Quectel Wireless Solutions 201909EG91NAX Users Manual

EG91 Hardware Design

LTE Standard Module Series

Rev. EG91_Hardware_Design_V1.7
Date: 2019-08-09
Status: Released

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LTE Standard Module Series

EG91 Hardware Design

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Copyright © Quectel Wireless Solutions Co., Ltd. 2019. All rights reserved.

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About the Document

History

Revision

Date

Author

Description

1.0

2017-03-22

Felix YIN/
Yeoman CHEN/
Jackie WANG

Initial

1.1

2018-01-23

Felix YIN/
Rex WANG

1. Added band B28A.

2. Updated the description of UMTS and GSM
features in Table 2.

3. Updated the functional diagram in Figure 1.

4. Updated module operating frequencies in
Table 21.

5. Updated current consumption in Table 26.

6. Updated RF output power in Table 27.

7. Updated the conducted RF receiving
sensitivity in Table 28.

8. Updated the GPRS multi-slot classes in
Table 33.

9. Added thermal consideration in Chapter 5.8

10. Added a GND pad in each of the four corners
of the module’s footprint in Chapter 6.2.

11. Updated storage information in Chapter 7.1.

12. Added packaging information in Chapter 7.3.

1.2

2018-03-14

Felix YIN/
Rex WANG

1. Added the description of EG91-NA.

2. Updated the functional diagram in Figure 1.

3. Updated pin assignment in Figure 2.

4. Updated GNSS function in Table 1.

5. Updated GNSS Features in Table 2.

6. Updated reference circuit of USB interface

in Figure 21.

7. Added description of GNSS receiver in

Chapter 4.

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8. Updated pin definition of RF antenna in

Table 21.

9. Updated module operating frequencies in

Table 22.

10. Added description of GNSS antenna

interface in Chapter 5.2.

11. Updated antenna requirements in Table 25.

12. Updated RF output power in Table 32.

1.3

2019-02-03

Ward WANG/
Nathan LIU/
Rex WANG

1. Added new variants EG91-NS, EG91-V,
EG91-EC and related contents.

2. Opened pin 24 as ADC0 and added related
contents.

3. Updated functional diagram (Figure 1)

4. Updated pin assignment (Figure 2)

5. Updated GNSS features (Table 2)

6. Added USB_BOOT interface information
(Chapter 3.18)

7. Updated storage information (Chapter 8.1)

8. Updated module operating frequencies
(Table 23)

9. Updated antenna requirements (Table 26)

10. Added current consumption of EG91-NS,
EG91-V and EG91-EC (Table 32, 33 and 34)

11. Added conducted RF receiving sensitivity of
EG91-NS, EG91-V and EG91-EC (Table 39,
40 and 41)

1.4

2019-03-29

Ward WANG

1. Modified module name EG91-EC to
EG91-EX, and EG91-V to EG91-VX

2. Added newly supported 9.x of Android USB
serial driver (Table 2)

3. Modified the reflow temperature range as .
238ºC~245ºC (Chapter 8.2)

1.5

2019-05-24

Ward WANG/
Nathan LIU

1. Updated comment of RF antenna (Table 4)

2. Updated EG91-EX current consumption
(Table 36)

3. Updated EG91-EX conducted RF receiving
sensitivity (T able 43)

1.6

2019-07-05

Ward WANG

1. Updated supported protocols (Table 2).

2. Updated timing of turning on module (Figure

12).

3. DFOTA is developed.

4. Updated description of USB_BOOT

interface and timing sequence for entering
emergency download mode (Chapter 3.18

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and Figure 29).

1.7

2019-08-09

Fanny CHEN/
Rex WANG

1. Added ThreadX variant EG91-NAX and
updated related contents (Table 1 and 4,
Chapter 2.2, 2.3, 3.2 and 5).

2. Added related notes of SPI interface not
supported on ThreadX modules (Chapter

3.1, 3.3 and 3.13).

3. Added current consumption of EG91-NAX
(Table 37).

4. Updated EG91-NA conducted RF receiving
sensitivity (Table 41).

5. Updated EG91-NS conducted RF receiving
sensitivity (Table 42).

6. Added EG91-NAX conducted RF receiving
sensitivity (Table 45).

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Contents

About the Document ..................................................................................................................................... 2

Contents.......................................................................................................................................................... 5

Table Index ..................................................................................................................................................... 7

Figure Index.................................................................................................................................................... 9

1 Introduction........................................................................................................................................... 11

1.1. Safety Information...................................................................................................................... 12

2 Product Concept .................................................................................................................................. 13

2.1. General Description ................................................................................................................... 13

2.2. Key Features.............................................................................................................................. 14

2.3. Functional Diagram ................................................................................................................... 17

2.4. Evaluation Board ....................................................................................................................... 18

3 Application Interfaces.......................................................................................................................... 19

3.1. General Description ................................................................................................................... 19

3.2. Pin Assignment .......................................................................................................................... 20

3.3. Pin Description ........................................................................................................................... 21

3.4. Operating Modes ....................................................................................................................... 28

3.5. Power Saving ............................................................................................................................. 29

3.5.1. Sleep Mode ...................................................................................................................... 29

3.5.1.1. UART Application ................................................................................................... 29

3.5.1.2. USB Application with USB Remote Wakeup Function ......................................... 30

3.5.1.3. USB Application with USB Suspend/Resume and RI Function ........................... 30

3.5.1.4. USB Application without USB Suspend Function ................................................. 31

3.5.2. Airplane Mode .................................................................................................................. 32

3.6. Power Supply ............................................................................................................................. 32

3.6.1. Power Supply Pins ........................................................................................................... 32

3.6.2. Decrease Voltage Drop .................................................................................................... 33

3.6.3. Reference Design for Power Supply ............................................................................... 34

3.6.4. Monitor the Power Supply................................................................................................ 34

3.7. Power-on/off Scenarios ............................................................................................................. 35

3.7.1. Turn on Module Using the PWRKEY .............................................................................. 35

3.7.2. Turn off Module ................................................................................................................ 37

3.7.2.1. Turn off Module Using the PWRKEY Pin .............................................................. 37

3.7.2.2. Turn off Module Using AT Command .................................................................... 37

3.8. Reset the Module....................................................................................................................... 38

3.9. (U)SIM Interfaces....................................................................................................................... 39

3.10. USB Interface............................................................................................................................. 42

3.11. UART Interfaces ........................................................................................................................ 43

3.12. PCM and I2C Interfaces ............................................................................................................ 46

3.13. SPI Interface .............................................................................................................................. 49

3.14. Network Status Indication.......................................................................................................... 50

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3.15. STATUS ..................................................................................................................................... 51

3.16. ADC Interface ............................................................................................................................ 51

3.17. Behaviors of RI .......................................................................................................................... 52

3.18. USB_BOOT Interface ................................................................................................................ 53

4 GNSS Receiver ..................................................................................................................................... 55

4.1. General Description ................................................................................................................... 55

4.2. GNSS Performance ................................................................................................................... 55

4.3. Layout Guidelines ...................................................................................................................... 56

5 Antenna Interfaces ............................................................................................................................... 57

5.1. Main/Rx-diversity Antenna Interfaces ....................................................................................... 57

5.1.1. Pin Definition .................................................................................................................... 57

5.1.2. Operating Frequency ....................................................................................................... 57

5.1.3. Reference Design of RF Antenna Interface .................................................................... 58

5.1.4. Reference Design of RF Layout ...................................................................................... 59

5.2. GNSS Antenna Interface ........................................................................................................... 61

5.3. Antenna Installation ................................................................................................................... 62

5.3.1. Antenna Requirement ...................................................................................................... 62

5.3.2. Recommended RF Connector for Antenna Installation .................................................. 63

6 Electrical, Reliability and Radio Characteristics ............................................................................. 65

6.1. Absolute Maximum Ratings....................................................................................................... 65

6.2. Power Supply Ratings ............................................................................................................... 65

6.3. Operation and Storage Temperatures ...................................................................................... 66

6.4. Current Consumption ................................................................................................................ 67

6.5. RF Output Power ....................................................................................................................... 75

6.6. RF Receiving Sensitivity ............................................................................................................ 76

6.7. Electrostatic Discharge .............................................................................................................. 79

6.8. Thermal Consideration .............................................................................................................. 79

7 Mechanical Dimensions ...................................................................................................................... 81

7.1. Mechanical Dimensions of the Module ..................................................................................... 81

7.2. Recommended Footprint ........................................................................................................... 83

7.3. Top and Bottom Views of the Module ....................................................................................... 84

8 Storage, Manufacturing and Packaging ............................................................................................ 85

8.1. Storage....................................................................................................................................... 85

8.2. Manufacturing and Soldering .................................................................................................... 86

8.3. Packaging .................................................................................................................................. 87

9 Appendix A References ....................................................................................................................... 89

10 Appendix B GPRS Coding Schemes ................................................................................................. 93

11 Appendix C GPRS Multi-slot Classes................................................................................................ 94

12 Appendix D EDGE Modulation and Coding Schemes ..................................................................... 96

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Table Index

TABLE 1: FREQUENCY BANDS OF EG91 SERIES MODULE ................................ ................................ ...... 13

TABLE 2: KEY FEATURES OF EG91 MODULE ............................................................................................ 14

TABLE 3: IO PARAMETERS DEFINITION ..................................................................................................... 21

TABLE 4: PIN DESCRIPTION ........................................................................................................................ 21

TABLE 5: OVERVIEW OF OPERATING MODES................................ ................................ ........................... 28

TABLE 6: PIN DEFINITION OF VBAT AND GND ........................................................................................... 33

TABLE 7: PIN DEFINITION OF PWRKEY ...................................................................................................... 35

TABLE 8: PIN DEFINITION OF RESET_N ..................................................................................................... 38

TABLE 9: PIN DEFINITION OF (U)SIM INTERFACES ................................................................................... 40

TABLE 10: PIN DEFINITION OF USB INTERFACE ....................................................................................... 42

TABLE 11: PIN DEFINITION OF MAIN UART INTERFACES ................................................................ ......... 44

TABLE 12: PIN DEFINITION OF DEBUG UART INTERFACE ....................................................................... 44

TABLE 13: LOGIC LEVELS OF DIGITAL I/O ................................ ................................................................ .. 44

TABLE 14: PIN DEFINITION OF PCM AND I2C INTERFACES ..................................................................... 48

TABLE 15: PIN DEFINITION OF SPI INTERFACE ......................................................................................... 49

TABLE 16: PIN DEFINITION OF NETWORK STATUS INDICATOR ............................................................... 50

TABLE 17: WORKING STATE OF NETWORK STATUS INDICATOR ............................................................ 50

TABLE 18: PIN DEFINITION OF STATUS ...................................................................................................... 51

TABLE 19: PIN DEFINITION OF ADC INTERFACE ....................................................................................... 52

TABLE 20: CHARACTERISTICS OF ADC INTERFACE ................................................................................. 52

TABLE 21: DEFAULT BEHAVIORS OF RI................................................................ ...................................... 53

TABLE 22: PIN DEFINITION OF USB_BOOT INTERFACE ........................................................................... 53

TABLE 23: GNSS PERFORMANCE .............................................................................................................. 55

TABLE 24: PIN DEFINITION OF RF ANTENNA ................................ ............................................................. 57

TABLE 25: MODULE OPERATING FREQUENCIES ...................................................................................... 57

TABLE 26: PIN DEFINITION OF GNSS ANTENNA INTERFACE ................................................................... 61

TABLE 27: GNSS FREQUENCY .................................................................................................................... 61

TABLE 28: ANTENNA REQUIREMENTS ....................................................................................................... 62

TABLE 29: ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS ................................................................................................ 65

TABLE 30: POWER SUPPLY RATINGS................................................................................................ ......... 65

TABLE 31: OPERATION AND STORAGE TEMPERATURES ........................................................................ 66

TABLE 32: EG91-E CURRENT CONSUMPTION ........................................................................................... 67

TABLE 33: EG91-NA CURRENT CONSUMPTION ........................................................................................ 69

TABLE 34: EG91-NS CURRENT CONSUMPTION ........................................................................................ 70

TABLE 35: EG91-VX CURRENT CONSUMPTION ........................................................................................ 71

TABLE 36: EG91-EX CURRENT CONSUMPTION ........................................................................................ 72

TABLE 37: EG91-NAX CURRENT CONSUMPTION ...................................................................................... 74

TABLE 38: GNSS CURRENT CONSUMPTION OF EG91 ............................................................................. 75

TABLE 39: RF OUTPUT POWER .................................................................................................................. 75

TABLE 40: EG91-E CONDUCTED RF RECEIVING SENSITIVITY ................................................................ 76

TABLE 41: EG91-NA CONDUCTED RF RECEIVING SENSITIVITY .............................................................. 76

TABLE 42: EG91-NS CONDUCTED RF RECEIVING SENSITIVITY .............................................................. 77

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TABLE 43: EG91-VX CONDUCTED RF RECEIVING SENSITIVITY ................................ .............................. 77

TABLE 44: EG91-EX CONDUCTED RF RECEIVING SENSITIVITY ................................ .............................. 78

TABLE 45: EG91-NAX CONDUCTED RF RECEIVING SENSITIVITY ........................................................... 78

TABLE 46: ELECTROSTATIC DISCHARGE CHARACTERISTICS (25ºC, 45% RELATIVE HUMIDITY) ........ 79

TABLE 47: RECOMMENDED THERMAL PROFILE PARAMETERS .............................................................. 86

TABLE 48: RELATED DOCUMENTS ............................................................................................................. 89

TABLE 49: TERMS AND ABBREVIATIONS ................................................................................................... 89

TABLE 50: DESCRIPTION OF DIFFERENT CODING SCHEMES ................................................................. 93

TABLE 51: GPRS MULTI-SLOT CLASSES .................................................................................................... 94

TABLE 52: EDGE MODULATION AND CODING SCHEMES ......................................................................... 96

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Figure Index

FIGURE 1: FUNCTIONAL DIAGRAM............................................................................................................. 17

FIGURE 2: PIN ASSIGNMENT (TOP VIEW) ................................ ................................ .................................. 20

FIGURE 3: SLEEP MODE APPLICATION VIA UART ..................................................................................... 29

FIGURE 4: SLEEP MODE APPLICATION WITH USB REMOTE WAKEUP ................................................... 30

FIGURE 5: SLEEP MODE APPLICATION WITH RI ....................................................................................... 31

FIGURE 6: SLEEP MODE APPLICATION WITHOUT SUSPEND FUNCTION ............................................... 31

FIGURE 7: POWER SUPPLY LIMITS DURING BURST TRANSMISSION..................................................... 33

FIGURE 8: STAR STRUCTURE OF POWER SUPPLY .................................................................................. 34

FIGURE 9: REFERENCE CIRCUIT OF POWER SUPPLY............................................................................. 34

FIGURE 10: TURN ON THE MODULE USING DRIVING CIRCUIT ............................................................... 35

FIGURE 11: TURN ON THE MODULE USING BUTTON ............................................................................... 36

FIGURE 12: TIMING OF TURNING ON MODULE ......................................................................................... 36

FIGURE 13: TIMING OF TURNING OFF MODULE ....................................................................................... 37

FIGURE 14: REFERENCE CIRCUIT OF RESET_N BY USING DRIVING CIRCUIT ...................................... 38

FIGURE 15: REFERENCE CIRCUIT OF RESET_N BY USING BUTTON ..................................................... 39

FIGURE 16: TIMING OF RESETTING MODULE ........................................................................................... 39

FIGURE 17: REFERENCE CIRCUIT OF (U)SIM INTERFACE WITH AN 8-PIN (U)SIM CARD CONNECTOR

............................................................................................................................................................... 41

FIGURE 18: REFERENCE CIRCUIT OF (U)SIM INTERFACE WITH A 6-PIN (U)SIM CARD CONNECTOR . 41

FIGURE 19: REFERENCE CIRCUIT OF USB INTERFACE........................................................................... 43

FIGURE 20: REFERENCE CIRCUIT WITH TRANSLATOR CHIP .................................................................. 45

FIGURE 21: REFERENCE CIRCUIT WITH TRANSISTOR CIRCUIT............................................................. 46

FIGURE 22: PRIMARY MODE TIMING .......................................................................................................... 47

FIGURE 23: AUXILIARY MODE TIMING ....................................................................................................... 47

FIGURE 24: REFERENCE CIRCUIT OF PCM APPLICATION WITH AUDIO CODEC ................................... 48

FIGURE 25: REFERENCE CIRCUIT OF SPI INTERFACE WITH PERIPHERALS ........................................ 49

FIGURE 26: REFERENCE CIRCUIT OF NETWORK STATUS INDICATOR .................................................. 50

FIGURE 27: REFERENCE CIRCUIT OF STATUS ......................................................................................... 51

FIGURE 28: REFERENCE CIRCUIT OF USB_BOOT INTERFACE ............................................................... 53

FIGURE 29: TIMING SEQUENCE FOR ENTERING EMERGENCY DOWNLOAD MODE ............................. 54

FIGURE 30: REFERENCE CIRCUIT OF RF ANTENNA INTERFACE ............................................................ 59

FIGURE 31: MICROSTRIP LINE DESIGN ON A 2-LAYER PCB .................................................................... 59

FIGURE 32: COPLANAR WAVEGUIDE DESIGN ON A 2-LAYER PCB.......................................................... 60

FIGURE 33: COPLANAR WAVEGUIDE DESIGN ON A 4-LAYER PCB (LAYER 3 AS REFERENCE GROUND)

............................................................................................................................................................... 60

FIGURE 34: COPLANAR WAVEGUIDE DESIGN ON A 4-LAYER PCB (LAYER 4 AS REFERENCE GROUND)

............................................................................................................................................................... 60

FIGURE 35: REFERENCE CIRCUIT OF GNSS ANTENNA ........................................................................... 62

FIGURE 36: DIMENSIONS OF THE U.FL-R-SMT CONNECTOR (UNIT: MM) ............................................... 63

FIGURE 37: MECHANICALS OF U.FL-LP CONNECTORS ........................................................................... 64

FIGURE 38: SPACE FACTOR OF MATED CONNECTOR (UNIT: MM) ................................ .......................... 64

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FIGURE 39: REFERENCED HEATSINK DESIGN (HEATSINK AT THE TOP OF THE MODULE) .................. 80

FIGURE 40: REFERENCED HEATSINK DESIGN (HEATSINK AT THE BACKSIDE OF CUSTOMERS’ PCB)

............................................................................................................................................................... 80

FIGURE 41: MODULE TOP AND SIDE DIMENSIONS................................ ................................ ................... 81

FIGURE 42: MODULE BOTTOM DIMENSIONS (TOP VIEW)........................................................................ 82

FIGURE 43: RECOMMENDED FOOTPRINT (TOP VIEW) ............................................................................ 83

FIGURE 44: TOP VIEW OF THE MODULE ................................................................................................... 84

FIGURE 45: BOTTOM VIEW OF THE MODULE ........................................................................................... 84

FIGURE 46: REFLOW SOLDERING THERMAL PROFILE ............................................................................ 86

FIGURE 47: TAPE DIMENSIONS .................................................................................................................. 87

FIGURE 48: REEL DIMENSIONS .................................................................................................................. 88

FIGURE 49: TAPE AND REEL DIRECTIONS ................................................................................................ 88

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1 Introduction

This document defines the EG91 module and describes its air interface and hardware interface which are
connected with customers’ applications.

This document can help customers quickly understand module interface specifications, electrical and
mechanical details, as well as other related information of EG91 module. Associated with application note
and user guide, customers can use EG91 module to design and set up mobile applications easily.

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1.1. Safety Information

The following safety precautions must be observed during all phases of operation, such as usage, service
or repair of any cellular terminal or mobile incorporating EG91 module. Manufacturers of the cellular
terminal should send the following safety information to users and operating personnel, and incorporate
these guidelines into all manuals supplied with the product. If not so, Quectel assumes no liability for
customers’ failure to comply with these precautions.

Full attention must be given to driving at all times in order to reduce the risk of an
accident. Using a mobile while driving (even with a handsfree kit) causes
distraction and can lead to an accident. Please comply with laws and regulations
restricting the use of wireless devices while driving.

Switch off the cellular terminal or mobile before boarding an aircraft. The operation
of wireless appliances in an aircraft is forbidden to prevent interference with
communication systems. If the device offers an Airplane Mode, then it should be
enabled prior to boarding an aircraft. Please consult the airline staff for more
restrictions on the use of wireless devices on boarding the aircraft.

Wireless devices may cause interference on sensitive medical equipment, so
please be aware of the restrictions on the use of wireless devices when in
hospitals, clinics or other healthcare facilities.

Cellular terminals or mobiles operating over radio signals and cellular network
cannot be guaranteed to connect in all possible conditions (for example, with
unpaid bills or with an invalid (U)SIM card). When emergent help is needed in such
conditions, please remember using emergency call. In order to make or receive a
call, the cellular terminal or mobile must be switched on in a service area with
adequate cellular signal strength.

The cellular terminal or mobile contains a transmitter and receiver. When it is ON, it
receives and transmits radio frequency signals. RF interference can occur if it is
used close to TV set, radio, computer or other electric equipment.

In locations with potentially explosive atmospheres, obey all posted signs to turn
off wireless devices such as your phone or other cellular terminals. Areas with
potentially explosive atmospheres include fuelling areas, below decks on boats,
fuel or chemical transfer or storage facilities, areas where the air contains
chemicals or particles such as grain, dust or metal powders, etc.

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2 Product Concept

2.1. General Description

EG91 module is an embedded 4G wireless communication module with receive diversity. It supports
LTE-FDD/WCDMA/GSM wireless communication, and provides data connectivity on LTE-FDD,
DC-HSDPA, HSPA+, HSDPA, HSUPA, WCDMA, EDGE and GPRS networks. It can also provide voice
functionality 1) to meet customers’ specific application demands. EG91 contains 6 variants: EG91-E,
EG91-NA, EG91-NS, EG91-VX 2), EG91-EX 2) and EG91-NAX 2). The following table shows the
frequency bands of EG91 series module.

Table 1: Frequency Bands of EG91 Series Module

Module

LTE Bands
(with Rx-diversity)

WCDMA
(with Rx-diversity)

GSM

GNSS 3)

EG91-E

FDD:
B1/B3/B7/B8/B20/B28A

B1/B8

900/1800MHz

Not supported

EG91-NA

FDD:
B2/B4/B5/B12/B13

B2/B4/B5

Not supported

GPS, GLONASS,
BeiDou/Compass,
Galileo, QZSS

EG91-NS

FDD:
B2/B4/B5/B12/B13/B25/
B26

B2/B4/B5

Not supported

GPS, GLONASS,
BeiDou/Compass,
Galileo, QZSS

EG91-VX 2)

FDD: B4/B13

Not supported

Not supported

GPS, GLONASS,
BeiDou/Compass,
Galileo, QZSS

EG91-EX 2)

FDD:
B1/B3/B7/B8/B20/B28

B1/B8

900/1800MHz

GPS, GLONASS,
BeiDou/Compass,
Galileo, QZSS

EG91-NAX 2)

FDD:
B2/B4/B5/B12/B13/B25/
B26

B2/B4/B5

Not supported

GPS, GLONASS,
BeiDou/Compass,
Galileo, QZSS

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1.

1)

EG91 contains Telematics version and Data-only version. Telematics version supports voice and

data functions, while Data-only version only supports data function.

2.

2)

EG91-VX/-EX/-NAX are based on ThreadX OS.

3.

3)

GNSS function is optional.

With a compact profile of 29.0mm × 25.0mm × 2.3mm, EG91 can meet almost all requirements for M2M
applications such as automotive, smart metering, tracking system, security, router, wireless POS, mobile
computing device, PDA phone, tablet PC, etc.

EG91 is an SMD type module which can be embedded into applications through its 106 LGA pads.

EG91 is integrated with internet service protocols like TCP, UDP and PPP. Extended AT commands have
been developed for customers to use these internet service protocols easily.

2.2. Key Features

The following table describes the detailed features of EG91 module.

Table 2: Key Features of EG91 Module

Feature

Details

Power Supply

Supply voltage: 3.3V~4.3V
Typical supply voltage: 3.8V

Transmitting Power

Class 4 (33dBm±2dB) for EGSM900
Class 1 (30dBm±2dB) for DCS1800
Class E2 (27dBm±3dB) for EGSM900 8-PSK
Class E2 (26dBm±3dB) for DCS1800 8-PSK
Class 3 (24dBm+1/-3dB) for WCDMA bands
Class 3 (23dBm±2dB) for LTE-FDD bands

LTE Features

Support up to non-CA Cat 1 FDD
Support 1.4/3/5/10/15/20MHz RF bandwidth
Support MIMO in DL direction
LTE-FDD: Max 10Mbps (DL), Max 5Mbps (UL)

UMTS Features

Support 3GPP R8 DC-HSDPA, HSPA+, HSDPA, HSUPA and WCDMA
Support QPSK, 16-QAM and 64-QAM modulation
DC-HSDPA: Max 42Mbps (DL)
HSUPA: Max 5.76Mbps (UL)
WCDMA: Max 384Kbps (DL), Max 384Kbps (UL)

NOTES

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GSM Features

R99:

CSD: 9.6kbps

GPRS:

Support GPRS multi-slot class 33 (33 by default)
Coding scheme: CS-1, CS-2, CS-3 and CS-4
Max 107Kbps (DL), Max 85.6Kbps (UL)

EDGE:

Support EDGE multi-slot class 33 (33 by default)
Support GMSK and 8-PSK for different MCS (Modulation and Coding
Scheme)
Downlink coding schemes: CS 1-4 and MCS 1-9
Uplink coding schemes: CS 1-4 and MCS 1-9
Max 296Kbps (DL)/Max 236.8Kbps (UL)

Internet Protocol Features

Support TCP/UDP/PPP/FTP/FTPS/HTTP/HTTPS/NTP/PING/QMI/NITZ/
MMS/SMTP/SSL/MQTT/FILE/CMUX*/SMTPS* protocols
Support PAP (Password Authentication Protocol) and CHAP (Challenge
Handshake Authentication Protocol) protocols which are usually used for
PPP connections

SMS

Text and PDU modes
Point-to-point MO and MT
SMS cell broadcast
SMS storage: ME by default

(U)SIM Interfaces

Support 1.8V and 3.0V (U)SIM cards

Audio Features

Support one digital audio interface: PCM interface
GSM: HR/FR/EFR/AMR/AMR-WB
WCDMA: AMR/AMR-WB
LTE: AMR/AMR-WB
Support echo cancellation and noise suppression

PCM Interface

Used for audio function with external codec
Support 16-bit linear data format
Support long frame synchronization and short frame synchronization
Support master and slave mode, but must be the master in long frame
synchronization

USB Interface

Compliant with USB 2.0 specification (slave only); the data transfer rate
can reach up to 480Mbps
Used for AT command communication, data transmission, GNSS NMEA
sentences output, software debugging, firmware upgrade and voice over
USB
Support USB serial drivers for: Windows 7/8/8.1/10, Linux 2.6/3.x/4.1~4.15,
Android 4.x/5.x/6.x/7.x/8.x/9.x, etc.

UART Interface

Main UART:

Used for AT command communication and data transmission
Baud rates reach up to 921600bps, 115200bps by default

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Support RTS and CTS hardware flow control

Debug UART:

Used for Linux console and log output
115200bps baud rate

SPI Interface 2)

Provides a duplex, synchronous and serial communication link with the
peripheral devices.
Dedicated to one-to-one connection, without chip selection.

1.8V operation voltage with clock rates up to 50MHz.

Rx-diversity

Support LTE/WCDMA Rx-diversity

GNSS Features

Gen8C Lite of Qualcomm
Protocol: NMEA 0183

AT Commands

Compliant with 3GPP TS 27.007, 27.005 and Quectel enhanced AT
commands

Network Indication

NETLIGHT pin for network activity status indication

Antenna Interfaces

Including main antenna interface (ANT_MAIN), Rx-diversity antenna
(ANT_DIV) interface and GNSS antenna interface (ANT_GNSS) 1)

Physical Characteristics

Size: (29.0±0.15)mm × (25.0±0.15)mm × (2.3±0.2)mm
Package: LGA
Weight: approx. 3.8g

Temperature Range

Operation temperature range: -35°C ~ +75°C 3)
Extended temperature range: -40°C ~ +85°C

4)

Storage temperature range: -40°C ~ +90°C

Firmware Upgrade

USB interface or DFOTA

RoHS

All hardware components are fully compliant with EU RoHS directive

1.

1)

GNSS antenna interface is only supported on EG91-NA/-NS/-VX/-EX/-NAX.

2.

2)

SPI interface is not supported on ThreadX modules.

3. 3) Within operation temperature range, the module is 3GPP compliant.

4. 4) Within extended temperature range, the module remains the ability to establish and maintain a
voice, SMS, data transmission, emergency call* (emergency call is not supported on ThreadX
modules), etc. There is no unrecoverable malfunction. There are also no effects on radio spectrum
and no harm to radio network. Only one or more parameters like P

out

might reduce in their value and
exceed the specified tolerances. When the temperature returns to normal operation temperature
levels, the module will meet 3GPP specifications again.

5. “*” means under development.

NOTES

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EG91_Hardware_Design 17 / 96

2.3. Functional Diagram

The following figure shows a block diagram of EG91 and illustrates the major functional parts.

⚫ Power management
⚫ Baseband
⚫ DDR+NAND flash
⚫ Radio frequency
⚫ Peripheral interfaces

Baseband

PMIC

Transceiver

NAND
DDR2

SDRAM

PA

PAM

Switch

ANT_MAIN ANT_DIV

VBAT_BB

VBAT_RF

PWRKEY

VDD_EXT

USB PCM UARTI2C

RESET_N

19.2M
XO

STATUS

GPIOs

Control

IQ Control

Duplexer

SAW

Tx

PRx DRx

(U)SIM2

SPI

(U)SIM1

SAW

LNA

ANT_GNSS

1)

SAW

GPS

Figure 1: Functional Diagram

1)

GNSS antenna interface is only supported on EG91-NA/-NS/-VX/-EX/-NAX.

NOTE

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EG91_Hardware_Design 18 / 96

2.4. Evaluation Board

Quectel provides a complete set of evaluation tools to facilitate the use and testing of EG91 module. The
evaluation tool kit includes the evaluation board (UMTS<E EVB), USB data cable, earphone, antenna
and other peripherals. For more details, please refer to document [7].

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3 Application Interfaces

3.1. General Description

EG91 is equipped with 62-pin 1.1mm pitch SMT pads and 44-pin ground/reserved pads that can be
connected to customers’ cellular application platforms. Sub-interfaces included in these pads are
described in detail in the following chapters:

⚫ Power supply
⚫ (U)SIM interfaces
⚫ USB interface
⚫ UART interfaces
⚫ PCM and I2C interfaces
⚫ SPI interface 1)
⚫ Status indication
⚫ USB_BOOT interface

⚫

1)

SPI interface is not supported on ThreadX modules.

NOTE

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3.2. Pin Assignment

The following figure shows the pin assignment of EG91 module.

NC

PCM_SYNC

PCM_CLK

PCM_DIN

PCM_DOUT

NC

NC

PWRKEY

1)

NC

RESET_N

RESERVED

1

2
3

4
5

6
7

11
12
13
14
15
16

17
18

50

51

52

53

54

55

58

59

60

61

62

USB_DM

AP_READY

STATUS

NETLIGHT

DBG_RXD

DBG_TXD

ADC0

RESERVED

SPI_CLK

SPI_MOSI

SPI_MISO

VDD_EXT

DTR

GND

USIM1_CLK

USIM1_DATA

USIM1_RST

USIM1_VDD

RI
DCD

CTS

TXD

RXD

VBAT_BB

VBAT_BB

USIM_GND

GND

31

30

29

28

27

26

23

22

21

20

19

10

9

USB_DP

USB_VBUS

NC

GND

NC

NC

RTS

I2C_SCL

I2C_SDA

8

49

48
47

46

45

44

43

40

41

42

39
38
37
36
35
34

33
32

24

57

56

GND

GND

ANT_MAIN

GND

GND

NC

VBAT_RF

VBAT_RF

GND

GND

NC

GND

USIM1_PRESENCE

63

64

65

66

67

68

83

84

85

86

87

88

98

97

96

95

94

93

78

77

76

75

74

73

91 92

89 90

71

72

69

70

80 79

82 81

100

99

102 101

POWER USB UART

(U)SIM

OTHERS

GND

NC

PCM

ANT

25

USIM2_PRESENCE

USIM2_CLK

USIM2_RST

USIM2_DATA

USIM2_VDD

SPI

USB_BOOT

103

104

105

106

ANT_DIV (EG91-NA/-NS/-VX/-EX/-NAX)

ANT_GNSS (EG91-NA/-NS/-VX/-EX/-NAX)

RESERVED

RESERVED

(Pin 56 on EG91-E)

ANT_DIV (EG91-E)

Figure 2: Pin Assignment (Top View)

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EG91_Hardware_Design 21 / 96

1. 1) PWRKEY output voltage is 0.8V because of the diode drop in the Qualcomm chipset.

2. Keep all RESERVED pins and unused pins unconnected.

3. GND pads should be connected to ground in the design.

4. Please note that the definition of pin 49 and 56 are different among EG91-NA/-NS/-VX/-EX/-NAX and
EG91-E. For more details, please refer to Table 4.

3.3. Pin Description

The following tables show the pin definition and description of EG91.

Table 3: IO Parameters Definition

Table 4: Pin Description

Type

Description

AI

Analog Input

AO

Analog Output

DI

Digital Input

DO

Digital Output

IO

Bidirectional

OD

Open Drain

PI

Power Input

PO

Power Output

Power Supply

Pin Name

Pin No.

I/O

Description

DC
Characteristics

Comment

VBAT_BB

32, 33

PI

Power supply for

module’s baseband

part

Vmax=4.3V
Vmin=3.3V
Vnorm=3.8V

It must be provided with
sufficient current up to

0.8A.

NOTES

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EG91_Hardware_Design 22 / 96

VBAT_RF

52, 53

PI

Power supply for
module’s RF part

Vmax=4.3V
Vmin=3.3V
Vnorm=3.8V

It must be provided with
sufficient current up to

1.8A in a burst

transmission.

VDD_EXT

29

PO

Provide 1.8V for
external circuit

Vnorm=1.8V
IOmax=50mA

Power supply for

external GPIO’s pull up

circuits.
If unused, keep it open.

GND

3, 31, 48,
50, 54, 55,
58, 59, 61,
62, 67~74,
79~82,
89~91,
100~106

Ground

Power-on/off

Pin Name

Pin No.

I/O

Description

DC Characteristics

Comment

PWRKEY

15

DI

Turn on/off the
module

VH=0.8V

The output voltage is

0.8V because of the

diode drop in the
Qualcomm chipset.

RESET_N

17

DI

Reset signal of the
module

VIHmax=2.1V
VIHmin=1.3V
VILmax=0.5V

Require pull-up
resistor to 1.8V
internally.
Active low.
If unused, keep it
open.

Status Indication

Pin Name

Pin No.

I/O

Description

DC Characteristics

Comment

STATUS

20

DO

Indicate the
module’s operation
status

VOHmin=1.35V
VOLmax=0.45V

1.8V power domain.

If unused, keep it
open.

NETLIGHT

21

DO

Indicate the
module’s network
activity status

VOHmin=1.35V
VOLmax=0.45V

1.8V power domain.

If unused, keep it
open.

USB Interface

Pin Name

Pin No.

I/O

Description

DC Characteristics

Comment

USB_VBUS

8

PI

USB connection
detection

Vmax=5.25V
Vmin=3.0V

Typical: 5.0V
If unused, keep it

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Vnorm=5.0V

open.

USB_DP

9

IO

USB differential
data bus (+)

Compliant with USB

2.0 standard

specification.

Require differential
impedance of 90Ω.

USB_DM

10

IO

USB differential
data bus (-)

Compliant with USB

2.0 standard

specification.

Require differential
impedance of 90Ω.

(U)SIM Interfaces

Pin Name

Pin No.

I/O

Description

DC Characteristics

Comment

USIM_GND

47

Specified ground
for (U)SIM card

Connect to ground of
(U)SIM card
connector.

USIM1_VDD

43

PO

Power supply for
(U)SIM card

For 1.8V (U)SIM:

Vmax=1.9V
Vmin=1.7V

For 3.0V (U)SIM:

Vmax=3.05V
Vmin=2.7V
IOmax=50mA

Either 1.8V or 3.0V is
supported by the
module automatically.

USIM1_DATA

45

IO

Data signal of
(U)SIM card

For 1.8V (U)SIM:

VILmax=0.6V
VIHmin=1.2V
VOLmax=0.45V
VOHmin=1.35V

For 3.0V (U)SIM:

VILmax=1.0V
VIHmin=1.95V
VOLmax=0.45V
VOHmin=2.55V

USIM1_CLK

46

DO

Clock signal of
(U)SIM card

For 1.8V (U)SIM:

VOLmax=0.45V
VOHmin=1.35V

For 3.0V (U)SIM:

VOLmax=0.45V
VOHmin=2.55V

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USIM1_RST

44

DO

Reset signal of
(U)SIM card

For 1.8V (U)SIM:
VOLmax=0.45V
VOHmin=1.35V

For 3.0V (U)SIM:
VOLmax=0.45V
VOHmin=2.55V

USIM1_
PRESENCE

42

DI

(U)SIM card
insertion detection

VILmin=-0.3V
VILmax=0.6V
VIHmin=1.2V
VIHmax=2.0V

1.8V power domain.

If unused, keep it
open.

USIM2_VDD

87

PO

Power supply for
(U)SIM card

For 1.8V (U)SIM:
Vmax=1.9V
Vmin=1.7V

For 3.0V (U)SIM:
Vmax=3.05V
Vmin=2.7V
IOmax=50mA

Either 1.8V or 3.0V is
supported by the
module automatically.

USIM2_DATA

86

IO

Data signal of
(U)SIM card

For 1.8V (U)SIM:
VILmax=0.6V
VIHmin=1.2V
VOLmax=0.45V
VOHmin=1.35V

For 3.0V (U)SIM:
VILmax=1.0V
VIHmin=1.95V
VOLmax=0.45V
VOHmin=2.55V

USIM2_CLK

84

DO

Clock signal of
(U)SIM card

For 1.8V (U)SIM:
VOLmax=0.45V
VOHmin=1.35V

For 3.0V (U)SIM:
VOLmax=0.45V
VOHmin=2.55V

USIM2_RST

85

DO

Reset signal of
(U)SIM card

For 1.8V (U)SIM:
VOLmax=0.45V
VOHmin=1.35V

For 3.0V (U)SIM:
VOLmax=0.45V
VOHmin=2.55V

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USIM2_
PRESENCE

83

DI

(U)SIM card
insertion detection

VILmin=-0.3V
VILmax=0.6V
VIHmin=1.2V
VIHmax=2.0V

1.8V power domain.

If unused, keep it
open.

Main UART Interface

Pin Name

Pin No.

I/O

Description

DC Characteristics

Comment

RI

39

DO

Ring indicator

VOLmax=0.45V
VOHmin=1.35V

1.8V power domain.

If unused, keep it
open.

DCD

38

DO

Data carrier
detection

VOLmax=0.45V
VOHmin=1.35V

1.8V power domain.

If unused, keep it
open.

CTS

36

DO

Clear to send

VOLmax=0.45V
VOHmin=1.35V

1.8V power domain.

If unused, keep it
open.

RTS

37

DI

Request to send

VILmin=-0.3V
VILmax=0.6V
VIHmin=1.2V
VIHmax=2.0V

1.8V power domain.

If unused, keep it
open.

DTR

30

DI

Data terminal
ready.
Sleep mode
control.

VILmin=-0.3V
VILmax=0.6V
VIHmin=1.2V
VIHmax=2.0V

1.8V power domain.

Require pull-up
resistor by default.
Low level wakes up
the module.
If unused, keep it
open.

TXD

35

DO

Transmit data

VOLmax=0.45V
VOHmin=1.35V

1.8V power domain.

If unused, keep it
open.

RXD

34

DI

Receive data

VILmin=-0.3V
VILmax=0.6V
VIHmin=1.2V
VIHmax=2.0V

1.8V power domain.

If unused, keep it
open.

Debug UART Interface

Pin Name

Pin No.

I/O

Description

DC Characteristics

Comment

DBG_TXD

23

DO

Transmit data

VOLmax=0.45V
VOHmin=1.35V

1.8V power domain.

If unused, keep it
open.

DBG_RXD

22

DI

Receive data

VILmin=-0.3V
VILmax=0.6V

1.8V power domain.

If unused, keep it

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EG91_Hardware_Design 26 / 96

VIHmin=1.2V
VIHmax=2.0V

open.

PCM Interface

Pin Name

Pin No.

I/O

Description

DC Characteristics

Comment

PCM_DIN

6

DI

PCM data input

VILmin=-0.3V
VILmax=0.6V
VIHmin=1.2V
VIHmax=2.0V

1.8V power domain.

If unused, keep it
open.

PCM_
DOUT

7

DO

PCM data output

VOLmax=0.45V
VOHmin=1.35V

1.8V power domain.

If unused, keep it
open.

PCM_SYNC

5

IO

PCM data frame
synchronization
signal

VOLmax=0.45V
VOHmin=1.35V
VILmin=-0.3V
VILmax=0.6V
VIHmin=1.2V
VIHmax=2.0V

1.8V power domain.

In master mode, it is
an output signal. In
slave mode, it is an
input signal.
If unused, keep it
open.

PCM_CLK

4

IO

PCM clock

VOLmax=0.45V
VOHmin=1.35V
VILmin=-0.3V
VILmax=0.6V
VIHmin=1.2V
VIHmax=2.0V

1.8V power domain.

In master mode, it is
an output signal. In
slave mode, it is an
input signal.
If unused, keep it
open.

I2C Interface

Pin Name

Pin No.

I/O

Description

DC Characteristics

Comment

I2C_SCL

40

OD

I2C serial clock.
Used for external
codec

An external pull-up
resistor is required.

1.8V only.

If unused, keep it
open.

I2C_SDA

41

OD

I2C serial data.
Used for external
codec

An external pull-up
resistor is required.

1.8V only.

If unused, keep it
open.

ADC Interface

Pin Name

Pin No.

I/O

Description

DC Characteristics

Comment

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EG91_Hardware_Design 27 / 96

ADC0

24

AI

General purpose
analog to digital
converter

Voltage range:

0.3V to VBAT_BB

If unused, keep it
open.

SPI Interface 1)

Pin Name

Pin No.

I/O

Description

DC Characteristics

Comment

SPI_CLK

26

DO

Clock signal of SPI
interface

VOLmax=0.45V
VOHmin=1.35V

1.8V power domain.

If unused, keep it
open.

SPI_MOSI

27

DO

Master output slave
input of SPI
interface

VOLmax=0.45V
VOHmin=1.35V

1.8V power domain.

If unused, keep it
open.

SPI_MISO

28

DI

Master input slave
output of SPI
interface

VILmin=-0.3V
VILmax=0.6V
VIHmin=1.2V
VIHmax=2.0V

1.8V power domain.

If unused, keep it
open.

RF Interfaces

Pin Name

Pin No.

I/O

Description

DC Characteristics

Comment

ANT_GNSS

49
(EG91­NA/-NS/

-VX/-EX/

-NAX)

AI

GNSS antenna pad

50Ω impedance.
If unused, keep it
open.
The pin is defined as
ANT_DIV on
EG91-E.

ANT_DIV

49
(EG91-E)

AI

Receive diversity
antenna pad

50Ω impedance.
If unused, keep it
open.
Pin 56 is reserved on
EG91-E.

56
(EG91­NA/-NS/

-VX/-EX/

-NAX)

ANT_MAIN

60

IO

Main antenna pad

50Ω impedance.

Other Pins

Pin Name

Pin No.

I/O

Description

DC Characteristics

Comment

AP_READY

19

DI

Application
processor sleep
state detection

VILmin=-0.3V
VILmax=0.6V
VIHmin=1.2V

1.8V power domain.

If unused, keep it
open.

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EG91_Hardware_Design 28 / 96

1. 1) SPI interface is not supported on ThreadX modules.

2. Keep all RESERVED pins and unused pins unconnected.

3.4. Operating Modes

The table below briefly summarizes the various operating modes referred in the following chapters.

Table 5: Overview of Operating Modes

Mode

Details

Normal
Operation

Idle

Software is active. The module has registered on network, and it is
ready to send and receive data.

Talk/Data

Network connection is ongoing. In this mode, the power consumption is
decided by network setting and data transfer rate.

Minimum
Functionality
Mode

AT+CFUN command can set the module to a minimum functionality mode without
removing the power supply. In this case, both RF function and (U)SIM card will be invalid.

Airplane

AT+CFUN command or W_DISABLE# pin can set the module to enter airplane mode. In

VIHmax=2.0V

USB_BOOT

75

DI

Force the module to
enter emergency
download mode

VILmin=-0.3V
VILmax=0.6V
VIHmin=1.2V
VIHmax=2.0V

1.8V power domain.

It is recommended to
reserve the test
points.

RESERVED Pins

Pin Name

Pin No.

I/O

Description

DC Characteristics

Comment

NC

1,2, 11~14,
16, 51,
57, 63~66,
76~78,
88, 92~99

NC

Keep these pins
unconnected.

RESERVED

18, 25, 56

Reserved

Keep these pins
unconnected.
Pin 56 is only
reserved on EG91-E.

NOTES

LTE Standard Module Series

EG91 Hardware Design

EG91_Hardware_Design 29 / 96

Mode

this case, RF function will be invalid.

Sleep Mode

In this mode, the current consumption of the module will be reduced to the minimal level.
During this mode, the module can still receive paging message, SMS, voice call and
TCP/UDP data from the network normally.

Power Down
Mode

In this mode, the power management unit shuts down the power supply. Software is not
active. The serial interface is not accessible. Operating voltage (connected to VBAT_RF
and VBAT_BB) remains applied.

3.5. Power Saving

3.5.1. Sleep Mode

EG91 is able to reduce its current consumption to a minimum value during the sleep mode. The following
sub-chapters describe the power saving procedures of EG91 module.

3.5.1.1. UART Application

If the host communicates with the module via UART interface, the following preconditions can let the
module enter sleep mode.

⚫ Execute AT+QSCLK=1 command to enable sleep mode.
⚫ Drive DTR to high level.

The following figure shows the connection between the module and the host.

RXD

TXD

RI

DTR

AP_READY

TXD
RXD

EINT
GPIO
GPIO

Module

Host

GND

GND

Figure 3: Sleep Mode Application via UART

Driving the host DTR to low level will wake up the module.

⚫ When EG91 has a URC to report, RI signal will wake up the host. Please refer to Chapter 3.17 for

details about RI behavior.