Netgear GS108 Users Manual

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ProSafe Gigabit 8 Port VPN Firewall FVS318G Reference Manual

NETGEAR, Inc.

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202-10521-02 v1.1 August 2010

Technical Support

Please refer to the support information card that shipped with your product. By registering your product at

http://www.netgear.com/register, we can provide you with faster expert technical support and timely notices of product

and software upgrades. NETGEAR, INC. Support Information Phone: 1-888-NETGEAR, for US & Canada only. For other countries, see your Support information card. Email: support@netgear.com North American NETGEAR website: http://www.netgear.com

Trademarks

NETGEAR and the NETGEAR logo are registered trademarks and ProSafe is a trademark of NETGEAR, Inc. Microsoft, Windows, and Windows NT are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation. Other brand and product names are registered trademarks or trademarks of their respective holders.

Statement of Conditions

In the interest of improving internal design, operational function, and/or reliability, NETGEAR reserves the right to make changes to the products described in this document without notice.

NETGEAR does not assume any liability that may occur due to the use or application of the product(s) or circuit layout(s) described herein.

Federal Communications Commission (FCC) Compliance Notice: Radio Frequency Notice

This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device, pursuant to part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation. This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation. If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television reception, which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures:

• Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna.

• Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver.

• Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connected.

• Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help.

EU Regulatory Compliance Statement

The ProSafe Gigabit 8 Port VPN Firewall FVS318G is compliant with the following EU Council Directives: 89/336/ EEC and LVD 73/23/EEC. Compliance is verified by testing to the following standards: EN55022 Class B, EN55024 and EN60950-1.

Visit the NETGEAR EU Declarations of Conformity website at:

http://kb.netgear.com/app/answers/detail/a_id/11621/sno/0

v1.1, August 2010

Bestätigung des Herstellers/Importeurs

Es wird hiermit bestätigt, daß das ProSafe Gigabit 8 Port VPN Firewall FVS318G gemäß der im BMPT-AmtsblVfg 243/ 1991 und Vfg 46/1992 aufgeführten Bestimmungen entstört ist. Das vorschriftsmäßige Betreiben einiger Geräte (z.B. Testsender) kann jedoch gewissen Beschränkungen unterliegen. Lesen Sie dazu bitte die Anmerkungen in der Betriebsanleitung.

Das Bundesamt für Zulassungen in der Telekommunikation wurde davon unterrichtet, daß dieses Gerät auf den Markt gebracht wurde und es ist berechtigt, die Serie auf die Erfüllung der Vorschriften hin zu überprüfen.

Certificate of the Manufacturer/Importer

It is hereby certified that the ProSafe Gigabit 8 Port VPN Firewall FVS318G has been suppressed in accordance with the conditions set out in the BMPT-AmtsblVfg 243/1991 and Vfg 46/1992. The operation of some equipment (for example, test transmitters) in accordance with the regulations may, however, be subject to certain restrictions. Please refer to the notes in the operating instructions.

Federal Office for Telecommunications Approvals has been notified of the placing of this equipment on the market and has been granted the right to test the series for compliance with the regulations.

Voluntary Control Council for Interference (VCCI) Statement

This equipment is in the second category (information equipment to be used in a residential area or an adjacent area thereto) and conforms to the standards set by the Voluntary Control Council for Interference by Data Processing Equipment and Electronic Office Machines aimed at preventing radio interference in such residential areas.

When used near a radio or TV receiver, it may become the cause of radio interference. Read instructions for correct handling.

Additional Copyrights

1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this list of conditions, and the following disclaimer.

2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list of conditions, and the following disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.

3. The copyright holder’s name must not be used to endorse or promote any products derived from this software without his specific prior written permission.

This software is provided “as is” with no express or implied warranties of correctness or fitness for purpose.

v1.1, August 2010

iii

Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:

1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this list of conditions, and the following disclaimer.

3. All advertising materials mentioning features or use of this software must display the following acknowledgment: “This product includes software developed by the OpenSSL Project for use in the OpenSSL Toolkit (

4. The names “OpenSSL Toolkit” and “OpenSSL Project” must not be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without prior written permission. For written permission, contact openssl-core@openssl.org.

5. Products derived from this software may not be called “OpenSSL” nor may “OpenSSL” appear in their names without prior written permission of the OpenSSL Project.

6. Redistributions of any form whatsoever must retain the following acknowledgment: “This product includes software developed by the OpenSSL Project for use in the OpenSSL Toolkit (

THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE OpenSSL PROJECT “AS IS,” AND ANY EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE OpenSSL PROJECT OR ITS CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. This product includes cryptographic software written by Eric Young (eay@cryptsoft.com). This product includes software written by Tim Hudson (tjh@cryptsoft.com).

License to copy and use this software is granted provided that it is identified as the “RSA Data Security, Inc. MD5 Message-Digest Algorithm” in all material mentioning or referencing this software or this function. License is also granted to make and use derivative works provided that such works are identified as “derived from the RSA Data Security, Inc. MD5 MessageDigest Algorithm” in all material mentioning or referencing the derived work. RSA Data Security, Inc. makes no representations concerning either the merchantability of this software or the suitability of this software for any particular purpose. It is provided “as is” without express or implied warranty of any kind. These notices must be retained in any copies of any part of this documentation and/or software.

http://www.openssl.org/).”

v1.1, August 2010

Redistribution and use in source and binary forms are permitted provided that the above copyright notice and this paragraph are duplicated in all such forms and that any documentation, advertising materials, and other materials related to such distribution and use acknowledge that the software was developed by Carnegie Mellon University. The name of the University may not be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without specific prior written permission. THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED “AS IS” AND WITHOUT ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTIBILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.

Zlib zlib.h. Interface of the zlib general purpose compression library version 1.1.4, March 11th,

This software is provided “as is,” without any express or implied warranty. In no event will the authors be held liable for any damages arising from the use of this software. Permission is granted to anyone to use this software for any purpose, including commercial applications, and to alter it and redistribute it freely, subject to the following restrictions:

1. The origin of this software must not be misrepresented; you must not claim that you wrote the original software. If you use this software in a product, an acknowledgment in the product documentation would be appreciated but is not required.

2. Altered source versions must be plainly marked as such, and must not be misrepresented as being the original software.

3. This notice may not be removed or altered from any source distribution.

Jean-loup Gailly: jloup@gzip.org; Mark Adler: madler@alumni.caltech.edu. The data format used by the zlib library is described by RFCs (Request for Comments) 1950 to 1952 in the files format), and rfc1952.txt (gzip format).

ftp://ds.internic.net/rfc/rfc1950.txt (zlib format), rfc1951.txt (deflate

Product and Publication Details

Model Number: FVS318G Publication Date: August 2010 Product Family: VPN Firewall Product Name: ProSafe Gigabit 8 Port VPN Firewall FVS318G Home or Business Product: Business Language: English Publication Part Number: 202-10521-02 Publication Version Number 1.1

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ProSafe Gigabit 8 Port VPN Firewall FVS318G Reference Manual

About This Manual

Conventions, Formats and Scope ...................................................................................xiii

How to Print This Manual ............................................................................................... xiv

Chapter 1 Introduction

Key Features ..................................................................................................................1-1

Advanced VPN Support for IPsec ............................................................................1-2

A Powerful, True Firewall with Content Filtering ......................................................1-2

Security Features .....................................................................................................1-3

Autosensing Ethernet Connections with Auto Uplink ...............................................1-3

Extensive Protocol Support ......................................................................................1-4

Easy Installation and Management ..........................................................................1-4

Maintenance and Support ........................................................................................1-5

Package Contents ..........................................................................................................1-5

VPN Firewall Front and Rear Panels ..............................................................................1-6

Default IP Address, Login Name, and Password ...........................................................1-8

Qualified Web Browsers .................................................................................................1-8

Chapter 2 Connecting the VPN Firewall to the Internet

Understanding the Connection Steps .............................................................................2-1

Logging into the VPN Firewall ........................................................................................2-2

Navigating the Menus .....................................................................................................2-3

Configuring the Internet Connection to Your ISP ...........................................................2-4

Manually Configuring Your Internet Connection ......................................................2-6

Configuring the WAN Mode ............................................................................................2-9

Configuring Dynamic DNS ............................................................................................2-11

Configuring the Advanced Broadband Options ............................................................2-13

Additional WAN Related Configuration ..................................................................2-14

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Chapter 3 LAN Configuration

Choosing the VPN Firewall DHCP Options ....................................................................3-1

Configuring the LAN Setup Options ...............................................................................3-2

Managing Groups and Hosts (LAN Groups) ...................................................................3-5

Creating the Network Database ...............................................................................3-6

Viewing the Network Database ................................................................................3-7

Adding Devices to the Network Database ................................................................3-8

Changing Group Names in the LAN Groups Database ...........................................3-9

Setting Up DHCP Address Reservation ...................................................................3-9

Configuring Multi Home LAN IP Addresses ..................................................................3-10

Configuring and Enabling the DMZ Port .......................................................................3-11

Configuring Static Routes .............................................................................................3-14

Static Route Example .............................................................................................3-16

Configuring Routing Information Protocol (RIP) ...........................................................3-17

Chapter 4 Firewall Protection and Content Filtering

About Firewall Protection and Content Filtering .............................................................4-1

Using Rules to Block or Allow Specific Kinds of Traffic ..................................................4-2

Services-Based Rules ..............................................................................................4-3

Viewing Rules and Order of Precedence for Rules ..................................................4-8

Configuring LAN WAN Rules ...................................................................................4-9

Configuring DMZ WAN Rules ................................................................................4-12

Configuring LAN DMZ Rules ..................................................................................4-13

Inbound Rules Examples .......................................................................................4-15

Outbound Rules Example ......................................................................................4-19

Configuring Other Firewall Features .............................................................................4-19

Attack Checks ........................................................................................................4-20

Setting Session Limits ............................................................................................4-22

Managing the Application Level Gateway for SIP Sessions ..................................4-23

Creating Services, QoS Profiles, and Bandwidth Profiles ............................................4-24

Adding Customized Services .................................................................................4-24

Specifying Quality of Service (QoS) Priorities ........................................................4-26

Creating Bandwidth Profiles ...................................................................................4-27

Setting a Schedule to Block or Allow Specific Traffic ...................................................4-29

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Blocking Internet Sites (Content Filtering) ....................................................................4-30

Configuring Source MAC Filtering ................................................................................4-33

Configuring IP/MAC Address Binding ...........................................................................4-35

Configuring Port Triggering ..........................................................................................4-37

Configuring UPnP (Universal Plug and Play) ...............................................................4-40

Email Notifications of Event Logs and Alerts ................................................................4-41

Administrator Tips .........................................................................................................4-42

Chapter 5 Virtual Private Networking

Using the VPN Wizard for Client and Gateway Configurations ......................................5-1

Creating Gateway to Gateway VPN Tunnels with the Wizard .................................5-2

Creating a Client to Gateway VPN Tunnel ...............................................................5-5

Testing the Connections and Viewing Status Information ............................................5-11

NETGEAR VPN Client Status and Log Information ...............................................5-11

VPN Firewall VPN Connection Status and Logs ....................................................5-14

Managing VPN Policies ................................................................................................5-15

Configuring IKE Policies .........................................................................................5-15

Configuring VPN Policies .......................................................................................5-23

Managing Certificates ...................................................................................................5-30

Understanding the Certificates Screen ..................................................................5-32

Viewing and Loading CA Certificates .....................................................................5-32

Understanding and Viewing Active Self Certificates ..............................................5-33

Obtaining a Self Certificate from a Certificate Authority .........................................5-35

Managing your Certificate Revocation List (CRL) ..................................................5-38

Configuring Extended Authentication (XAUTH) ............................................................5-39

Configuring XAUTH for VPN Clients ......................................................................5-39

Configuring the User Database for XAUTH ...........................................................5-41

Configuring RADIUS Clients for XAUTH ................................................................5-42

Assigning IP Addresses to Remote Users (ModeConfig) .............................................5-44

Mode Config Operation ..........................................................................................5-44

Configuring Mode Config Operation on the VPN Firewall ......................................5-45

Configuring the ProSafe VPN Client for ModeConfig .............................................5-50

Configuring Keepalives and Dead Peer Detection .......................................................5-53

Configuring Keepalives ..........................................................................................5-53

Configuring Dead Peer Detection ..........................................................................5-54

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Configuring NetBIOS Bridging with VPN ......................................................................5-55

Chapter 6 VPN Firewall and Network Management

Performance Management .............................................................................................6-1

Bandwidth Capacity .................................................................................................6-1

VPN Firewall Features That Reduce Traffic .............................................................6-2

VPN Firewall Features That Increase Traffic ...........................................................6-4

Using QoS to Shift the Traffic Mix ............................................................................6-7

Tools for Traffic Management ..................................................................................6-8

Configuring Users, Administrative Settings, and Remote Management .........................6-8

Changing Passwords and Settings ..........................................................................6-8

Adding External Users ...........................................................................................6-10

Configuring an External Server for Authentication .................................................6-11

Enabling Remote Management Access .................................................................6-14

Using an SNMP Manager ......................................................................................6-16

Managing the Configuration File ............................................................................6-18

Configuring Date and Time Service .......................................................................6-21

Monitoring System Performance ..................................................................................6-23

Activating Notification of Events and Alerts ............................................................6-23

Viewing the Logs ....................................................................................................6-26

Enabling the Traffic Meter ......................................................................................6-27

Viewing the VPN Firewall Configuration and System Status .................................6-30

Monitoring VPN Firewall Statistics .........................................................................6-31

Monitoring Broadband Port Status .........................................................................6-32

Monitoring Attached Devices .................................................................................6-33

Monitoring VPN Tunnel Connection Status ............................................................6-34

Viewing the VPN Logs ...........................................................................................6-35

Viewing the DHCP Log ..........................................................................................6-36

Viewing Port Triggering Status ...............................................................................6-36

Chapter 7 Troubleshooting

Basic Functions ..............................................................................................................7-1

Power LED Not On ...................................................................................................7-2

LEDs Never Turn Off ................................................................................................7-2

LAN or Internet Port LEDs Not On ...........................................................................7-2

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Troubleshooting the Web Configuration Interface ..........................................................7-3

Troubleshooting the ISP Connection ..............................................................................7-4

Troubleshooting a TCP/IP Network Using a Ping Utility .................................................7-5

Testing the LAN Path to Your VPN Firewall .............................................................7-5

Testing the Path from Your PC to a Remote Device ................................................7-6

Restoring the Default Configuration and Password ........................................................7-7

Problems with Date and Time ........................................................................................7-7

Using the Diagnostics Utilities ........................................................................................7-8

Appendix A Default Settings and Technical Specifications

Appendix B Two Factor Authentication

Why do I need Two-Factor Authentication? .................................................................. B-1

What are the benefits of Two-Factor Authentication? ............................................. B-1

What is Two-Factor Authentication ......................................................................... B-2

NETGEAR Two-Factor Authentication Solutions .......................................................... B-2

Appendix C Related Documents

Index

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About This Manual

The NETGEAR® ProSafe Gigabit 8 Port VPN Firewall FVS318G Reference Manual describes how to install, configure and troubleshoot the ProSafe Gigabit 8 Port VPN Firewall FVS318G. The information in this manual is intended for readers with intermediate computer and Internet skills.

Conventions, Formats and Scope

The conventions, formats, and scope of this manual are described in the following paragraphs.

• Typographical Conventions. This manual uses the following typographical conventions:

Italics Emphasis, books, CDs, file and server names, extensions

Bold User input, IP addresses, GUI screen text

Fixed Command prompt, CLI text, code

italics URL links

• Formats. This manual uses the following formats to highlight special messages:

Note: This format is used to highlight information of importance or special interest.

Tip: This format is used to highlight a procedure that will save time or resources.

Warning: Ignoring this type of note may result in a malfunction or damage to the

equipment.

Danger: This is a safety warning. Failure to take heed of this notice may result in

personal injury or death.

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ProSafe Gigabit 8 Port VPN Firewall FVS318G Reference Manual

• Scope. This manual is written for the VPN firewall according to these specifications.

Product Version ProSafe Gigabit 8 Port VPN Firewall FVS318G Manual Publication Date August 2010

For more information about network, Internet, firewall, and VPN technologies, see the links to the NETGEAR website in Appendix C, “Related Documents.”

Note: Product updates are available on the NETGEAR, Inc. website at

http://kb.netgear.com/app/home.

How to Print This Manual

To print this manual, your computer must have the free Adobe Acrobat reader installed in order to view and print PDF files. The Acrobat reader is available on the Adobe website at

http://www.adobe.com.

Tip: If your printer supports printing two pages on a single sheet of paper, you can save

paper and printer ink by selecting this feature.

Revision History

Part Number

202-10521-01 1.0 July 2009 Product update: New firmware and new user Interface 202-10521-01 1.1 November

xiv About This Manual

Version Number

Date Description

Update to LAN and firewall configuration

2009

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202-10521-02 1.0 April 2010 Added the following new features for the April 2010 firmware

maintenance release:

• Connection reset and delay options on the Broadband ISP Settings screen (see “Manually Configuring Your Internet

Connection”).

• Support for an address range for inbound LAN rules on the Add LAN WAN Inbound Service screen (see “Inbound Rules (Port

Forwarding)” and “Inbound Rules Examples”).

• Support for new log options such as Resolved DNS Names and VPN on the Firewall Logs & E-mail screen (see “Activating

Notification of Events and Alerts”).

In addition, made the following substantial changes to the book:

• Provided new screen captures for better viewing.

• Made minor corrections throughout the manual.

• Removed the “Managing Users, Authentication, and Certificates” chapter and included the material in other chapters.

• Made the following change to Chapter 2, “Connecting the VPN

Firewall to the Internet”:

* Updated the Broadband ISP Settings screen (Figure 2-2) and the ISP Type options in the

Connection” section.

• Made the following changes and addition to Chapter 3, “LAN

Configuration”:

* Updated the LAN Setup screen (Figure 3-1), added LDAP information and the Enable ARP Broadcast paragraph to the

“Configuring the LAN Setup Options” section, and revised this

section for more clarity. * Updated the LAN Multi-homing screen (Figure 3-4) and revised the “Configuring Multi Home LAN IP Addresses” section for more clarity. * Added the “Configuring and Enabling the DMZ Port” section.

• Reorganized Chapter 4, “Firewall Protection and Content

Filtering” and added the following sections to this chapter:

* “Configuring DMZ WAN Rules” * “Configuring LAN DMZ Rules” * “Managing the Application Level Gateway for SIP Sessions” * “Configuring UPnP (Universal Plug and Play)”

• Made the following changes to Chapter 5, “Virtual Private

Networking”:

* Revised the “Managing VPN Policies” section * Revised the “Managing Certificates” section

• Added the following section to Chapter 6, “VPN Firewall and

Network Management”:

* “Monitoring System Performance”

202-10521-02 1.1 Aug 2010 Added Multicast pass through to Attack Check screen.

”“Manually Configuring Your Internet

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xvi About This Manual

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Chapter 1

Introduction

The ProSafe Gigabit 8 Port VPN Firewall FVS318G with eight 10/100/1000 Mbps Gigabit Ethernet LAN ports and one 10/100/1000 Mbps Gigabit Ethernet WAN port connects your local area network (LAN) to the Internet through an external access device such as a cable modem or DSL modem.

The FVS318G is a complete security solution that protects your network from attacks and intrusions. For example, the FVX538 provides support for Stateful Packet Inspection, Denial of Service (DoS) attack protection and multi-NAT support. The VPN firewall supports multiple Web content filtering options, plus browsing activity reporting and instant alerts—both via email. Network administrators can establish restricted access policies based on time-of-day, website addresses and address keywords.

The FVS318G is a plug-and-play device that can be installed and configured within minutes. This chapter contains the following sections:

• “Key Features” on this page

• “Package Contents” on page 1-5

• “VPN Firewall Front and Rear Panels” on page 1-6

• “Default IP Address, Login Name, and Password” on page 1-8

• “Qualified Web Browsers” on page 1-8

Key Features

The FVS318G provides the following features:

• One 10/100/1000 Mbps Ethernet WAN port for connection to a WAN device, such as a cable modem or DSL modem.

• Built-in eight-port 10/100/1000 Mbps Gigabit Ethernet LAN switch for extremely fast data transfer between local network resources.

• Support for up to 253 internal LAN users.

• Advanced VPN support for IPsec.

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• SNMP Manageable, optimized for the NETGEAR ProSafe Network Management Software (NMS100).

• Easy, Web-based setup for installation and management.

• Advanced SPI Firewall and Multi-NAT support.

• Extensive Protocol Support.

• Login capability.

• One console port for local management.

• Front panel LEDs for easy monitoring of status and activity.

• Flash memory for firmware upgrade.

Advanced VPN Support for IPsec

The VPN firewall supports IPsec virtual private network (VPN) connections. IPsec VPN delivers full network access between a central office and branch offices, or between a

central office and telecommuters. Remote access by telecommuters requires the installation of VPN client software on the remote computer.

• IPsec VPN with broad protocol support for secure connection to other IPsec gateways and clients.

• Bundled with a single-user license of the NETGEAR ProSafe VPN Client software (VPN01L)

• Supports 5 concurrent IPsec VPN tunnels.

A Powerful, True Firewall with Content Filtering

Unlike simple Internet sharing NAT routers, the FVS318G is a true firewall, using stateful packet inspection to defend against hacker attacks. Its firewall features include:

• DoS protection. Automatically detects and thwarts DoS attacks such as Ping of Death, SYN Flood, LAND Attack, and IP Spoofing.

• Secure Firewall. Blocks unwanted traffic from the Internet to your LAN.

• Block Sites. Blocks access from your LAN to Internet locations or services that you specify as off-limits.

• Logs security incidents. The FVS318G will log security events such as blocked incoming traffic, port scans, attacks, and administrator logins. You can configure the VPN firewall to email the log to you at specified intervals. You can also configure the VPN firewall to send immediate alert messages to your email address or email pager whenever a significant event occurs.

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• Keyword Filtering. With its URL keyword filtering feature, the FVS318G prevents objectionable content from reaching your PCs. The VPN firewall allows you to control access to Internet content by screening for keywords within Web addresses. You can configure the VPN firewall to log and report attempts to access objectionable Internet sites.

Security Features

The FVS318G is equipped with several features designed to maintain security, as described in this section.

• PCs Hidden by NAT. NAT opens a temporary path to the Internet for requests originating from the local network. Requests originating from outside the LAN are discarded, preventing users outside the LAN from finding and directly accessing the PCs on the LAN.

• Port Forwarding with NAT. Although NAT prevents Internet locations from directly accessing the PCs on the LAN, the VPN firewall allows you to direct incoming traffic to specific PCs based on the service port number of the incoming request. You can specify forwarding of single ports or ranges of ports.

• DMZ port. Incoming traffic from the Internet is normally discarded by the VPN firewall unless the traffic is a response to one of your local computers or a service for which you have configured an inbound rule. Instead of discarding this traffic, you can have it forwarded to one computer on your network.

Autosensing Ethernet Connections with Auto Uplink

With its internal 8-port 10/100/1000 Mbps switch and 10/100/1000 WAN port, the FVS318G can connect to either a 10 Mbps standard Ethernet network, a 100 Mbps Fast Ethernet network, or a 1000 Mbps Gigabit Ethernet network. The LAN and WAN interfaces are autosensing and capable of full-duplex or half-duplex operation.

The VPN firewall incorporates Auto Uplink sense whether the Ethernet cable plugged into the port should have a ‘normal’ connection such as to a PC or an “uplink” connection such as to a switch or hub. That port will then configure itself to the correct configuration. This feature also eliminates the need to worry about crossover cables, as Auto Uplink will accommodate either type of cable to make the right connection.

Introduction 1-3

technology. Each Ethernet port will automatically

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Extensive Protocol Support

The FVS318G supports the Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) and Routing Information Protoco

Networking Basics” document that you can access from the link in “Related Documents” in Appendix C.

• IP Address Sharing by NAT. The VPN firewall allows several networked PCs to share an Internet account using only a single IP address, which may be statically or dynamically assigned by your Internet service provider (ISP). This technique, known as NAT, allows the use of an inexpensive single-user ISP account.

• Automatic Configuration of Attached PCs by DHCP. The VPN firewall dynamically assigns network configuration information, including IP, gateway, and domain name server (DNS) addresses, to attached PCs on the LAN using the Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP). This feature greatly simplifies configuration of PCs on your local network.

• DNS Proxy. When DHCP is enabled and no DNS addresses are specified, the VPN firewall provides its own address as a DNS server to the attached PCs. The VPN firewall obtains actual DNS addresses from the ISP during connection setup and forwards DNS requests from the LAN.

• PPP over Ethernet (PPPoE). PPPoE is a protocol for connecting remote hosts to the Internet over a DSL connection by simulating a dial-up connection. This feature eliminates the need to run a login program such as EnterNet or WinPOET on your PC.

l (RIP). For further information about TCP/IP, see the “TCP/IP

• Quality of Service (QoS). QoS support for traffic prioritization.

Easy Installation and Management

You can install, configure, and operate the FVS318G within minutes after connecting it to the network. The following features simplify installation and management tasks:

• Browser-Based Management. Browser-based configuration allows you to easily configure your VPN firewall from almost any type of personal computer, such as Windows, Macintosh, or Linux. A user-friendly Setup Wizard is provided and online help documentation is built into the browser-based Web Management Interface.

• Auto Detect. The VPN firewall automatically senses the type of Internet connection, asking you only for the information required for your type of ISP account.

• VPN Wizard. The VPN firewall includes the NETGEAR VPN Wizard to easily configure VPN tunnels according to the recommendations of the Virtual Private Network Consortium (VPNC) to ensure the VPN tunnels are interoperable with other VPNC-compliant VPN routers and clients.

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• SNMP. The VPN firewall supports the Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) to let you monitor and manage log resources from an SNMP-compliant system manager. The SNMP system configuration lets you change the system variables for MIB2.

• Diagnostic Functions. The VPN firewall incorporates built-in diagnostic functions such as Ping, Trace Route, DNS lookup, and remote reboot.

• Remote Management. The VPN firewall allows you to login to the Web Management Interface from a remote location on the Internet. For security, you can limit remote management access to a specified remote IP address or range of addresses.

• Visual monitoring. The VPN firewall’s front panel LEDs provide an easy way to monitor its status and activity.

Maintenance and Support

NETGEAR offers the following features to help you maximize your use of the FVS318G:

• Flash memory for firmware upgrade

• Technical support seven days a week, 24 hours a day, according to the terms identified in the Warranty and Support information card provided with your product.

Package Contents

• The product package should contain the following items:

• FVS318G ProSafe Gigabit 8 Port VPN Firewall FVS318G

• AC power cable

• Rubber feet

• Category 5 (Cat5) Ethernet cable

• ProSafe Gigabit 8 Port VPN Firewall FVS318G Installation Guide

• Resource CD, including:

• Application Notes and other helpful information.

• ProSafe VPN Client software (one user license)

• Warranty and Support Information Card

If any of the parts are incorrect, missing, or damaged, contact your NETGEAR dealer. Keep the carton, including the original packing materials, in case you need to return the VPN firewall for repair.

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VPN Firewall Front and Rear Panels

The FVS318G front panel includes eight LAN ports, one WAN port, and four groups of status indicator light-emitting diodes (LEDs), including Power and Test, LAN, and WAN LEDs.

Figure 1-1

Table 1-1 describes each item on the front panel and its operation.

Table 1-1. LED Descriptions

Object Activity Description

1. Power

2. Test

Eight LAN Ports

3. Link and Activity (left side of port)

4. Speed (right side of port)

5. DMZ

On (Green) Off

On (Amber) Off

On (Green) Blinking (Green) Off

On (Green) On (Amber) Off

On (Green) Off

Power is supplied to the VPN firewall. Power is not supplied to the VPN firewall.

Test mode: The system is initializing or the initialization has failed. The system has booted successfully.

The port has detected a link with a connected Ethernet device. Data is being transmitted or received by the port. The port has no link.

The LAN port is operating at 1,000 Mbps. The LAN port is operating at 100 Mbps. The LAN port is operating at 10 Mbps.

LAN port 8 is enabled as a DMZ port. LAN port 8 is not enabled as a DMZ port.

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Table 1-1. LED Descriptions (continued)

Object Activity Description One WAN Port

6. Active (left side of port)

7. Speed (right side of port)

On (Green) Off)

On (Green) On (Amber) Off

The WAN port is connected. The Internet connection is down The WAN port is either not enabled or has no link.

The port is operating at 1,000 Mbps. The port is operating at 100 Mbps. The port is operating at 10 Mbps.

The rear panel of the FVS318G includes a cable lock receptacle, a Factory Defaults button, and a DC power connection.

Figure 1-2

Viewed from left to right, the rear panel contains the following elements:

1. Cable security lock receptacle.

2. Factory Defaults button: Using a sharp object, press and hold this button for about ten seconds until the front panel TEST light flashes to reset the VPN firewall to factory default settings. All configuration settings will be lost and the default password will be restored.

3. DC power receptacle: 12V @ 1.5A.

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Default IP Address, Login Name, and Password

Check the label on the bottom of the FVS318G’s enclosure if you forget the following factory default information:

• IP Address: http://192.168.1.1

• User name: admin

• Password: password

LAN IP Address

User Name

Password

Figure 1-3

When FVS318G is connected, log in by going to go to http://192.168.1.1. When the login screen displays (see Figure 2-1 on page 2-2), enter admin for the user name and the password for password.

Qualified Web Browsers

To configure the FVS318G, you must use a Web browser such as Internet Explorer 5.1 or higher, Apple Safari 1.2 or higher, or Mozilla Firefox l.x Web browser with JavaScript, and cookies enabled.

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Chapter 2

Connecting the VPN Firewall to the Internet

This section provides instructions for connecting the ProSafe Gigabit 8 Port VPN Firewall FVS318G, including these topics:

• “Understanding the Connection Steps” on this page

• “Logging into the VPN Firewall” on page 2-2

• “Navigating the Menus” on page 2-3

• “Configuring the Internet Connection to Your ISP” on page 2-4

• “Configuring the WAN Mode” on page 2-9

• “Configuring Dynamic DNS” on page 2-11

• “Configuring the Advanced Broadband Options” on page 2-13

Setting up VPN tunnels is covered in Chapter 5, “Virtual Private Networking.”

Understanding the Connection Steps

Typically, six steps are required to complete the basic Internet connection of your VPN firewall.

1. Connect the VPN firewall physically to your network. Connect the cables and restart your network according to the instructions in the installation guide. See the ProSafe Gigabit 8 Port

VPN Firewall FVS318G Installation Guide for complete steps. A PDF of the Installation Guide is on the NETGEAR website at: http://kbserver.netgear.com.

2. Log in to the VPN Firewall. After logging in, you are ready to set up and configure your VPN firewall. You can also change your password and enable remote management at this time. See “Logging into the VPN Firewall” on page 2-2.

3. Configure the Internet connection to your ISP. During this phase, you will connect to your ISP. See “Configuring the Internet Connection to Your ISP” on page 2-4.

4. Configure the WAN mode. Select either NAT or classical routing. See “Configuring the

WAN Mode” on page 2-9.

5. Configure dynamic DNS on the WAN port (optional). As an option, configure your fully qualified domain names during this phase. See “Configuring Dynamic DNS” on page 2-11.

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6. Configure the WAN options (optional). As an option, change the VPN firewall’s Media Access Control (MAC) address, the factory default MTU size, and the port speed. However, these are advanced features and changing them is not usually required. See “Configuring the

Advanced Broadband Options” on page 2-13.

Each of these tasks is detailed separately in this chapter. The configuration of firewall and VPN features is described in later chapters.

Note: In this manual, “WAN port” and “broadband port” both indicate the same port

through which the VPN firewall connects to the Internet.

Logging into the VPN Firewall

To connect to the VPN firewall, your computer needs to be configured to obtain an IP address automatically via DHCP. If you need instructions on how to configure you computer for DHCP, refer to the “Preparing Your Network” document that you can access from the link in Appendix C,

“Related Documents.”

To log in to the VPN firewall:

1. Connect to the VPN firewall by typing http://192.168.1.1 in the address field of your browser.

Figure 2-1

2. When prompted, enter admin for the VPN firewall user name and password for the VPN firewall password, both in lower case letters. (The VPN firewall user name and password are not the same as any user name or password you may use to log in to your Internet connection.)

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3. Click Login. The Router Status screen displays. For more information about this screen, see

“Viewing the VPN Firewall Configuration and System Status” on page 6-30.

Note: You might want to enable remote management at this time so that you can log

in remotely in the future to manage the VPN firewall (see “Configuring an

External Server for Authentication” on page 6-11). If you enable remote

management, NETGEAR strongly advises you to change your password (see

“Changing Passwords and Settings” on page 6-8).

Navigating the Menus

The Web Configuration Manager menus are organized in a layered structure of main categories and submenus:

• Main menu. The horizontal orange bar near the top of the page is the main menu, containing the primary configuration categories. Clicking on a primary category changes the contents of the submenu bar.

• Submenu. The horizontal grey bar immediately below the main menu is the submenu, containing subcategories of the currently selected primary category.

• Tab. Immediately below the submenu bar, at the top of the menu active window, are one or more tabs, further subdividing the currently selected subcategory if necessary.

• Option arrow. To the right of the tabs on some menus are one or more blue dots with an arrow in the center. Clicking an option arrow brings up either a popup window or an advanced option menu.

Tip: In the instructions in this manual, we may refer to a menu using the notation

primary | subcategory, such as Network Configuration | WAN Settings. In this example, Network is the selected primary category (in the main menu) and WAN Settings is the selected subcategory (in the submenu).

You can now proceed to the first configuration task, configuring the VPN firewall’s Internet connection.

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Configuring the Internet Connection to Your ISP

To automatically configure the broadband port and connect to the Internet:

1. Select Network Configuration from the main menu and Broadband ISP Settings from the submenu. The Broadband ISP Settings screen displays.

Figure 2-2

2. Click Auto Detect at the bottom of the screen to automatically detect the type of Internet connection provided by your ISP. Auto Detect will probe for different connection methods and suggest one that your ISP will most likely support.

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When Auto Detect successfully detects an active Internet service, it reports which connection type it discovered. The options are described in Table 2-1.

Note: When you click Auto Detect while the WAN port already has a connection,

you might lose the connection because the VPN firewall will enter its detection mode.

Table 2-1. Internet connection methods

Connection Method

PPPoE Login (Username, Password); Account Name, Domain Name PPTP Login (Username, Password), Account Name, Local IP address, and PPTP

DHCP (Dynamic IP) No data is required. Fixed (Static) IP Static IP address, Subnet, and Gateway IP; and related data supplied by your

Data Required

Server IP address;

ISP.

If Auto Detect does not find a connection, you will be prompted to check the physical connection between your VPN firewall and the cable or DSL line or to check your VPN firewall’s MAC address (see “Manually Configuring Your Internet Connection” on page 2-6).

3. Click the Broadband Status option arrow at the top right of the screen to verify the WAN port connection status. Click Connect if there is no connection.

Figure 2-3

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The Connection Status window should show a valid IP address and gateway. If the configuration was not successful, skip ahead to “Manually Configuring Your Internet

Connection following this section, or see “Troubleshooting the ISP Connection” on page 7-4.

Note: If the configuration process was successful, you are connected to the Internet

through the WAN port.

If your WAN ISP configuration was successful, you can skip ahead to “Manually Configuring

Your Internet Connection” on page 2-6.

Manually Configuring Your Internet Connection

If you know your ISP connection type, you can bypass the Auto Detect feature and connect your VPN firewall manually. Ensure that you have all of the relevant connection information such as IP addresses, account information, type of ISP connection, and so on, before you begin. Unless your ISP automatically assigns your configuration automatically via DHCP, you will need these configuration settings from your ISP.

To manually configure your broadband ISP settings:

1. Select Network Configuration from the main menu and Broadband ISP Settings from the submenu. The Broadband ISP Settings screen displays (see Figure 2-2 on page 2-4 for the entire screen).

2. In the ISP Login section, choose one of these options:

• If your ISP requires an initial login to establish an Internet connection, click Yes (this is

the default).

• If a login is not required, click No and ignore the Login and Password fields.

Figure 2-4

3. If you clicked Yes, enter the ISP-provided Login and Password information.

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4. In the ISP Type section, select the type of ISP connection you use from the two listed options. (By default, “Other (PPPoE)” is selected.)

Figure 2-5

• Other (PPPoE). If you have installed login software such as WinPoET or Ethernet, then

your connection type is PPPoE. Configure the following fields: – Account Name. Valid account name for the PPPoE connection. – Domain Name. Name of your ISP’s domain or your domain name if your ISP has

assigned one. In most cases, you may leave this field blank.

– Idle Timeout. Select Keep Connected, to keep the connection always on. To logout

after the connection is idle for a period of time, click Idle Time and in the timeout field enter the number of minutes to wait before disconnecting.

– Connection Reset. Select this checkbox to to specify a time when the PPPoE WAN

connection is reset, that is, the connection is disconnected momentarily and then reestablished. Enter the hour and minutes in the Disconnect Time fields to specify when the connection should be disconnected. Enter the seconds in the Delay field to specify the period after which the connection should be re-established.

• PPTP. Select this option if your ISP is Austria Telecom or any other ISP that uses PPTP as

a login protocol. Configure the following fields: – Account Name. (Also known as Host Name or System Name.) Enter the valid

account name for the PPTP connection (usually your email name as assigned by your ISP). Some ISPs require entering your full email address here.

– Domain Name. Your domain name or workgroup name assigned by your ISP, or your

ISPs domain name. You may leave this field blank.

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– Idle Timeout. Check the Keep Connected radio box to keep the connection always

on. To logout after the connection is idle for a period of time, click Idle Time and enter the number of minutes to wait before disconnecting in the timeout field. This is useful if your ISP charges you based on the amount of time you have logged in.

– My IP Address. IP address assigned by the ISP to make the connection with the ISP

server.

– Server IP Address. IP address of the PPTP server.

5. Review the Internet (IP) Address options.

Figure 2-6

• Get Dynamically from ISP. If your ISP has not assigned a static IP address, select this

radio button. The ISP will automatically assign an IP address to the VPN firewall using DHCP network protocol. The IP address and subnet mask fields will be inactivated. As an option, you can select the following checkboxes:

– Client Identifier. Select this checkbox if your ISP requires the Client Identifier

information to assign an IP address using DHCP.

– Vendor Class Identifier. Select this checkbox if your ISP requires the Vendor Class

Identifier information to assign an IP address using DHCP.

• Use Static IP Address. If your ISP has assigned a fixed (static) IP address, select this

radio button, and configure the following fields: – IP Address. Enter the Static IP address assigned to you, that identifies the VPN

firewall to your ISP.

– Subnet Mask. Enter the mask provided by the ISP or your network administrator. – Gateway IP Address. Enter the IP address of the ISP’s gateway, provided by the ISP

or your network administrator.

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6. Review the Domain Name Server (DNS) server options.

Figure 2-7

• If your ISP has not assigned any Domain Name Servers (DNS) addresses, click Get

Dynamically from ISP.

• If your ISP (or your IT department) has assigned DNS addresses, click Use These DNS

Servers and enter the DNS server IP addresses provided to you in the fields.

7. Click Apply to save any changes to the broadband settings. (Or click Reset to discard any

changes and revert to the previous settings.)

8. Click Test to evaluate your entries. The VPN firewall will attempt to connect to the NETGEAR website. If a successful connection is made, NETGEAR’s website appears.

Configuring the WAN Mode

To access the WAN Mode screen, select Network Configuration from the main menu and WAN Settings from the submenu. The WAN Mode screen displays.

Figure 2-8

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The WAN Mode screen allows you to configure how the VPN firewalll uses the external Internet connection. This screen gives you two choices for accessing the external Internet connection.

• Network Address Translation (NAT). This technique allows several computers on a LAN to share the same Internet connection (IP address) while using private IP address on the LAN, which are hidden from the Internet.

• Classical Routing. This method allows the VPN firewall to perform the routing, but requires separate valid static Internet IP address for each PC on your LAN.

Network Address Translation

Network Address Translation (NAT) allows all PCs on your LAN to share a single public Internet IP address. From the Internet, there is only a single device (the VPN firewall) and a single IP address. PCs on your LAN can use any private IP address range, and these IP addresses are not visible from the Internet.

• The VPN firewall uses NAT to select the correct PC (on your LAN) to receive any incoming data.

• If you only have a single public Internet IP address, you MUST use NAT. (the default setting).

• If your ISP has provided you with multiple public IP addresses, you can use one address as the primary shared address for Internet access by your PCs, and you can map incoming traffic on the other public IP addresses to specific PCs on your LAN. This one-to-one inbound mapping is configured using an inbound firewall rule.

Classical Routing

In classical routing mode, the VPN firewall performs routing, but without NAT. To gain Internet access, each PC on your LAN must have a valid static Internet IP address.

If your ISP has allocated a number of static IP addresses to you, and you have assigned one of these addresses to each PC, you can choose classical routing. Or, you can use classical routing for routing private IP addresses within a campus environment.

To learn the status of the WAN port, you can view the Router Status screen (see “Viewing the

VPN Firewall Configuration and System Status” on page 6-30) or look at the LEDs on the front

panel (see “VPN Firewall Front and Rear Panels” on page 1-6).

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Configuring Dynamic DNS

Dynamic DNS (DDNS) is an Internet service that allows routers with varying public IP addresses to be located using Internet domain names. To use DDNS, you must setup an account with a DDNS provider such as DynDNS.org, TZO.com, Oray.net, or 3322.org. Links to DynDNS, TZO, Oray, and 3322 are provided for your convenience on the Dynamic DNS Configuration screen. The VPN firewall firmware includes software that notifies dynamic DNS servers of changes in the WAN IP address, so that the services running on this network can be accessed by others on the Internet.

If your network has a permanently assigned IP address, you can register a domain name and have that name linked with your IP address by public Domain Name Servers (DNS). However, if your Internet account uses a dynamically assigned IP address, you will not know in advance what your IP address will be, and the address can change frequently—hence, the need for a commercial DDNS service, which allows you to register an extension to its domain, and restores DNS requests for the resulting FQDN to your frequently-changing IP address.

After you have configured your account information on the VPN firewall, whenever your ISP-assigned IP address changes, your VPN firewall will automatically contact your DDNS service provider, log in to your account, and register your new IP address.

Note: If your ISP assigns a private WAN IP address such as 192.168.x.x or 10.x.x.x, the

dynamic DNS service will not work because private addresses will not be routed on the Internet.

To configure Dynamic DNS:

1. Select Network Configuration from the main menu and Dynamic DNS from the submenu. The Dynamic DNS screen displays (see Figure 2-9 on page 2-12).

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Figure 2-9

2. Click the tab of the DNS service you want to enable. Each DNS service provider requires registration. After registration you can configure the required settings on the corresponding screen for the DNS service.

3. Access the website of one of the DNS service providers and set up an account. A link to each DNS service provider is located to the right of the tabs (see the option arrow). After setting up your account, return to the screen for the DNS service.

4. On the screen for the DNS service, select the Yes radio button, and complete the required fields for the DNS service that you selected:

a. In the Host and Domain Name field, enter the entire FQDN name that your DNS service

provider gave you (for example: <yourname>.dyndns.org).

b. Enter the account information for the service you have chosen (for example, user name,

password, key, or domain).

c. If your DNS service provider allows the use of wild cards in resolving your URL, you may

check the Use wildcards checkbox to activate this feature. For example, the wildcard feature will cause

the same IP address as

yourhost.dyndns.org

*.yourhost.dyndns.org to be aliased to

d. If your WAN IP address does not change often, you may need to force a periodic update to

the DDNS service to prevent your account from expiring. If it appears, you can select the

Update every 30 days checkbox to enable a periodic update.

5. Click Apply to save your configuration or click Reset to return to the previous settings.

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Configuring the Advanced Broadband Options

To configure the advanced broadband options:

1. Select Network Configuration from the main menu and Broadband ISP Settings from the submenu. The Broadband ISP Settings screen displays.

2. Click the Advanced option arrow at the right of the tabs to display the Broadband Advanced Options screen.

Figure 2-10

3. Edit the default information you want to change.

• MTU Size. The normal MTU (Maximum Transmit Unit) value for most Ethernet

networks is 1500 Bytes, or 1492 Bytes for PPPoE connections. For some ISPs you may have to reduce the MTU. But this is rarely required, and should not be done unless you are sure it is necessary for your ISP connection.

• Port Speed. In most cases, your VPN firewall can automatically determine the connection

speed of the Internet (WAN) port. If you cannot establish an Internet connection and the Internet LED blinks continuously, you may have to manually select the port speed. AutoSense is the default.

If you know that the Ethernet port on your broadband modem supports 100BaseT, select 100BaseT Half_Duplex; otherwise, select 10BaseT Half_Duplex. Use the half-duplex settings unless you are sure you need full duplex.

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• Router's MAC Address. Each computer or router on your network has a unique 32-bit

local Ethernet address. This is also referred to as the computer's MAC (Media Access Control) address. The default is Use Default Address. However, if your ISP requires MAC authentication, then select either

– Use this Computer’s MAC address to enable the VPN firewall to use the MAC

address of the computer you are now using, or

– Use This MAC Address to manually type in the MAC address that your ISP expects. The format for the MAC address is XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX (numbers 0-9 and either

uppercase or lowercase letters A-F). If you select Use This MAC Address and then type in a MAC address, your entry will be overwritten.

Additional WAN Related Configuration

• If you want the ability to manage the VPN firewalll remotely, enable remote management at this time (see “Enabling Remote Management Access” on page 6-14). If you enable remote management, NETGEAR strongly recommends that you change your password (see

“Changing Passwords and Settings” on page 6-8).

• At this point, you can set up the traffic meter for each WAN, if desired. See “Enabling the

Traffic Meter” on page 6-27.

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Chapter 3

LAN Configuration

This chapter describes how to configure the advanced LAN features of your ProSafe Gigabit 8 Port VPN Firewall FVS318G, including the following sections:

• “Choosing the VPN Firewall DHCP Options” on this page

• “Configuring the LAN Setup Options” on page 3-2

• “Managing Groups and Hosts (LAN Groups)” on page 3-5

• “Configuring Multi Home LAN IP Addresses” on page 3-10

• “Configuring and Enabling the DMZ Port” on page 3-11

• “Configuring Static Routes” on page 3-14

• “Configuring Routing Information Protocol (RIP)” on page 3-17

Choosing the VPN Firewall DHCP Options

By default, the VPN firewall will function as a DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) server, allowing it to assign IP, DNS server, WINS Server, and default gateway addresses to all computers connected to the VPN firewall LAN. The assigned default gateway address is the LAN address of the VPN firewall. IP addresses will be assigned to the attached PCs from a pool of addresses that you must specify. Each pool address is tested before it is assigned to avoid duplicate addresses on the LAN. The DHCP options are available for both the LAN and DMZ settings.

For most applications, the default DHCP and TCP/IP settings of the VPN firewall are satisfactory. See the link to “TCP/IP Networking Basics” in Appendix C, “Related Documents for an explanation of DHCP and information about how to assign IP addresses for your network.

If another device on your network will be the DHCP server, or if you will manually configure the network settings of all of your computers, clear the Enable DHCP server radio box by selecting the Disable DHCP Server radio box. Otherwise, leave it checked.

Specify the pool of IP addresses to be assigned by setting the starting IP address and ending IP address. These addresses should be part of the same IP address subnet as the VPN firewall’s LAN IP address. Using the default addressing scheme, you should define a range between 192.168.1.2 and 192.168.1.100, although you may wish to save part of the range for devices with fixed addresses.

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The VPN firewall will deliver the following settings to any LAN device that requests DHCP:

• An IP address from the range that you have defined.

• Subnet mask.

• Gateway IP address (the VPN firewall’s LAN IP address).

• Primary DNS server (the VPN firewall’s LAN IP address).

• WINS server (if you entered a WINS server address in the DHCP section of the LAN Setup screen).

• Lease time (date obtained and duration of lease).

DHCP Relay options allow you to make the VPN firewall a DHCP relay agent. The DHCP Relay Agent makes it possible for DHCP broadcast messages to be sent over routers that do not support forwarding of these types of messages. The DHCP Relay Agent is therefore the routing protocol that enables DHCP clients to obtain IP addresses from a DHCP server on a remote subnet, or which is not located on the local subnet. If you have no configured DHCP Relay Agent, your clients would only be able to obtain IP addresses from the DHCP server which is on the same subnet. To enable clients to obtain IP addresses from a DHCP server on a remote subnet, you have to configure the DHCP Relay Agent on the subnet that contains the remote clients, so that it can relay DHCP broadcast messages to your DHCP server.

When the DNS Proxy option is enabled, the VPN firewall will act as a proxy for all DNS requests and communicates with the ISP’s DNS servers (as configured on the Broadband ISP Settings screen). All DHCP clients will receive the primary and/or secondary DNS IP address along with the IP address where the DNS proxy is running, that is, the VPN firewall’s LAN IP address. When disabled, all DHCP clients will receive the DNS IP addresses of the ISP excluding the DNS proxy IP address.

Configuring the LAN Setup Options

The LAN Setup screen allows configuration of LAN IP services such as DHCP and allows you to configure a secondary or “multi-home” LAN IP setup in the LAN. The default values are suitable for most users and situations.

Note: If you enable the DNS Relay feature, you will not use the VPN firewall as a DHCP

server but rather as a DHCP relay agent for a DHCP server somewhere else on your network.

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To configure the LAN Setup options:

1. Select Network Configuration from the main menu and LAN Settings from the submenu. The LAN Setup screen displays.

Figure 3-1

2. In the LAN TCP/IP Setup section, configure the following settings:

• IP Address. The LAN address of your VPN firewall (factory default: 192.168.1.1).

Note: If you change the LAN IP address of the VPN firewall while connected

through the browser, you will be disconnected. You must then open a new connection to the new IP address and log in again. For example, if you change the default IP address 192.168.1.1 to 10.0.0.1, you must now enter https://10.0.0.1 in your browser to reconnect to the Web Configuration Manager.

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• IP Subnet Mask. The subnet mask specifies the network number portion of an IP address.

Your VPN firewall will automatically calculate the subnet mask based on the IP address that you assign. Unless you are implementing subnetting, use 255.255.255.0 as the subnet mask. (Always make sure that the LAN port IP address and DMZ port IP address are in different subnets.)

3. In the DHCP section, select Disable DHCP Server, Enable DHCP Server, or DHCP Relay. By default, the VPN firewall will function as a DHCP server, providing TCP/IP configuration settings for all computers connected to the VPN firewall’s LAN. If another device on your network will be the DHCP server, or if you will manually configure all devices, click Disable DHCP Server. If the VPN firewall will function as a DHCP relay agent, select DHCP Relay and enter the IP address of the DHCP relay gateway in the Relay Gateway field.

If the DHCP server is enabled, enter the following settings:

• Domain Name. (Optional) The DHCP will assign the entered domain to DHCP clients.

• Starting IP Address. Specifies the first of the contiguous addresses in the IP address pool.

Any new DHCP client joining the LAN will be assigned an IP address between this address and the Ending IP Address. The IP address 192.168.1.2 is the default start address.

• Ending IP Address. Specifies the last of the contiguous addresses in the IP address pool.

The IP address 192.168.1.100 is the default ending address.

Note: The starting and ending DHCP addresses should be in the same subnet as

the LAN IP address of the VPN firewall (the IP address that is configured in the LAN TCP/IP Setup section of the LAN Setup screen).

• Primary DNS Server. (Optional) If an IP address is specified, the VPN firewall will

provide this address as the primary DNS server IP address. If no address is specified, the VPN firewall will provide its own LAN IP address as the primary DNS server IP address.

• Secondary DNS Server. (Optional) If an IP address is specified, the VPN firewall will

provide this address as the secondary DNS server IP address.

• WINS Server. (Optional) Specifies the IP address of a local Windows NetBIOS Server if

one is present in your network.

• Lease Time. This specifies the duration for which IP addresses will be leased to clients.

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If you will use a Lightweight Directory Access Protocol (LDAP) authentication server for network-validated domain-based authentication, select Enable LDAP Information to enable the DHCP server to provide LDAP server information. Enter the following settings:

• LDAP Server. Specifies the name or the IP address of the device that hosts the LDAP

server.

• Search Base. Specifies the distinguished name (dn) at which to start the search, specified

as a sequence of relative distinguished names (rdn), connected with commas and without any blank spaces. For most users, the search base is a variation of the domain name. For example, if your domain is yourcompany.com, your search base dn might be as follows: dc=yourcompany,dc=com.

• port. Specifies the port number that the LDAP server is using. Leave this field blank for

the default port.

4. In the Advanced Settings section, configure the following settings:

• Enable DNS Proxy. If the DNS proxy is enabled (which is the default setting), the DHCP

server will provide the VPN firewall’s LAN IP address as the DNS server for address name resolution. If this box is unchecked, the DHCP server will provide the ISP’s DNS server IP addresses. The VPN firewall will still service DNS requests sent to its LAN IP address unless you disable DNS Proxy in the VPN firewall settings (see “Attack Checks”

on page 4-20).

• Enable ARP Broadcast. If ARP broadcast is enabled (which is the default setting), the

Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) is broadcasted on the LAN so that IP addresses can be mapped to physical addresses (that is, MAC addresses).

5. Click Apply to save your settings or click Reset to discard any changes and revert to the previous configuration.

Note: Once you have completed the LAN IP setup, all outbound traffic is allowed

and all inbound traffic is discarded. To change these traffic rules, refer to

Chapter 4, “Firewall Protection and Content Filtering.”

Managing Groups and Hosts (LAN Groups)

The Known PCs and Devices table on the Groups and Hosts screen contains a list of all known PCs and network devices, as well as hosts, that are assigned dynamic IP addresses by this VPN firewall. Collectively, these entries make up the Network Database.

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The Network Database is updated by these methods:

• DHCP Client Requests. By default, the DHCP server in this VPN firewall is enabled, and will accept and respond to DHCP client requests from PCs and other network devices. These requests also generate an entry in the Network Database. Because of this, leaving the DHCP Server feature (on the LAN screen) enabled is strongly recommended.

• Scanning the Network. The local network is scanned using standard methods such as ARP. This will detect active devices which are not DHCP clients. However, sometimes the name of the PC or device cannot be accurately determined, and will be shown as Unknown.

• Manual Entry. You can manually enter information about a network device.

Creating the Network Database

Some advantages of the Network Database are:

• Generally, you do not need to enter either IP address or MAC addresses. Instead, you can just select the desired PC or device.

• No need to reserve an IP address for a PC in the DHCP Server. All IP address assignments made by the DHCP Server will be maintained until the PC or device is removed from the database, either by expiry (inactive for a long time) or by you.

• No need to use a fixed IP address on PCs. Because the address allocated by the DHCP Server will never change, you do not need to assign a fixed IP address to a PC to ensure it always has the same IP address.

• MAC level control over PCs. The Network Database uses the MAC address to identify each PC or device. So changing a PC’s IP address does not affect any restrictions on that PC.

• Group and individual control over PCs. – You can assign PCs to groups and apply restrictions to each group using the Firewall

Rules screen (see “Using Rules to Block or Allow Specific Kinds of Traffic” on page 4-2).

– You can also select the groups to be covered by the Block Sites feature (see “Blocking

Internet Sites (Content Filtering)” on page 4-30).

– If necessary, you can also create firewall rules to apply to a single PC (see “Configuring

Source MAC Filtering” on page 4-33). Because the MAC address is used to identify each

PC, users cannot avoid these restrictions by changing their IP address.

• A computer is identified by its MAC address—not its IP address. Hence, changing a computer’s IP address does not affect any restrictions applied to that PC.

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Viewing the Network Database

To view the Network Database, follow these steps:

1. Select Network Configuration from the main menu and LAN Settings from the submenu. The LAN Setup screen displays.

2. Click the LAN Groups tab. The LAN Groups screen displays.

Figure 3-2

The Known PCs and Devices table lists the entries in the Network Database. For each computer or device, the following fields are displayed:

• Name. The name of the computer or device. Computers that do not support the NetBIOS protocol will be listed as Unknown. In this case, the name can be edited manually for easier management. If the computer was assigned an IP address by the DHCP server, then an asterisk is be appended to the name.

• IP Address. The current IP address of the computer. For DHCP clients of the VPN firewall, this IP address will not change. If a computer is assigned a static IP address, you must to update this entry manually when the IP address of the computer changes.

• MAC Address. The MAC address of the computer’s network interface.

• Group. Each PC or device can be assigned to a single group. By default, a computer is assigned to the first group (Group 1). To change the group assignment by selecting the Edit button in the Action column.

• Action/Edit. Allows modification of the selected entry.

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Adding Devices to the Network Database

To add devices manually to the network database:

1. To add computers to the network database manually, make the following selections:

• Name: The name of the PC or device.

• IP Address Type. From the pull-down menu, choose how this device receives its IP

address: – Select Fixed (Set on PC) if the IP address is statically assigned on the computer. – Select Reserved (DHCP Client) to direct the VPN firewall to reserve the IP address

for allocation by the DHCP server (see “Setting Up DHCP Address Reservation” on

page 3-9).

Note: When assigning a reserved IP address to a client, the IP address selected

must be outside the range of addresses allocated to the DHCP server pool.

• IP Address. Enter the IP address that this computer or device is assigned. If the IP

Address Type is Reserved (DHCP Client), the VPN firewall will reserve the IP address for the associated MAC address.

• MAC Address. Enter the MAC address of the computer’s network interface. The MAC

address format is six colon-separated pairs of hexadecimal characters (0-9 and A-F), such as 01:23:45:67:89:AB.

• Group. From the pull-down menu, select the group to which the computer has to be

assigned. (Group 1 is the default group.)

2. Click Add to add the new entry to the network database.

3. As an optional step: To enable DHCP address reservation for the entry that you just added to the Known PCs and Devices table, select the checkbox for the table entry, and click Save Binding to bind the IP address to the MAC address for DHCP assignment.

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Changing Group Names in the LAN Groups Database

By default, the LAN Groups are named Group1 through Group8. You can rename these group names to be more descriptive, such as Engineering or Marketing.

To edit the names of any of the eight available groups:

1. From the LAN Groups screen, click the Edit Group Names option arrow to the right of the tabs. The Network Database Group Names screen appears.

Figure 3-3

2. Select the radio button next to any group name to make that name active for editing.

3. Type a new name in the field.

4. Select and edit other group names if desired.

5. Click Apply to save your settings.

Setting Up DHCP Address Reservation

When you specify a reserved IP address for a device on the LAN (based on the MAC address of the device), that computer or device will always receive the same IP address each time it accesses the VPN firewall’s DHCP server. Reserved IP addresses should be assigned to servers or access points that require permanent IP settings. The Reserved IP address that you select must be outside of the DHCP Server pool.

To reserve an IP address, manually enter the device on the LAN Groups screen, specifying Reserved (DHCP Client), as described in “Adding Devices to the Network Database” on page 3-

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Note: The reserved address will not be assigned until the next time the PC contacts the

VPN firewall's DHCP server. Reboot the PC or access its IP configuration and force a DHCP release and renew.

Configuring Multi Home LAN IP Addresses

If you have computers on your LAN using different IP address ranges (for example, 172.16.2.0 or

10.0.0.0), you can add “aliases” to the LAN port, giving computers on those networks access to the

Internet through the VPN firewall. This allows the VPN firewall to act as a gateway to additional logical subnets on your LAN. You can assign the VPN firewall an IP address on each additional logical subnet.

To add a secondary LAN IP address:

1. Select Network Configuration from the main menu and LAN Settings from the submenu. The LAN Setup screen displays.

2. Click the LAN Multi-homing tab. The LAN Multi-homing screen displays.

Figure 3-4

The Available Secondary LAN IPs table lists the secondary LAN IP addresses added to the VPN firewall.

• IP Address. The IP address alias added to the LAN port of the VPN firewall. This is the

gateway for computers that need to access the Internet.

• Subnet Mask. IPv4 Subnet Mask.

• Action. The Edit button allows you to make changes to the selected entry.

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3. In the Add Secondary LAN IP Address section, enter the additional IP address and subnet mask to be assigned to the LAN port of the VPN firewall.

4. Click Add. The secondary LAN IP address will be added to the Available Secondary LAN IPs table.

To make changes to the Available Secondary LAN IPs table, use the following buttons:

• Select All. Selects all the entries in the Available Secondary LAN IPs table.

• Delete. Deletes selected entries from the Available Secondary LAN IPs table.

Note: Additional IP addresses cannot be configured in the DHCP server. The hosts on the

secondary subnets must be manually configured with the IP addresses, gateway IP and DNS server IPs.

Warning: Make sure that the secondary IP addresses are different from the LAN, WAN,

DMZ, and any other subnet addresses that are attached to the VPN firewall. Example of correct addresses: WAN IP address: 10.0.0.1 with subnet 255.0.0.0 DMZ IP address: 192.168.10.1 with subnet 255.255.255.0 LAN IP address: 192.168.1.1 with subnet 255.255.255.0 Secondary LAN IP address: 192.168.20.1 with subnet 255.255.255.0

Configuring and Enabling the DMZ Port

The De-Militarized Zone (DMZ) is a network which, when compared to the LAN, has fewer firewall restrictions, by default. This zone can be used to host servers (such as a Web server, FTP server, or email server, for example) and give public access to them. The eighth LAN ports on the VPN firewall can be dedicated as a hardware DMZ port for safely providing services to the Internet, without compromising security on your LAN.

The DMZ port feature is also helpful when using some online games and videoconferencing applications that are incompatible with NAT. The VPN firewall is programmed to recognize some of these applications and to work properly with them, but there are other applications that may not function well. In some cases, local PCs can run the application properly if those PCs are used on the DMZ port.

A separate firewall security profile is provided for the DMZ port that is hardware independent of the standard firewall security used for the LAN.

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The DMZ Setup screen allows you to set up the DMZ port. It permits you to enable or disable the hardware DMZ port (LAN port 8, see “VPN Firewall Front and Rear Panels” on page 1-6) and configure an IP address and Mask for the DMZ port.

To enable and configure the DMZ port:

1. From the main menu, select Network Configuration and then select DMZ Setup from the submenu. The DMZ Setup screen displays.

2. In the DMZ Port Setup section, under Do you want to enable DMZ Port?, select the Yes radio box.

3. Enter an IP address and the subnet mask for the DMZ port. Make sure that the DMZ port IP address and LAN Port IP address are in different subnets (for example, an address outside the LAN Address pool, such as 192.168.1.101).

Figure 3-5

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4. In the DHCP for DMZ Connected Computers section, select one of the following three radio buttons:

• Disable DHCP Server. The DHCP server is disabled, which is the default setting. Select

this radio button if another device on your DMZ network will be the DHCP server, or if you will manually configure all devices.

• Enable DHCP Server. The DHCP server provide a TCP/IP configuration for all

computers connected to the VPN firewall’s DMZ network. Enter the following settings: – Domain Name. (Optional) The DHCP will assign the entered domain to DHCP

clients.

– Starting IP Address. Specifies the first of the contiguous addresses in the IP address

pool. Any new DHCP client joining the LAN will be assigned an IP address between this address and the Ending IP Address. The IP address 192.168.1.2 is the default start address.

– Ending IP Address. Specifies the last of the contiguous addresses in the IP address

pool. The IP address 192.168.1.100 is the default ending address.

Note: The starting and ending DHCP addresses should be in the same subnet

as the LAN IP address of the VPN firewall (the IP address that is configured in the LAN TCP/IP Setup section of the screen).

– Primary DNS Server. (Optional) If an IP address is specified, the VPN firewall will

provide this address as the primary DNS server IP address. If no address is specified, the VPN firewall will provide its own LAN IP address as the primary DNS server IP address.

– Secondary DNS Server. (Optional) If an IP address is specified, the VPN firewall

will provide this address as the secondary DNS server IP address.

– WINS Server. (Optional) Specifies the IP address of a local Windows NetBIOS

Server if one is present in your network.

– Lease Time. This specifies the duration for which IP addresses will be leased to

clients.

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– LDAP Server. Specifies the name or the IP address of the device that hosts the LDAP

server.

– Search Base. Specifies the distinguished name (dn) at which to start the search,

specified as a sequence of relative distinguished names (rdn), connected with commas and without any blank spaces. For most users, the search base is a variation of the domain name. For example, if your domain is yourcompany.com, your search base dn might be as follows: dc=yourcompany,dc=com.

– port. Specifies the port number that the LDAP server is using. Leave this field blank

for the default port.

• DHCP Relay. Select this radio button to use the VPN firewall as a DHCP relay agent for a

DHCP server somewhere else on your network. In the Relay Gateway field, enter the IP address of the DHCP server for which the VPN firewall serves as a relay.

5. In the DNS Proxy section, select the Enable DNS Proxy checkbox to enable the DHCP server to provide the VPN firewall’s LAN IP address for DNS address name resolution. If this checkbox is deselected, the DHCP server will provide the ISP’s DNS server IP addresses, but the VPN firewall will still service DNS requests that are sent to its LAN IP address.

6. Click Apply to save your settings or click Reset to discard any changes and revert to the previous configuration.

When you enable the DMZ server, the DMZ LED next to LAN port 8 (see “VPN Firewall Front

and Rear Panels” on page 1-6) will light up indicating that the DMZ port has been enabled.

To define the DMZ WAN Rules and LAN DMZ Rules, see “Configuring DMZ WAN Rules” on

page 4-12 and “Configuring LAN DMZ Rules” on page 4-13, respectively.

Configuring Static Routes

Static routes provide additional routing information to your VPN firewall. Under normal circumstances, the VPN firewall has adequate routing information after it has been configured for Internet access, and you do not need to configure additional static routes. You should configure static routes only for unusual cases such as multiple firewalls or multiple IP subnets located on your network.

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To add a static route:

1. Select Network Configuration from the main menu and Routing from the submenu. The Routing screen displays.

Figure 3-6

2. Click Add. The Add Static Route screen displays.

Figure 3-7

3. Enter a route name for this static route in the Route Name field (for identification and management).

4. Select the Active checkbox to make this route effective. A route can be added to the Static Routes table and made inactive, if not needed. This allows routes to be used as needed without

deleting the entry and re-adding it. An inactive route is not broadcast if RIP is enabled

5. Select the Private checkbox if you want to limit access to the LAN only. The static route will not be advertised in RIP.

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6. In the Destination IP Address field, enter the destination IP address to the host or network to which the route leads.

7. In the IP Subnet Mask field, enter the IP subnet mask for this destination. If the destination is a single host, enter 255.255.255.255.

8. From the Interface pull-down menu, select the physical network interface (Broadband, DMZ, or LAN) through which this route is accessible.

9. In the Gateway IP Address field, enter the gateway IP address through which the destination

host or network can be reached. (This must be a device on the same LAN segment as the VPN firewall).

10. In the Metric field, enter the metric priority for this route. If multiple routes to the same destination exit, the route with the lowest metric is chosen. The value must be between 1 and

15.

11. Click Reset to discard any changes and revert to the previous settings or click Apply to save your settings. The new static route will be added to Static Routes table.

You can edit the route’s settings by clicking Edit in the Action column adjacent to the route.

Static Route Example

For example, you may require a static route if:

• your primary Internet access is through a cable modem to an ISP, and

• you have an ISDN firewall on your home network for connecting to the company where you are employed. This firewall’s address on your LAN is 192.168.1.100, and

• your company’s network is 134.177.0.0.

When you first configured your VPN firewall, two implicit static routes were created. A default route was created with your ISP as the gateway, and a second static route was created to your local network for all 192.168.1.x addresses. With this configuration, if you attempt to access a device on the 134.177.0.0 network, your VPN firewall will forward your request to the ISP. The ISP forwards your request to the company where you are employed, and the request will likely be denied by the company’s firewall.

In this case you must define a static route, telling your VPN firewall that 134.177.0.0 should be accessed through the ISDN firewall at 192.168.1.100.

In this example:

• The Destination IP Address and IP Subnet Mask fields specify that this static route applies to all 134.177.x.x addresses.

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• The Gateway IP Address fields specifies that all traffic for these addresses should be forwarded to the ISDN firewall at 192.168.1.100.

• A Metric value of 1 will work since the ISDN firewall is on the LAN.

• Private is selected only as a precautionary security measure in case RIP is activated.

Configuring Routing Information Protocol (RIP)

RIP (Routing Information Protocol, RFC 2453) is an Interior Gateway Protocol (IGP) that is commonly used in internal networks (LANs). It allows a router to exchange its routing information automatically with other routers, and allows it to dynamically adjust its routing tables and adapt to changes in the network. RIP is disabled by default.

To configure RIP:

1. Select Network Configuration from the main menu and Routing from the submenu. The Routing screen displays (see Figure 3-6 on page 3-15).

2. Click RIP Configuration option arrow to the right of the Routing tab. The RIP Configuration screen displays.

Figure 3-8

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3. From the RIP Direction pull-down menu, select the direction in which the VPN firewall will send and receives RIP packets. The choices are:

• None. The VPN firewall neither broadcasts its routing table nor does it accept any RIP

packets from other routers. This effectively disables RIP.

• Both. The VPN firewall broadcasts its routing table and also processes RIP information

received from other routers.

• Out Only. The VPN firewall broadcasts its routing table periodically but does not accept

RIP information from other routers.

• In Only. The VPN firewall accepts RIP information from other routers, but does not

broadcast its routing table.

4. From the RIP Version pull-down menu, select the version:

• Disabled. The default section disables RIP versions.

• RIP-1. A class-based routing that does not include subnet information. This is the most

commonly supported version.

• RIP-2. This includes all the functionality of RIPv1 plus it supports subnet information.

Though the data is sent in RIP-2 format for both RIP-2B and RIP-2M, the modes in which packets are sent are different.

– RIP-2B. Sends the routing data in RIP-2 format and uses subnet broadcasting. – RIP-2M. Sends the routing data in RIP-2 format and uses multicasting.

5. Authentication for RIP2B/2M required? If you selected RIP-2B or RIP-2M, check the Yes radio box to enable authentication, and enter the MD-5 keys to authenticate between devices in the First Key Parameters and Second Key Parameters sections on the screen.

6. Click Reset to discard any changes and revert to the previous settings or click Apply to save your settings.

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Chapter 4

Firewall Protection and Content Filtering

This chapter describes how to use the content filtering features of the ProSafe Gigabit 8 Port VPN Firewall FVS318G to protect your network.

This chapter includes the following sections:

• “About Firewall Protection and Content Filtering” on this page

• “Using Rules to Block or Allow Specific Kinds of Traffic” on page 4-2

• “Configuring Other Firewall Features” on page 4-19

• “Creating Services, QoS Profiles, and Bandwidth Profiles” on page 4-24

• “Setting a Schedule to Block or Allow Specific Traffic” on page 4-29

• “Blocking Internet Sites (Content Filtering)” on page 4-30

• “Configuring Source MAC Filtering” on page 4-33

• “Configuring IP/MAC Address Binding” on page 4-35

• “Configuring Port Triggering” on page 4-37

• “Configuring UPnP (Universal Plug and Play)” on page 4-40

• “Email Notifications of Event Logs and Alerts” on page 4-41

• “Administrator Tips” on page 4-42

About Firewall Protection and Content Filtering

The VPN firewall provides you with Web content filtering options, plus browsing activity reporting and instant alerts via email. Parents and network administrators can establish restricted access policies based on time-of-day, Web addresses and Web address keywords. You can also block Internet access by applications and services, such as chat or games.

A firewall is a special category of router that protects one network (the “trusted” network, such as your LAN) from another (the untrusted network, such as the Internet), while allowing communication between the two. You can further segment keyword blocking to certain known groups (see “Managing Groups and Hosts (LAN Groups)” on page 3-5 to set up LAN Groups).

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A firewall incorporates the functions of a NAT (Network Address Translation) router, while adding features for dealing with a hacker intrusion or attack, and for controlling the types of traffic that can flow between the two networks. Unlike simple Internet sharing NAT routers, a firewall uses a process called stateful packet inspection to protect your network from attacks and intrusions. NAT performs a very limited stateful inspection in that it considers whether the incoming packet is in response to an outgoing request, but true Stateful Packet Inspection goes far beyond NAT.

Using Rules to Block or Allow Specific Kinds of Traffic

This section includes the following topics:

• “Services-Based Rules” on page 4-3”

• “Viewing Rules and Order of Precedence for Rules” on page 4-8

• “Configuring LAN WAN Rules” on page 4-9

• “Configuring DMZ WAN Rules” on page 4-12

• “Configuring LAN DMZ Rules” on page 4-13

• “Inbound Rules Examples” on page 4-15

• “Outbound Rules Example” on page 4-19

Firewall rules are used to block or allow specific traffic passing through from one side to the other. You can configure up to 600 rules on the VPN firewall. Inbound rules (WAN to LAN) restrict access by outsiders to private resources, selectively allowing only specific outside users to access specific resources. Outbound rules (LAN to WAN) determine what outside resources local users can have access to.

A firewall has two default rules, one for inbound traffic and one for outbound. The default rules of the VPN firewall are:

• Inbound. Block all access from outside except responses to requests from the LAN side.

• Outbound. Allow all access from the LAN side to the outside.

The firewall rules for blocking/allowing traffic on the VPN firewall can be applied to LAN/WAN traffic, DMZ/WAN traffic and LAN/DMZ traffic.

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Services-Based Rules

The rules to block traffic are based on the traffic’s category of service.

• Outbound Rules (service blocking). Outbound traffic is normally allowed unless the VPN firewall is configured to disallow it.

• Inbound Rules (port forwarding). Inbound traffic is normally blocked by the VPN firewall unless the traffic is in response to a request from the LAN side. The VPN firewall can be configured to allow this otherwise blocked traffic.

• Customized Services. Additional services can be added to the list of services in the factory default list. These added services can then have rules defined for them to either allow or block that traffic (see “Adding Customized Services” on page 4-24).

• Quality of Service (QoS) priorities. Each service has its own native priority that impacts its quality of performance and tolerance for jitter or delays. You can change the QoS priority which will change the traffic mix through the system (see “Specifying Quality of Service

(QoS) Priorities” on page 4-26).

Outbound Rules (Service Blocking)

The VPN firewall allows you to block the use of certain Internet services by PCs on your network. This is called service blocking or port filtering.

Note: See “Configuring Source MAC Filtering” on page 4-33 for yet another way to

block outbound traffic from selected PCs that would otherwise be allowed by the VPN firewall.

Table 4-1. Outbound Rules

Item Description

Service Select the desired service or application to be covered by this rule. If the desired service

or application does not appear in the list, you must define it using the Services menu (see

“Adding Customized Services” on page 4-24).

Action Select the desired action for outgoing connections covered by this rule:

• BLOCK always.

• BLOCK by schedule, otherwise Allow .

• ALLOW always.

• ALLOW by schedule, otherwise Block. Note: Any outbound traffic that is not blocked by rules you create will be allowed by the default rule. ALLOW rules are only useful if the traffic is already covered by a BLOCK rule. That is, you wish to allow a subset of traffic that is currently blocked by another rule.

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Table 4-1. Outbound Rules (continued)

Item Description

Select Schedule Select the desired time schedule (Schedule1, Schedule2, or Schedule3) that will be used

by this rule.

• This pull-down menu gets activated only when “BLOCK by schedule, otherwise Allow” or “ALLOW by schedule, otherwise Block” is selected as Action.

• Use schedule screen to configure the time schedules (see “Setting a Schedule to Block

or Allow Specific Traffic” on page 4-29).

LAN Users These settings determine which computers on your network are affected by this rule.

Select the desired options:

• Any. All PCs and devices on your LAN.

• Single address. Enter the required address and the rule will be applied to that particular PC.

• Address range. If this option is selected, you must enter the start and finish fields.

• Groups. Select the Group to which this rule will apply. Use the LAN Groups screen (under Network Configuration) to assign PCs to Groups. See “Managing Groups and

Hosts (LAN Groups)” on page 3-5.

WAN Users These settings determine which Internet locations are covered by the rule, based on their

IP address. Select the desired option:

• Any. All Internet IP address are covered by this rule.

• Single address. Enter the required address in the start field.

• Address range. If this option is selected, you must enter the start and end fields.

DMZ Users These settings determine which DMZ computers on the DMZ network are affected by this

rule. Select the desired options.

• Any. All PCs and devices on your DMZ network.

• Single address. Enter the required address and the rule will be applied to that particular PC on the DMZ network.

• Address range. If this option is selected, you must enter the start and finish fields of the DMZ computers.

QoS Priority Specifies the priority of a service which, in turn, determines the quality of that service for

the traffic passing through the VPN firewall. By default, the priority shown is that of the selected service. The user can change it accordingly. If the user does not make a selection (leaves it as Normal-Service), then the native priority of the service will be applied to the policy. See “Specifying Quality of Service (QoS) Priorities” on page 4-26.

Log This determines whether packets covered by this rule are logged. Select the desired

action:

• Always. Always log traffic considered by this rule, whether it matches or not. This is useful when debugging your rules.

• Never. Never log traffic considered by this rule, whether it matches or not.

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Table 4-1. Outbound Rules (continued)

Item Description

Bandwidth Profile

NAT IP The settings that specify whether the source address of the outgoing packets on the

Bandwidth Limiting determines the way in which the data is sent to or from your host. The purpose of bandwidth limiting is to provide a solution for limiting the outgoing or incoming traffic, thus preventing the LAN users for consuming all the bandwidth of your Internet connection. For more information, see See “Creating Bandwidth Profiles” on page 4-27. Note: Bandwidth limiting does not apply to the DMZ interface.

WAN should be assigned the address of the WAN interface or the address of a different interface. The options are:

• WAN Interface Address. All the outgoing packets on the WAN are to the address of the assigned WAN interface.

• Single Address. All the outgoing packets on the WAN are assigned the specified IP address, for example, a secondary WAN address that you have configured.

Inbound Rules (Port Forwarding)

Because the VPN firewall uses Network Address Translation (NAT), your network presents only one IP address to the Internet and outside users cannot directly address any of your local computers. However, by defining an inbound rule you can make a local server (for example, a Web server or game server) visible and available to the Internet. The rule tells the VPN firewall to direct inbound traffic for a particular service to one local server based on the destination port number. This is also known as port forwarding.

Whether or not DHCP is enabled, how the PCs will access the server’s LAN address impacts the inbound rules. For example:

• If your external IP address is assigned dynamically by your ISP (DHCP enabled), the IP address may change periodically as the DHCP lease expires. Consider using dynamic DNS so that external users can always find your network (see “Configuring Dynamic DNS” on page 2-

11).

• If the IP address of the local server PC is assigned by DHCP, it may change when the PC is rebooted. To avoid this, use the Reserved IP address feature to keep the PC’s IP address constant (see “Setting Up DHCP Address Reservation” on page 3-9).

• Local PCs must access the local server using the PCs’ local LAN address. Attempts by local PCs to access the server using the external WAN IP address will fail.

Note: See “Configuring Port Triggering” on page 4-37 for yet another way to allow

certain types of inbound traffic that would otherwise be blocked by the VPN firewall.

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Table 4-2. Inbound Rules

Item Description

Services Select the desired service or application to be covered by this rule. If the desired service

or application does not appear in the list, you must define it using the Services screen (see “Adding Customized Services” on page 4-24).

Action Select the desired action for packets covered by this rule:

• BLOCK always.

• BLOCK by schedule, otherwise Allow.

• ALLOW always.

• ALLOW by schedule, otherwise Block. Note: Any inbound traffic which is not allowed by rules you create will be blocked by the Default rule.

Select Schedule Select the desired time schedule (that is, Schedule1, Schedule2, or Schedule3) that will

be used by this rule (see “Setting a Schedule to Block or Allow Specific Traffic” on

page 4-29).

• This pull-down menu gets activated only when “BLOCK by schedule, otherwise Allow” or “ALLOW by schedule, otherwise Block” is selected as Action.

• Use the schedule screen to configure the time schedules.

Send to LAN Server

Send to DMZ Server

Translate to Port Number

WAN Destination IP Address

LAN Users These settings determine which computers on your network are affected by this rule.

WAN Users These settings determine which Internet locations are covered by the rule, based on their

This field appears only with NAT routing (not classical routing). This LAN address or range of LAN addresses determines which computer or computers on your network are hosting this service rule. (You can also translate these addresses to a port number.)

The DMZ server address determines which computer on your network is hosting this service rule. (You can also translate this address to a port number.)

Check the “Translate to Port Number” and enter a port number if you want to assign the LAN Server to a specific port.

This setting determines the destination IP address applicable to incoming traffic. This is the public IP address that will map to the internal LAN server; it can either be the address of the broadband port, another public IP address

Select the desired options:

• Any. All PCs and devices on your LAN.

• Single address. Enter the required address and the rule will be applied to that particular PC.

• Address range. If this option is selected, you must enter the start and finish fields.

• Groups. Select the Group to which this rule will apply. Use the LAN Groups screen (under Network Configuration) to assign PCs to Groups. See “Managing Groups and

Hosts (LAN Groups)” on page 3-5.

IP addresses. Select the desired option:

• Any. All Internet IP address are covered by this rule.

• Single address. Enter the required address in the start field.

• Address range. If this option is selected, you must enter the start and end fields.

., or an address range.

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Table 4-2. Inbound Rules (continued)

Item Description

Log This determines whether packets covered by this rule are logged. Select the desired

action:

• Always. Always log traffic considered by this rule, whether it matches or not. This is useful when debugging your rules.

• Never. Never log traffic considered by this rule, whether it matches or not.

Bandwidth Profile

Note: Some residential broadband ISP accounts do not allow you to run any server

processes (such as a Web or FTP server) from your location. Your ISP may periodically check for servers and may suspend your account if it discovers any active services at your location. If you are unsure, refer to the Acceptable Use Policy of your ISP.

Remember that allowing inbound services opens holes in your VPN firewall. Only enable those ports that are necessary for your network. It is also advisable to turn on the server application security and invoke the user password or privilege levels, if provided.

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Viewing Rules and Order of Precedence for Rules

To view the firewall rules, select Security from the main menu and Firewall from the submenu. The LAN WAN Rules screen appears (Figure 4-1 shows some examples). As you define new rules, they are added to the tables in the Rules menu as the last item in the list.

Figure 4-1

For LAN WAN rules, DMZ WAN rules, and LAN DMZ rules, for any traffic attempting to pass through the VPN firewall, the packet information is subjected to the rules in the order shown in the Outbound Services and Inbound Services rules tables rules tables, beginning at the top and proceeding to the bottom. In some cases, the order of precedence of two or more rules may be important in determining the disposition of a packet. For example, you should place the most strict rules at the top (those with the most specific services or addresses). The up and down button allows you to relocate a defined rule to a new position in the table (see below).

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To make changes to an existing outbound or inbound service rule on the the LAN WAN Rules, DMZ WAN Rules, or LAN DMZ Rules screen, in the Action column to the right of to the rule, click on of the following table buttons:

• edit. Allows you to make any changes to the rule definition of an existing rule. Depending on

your selection, either an Edit Outbound Service screen or Edit Inbound Service screen displays, containing the data for the selected rule.

• up. Moves the rule up one position in the table rank.

• down. Moves the rule down one position in the table rank. To enable, disable, or delete one or more rules on the LAN WAN Rules, DMZ WAN Rules, or

LAN DMZ Rules screen:

1. Select the checkbox to the left of the rule that you want to delete or disable or click the select all table button to select all rules.

2. Click one of the following table buttons:

• enable. Enables the rule or rules. The “!” status icon changes from a grey circle to a green

circle, indicating that the rule is or rules are enabled. (By default, when a rule is added to the table, it is automatically enabled.)

• disable. Disables the rule or rules. The “!” status icon changes from a green circle to a

grey circle, indicating that the rule is or rules are disabled.

• delete. Deletes the rule or rules.

To add a new rule, click Add. For more information, see “Configuring LAN WAN Rules” on this page, “Configuring DMZ WAN Rules” on page 4-12, and “Configuring LAN DMZ Rules” on

page 4-13.

Configuring LAN WAN Rules

The default outbound policy is to allow all traffic to the Internet to pass through. Firewall rules can then be applied to block specific types of traffic from going out from the LAN to the Internet (outbound). The default policy of Allow Always can be changed to block all outbound traffic which then allows you to enable only specific services to pass through the VPN firewall.

To change the default outbound policy:

1. Select Security from the main menu and Firewall Rules from the submenu. The LAN WAN Rules screen displays (see Figure 4-1 on page 4-8).

2. Change the Default Outbound Policy by selecting Block Always from the pull-down menu.

3. Click Apply.

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LAN WAN Outbound Services Rules

You may define rules that will specify exceptions to the default rules. By adding custom rules, you can block or allow access based on the service or application, source or destination IP addresses, and time of day. The outbound rule will block the selected application from any internal IP LAN address to any external WAN IP address according to the schedule created in the Schedule menu.

You can also tailor these rules to your specific needs (see “Administrator Tips” on page 4-42).

Note: This feature is for advanced administrators only! Incorrect configuration will cause

serious problems.

To create a new LAN WAN outbound service rule:

1. In the LAN WAN Rules screen, click Add under the Outbound Services table. The Add LAN WAN Outbound Service screen displays...

Figure 4-2

2. Configure the settings based on the descriptions in Table 4-1 on page 4-3.

3. Click Apply to save your changes and reset the fields on this screen. The new rule will be listed in the Outbound Services table.

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LAN WAN Inbound Services Rules

This Inbound Services table lists all existing rules for inbound traffic. If you have not defined any rules, no rules will be listed. By default, all inbound traffic is blocked. Remember that allowing inbound services opens holes in your VPN firewall. Only enable those ports that are necessary for your network.

To create a new LAN WAN inbound service rule:

1. In the LAN WAN Rules screen, click Add under the Inbound Services table. The Add LAN WAN Inbound Service screen displays.

Figure 4-3

2. Configure the settings based on the descriptions in Table 4-2 on page 4-6.

3. Click Apply to save your changes and reset the fields on this screen. The new rule will be listed in the Inbound Services table.

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Configuring DMZ WAN Rules

The firewall rules for traffic between the DMZ and the WAN/Internet are configured on the DMZ WAN Rules screen. The Default Outbound Policy is to allow all traffic from and to the Internet to pass through. Firewall rules can then be applied to block specific types of traffic from either going out from the DMZ to the Internet (outbound) or coming in from the Internet to the DMZ (inbound). The default outbound policy can be changed to block all outbound traffic and enable only specific services to pass through the VPN firewall by adding an outbound services rule.

To create a new DMZ WAN outbound service policy:

1. Select Security from the main menu and Firewall Rules from the submenu. The LAN WAN Rules screen displays.

2. Select the DMZ WAN Rules tab. The DMZ WAN Rules screen displays.

Figure 4-4

3. Click Add under the Outbound Services table. The Add DMZ WAN Outbound Service screen displays (see Figure 4-5 on page 4-13).

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Figure 4-5

4. Configure the settings based on the descriptions in Table 4-1 on page 4-3.

5. Click Apply. The new rule will appear in the Outbound Services table. The rule is

automatically enabled.

The procedure to add a new DMZ WAN inbound service policy is similar to the procedure described above with the exception that you click Add under the Inbound Services table, you configure the settings based on the descriptions in Table 4-2 on page 4-6, and the policy is added to the Inbound Services table.

Configuring LAN DMZ Rules

The LAN DMZ Rules screen allows you to create rules that define the movement of traffic between the LAN and the DMZ. The Default Outbound and Inbound Policies is to allow all traffic between the local LAN and DMZ network. Firewall rules can then be applied to block specific types of traffic from either going out from the LAN to the DMZ (outbound) or coming in from the DMZ to the LAN (inbound).

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To create a new LAN DMZ outbound service policy:

1. Select Security from the main menu and Firewall Rules from the submenu. The LAN WAN Rules screen displays.

2. Select the LAN DMZ Rules tab. The LAN DMZ Rules screen displays.

Figure 4-6

3. Click Add under the Outbound Services table. The Add LAN DMZ Outbound Service screen displays.

Figure 4-7

4. Configure the settings based on the descriptions in Table 4-1 on page 4-3.

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5. Click Apply. The new rule will appear in the Outbound Services table. The rule is automatically enabled.

The procedure to add a new LAN DMZ inbound service policy is similar to the procedure described above with the exception that you click Add under the Inbound Services table, you configure the settings based on the descriptions in Table 4-2 on page 4-6, and the policy is added to the Inbound Services table.

Inbound Rules Examples

LAN WAN Inbound Rule: Hosting a Local Public Web Server

If you host a public Web server on your local network, you can define a rule to allow inbound Web (HTTP) requests from any outside IP address to the IP address of your Web server at any time of day.

Figure 4-8

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LAN WAN Inbound Rule: Allowing Videoconference from Restricted Addresses

If you want to allow incoming videoconferencing to be initiated from a restricted range of outside IP addresses, such as from a branch office, you can create an inbound rule.

Figure 4-9

In the example, CU-SeeMe connections are allowed only from a specified range of external IP addresses.

LAN WAN or DMZ WAN Inbound Rule: Setting Up One-to-One NAT Mapping

If you arrange with your ISP to have more than one public IP address for your use, you can use the additional public IP addresses to map to servers on your LAN or DMZ. One of these public IP addresses will be used as the primary IP address of the VPN firewall. This address will be used to provide Internet access to your LAN PCs through NAT. The other addresses are available to map to your servers.

In the example shown in Figure 4-10 on page 4-17, we have configured multi-NAT to support multiple public IP addresses on one WAN interface. The inbound rule instructs the VPN firewall to host an additional public IP address (10.1.0.5) and to associate this address with the Web server on the LAN (at 192.168.1.1). We also instruct the VPN firewall to translate the incoming HTTP port number (port 80) to a different port number (port 8080).

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Figure 4-10

The following addressing scheme is used in this example:

• VPN firewall FVS318G – WAN primary public IP address: 10.1.0.1 – WAN additional public IP address: 10.1.0.5 – LAN IP address 192.168.1.1

• Web server PC on the VPN firewall’s LAN – LAN IP address: 192.168.1.11 – Port number for Web service: 8080

To test the connection from a PC on the WAN side, type http://10.1.0.5. The home page of the Web server should appear.

LAN WAN or DMZ WAN Inbound Rule: Specifying an Exposed Host

Specifying an exposed host allows you to set up a computer or server that is available to anyone on the Internet for services that you have not yet defined.

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To expose one of the PCs on your LAN or DMZ as this host:

1. Create an inbound rule that allows all protocols.

2. Place the rule below all other inbound rules.

Note: For security, NETGEAR strongly recommends that you avoid creating an exposed

host. When a computer is designated as the exposed host, it loses much of the protection of the firewall and is exposed to many exploits from the Internet. If compromised, the computer can be used to attack your network.

1. Select Any and Allow Always (or Allow by Schedule)

2. Place rule below all other inbound rules

Figure 4-11

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Outbound Rules Example

Outbound rules let you prevent users from using applications such as Instant Messenger, Real Audio or other non-essential sites.

LAN WAN Outbound Rule: Blocking Instant Messenger

If you want to block Instant Messenger usage by employees during working hours, you can create an outbound rule to block that application from any internal IP address to any external address according to the schedule that you have created in the Schedule menu.

Figure 4-12

You can also have the VPN firewall log any attempt to use Instant Messenger during that blocked period.

Configuring Other Firewall Features

You can configure attack checks, set session limits, and manage the Application Level Gateway (ALG) for SIP sessions.

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Attack Checks

The Attack Checks screen allows you to specify whether or not the VPN firewall should be protected against common attacks in the DMZ, LAN and WAN networks. To enable the appropriate attack checks for your environment:

1. Select Security from the main menu and Firewall Rules from the submenu. The LAN WAN Rules screen displays.

2. Click the Attack Checks tab. The Attack Checks screen displays.

Figure 4-13

3. Check the boxes for the Attack Checks you wish to monitor. The various types of attack checks are listed and defined below. Click Apply to save your settings.

The various types of attack checks listed on the Attack Checks screen are:

• WAN Security Checks

– Respond To Ping On Internet Ports. By default, the VPN firewall responds to an ICMP

Echo (ping) packet coming from the Internet or WAN side. Responding to a ping can be a useful diagnostic tool when there are connectivity problems. If the ping option is enabled, you can allow either any IP address or a specific IP address only to respond to a ping. You can disable the ping option to prevent hackers from easily discovering the VPN firewall via a ping.

– Enable Stealth Mode. In stealth mode, the VPN firewall will not respond to port scans

from the WAN or Internet, which makes it less susceptible to discovery and attacks.

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– Block TCP Flood. A SYN flood is a form of denial of service attack in which an attacker

sends a succession of SYN requests to a target system. When the system responds, the attacker does not complete the connection, thus saturating the server with half-open connections. No legitimate connections can then be made.

When blocking is enabled, the VPN firewall will limit the lifetime of partial connections and will be protected from a SYN flood attack.

• LAN Security Checks

– Block UDP flood. A UDP flood is a form of denial of service attack in which the

attacking machine sends a large number of UDP packets to random ports to the victim host. As a result, the victim host will check for the application listening at that port, see that no application is listening at that port, and reply with an ICMP Destination Unreachable packet.

When the victimized system is flooded, it is forced to send many ICMP packets, eventually making it unreachable by other clients. The attacker may also spoof the IP address of the UDP packets, ensuring that the excessive ICMP return packets do not reach him, making the attacker’s network location anonymous.

If flood checking is enabled, the VPN firewall will not accept more than 20 simultaneous, active UDP connections from a single computer on the LAN.

– Disable Ping Reply on LAN Ports. To prevent the VPN firewall from responding to ping

requests from the LAN, click this checkbox.

• VPN Pass through. When the VPN firewall functions in NAT mode, all packets going to the Remote VPN Gateway are first filtered through NAT and then encrypted per the VPN policy.

If a VPN client or gateway on the LAN side of the VPN firewall wants to connect to another VPN endpoint on the WAN, with the VPN firewall between the two VPN end points, all encrypted packets will be sent to the VPN firewall. Since the VPN firewall filters the encrypted packets through NAT, the packets become invalid.

IPsec, PPTP, and L2TP represent different types of VPN tunnels that can pass through the VPN firewall. To allow the VPN traffic to pass through without filtering, enable those options for the type of tunnel(s) that will pass through the VPN firewall.

• Multicast Pass through. IGMP is a communications protocol used to manage IP multicast groups. Checking this option results in IGMP Proxy being enabled for WAN (upstream) and LAN (downstream) interfaces. If checked, the router will keep track of IGMP group membership reports from LAN hosts joining and leaving the group. The relevant multicast traffic will be forwarded from WAN to LAN.

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Setting Session Limits

Session Limit allows you to specify the total number of sessions allowed, per user, over an IP (Internet Protocol) connection across the VPN firewall. This feature is enabled on the Session Limit screen and shown below in Figure 4-14. Session Limit is disabled by default.

To set session limits:

1. Select Security from the main menu and Firewall Rules from the submenu. The LAN WAN Rules screen displays.

2. Click the Session Limit tab. The Session Limit screen displays..

Figure 4-14

3. Click the Yes radio button under Do you want to enable Session Limit?

4. From the User Limit Parameter pull-down menu, define the maximum number of sessions

per IP either as a percentage of maximum sessions or as an absolute. The percentage is computed on the total connection capacity of the device.

5. Enter the User Limit. If the User Limit Parameter is set to Percentage of Max Sessions, this is the maximum number of sessions allowed from a single source machine as a percentage of the total connection capacity. (Session Limit is per machine based.) Otherwise, if the User Limit Parameter is set to Number of Sessions, the user limit is an absolute value.

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Note: Some protocols (such as FTP or RSTP) create two sessions per connection

which should be considered when configuring Session Limiting.

The Total Number of Packets Dropped due to Session Limit field shows total number of packets dropped when session limit is reached.

6. In the Session Timeout section, modify the TCP, UDP and ICMP timeout values as you require. A session will expire if no data for the session is received for the duration of the timeout value. The default timeout values are 1200 seconds for TCP sessions, 180 seconds for UDP sessions, and 8 seconds for ICMP sessions.

7. Click Apply to save your settings.

Managing the Application Level Gateway for SIP Sessions

The Application Level Gateway (ALG) facilitates multimedia sessions such as voice over IP (VoIP) sessions that use the Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) across the firewall and provides support for multiple SIP clients. ALG support for SIP is disabled by default.

To enable ALG for SIP:

1. Select Security from the main menu and Firewall Rules from the submenu. The LAN WAN Rules screen displays.

2. Click the Advanced tab. The Advanced screen displays.

Figure 4-15

3. Select the Enable SIP ALG checkbox.

4. Click Apply to save your settings.

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Creating Services, QoS Profiles, and Bandwidth Profiles

When you create inbound and outbound firewall rules, you use firewall objects such as services, QoS profiles, bandwidth profiles, and schedules to narrow down the firewall rules:

• Services. A service narrows down the firewall rule to an application and a port number. For information about adding services, see “Adding Customized Services” on page 4-24.

• QoS profiles. A quality of service (QoS) profile defines the relative priority of an IP packet for traffic that matches the firewall rule. For information about creating QoS profiles, see

“Specifying Quality of Service (QoS) Priorities” on page 4-26.

• Bandwidth Profiles. A bandwidth profile allocates and limits traffic bandwidth for the LAN users to which a firewall rule is applied. For information about creating bandwidth profiles, see “Creating Bandwidth Profiles” on page 4-27.

Note: A schedule narrows down the period during which a firewall rule is applied. For

information about specifying schedules, see “Setting a Schedule to Block or Allow

Specific Traffic” on page 4-29.

Adding Customized Services

Services are functions performed by server computers at the request of client computers. You can configure up to 125 custom services.

For example, Web servers serve Web pages, time servers serve time and date information, and game hosts serve data about other players’ moves. When a computer on the Internet sends a request for service to a server computer, the requested service is identified by a service or port number. This number appears as the destination port number in the transmitted IP packets. For example, a packet that is sent with destination port number 80 is an HTTP (Web server) request.

The service numbers for many common protocols are defined by the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) and published in RFC1700, “Assigned Numbers.” Service numbers for other applications are typically chosen from the range 1024 to 65535 by the authors of the application.

Although the VPN firewall already holds a list of many service port numbers, you are not limited to these choices. Use the Services screen to add additional services and applications to the list for use in defining firewall rules. The Services screen shows a list of services that you have defined, as shown in Figure 4-16 on page 4-25.

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To define a new service, first you must determine which port number or range of numbers is used by the application. This information can usually be determined by contacting the publisher of the application or from user groups of newsgroups. When you have the port number information, you can enter it on the Services screen.

To add a customized service:

1. Select Security from the main menu and Services from the submenu. The Services screen displays.

Figure 4-16

2. In the Add Custom Services section of the screen, specify a new service: a. Enter a descriptive name for the service (this is for your convenience). b. Select the Layer 3 Protocol that the service uses as its transport protocol. It can be TCP,

UDP or ICMP.

c. Enter the first TCP or UDP port of the range that the service uses. If the service uses only

one port, then the Start Port and the Finish Port will be the same.

d. Enter the last port of the range that the service uses. If the service only uses a single port

number, enter the same number in both fields.

3. Click Add. The new custom service will be added to the Custom Services Table.

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Modifying a Service

To edit the settings of a service:

1. In the Custom Services Table, click the Edit icon adjacent to the service you want to edit. The Edit Service screen displays.

Figure 4-17

2. Modify the settings you wish to change.

3. Click Reset to cancel the changes and restore the previous settings or click Apply to confirm your changes. The modified service displays in the Custom Services Table.

Specifying Quality of Service (QoS) Priorities

The Quality of Service (QoS) Priorities setting determines the priority of a service, which in turn, determines the quality of that service for the traffic passing through the firewall. The user can change this priority

• On the Services screen in the Custom Services Table for customized services (see

Figure 4-16).

• On the Add LAN WAN Outbound Services screen (see Figure 4-2 on page 4-10).

• On the Add DMZ WAN Outbound Services screen (see Figure 4-5 on page 4-13).

The QoS priority definition for a service determines the queue that is used for the traffic passing through the VPN firewall. A priority is assigned to IP packets using this service. Priorities are defined by the “Type of Service (ToS) in the Internet Protocol Suite” standards, RFC 1349.

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A ToS priority for traffic passing through the VPN firewall is one of the following:

• Normal-Service. No special priority given to the traffic. The IP packets for services with this priority are marked with a ToS value of 0.

• Minimize-Cost. Used when data has to be transferred over a link that has a lower “cost”. The IP packets for services with this priority are marked with a ToS value of 1.

• Maximize-Reliability. Used when data needs to travel to the destination over a reliable link and with little or no retransmission. The IP packets for services with this priority are marked with a ToS value of 2.

• Maximize-Throughput. Used when the volume of data transferred during an interval is important even if the latency over the link is high. The IP packets for services with this priority are marked with a ToS value of 4.

• Minimize-Delay. Used when the time required (latency) for the packet to reach the destination must be low. The IP packets for services with this priority are marked with a ToS value of 8.

Creating Bandwidth Profiles

Bandwidth limiting determines the way in which data is communicated with your host. The purpose of bandwidth limiting is to provide a method for limiting traffic, thus preventing LAN users from consuming all the bandwidth on your broadband link. Bandwidth limiting does not apply to the DMZ interface.

For example, when a new connection is established by a device, the device will locate the firewall rule corresponding to the connection.

• If the rule has a bandwidth profile specification, then the device will create a bandwidth class in the kernel.

• If multiple connections correspond to the same firewall rule, they will share the same class.

An exception occurs for an individual bandwidth profile if the classes are per source IP. The source IP is the IP of the first packet of the connection:

The class is deleted when all the connections using the class expire.

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To add a bandwidth profile:

1. Select Security from the main menu and Bandwidth Profile from the submenu. The Bandwidth Profile screen displays.

Figure 4-18

2. Click Add to add a new bandwidth profile. The Add New Bandwidth Profile screen displays.

Figure 4-19

3. Enter the following information: a. Enter a Profile Name. This name will become available in the firewall rules definition

menus.

b. From the Direction pull-down menu, select whether the profile will apply to outbound,

inbound, or both outbound and inbound traffic.

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c. Depending on the direction that you selected, enter the minimum and maximum

bandwidths to be allowed:

• Enter the Outbound Minimum Bandwidth and Outbound Maximum Bandwidth

in Kbps.

• Enter the Inbound Minimum Bandwidth and Inbound Maximum Bandwidth in

Kbps.

The minimum bandwidth can range from 0 Kbps to the maximum bandwidth that you specify. The maximum bandwidth can range from 100 Kbps to 100,000 Kbps.

d. From the Type pull-down menu, select whether the profile will apply to a group or

individual.

4. Click Apply. The new bandwidth profile will be added to the List of Bandwidth Profiles table.

To edit a bandwidth profile:

1. Click the Edit button adjacent to the profile you want to edit. The Edit Bandwidth Profile screen is displayed. (This screen shows the same fields as the Add New Bandwidth Profile screen.)

2. Modify the settings that you wish to change.

3. Click Apply. Your modified profile displays in the List of Bandwidth Profiles table.

To remove an entry from the table, select the profile and click delete. To remove all the profiles, click select All and then click delete.

Setting a Schedule to Block or Allow Specific Traffic

Schedules define the timeframes under which firewall rules may be applied. Three schedules, Schedule 1, Schedule 2 and Schedule3 can be defined, and any one of these can

be selected when defining firewall rules. To invoke rules based on a schedule, follow these steps:

1. Select Security from the main menu and Schedule from the submenu. The Schedule 1 screen displays (see Figure 4-20 on page 4-30).

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Figure 4-20

2. Check the radio button for All Days or Specific Days. If you chose Specific Days, check the radio button for each day you want the schedule to be in effect.

3. Check the radio button to schedule the time of day: All Day, or Specific Times. If you chose Specific Times, enter the Start Time and End Time fields (Hour, Minute, AM/PM), which

will limit access during certain times for the selected days.

4. Click Apply to save your settings to Schedule 1.

Repeat these steps to set to a schedule for Schedule 2 and Schedule 3.

Blocking Internet Sites (Content Filtering)

If you want to restrict internal LAN users from access to certain sites on the Internet, you can use the VPN firewall’s Content Filtering and Web Components filtering. By default, these features are disabled; all requested traffic from any website is allowed. If you enable one or more of these features and users try to access a blocked site, they will see a “Blocked by NETGEAR” message.

Several types of blocking are available:

• Web Components blocking. You can block the following Web component types: Proxy, Java, ActiveX, and Cookies. Some of these components are can be used by malicious Websites to infect computers that access them. Even sites on the Trusted Domains list will be subject to Web Components blocking when the blocking of a particular Web component is enabled.

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– Proxy. A proxy server (or simply, proxy) allows computers to route connections to other

computers through the proxy, thus circumventing certain firewall rules. For example, if connections to a specific IP address are blocked by a firewall rule, the requests can be routed through a proxy that is not blocked by the rule, rendering the restriction ineffective. Enabling this feature blocks proxy servers.

– Java. Blocks java applets from being downloaded from pages that contain them. Java

applets are small programs embedded in Web pages that enable dynamic functionality of the page. A malicious applet can be used to compromise or infect computers. Enabling this setting blocks Java applets from being downloaded.

– ActiveX. Similar to Java applets, ActiveX controls install on a Windows computer

running Internet Explorer. A malicious ActiveX control can be used to compromise or infect computers. Enabling this setting blocks ActiveX applets from being downloaded.

– Cookies. Cookies are used to store session information by websites that usually require

login. However, several websites use cookies to store tracking information and browsing habits. Enabling this option filters out cookies from being created by a website..

Note: Many websites require that cookies be accepted in order for the site to be

accessed properly. Blocking cookies may interfere with useful functions provided by these websites.

• Keyword Blocking (Domain Name Blocking). You can specify up to 32 words that, should they appear in the website name (URL) or in a newsgroup name, will cause that site or newsgroup to be blocked by the VPN firewall.

You can apply the keywords to one or more groups. Requests from the PCs in the groups for which keyword blocking has been enabled will be blocked. Blocking does not occur for the PCs that are in the groups for which keyword blocking has not been enabled.

You can bypass keyword blocking for trusted domains by adding the exact matching domain to the list of Trusted Domains. Access to the domains or keywords on this list by PCs, even those in the groups for which keyword blocking has been enabled, will still be allowed without any blocking.

Keyword application examples:

• If the keyword “XXX” is specified, the URL <http://www.badstuff.com/xxx.html> is blocked, as is the newsgroup alt.pictures.XXX.

• If the keyword “.com” is specified, only Web sites with other domain suffixes (such as .edu or .gov) can be viewed.

• If you wish to block all Internet browsing access, enter the keyword “.”.

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To enable Content Filtering:

1. Select Security from the main menu and Block Sites from the submenu. The Block Sites screen displays.

Figure 4-21

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2. Check the Yes radio button to enable content filtering.

3. Click Apply to activate the screen controls.

4. Check the radio boxes of any Web components you wish to block.

5. Check the radio buttons of the groups to which you wish to apply keyword blocking. Click Enable to activate keyword blocking (or disable to deactivate keyword blocking).

6. Build your list of blocked keywords or domain names in the Blocked Keyword fields. After

each entry, click Add. The keyword or domain name will be added to the Blocked Keywords table. (You can also edit an entry by clicking Edit in the Action column adjacent to the entry.)

7. Build a list of trusted domains in the Trusted Domains fields. After each entry, click Add. The trusted domain will appear in the Trusted Domains table. (You can also edit any entry by clicking Edit in the Action column adjacent to the entry.)

Configuring Source MAC Filtering

Source MAC filtering allows you to filter out traffic coming from certain known machines or devices.

• By default, the source MAC address filter is disabled. All the traffic received from PCs with any MAC address is allowed.

• When enabled, traffic will be dropped coming from any computers or devices whose MAC addresses are listed in MAC Addresses table.

Note: For additional ways of restricting outbound traffic, see “Outbound Rules (Service

Blocking)” on page 4-3.

To enable MAC filtering and add MAC addresses to be blocked:

1. Select Security from the main menu and Address Filter from the submenu. The Source MAC Filter screen displays (see Figure 4-22 on page 4-34).

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Figure 4-22

2. Check the Yes radio box in the MAC Filtering Enable section.

3. Select the action to be taken on outbound traffic from the listed MAC addresses:

• Block this list and permit all other MAC addresses.

• Permit this list and block all other MAC addresses.

4. Enter a MAC Address in the Add Source MAC Address checkbox and click Add. The MAC address will appear in the MAC Addresses table. Repeat this process to add additional MAC addresses.

A valid MAC address is six colon-separated pairs of hexadecimal digits (0 to 9 and a to f). For example: 01:23:45:ab:cd:ef.

5. Click Reset to cancel a MAC address entry before adding it to the table or click Apply to save your settings.

You can edit the MAC address by clicking Edit in the Action column adjacent to the MAC Address.

To remove an entry from the table, select the MAC address entry and click Delete. To select all the list of MAC addresses, click Select All. A checkmark will appear in the box to the

left of each MAC address in the MAC Addresses table

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Configuring IP/MAC Address Binding

IP/MAC binding allows you to bind an IP address to a MAC address and the other way around. Some devices are configured with static addresses. To prevent users from changing their static IP addresses, IP/MAC binding must be enabled on the VPN firewall. If the VPN firewall detects packets with a matching IP address, but with the inconsistent MAC address (or the other way around), it will drop these packets. If users have enabled the logging option for IP/MAC binding, these packets will be logged before they are dropped. The VPN firewallwill then display the total number of dropped packets that violated either the IP-to-MAC binding or the MAC-to-IP binding.

Following is an example: Assume that three computers on the LAN are set up as follows:

• Host1: MAC address (00:01:02:03:04:05) and IP address (192.168.10.10)

• Host2: MAC address (00:01:02:03:04:06) and IP address (192.168.10.11)

• Host3: MAC address (00:01:02:03:04:07) and IP address (192.168.10.12)

If all the above host entries are added to the IP/MAC Binding table, the following scenarios indicate the possible outcome.

• Host1: Matching IP address and MAC address in the IP/MAC Bindings table.

• Host2: Matching IP address but inconsistent MAC address in the IP/MAC Bindings table.

• Host3: Matching MAC address but inconsistent IP address in the IP/MAC Bindings table.

The VPN firewall will block the traffic coming from Host2 and Host3, but allow the traffic coming from Host1 to any external network. The total count of dropped packets will be displayed.

To enable IP/MAC binding and add IP and MAC addresses for binding:

1. Select Security from the main menu and Address Filter from the submenu.

2. Select the IP/MAC Binding tab. The IP/MAC Binding screen displays (see Figure 4-23 on

page 4-36).

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Figure 4-23

3. Select the Yes radio box and click Apply. Make sure that you have enabled the e-maling of logs (see “Activating Notification of Events and Alerts” on page 6-23).

4. Add an IP/MAC Bind rule by entering: a. Name. Specify an easily identifiable name for this rule. b. MAC Address. Specify the MAC Address for this rule. c. IP Addresses. Specify the IP Address for this rule. d. Log Dropped Packets. Select the logging option for this rule from the pull-down menu.

5. Click Add. The new IP/MAC binding rule will be appear the IP/MAC Bindings table.

The IP/MAC Bindings table lists the currently defined IP/MAC binding rules:

• Name. Displays the user-defined name for this rule.

• MAC Addresses. Displays the MAC Addresses for this rule.

• IP Addresses. Displays the IP Addresses for this rule.

• Log Dropped Packets. Displays the logging option for this rule.

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To edit an IP/MAC binding rule, click Edit adjacent to the entry. The following fields of an existing IP/MAC binding rule can be modified:

• MAC Address. Specify the MAC Address for this rule.

• IP Addresses. Specify the IP Address for this rule.

• Log Dropped Packets. Specify the logging option for this rule.

To remove an entry from the table, select the IP/MAC binding entry and click Delete. To see the counter that shows the packets that were dropped because of IP-MAC binding

violations and to set the poll interval, click the Set Poll Interval option arrow at the top of the IP/MAC Binding screen.

Configuring Port Triggering

Port triggering allows some applications to function correctly that would otherwise be partially blocked by the VPN firewall when it functions in NAT mode. Some applications require that when external devices connect to them, they receive data on a specific port or range of ports. The VPN firewall must send all incoming data for that application only on the required port or range of ports. Using this feature requires that you know the port numbers used by the application.

Port triggering allows computers on the private network (LAN) to request that one or more ports be forwarded to them. Unlike basic port forwarding which forwards ports to only one preconfigured IP address, port triggering waits for an outbound request from the private network on one of the defined outgoing ports. It then automatically sets up forwarding to the IP address that sent the request. When the application ceases to transmit data over the port, the VPN firewall waits for a timeout interval and then closes the port or range of ports, making them available to other computers on the private network.

Once configured, port triggering operates as follows:

1. A PC makes an outgoing connection using a port number defined in the Port Triggering table.

2. The VPN firewall records this connection, opens the additional incoming port or ports associated with this entry in the Port Triggering table, and associates them with the PC.

3. The remote system receives the PCs request and responds using the different port numbers that you have now opened.

4. The VPN firewall matches the response to the previous request, and forwards the response to the PC.

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Without port triggering, this response would be treated as a new connection request rather than a response. As such, it would be handled in accordance with the port forwarding rules.

Note these restrictions with port triggering:

• Only one PC can use a port triggering application at any time.

• After a PC has finished using a port triggering application, there is a time-out period before the application can be used by another PC. This is required because the VPN firewall cannot detect when the application has terminated.

Note: For additional ways of allowing inbound traffic, see “Inbound Rules (Port

Forwarding)” on page 4-5.

To add a port triggering Rule:

1. Select Security from the main menu and Port Triggering from the submenu. The Port Triggering screen displays.

Figure 4-24

2. Enter a user-defined name for this rule in the Name field.

3. From the Enable pull-down menu, indicate if the rule is enabled or disabled.

4. From the Protocol pull-down menu, select either the TCP or UDP protocol.

5. In the Outgoing (Trigger) Port Range fields:

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a. Enter the Start Port range (1 - 65534). b. Enter the End Port range (1 - 65534).

6. In the Incoming (Response) Port Range fields: a. Enter the Start Port range (1 - 65534). b. Enter the End Port range (1 - 65534).

7. Click Add. The Port Triggering Rule will be added to the Port Triggering table.

To edit or modify a rule:

1. Click Edit in the Action column opposite the rule you wish to edit. The Edit Port Triggering Rule screen displays.

Figure 4-25

2. Modify any of the fields for this rule.

3. Click Reset to cancel any changes and return to the previous settings or click Apply to save your modifications. Your changes will appear in the Port Triggering table.

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To check the status of the port triggering rules, click the Status option arrow on the Port Triggering screen.

Figure 4-26

Configuring UPnP (Universal Plug and Play)

The UPnP (Universal Plug and Play) feature allows the VPN Firewall to automatically discover and configure the devices when it searches over LAN and WAN.

1. To access the UPnP screen, click Security > UPnP in the main/submenu. The UPnP screen is displayed.

Figure 4-27

2. To enable the UPnP feature, click the Yes radio button. (The feature is enabled by default.) To disable the feature, click or No.

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3. Configure the following fields: – Advertisement Period. Enter the period in minutes that specified how often the VPN

firewall should broadcast its UPnP information to all devices within its range.

– Advertisement Time to Live. Enter a number that specifies how many steps (hops) each

UPnP packet is allowed to propagate before being discarded. Small values will limit the UPnP broadcast range.

4. Click Apply to save your settings. The UPnP Portmap Table shows the IP addresses and other settings of UPnP devices that

have accessed the VPN firewall. – Active. A Yes or No indicates if the UPnP device port that established a connection is

currently active.

– Protocol. Indicates the network protocol such as HTTP or FTP that is used by the device

to connect to the VPN firewall.

– Int. Port. Indicates if any internal ports are opened by the UPnP device. – Ext. Port. Indicates if any external ports are opened by the UPnP device. – IP Address. Lists the IP address of the UPnP device accessing the VPN firewall.

To refresh the contents of the UPnP Portmap Table, click refresh.

Email Notifications of Event Logs and Alerts

The firewall logs can be configured to log and then email denial of access, general attack information, and other information to a specified email address. For example, your VPN firewall will log security-related events such as: accepted and dropped packets on different segments of your LAN; denied incoming and outgoing service requests; hacker probes and login attempts; and other general information based on the settings that you enter on the Firewall Logs & E-mail screen. In addition, if you have set up content filtering on the Block Sites screen (see “Blocking

Internet Sites (Content Filtering)” on page 4-30), a log will be generated when someone on your

network tries to access a blocked site. To configure email or syslog notification, or to view the logs, see “Activating Notification of

Events and Alerts” on page 6-23.

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Administrator Tips

Consider the following operational items:

• As an option, you can enable remote management if you have to manage distant sites from a central location (see “Configuring an External Server for Authentication” on page 6-11).

• Although rules (see “Using Rules to Block or Allow Specific Kinds of Traffic” on page 4-2) is the basic way of managing the traffic through your system, you can further refine your control with the following optional features of the VPN firewall:

– Groups and hosts (see “Managing Groups and Hosts (LAN Groups)” on page 3-5) – Services (see “Services-Based Rules” on page 4-3)

– Schedules (see “Setting a Schedule to Block or Allow Specific Traffic” on page 4-29) – Block sites (see “Blocking Internet Sites (Content Filtering)” on page 4-30) – Source MAC filtering (see “Configuring Source MAC Filtering” on page 4-33) – Port triggering (see “Configuring Port Triggering” on page 4-37)

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Chapter 5

Virtual Private Networking

This chapter describes how to use the virtual private networking (VPN) features of the ProSafe Gigabit 8 Port VPN Firewall FVS318G.

This chapter includes the following sections:

• “Using the VPN Wizard for Client and Gateway Configurations” on this page

• “Testing the Connections and Viewing Status Information” on page 5-11

• “Managing VPN Policies” on page 5-15

• “Managing Certificates” on page 5-30

• “Configuring Extended Authentication (XAUTH)” on page 5-39

• “Assigning IP Addresses to Remote Users (ModeConfig)” on page 5-44

• “Configuring Keepalives and Dead Peer Detection” on page 5-53

• “Configuring NetBIOS Bridging with VPN” on page 5-55

Using the VPN Wizard for Client and Gateway Configurations

You use the VPN Wizard to configure multiple gateway or client VPN tunnel policies. The section below provides wizard and NETGEAR VPN Client configuration procedures for the

following scenarios:

• Using the wizard to configure a VPN tunnel between two VPN gateways

• Using the wizard to configure a VPN tunnel between a VPN gateway and a VPN client

Configuring a VPN tunnel connection requires that all settings on both sides of the VPN tunnel match or mirror each other precisely, which can be a daunting task. The VPN Wizard efficiently guides you through the setup procedure with a series of questions that will determine the IPsec keys and VPN policies it sets up. The VPN Wizard will also set the settings for the network connection: Security Association, traffic selectors, authentication algorithm, and encryption. The settings used by the VPN wizard are based on the recommendations of the VPN Consortium (VPNC), an organization that promotes multi-vendor VPN interoperability.

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Creating Gateway to Gateway VPN Tunnels with the Wizard

Figure 5-1

Follow these steps to set up a gateway VPN tunnel using the VPN Wizard.

1. Select VPN from the main menu and VPN Wizard from the submenu. The VPN Wizard screen displays.

Figure 5-2

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Netgear GS108 Users Manual

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual

Contents

About This Manual

Conventions, Formats and Scope

How to Print This Manual

Key Features

Advanced VPN Support for IPsec

A Powerful, True Firewall with Content Filtering

Security Features

Autosensing Ethernet Connections with Auto Uplink

Extensive Protocol Support

Easy Installation and Management

Maintenance and Support

Package Contents

VPN Firewall Front and Rear Panels

Default IP Address, Login Name, and Password

Qualified Web Browsers

Understanding the Connection Steps

Logging into the VPN Firewall

Navigating the Menus

Configuring the Internet Connection to Your ISP

Manually Configuring Your Internet Connection

Configuring the WAN Mode

Network Address Translation

Classical Routing

Configuring Dynamic DNS

Configuring the Advanced Broadband Options

Additional WAN Related Configuration

Choosing the VPN Firewall DHCP Options

Configuring the LAN Setup Options

Managing Groups and Hosts (LAN Groups)

Creating the Network Database

Viewing the Network Database

Adding Devices to the Network Database

Changing Group Names in the LAN Groups Database

Setting Up DHCP Address Reservation

Configuring Multi Home LAN IP Addresses

Configuring and Enabling the DMZ Port

Configuring Static Routes

Static Route Example

Configuring Routing Information Protocol (RIP)

About Firewall Protection and Content Filtering

Using Rules to Block or Allow Specific Kinds of Traffic

Services-Based Rules

Outbound Rules (Service Blocking)

Inbound Rules (Port Forwarding)

Viewing Rules and Order of Precedence for Rules

Configuring LAN WAN Rules

LAN WAN Outbound Services Rules

LAN WAN Inbound Services Rules

Configuring DMZ WAN Rules

Configuring LAN DMZ Rules

Inbound Rules Examples

LAN WAN Inbound Rule: Hosting a Local Public Web Server

LAN WAN Inbound Rule: Allowing Videoconference from Restricted Addresses

LAN WAN or DMZ WAN Inbound Rule: Setting Up One-to-One NAT Mapping

LAN WAN or DMZ WAN Inbound Rule: Specifying an Exposed Host

Outbound Rules Example

LAN WAN Outbound Rule: Blocking Instant Messenger

Configuring Other Firewall Features

Attack Checks

Setting Session Limits

Managing the Application Level Gateway for SIP Sessions

Creating Services, QoS Profiles, and Bandwidth Profiles

Adding Customized Services

Modifying a Service

Specifying Quality of Service (QoS) Priorities

Creating Bandwidth Profiles

Setting a Schedule to Block or Allow Specific Traffic

Blocking Internet Sites (Content Filtering)

Configuring Source MAC Filtering

Configuring IP/MAC Address Binding

Configuring Port Triggering

Configuring UPnP (Universal Plug and Play)

Email Notifications of Event Logs and Alerts

Administrator Tips

Using the VPN Wizard for Client and Gateway Configurations