inverters that utilizes the Multi-String Technology from SMA and convinces with its outstanding qualities concerning efficiency
and reliability.
The Sunny Boys comply with all regulations from the
VDEW (Association of German Electricity Producers)
for supplementary grid feeding to the low voltage electricity grid of the utility. This includes the regulations of
the employee association (Berufsgenossenschaft für
Feinmechanik und Elektrotechnik) concerning the „Independent Disconnection Device“ known as MSD (Mains monitoring device with allocated Switching Devices) and the regulations of the DIN VDE 0126. Furthermore
the Sunny Boy complies with the according harmonized standards and the low voltage regulations as certified in the CE declaration (see chapter 6.5 "Declaration of Conformity (CE)" (page 54)).
This document contains the „Operating Instructions“ of the Sunny Boy 4200TL MultiString. They are meant as guidelines on how to use all functions of the Sunny Boy
4200TL Multi-String optimally and how you can extend your existing PV plant.
Erdschluss
Earth
F
ault
-00
Art.-Nr.: 86
This part of device documentation especially deals with those topics that are relevant
to the operation of the Sunny Boy 4200TL Multi-String. For the installation of the Sunny Boy 4200TL Multi-String please have a look at the „Installation Guide“.
Operating Instructions SB4200-12:FE4804 Page 7
Introduction SMA Technologie AG
Page 8 SB4200-12:FE4804 Operating Instructions
SMA Technologie AG Safety Instructions
2 Safety Instructions
Opening the device and by that
• the electrical installation,
• the repair or
•the modification
of the Sunny Boy 4200TL Multi-String may only be done by a
qualified technician. Even if there are no external voltages on
the device there may be high voltages that are hazardous to
touch.
The temperature of individual parts of the enclosure of the
Sunny Boy 4200TL Multi-String – especially the one of the heat
sinks – can reach 85 °C even in normal operation. There is a
danger of burning yourself when touching the Sunny Boy.
The Sunny Boy 4200TL Multi-String is equipped with the anti-islanding unit
„SMA grid guard“. The Sunny Boy 4200TL Multi-String therefore complies
with the VDEW guidelines for grid interactive inverters and the DIN VDE
0126 (4.99) specified in this regulation.
Operating Instructions SB4200-12:FE4804 Page 9
Safety Instructions SMA Technologie AG
Page 10 SB4200-12:FE4804 Operating Instructions
SMA Technologie AG Device Description
3 Device Description
The Sunny Boy 4200TL Multi-String is used in order to convert DC power from photovoltaic modules to AC voltage and subsequently feed this to the 230 V / 50 Hz
utility. The technical data are specified in chapter 6 "Technical Documentation" (page
41) of this document.
String A
Erdschluss
Earth
F
a
u
l
t
6-00
8
Art.-Nr.:
String B
Photovoltaic
Modules
Sunny Boy 4200TL
Multi-String
Utility
Fig. 3.1: Basic Principle of an Utility Interactive PV Plant with a Sunny Boy 4200TL
Multi-String
Usage of the Sunny Boy 4200TL Multi-String in any applications different from this
will void the warranty.
3.1 Device Design
We have focused on a simple functional design when we developed the Sunny Boy
string inverters. In its basic design the Sunny Boy 4200TL Multi-String does not need
more than three LEDs for status display. A display unit is available. The display can
be already installed when your Sunny Boy is delivered as well as it can be additionally installed later.
The Sunny Boy 4200TL Multi-String will operate fully automatically without any modification or configuration as long as it is installed and commissioned according to
the technical specifications. It can nevertheless be modified in terms of operating parameters if necessary. An additional communication interface is required for this,
which also can be used in order to acquire operating data for performance evaluation. Please have a look at chapter 5 "Plant Monitoring" (page 33) for details.
As shown in Fig. 3.2: "Block circuit diagram and typical use of the Sunny Boy 4200TL
Multi-String" (page 12) up to two independent strings of a PV generator can be connected to the Sunny Boy 4200TL Multi-String. As each of the two input ports has its
own separate MPP tracker, it is no problem to connect strings with different orientation and different modules.
Operating Instructions SB4200-12:FE4804 Page 11
Device Description SMA Technologie AG
Even nominal data of current, voltage and power of the two strings may be different
as long as they do not exceed the specifications listed in chapter 6 "Technical Documentation" (page 41).
String A
String B
Grid
Current
BFS
Control
MPP
DC/DC Converter
MPP
MPP
DC/DC Converter
System Control
MSD
DC-Bus
Commu-
nication
Common
Inverter
RCB
Public
Utility
Fig. 3.2: Block circuit diagram and typical use of the Sunny Boy 4200TL Multi-
String
The power converted in all two input units (DC/DC converters) is fed to the connected
grid with one common inverter module.
Due to this design the specific costs are kept low and system management can be optimized.
Page 12 SB4200-12:FE4804 Operating Instructions
SMA Technologie AG Device Description
All connections to the PV strings and the public grid as well as the optional communication cables are on the bottom of the Sunny Boy 4200TL Multi-String.
Cable opening for grid con-
String A String A
nection
(-) (+)
String B String B
(-) (+)
Opening for optional communication via radio, powerline,
RS232 or RS485 (for PG 16)
Fig. 3.3: Bottom view of the Sunny Boy 4200TL Multi-String
Operating Instructions SB4200-12:FE4804 Page 13
Device Description SMA Technologie AG
3.2 Operating States
The different operating states are displayed with three LEDs in the lid of the Sunny
Boy 4200TL Multi-String.
Photovoltaik-Stringwechselrichter
Photovoltaic string inverter
Especially in the first year after installation the operator of the plant
should regularly have a look at this display at different times of the day
and at different insolation.
You will find a complete description of all signal codes in chapter 3.2.4 "Description
of Operating States" (page 16). The operating states can be divided into three categories:
3.2.1 Normal Operating States
As long as no LED or only the green LED is blinking, the Sunny Boy 4200TL MultiString is in one of its normal operating states. If all three LEDs are on, the inverter is
in its initialization phase which is a normal operating state as well. All other signals
indicate a disturbed operating state.
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SMA Technologie AG Device Description
3.2.2 Critical Failure States
Due to a comprehensive safety concept, the number of critical operating states can
be reduced to one:
Input voltage exceeding specification
This is shown with the following blinking code of the yellow LED:
When the failure occurs,
the yellow failure LED is on
Yellow LED is blinking 4
times in short intervals.
LED on
LED off
5s
3s 1s1s 1s 1s
The signal is repeated 3 times and
then starts from the beginning.
Immediately disconnect the PV generator from the inverter!
The Sunny Boy can otherwise be severly damaged.
for five seconds and then
starts to send the blinking
code by remaining off for
three senconds and blinking four times in short intervals. The code is sent
three times. If the failure
persists the code is repeated.
3.2.3 Uncritical Failure States
All other signaling codes show uncritical operating states. These normally do not
mean any high danger of people or device, but their cause must be found and removed immediately in order to avoid yield losses.
Despite all the necessary precaution it is possible that there are additional faults
which can not be signaled (e. g. failure of the status display). To be able to detect
such failures as well, the operator should check the display of normal operating states
for plausibility based on the explanations given in chapter 3.2.4 "Description of Operating States" (page 16). For example if the green LED is on in the middle of the night,
this means as much a failure as if no LED is on in full sunlight.
You can diagnose the states in much more detail with one of the communication interfaces described in chapter 5 "Plant Monitoring" (page 33).
Operating Instructions SB4200-12:FE4804 Page 15
Device Description SMA Technologie AG
3.2.4 Description of Operating States
Stand-by at Night
The Sunny Boy 4200TL Multi-String is
in so-called stand-by operation. This
state is reached if the input power at
All LEDs are off
Initialization
All LEDs are on
Feeding Operation
Green LED is on
the inverter is too low for feeding
operation (all string voltages are below 125 V) and not sufficient for
normal operation.
The on-board computer of the Sunny
Boy 4200TL Multi-String is in the initialization phase. At least one of the
string voltages on the inverter is between approx. 125 V and approx.
750 V. Power is already supplied to
the internal board, but is not yet sufficient for grid feeding. Data transmission is not possible yet.
The Sunny Boy 4200TL Multi-String
has successfully completed the selftest of the measurement electronics
and the MSD and starts feeding to
the grid.
MPP operation (default):
The Sunny Boy 4200TL Multi-String
automatically determines the MPP
voltage of the PV generator.
Constant voltage operation:
The operating state „U-Konst“ can be manually defined by the plant operator with
Sunny Boy Control or the PC programs Sunny Data or Sunny Data Control. In the „UKonst“ operating mode, the Sunny Boy 4200TL Multi-String uses this externally defined PV setpoint voltage for its internal control.
Page 16 SB4200-12:FE4804 Operating Instructions
SMA Technologie AG Device Description
Stop
The Sunny Boy 4200TL Multi-String is
in stop state. This is to calibrate the
1s
measurement electronics, subsequently the inverter switches into
Green LED blinks
3 times per second
„Waiting“ state.
The „Stop“ state can also be set manually by the plant operator using the
Sunny Boy Control or the PC program Sunny Data or Sunny Data
Control. In this case, the Sunny Boy
4200TL Multi-String remains in
„Stop“ state until a new operating
state is defined („MPP operation“ or
„Constant voltage operation“).
Waiting, Grid Monitoring
The Sunny Boy 4200TL Multi-String is
testing whether start-up conditions for
1s
Green LED blinks
once per second
feeding operation are fulfilled (starting voltage, starting time) and then
starts to monitor the grid.
Operating Instructions SB4200-12:FE4804 Page 17
Device Description SMA Technologie AG
Derating
1s
Green LED is shortly
off once per second
The operating state „Derating“ can have several causes:
• The temperature monitoring of the Sunny Boy 4200TL Multi-String has reduced
the output power to prevent the device from overheating. If this happens often,
heat dissipation might be insufficient.
• To avoid unnecessary yield losses, it should be checked in this case whether the
Sunny Boy 4200TL Multi-String can be mounted at a more appropriate place with
better ventilation.
• The input power is too high and the Sunny Boy 4200TL Multi-String is operating
at its operating limits.
• The current from one of the strings is about to exceed 7.5 A and the Sunny Boy
4200TL Multi-String is reducing this current to 7.5 A in order to prevent any damage.
• The input power from the different strings is being internally reconfigured. In this
case the message should dissapear within a few moments.
Insulation Failure
Green LED is blinking
once per second
Red LED is
permanently on
Please contact a qualified electrician who will remove the failure following the instructions in the „Installation Guide“.
Page 18 SB4200-12:FE4804 Operating Instructions
The red LED on the Sunny Boy
4200TL Multi-String is on, which indicates an earth fault.
SMA Technologie AG Device Description
Varistor Defective
Green LED is
permanently on
Red LED is
permanently on
Please contact a qualified electrician who will remove the failure following the instructions in the „Installation Guide“.
At least one of the four thermally monitored varistors on the DC input side
has developed high resistance and is
therefore defective.
Permanent Device Disable
This signal appears if there is a failure
of the grid monitoring / the independent disconnection device (MSD).
During the internal test, the inverter
has detected a malfunction of the
Yellow LED is
permanently on
MSD and has stopped feeding to the
grid.
Normally this is a failure which cannot be removed on site. Please contact the manufacturer (see chapter 8
"Contact" (page 61)) to discuss
further proceedings.
DC Input Defective
The red LED blinks once per second,
the green and yellow LED are not
1s
Red LED blinks
once per second
Operating Instructions SB4200-12:FE4804 Page 19
relevant for this blinking code. At
least one of the two DC inputs is defective.
Normally this is a failure which cannot be removed on site. Please contact the manufacturer (see chapter 8
"Contact" (page 61)) to discuss
further proceedings.
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