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EL-5100
Instruction Manual
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Sharp EL-5100 Instruction Manual

S CI E NTIFIC CA L CUL AT OR
M O D E L EL-5100
(ELECTRONIC CALCULATOR) i
LIMITED WARRANTY: * SHARP ELECTRONICS CORPORATION warrants this product to the original purchaser to be free from defective materials and workmanship. Under this warranty the ^ product will be repaired or replaced, at our option, without charge for parts or labor, with the exception of batteries, when returned to a SHARP CONSUMER $ FACTORY SERVICE CENTER listed in the instruction booklet supplied with your unit. ^
The period of this warranty covers one (1) year on parts and one (1) year on labor from date of purchase. J This warranty entitles the original purchaser to have the warranted parts and labor rendered at no cost for the period of the warranty described above when the unit is I
carried or shipped, prepaid, to a SHARP CONSUMER FACTORY SERVICE CENTER together with proof of purchase. {
THIS SHALL BE THE EXCLUSIVE WRITTEN WARRANTY OF THE ORIGINAL PURCHASER AND NEITHER THIS WARRANTY NOR ANY OTHER WARRANTY, f EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, SHALL EXTEND BEYOND THE PERIOD OF THE TIME LISTED ABOVE. IN NO EVENT SHALL SHARP BE LIABLE FOR CON- j
SEQUENTIAL ECONOMIC DAMAGE OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGE TO PROPERTY. SOME STATES DO NOT ALLOW A LIMITATION ON HOW LONG AN { IMPLIED WARRANTY LASTS OR AN EXCLUSION OF CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGE, SO THE ABOVE LIMITATION AND EXCLUSION MAY NOT APPLY TO ♦
YOU. IN ADDITION, THIS WARRANTY GIVES SPECIFIC LEGAL RIGHTS, AND YOU MAY HAVE OTHER RIGHTS WHICH VARY FROM STATE TO STATE. }
FOR YOUR RECORDS
___
For your assistance in reporting this electronic calculator in case of loss or theft, please record below the model number and serial number which are located on the bottom of the unit. Please retain this information.
Model Number
______________________________________________
Serial Number________________________________________________
___________________
Date of Purchase _____________________________________ Place of Purchase____________________________________
OPERATIONAL NOTES
Thank you for your purchase of the SHARP scientific calculator, EL-5100.
Since the liquid crystal display is made of glass material, treat the calculator with care. Do not put the " EL-5100" in your back pocket as it may be damaged when you sit down.
To insure trouble-free operation of your SHARP calculator, we recommend the following:
1. The calculator should be kept in areas free from extreme temperature changes, moisture and dust.
2. A soft, dry cloth should be used to clean the calculator. Do not use solvents or a wet cloth.
3. If the calculator will not be operated for an extended period of time, remove the batteries to avoid possible damage caused by battery leakage.
4. If service of your calculator is required, use only an authorized SHARP Service Center.
5. Keep this manual for further reference.
Name label
Write your name on the attached name label and stick it on the back of the calculator.
1
CONTENTS
MODES
Page
COMPUTATION M O D E..........................................4
1. Addition, Subtraction & Playback
....................
4
2. Multiplication, Division
...................................
5
3. Scientific Functions
.............................................
12
4. Memory Calculations
..........................................
24
5. Store Memories.....................................................25
6. Formula Solution in the COMP mode
............
25
7. Errors......................... 26
8. Grammer................................................................35
9. "Expression" correction and editing
...............
37
AER M O D E .............................................................39
1. Formula Entry I
..................................................
39
2. Formula Entry II Dialogic Form
.........................
41
2
Page
3. Law of Cosines
................................................
.43
4. Business Application
................................
.44
5. Lines
.......................................................................
46
6. Program Steps
.......................................................
47
STATISTICAL MODE
..................
.49
2. Single Variable Statistics
....................................
51
3. Two Variable Statistics and Linear
Regression.............................................................52
THE K E Y B O A R D ..................................................56
OPERATING CON TROLS
....................................
57
DISPLAY ...................................................................69
SPEC IFICATIO N S ..................................................72
BATTERY R EPLACEM EN T
...............................
74
INTRODUCTION
This manual will introduce you to the Sharp EL-5100 scientific calculator. The EL-5100 is a new and powerful computing instrument. It will provide you with formidable computing power in mathematical, scientific, engineering and business calculations.
The EL-5100 provides direct entry of calculations and formulas as written. You will see as you follow through
this manual that the EL-5100 makes it unneccessary to learn a "machine language". After keying in a formula, you will be able to visually edit, correct or test your inputs.
This Instruction Manual uses a new format and we would appreciate your comments. Each section may be
divided into basic and advanced material. The advanced material is labeled "supplementary". The supplementary sections may be skipped without hampering your ability to operate the calculator. You may wish to return to the supplementary sections as your skill in operating the EL-5100 increases.
3
MODES
Note the black mode switch on the lower right of your calculator. As you move the black switch from one mode to another the name of the mode appears in the display. "A ER" stands for Algebraic Expression
Reserve; "COMP" for computations; and "STAT" for statistical.
COMPUTATION MODE
Set the mode selector to "COMP" position.
1. Addition, Subtraction & Playback
Key in the following: 12 CB 45.6 Q 32.1 [B 789 GEJ 741 C±] 213 Note that as you key in the "3" in 213, you have exceeded the 24 character capacity of the display. At
this point a unique feature called "rolling writer" becomes effective. As each additional step is entered,
the display will roll to the left. The data rolled off the screen will be recorded up to 80 steps in the COMP
MODE. An arrow +■ will appear on the display indicating information now is stored in that direction.
Now press 1 = I Your answer is 286.5 Now press 1 PBl (playback). You will get back in the display a portion of your original input to check and/or edit. Press 1~pb] again to obtain the remainder of your inputs. Editing will be explained in
detail in a later section.
Sf you have placed material in the display and have not used the calculator for approximately seven
minutes, the calculator will go into (APO) "Automatic Power Off"TM automatically to conserve battery life. Be simply turning the calculator on all of your last inputs will return to the display.
2. Multiplication, Division
a. Key in the following:
841 586 C B .12 C=]
Answer: 4106883.333
b. Key in the following:
427 CB 54 S ] 32 CE 7 B 39 E l 2 t=D
Answer: 595.8571429
Note that multiplication and division have priority to addition and subtraction.
Supplementary — 1 priority level
The machine, provided with a functio n that judges the priority level of individu al calculations, perm its ke ys to be operated according to a given algebraic form u la. The follow ing shows the p rio rity levei of individual calculations.
(1) ( - )
(2) tr, Recall o f m em ory contents (3) Single-term function preceded by numerals
(x2 , jc- 1 , rt!,-*DEG ,->D.M S )
(4) Two -term function such as 2 A Y * 3 , that is directly preceded by m u ltiplica tion cleared of “ X " instruction located just
before m em ory or 7T. (nCr, nPr, Yx , , ->POL, -> R E C )
6
(5) M u ltip licatio n cleared o f " X " instru ctio n located just before m em ory or rr. (6) S ingle-term fu nctio n fo llow ed by numerals.
(V , e *, 1 0 *, V , LN, LO G , SIN , COS, TAN , S ,N ' 1 ' C OS‘ * ' T A N “ 1' S INH, COSH , T A N H , S IN H ' 1 , C O S H ' 1 ,
T A N H '1 )
(7) T w o-term fu nctio n oth er tha n show n in item (4) above.
(n Cr, nPr, Y * , -P O L , -R E C )
(8) x, (9) + , -
(10) =, M+, M - (2nd F M +), =*M, STO A ~ STO J as w ell as D ata, CD, (x, y ), , .
• Calculation s have p rio r ity to others, when parenthesized.
• Provided that fu nctio ns show n in item (5) (6) above are successively designated in an algebraic form ula , calc ulation s are pe rform ed from the rig ht to the left. The oth er fu nctio ns are calcu lated fro m the le ft to th e right.
Ex. ex s j SIN 6 0 - e * ( s / ~ (S IN 6 0))
a C bP c Y *D - (( a C b )Pc ) Y * D
Note: • Even in the case o f (3 ), any " X " in stru ctio n ca nn ot be o m itted if it fo llow s a sing le-term fu n ctio n th a t is preceded
by any numeric value.
c
7
In case of VzA, press 213CM1| X II A ll~=~l keys in this order.
/6 S!o|[A] 2 [I3 Ca ]C=]->-0.1 ~
\ 2 S 3 H E J C 1 ] - 2.5 ± A
• Even in the case of (4), single-term function has priority, if it is directly preceded by two-term function in 2A Y X\ J 3^ for instance.
Ex. \T~ 2 A YX>J 3 -* y/ ~ ( 2 x (A Y x ( s / ~3)))
As this machine is designed to execute an "Ex pression" according to a given algebraic formula, some of the instructions or numerics included in the "Expressio n" can't be treated directly. Therefore, they are temporarily stored in the built-in buffers and the rest is treated in advance. This calculator has a 16-stage function buffer and 8-stage data buffer in it. W hen the calculation exceeds 16-stage in function or 8-stage in data is performed, an error occurs.
Ex. (1) 2 + 3 x (\/ 1 0 * (4 - 1 .6x2 =
Functional buffer : 8-stage Data buffer 4-stage
8
(2) 4 2 + LO G (4 Y * 1.2 - 2.1 =
Fu nctional b u ffe r : 5-stage
Data b uffe r 2-stage
• Instructions executable when read o ut in th e course o f calcu la tio n are not stored in the fu n ctio n b uffe r.
(X2, x _1 , n!, — ► DEG , ->D.M S , =, M+, M -, =*M, STO, D A TA, CD, (x, y ), f )
Ex. A ctio n o f b uffe r in calcu la tio n o f
1.2 + A x (3.5 + SIN B) Y * 3 =
A = 2.4, B = 30, DEG
In stru ctio n X register
Data b uffer
Fun ction buffe r
1 stage 2 stage
3 stage
4 stage
1 stage
2 stage 3 stage
4 stage
5 stage
1.2 1.2 +
1.2 1.2
+
A
2.4
1.2
+
X
2.4 2.4
1.2 X
+
(
2.4 2.4
1.2
(
X
+
9
Instruction X register
Data buffer
Function buffer
1 stage
2 stage
3 stage
4 stage
1 stage
2 stage
3 stage
4 stage 5 stage
3.5 3.5
2.4 1.2
(
X
+
+
3.5 3.5
2.4
1.2
+
(
X
+
SIN
3.5 3.5
2.4
1.2
SIN
+
(
X
+
B 30 3.5
2.4
1.2
SIN
+
(
X
+
)
0.5 3.5
2.4
1.2
+
(
X
+
4 2.4 1.2
X
+
Y*
4
4 2.4
1.2
Y*
X
+
3 3
4
2.4
1.2
Y*
X
+
=
64 2.4
1.2 X
+
153.6
1.2
+
154.8
X register: Calculation register
• Even if multiplication of memory and n is designated as cleared of "X " instruction, " X " instruction is stored in the func tion buffer in the execution of calculations.
10
Ex. 2A B =
In case of A = 7, B = 12
Instruction X register
Data buffer
Function buffer
2 2 A
7
2
X
B
12
7
2
X
X
= 84 2
X
168
In the above case mem ory and 7r are treated after once stored in the data buffer. Accordingly, m ultiplication cannot be
continuously perform ed beyond nine times.
If you want to perform mu ltiplication successively 10 times or more, input " X " instruction. Ex. 2 ttAB CD EABC = -► Error
2?rABCDEA B X C DE = -► Calculation is carried out.
• In calculation as SIN H , COSH , T A N H , T A N H ' 1 , and nCr, a data buffer is used w ith its capacity increased by one stage
for calculative aid.
End of Supplementary 1
11
3. Scientific Functions Scientific Calculations are performed in the same manner as basic computations. As you will note in the following examples, scientific functions are used as you would normally read them,
a. Trigonometric functions
The angular mode is designated by the IprgI key. As you press this key the mode "DEG" "RAD'' "GRAD" will appear at the top of the display. Put the angular mode at "DEG".
Key in the following:
SIN 30 CB COS 40 [=D
Answer: 1.266044443
Put the angular mode at "RAD "
Key in: COS .25 7r □=□
Answer: 0.707106781
12
b. Inverse Trigonometric Functions and Second Function
The yellow key in the upper left of the calculator marked “2nd F" must be used to designate the material appearing in orange above each key. When this key is pressed, the designation “2nd F“ will
appear in the upper part of the display. If you press this key in error, press it a second time and the “ 2nd F“ designation will disappear.
Put the angular mode at “ DEG“
Key in: (2nd F) Sin-1 .5 C=D
Answer: 30 (Remember to use the second function key to get the inverse)
Put the angular mode at “ RAD“
Key in: (2nd F) Cos"1 GED 1 C=D
Answer: 3.141592654 (Value of n)
13
c. Hyperbolic and Inverse Hyperbolic functions
When using the hyperbolic and arc hyperbolic functions "HYP" will appear in the top of the display.
Key in: [hyp) SIN 4 □=□
Answer: 27.2899172
Key in: (2nd F) SIN 9 f=~l
Answer: 2.893443986
d. Power Functions
Calculate: 202
Key in: 20 [x*\ Answer: 400 Calculate 33 and 34 Key in: 3 E 3 [= ] Key in: 3 f f l 4 [= ]
Answer: 27 Answer: 81
14
e. Roots
Calculate: y/25
Key in: IV" I 25 1 = 1 Answer: 5 Calculate: Cube root of 27
Key in: (2nd F) E 3 27 Q=H
Answer: 3
Calculate fourth root of 81
Key in: 4 (2nd F) HZ3 81 D=D
Answer: 3
15
f. Logarithmic Functions
Natural Logarithms: Key in: ILNl 21 (~=~l
Answer: 3.044522438
Common Logarithms: Key in: (2nd F) ILOGI 173 l = I
Answer: 2.238046103
g. Exponential Functions
Key in: S * ] 3.0445 ( X ]
Answer: 20.99952881 (21 as in item "f " above)
Key in: (2nd F) Qo*] 2.238 □=□
Answer: 172.9816359 (173 as in item “f" above)
16
h. Reciprocals
Calculate: 1/6 + 1/7
Key in: 6 l x - ' l l + l 7 fx-11 l = l
Answer: 0.30952381
i. Factorial
Calculate: 69!
Key in: 69 (2nd F) ED ' (HQ
Answer: 1.711224524 x 1098
Note that the Error section deals with the calculation limits of the calculator.
j. Permutations
Key in: 5 (2nd F) (HpE 3 C=D nP r= —------
a ™ (n — r)!
Answer: 60
17
k. Combinations:
Calculate the number of combinations of nC r =
------—------
5 cards in a deck of 52. r’ Key in: 52 [ncE 5 UK\
Answer: 2598960
l. Scientific Notation
If you wish to place a number into the calculator in scientific notation you must use the "Exp" key. If
you wish to convert from floating decimal to scientific notation, you must use the key If~e1 . Calculate 1.2 x 1020 x 1.5 x 10s
Key in: 1.2 1*3 20 E 1.5 1*3 5 C=D
Answer: 1.8E25 (1.8 x 1025)
Calculate 1.992 x 1033 x 6.668 x 10"23
Key in: 1.992 [1*3 33 E 6.668 Iwl fF)1 23 E l
Answer: 1.3282656E11 (1.3282656 x 1011)
If a calculation is displayed in the floating decimal point system, pushing the If-e| key displays the result in scientific notation. Pushing the key again displays the result in the floating decimal point
system.
Key in: 1234567898 Display reads: 1234567898. Press I'f**e| Display reads 1.234567898E 09 Press [f^eI Display reads 1234567898.
Supplementary 2 — effective digits
• In this calcu lator, all calc ula tions are pe rform ed by using a numerical value whose mantissa is 12 d ig its or less. C alculatio n results are displayed afte r th ey are subje cted to d ecim al designation and roun din g, b ut the calcula tor retains a numerical
value whose mantissa is 12 digits. How ever, the m axim um n um ber o f effe ctive dig its is 10 dig its when a calc ulatio n result
ob tained th roug h th e l ss | . or jM + j key is used in the fo llo w in g calculation.
• When a numerical value is in p u tted as a m antissa, only its upper 10 digits are effective , but the nu m ber o f in putte d digits is retained. A n um erica l value smaller than 1 (or larger th an — 1) is also retaine d w ith in 10 dig its as m uch as possible.
Ex. 12 345 67898 765 -> equal to 1.2 34 567 89 8 x 10 12
0.0 000 000 00012 3 4 equal to 1.234 x 10"11
End of supplementary 2
19
M. Decimal Places
The [tab! key is used to specify the number of decimal digits in the calculation result. The number of places after the decimal point is specified by the numeral key ( 1 Q I ~ 1 9 1 ) pressed after the [tabI key.
For free floating calculation press the 1 • I key after |tab| . Carry over will be automatically rounded. First Press ItabI [ * 1
Key in 1.23456789 C=] Display reads 1.23456789
Press ItabI l 3 l , display reads 1.235 Press ItabI l 9 l , display reads 1.234567890
Calculate 1.2 x 10-12 x 4.5 x 1CT10
Key in: (taS C D 1.2E ED 12 x 4.5E [ED 10 [= ]
Answer: 5.4E-22 Note that for results smaller than 0.4 x 10-9 use ItabI I * I only
20
n. Angle/Time conversions
To convert an angle given as degrees/minutes/seconds to its decimal equivalent, it must be entered as
integer and decimal respectively.
Convert 12°47'52" to its decimal equivalent
Key in: 12.4752 S C=]
Answer: 12.79777778
When converting decimal degrees to the equivalent degrees/minutes/seconds, the answer is broken
down: integer portion = degrees; 1st and 2nd decimal digits = minutes; 3rd and 4th digits = seconds; and the 5th through end decimal digits are decimal seconds.
Convert 24.7256 to its degree/minute/second equivalent
Key in: 24.7256 (2nd F) E™§C=]
Answer: 24.433216 or 24°43'32"
A horse has track times of 2 minutes 25 seconds, 2 minutes 38 seconds, and 2 minutes 22 seconds.
What is the average running time?
21
Key in: .0225 S E E .0238 g f f l .0222 S C = ]
Answer 1: 0.123611111 (press l PBl if you wish to check your input)
Key in: [ 3 3 0
Answer 2: 0.041203704
Key in: (2nd F) H E
Answer 3: 0.022833333 or the average time is 2 minutes 28 seconds
o. Coordinate Conversion
Converting rectangular coordinates to polar (xf y -> r, 6 )
22
mode = DEG
Solve for x = 6 and y = 4
Key in: 6 I»pol1 4 I = 1
Answer: 7.211102551 (r)
Key in: GO [=D Answer: 33.69006753 (9)
Note that the values of y and 9 are stored in J.
Calculate the magnitude and direction (phase) in a vector I = 12 + j9
Key in: 12 9 C=]
Answer: 15 (r)
Key in: l J ll = I Answer: 36.86989765 (9)
Converting polar coordinates to rectangular (r, 9 -+x,y)
Solve for P (14, tt/3), r = 14 9 = tt/3
Mode = RAD Key in 14 (2nd F) S CD tt/3 CD D=D
Answer: 7 (X)
Key in: GTlD=]
Answer: 12.12435565 (y)
4. Memory Calculations The independently accessible memory is indicated by the three blue keys: RM, =£M, M+. Before starting a
calculation clear the memory by pressing CL and =* M
Key in: 12 f f l 5 E l
Answer: 17 To subtract key in: 2 HD 5 (2nd F) E B Answer to this equation: 7 Key in Irm] to recall memory: 10
Key in: 12 I X l 2 I=»m! Answer: 24 (Also takes place of 10 in memory) Key in: 8 l -r l 2 IM+I
Answer: 4 [rm] : 28
The RM key may be used to place the value in the memory into a formula. The RM key cannot be designated as a variable in a formula.
24
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