Philips MF RC530 User Manual

INTEGRATED CIRCUITS

Short Form Specification

Philips

MF RC530

ISO 14443A Reader IC

Revision 2.0

Semiconductors

February 2002

Philips Semiconductors Short Form Specification Rev. 2.0 February 2002

ISO 14443A Reader IC MF RC530

CONTENTS

1 INTRODUCTION................................... 3

1.1 Scope................................................... 3

1.2 Features ............................................... 3

1.3 Applications........................................... 3

2 BLOCK DIAGRAM .................................4

3 MF RC530 PINNING.............................. 5

3.1 Pinning Diagram .................................... 5

3.2 Pin Description ...................................... 6

3.2.1 Antenna Interface.................................. 6

3.2.2 Analog Supply....................................... 6

3.2.3 Digital Supply........................................ 6

3.2.4 Auxillary Pin.......................................... 6

3.2.5 Reset Pin.............................................. 7

3.2.6 Oscillator............................................... 7

3.2.7 MIFARE Interface ................................ 7

3.2.8 Parallel Interface.................................... 7

3.2.9 SPI Compatible Interface........................ 8

3.3 Applications........................................... 8

3.3.1 Connecting Different µController's ........... 8

3.3.2 Application Example.............................. 9

4 MIFARE® CLASSIC RELATED ITEMS ...10

4.1 CRYPTO I: Card Authentication.............10

4.1.1 Initiating Card Authentication.................10

4.1.2 Second Part of Card Authentication .......10

5 ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATION.............11

5.1 DC Characteristics ...............................11

5.2 Start up Characteristics.........................11

MIFARE is a registered trademark of Philips Electronics N.V

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ISO 14443A Reader IC MF RC530

1 INTRODUCTION

1.1 Scope

The MF RC530 is member of a new family of
highly integrated reader ICs for contactless
communication at 13.56 MHz. This reader IC
family utilises an outstanding modulation and
demodulation concept completely integrated for all
kinds of passive contactless communication
methods and protocols at 13.56 MHz. The MF
RC530 is pin- compatible to the MF RC500, the
MF RC531 and the SL RC400.

The MF RC530 supports all layers of the
ISO14443A communication scheme.
The MF RC530 supports contactless
communication using MIFARE® Higher Baudrates.
The internal transmitter part is able to drive an
antenna designed for proximity operating distance
(up to 100 mm) directly without additional active
circuitry.
The receiver part provides a robust and efficient
implementation of a demodulation and decoding
circuitry for signals from ISO14443A compatible
transponders.
The digital part handles the complete ISO14443A
framing and error detection (Parity & CRC).
Additionally it supports the fast MIFARE® Classic
security algorithm to authenticate MIFARE
Classic (e.g. MIFARE® Standard, MIFARE® Light)
products.
A comfortable parallel interface, which can be
directly connected to any 8-bit µ-Processor gives
high flexibility for the reader/terminal design.
Additionally a SPI compatible interface is

supported.



• Crypto1 and secure non-volatile internal key

memory

• Pin-compatible to the MF RC500, MF RC531
and the SL RC400

• Parallel µ-Processor interface with internal
address latch and IRQ line

• SPI compatible interface

• Flexible interrupt handling

• Automatic detection of the used µ-Processor

interface type

• Comfortable 64 byte send and receive FIFO­buffer

• Hard reset with low power function

• Power down mode per software

• Programmable timer

• Unique serial number

• Bit- and byte-oriented framing

• Internal oscillator buffer to connect 13.56 MHz

quartz, optimised for low phase jitter

• 3.3 V to 5 V operation for transmitter (antenna
driver) in short range and proximity

applications

• 3.3 V or 5V operation for the digital part

1.3 Applications

1.2 Features

• Highly integrated analog circuitry to
demodulate and decode card response

• Buffered output drivers to connect an antenna
with minimum number of external components

• Proximity operating distance (up to 100 mm)

• Supports ISO 14443A

• Supports MIFARE® Dual Interface Card ICs

and supports MIFARE® Classic protocol

• Supports contactless communication with
higher baudrates up to 424kHz

The MF RC530 is tailored to fit the requirements
of various applications using contactless
communication based on ISO/IEC 14443A
standard where cost-effectiveness, small size,
high performance with a single voltage supply are

important.

• Public transport terminals

• Handheld terminals

• On board units

• Contactless PC terminals

• Metering

• Contactless public phones

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ISO 14443A Reader IC MF RC530

2 BLOCK DIAGRAM

The block diagram shows the main internal parts
of the MF RC530.

The parallel µController interface automatically
detects the kind of 8 bit parallel interface
connected to it. It includes a comfortable bi­directional FIFO buffer and a configurable
interrupt output. This gives the flexibility to
connect a variety of µC, even low cost devices,
still meeting the requirements of high speed
contactless transactions.

Additionally a SPI compatible interface will be
supported. The MF RC530 acts as a slave during
the SPI communication. The SPI clock SCK has
to be generated by the master. The SPI interface
includes a comfortable bi-directional FIFO buffer.

The Data processing part performs parallel serial
conversion of the data. It supports framing
including CRC and parity generation / checking. It

MF RC530

Status and Control

Data Bus

Addr. Bus

Control

Lines

Adress and

Data Bus

Data Processing

Parallel

µController

Interface

with FIFO

Buffer

Interface

with FIFO

Buffer

Parallel/Serial

Conversion

CRC/Parity Generation &

Framing Generation &

Bit Coding and Decoding

SPI

Check
Check

Crypto1 Security

& Key Memory

Status and Control Analog

Data Processing

Parallel/Serial

Conversion

CRC/Parity Generation &

Check

Framing Generation &

Check

Bit Coding and Decoding

operates in full transparent mode thus supporting
all layers of ISO 14443A.

The status and control part allows configuration of
the device to adapt to environmental influences
and to adjust to operate with best performance.

For communication with MIFARE® Classic
products like MIFARE® Standard or MIFARE

®

Light a high speed CRYPTO 1 stream cipher unit
and a secure non-volatile key memory is
implemented.

The analog circuit includes a transmitting part with
a very low impedance bridge driver output. This
allows an operating distance up to 100mm. The
receiver is able to detect and decode even very
weak responses. Due to a highly sophisticated
implementation the receiver is no longer a limiting
factor for the operating distance.

MIFARE

Circuitry

Integrated

Demodulator,

Bit-Decoder,

Output Drivers

ISO14443A

®

Classic

®

MIFARE

Pro/ProX

Figure 2-1: MF RC530 Block Diagram

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ISO 14443A Reader IC MF RC530

3 MF RC530 PINNING

3.1 Pinning Diagram

The device is packaged in a 32 pin SO-package.

MF RC530

DVDD

DVSS

A0-A3

D0-D7

NRD

NWR

NCS

ALE

IRQ

RST

XOUT

XIN

TVDD
TVSS
TX1
TX2

AVDD
AVSS
RX
VMID

AUX
MFOUT
MFIN

Figure 3-1: MF RC530

The device operates with 3 individual power supplies for best performance in terms of EMC behaviour and
signal de-coupling. This gives outstanding RF performance and also maximum flexibility to adapt to different
operating voltages of digital and analog part.

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ISO 14443A Reader IC MF RC530

3.2 Pin Description

3.2.1 ANTENNA INTERFACE

The contactless antenna interface basically uses four pins:
Name Type Function

TX1, TX2 O Buffered Antenna Drivers
VMID Analog Reference Voltage
RX I Analog Antenna Input Signal

To drive the antenna the MF RC530 provides the energy carrier of 13.56 MHz through TX1 and TX2. This
signal is modulated by the transmitting data according the register settings.

The card responds with load modulation of the RF field. The resulting signal picked up by the antenna is
coupled out from the antenna matching circuit and forwarded to the RX-pin. Inside the MF RC530 the
receiver senses and demodulates the signal and processes it according to the register settings. Data is
passed further on to the parallel interface where it is accessible by the µ-Controller.

The MF RC530 uses a separate power supply for the driver stage.
Name Type Function

TVDD Power Transmitter Supply Voltage
TGND Power Transmitter Supply Ground

3.2.2 ANALOG SUPPLY

For best performance the MF RC530 analog part has a separate supply. It powers the oscillator, the analog
demodulator and decoder circuitry.

Name Type Function
AVDD Power Analog Positive Supply Voltage
AGND Power Analog Supply Ground

3.2.3 DIGITAL SUPPLY

The MF RC530 uses a separate digital supply.
Name Type Function

DVDD Power Digital Positive Supply Voltage
DGND Power Digital Supply Ground

3.2.4 AUXILLARY PIN

Internal signals may be selected to drive this pin. It is used for design-in support and test purpose.

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ISO 14443A Reader IC MF RC530

3.2.5 RESET PIN

The reset pin disables internal current sources and clocks and detaches the MF RC530 virtually from the µC
bus. If RST is released, the MF RC530 executes the power up sequence.

3.2.6 OSCILLATOR

Name Type Function
XIN I Oscillator Buffer Input
XOUT O Oscillator Buffer Output

The very fast on-chip oscillator buffer operates with a 13.56 MHz crystal connected to XIN and XOUT. If the
device shall operate with an external clock it may be applied to pin XIN.

3.2.7 MIFARE INTERFACE

The MF RC530 supports the active antenna concept of MIFARE®. It may handles the base-band signals
NPAUSE and KOMP of MIFARE® Core Modules (MF CMxxx) at the pins MFIN and MFOUT.

Name Type Function
MFIN I with Schmitt Trigger MIFARE® Interface Input
MFOUT O MIFARE® Interface Output

The MIFARE® interface may be used to communicate with either the analog or the digital part of the MF
RC530 separately in the following ways:

• The analog circuit may be used stand-alone via the MIFARE® interface. In that case MFIN will be

connected to the externally generated NPAUSE signal. The MFOUT pin provides the KOMP signal.

• The digital circuit may be used to drive an external analog circuit via the MIFARE® interface. In that case

the MFOUT pin provides the internally generated NPAUSE signal and MFIN will be connected to the
KOMP signal from the outside.

3.2.8 PARALLEL INTERFACE

16 pins control the parallel interface:
Name Type Function

D0 … D7
A0 … A2 I/O with Schmitt Trigger Address Lines
NWR / RNW I/O with Schmitt Trigger Not Write / Read Not Write
NRD / NDS I/O with Schmitt Trigger Not Read / Not Data Strobe
NCS I/O with Schmitt Trigger Not Chip Select
ALE I/O with Schmitt Trigger Address Latch Enable
IRQ O Interrupt Request

I/O with Schmitt Trigger Bi-directional Data Bus

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ISO 14443A Reader IC MF RC530

3.2.9 SPI COMPATIBLE INTERFACE

4 pins control the SPI compatible interface.
Name Type Function

A0 I/O with Schmitt Trigger

A2 I/O with Schmitt Trigger

D0 I/O with Schmitt Trigger

ALE I/O with Schmitt Trigger

MOSI, master to slave
communication

SCK, clock to be generated by the
master

MISO, slave to master
communication

NSS, enables the SPI
communication

3.3 Applications

3.3.1 CONNECTING DIFFERENT µCONTROLLER'S

The MF RC530 supports different parallel µC interfaces and a SPI compatible interface. An intelligent auto­detection logic automatically adapts the parallel interface to the respective bus system. Selection of the
device is performed with signal NCS.

To connect µ-Controllers using separated address and data bus pin ALE has to be connected to DVDD.
To connect µ-Controllers using multiplexed address and data bus pin ALE has to be connected to the signal

ALE of the µ-Controller
To connect µ-Controllers using RNW and NDS (instead of NWR and NRD) the µ-Controller’s RNW has to be

connected to pin NWR and NDS to pin NRD.

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ISO 14443A Reader IC MF RC530

3.3.2 APPLICATION EXAMPLE

µController

NCS, NRD, NWR

ALE

RST

DVDD

AVDD

TVDD

TX1

DA0 ... DA7

IRQ

XOUT XIN

MF RC530

SO 32

DGND

AGND

TX2

RX

VMID

TGND

Figure 3-2: MF RC530; Principle circuit for short distance

Antenna

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ISO 14443A Reader IC MF RC530

4 MIFARE® CLASSIC RELATED ITEMS

4.1 CRYPTO I: Card Authentication

For correct authentication of MIFARE Classic
products the fast CRYPTO 1 stream cipher is
available. The corresponding keys have to be
programmed into the secure non-volatile key
memory of the MF RC530.

Only two commands need to be sent by
application software to turn on CRYPTO 1
secured communication.

4.1.1 INITIATING CARD AUTHENTICATION

The correct key for the authentication has to be
selected from the secure internal non-volatile key
memory and loaded into the internal CRYPTO1
register. Next the authentication command is
transmitted to the card.

After receiving the first message token from the
card, the µ-Controller has to check the

communication status flags. If communication so
far has been successful the second part of the

authentication procedure can be started.

4.1.2 SECOND PART OF CARD
AUTHENTICATION

Data to be transmitted to the card in this phase
are generated automatically by the internal
CRYPTO 1 unit inside the MF RC530. To request
this action the according command has to be
triggered.

The card will respond with the second message
token. Then the communication status flags have
to be checked by the µ-Controller. If
authentication has been successful further
communication with a MIFARE Classic card
continues CRYPTO 1 enciphered.

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ISO 14443A Reader IC MF RC530

5 ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATION

5.1 DC Characteristics

SYMBOL PARAMETER CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNIT

Voltage Supply

DVDD Digital Supply Voltage

4.5 5.0 5.5 V

3.0 3.3 3.6
AVDD Analog Supply Voltage 4.5 5.0 5.5 V
TVDD Transmitter Supply Voltage 3.3 5.0 5.5 V

Current Consumption
I

DVDD

I

AVDD

Operating Digital Supply Current Idle Command 6 mA
Operating Analog Supply Current

Idle Command,

25 mA

Receiver On

I

TVDD

Operating Buffered Antenna Driver

continuous wave 150 mA

Supply Current

5.2 Start up Characteristics

Mode CONDITIONS

Current

UNIT Time UNIT

Startup times and current consumption
Power on - - < 1000 µs

Hard Reset via Reset Pin 1 µA < 1000 µs
Soft Reset via Register Setting 1 µA < 1000 µs

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Definitions

Data sheet status

Objective specification This data sheet contains target or goal specifications for product development.
Preliminary specification This data sheet contains preliminary data; supplementary data may be

published later.

Product specification This data sheet contains final product specifications.

Limiting values

Limiting values given are in accordance with the Absolute Maximum Rating System (IEC 134). Stress
above one or more of the limiting values may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress
ratings only and operation of the device at these or at any other conditions above those given in the
Characteristics section of the specification is not implied. Exposure to limiting values for extended
periods may affect device reliability.

Application information

Where application information is given, it is advisory and does not form part of the specification.

Life support applications

These products are not designed for use in life support appliances, devices, or systems where malfunction of
these products can reasonably be expected to result in personal injury. Philips customers using or selling
these products for use in such applications do so on their own risk and agree to fully indemnify Philips for

any damages resulting from such improper use or sale.

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