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tiBase 1.1
User Manual
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Metrohm tiBase 1.1 User Manual

tiBase 1.1
Manual
8.101.8050EN
Metrohm AG CH-9100 Herisau Switzerland Phone +41 71 353 85 85 Fax +41 71 353 89 01 info@metrohm.com www.metrohm.com
tiBase 1.1
8.101.8050EN
Manual
09.2012 ek/fpe
Teachware Metrohm AG CH-9100 Herisau teachware@metrohm.com
This documentation is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
Although all the information given in this documentation has been checked with great care, errors cannot be entirely excluded. Should you notice any mistakes please send us your comments using the address given above.
Documentation in additional languages can be found on
http://documents.metrohm.com.
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Table of contents

1 Introduction 1
1.1 Welcome to tiBase ................................................................ 1
1.2 Application ............................................................................ 2
1.3 Operation .............................................................................. 2
1.4 Instrument integration ......................................................... 3
1.5 Database ................................................................................ 3
1.6 Communication ..................................................................... 4
1.7 Conformity ............................................................................ 4
1.8 Versions ................................................................................. 5
1.9 Online help ............................................................................ 6
2 General program functions 7
Table of contents
2.1 Program parts ....................................................................... 7
2.1.1 Program parts .......................................................................... 7
2.1.2 Database - User interface ......................................................... 7
2.1.3 Configuration - User interface .................................................. 8
2.2 Login/Password protection .................................................. 8
2.2.1 General information on login / password protection ................ 8
2.2.2 Logging in ............................................................................... 9
2.2.3 Logging out manually ............................................................ 10
2.2.4 Logging out automatically ..................................................... 10
2.2.5 Changing the password ......................................................... 10
2.3 Electronic signatures .......................................................... 11
2.3.1 Rules for electronic signatures ................................................ 11
2.3.2 Procedure for electronic signatures ........................................ 12
2.3.3 Signature Level 1 ................................................................... 13
2.3.4 Signature level 2 .................................................................... 14
2.3.5 Deleting signatures Level 2 .................................................... 16
2.4 Formula editor .................................................................... 17
2.4.1 Input field .............................................................................. 17
2.4.2 Calculation algorithms ........................................................... 18
2.4.3 Variables ............................................................................... 20
2.4.4 Operators/functions ............................................................... 33
2.4.5 Molar mass calculator ............................................................ 67
tiBase 1.1
2.5 Editing ................................................................................. 68
2.5.1 Select date ............................................................................ 68
2.5.2 Text editor ............................................................................. 68
2.5.3 Hyperlink ............................................................................... 69
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III
Table of contents
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3 Configuration 71
3.1 Configuration - General ..................................................... 71
3.1.1 Configuration - Definition ...................................................... 71
3.1.2 Configuration - User interface ................................................ 71
3.1.3 Configuration - Menu bar ...................................................... 72
3.1.4 Configuration - Toolbar ......................................................... 73
3.1.5 Configuration - Subwindows ................................................ 73
3.1.6 Configuration - Functions ...................................................... 74
3.1.7 View ...................................................................................... 75
3.2 Administration .................................................................... 75
3.2.1 User administration ............................................................... 75
3.2.2 Security settings ..................................................................... 83
3.2.3 Program administration ......................................................... 93
3.3 Configuration data ............................................................. 98
3.3.1 Export/import ........................................................................ 98
3.3.2 Back up/restore ................................................................... 100
3.3.3 Options ............................................................................... 102
3.4 Subwindow Import processes ......................................... 104
3.4.1 Import processes - General .................................................. 104
3.4.2 Import processes - Table ...................................................... 105
3.4.3 Import processes - Properties ............................................... 106
3.5 Subwindow Import protocol ........................................... 107
3.5.1 Import protocol - General .................................................... 107
3.5.2 Import protocol - Table ........................................................ 107
3.5.3 Import protocol - Properties ................................................. 109
4 Database 111
4.1 Database - General ........................................................... 111
4.1.1 Database - Definition ........................................................... 111
4.1.2 Database - User interface ..................................................... 111
4.1.3 Database - Menu bar ........................................................... 112
4.1.4 Database - Toolbar .............................................................. 116
4.1.5 Database - Subwindow ........................................................ 117
4.1.6 Database - Functions ........................................................... 118
4.1.7 Views .................................................................................. 119
4.2 Database display .............................................................. 122
4.2.1 Opening a database ............................................................ 122
4.2.2 Selecting a database ............................................................ 123
4.2.3 Displaying a single database ................................................ 124
4.2.4 Displaying databases next to one another ............................ 124
4.2.5 Displaying databases one above the other ........................... 124
4.2.6 Closing a database .............................................................. 124
4.3 Managing databases ........................................................ 125
4.3.1 Managing databases ........................................................... 125
4.3.2 Creating a new database ..................................................... 126
4.3.3 Renaming a database .......................................................... 126
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Table of contents
4.3.4 Deleting a database ............................................................. 127
4.3.5 Database properties ............................................................. 127
4.3.6 Backing up database manually ............................................. 130
4.3.7 Restoring the database ........................................................ 131
4.4 Templates .......................................................................... 133
4.4.1 Report templates ................................................................. 133
4.4.2 Curve overlay templates ....................................................... 169
4.4.3 Templates for control chart .................................................. 174
4.4.4 Export templates ................................................................. 178
4.5 Determination overview .................................................. 206
4.5.1 Determination overview - General ........................................ 206
4.5.2 Determination overview - Functions ..................................... 212
4.6 Subwindow Information .................................................. 257
4.6.1 Information - Overview ....................................................... 257
4.6.2 Information - Determination ............................................... 257
4.6.3 Information - Method ......................................................... 260
4.6.4 Information - Sample ........................................................... 261
4.6.5 Information - Configuration ................................................ 262
4.6.6 Information - Messages ...................................................... 265
4.6.7 Information - Determination comment ............................... 266
4.7 Results subwindow .......................................................... 266
4.7.1 Results - General .................................................................. 266
4.7.2 Results - Results overview .................................................... 266
4.7.3 Results - Raw data ............................................................... 268
4.7.4 Results - Calculation # ......................................................... 276
4.7.5 Results - Properties .............................................................. 278
4.8 Curves subwindow ........................................................... 279
4.8.1 Curves - General .................................................................. 279
4.8.2 Curves - Measuring point list ................................................ 280
4.8.3 Properties ............................................................................ 280
5 How to proceed? 292
5.1 Backup ............................................................................... 292
5.1.1 Backing up a database ......................................................... 292
5.1.2 Restoring the database ........................................................ 294
5.1.3 Backing up configuration data ............................................. 295
5.1.4 Restoring configuration data ................................................ 296
5.2 Determinations ................................................................. 297
5.2.1 Searching for determinations ............................................... 297
5.2.2 Filtering determinations ....................................................... 298
5.2.3 Signing determination ......................................................... 299
5.2.4 Exporting determinations ..................................................... 301
5.2.5 Importing determinations .................................................... 303
5.2.6 Deleting determinations ....................................................... 303
5.2.7 Making the determination version current ........................... 304
5.2.8 Reprocessing determinations ............................................... 305
5.2.9 Printing determination reports ............................................. 309
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Table of contents
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5.2.10 Printing determination overviews ......................................... 310
5.3 Databases .......................................................................... 311
5.3.1 Database in general ............................................................. 311
5.3.2 Opening a database ............................................................ 312
5.3.3 Closing a database .............................................................. 312
5.3.4 Creating a database ............................................................. 313
5.3.5 Backing up a database ......................................................... 314
5.3.6 Restoring the database ........................................................ 315
5.3.7 Deleting a database ............................................................. 316
5.4 Configuration data ........................................................... 317
5.4.1 Configuration data in general .............................................. 317
5.4.2 Exporting configuration data ............................................... 317
5.4.3 Importing configuration data ............................................... 318
5.4.4 Backing up configuration data ............................................. 318
5.4.5 Restoring configuration data ................................................ 320
5.5 Import of PC/LIMS reports .............................................. 321
5.5.1 Import - automatic .............................................................. 321
5.5.2 Import - manual .................................................................. 322
5.5.3 Editing the import ................................................................ 322
5.5.4 Import - one USB flash drive ................................................ 323
5.5.5 Import - several USB sticks ................................................... 325
5.5.6 Import - via RS Server .......................................................... 328
5.5.7 Import protocol - properties ................................................ 330
5.5.8 Deleting an import protocol ................................................. 330
5.6 Reports .............................................................................. 331
5.6.1 Creating report template .................................................... 331
5.6.2 Edit report template ............................................................ 332
5.6.3 Printing determination report .............................................. 334
5.6.4 Printing determination overview ......................................... 335
5.7 No help available .............................................................. 336
Index 337
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1 Introduction

1.1 Welcome to tiBase

Introduction

1 Introduction

tiBase 1.1
tiBase is a program for administrating analysis data on the basis of PC/ LIMS reports. The reports of the corresponding Metrohm instruments can be read into tiBase.
Overview of the main program features
￭ User interface: easy to operate and configure ￭ Application ￭ Comprehensive online help ￭ Program versions
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1.2 Application

1.2 Application
tiBase is a database program for administrating data on the basis of PC/ LIMS reports.
The reports generated by Titrino plus, Coulometer, PC Control, Touch Control, Ti-Touch und Compact Titrosampler can be read into tiBase.

1.3 Operation

Introduction
The modern user interface makes it simple for the user to find his/her way around tiBase. The bar on the left edge of the screen gives you access to the two basic elements of tiBase:
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Database
Depending on the access permissions, these buttons are either visible or invisible. The menu bar is in the upper part of the screen. It is also possible for the individual commands to be masked out, depending on the access permissions.
In the centre of the screen are the information windows with the determination overviews, curves, information or results. This view can be set individually for each user with the aid of the new Layout Manager. This means that the users only see the windows or buttons needed for their work. This reduces the introductory period for routine users to a min­imum; incorrect operation as a result of overcrowded screens are also a thing of the past.
Configura-
tion
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1.4 Instrument integration

Introduction
PC/LIMS reports can be read into tiBase by:
￭ Titrino plus
848, 870, 877
￭ Touch Control
840 (5.840.0150), 900
￭ Ti-Touch
915, 916
￭ PC Control ￭ 862 Compact Titrosampler ￭ 899 Coulometer

1.5 Database

Introduction
1 Introduction
tiBase is based on an object-oriented database that has proven itself in practice. All program settings, the user administration, methods and templates are stored in the configuration database and the determina­tion data is stored in the determination databases defined by the user. These databases can be installed locally on the computer reserved for measurements and make up a simple measurement system. tiBase is however scalable and grows with operational requirements. As soon as data security and central data management make it necessary, tiBase is installed as a client/server configuration. The tiBase database is then installed on a server. All measurement and office computers work as cli­ents. All results are stored centrally in this network and can be accessed and processed by all Client PCs. All clients also access the same pool of methods.
The new database has all the major tools necessary for managing, search­ing for and grouping results. Quick filters allow the user to browse through thousands of determinations within seconds and to display the result clearly. Chart plots give a fast overview of the sequence of results based on time.
All options for reprocessing are available to the user.
Overview of functions
￭ Object-oriented client/server database (see Chapter 3.2.3.1, page
93).
￭ Layout manager for the database view (see Chapter 4.1.7, page 119). ￭ Quick filters (see Chapter 4.5.2.4.3, page 216).
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1.6 Communication

￭ Efficient search functions (see Chapter 4.5.2.3, page 213). ￭ Access permissions control for every database (see Chapter 4.3.5.3,
page 128).
￭ Automatic database backup (see Chapter 4.3.5.4, page 129). ￭ Control charts (see Chapter 4.5.2.16, page 254). ￭ Reprocess determinations (see Chapter 4.5.2.6, page 226).
1.6 Communication
Introduction
The decisive factor for acceptance is the possibility of easy and economical integration in existing laboratory information systems, central databases and long-term archiving systems.
tiBase is communicative. Data generated in tiBase can be exported in XML and CSV format. Connection to LIMS systems on the market is thus not difficult. Export to long-term archiving systems such as NuGenesis SDMS or Scientific Software Cyberlab is also supported.
The new Report generator provides a simple and flexible solution for creating analysis reports. The report generator allows you to freely define the report templates. It is therefore possible at any time to display one or more determinations in a choice of PDF format or as a printout.
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Overview of functions
￭ Import of PC/LIMS reports (see Chapter 3.4.3, page 106). ￭ Various export formats, e.g. XML, CSV, SLK (see Chapter 4.4.4.2.1,
page 179).
￭ Report designer (see Chapter 4.4.1.4.1.1, page 136). ￭ E-mail functions for security settings (see Chapter 3.2.2.7, page 91). ￭ Send determinations by e-mail (see Chapter 4.5.2.7, page 249).

1.7 Conformity

Introduction
tiBase also sets new standards with respect to the fulfilling of GMP and GLP requirements. The latest quality standards and validation proce-
dures were implemented in developing and programming the software. A centralized user administration defines the access permissions for program functions and determinations, whereby any number of users with freely definable access profiles are possible. The system administrator can con­veniently access the user administration from any tiBase client. Access to the software is password-protected and there is a choice of tiBase or Win­dows login.
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1 Introduction
The use of digital signatures makes it possible to sign determinations. There are two signatures available with differing properties. With the first signature (Level 1, Review) the user confirms that he has programmed the method correctly or carried out the analysis correctly. With the second sig­nature (Level 2, Release) the method or result is shared and protected against further modifications. It is thus possible to mirror customized workflows in tiBase.
All data is version-controlled and protected against unauthorized access, modification or deletion in the database. The database itself con­trols access to the data in network operation and provides archiving and restore functions.
Conformity-relevant properties of tiBase 1.1
￭ Conformity is priority in development and validation. ￭ Central user administration (see Chapter 3.2.1.1, page 75). ￭ Detailed access permissions (see Chapter 3.2.1.2.2, page 78). ￭ Password protection under tiBase or Windows (see Chapter 3.2.2.2,
page 84).
￭ Digital signature on two levels (see Chapter 2.3, page 11). ￭ One signature each for methods and results. ￭ Documentation of all determination modifications (see Chapter
4.5.2.13, page 253).

1.8 Versions

Introduction
tiBase is available in the following sales versions, which differ with regard to scope and functions. An upgrade is possible at any time.
tiBase 1.1 full tiBase 1.1 multi
Product 6.6063.112 6.6063.113
User administration • •
Security settings • •
Client/server support •
Number of licenses 1 3
Additional licenses as an option •
XML data export to LIMS • •
Upgrade possible • •
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1.9 Online help

1.9 Online help
Introduction
Calling up the help
tiBase has a very extensive and detailed online help that can be accessed in two ways:
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￭ General call The Help ▶ tiBase Help menu item or the symbol
used to open the online help with the topic Welcome to tiBase. From there you can jump to the desired topic via Contents, Index, Search or personal Favorites.
￭ Context-sensitive call With the [F1] function key on the keyboard
you can jump directly to the topic which will show information on the active element in tiBase (dialog window, tab).
Symbols and conventions
The following symbols and formatting are used in this documentation:
Configuration
Link to another help topic in which information is shown for the marked term.
Database Dialog text
Designation for names of parameters, menu items, tabs and dialog windows in the software.
100 Designation for parameter values in input fields.
File ▶ New Menu or menu item; Path needed to reach a certain
point in the program.
is
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[Next] Button
Formula editor
Formulae can be entered in fields with this symbol, and the formula editor opens when you click on the symbol (see Chapter 2.4, page 17).
Instruction step
Carry out these steps in the sequence shown.
Caution
This symbol draws attention to possible damage to instruments or instrument parts.
Note
This symbol marks additional information and tips.
tiBase 1.1
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2 General program functions

2.1 Program parts

2.1.1 Program parts

General program functions
tiBase has two different program parts which can be opened by clicking on the corresponding symbol in the vertical bar on the left. The symbol for the opened program part is shown in color, the symbol for the other pro­gram part in black and white. The menus, symbol bars and content of the main window depend on the program part currently opened.
Database program part
￭ Opening/closing databases ￭ Managing databases ￭ Reprocessing ￭ Creating report templates

2 General program functions

Configuration program part
￭ Configuration of data import, login, backup, etc. ￭ Security settings ￭ User administration ￭ Program administration
Note
Access to a program part can be deactivated in the user administration. The respective symbol is disabled in such cases.

2.1.2 Database - User interface

Program part: Database
Database symbol
tiBase 1.1
Clicking on the database symbol in the vertical bar on the left opens the Database program part, while at the same time the database symbol is shown in color. The upper left corner of the symbol contains a black field
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2.2 Login/Password protection

displaying the number of databases currently opened (see Chapter 4.2.2, page 123).
Elements
The user interface of the Database program part is comprised of the fol­lowing elements:
￭ Database-specific menu bar. ￭ Database-specific toolbar. ￭ Main window in which up to 6 subwindows can be displayed.

2.1.3 Configuration - User interface

Program part: Configuration
Configuration symbol
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Clicking on the configuration symbol in the vertical bar at the left opens the Configuration program part, while at the same time the configura­tion symbol is shown in color.
Elements
The user interface of the Configuration program part is comprised of the following elements:
￭ Configuration-specific menu bar. ￭ Configuration-specific toolbar. ￭ Main window in which 2 subwindows are displayed.
2.2 Login/Password protection

2.2.1 General information on login / password protection

Program part: Configuration / Database
Login into tiBase
tiBase can be configured so that all users have to log in with their user name and password, and this data is automatically checked. This requires a User administration to be set up and the corresponding Security settings to be made. This data is saved in the configuration
database. In the case of client/server systems, this is on the server and applies globally for all clients (central user administration).
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2 General program functions
Recommended settings
The [Set] button on the Login/Password protection tab in the Secur­ity settings dialog window has to be pressed in order to make the set-
tings. The following conditions will then be complied with:
￭ A login with user name and password is required each time the
program is started.
￭ Depending on the setting, the password administration is carried
out in tiBase or in Windows.
￭ User names must be unique. Users cannot be deleted once they
have been entered.
￭ Passwords must be unique for each user. None of the expired pass-
words already used once by the user may be reused.
￭ Passwords must comprise a minimum number of characters. ￭ Passwords must be changed after a defined validity period. ￭ The number of login attempts is limited. If this number is exceeded,
the user will automatically be set to inactive status.
Actions
If the login is activated, the following actions can be performed:

2.2.2 Logging in

User
Password
￭ Logging in at program start ￭ Logging out manually ￭ Logging out automatically ￭ Changing password
Program parts: Configuration / Database
If both the options Enforce login with user name and Enforce login with password are activated in the Security settings, the Log in dia­log window will appear every time the program is started and after each time a user logs out.
Entry of the short name of the user.
Entry 24 characters
Entry of the password.
Entry 24 characters
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2.2 Login/Password protection
Note
Users who log in for the first time or users whose status has been reset from inactive or removed back to active must log in with the Start password (see Chapter 3.2.1.3.1, page 81) specified by the adminis- trator. Afterwards, the Change password window will automatically open in which a new password must be entered.
[Change password]
Opens the Change password window, in which the new password must be entered and confirmed.
[Cancel]
The login is canceled and the program is terminated.

2.2.3 Logging out manually

Menu item: Configuration / Database ▶ File ▶ Logout
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A logged-in user can log out at any time with the File ▶ Logout menu item. The logout options defined in the Security settings apply. After the logout, the Log in window opens in which a new user can log in.

2.2.4 Logging out automatically

Program part: Configuration
If the automatic logout is activated in the Security settings, then the user will be logged out automatically after the defined waiting time if no operating functions have been performed in the meantime via keyboard or mouse. The Log in window appears again afterwards, but only the same user or members of the same user group can use it to log back in again.
Note
Users with administrator rights can always log in.

2.2.5 Changing the password

Dialog window: Log in ▶ [Change password] ▶ Change password
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Note
In tiBase, the password can only be changed if the Password moni­toring by tiBase option is set in the security settings.
tiBase 1.1
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[Change password]
Old password
2 General program functions
This button in the Log in dialog window opens the Change password window, in which the new password must be entered and confirmed.
Note
The password must always be changed before the Validity of the pass­word expires. For users who are logging in for the first time or users whose status has been reset from inactive or removed back to
active, this window opens automatically after login with the Start password. Here you will also need to enter the Start password
assigned by the administrator in the Old password field.
Entry of the previous password.
Entry 24 characters
New password
Entry of the new password. The password options are defined in the Security settings on the Login/Password protection tab.
Entry 24 characters
Confirm password
Confirmation of the new password.
Entry 24 characters

2.3 Electronic signatures

2.3.1 Rules for electronic signatures

Program part: Database
In tiBase, determinations can be electronically signed at two levels. The following rules apply for this:
￭ Signature levels
Determinations can be signed at two levels (signature level 1 and sig­nature level 2) by entering the user name and a password.
￭ Multiple signing
Determinations can be signed several times at each level.
￭ Signing at level 1
If level 2 has been signed, then no more signatures are possible at level
1.
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2.3 Electronic signatures
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￭ Signing at level 2
Level 2 can not be signed unless there are already signatures on level
1.
￭ Different users
The same user may not sign on both level 1 and level 2.
￭ Reason and comment
Each signature must be accompanied by a reason selected from prede­fined default reasons. An additional comment can also be entered.
￭ Saved data
Signature date, user name, full name, reason and comments are saved for each signature.
￭ Deleting signatures 1
Signatures at level 1 are automatically deleted again when a new ver­sion is created.
￭ Deleting signatures 2
Signatures at level 2 can only be deleted by users who have the respec­tive permission.
￭ Signature options
The options for electronic signatures are set in the Signatures tab in the Security settings dialog window.

2.3.2 Procedure for electronic signatures

Program part: Database
Determinations exhibit one of the following three statuses with respect to signatures (see flow diagram):
￭ Not signed
Determinations that are not signed can be deleted and changed, with a new version being created each time there is a change.
￭ Signed (1)
No new versions are generated when determinations are signed at level 1. If determinations signed at level 1 are changed, then a new version will be generated that no longer contains any signatures. Determinations signed at level 1 can be deleted.
￭ Signed (2)
No new versions are generated when determinations are signed at level 2. Determinations signed at level 2 can neither be changed nor deleted. It is, however, possible to delete the signatures (2), although the signatures (1) will be retained.
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Modify
Modify
Not signed
Sign (1)
Signed 1
Sign (2)
Signed 2
Delete signatures 2
Delete
Create
Delete
Modify
Delete

2.3.3 Signature Level 1

Dialog window: Database ▶ Determinations ▶ Sign ▶ Signature 1… ▶ Signature level 1
2 General program functions
Info
Determinations can be signed at level 1 in the Signature level 1 win­dow.
Note
Determinations that have been signed at level 1 can be modified and deleted. If the modified method or determination is saved as a new ver­sion, however, then all existing signatures will be deleted automatically, i.e. the method or determination must be signed once again.
Display of information for signing and deleting signatures. The following messages are possible:
Selection Signature possible | Signature 1 not possible
(signature 2 exists) | Signature not possible (accessed by other client) | Signature not pos­sible for multiple determinations
Signature possible
The selected determination can be signed.
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Signature 1 not possible (signature 2 exists)
The selected determination can no longer be signed at level 1 as it has already been signed at level 2.
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2.3 Electronic signatures
User
Password
Reason
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Signature not possible (accessed by other client)
The selected determination cannot be signed as it is already marked to be signed on a different client.
Signature not possible for multiple determinations
Several determinations have been selected; they may, however, only be signed individually.
Entry of the user name (short name).
Entry 24 characters
Entry of the password.
Entry 24 characters
Selection from the Default reasons defined for the Signature level 1 category in the Security settings dialog window.
Selection Selection from the default reasons
Comment
Entry of a comment on the signature.
Entry 1,000 characters
[Sign]
Sign the determination. The window remains open.
Determinations can only be signed at level 1 if the user belongs to a user group with the respective permission.

2.3.4 Signature level 2

Dialog window: Database ▶ Determinations ▶ Sign ▶ Signature 2… ▶ Signature level 2
Determinations can be signed at level 2 in the Signature level 2 win­dow.
Note
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Info
2 General program functions
Note
Determinations signed at level 2 are locked, i.e. they can be neither modified nor deleted. In order to be able to edit such determinations again, the signatures on level 2 must first be deleted.
Information for signing and deleting signatures is displayed in this box. The following messages are possible:
Selection Signature possible | Signature 2 not possible
(signature 1 missing) | Signature not possible (accessed by other client)
Signature possible
The selected determination can be signed.
Signature 2 not possible (signature 1 missing)
The selected determination cannot be signed at level 2 as it has not yet been signed at level 1.
Signature not possible (accessed by other client)
The selected determination cannot be signed as it is already marked to be signed on a different client.
User
Password
Reason
Comment
[Sign]
Entry of the user name (short name).
Entry 24 characters
Entry of the password.
Entry 24 characters
Selection from the Default reasons defined for the Signature level 2 category in the Security settings dialog window.
Selection Selection from the default reasons
Entry of a comment on the signature.
Entry 1,000 characters
Sign the determination. The window remains open.
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2.3 Electronic signatures
Note
Determinations can only be signed at level 2 if the user belongs to a user group with the respective permission.

2.3.5 Deleting signatures Level 2

Dialog window: Database ▶ Determinations ▶ Sign ▶ Delete Sig­natures 2… ▶ Delete Signatures Level 2
The Delete Signatures Level 2 window allows you to delete all of the signatures on level 2 for the selected method or determination.
User
Entry of the user name (short name).
Entry 24 characters
Password
Entry of the password.
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Reason
Comment
[Delete]
Entry 24 characters
Selection from the Default reasons defined for the Signature level 2 category in the Security settings dialog window.
Selection Selection from the default reasons
Entry of a comment on the signature.
Entry 1,000 characters
Delete signatures 2.
Note
Signatures 2 can only be deleted if the user belongs to a user group with the respective permission.
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2.4 Formula editor

Dialog window: Formula editor
The Formula editor serves as a support when entering formulas for calcu­lating results. It has an automatic Syntax check, which is activated when applying the formula. The general rules of priority apply for the calculation operations.
The Formula Editor dialog window contains the following elements:
￭ Input field
Entry of the calculation formula (see Chapter 2.4.1, page 17).
￭ Function buttons
Buttons for the rapid entry of operators and parentheses (see Chapter
2.4.1, page 17).
￭ Operators/functions
Selection of the operators and functions variables available for the cal­culation formula (see Chapter 2.4.4.1, page 33).
￭ Description
Description of the selected variables, operators or functions.
2 General program functions

2.4.1 Input field

Dialog window: Formula editor
The calculation formula is entered in the input field of the Formula Editor. The following options are available for the entry:
Entry via keyboard
￭ Numbers
Numbers as well as mathematical functions can be entered directly via the keyboard.
￭ Text
Text must be enclosed in quotation marks " (e.g. "my text").
￭ Variables
Variables must be entered and ended with an apostrophe ' (e.g. 'MV.my variable').
￭ time
Time indications must always be made with the aid of the Time( ) function.
Entry using the function buttons
Mathematical operators and parentheses can simply be added to the for­mula using the corresponding buttons. A space is automatically added before and after the sign.
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2.4 Formula editor
Addition Equal to Logic AND
Subtraction Greater than Logic OR
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Multiplication Less than
Round parentheses
Division Not equal to
Potentiation Less than or equal to Molar mass calculator
Greater than or equal to Undo last action
Redo last action
Entry via selection
The element selected in the fields Variables or Operators can be added to the formula by double clicking or [Insert].

2.4.2 Calculation algorithms

Dialog window: Formula editor
Numerical format
The standard IEEE 754 (1985) for binary floating point arithmetic is imple­mented in "double precision" (64 Bit) in the software.
Rounding off process
Measured values and results are rounded off symmetrically (commercial rounding). In so doing, 1, 2, 3, 4 are always rounded down and 5, 6, 7,
8, 9 always rounded up.
Examples
2.33 yields 2.3
2.35 yields 2.4
2.47 yields 2.5
-2.38 yields -2.4
-2.45 yields -2.5
Statistics
The mean value, absolute and relative standard deviation of results R are calculated using the following formula:
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2 General program functions
Mean value
Absolute standard deviation
Relative standard devi­ation (in %)
The statistical calculations of the software have been implemented so that they can be checked to as great a degree as possible by the user. The indi­vidual values are therefore incorporated in the statistics with full accuracy.
It is not the number of decimal places which is decisive for the accuracy of the calculations, but rather the number of significant digits of the decimal numbers displayed. The binary 64 bit numerical format implemented on the basis of the IEEE 754 standard means that the decimal numerals resulting from this have 15 certain significant decimal places.
You can influence the number of significant digits by selecting the unit and the number of decimal places. As the result unit to be set sometimes contains the prefix "Milli" as well as the actual physical unit, the number of significant places changes accordingly by three places during such a conversion.
Example
The result displayed 1234.56789158763 mg/L has 15 certain places. It should be rounded off to three decimal places according to the above rounding procedure:
1234.568 mg/L (7 significant places, 3 of them decimal places)
The unit "g/L" means that the same result 1.23456789158763 g/L is also rounded off to three decimal places:
1.235 g/L (4 significant places, 3 of them decimal places)
The number of significant digits has now been reduced by three to four digits by omitting the prefix "milli".
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2.4 Formula editor
Note
The above losses of accuracy by rounding off in the area of the maxi­mum certain places are only relevant theoretically. Most of the time they are lower by several orders of magnitude than – as an example – the uncertainties resulting from weighing out the sample.

2.4.3 Variables

2.4.3.1 Variables - Overview
Dialog window:
Variables are automatically generated by the program during or at the end of the determination. You can use the formula editor to access these and either use the values for further calculations or output them as a result.
Variable types
The following types of variables are differentiated:
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Formula editor
Name
Method vari­ables
Sample data variables
Command variables
Result varia­bles
Determina­tion varia­bles
Syntax Description
'MV.Variable name'
'MV.Variable name'
Method variables include the varia­bles FCT and DIV
Sample data variables include the variables Sample size, Unit, Sam-
ple position, ID1 and ID2.
'Command name.Variable name'
Command variables are variables which are generated by the individ­ual commands in the method run. The command variables are dis­played in the order determined by the commands executed in the method run.
'RS.Result name.Variable identification'
Result variables are special com­mand variables which are gener­ated by CALC commands and which are available under a desig­nation of their own.
'DV.Variable identification'
Determination variables are general variables and cannot be assigned to individual commands.
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Name Syntax Description
2.4.3.2
System vari­ables
Common variables
Enter variables
Variables must always be entered and ended with an apostrophe ' (e.g. 'MV.myVariable').
When using variables, always observe their data type (Number, Text or Date/Time).
Method variables
Tab: Database ▶ Determinations ▶ Reprocessing ▶ Variables
'SV.Variable identification'
System variables are general varia­bles which are adopted in the determination at the start of the determination.
'CV.Name' Common variables are global varia-
bles. Depending on the device, the names are set or can be defined by the user.
Note
Method variables include the variables FCT (factor) and DIV (divisor).
Syntax
'MV.Variable name'
Examples: 'MV.FCT' and 'MV.DIV'
Occurence
These two variables occur in the formula saved in the 870 KF Titrino plus. By modifying these variables the result can be indicated as different con­centration units (mg/mL, ppm etc.).
Method variables
Variable
Description Data type
name
FCT Conversion factor for the calculation for-
Number
mula
DIV Divisor for the calculation formula Number
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2.4 Formula editor
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Conversion table of the formula for KF titration
Result unit Sample size
Factor Divisor
in...
% g 0.1 1
% mg 100 1
% mL 0.1 Density of the
sample in g/ mL
ppm g 1000 1
ppm mL 1000 Density of the
sample in g/ mL
ppm µ L 1 Density of the
sample in g/ mL
mg/mL g Density of the
1 sample in g/ mL
mg/mL mL 1 1
mg 1 1 1
mL 1 1 Density of H
mg/piece Pieces 1 1
2.4.3.3 Sample data variables
Dialog window: Formula editor ▶ Sample data variables
Sample data variables include the variables Sample size, Unit, Sample position, ID1 and ID2.
In the field Variables of the formula editor all sample data variables are listed.
Syntax
'MV.Variable name'
Examples: 'MV.Sample Size' , 'MV.Sample Unit' , 'MV.ID1'
You can select the sample data variables directly in the formula editor under Variables ▶ Sample data variables in order to avoid syntax errors.
O in g/mL
2
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