Keithley 2290-10 User Manual

Model 2290-10
10 kV Power Supply

User’s Manual

2290-10-900-01 Rev. A / December 2013

www.keithley.com

*P22901090001A*

2290-10-900-01

A Greater Mesure of Condence

A Tektr onix Company

Model 2290-10

10 kV Power Supply

User's Manual

© 2013, Keithley Instruments, Inc.

Cleveland, Ohio, U.S.A.

All rights reserved.

Any unauthorized reproduction, photocopy, or use of the information herein, in whole or in part,

without the prior written approval of Keithley Instruments, Inc. is strictly prohibited.

All Keithley Instruments product names are trademarks or registered trademarks of Keithley

Instruments, Inc. Other brand names are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective

holders.

Document number: 2290-10-900-01 Rev. A / December 2013

Safety precaut ions

The following safety precautions should be observed before using this product and any associated instrumentation. Although
some instruments and accessories would normally be used with nonhazardous voltages, there are situations where hazardous
conditions may be present.

This product is intended for use by qualified personnel who recognize shock hazards and are familiar with the safety precautions
required to avoid possible injury. Read and follow all installation, operation, and maintenance information carefully before using
the product. Refer to the user documentation for complete product specifications.

If the product is used in a manner not specified, the protection provided by the product warranty may be impaired.

The types of product users are:

Responsible body is the individual or group responsible for the use and maintenance of equipment, for ensuring that the

equipment is operated within its specifications and operating limits, and for ensuring that operators are adequately trained.

Operators use the product for its intended function. They must be trained in electrical safety procedures and proper use of the

instrument. They must be protected from electric shock and contact with hazardous live circuits.

Maintenance personnel perform routine procedures on the product to keep it operating properly, for example, setting the line

voltage or replacing consumable materials. Maintenance procedures are described in the user documentation. The procedures
explicitly state if the operator may perform them. Otherwise, they should be performed only by service personnel.

Service personnel are trained to work on live circuits, perform safe installations, and repair products. Only properly trained

service personnel may perform installation and service procedures.

Keithley Instruments products are designed for use with electrical signals that are measurement, control, and data I/O
connections, with low transient overvoltages, and must not be directly connected to mains voltage or to voltage sources with high
transient overvoltages. Measurement Category II (as referenced in IEC 60664) connections require protection for high transient
overvoltages often associated with local AC mains connections. Certain Keithley measuring instruments may be connected to
mains. These instruments will be marked as category II or higher.

Unless explicitly allowed in the specifications, operating manual, and instrument labels, do not connect any instrument to mains.

Exercise extreme caution when a shock hazard is present. Lethal voltage may be present on cable connector jacks or test
fixtures. The American National Standards Institute (ANSI) states that a shock hazard exists when voltage levels greater than
30 V RMS, 42.4 V peak, or 60 VDC are present. A good safety practice is to expect that hazardous voltage is present in any
unknown circuit before measuring.

Operators of this product must be protected from electric shock at all times. The responsible body must ensure that operators
are prevented access and/or insulated from every connection point. In some cases, connections must be exposed to potential
human contact. Product operators in these circumstances must be trained to protect themselves from the risk of electric shock. If
the circuit is capable of operating at or above 1000 V, no conductive part of the circuit may be exposed.

Do not connect switching cards directly to unlimited power circuits. They are intended to be used with impedance-limited
sources. NEVER connect switching cards directly to AC mains. When connecting sources to switching cards, install protective
devices to limit fault current and voltage to the card.

Before operating an instrument, ensure that the line cord is connected to a properly-grounded power receptacle. Inspect the
connecting cables, test leads, and jumpers for possible wear, cracks, or breaks before each use.

When installing equipment where access to the main power cord is restricted, such as rack mounting, a separate main input
power disconnect device must be provided in close proximity to the equipment and within easy reach of the operator.

For maximum safety, do not touch the product, test cables, or any other instruments while power is applied to the circuit under
test. ALWAYS remove power from the entire test system and discharge any capacitors before: connecting or disconnecting
cables or jumpers, installing or removing switching cards, or making internal changes, such as installing or removing jumpers.

Do not touch any object that could provide a current path to the common side of the circuit under test or power line (earth)
ground. Always make measurements with dry hands while standing on a dry, insulated surface capable of withstanding the
voltage being measured.

For safety, instruments and accessories must be used in accordance with the operating instructions. If the instruments or
accessories are used in a manner not specified in the operating instructions, the protection provided by the equipment may be
impaired.

Do not exceed the maximum signal levels of the instruments and accessories, as defined in the specifications and operating
information, and as shown on the instrument or test fixture panels, or switching card.

When fuses are used in a product, replace with the same type and rating for continued protection against fire hazard.

Chassis connections must only be used as shield connections for measuring circuits, NOT as protective earth (safety ground)
connections.

If you are using a test fixture, keep the lid closed while power is applied to the device under test. Safe operation requires the use
of a lid interlock.

If a screw is present, connect it to protective earth (safety ground) using the wire recommended in the user documentation.

The

symbol on an instrument means caution, risk of danger. The user must refer to the operating instructions located in the

user documentation in all cases where the symbol is marked on the instrument.

The symbol on an instrument means caution, risk of electric shock. Use standard safety precautions to avoid personal
contact with these voltages.

The symbol on an instrument shows that the surface may be hot. Avoid personal contact to prevent burns.

The

If this

symbol indicates a connection terminal to the equipment frame.

symbol is on a product, it indicates that mercury is present in the display lamp. Please note that the lamp must be

properly disposed of according to federal, state, and local laws.

The WARNING heading in the user documentation explains dangers that might result in personal injury or death. Always read

the associated information very carefully before performing the indicated procedure.

The CAUTION heading in the user documentation explains hazards that could damage the instrument. Such damage may

invalidate the warranty.

Instrumentation and accessories shall not be connected to humans.

Before performing any maintenance, disconnect the line cord and all test cables.

To maintain protection from electric shock and fire, replacement components in mains circuits — including the power
transformer, test leads, and input jacks — must be purchased from Keithley Instruments. Standard fuses with applicable national
safety approvals may be used if the rating and type are the same. Other components that are not safety-related may be
purchased from other suppliers as long as they are equivalent to the original component (note that selected parts should be
purchased only through Keithley Instruments to maintain accuracy and functionality of the product). If you are unsure about the
applicability of a replacement component, call a Keithley Instruments office for information.

To clean an instrument, use a damp cloth or mild, water-based cleaner. Clean the exterior of the instrument only. Do not apply
cleaner directly to the instrument or allow liquids to enter or spill on the instrument. Products that consist of a circuit board with
no case or chassis (e.g., a data acquisition board for installation into a computer) should never require cleaning if handled
according to instructions. If the board becomes contaminated and operation is affected, the board should be returned to the
factory for proper cleaning/servicing.

Safety precaution revision as of January 2013.

Table of Contents

Introduction ............................................................................................................... 1-1

Welcome .............................................................................................................................. 1-1

Extended warranty .................................................................................................................... 1-1

Contact information ................................................................................................................... 1-1

CD-ROM contents ..................................................................................................................... 1-1

Organization of manual ............................................................................................................. 1-2

Features .................................................................................................................................... 1-2

Unpacking and inspecting .................................................................................................... 1-2

Inspect for damage ................................................................................................................... 1-2

Shipment contents .................................................................................................................... 1-3

Optional accessories ............................................................................................................ 1-3

Connecting cables and connectors ........................................................................................... 1-3

Rack mount kits ......................................................................................................................... 1-3

Protection module ..................................................................................................................... 1-3

Front-panel familiarization .................................................................................................... 1-4

Rear-panel familiarization .................................................................................................... 1-6

Line cord ................................................................................................................................... 1-6

Connect to other instruments .................................................................................................... 1-7

Safe configuration and test setup ........................................................................... 2-1

Introduction .......................................................................................................................... 2-1

High voltage safety precautions ........................................................................................... 2-1

Safely connect to instruments .............................................................................................. 2-2

Line voltage selection ................................................................................................................ 2-2

Interlock circuit ..................................................................................................................... 2-2

Connecting the interlock of the Model 2290-10 ......................................................................... 2-3

Connecting the Model 2290-10 output to a custom text fixture ................................................. 2-4

Basic operations ....................................................................................................... 3-1

Numeric and cursor keys ..................................................................................................... 3-1

Select, Enter, Clear .............................................................................................................. 3-1

Set output voltage ................................................................................................................ 3-2

Set voltage limit .................................................................................................................... 3-2

Set current limit .................................................................................................................... 3-3

Set current trip ...................................................................................................................... 3-3

Store and recall .................................................................................................................... 3-4

Analog programming and monitor ........................................................................................ 3-5

Remote operation ..................................................................................................... 4-1

Introduction .......................................................................................................................... 4-1

RS-232 cable ............................................................................................................................ 4-1

Connect GPIB cables to your instrument .................................................................................. 4-1

Table of Contents

User's Manual

Model 2290-10 10 kV Power Supply

Set the GPIB address ............................................................................................................... 4-3

Bus connections ........................................................................................................................ 4-3

Command syntax ................................................................................................................. 4-3

Multiple commands ................................................................................................................... 4-3

Command buffer ....................................................................................................................... 4-3

Command queries ..................................................................................................................... 4-3

Command examples ................................................................................................................. 4-4

Remote commands .............................................................................................................. 4-4

Output control commands ......................................................................................................... 4-4

Setting control commands ......................................................................................................... 4-5

Interface control commands ...................................................................................................... 4-6

Status reporting commands ...................................................................................................... 4-7

Status messages ...................................................................................................... 5-1

Status reporting .................................................................................................................... 5-1

Status byte register ................................................................................................................... 5-2

Standard event status register .................................................................................................. 5-2

Errors ......................................................................................................................... 6-1

Error and status messages .................................................................................................. 6-1

Table: Error messages .............................................................................................................. 6-1

Table: Summarizes status messages ....................................................................................... 6-2

Table: Programmatic errors....................................................................................................... 6-3

Typical applications .................................................................................................. 7-1

Introduction .......................................................................................................................... 7-1

Program example 1 ................................................................................................................... 7-1

Program example 2 ................................................................................................................... 7-4

Performance verification .......................................................................................... 8-1

Introduction .......................................................................................................................... 8-1

Environmental conditions ..................................................................................................... 8-1

Warm-up period ................................................................................................................... 8-1

Recommended test equipment ............................................................................................ 8-2

Verification procedures ........................................................................................................ 8-2

DC voltage accuracy ................................................................................................................. 8-3

DC current accuracy ................................................................................................................. 8-4

Troubleshooting ....................................................................................................... 9-1

Stuck buttons ....................................................................................................................... 9-1

Line power ............................................................................................................................ 9-1

Repeated trips ...................................................................................................................... 9-1

Incorrect rear-panel output voltage ...................................................................................... 9-1

Front-panel test .................................................................................................................... 9-2

Power-on reset ..................................................................................................................... 9-2

Model 2290

of Contents

-10 10 kV Power Supply User's Manual Table

No high voltage .................................................................................................................... 9-2

Service ................................................................................................................................. 9-2

Rear-panel familiarization......................................................... 1-6

Welcome

Thank you for choosing a Keithley Instruments product. The Model 2290-10 10 kV power supply is
designed for use in the research laboratory and for test applications. It also has excellent regulation
and low output voltage ripple. The digital displays provide accurate readings of voltage and current
and also provide for easy, precise setting of output values using digital entry of current and voltage
values. Output voltage can be set from the front panel, with a remote analog voltage, or using the RS­232 interface or the IEEE-488 interface. Voltage and current signals are also available for remote
monitoring and analog control.

Section 1

Introduction

In this section:

Welcome .................................................................................. 1-1

Unpacking and inspecting ........................................................ 1-2

Optional accessories ................................................................ 1-3

Front-panel familiarization ........................................................ 1-4

Extended warranty

Additional years of warranty coverage are available on many products. These valuable contracts
protect you from unbudgeted service expenses and provide additional years of protection at a fraction
of the price of a repair. Extended warranties are available on new and existing products. Contact your
local Keithley Instruments representative for details.

Contact information

If you have any questions after you review the information in this documentation, please contact your
local Keithley Instruments representative or call Keithley Instruments corporate headquarters (toll-free
inside the U.S. and Canada only) at 1-888-KEITHLEY (1-888-534-8453), or from outside the U.S. at
[phone]. For worldwide contact numbers, visit the Keithley Instruments website
(http://www.keithley.com

).

CD-ROM contents

The Series 2290 Power Supply Product Information CD-ROM contains:

User's Manuals: Includes information about optional accessories, operation topics, remote operation,

performance verification, troubleshooting, and application examples that you can use as starting point
to create your own applications.

LabVIEW™ Driver and IVI Driver software: Instrument drivers are used to communicate with an

instrument and help to control it.

Section

User's Manual

1: Introduction Model 2290-10 10 kV Power Supply

Organization of manual

Getting started: Front and rear panel familiarization, LED displays.
Safe connection: Configuration and test setup.
Basic operations: Set the voltage source, set the voltage trip limit, and set the current limit.
Remote operation: Remote interfaces and commands.
Status messages: Description of the Model 2290-10 status messages.
Errors: Error numbers with descriptions.
Typical applications: Detailed examples of how to use commands to accomplish certain test

applications.

Performance verification: Environmental conditions, test equipment, and verification procedures.
Troubleshooting: Description of commonly encountered issues and information on how to resolve

them.

Features

The key features of the Model 2290-10 include:

• High-voltage operation – Source voltages up to a maximum of 10 kilovolts (kV).

• 10 W power capability – Source currents up to 1 milliamps (mA) at 10 kV.

• Ease of use – Digital displays and the keypad simplify setting the voltage and current parameters.

• Programmable voltage limit – Voltage limit can be preset to ensure safe operation.

• Programmable current limits – Current limit and trip point can be preset to prevent possible

equipment damage.

• Monitor outputs – Provide 0 – 10 V signals that can be used to monitor the high-voltage output

and current.

• External voltage control – Allows the high-voltage output value to be controlled with a 0 – 10 V

input signal.

• Standard RS-232 and IEEE-488 interfaces – Allow the instrument to be remotely controlled by a

personal computer.

• Safety interlock – Connections to an internal circuit that shuts down the high-voltage output when

an external circuit is opened. The external circuit would typically include a limit switch on a test
fixture door.

Unpacking and inspecting

Inspect for damage

Upon receiving the Model 2290-10, carefully unpack the unit, and inspect for any obvious signs of
physical damage that might have occurred during shipment. Notify the shipping agent of any damage
immediately.

1-2 2290-10-900-01 Rev. A/December 2013

Model 2290

Introduction

-10 10 kV Power Supply User's Manual Section 1:

Shipment contents

The following items are included with every Model 2290-10 order:

• Model 2290-10 high-voltage supply

• Model 2290-10 product information CD-ROM

• AC line power cord

• Model 2290-10 additional accessories, as ordered

• 3-pin mating interlock connector

Optional accessories

Connecting cables and connect ors

The following optional accessories are available for use with the Model 2290-10:

• Model 2290-10-SHVUC – 10 kV SHV male to unterminated cable; 3.05 meters (10 feet)

• Model 2290-10-SHV – 10 kV SHV male to SHV male cable; 3.05 meters (10 feet)

• Model 2290-INT-CABLE – 3-pin interlock connector to unterminated cable; 3.05 meters (10 feet)

• Model 2290-10-SHVBH – 10 kV SHV female bulkhead connector

Rack mount kits

• Model 2290-10-RMK-2 – double rack-mount kit; mounts two power supplies side-by-side.

• Model 2290-10-RMK-1 – single rack-mount kit; mounts a single power supply.

• Model 4299-7 – shelf rack-mount kit; mounts one or two power supplies.

Protection module

Model 2290-PM-200

The protection module is intended for use in applications where a device breakdown or other potential
failure could connect the high-voltage output of the Model 2290-5 or Model 2290-10 High Voltage
Power Supply to a lower voltage source-measure unit (SMU).

2290-10-900-01 Rev. A/December 2013 1-3

Section

User's Manual

1: Introduction Model 2290-10 10 kV Power Supply

Front-panel familiarization

The Model 2290-10 front panel is shown below. Descriptions of the controls on the front panel follow
the figure.

Figure 1: Model 2290-10 Front panel

1-4 2290-10-900-01 Rev. A/December 2013

Model 2290

Introduction

POWER button

Applies power to the instrument. The instrument always powers up with the high

default settings are used. To restore the default settings, hold down the clear button

(CLR) while turning on the power. Note that this will erase any saved parameters.

HIGH VOLTAGE enable

This is a three position switch. In the OFF/RESET position, the high voltage is off,

and all trips are cleared. In this position, the high voltage is locked off and cannot be

TRIP

VOLTS (POSITIVE) LED

display

Center LED display

Displays the value of the parameter that is entered or adjusted, including Error and

status messages that my occur.

µA LED display

Displays the output current.

SELECT, ENTER, CLR

The SELECT button is used to choose which parameter is being displayed in the

the last value that was entered.

Numeric and cursor
buttons

All parameters are adjusted using the cursor or numeric buttons.

STATUS indicators

Three LEDs indicate the instrument's status. The LIMIT LED is on when the unit is

analog input.

RESET button

Reset mode determines how the instrument responds after a voltage or current trip.

voltage has been removed.

GPIB button

The GPIB address button sets the GPIB primary address.

LOCAL button

The LOCAL button takes the instrument out of remote and restores operation of

other front panel controls.

STO and RCL buttons

STO (store) and RCL (recall) allow up to nine complete instrument settings to be

saved in nonvolatile memory. RCL 0 recalls the default settings.

-10 10 kV Power Supply User's Manual Section 1:

voltage off. The current instrument configuration and any saved instrument presets
are stored in non-volatile memory. The serial number, firmware version, and model
number are displayed when power is turned on. If an error appears on power up,
the current instrument configuration and and any saved presets are lost, and the

switch

turned on by computer control. The ON position is a momentary-contact position

and turns on the high voltage for manual or rear panel analog control. Note that the

switch should be held in the ON position for at least a half second to turn the high

voltage on. In the middle position, the high voltage is enabled and can be turned on

by commands sent over a computer interface. The ON LED above the switch

indicates that the high voltage is on; the

LED indicates a trip has occurred.

Displays the output voltage.

(Clear) button

center display. The ENTER button enters the parameter shown in the center
display. The CLR (clear) button erases the value in the center display and recalls

in current limit. The REM LED is on when the unit is in remote, and the front panel
is locked out. The REAR LED is on when the high voltage is controlled by the

There are two modes: MAN and AUTO. In MAN (manual) mode the high voltage

remains off after a trip and requires that the operator manually turn it back on.

In AUTO (automatic) mode the unit waits until the output voltage has fallen to 2% of

its full-scale value and then turns the high voltage back on. This feature is useful
when dealing with loads that occasionally short circuit, but recover after high

2290-10-900-01 Rev. A/December 2013 1-5

Section

User's Manual

selection. Refer to the Safely connect to instruments topic for instructions on
selecting the correct line voltage and fuse.

HIGH VOLTAGE output

The HIGH VOLTAGE output port is an SHV female port that connects the

to-MHV mated high voltage cables are available.

The SET BNC jack is an input connection for analog control of the high

monitor signals.

GPIB

The 24-pin IEEE-488 STANDARD PORT (GPIB) allows computer control of

the Model 2290-10.

RS-232

The RS-232 serial port allows computer control of the Model 2290-10.

INTERLOCK port

The contacts for an external safety circuit intended to prevent personnel

the instrument to output high voltage.

1: Introduction Model 2290-10 10 kV Power Supply

Rear-panel familiarization

The Model 2290-10 rear panel is shown below. Descriptions of the controls on the rear panel follow
the figure.

Figure 2: Model 2290-10 rear panel

Power entry The power entry module contains the line fuse and the line voltage

port

Model 2290-10 source output to external equipment. SHV-to-SHV and SHV-

Analog I/O

voltage output. The MONITOR BNC jacks provide voltage and current

from contacting high voltage. The interlock circuit must be engaged to allow

Line cord

The Model 2290-10 uses a detachable, three-wire power cord for connection to the power source and
to a safety earth ground through a grounded AC outlet. Only use the power cord that's provided with
your instrument, or an equivalent adequately rated power cord.

The exposed metal parts of the instrument are connected to the outlet ground through the
line cord to provide protection against electrical shock. Always use an AC outlet that has a
properly connected safety ground.

1-6 2290-10-900-01 Rev. A/December 2013

Model 2290

Introduction

-10 10 kV Power Supply User's Manual Section 1:

Connect to other instrument s

The rear panel SET and MONITOR BNC jack shields are connected to chassis ground and the AC
power source ground using the power cord. Do not apply any voltage to the shields. The HIGH
VOLTAGE SHV port is also connected to chassis ground and cannot be floated above ground.

This unit contains hazardous voltages. Be absolutely certain that the high voltage is
completely discharged before removing or connecting the high-voltage cable. High-voltage
cables can store charge if they are disconnected from the supply while high voltage is
turned on, and can cause personal injury or death if not handled properly. Use only
connecting cables with a rated working voltage of 10 kV or higher (see the

accessories

section for more information).

Do not connect the high-voltage output to exposed circuitry. Any load connected to the high­voltage output should be enclosed in a metal shield that is connected to safety earth ground
using #18 AWG or larger wire.

If the instrument is used in a manner not specified by Keithley Instruments, the protection
provided by the equipment may be impaired.

Optional

2290-10-900-01 Rev. A/December 2013 1-7

Interlock circuit ......................................................................... 2-2

In this section:

Introduction .............................................................................. 2-1

High voltage safety precautions ............................................... 2-1

Safely connect to instruments .................................................. 2-2

Introduction

The Model 2290-10 can generate hazardous voltages. It is intended for use with a test fixture or in a
test system that has safety mechanisms in place to prevent an operator from accessing these
voltages.

Section 2

Safe configurat ion and test setup

This section describes how to use the Model 2290-10 to test a device with a custom test fixture or
system.

High voltage safety precautions

Make sure that you read and observe the following high voltage safety precautions before operating
the Model 2290-10.

The Model 2290-10 is capable of sourcing hazardous live high voltages that can cause
personal injury or death due to electric shock. This unit should be used only by qualified
personnel who recognize the dangers of high voltages.

Make certain that the source is turned off and that high voltage is completely discharged
before removing the high-voltage cable. High-voltage cables can store charge if they are
disconnected from the supply while the high voltage is on. The charge on the cable can
cause injury or damage even after the cable is disconnected from the unit.

The Model 2290-10 is provided with an interlock circuit that must be positively activated in
order for the high voltage output to be enabled. The interlock helps facilitate safe operation
of the equipment in a test system. Bypassing the interlock could expose the operator to
hazardous voltages that could result in personal injury or death.

Section

User's Manual

2: Safe configuration and test setup Model 2290-10 10 kV Power Supply

Safely connect to instruments

Line voltage selection

The Model 2290-10 auto detects the input voltage and the input frequency. It operates from a 100 V
AC to 240 V AC power source that has a line frequency between 50 Hz and 60 Hz. Power
consumption is less than 80 Watts total.

The AC power connection on the rear panel provides the connection to the detachable power cord
and to a protective ground. Make sure that you always use an outlet that has a protective ground.

There are three versions of the Model 2290-10 to allow operation from a 100, 120, 220, or 240 V
nominal AC power source with a line frequency of 50 or 60 Hz. Before connecting the power cord to a
power source, verify that the line voltage selector card, located in the rear panel fuse holder, is set for
the correct AC line voltage.

This instrument may be damaged if operated with the line voltage selector set for the wrong AC line
voltage, or if the wrong fuse is installed.

Interlock circuit

An interlock circuit is provided on the rear panel of the instrument. This circuit must be closed to
enable the Model 2290-10 to produce output voltages. When the safety interlock signal is enabled,
the power supply is enable to output up to 10 kV. However, when the safety interlock signal is not
enabled, the output voltage is turned off.

The Model 2290-10 is provided with an interlock circuit that must be positively activated in
order for the high voltage output to be enabled. The interlock helps facilitate safe operation
of the equipment in a test system. Bypassing the interlock could expose the operator to
hazardous voltages that could result in personal injury or death.

2-2 2290-10-900-01 Rev. A/December 2013

Model 2290

Safe configuration and test setup

-10 10 kV Power Supply User's Manual Section 2:

Connecting the interl oc k of the Model 2290-10

The interlock pins control the high-voltage supply.

The pin locations and connections are shown in the following figure. The pins are:

• Pin 3: Chassis ground

• Pin 2: Interlock enable

• Pin 1: +5 V DC out (current limited)

Figure 3: Model 2290 interlock connector wiring

The following figure shows how to connect the Model 2290-10 internal 10 V source in order to engage
the external interlock (or interlocks) circuits:

Figure 4: Model 2290-10 Internal 10 kV source

2290-10-900-01 Rev. A/December 2013 2-3