Keithley Instruments, Inc. warrants this product to be free from defects in material and workmanship for a period of 1 year
from date of shipment.
Keithley Instruments, Inc. warrants the following items for 90 days from the date of shipment: probes, cables, rechargeable
batteries, diskettes, and documentation.
During the warranty period, we will, at our option, either repair or replace any product that proves to be defective.
To exercise this warranty, write or call your local Keithley representative, or contact Keithley headquarters in Cleveland, Ohio.
You will be given prompt assistance and return instructions. Send the product, transportation prepaid, to the indicated service
facility. Repairs will be made and the product returned, transportation prepaid. Repaired or replaced products are warranted for
the balance of the original warranty period, or at least 90 days.
LIMITATION OF WARRANTY
This warranty does not apply to defects resulting from product modification without Keithley’s express written consent, or
misuse of any product or part. This warranty also does not apply to fuses, software, non-rechargeable batteries, damage from
battery leakage, or problems arising from normal wear or failure to follow instructions.
THIS WARRANTY IS IN LIEU OF ALL OTHER WARRANTIES, EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING ANY
IMPLIED WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR USE. THE REMEDIES PROVIDED HEREIN ARE BUYER’S SOLE AND EXCLUSIVE REMEDIES.
NEITHER KEITHLEY INSTRUMENTS, INC. NOR ANY OF ITS EMPLOYEES SHALL BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT,
INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THE USE OF ITS
INSTRUMENTS AND SOFTWARE EVEN IF KEITHLEY INSTRUMENTS, INC., HAS BEEN ADVISED IN ADVANCE
OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES. SUCH EXCLUDED DAMAGES SHALL INCLUDE, BUT ARE NOT LIMITED TO: COSTS OF REMOVAL AND INSTALLATION, LOSSES SUSTAINED AS THE RESULT OF INJURY TO ANY
PERSON, OR DAMAGE TO PROPERTY.
The following safety precautions should be observed before using
this product and any associated instrumentation. Although some instruments and accessories would normally be used with non-hazardous voltages, there are situations where hazardous conditions
may be present.
This product is intended for use by qualified personnel who recognize shock hazards and are familiar with the safety precautions required to avoid possible injury. Read and follow all installation,
operation, and maintenance information carefully before using the
product. Refer to the manual for complete product specifications.
If the product is used in a manner not specified, the protection provided by the product may be impaired.
The types of product users are:
Responsible body is the individual or group responsible for the use
and maintenance of equipment, for ensuring that the equipment is
operated within its specifications and operating limits, and for ensuring that operators are adequately trained.
Operators use the product for its intended function. They must be
trained in electrical safety procedures and proper use of the instrument. They must be protected from electric shock and contact with
hazardous live circuits.
Maintenance personnel perform routine procedures on the product
to keep it operating properly, for example, setting the line voltage
or replacing consumable materials. Maintenance procedures are described in the manual. The procedures explicitly state if the operator
may perform them. Otherwise, they should be performed only by
service personnel.
Service personnel are trained to work on live circuits, and perform
safe installations and repairs of products. Only properly trained service personnel may perform installation and service procedures.
Keithley products are designed for use with electrical signals that
are rated Installation Category I and Installation Category II, as described in the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC)
Standard IEC 60664. Most measurement, control, and data I/O signals are Installation Category I and must not be directly connected
to mains voltage or to voltage sources with high transient over-voltages. Installation Category II connections require protection for
high transient over-voltages often associated with local AC mains
connections. Assume all measurement, control, and data I/O connections are for connection to Category I sources unless otherwise
marked or described in the Manual.
Exercise extreme caution when a shock hazard is present. Lethal
voltage may be present on cable connector jacks or test fixtures. The
American National Standards Institute (ANSI) states that a shock
hazard exists when voltage levels greater than 30V RMS, 42.4V
peak, or 60VDC are present. A good safety practice is to expect
that hazardous voltage is present in any unknown circuit before
measuring.
Operators of this product must be protected from electric shock at
all times. The responsible body must ensure that operators are prevented access and/or insulated from every connection point. In
some cases, connections must be exposed to potential human contact. Product operators in these circumstances must be trained to
protect themselves from the risk of electric shock. If the circuit is
capable of operating at or above 1000 volts, no conductive part of
the circuit may be exposed.
Do not connect switching cards directly to unlimited power circuits.
They are intended to be used with impedance limited sources.
NEVER connect switching cards directly to AC mains. When connecting sources to switching cards, install protective devices to limit fault current and voltage to the card.
Before operating an instrument, make sure the line cord is connected to a properly grounded power receptacle. Inspect the connecting
cables, test leads, and jumpers for possible wear, cracks, or breaks
before each use.
When installing equipment where access to the main power cord is
restricted, such as rack mounting, a separate main input power disconnect device must be provided, in close proximity to the equipment and within easy reach of the operator.
For maximum safety, do not touch the product, test cables, or any
other instruments while power is applied to the circuit under test.
ALWAYS remove power from the entire test system and discharge
any capacitors before: connecting or disconnecting cables or jumpers, installing or removing switching cards, or making internal
changes, such as installing or removing jumpers.
Do not touch any object that could provide a current path to the common side of the circuit under test or power line (earth) ground. Always
make measurements with dry hands while standing on a dry, insulated
surface capable of withstanding the voltage being measured.
The instrument and accessories must be used in accordance with its
specifications and operating instructions or the safety of the equipment may be impaired.
Do not exceed the maximum signal levels of the instruments and accessories, as defined in the specifications and operating information, and as shown on the instrument or test fixture panels, or
switching card.
When fuses are used in a product, replace with same type and rating
for continued protection against fire hazard.
Chassis connections must only be used as shield connections for
measuring circuits, NOT as safety earth ground connections.
If you are using a test fixture, keep the lid closed while power is applied to the device under test. Safe operation requires the use of a
lid interlock.
Page 6
If a screw is present, connect it to safety earth ground using the
wire recommended in the user documentation.
!
The symbol on an instrument indicates that the user should refer to the operating instructions located in the manual.
The symbol on an instrument shows that it can source or measure 1000 volts or more, including the combined effect of normal
and common mode voltages. Use standard safety precautions to
avoid personal contact with these voltages.
The WARNING heading in a manual explains dangers that might
result in personal injury or death. Always read the associated information very carefully before performing the indicated procedure.
The CAUTION heading in a manual explains hazards that could
damage the instrument. Such damage may invalidate the warranty.
Instrumentation and accessories shall not be connected to humans.
Before performing any maintenance, disconnect the line cord and
all test cables.
To maintain protection from electric shock and fire, replacement
components in mains circuits, including the power transformer, test
leads, and input jacks, must be purchased from Keithley Instruments. Standard fuses, with applicable national safety approvals,
may be used if the rating and type are the same. Other components
that are not safety related may be purchased from other suppliers as
long as they are equivalent to the original component. (Note that selected parts should be purchased only through Keithley Instruments
to maintain accuracy and functionality of the product.) If you are
unsure about the applicability of a replacement component, call a
Keithley Instruments office for information.
To clean an instrument, use a damp cloth or mild, water based
cleaner. Clean the exterior of the instrument only. Do not apply
cleaner directly to the instrument or allow liquids to enter or spill
on the instrument. Products that consist of a circuit board with no
case or chassis (e.g., data acquisition board for installation into a
computer) should never require cleaning if handled according to instructions. If the board becomes contaminated and operation is affected, the board should be returned to the factory for proper
cleaning/servicing.
6.Press SOURCE, 0, EXPONENT, 0, ENTER. (Programs
source of memory location 2 to 0V.)
7.Press I-LIMIT, 1, 0, 0, ENTER. (Programs I-limit of memory location 2 to 100mA.)
8.Press DWELL TIME, 5, EXPONENT, +/-, 3, ENTER. (Programs dwell time of memory location 2 for 5msec.)
9.Press CONTINUOUS, OPERATE, START/STOP. (Selects
the continuous program mode, outputs the source voltage
and starts the continuous program mode which fabricates
the +5V to 0V 100Hz waveform.)
NOTE
When fabricating output waveforms observe the
response time specifications of the Model 230.
Also, consider the effect of load impedance on the
waveform to be fabricated.
10msec
+5V
0Vt
Figure 2-3. Square Wave Output Waveform
Using the Model 619 in conjunction with the Model 230 can
help illustrate this example. Lik e the Model 230, the Model 619
has external trigger input and output (electrometer complete
and external trigger) lines. Connect the two instruments as
shown in Figure 2-4. In this configuration and with the proper
programming, the Model 230 will output the programmed
voltage when the START button is pressed. At the end of the
specified dwell time the Model 230 outputs the external trigger
pulse. This pulse triggers the Model 619 to take a reading.
When the Model 619 measurement cycle is completed it will
output a trigger pulse (via the electrometer complete line) to
the Model 230. The tr igger pulse from the Model 619 to the
Model 230 triggers the Model 230 to advance to the next
memory location and output the next programmed voltage.
The Model 230 must be in the step program mode for this
example.
At this point the cycle repeats itself and keeps on repeating
itself by advancing through the programmed memory locations of the Model 230. To stop the cycle, disconnect one of
the trigger lines.
NOTE
The Model 619 can be set to the talk-only mode
and connected to an IEEE compatible printer. The
Model 619 measurement data would then be
recorded by the printer automatically. This would
free the operator from recording the data manually.
NOTE
Only the Model 619’s that have the electrometer
complete and external trigger connections can be
used for this example.
MODEL 6194 INPUT
ELECTROMETER
COMPLETE
NOTE
In this example the Model 230 does not change
range. If the Model 230 is programmed to change
from one range into another (e.g. 10V to 1V), the
output drops to zero for approximately 2msec
between range changes.
Example 7 Using External Trigger (Input and Output)— The
external trigger initiates the program mode (single, continuous, or step) in the same manner as the START button. To output any programmed values the program mode must be
selected, the OPERATE button enabled, and the instrument
must receive the external trigger input pulse.
The external trigger output is a pulse signifying the completion
of a programmed dwell time. The pulse is present at the external trigger output in any of the three program modes. For the
single or continuous program modes there is an output pulse
at the end of every programmed dwell time. For the step program mode, there is an output pulse at the end of the programmed dwell time for the one memory location. To go on to
the next step (memory location) and output another external
trigger output pulse, another external trigger pulse is required.
KEITHLEY
Electrometer
6194
Module 1
Electrometer
KEITHLEY
6194
Module 2
MODEL 619 REAR PANEL
MODEL 230
OUTPUT
MODEL 230 REAR PANEL
EXTERNAL
TRIGGER
OUTPUT
SH1
INPUT
OUTPUT
Figure 2-4. Using External Trigger
IEEE Interface
KEITHLEY
AH1T6TEO
EXTERNAL
SLOWBLOW
3/4A 90-125V
3/8A 100/250V
L4
TRIGGER
6193
EXTERNAL
TRIGGER
EXTERNAL
TRIGGER
IEEE-488 INTERFACE
LEO
SR1
RL1
PP0
DC1COE1
SENSING
LOCAL
REMOTE
FUSE
INPUT
1O
A1
A2
A3
A4
DIGITAL I/O
LINE RATING
50-60 Hz AC, 80 VA MAX
LINE VOLTAGE SELECTED
90-110V 180-220V
105-125V 210-250V
MADE IN
KEITHLEY
U.S.A.
2-9
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Specifications are subject to change without notice.
All Keithley trademarks and trade names are the property of Keithley Instruments, Inc. All other
trademarks and trade names are the property of their respective companies.