The photos shown in this manual are for general instruction only. Your specific model
may not be shown. Always refer to the parts list and exploded view drawing for your
specific model when installing, disassembling or servicing your pump.
PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION
This ball check valve pump is powered by compressed air and is a 1:1 pressure ratio
design. It alternately pressurizes the inner side of one diaphragm chamber, while
simultaneously exhausting the other inner chamber. This causes the diaphragms, which
are connected by a common rod, to move endwise. Air pressure is applied over the entire
surface of the diaphragm, while liquid is discharged from the opposite side. The
diaphragm operates under a balanced condition during the discharge stroke, which
allows the unit to be operated at discharge heads over 200 feet (61 meters) of water head.
Since the diaphragms are connected by a common rod, secured by plates to the
center of the diaphragms, one diaphragm performs the discharge stroke, while the other
is pulled to perform the suction stroke in the opposite chamber.
For maximum diaphragm life, keep the pump as close to the liquid being pumped as
possible. Positive suction head in excess of 10 feet of liquid (3.048 meters) may require
a back pressure regulating device. This will maximize diaphragm life.
Alternate pressuring and exhausting of the diaphragm chamber is performed by
means of an externally mounted, pilot operated, four-way spool type air distribution
valve. When the spool shifts to one end of the valve body, inlet air pressure is applied to
one diaphragm chamber and the other diaphragm chamber exhausts. When the spool
shifts to the opposite end of the valve body, the porting of chambers is reversed. The air
distribution valve spool is moved by an internal pilot valve which alternately pressurizes
one side of the air distribution valve spool, while exhausting the other side. The pilot valve
is shifted at each end of the diaphragm stroke by the diaphragm plate coming in contact
with the end of the pilot valve spool. This pushes it into position for shifting of the air
distribution valve.
The chambers are manifolded together with a suction and discharge check valve for
each chamber, maintaining flow in one direction through the pump.
This MARATHON pump differs from other models in that it utilizes four diaphragms
instead of two. The two rod-connected diaphragms are the driver diaphragms, and the
other two (outermost) diaphragms are the actual pumping diaphragms. Each driver
diaphragm (of Neoprene or other elastomer), and the pumping diaphragm (of TFE), are
separated by a chamber filled with liquid which transmits the reciprocating motion of the
driver diaphragm to the pumping diaphragm. The pumping diaphragms, create the
alternating suction and discharge action to each outer diaphragm chamber. The pumping
diaphragms are the only ones in contact with the liquid being pumped.
Read these instructions completely,
IMPORTANT
before installation and start-up. It is the
responsibility of the purchaser to retain
this manual for reference. Failure to
comply with the recommendations
stated in this manual will damage the
pump, and void factory warranty.
WARNING
Take action to prevent static sparking.
Fire or explosion can result, especially
when handling flammable liquids. The
pump, piping, valves, containers or other
miscellaneous equipment must be
grounded.
BEFORE OPERATION
Before pump operation, inspect all
gasketed fasteners for looseness
caused by gasket creep. Retorque loose
fasteners to prevent leakage. Follow
recommended torques stated in this
manual.
CAUTION
This pump should not be applied in
pumping applications where the driver
liquid coming in contact with the pumped
liquid would create a hazardous
condition. This could happen in the case
of a TFE pumping diaphragm failure.
This diaphragm normally separates the
two liquids. Do not operate this unit if it
has been subjected to freezing
temperatures. Because of the driver liquid
used, possible diaphragm failure may
result.
INSTALLATION & START-UP
Locate the pump as close to the product being pumped as possible, keeping suction
line length and number of fittings to a minimum. Do not reduce line size.
For installations of rigid piping, short flexible sections of hose should be installed
between pump and piping. This reduces vibration and strain to the piping system. A
MARATHON surge suppressor is recommended to further reduce pulsation in flow.
This pump was tested at the factory prior to shipment and is ready for operation. It is
completely self-priming from a dry start for suction lifts of 10-15 feet (9-14 meters) or less.
For suction lifts exceeding 15 feet of liquid, fill the chambers with liquid prior to priming.
Warren Rupp, Inc., A Unit of IDEX Corporation • P.O. Box 1568 • Mansfield, Ohio 44901 USA • (419)524-8388 • Fax (419)522-7867
520-136-000 10/02 Model MP04D Design Level 3 Page 1
Fig. 1 Air Inlet
AIR SUPPLY
Air supply pressures cannot exceed 125 psi (8.61 bar). Connect the pump air inlet
(see Figure 1) to an air supply of sufficient capacity and pressure required for desired
performance. When the air line is solid piping, use a short length of flexible hose (not
less than 3/4" [19mm] in diameter) between pump and piping to eliminate strain to pipes.
AIR INLET & PRIMING
For start-up, open an air valve approximately 1/2" to 3/4" turn. After the unit primes,
an air valve can be opened to increase flow as desired. If opening the valve increases
cycling rate, but does not increase flow rate, cavitation has occurred, and the valve
should be closed slightly.
For the most efficient use of compressed air and the longest diaphragm life, throttle
the air inlet to the lowest cycling rate that does not reduce flow.
A NOTE ABOUT AIR VALVE LUBRICATION
The MARATHON pump’s pilot valve and main air valve assemblies are designed to
operate WITHOUT lubrication. This is the preferred mode of operation. There may be
instances of personal preference, or poor quality air supplies when lubrication of the
compressed air supply is required. The pump air system will operate with properly
lubricated compressed air supplies. Proper lubrication of the compressed air supply
would entail the use of an air line lubricator (available from MARATHON) set to deliver
one drop of 10 wt., non-detergent oil for every 20 SCFM of air the pump consumed at its
point of operation. Consult the pump’s published Performance Curve to determine this.
It is important to remember to inspect the sleeve and spool set routinely. It should
move back and forth freely. This is most important when the air supply is lubricated. If a
lubricator is used, oil accumulation will, over time, collect any debris from the compressed
air. This can prevent the pump from operating properly.
Water in the compressed air supply can create problems such as icing or freezing of
the exhaust air causing the pump to cycle erratically, or stop operating. This can be
addressed by using a point of use air dryer (available from MARATHON) to supplement
a plant’s air drying equipment. This device will remove excess water from the
compressed air supply and alleviate the icing or freezing problem.
EXTERNALLY SERVICEABLE AIR
DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM
Please refer to the exploded view drawing and parts list in the Service Manual
supplied with your pump. If you need replacement or additional copies, contact your local
MARATHON Distributor, or the MARATHON factory Literature Department at the
number shown on page 1. To receive the correct manual, you must specify the MODEL
and TYPE information found on the name plate of the pump.
MODELS WITH 1" SUCTION/DISCHARGE OR LARGER,
AND NON-METAL CENTER SECTIONS
The main air valve sleeve and spool set is located in the valve body mounted on the
pump with four hex head capscrews. The valve body assembly is removed from the pump
by removing these four hex head capscrews.
With the valve body assembly off the pump, access to the sleeve and spool set is made
by removing a retaining ring (each end) securing the end cap on the valve body
assembly. With the end caps removed, slide the spool back and forth in the sleeve. The
spool is closely sized to the sleeve and must move freely to allow for proper pump
operation. An accumulation of oil, dirt or other contaminants from the pump’s air supply,
or from a failed diaphragm, may prevent the spool from moving freely. This can cause
the spool to stick in a position that prevents the pump from operating. If this is the case,
the sleeve and spool set should be removed from the valve body for cleaning and further
inspection.
Remove the spool from the sleeve. Using an arbor press or bench vise (with an
improvised mandrel), press the sleeve from the valve body. Take care not to damage the
sleeve. At this point, inspect the o-rings on the sleeve for nicks, tears or abrasions.
Damage of this sort could happen during assembly or servicing. A sheared or cut o-ring
can allow the pump’s compressed air supply to leak or bypass within the air valve
assembly, causing the pump to leak compressed air from the pump air exhaust or not
cycle properly. This is most noticeable at pump dead head or high discharge pressure
conditions. Replace any of these o-rings as required or set up a routine, preventive
The weight of the air supply line end
WARNING
of the filter must be supported by
some means other than the air valve
cap. Failure to provide support may
result in damage to the pump.
Fig. 2 Exhaust muffler
Fig. 3 Filling the driver chamber
Fig. 4 Purge air in pump by moving
diaphragm rod.
DANGER
Before doing any maintenance on
the pump, be certain all pressure is
completely vented from the pump,
suction, discharge, piping, and all
other openings and connections.
Be certain the air supply is locked
out or made non-operational, so
that it cannot be started while work
is being done on the pump. Be
certain that approved eye protection and protective clothing are
worn at all times in the vicinity of
the pump. Failure to follow these
recommendations may result in
serious injury or death.
Model MP04D Design Level 3 Page 2520-136-000 10/02
maintenance schedule to do so on a regular basis. This practice should include cleaning
the spool and sleeve components with a safety solvent or equivalent, inspecting for signs
of wear or damage, and replacing worn components.
To re-install the sleeve and spool set, lightly lubricate the o-rings on the sleeve with
an o-ring assembly lubricant or lightweight oil (such as 10 wt. air line lubricant).
Re-install one end cap, and retaining ring on the valve body. Using the arbor press or
bench vise that was used in disassembly,
carefully press the sleeve back into the valve
body, without shearing the o-rings. Re-install the spool, opposite end cap and retaining
ring on the valve body. After inspecting and cleaning the gasket surfaces on the valve
body and intermediate, re-install the valve body on the pump using new gaskets.
Tighten the four hex head capscrews evenly and in an alternating cross pattern, at 150
in./lbs. (16.94 Newton meters).
AIR EXHAUST
If a diaphragm fails, the pumped liquid or fumes can enter the air end of the pump, and
be exhausted into the atmosphere. When pumping hazardous or toxic materials, pipe the
exhaust to an appropriate area for safe disposition.
This pump can be submerged if materials of construction are compatible with the
liquid. The air exhaust must be piped above the liquid level. Piping used for the air
exhaust must not be smaller than 1" (2.54 cm). Reducing the pipe size will restrict air flow
and reduce pump performance. When the product source is at a higher level than the
pump (flooded suction), pipe the exhaust higher than the product source to prevent
siphoning spills.
Freezing or icing of the air exhaust can occur under certain temperature and
humidity conditions. Use of a MARATHON Extractor/Dryer unit should eliminate most
icing problems. Check the exhaust periodically for build-up of ice or contaminants (see
Figure 2).
BETWEEN USES
When used for materials that tend to settle out or transform to solid form, the pump
should be completely flushed after each use, to prevent damage. Product remaining in
the pump between uses could dry out or settle out. This could cause problems with valves
and diaphragms at re-start. In freezing temperatures, the pump must be drained between
uses in all cases.
FILLING OF DRIVER CHAMBER WITH LIQUID
The driver chambers are filled at the factory with water.
If you need to substitute another liquid to prevent system contamination, first consult
the factory for chemical compatibility with pump construction.
Follow the steps listed below to replace the liquid in the pump after disassembly or
liquid loss:
1. Filling is accomplished through the pipe plugs at the top of the liquid driver chamber
(see Figure 3).
2. After the driver fluid has been emptied from the pump, the driver diaphragms will
naturally come to center.
3. Remove the entire discharge manifold assembly exposing the ports in the outer
diaphragm chambers.
4. Fill either side with 600 ml. (20.44 fl. oz.) by volume with the driver liquid. It is
imperative that the driver liquid chambers be filled with the correct amount of driver liquid
as too little or too much will cause premature diaphragm failure and erratic pumping.
5. After filling with the proper amount of liquid, if the liquid does not come to the top
of the fill hole, pressure should be applied to the Teflon diaphragm with a blunt tool
through the discharge material flow port in the outer chamber until it does come to the
top (see Figure 4). To facilitate this filling, a taper punch can be used in the hole of the
rod to manually shift the pump.
6. When the driver fluid rises to the top of the fill plug hole, screw the boss plug, with
o-ring installed, into the chamber (see Figure 5). (Do not overtighten.) Remember to keep
pressure on the Teflon diaphragm until the boss plug is tight to prevent air from drawing
back into the chamber.
7. Filling the opposite side is accomplished in the same manner as described in 5 and 6.
The correct amount of fluid will come to the top of the fill hole. Screw in the boss plug.
In the event of diaphragm rupture,
CAUTION
pumped material may enter the air
end of the pump, and be discharged
into the atmosphere. If pumping a
product which is hazardous or toxic,
the air exhaust must be piped to an
appropriate area for safe disposition.
CAUTION
Do not use a wrench on the
diaphragm rod. Flaws on the surface
may damage bearings and seals.
Need for inspection or service is usually indicated by poor priming, unstable cycling,
reduced performance or the pump’s cycling but not pumping.
Remove the six flange bolts securing the inlet and outlet flanges to the manifold.
Inspect the surfaces of both check valve and seat for wear or damage that could prevent
proper sealing. If pump is to prime properly, valves must seat air tight (see Figure 6).
DIAPHRAGM SERVICING
Driver Diaphragms:
Drain the driver diaphragm chamber by removing the boss plug on the underside of
the driver chamber. NOTE: This is also the part used for leak detector probes. Remove
twelve bolts securing the two manifolds to the chambers. Remove eight bolts securing
the diaphragm chamber. This permits inspection of the TFE diaphragm and the driver
diaphragm. Loosen the plate which secures the diaphragm and plate to the rod by
keeping the diaphragm engaged with the inner diaphragm chamber. Insert two or three
capscrews through the bolt holes so the diaphragm cannot rotate when loosening. The
diaphragm plates, diaphragm and bumper will now come off the assembly. Repeat all
actions if the other diaphragm needs to be inspected or replaced.
NOTE: See “Filling of Driver Chamber with Liquid” for the correct procedure to
recharge the pump for operation.
Reassembly is the reverse of the tear down. During reassembly, be sure the rubber
bumper is on the rod on each side. Install the diaphragm with the natural bulge to the
outside as marked on the diaphragm. Be sure that the large radius side of each plate is
toward the diaphragm. Place the sealing washer between the inner diaphragm plate and
the end of the rod. Tighten the plate to approximately 25 ft. lbs. (3.456 pounds/sq. cm.).
Torque while allowing the diaphragm to turn freely with the plate. Hold the opposite side
with a wrench on the plate to prevent rotation of the rod. If the opposite chamber is
assembled, this will not be necessary.
When reassembling the outer chambers and the manifold, the bolts securing the
manifold flange to the chamber should be snugged prior to tightening the manifold
flange. Finish tightening the manifold flange bolts after the chamber bolting is secured.
IMPORTANT
This pump is pressurized internally
with air pressure during operation.
Always make certain that all bolting
is in good condition and that all of
the correct bolting is reinstalled
during assembly.
Fig. 9 Pilot valve removal
PILOT VALVE
The pilot valve assembly is accessed by removing the main air distribution valve body
from the pump and lifting the pilot valve body out of the intermediate housing (see
Figure 9).
Most problems with the pilot valve can be corrected by replacing the o-rings. Always
grease the spool prior to inserting it into the sleeve. If the sleeve is removed from the
body, reinsertion must be at the chamfered side. Grease the o-rings to slide the sleeve
into the valve body. Securely insert the retaining ring around the sleeve. When
reinserting the pilot valve, push both plungers (located inside the intermediate bracket)
out of the path of the pilot valve spool ends to avoid damage.
PILOT VALVE ACTUATOR
Bushings for the pilot valve actuators are held in the inner chambers with retaining
rings. An o-ring is behind each bushing. If the plunger has any sideways motion check
o-rings and bushings for deterioration or wear. The plunger may be removed for
inspection or replacement. First remove the air distribution valve body and the pilot valve
body from the pump. The plungers can be located by looking into the intermediate. It may
be necessary to use a fine piece of wire to pull them out. The bushing can be turned out
through the inner chamber by removing the outer chamber assembly. Replace the
bushings if pins have bent (see Figure 10 and Figure 11).
SERVICE INSTRUCTIONS: TROUBLE SHOOTING
1. Pump will not cycle
A. Check to make sure the unit has enough pressure to operate and that the air inlet valve
is open.
B. Check the discharge line to insure that the discharge line is neither closed nor blocked.
C. If the spool in the air distribution valve is not shifting, check the main spool. It must slide
freely.
Fig. 10 Pilot valve spool and o-rings
Fig. 11 Bushings and o-rings
Model MP04D Design Level 3 Page 4 520-136-000 10/02
D. Excessive air leakage in the pump can prevent cycling. This condition will be evident.
Air leakage into the discharge line indicates a ruptured diaphragm. Air leakage from the
exhaust port indicates leakage in the air distribution valve. See further service instructions.
E. Blockage in the liquid chamber can impede movement of diaphragm.
2. Pump cycles but will not pump
A. Suction side of pump pulling in air. Check the suction line for air leaks and be sure that
the end of the suction line is submerged. Check flange bolting. Check valve flanges and
manifold to chamber flange joints.
B. Make certain the suction line or strainer is not plugged. Restriction at the suction is
indicated by a high vacuum reading when a vacuum gauge is installed in the suction line.
C. Check valves may not be seating properly. To check, remove the suction line and
cover the suction port with your hand. If the unit does not pull a good suction (vacuum),
the check valves should be inspected for proper seating.
D. Static suction lift may be too high. Priming can be improved by elevating the suction
and discharge lines higher than the check valves and pouring liquid into the unit through
the suction inlet. When priming at high suction lifts or with long suction lines operate the
pump at maximum cycle rate.
E. Incorrect driver fluid level or air has not been properly purged.
3. Low performance
A. Capacity is reduced as the discharge pressure increases, as indicated on the
performance curve. Performance capability varies with available inlet air supply. Check
air pressure at the pump inlet when the pump is operating to make certain that adequate
air supply is maintained.
B. Check vacuum at the pump suction. Capacity is reduced as vacuum increases.
Reduced flow rate due to starved suction will be evident when cycle rate can be varied
without change in capacity. This condition will be more prevalent when pumping viscous
liquids. When pumping thick, heavy materials the suction line must be kept as large in
diameter and as short as possible, to keep suction loss minimal.
C. Low flow rate and slow cycling rate indicate restricted flow through the discharge line.
Low flow rate and fast cycling rate indicate restriction in the suction line or air leakage into
suction.
D. Unstable cycling indicates improper check valve seating on one chamber. This
condition is confirmed when unstable cycling repeats consistently on alternate exhausts.
Cycling that is not consistently unstable may indicate partial exhaust restriction due to
freezing and thawing of exhaust air. Use of an anti-freeze lubricant in an air line lubricator
should solve this problem.
E. Incorrect driver fluid level or air has not been properly purged.
WARRANTY
This pump is warranted for a period of five years against defective material and
workmanship. Failure to comply with the recommendations stated in this manual voids
all factory warranty.
Repair Parts shown in bold face(darker) type are more likely to need
replacement after extended periods of
normal use. The pump owner may
prefer to maintain a limited inventory
of these parts in his own stock to reduce
repair downtime to a minimum.
IMPORTANT: When ordering repair parts
always furnish pump model number, serial
number and type number.
MATERIAL CODES
The Last 3 Digits of Part Number
000...Assembly, sub-assembly; and some purchased items
010...Cast Iron
015...Ductile Iron
025...Music Wire
080...Carbon Steel, AISI B-1112
100...Alloy 20
110...Alloy Type 316 Stainless Steel
112...Alloy ‘‘C’’
114...303 Stainless Steel
115...301/302/304 Stainless Steel
120...416 Stainless Steel (Wrought Martensitic)
148...Hardcoat Anodized Aluminum
150...6061-T6 Aluminum
151...6063-T6 Aluminum
154...Almag 35 Aluminum
155 or 156...356-T6 Aluminum
636...White Nitrile/Teflon
Delrin, Teflon, Viton and Hytrel are registered
tradenames of E.I. DuPont.
Gylon is a registered tradename of Garlock, Inc.
Nylatron is a registered tradename of Polymer
Corporation.
Rulon II is a registered tradename of Dixion Industries Corp.
Ryton is a registered tradename of Phillips Chemical
Company.
Valox is a registered tradename of General Electric
Company.
Warren Rupp, Inc., A Unit of IDEX Corporation • P.O. Box 1568 • Mansfield, Ohio 44901 USA • (419)524-8388 • Fax (419)522-7867
520-136-000 10/02 Model MP04D Design Level 3 Page 6
520-136-000 10/02 Model MP04D Design Level 3 Page 8
Declaration of Conformity
Model:
Serial Number:
Warren Rupp, Inc., 800 North Main Street, Mansfield, Ohio,
certifies that Air-Operated Double Diaphragm Metallic Pumps Series:
HDB, HDF, M Non-Metallic, S Non-Metallic, M Metallic, S Metallic,
Containment Duty, Gas, UL, High Pressure, W, Submersible and
Tranquilizers comply with the European Community Directive 98/37/EC,
Safety of Machinery. This product has used EN 809, Pumps and Pump
Units for Liquids - Common Safety Requirements harmonized standard
to verify conformance.
October 20, 2005
Signature of authorized personDate of issue
David Roseberry
Printed name of authorized personTitle
Engineering Manager
CE
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