GE Infrastructure
Sensing
Sound Speeds and Pipe Size Data
Installation Reference
GE Infrastructure
Sensing
Sound Speeds and Pipe Size Data
Installation Reference
914-004E1
August 2004
August 2004
List of Tables
Sound Speed Data
Table 1: Sound Speeds in Solids . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
Table 2: Sound Speeds in Fluids . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
Table 3: Sound Speeds in Water at Selected Temperat ur es. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Pipe Siz e D at a
Table 4: Standard ANSI Data for Carbon Steel and Stainle ss Steel Pipe . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Table 5: Cast Iron Pipe Data - Standard Classes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Table 6: Ductile Iron Pipe Data - Standard Classes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Sound Speeds and Pipe Size Data iii
August 2004
Sound Speed Data
The values in Table 1 below are reproduced with permission: shear
wave values from the Americ an Institute of Physics Handbook,
Smithsonian Tables; longitudinal values from the Nondestructive
Testing Handbook, 2nd edition, Volume 7, Ultrasonic Testing.
©1991, The American Society of Nondestruc tive T esting.
Table 1: Soun d Spe e ds in Soli ds
Sound Speed*
Shear Wave (25°C)
Material m/s ft/s mm/µs in./µs
Steel, 1% Carbon, hardened
Carbon Steel 3,230 10,598 5.89 0.2319
Mild Steel 3,235 10,614 5.89 0.2319
Steel, 1% Carbon 3,220 10,565
302 Stainless Steel 3,120 10,236 5.690 0.224
303 Stainless Steel 3,120 10,236 5.640 0.222
304 Stainless Steel 3,141 10,306 5.920 0.233
3,150 10,335 5.88 0.2315
Sound Speed*
Long. Wave (25°C)
304L Stainless Steel 3,070 10,073 5.790 0.228
316 Stainless Steel 3,272 10,735 5.720 0.225
347 Stainless Steel 3,095 10,512 5.720 0.225
Aluminum 3,100 10,171 6.32 0.2488
Aluminum (rolled) 3,040 9,974
Copper 2,260 7,415 4.66 0.1835
Copper (annealed) 2,325 7,628
Copper (rolled) 2,270 7,448
CuNi (70%Cu 30%Ni) 2,540 8,334 5.03 0.1980
CuNi (90%Cu 10%Ni) 2,060 6,759 4.01 0.1579
Brass (Naval) 2,120 6,923 4.43 0.1744
Gold (hard-drawn) 1,200 3,937 3.24 0.1276
Inconel 3,020 9,909 5.82 0.2291
Iron (electrolytic) 3,240 10,630 5.90 0.2323
*Please note these values are to be considered nominal. Solids may be
inhomogenous and anisotropic. Actual values depend on exact composition,
Sound Speeds and Pipe Size Data 1
temperature, and to a lesser extent, on pressure or stress.
August 2004
Table 1: Soun d Spe ed s in Sol id s (cont.)
Sound Speed*
Shear Wave (25°C)
Sound Speed*
Long. Wave (25°C)
Material m/s ft/s mm/µs in./µs
Iron (Armco) 3,240 10,630 5.90 0.2323
Ductile Iron 3,000 9,843
Cast Iron 2,500 8,203 4.55 0.1791
Monel 2,720 8,924 5.35 0.2106
Nickel 2,960 9,712 5.63 0.2217
Tin, rolled 1,670 5,479 3.32 0.1307
Titanium 3,125 10,253 6.10 0.2402
Tungsten, annealed 2,890 9,482 5.18 0.2039
Tungsten, drawn 2,640 8,661
Tungsten, carbide 3,980 13,058
Zinc, rolled 2,440 8,005 4.17 0.1642
Glass, Pyrex 3,280 10,761 5.61 0.2209
Glass, heavy silicate flint 2,380 7,808
Glass, light borate crown 2,840 9,318 5.26 0.2071
Nylon 1,150 3,772 2.40 0.0945
Nylon, 6-6 1,070 3,510
Polyethylene (HD) 2.31 0.0909
Polyethylene (LD) 540 1,772 1.94 0.0764
PVC, CPVC 1,060 3,477 2.40 0.0945
Acrylic 1,430 4,690 2.73 0.1075
Asbestos Cement 2.20 0.0866
Tar Epoxy 2.00 0.0787
Mortar 2.50 0.0984
Rubber 1.90 0.0748
*Please note these values are to be considered nominal. Solids may be
inhomogenous and anisotropic. Actual values depend on exact composition,
temperature, and to a lesser extent, on pressure or stress.
2 Sound Speeds and Pipe Size Data
Table 2: Sou nd Spe ed s in Flu ids
All data given at 25°C (77°F) unless otherwise noted.
August 2004
Substance
Chemical
Formula
Acetic anhydride (22) (CH
Acetic acid, anhydride (22) (CH
Acetic acid, nitrile C
Acetic acid, ethyl ester (33) C
Acetic acid, methyl ester C
Acetone C
Acetonitrile C
Acetonylacetone C
Acetylen dichloride C
Acetylene tetrabromide (47)
C2H2Br
Acetylene tetrachloride (47) C
Kinematic
∆
Specific
Gravity
CO)2O 1.082
3
Sound Speed
m/s ft/s m/s/°C
1,180 3,871.4 2.5 0.769 8.274
v/°C
Viscosity x10
2
/s ft2/s
m
(20°C)
CO)2O 1.082
3
1,180 3,871.4 2.5 0.769 8.274
(20°C)
N 0.783 1,290 4,232.3 4.1 0.441 4.745
2H3
4H8O2
3H6O2
O 0.791 1,174 3,851.7 4.5 0.399 4.293
3H6
N 0.783 1,290 4,232.3 4.1 0.441 4.745
2H3
6H10O2
2H2Cl2
4
2H2Cl4
0.901 1,085 3,559.7 4.4 0.467 5.025
0.934 1,211 3,973.1 0.407 4.379
0.729 1,399 4,589.9 3.6
1.26 1,015 3,330.1 3.8 0.400 4.304
2.966 1,027 3,369.4
1.595 1,147 3,763.1 1.156
(15°C)
-6
12.438
(59°F)
Alcohol C
Alkazene-13 C
Alkazene-25 C
2-Amino-ethanol C
2-Aminotolidine (46) C
O 0.789 1,207 3,960 4.0 1.396 15.02
2H6
15H24
10H12Cl2
NO 1.018 1,724 5,656.2 3.4
2H7
N 0.999
7H9
0.86 1,317 4,320.9 3.9
1.20 1,307 4,288.1 3.4
1,618 5,308.4 4.394
(20°C)
4-Aminotolidine (46) C
N 0.966
7H9
1,480 4,855.6 1.863
(45°C)
Ammonia (35) NH
3
0.771 1,729
(-33°C)
Amorphous Polyolefin 0.98 962.6
(190°C)
t-Amyl alcohol C
Aminobenzene (41) C
Aniline (41) C
Argon (45) Ar 1.400
O 0.81 1,204 3,950.1 4.374 47.064
5H12
6H5NO2
6H5NO2
1.022 1,639 5,377.3 4.0 3.63 39.058
1.022 1,639 5,377.3 4.0 3.63 39.058
853
(-188°C)
(-188°C)
5,672.6
(-27°F)
3158.2
(374°F)
2798.6
(-306°F)
(20°C)
(50°C)
6.68 0.292
(-33°C)
26,600 286,000
47.279
(68°F)
20.045
(122°F)
3.141
(-27°F)
Sound Speeds and Pipe Size Data 3
August 2004
Table 2: Soun d Sp ee ds in Flu id s (con t.)
All data given at 25°C (77°F) unless otherwise noted.
Substance
Chemical
Formula
Azine C
Benzene (29, 40, 41) C
Benzol (29, 40, 41) C
6H5
6H6
6H6
Bromine (21) Br
Bromo-benzene (46) C
1-Bromo-butane (46) C
Bromo-ethane (46) C
6H5
4H9
2H5
Bromoform (46, 47) CHBr
n-Butane ( 2 ) C
4H10
∆
Specific
Gravity
Sound Speed
m/s ft/s m/s/°C
v/°C
Viscosity x10
m
N 0.982 1,415 4,642.4 4.1 0.992
(20°C)
0.879 1,306 4,284.8 4.65 0.711 7.65
0.879 1,306 4,284.8 4.65 0.711 7.65
2
Br 1.522 1,170
Br 1.276
Br 1.460
3
2.928 889 2,916.7 3.0 0.323 3.475
(20°C)
(20°C)
2.89
3,838.6
(20°C)
1,019
(20°C)
900
(20°C)
(68°F)
3,343.2
(68°F)
2,952.8
(68°F)
918 3,011.8 3.1 0.654 7.037
0.693 7.456
0.49
(15°C)
0.275 2.959
(20°C)
0.601
(0°C)
1,085
(-5°C)
3,559.7
(23°F)
5.8
Kinematic
2
/s ft2/s
10.673
(68°F)
5.272
(59°F)
-6
2-Butanol C
sec-Butylalcohol C
n-Butyl bromide (46) C
n-Butyl chloride (22, 46) C
tert Butyl chloride C
Butyl oleate C
2, 3 Butylene glycol C
O 0.81 1,240 4,068.2 3.3 3.239 34.851
4H10
O 0.81 1,240 4,068.2 3.3 3.239 34.851
4H10
Br 1.276
4H9
(20°C)
Cl 0.887 1,140 3,740.2 4.57 0.529
4H9
Cl 0.84 984 3,228.3 4.2 0.646 6.95
4H9
22H42O2
4H10O2
1.019 1,484 4,868.8 1.51
1,019
(20°C)
1,404 4,606.3 3.0
Cadmium (7) Cd 2,237.7
(400°C)
Carbinol (40, 41) CH
O 0.791
4
1,076 3,530.2 2.92 0.695 7.478
(20°C)
Carbitol C
6H14O3
Carbon dioxide (26) CO
Carbon disulphide CS
2
2
0.988 1,458 4,783.5
1.101
(-37°C)
1.261
839
(-37°C)
1,149 3,769.7 0.278 2.991
(22°C)
3,343.2
(68°F)
7,341.5
(752°F)
2,752.6
(-35°F)
0.49
(15°C)
(15°C)
1.355cp
(440°C)
7.71 0.137
(-37°C)
5.272
(59°F)
5.692
(59°F)
14.579
(824°F)
1.474
(-35°F)
4 Sound Speeds and Pipe Size Data
Table 2: Soun d Sp ee ds in Flu id s (con t.)
All data given at 25°C (77°F) unless otherwise noted.
August 2004
Substance
Chemical
Formula
Carbon tetrachloride
CCl
(33, 35, 47)
Carbon tetrafluoride (14)
CF
(Freon 14)
Cetane (23) C
Chloro-benezene C
1-Chloro-butane (22, 46) C
Chloro-diFluoromethane (3)
16H34
6H5
4H9
CHClF
(Freon 22)
Chloroform (47) CHCl
1-Chloro-propane (47) C
3H7
Chlorotrifluoromethane (5) CClF
Kinematic
∆
Specific
Gravity
4
1.595
Sound Speed
m/s ft/s m/s/°C
926 3038.1 2.48 0.607 6.531
v/°C
Viscosity x10
2
/s ft2/s
m
(20°C)
4
1.75
(-150°C)
0.773
875.2
(-150°C)
2,871.5
(-238°F)
6.61
1,338 4,389.8 3.71 4.32 46.483
(20°C)
Cl 1.106 1,273 4,176.5 3.6 0.722 7.768
Cl 0.887 1,140 3,740.2 4.57 0.529
(15°C)
2
1.491
(-69°C)
3
1.489 979 3,211.9 3.4 0.55 5.918
893.9
(-50°C)
2,932.7
(-58°F)
4.79
5.692
(59°F)
Cl 0.892 1,058 3,471.1 0.378 4.067
3
724
(-82°C)
2,375.3
(-116°F)
5.26
-6
Cinnamaldehyde C
Cinnamic aldehyde C
Colamine C
o-Cresol (46) C
m-Cresol (46) C
Cyanomethane C
Cyclohexane (15) C
Cyclohexanol C
Cyclohexanone C
Decane ( 4 6 ) C
1-Decene (27) C
n-Decylene (27) C
Diacetyl C
O 1.112 1,554 5,098.4 3.2
9H8
O 1.112 1,554 5,098.4 3.2
9H8
NO 1.018 1,724 5,656.2 3.4
2H7
O 1.047
7H8
(20°C)
O 1.034
7H8
(20°C)
N 0.783 1,290 4,232.3 4.1 0.441 4.745
2H3
6H12
0.779
(20°C)
O 0.962 1,454 4,770.3 3.6 0.071
6H12
1,541
(20°C)
1,500
(20°C)
5,055.8
(68°F)
4,921.3
(68°F)
4.29
(40°C)
5.979
(40°C)
1,248 4,094.5 5.41 1.31
(17°C)
(17°C)
O 0.948 1,423 4,668.6 4.0
6H10
10H22
0.730 1,252 4,107.6 1.26
(20°C)
10H20
10H20
4H6O2
0.746 1,235 4,051.8 4.0
0.746 1,235 4,051.8 4.0
0.99 1,236 4,055.1 4.6
46.16
(104°F)
64.334
(104°F)
14.095
(63°F)
0.764
(63°F)
13.55
(68°F)
Sound Speeds and Pipe Size Data 5
August 2004
Table 2: Soun d Sp ee ds in Flu id s (con t.)
All data given at 25°C (77°F) unless otherwise noted.
Substance
Chemical
Diamylamine C
1,2 Dibromo-ethane (47) C
trans-1,2-Dibromoethene
(47)
Dibutyl phthalate C
Dich l o r o-t-butyl al c o ho l C
2,3 Dichlorodioxane C
Dichlorodifluoromethane
(3) (Freon 12)
1,2 Dichloro ethane (47) C
cis1,2-Dichloro-ethene
(3, 47)
trans1,2-Dichloro-ethene
(3, 47)
Specific
Formula
N 1,256 4,120.7 3.9
10H23
2H4Br2
C
2H2Br2
8H22O4
O 1,304 4,278.2 3.8
4H8Cl2
2H6Cl2O2
CCl
2F2
Gravity
2.18 995 3,264.4 0.79
2.231 935 3,067.6
1.516
Sound Speed
m/s ft/s m/s/°C
1,408 4,619.4
1,391 4,563.6 3.7
774.1 2,539.7 4.24
(40°C)
2H4Cl2
C
2H2Cl2
C
2H2Cl2
1.253 1,193 3,914 0.61 6.563
1.284 1,061 3,481
1.257 1,010 3,313.6
∆
v/°C
Kinematic
Viscosity x10
2
/s ft2/s
m
(20°C)
(68°F)
-6
8.5
Dichloro-fluoromethane (3)
CHCl
(Freon 21)
1-2-Dichlorohexafluoro-
C
4Cl2F6
cyclobutane (47)
1-3-Dichloro-isobutane C
4H8Cl2
Dichloro methane (3) CH
1,1-Dichloro-1,2,2,2
CClF
tetra fluoroethane
Diethyl ether C
Diethylene glycol C
Diethylene glycol,
4H10
4H10O3
C
6H14O3
monoethyl ether
Diethylenimide oxide C
1,2-bis(DiFluoramino)
C
4H9
4H8
butane (43)
1,2-bis(DiFluoramino)-
C
4H9
2-methylpropane (43)
1,2-bis(DiFluoramino)
C
3H6
propane (43)
F 1.426
2
(0°C)
891
(0°C)
2,923.2
(32°F)
3.97
1.654 669 2,194.9
1.14 1,220 4,002.6 3.4
2Cl2
-CClF
2
1.327 1,070 3,510.5 3.94 0.31 3.335
1.455 665.3
2
(-10°C)
2,182.7
(14°F)
3.73
O 0.713 985 3,231.6 4.87 0.311 3.346
1.116 1,586 5,203.4 2.4
0.988 1,458 4,783.5
NO 1.00 1,442 4,731 3.8
(NF2)
(NF2)
(NF2)
1.216 1,000 3,280.8
2
1.213 900 2,952.8
2
1.265 960 3,149.6
2
6 Sound Speeds and Pipe Size Data
Table 2: Soun d Sp ee ds in Flu id s (con t.)
All data given at 25°C (77°F) unless otherwise noted.
August 2004
Substance
Chemical
Formula
2,2-bis(DiFluoramino
C
3H6
propane (43)
2,2-Dihydroxydiethyl ether C
Dihydroxyethane C
1,3-Dimethyl-benzene (46) C
1,2-Dimethyl-benzene
(29, 46)
1,4-Dimethyl-benzene (46) C
2,2-Dimethyl-butane
(29, 33)
Dimethyl ketone C
Dimethyl pentane (47) C
Dimethyl phthalate C
Kinematic
∆
v/°C
Viscosity x10
2
/s ft2/s
m
0.749
(15°C)
(20°C)
0.662 7.123
(NF2)
4H10O3
2H6O2
8H10
C
8H10
8H10
C
6H14
Specific
Gravity
1.254 890 2920
2
Sound Speed
m/s ft/s m/s/°C
1.116 1,586 5,203.4 2.4
1.113 1,658 5,439.6 2.1
0.868
(15°C)
0.897
1,343
(20°C)
1,331.5 4,368.4 4.1 0.903
(20°C)
1,334
(20°C)
0.649
1,079 3,540
4,406.2
(68°F)
4,376.6
(68°F)
(20°C)
O 0.791 1,174 3,851.7 4.5 0.399 4.293
3H6
7H16
8H10O4
0.674 1,063 3,487.5
1.2 1,463 4,799.9
-6
8.059
(59°F)
9.716
(68°F)
Diiodo-methane CH
Dioxane C
Dodec ane ( 2 3 ) C
1,2-Ethanediol C
Ethanenitrile C
Ethan oi c anh ydr i d e ( 2 2 ) (CH
Ethanol C
Ethan ol amide C
Ethoxyethane C
Ethyl ac e tate ( 3 3 ) C
Ethyl al c o ho l C
4H8O2
12H26
2H6O2
2H3
3
2H6
2H7
4H10
4H8O2
2H6
Ethyl benzene (46) C
Ethyl Bromide (46) C
2H5
Ethyliodide (46) C
2I2
3.235 980 3,215.2
1.033 1,376 4,514.4
0.749 1,279 4,196.2 3.85 1.80 19.368
1.113 1,658 5,439.6 2.1
N 0.783 1,290 4,232.3 0.441 4.745
CO)2O 1.082 1,180 3,871.4 0.769 8.274
O 0.789 1,207 3,960 4.0 1.39 14.956
NO 1.018 1,724 5,656.2 3.4
O 0.713 985 3,231.6 4.87 0.311 3.346
0.901 1,085 3,559.7 4.4 0.489 5.263
O 0.789 1,207 3,960 4.0 1.396 15.020
8H10
Br 1.461
I 1.950
2H5
0.867
(20°C)
(20°C)
(20°C)
1,338
(20°C)
900
(20°C)
876
(20°C)
4,389.8
(68°F)
2,952.8
(68°F)
2874
(68°F)
0.797
(17°C)
0.275
(20°C)
8.575
(63°F)
2.959
(68°F)
0.29 3.12
Sound Speeds and Pipe Size Data 7
August 2004
Table 2: Soun d Sp ee ds in Flu id s (con t.)
All data given at 25°C (77°F) unless otherwise noted.
Substance
Chemical
Ether C
Ethyl ether C
Ethylene bromide (47) C
Ethyl e n e c hl o r i de ( 4 7) C
Ethylene glycol C
d-Fenochone C
d-2-Fenechanone C
Formula
O 0.713 985 3231.6 4.87 0.311 3.346
4H10
O 0.713 985 3231.6 4.87 0.311 3.346
4H10
2H4Br2
2H4Cl2
2H6O2
O 0.947 1,320 4330.7 0.22 2.367
10H16
O 0.947 1,320 4330.7 0.22 2.367
10H16
Specific
Gravity
2.18 995 3264.4 0.79 8.5
1.253 1,193 3914 0.61 6.563
1.113 1,658 5439.6 2.1 17.208
Fluorine F 0.545
(-143°C)
Fluoro-benzene (46) C
F 1.024
6H5
(20°C)
Formaldehyde,
C
2H4O2
0.974 1,127 3697.5 4.02
methyl ester
∆
Sound Speed
m/s ft/s m/s/°C
v/°C
Viscosity x10
m
(20°C)
403
(-143°C)
1322.2
(-225°F)
11.31
1,189 3900.9 0.584
(20°C)
Kinematic
2
/s ft2/s
185.158
(68°F)
6.283
(68°F)
-6
Formamide CH
NO 1.134
3
1,622 5321.5 2.2 2.91 31.311
(20°C)
Formic acid, amide CH
NO 1.134
3
1,622 5321.5 2.91 31.311
(20°C)
Freon R12 774.2 2540
Furfural C
Furfuryl alcohol C
Fural C
2-Furaldehyde C
2-Furancarboxaldehyde C
2-Furyl-Methanol C
5H4O2
5H6O2
5H4O2
5H4O2
5H4O2
5H6O2
Gallium Ga 6.095 2,870
Glycerin C
Glycerol C3H8O
Glycol C2H6O
50% Glycol / 50% H
O 1,578 5,177
2
3H8O3
3
2
1.157 1,444 4737.5 3.7
1.135 1,450 4757.2 3.4
1.157 1,444 4737.5 3.7
1.157 1,444 4737.5 3.7
1.157 1,444 4737.5 3.7
1.135 1,450 4757.2 3.4
9416
(30°C)
(86°F)
1.26 1,904 6246.7 2.2 757.1
1.26 1,904 6246.7 2.2 757.1
1.113 1658 5439.6 2.1
8,081.836
8,081.836
8 Sound Speeds and Pipe Size Data
Table 2: Soun d Sp ee ds in Flu id s (con t.)
All data given at 25°C (77°F) unless otherwise noted.
August 2004
Substance
Chemical
Formula
Helium (45) He
Heptane (22, 23) C
n-Heptane (29, 33) C
Hexachloro-
7H16
7H16
C
5Cl6
Cyclopentadiene (47)
Hexadecane (23) C
Hexalin C
Hexane (16, 22, 23) C
n-Hexane (29, 33) C
2,5-Hexanedione C
16H34
6H12
6H14
6H14
6H10O2
∆
Specific
Gravity
4
0.125
(-269°C)
0.684
Sound Speed
m/s ft/s m/s/°C
183
(-269°C)
600.4
(-452°F)
1,131 3,710.6 4.25 0.598
(20°C)
0.684
1,180 3,871.3 4.0
v/°C
Viscosity x10
m
0.025 .269
(20°C)
(20°C)
1.7180 1,150 3,773
0.773
(20°C)
1,338 4,389.8 3.71 4.32
(20°C)
O 0.962 1,454 4,770.3 3.6 70.69
(17°C)
0.659 1,112 3,648.3 2.71 0.446 4.798
0.649
1,079 3,540 4.53
(20°C)
0.729 1,399 4,589.9 3.6
Kinematic
2
/s ft2/s
6.434
(68°F)
46.483
(68°F)
760.882
(63°F)
-6
n-Hexanol C
Hexahyd r o be nz e n e ( 1 5 ) C
Hexahydrophenol C
Hexame t hylene ( 1 5 ) C
6H14
6H12
6H12
6H12
Hydrogen (45) H
2-Hydroxy-toluene (46) C
3-Hydroxy-toluene (46) C
Iodo-benzene (46) C
Iodo-ethane (46) C
7H8
7H8
6H5
2H5
Iodo-methane CH
Isobutyl acetate (22) C
6H12
O 0.819 1,300 4,265.1 3.8
0.779 1,248 4,094.5 5.41 1.31
O 0.962 1,454 4,770.3 3.6
0.779 1,248 4,094.5 5.41 1.31
2
0.071
(-256°C)
O 1.047
(20°C)
O 1.034
(20°C)
I 1.823 1,114
I 1.950
(20°C)
I2.28
3
1,187
(-256°C)
1,541
(20°C)
1,500
(20°C)
3,894.4
(-429°F)
5,055.8
(68°F)
4,921.3
(68°F)
3,654.9
(20°C)
876
(20°C)
(68°F)
2,874
(68°F)
978 3,208.7 0.211 2.27
(20°C)
O 1,180
(27°C)
3,871.4
(81°F)
4.85
(17°C)
(17°C)
0.003
(-256°C)
(-429°F)
4.29
(40°C)
5.979
(40°C)
0.954
0.29 3.12
14.095
(63°F)
14.095
(63°F)
0.032
46.16
(104°F)
64.334
(104°F)
Sound Speeds and Pipe Size Data 9
August 2004
Table 2: Soun d Sp ee ds in Flu id s (con t.)
All data given at 25°C (77°F) unless otherwise noted.
∆
Substance
Chemical
Isobutanol C
Formula
O0.81
4H10
Specific
Gravity
Sound Speed
m/s ft/s m/s/°C
1,212 3,976.4
v/°C
(20°C)
Iso-Butane 1,219.8 4002
Isopentane (36) C
Isopropanol (46) C
Isopropyl alcohol (46) C
5H12
O 0.785
3H8
O 0.785
3H8
0.62 (20°C) 980 3,215.2 4.8 0.34 3.658
(20°C)
(20°C)
1,170
(20°C)
1,170
(20°C)
3,838.6
(68°F)
3,838.6
(68°F)
Kerosene 0.81 1,324 4,343.8 3.6
Ketohexamethylene C
Lithium fluoride (42) LiF 2,485
Mercury (45) Hg 13.594 1,449
Mesityloxide C
O 0.948 1,423 4,668.6 4.0
6H10
8,152.9
(900°C)
(1652°F)
4,753.9
(24°C)
O 0.85 1,310 4,297.9
6H16
(75°F)
1.29
Kinematic
Viscosity x10
2
/s ft2/s
m
-6
2.718 29.245
2.718 29.245
0.114 1.226
Methane (25, 28, 38, 39) CH
Methanol (40, 41) CH
Methyl ac e tate C
o-Methylaniline (46) C
4-Methylaniline (46) C
3H6O2
7H9
7H9
Methyl al c o ho l ( 4 0 , 4 4) CH
Methyl benzene (16, 52) C
2-Methyl-butane (36) C
Methyl c ar bi n ol C
Methyl-chloroform (47) C
Methyl-cyanide C
3-Methyl cyclohexanol C
7H8
5H12
2H6
2H3Cl3
2H3
7H14
4
0.162
(-89°C)
O 0.791
4
405
(-89°C)
1,328.7
(-128°F)
17.5
1,076 3,530.2 2.92 0.695 7.478
(20°C)
0.934 1,211 3,973.1 0.407 4.379
N 0.999
(20°C)
N 0.966
(45°C)
O 0.791
4
1,618 5,308.4 4.394
(20°C)
1,480 4,855.6 1.863
(50°C)
47.279
(68°F)
20.095
(122°F)
1,076 3,530.2 2.92 0.695 7.478
(20°C)
0.867 1,328
(20°C)
4,357
(68°F)
4.27 0.644 7.144
0.62 (20°C) 980 3,215.2 0.34 3.658
O 0.789 1,207 3,960 4.0 1.396
1.33 985 3,231.6 0.902
(20°C)
9.705
(68°F)
N 0.783 1,290 4,232.3 0.441 4.745
O 0.92 1,400 4,593.2
10 Sound Speeds and Pipe Size Data
Table 2: Soun d Sp ee ds in Flu id s (con t.)
All data given at 25°C (77°F) unless otherwise noted.
August 2004
Substance
Chemical
Formula
Methyl e n e c hl o r i de ( 3 ) CH
Methyl e n e i o di de CH
Methyl fo r mat e ( 2 2 ) C
2H4O2
2Cl2
2I2
Specific
Gravity
1.327 1,070 3,510.5 3.94 0.31 3.335
3.235 980 3,215.2
0.974
Sound Speed
m/s ft/s m/s/°C
1,127 3,697.5 4.02
(20°C)
Methyl i o di de CH
a
-Meth yl nap ht halene C
2-Methylphenol (46) C
3-Methylphenol (46) C
I 2.28 (20°C) 978 3,208.7 0.211 2.27
3
11H10
O 1.047
7H8
O 1.034
7H8
1.090 1,510 4,954.1 3.7
(20°C)
(20°C)
1,541
(20°C)
1,500
(20°C)
5,055.8
(68°F)
4,921.3
(68°F)
Milk, homogenized 1,548 5,080
Morpholine C
NO 1.00 1,442 4,731 3.8
4H9
Naphtha 0.76 1,225 4,019
Natural Gas (37) 0.316
(-103°C)
753
(-103°C)
2,470.5
(-153°F)
∆
v/°C
Kinematic
Viscosity x10
2
/s ft2/s
m
4.29
(40°C)
5.979
(40°C)
46.16
(104°F)
64.334
(104°F)
-6
Neon (45) Ne 1.207
(-246°C)
Nitrobenzene (46) C
6H5NO2
1.204
(20°C)
Nitrogen (45) N
2
0.808
(-199°C)
Nitromethane (43) CH
Nonane (23) C
3NO2
O 0.718
9H2
1.135 1,300 4,265.1 4.0 0.549 5.907
(20°C)
1-Nonene (27) C
9H18
0.736
595
(-246°C)
1,415
(20°C)
962
(-199°C)
1,952.1
(-411°F)
4,642.4
(68°F)
3,156.2
(-326°F)
1.514 16.29
0.217
(-199°C)
1,207 3,960 4.04 0.99
(20°C)
1,207 3,960 4.0
(20°C)
Octane (23) C
n-Octane (29) C
8H18
8H18
0.703 1,172 3,845.1 4.14 0.73 7.857
0.704
1,212.5 3,978 3.50 0.737 .930)
(20°C)
1-Octene (27) C
8H16
0.723
1,175.5 3,856.6 4.10
(20°C)
Oil of Camphor Sassafrassy 1,390 4,560.4 3.8
Oil, Car (SAE 20a.30) 1.74 870 2,854.3 190
Oil, Castor C11H10O
10
0.969 1,477 4,845.8 3.6 0.670 7.209
2.334
(-326°F)
10.652
(68°F)
2,045.093
Sound Speeds and Pipe Size Data 11
August 2004
Table 2: Soun d Sp ee ds in Flu id s (con t.)
All data given at 25°C (77°F) unless otherwise noted.
Kinematic
∆
Substance
Chemical
Formula
Specific
Gravity
Sound Speed
m/s ft/s m/s/°C
v/°C
Viscosity x10
2
m
Oil, Diesel 0.80 1,250 4,101
Oil, Fuel AA gravity 0.99 1,485 4,872 3.7
Oil (Lubricating X200) 1,530 5,019.9
Oil (Olive) 0.912 1,431 4,694.9 2.75 100
Oil (Peanut) 0.936 1,458 4,783.5
Oil (Sperm) 0.88 1,440 4,724.4
Oil, 6 1,509
(22°C)
2,2-Oxydiethanol C
4H10O3
Oxygen ( 4 5 ) O
Pentachloro-ethane (47) C
Pentalin (47) C
Pentane (36) C
2
2
5H12
2
HCl
HCl
5
5
1.116 1,586 5,203.4 2.4
1.155
(-186°C)
952
(-186°C)
1.687 1,082 3,549.9
1.687 1,082 3,549.9
0.626
1,020 3,346.5 0.363 3.905
4,951
(72°F)
3,123.4
(-303°F)
0.173 1.861
(20°C)
-6
/s ft2/s
1,076.365
n-Pentane (47) C
Perchlorocyclopentadiene (47)
Perchloro-ethylene (47) C
Perfluoro-1-Hepten (47) C
Perfluoro-n-Hexane (47) C
Phene (29, 40, 41) C
b
-Phenyl acrolein C
Phenylamine (41) C
6H5NO2
Phenyl bromide (46) C
Phenyl chloride C
Phenyl iodide (46) C
Phenyl methane (16, 52) C
3-Phenyl propenal C
5H12
C5Cl
6
2Cl4
7F14
6F14
6H6
O 1.112 1,554 5,098.4 3.2
9H8
0.557 1,006 3,300.5 0.41 4.413
1.718 1,150 3,773
1.632 1,036 3,399
1.67 583 1,912.7
1.672 508 1,666.7
0.879 1,306 4,284.8 4.65 0.711 7.65
1.022 1,639 5,377.3 4.0 3.63 39.058
Br 1.522 1,170
6H5
(20°C)
Cl 1.106 1,273 4,176.5 3.6 0.722 7.768
6H5
I 1.823 1,114
6H5
(20°C)
7H8
0.867
(20°C)
O 1.112 1,554 5,098.4 3.2
9H8
1,328
(20°C)
3,838.6
(68°F)
3,654.9
(68°F)
4,357
(68°F)
0.693 7.456
0.954
(15°C)
4.27 0.644 6.929
10.265
(59°F)
12 Sound Speeds and Pipe Size Data
Table 2: Soun d Sp ee ds in Flu id s (con t.)
All data given at 25°C (77°F) unless otherwise noted.
August 2004
Substance
Chemical
Formula
Phthalardione C
Phthalic acid, anhydride C
Pthali c anh ydr i d e C
Pimelic ketone C
Specific
Gravity
8H4O3
8H4O3
8H4O3
O 0.948 1,423 4,668.6 4.0
6H10
Sound Speed
m/s ft/s m/s/°C
1,125
(152°C)
1,125
(152°C)
1,125
(152°C)
3,691
(306°F)
3,691
(306°F)
3,691
(306°F)
Plexiglas, Lucite, Acrylic 2,651 8,698
Polyterpene Resin 0.77 1,099.8
(190°C)
Potassium bromide (42) KBr 1,169
(900°C)
Potassium fluoride (42) KF 1,792
(900°C)
Potassium iodide (42) KI 985
(900°C)
3,608.4
(374°F)
3,835.3
(1652°F)
5,879.3
(1652°F)
3,231.6
(1652°F)
∆
v/°C
Viscosity x10
2
m
39,000 419,500
0.71 .715cp
(900°C)
1.03
0.64
Kinematic
-6
/s ft2/s
7.693
(1652°F)
Potassium nitrate (48) KNO
Propane (2, 13)
C
3H8
(-45° to -130°C)
1,2,3-Propanetriol C
1-Propanol (46) C
2-Propanol (46) C
2-Propanone C
Propene (17, 18, 35) C
n-Propyl acetate (22) C
n-Propyl-alcohol C
Propylchloride (47) C
Propylene (17, 18, 35) C
3H8O3
3H8
3H8
3H6
3H6
5H10O2
3H8
3H7
3H6
3
1.859
(352°C)
0.585
(-45°C)
1,740.1
(352°C)
1,003
(-45°C)
5,709
(666°F)
3,290.6
(-49°F)
1.1 1.19
(327°C)
5.7
12.804
(621°F)
1.26 1,904 6,246.7 2.2 .000757
O 0.78 (20°C) 1,222
(20°C)
O 0.785
(20°C)
1,170
(20°C)
4,009.2
(68°F)
3,838.6
(68°F)
2.718 29.245
O 0.791 1,174 3,851.7 4.5 0.399 4.293
0.563
(-13°C)
O 0.78 (20°C) 1,222
963
(-13°C)
1,280
(2°C)
(20°C)
3,159.4
(9°F)
4,199
(36°F)
4,009.2
(68°F)
6.32
4.63
2.549 27.427
Cl 0.892 1,058 3,471.1 0.378 4.067
0.563
(-13°C)
963
(-13°C)
(3159.4)
(9°F)
6.32
Sound Speeds and Pipe Size Data 13
August 2004
Table 2: Soun d Sp ee ds in Flu id s (con t.)
All data given at 25°C (77°F) unless otherwise noted.
Substance
Chemical
Formula
Pyridine C
Refrigerant 11 (3, 4) CCl
Refrigerant 12 (3) CCl
6H5
3
2F2
Refrigerant 14 (14) CF
Refrigerant 21 (3) CHCl
Refrigerant 22 (3) CHClF
Refrigerant 113 (3) CCl
Refrigerant 114 (3) CClF
F-CClF
2
-CClF
2
∆
Specific
Gravity
Sound Speed
m/s ft/s m/s/°C
v/°C
Viscosity x10
m
N 0.982 1,415 4,642.4 4.1 0.992
(20°C)
F 1.49 828.3
(0°C)
1.516
(-40°C)
4
1.75
(-150°C)
F 1.426 (0°C) 891
2
774.1
(-40°C)
875.24
(-150°C)
(0°C)
2
1.491
(-69°C)
1.563 783.7
2
893.9
(50°C)
(0°C)
1.455 665.3
2
(-10°C)
2,717.5
(32°F)
2,539.7
(-40°F)
2,871.5
(-238°F)
2,923.2
(32°F)
2,932.7
(122°F)
2,571.2
(32°F)
2,182.7
(14°F)
3.56
4.24
6.61
3.97
4.79
3.44
3.73
Kinematic
2
/s ft2/s
10.673
(68°F)
-6
Refrigerant 115 (3) C
Refrigerant C318 (3) C
Selenium (8) Se 1,072
2
ClF
4F8
5
656.4
(-50°C)
1.62
(-20°C)
574
(-10°C)
(250°C)
2,153.5
(-58°F)
1,883.2
(14°F)
3,517.1
(482°F)
4.42
3.88
0.68
Silicone (30 cp) 0.993 990 3,248 30 322.8
Sodium fluoride (42) NaF 0.877 2,082
(1000°C)
Sodium nitrate (48) NaNO
Sodium nitrite (48) NaNO
3
2
1.884
(336°C)
1.805
(292°C)
1,763.3
(336°C)
1,876.8
(292°C)
6,830.7
(1832°F)
5,785.1
(637°F)
6,157.5
(558°F)
1.32
0.74 1.37
(336°C)
14.74
(637°F)
Solvesso #3 0.877 1,370 4,494.8 3.7
Spirit of wine C
Sulfur (7, 8, 10) S 1,177
Sulfuric Acid (1) H
Tellurium (7) Te 991
O 0.789 1,207 3,960 4.0 1.396 15.02
2H6
2SO4
3,861.5
(250°C)
(482°F)
1.841 1,257.6 4,126 1.43 11.16 120.081
3,251.3
(450°C)
(842°F)
-1.13
0.73
14 Sound Speeds and Pipe Size Data
Table 2: Soun d Sp ee ds in Flu id s (con t.)
All data given at 25°C (77°F) unless otherwise noted.
August 2004
Substance
Chemical
Formula
1,1,2,2-Tetrabromo-ethane
C
(47)
1,1,2,2-Tetrachloro-ethane
C
(67)
Tetrachloroethane (46) C
Tetrachloro-ethene (47) C
Tetrachloro-Methane (33,
47)
Tetradecane (46) C
Tetraethylene glycol C
Tetrafluoro-methane (14)
(Freon 14)
Tetrahydro-1,4-isoxazine C
Sound Speed
m/s ft/s m/s/°C
1,170
(20°C)
3,838.6
(68°F)
926 3,038.1 0.607 6.531
2H2Br4
2H2Cl4
2H2Cl4
2Cl4
CCl
4
Specific
Gravity
2.966 1,027 3,369.4
1.595 1,147 3,763.1 1.156
1.553
(20°C)
1.632 1,036 3,399
1.595
(20°C)
O 0.763
14H3
(20°C)
8H18O5
CF
4
1.123 1,586 5,203.4 3.0
1.75
(-150°C)
NO 1.000 1,442 4,731 3.8
4H9
1,331
(20°C)
875.24
(-150°C)
4,366.8
(68°F)
2,871.5
(-238°F)
∆
v/°C
6.61
Kinematic
Viscosity x10
2
/s ft2/s
m
12.438
(15°C)
(59°F)
1.19 12.804
2.86
(20°C)
30.773
(68°F)
-6
Toluene (16, 52) C
o-Toluidine (46) C
p-Toluidine (46) C
Toluol C
7H8
7H9
7H9
7H8
Tribromo-methane (46, 47) CHBr
1,1,1-Trichloro-ethane (47) C
Trichloro-ethene (47) C
Trichloro-fluoromethane (3)
2H3Cl3
HCl
2
CCl
(Freon 11)
Trichloro-methane (47) CHCl
1,1,2-Trichloro-
CCl
F-CClF
2
1,2,2-Trifluoro-Etham
Triethyl-amine (33) C
Triethylene glycol C
6H15
6H14O4
0.867
(20°C)
N 0.999
1,328
(20°C)
4,357
(68°F)
1,618 5,308.4 4.394
(20°C)
N 0.966
1,480 4,855.6 1.863
(45°C)
0.866 1,308 4,291.3 4.2 0.58 6.24
2.89 (20°C) 918 3,011.8 0.654 7.037
3
1.33 985 3,231.6 0.902
3
F 1.49 828.3
3
3
1.464 1,028 3,372.7
2,717.5
(0°C)
(32°F)
1.489 979 3,211.9 3.4 0.55 5.918
1.563 783.7
2
(0°C)
2,571.2
(32°F)
N 0.726 1,123 3,684.4 4.47
1.123 1,608 5,275.6 3.8
4.27 0.644 6.929
47.279
(20°C)
(68°F)
20.053
(50°C)
(122°F)
9.705
(20°C)
(68°F)
3.56
Sound Speeds and Pipe Size Data 15
August 2004
Table 2: Soun d Sp ee ds in Flu id s (con t.)
All data given at 25°C (77°F) unless otherwise noted.
Kinematic
Substance
1,1,1-Trifluoro-
Chemical
Formula
C2HClBrF
3
Specific
Gravity
Sound Speed
m/s ft/s m/s/°C
1.869 693 2,273.6
∆
v/°C
Viscosity x10
2
/s ft2/s
m
-6
2-Chloro-2-Bromo-Ethane
1,2,2-Trifluorotrichloro-
ethane (Freon 113)
d-1,3,3-Trimethylnorcamphor
Trinitrotoluene (43) C
CCl
F-CClF
2
1.563 783.7
2
(0°C)
2,571.2
(32°F)
3.44
C10H16O 0.947 1,320 4,330.7 0.22 2.367
7H5
(NO2)
3
1.64 1,610
(81°C)
5,282.2
(178°F)
Turpentine 0.88 1,255 4,117.5 1.4 15.064
Unisis 800 0.87 1,346 4,416
Water, distilled (49, 50) H
Water, heavy
O 0.996 1,498 4,914.7 -2.4 1.00 10.76
2
2
O
D
1,400 4,593
Water , sea 1.025 1,531 5,023 -2.4 1.00 10.76
Wood Alcohol (40, 41) CH
O 0.791
4
1,076 3,530.2 2.92 0.695 7.478
(20°C)
Xenon ( 4 5 ) Xe 6 3 0
(-109°C)
2,067
(-164°F)
m-Xylene (46) C
o-Xylene (29, 46) C
8H10
8H10
0.868
(15°C)
0.897
1,343
(20°C)
1,331.5 4,368.4 4.1 0.903
(20°C)
p-Xylene (46) C
8H10
1,334
(20°C)
Xylene hexafluoride C
8H4F6
1.37 879 2,883.9 0.613 6.595
Zinc (7) Zn 3,298
(450°C)
Note:
For critical applications, the sources of sound speed data for pure liquids can generally be
obtained from GE Infrastructure Sensing. Requests for sources must identify temperature and
pressure range, and details of liquid composition.
4,406.2
(68°F)
4,376.6
(68°F)
10,820.2
(842°F)
0.749
(15°C)
8.059
(59°F)
9.716
(20°C)
(68°F)
0.662 7.123
16 Sound Speeds and Pipe Size Data
August 2004
Sound Speeds Data
(cont.)
The values in Table 3 below are reproduced (with permission) from
American Institute of Physics Handbook, © McGraw-Hill Book Co.
Table 3: Soun d Spe e ds in Wa t e r at Sel ected Temp e ratu res
Temperature Sound Speed in Water Temperature Sound Speed in Water
°C °F m/s ft/s °C °F m/s ft/s
0 32.0 1,402 4,600
1 33.8 1,407 4,616 31 87.8 1,511 4,958
2 35.6 1,412 4,633 32 89.6 1,513 4,964
3 37.4 1,417 4,649 33 91.4 1,515 4,971
4 39.2 1,421 4,662 34 93.2 1,517 4,977
5 41.0 1,426 4,679 35 95.0 1,519 4,984
6 42.8 1,430 4,692 36 96.8 1,521 4,990
7 44.6 1,434 4,705 37 98.6 1,523 4,997
8 46.4 1,439 4,721 38 100.4 1,525 5,004
9 48.2 1,443 4,734 39 102.2 1,527 5,010
10 50.0 1,447 4,748 40 104.0 1,528 5,013
11 51.8 1,451 4,761 41 105.8 1,530 5,020
12 53.6 1,455 4,774 42 107.6 1,532 5,026
13 55.4 1,458 4,784 43 109.4 1,534 5,033
14 57.2 1,462 4,797 44 111.2 1,535 5,036
15 59.0 1,465 4,807 45 113.0 1,536 5,040
16 60.8 1,469 4,820 46 114.8 1,538 5,046
17 62.6 1,472 4,830 47 116.6 1,539 5,049
18 64.4 1,476 4,843 48 118.4 1,540 5,053
19 66.2 1,479 4,853 49 120.2 1,541 5,056
20 68.0 1,482 4,862 50 122.0 1,543 5,063
21 69.8 1,485 4,872 51 123.8 1,543 5,063
22 71.6 1,488 4,882 52 125.6 1,544 5,066
23 73.4 1,491 4,892 53 127.4 1,545 5,069
24 75.2 1,493 4,899 54 129.2 1,546 5,072
25 77.0 1,496 4,908 55 131.0 1,547 5,076
26 78.8 1,499 4,918 56 132.8 1,548 5,079
27 80.6 1,501 4,925 57 134.6 1,548 5,079
28 82.4 1,504 4,935 58 136.4 1,549 5,082
29 84.2 1,506 4,941 59 138.2 1,550 5,086
30 86.0 1,509 4,951 60 140.0 1,550 5,086
Sound Speeds and Pipe Size Data 17
August 2004
Table 3: Soun d Spe ed s in W at e r at Se le ct e d Tem pe rat u res (cont.)
Temperature Sound Speed in Water Temperature Sound Speed in Water
°C °F m/s ft/s °C °F m/s ft/s
61 141.8 1,551 5,089 96 204.8 1,546 5,072
62 143.6 1,552 5,092 97 206.6 1,545 5,069
63 145.4 1,552 5,092 98 208.4 1,544 5,066
64 147.2 1,553 5,095 99 210.2 1,543 5,063
65 149.0 1,553 5,095 100 212.0 1,543 5,063
66 150.8 1,553 5,095 104 220.0 1,538 5,046
67 152.6 1,554 5,099 110 230.0 1,532 5,026
68 154.4 1,554 5,099 116 240.0 1,524 5,000
69 156.2 1,554 5,099 121 250.0 1,526 5,007
70 158.0 1,554 5,099 127 260.0 1,507 4,944
71 159.8 1,554 5,099 132 270.0 1,497 4,912
72 161.6 1,555 5,102 138 280.0 1,487 4,879
73 163.4 1,555 5,102 143 290.0 1,476 4,843
74 165.2 1,555 5,102 149 300.0 1,465 4,807
75 167.0 1,555 5,102 154 310.0 1,453 4,767
76 168.8 1,555 5,102 160 320.0 1,440 4,725
77 170.6 1,554 5,099 166 330.0 1,426 4,679
78 172.4 1,554 5,099 171 340.0 1,412 4,633
79 174.2 1,554 5,099 177 350.0 1,398 4,587
80 176.0 1,554 5,099 182 360.0 1,383 4,538
81 177.8 1,554 5,099 188 370.0 1,368 4,488
82 179.6 1,553 5,095 193 380.0 1,353 4,439
83 181.4 1,553 5,095 199 390.0 1,337 4,387
84 183.2 1,553 5,095 204 400.0 1,320 4,331
85 185.0 1,552 5,092 210 410.0 1,302 4,272
86 186.8 1,552 5,092 216 420.0 1,283 4,210
87 188.6 1,552 5,092 221 430.0 1,264 4,147
88 190.4 1,551 5,089 227 440.0 1,244 4,082
89 192.2 1,551 5,089 232 450.0 1,220 4,003
90 194.0 1,550 5,086 238 460.0 1,200 3,937
91 195.8 1,549 5,082 243 470.0 1,180 3,872
92 197.6 1,549 5,082 249 480.0 1,160 3,806
93 199.4 1,548 5,079 254 490.0 1,140 3,740
94 201.2 1,547 5,076 260 500.0 1,110 3,642
95 203.0 1,547 5,076
18 Sound Speeds and Pipe Size Data
August 2004
Pipe Size Data
Table 4: Standa rd ANSI D ata for Ca rbon St ee l an d Stain le ss Ste e l Pi pe
Nominal
Pipe S i ze
1 1/4 1.660
1 1/2 1.900
Outside
Diameter
(in.)
(in.)
1/8 0.405
1/4 0.540
3/8 0.675
1/2 0.840
3/4 1.050
1 1.315
In Table 4 below:
A is ANSI B 36.10 Steel pipe nominal wall thickness designa tion.
B is ANSI B 36.10 Steel pipe schedule numbers.
C is ANSI B 36.19 Stainless steel pipe schedule numbers.
ABC
Wall
Thickness
(in.)
Carbon
Steel
Wall
Thickness
Desig.
0.049 - - 10S
Carbon
Steel
Schedule
Number
Stainless
Steel
Schedule
Number
Nominal
Pipe S i ze
(in.)
Outside
Diameter
(in.)
Wall
Thickness
(in.)
0.065 - - 5S
0.068 STD 40 40S 0.109 - - 10S
0.095 XS 80 80S 0.154 STD 40 40S
0.065 - - 10S 0.21 8 XS 80 80S
22.375
0.088 STD 40 40S 0.344 - 160 -
0.119 XS 80 80S 0.436 XXS - -
0.065 - - 10S
0.083 - - 5S
0.091 STD 40 40S 0.120 - - 10S
0.126 XS 80 80S 0.203 STD 40 40S
0.065 - - 5S 0.276 XS 80 80S
2 1/2 2.875
0.083 - - 10S 0.37 5 - 160 -
0.109 STD 40 40S 0.552 XXS - -
0.147 XS 80 80S
0.083 - - 5S
0.187 - 160 - 0.120 - - 10S
0.294 XXS - - 0.216 STD 40 40S
0.065 - - 5S 0.300 XS 80 80S
33.500
0.083 - - 10S 0.43 8 - 160 -
0.113 STD 40 40S 0.600 XXS - -
0.154 XS 80 80S
0.083 - - 5S
0.218 - 160 - 0.120 - - 10S
0.308 XXS - - 0.226 STD 40 40S
3 1/2 4.000
0.065 - - 5S 0.318 XS 80 80S
0.109 - - 10S 0.63 6 XXS -
0.133 STD 40 40S
0.083 - - 5S
0.179 XS 80 80S 0.120 - - 10S
0.250 - 160 - 0.237 STD 40 40S
0.358 XXS - - 0.337 XS 80 80S
44.500
0.065 - - 5S 0.438 - 120 -
0.109 - - 10S 0.53 1 - 160 -
0.140 STD 40 40S 0.674 XXS - -
0.191 XS 80 80S
0.109 - - 5S
0.250 - 160 - 0.134 - - 10S
0.382 XXS - - 0.258 STD 40 40S
0.065 - - 5S 0.375 XS 80 80S
55.536
0.109 - - 10S 0.50 0 - 120 -
0.145 STD 40 40S 0.625 - 160 -
0.200 XS 80 80S 0.750 XXS - -
0.281 - 160 -
0.400 XXS - -
ABC
Carbon
Steel
Wall
Thickness
Desig.
Carbon
Steel
Schedule
Number
Stainless
Schedule
Number
Steel
Sound Speeds and Pipe Size Data 19
August 2004
Table 4: Stand ard AN SI D ata for Carb on St e el an d Stain l ess St ee l Pip e (con t.)
Nominal
Pipe S i ze
Outside
Diameter
(in.)
6 6.625
8 8.625
10 10.750
12 12.750
(in.)
ABC
Wall
Thickness
(in.)
Carbon
Steel
Wall
Thickness
Desig.
Carbon
Steel
Schedule
Number
Stainless
Schedule
Number
0.109 - - 5S
Steel
Nominal
Pipe S i ze
(in.)
Outside
Diameter
(in.)
Wall
Thickness
(in.)
0.156 - - 5S
ABC
Carbon
Steel
Wall
Thickness
Desig.
Carbon
Steel
Schedule
Number
Stainless
Schedule
Number
0.134 - - 10S 0.18 8 - - 10S
0.280 STD 40 40S 0.250 - 10 -
0.432 XS 80 80S 0.312 - 20 -
0.562 - 120 - 0.375 STD 30 -
0.719 - 160 - 0.438 - 40 -
0.864 XXS - - 0.500 XS - -
0.109 - - 5S 0.594 - 60 -
14 14.000
0.148 - - 10S 0.62 5 XXS - -
0.250 - 20 - 0.750 - 80 -
0.277 - 30 - 0.938 - 100 -
0.322 STD 40 40S 1.094 - 120 -
0.406 - 60 - 1.250 - 140 -
0.500 XS 80 80S 1.406 - 160 -
0.594 - 100 -
0.165 - - 5S
0.719 - 120 - 0.188 - - 10S
0.812 - 140 - 0.250 - 10 -
0.875 XXS - - 0.312 - 20 -
0.906 - 160 - 0.375 STD 30 -
0.134 - - 5S 0.500 XS 40 -
0.165 - - 10S 0.65 6 - 60 -
16 16.000
0.250 - 20 - 0.844 - 80 -
0.307 - 30 - 1.031 - 100 -
0.365 STD 40 40S 1.219 - 120 -
0.500 XS 60 80S 1.439 - 140 -
0.594 - 80 - 1.594 - 160 -
0.719 - 100 -
0.165 - - 5S
0.844 - 120 - 0.188 - - 10S
1.000 XXS 140 - 0.250 - 10 -
0.156 - - 5S 0.312 - 20 -
0.180 - - 10S 0.37 5 STD - -
0.250 - 20 - 0.438 - 30 -
0.330 - 30 - 0.500 XS - -
0.375 STD - 40S 0.562 - 40 -
18 18.000
0.406 - 40 - 0.750 - 60 -
0.500 XS - 80S 0.938 - 80 -
0.562 - 60 - 1.156 - 100 -
0.688 - 80 - 1.375 - 120 -
0.844 - 100 - 1.562 - 140 -
1.000 XXS 120 - 1.781 - 160 -
1.125 - 140 -
1.312 - 160 -
Steel
20 Sound Speeds and Pipe Size Data
Nominal
Pipe S i ze
Outside
Diameter
(in.)
20 20.000
22 22.000
24 24.000
26 26.000
28 28.000
August 2004
Table 4: Stand ard AN SI D ata for Carb on St e el an d Stain l ess St ee l Pip e (con t.)
ABC
Carbon
Steel
Wall
Thickness
Desig.
Carbon
Steel
Schedule
Number
(in.)
ABC
Wall
Thickness
(in.)
Carbon
Steel
Wall
Thickness
Desig.
0.188 - - 5S
Carbon
Steel
Schedule
Number
Stainless
Steel
Schedule
Number
Nominal
Pipe S i ze
(in.)
Outside
Diameter
(in.)
Wall
Thickness
(in.)
0.250 - - 5S
0.218 - - 10S 0.31 2 - 10 10S
0.250 - 10 - 0.375 STD - -
0.375 STD 20 - 0.500 XS 20 -
30 30.000
0.500 XS 30 - 0.625 - 30 -
0.594 - 40 - 0.750 - 40 -
0.812 - 60 -
0.312 - 10 -
1.031 - 80 - 0.375 STD - -
1.281 - 100 - 0.500 XS 20 -
32 32.000
1.500 - 120 - 0.625 - 30 -
1.750 - 140 - 0.688 - 40 -
1.969 - 160 -
0.344 - 10 -
0.188 - - 5S 0.375 STD - -
0.218 - - 10S 0.50 0 XS 20 -
34 34.000
0.250 - 10 - 0.625 - 30 -
0.375 STD 20 - 0.688 - 40 -
0.500 XS 30 -
0.312 - 10 -
0.875 - 60 - 0.375 STD - -
1.125 - 80 - 0.500 XS 20 -
36 36.000
1.375 - 100 - 0.625 - 30 -
1.625 - 120 - 0.750 - 40 -
1.875 - 140 -
0.375 STD - -
2.125 - 160 - 0.500 XS 20 -
0.218 - - 5S 0.625 - 30 -
42 42.000
0.250 - 10 10S 0.750 - 40 -
0.375 STD 20 -
0.500 XS - - 0.500 XS - -
48 48.000
0.375 STD - -
0.562 - 30 -
0.688 - 40 -
0.969 - 60 -
1.219 - 80 -
1.531 - 100 -
1.812 - 120 -
2.062 - 140 -
2.344 - 160 -
0.312 - 10 -
0.375 STD - -
0.500 XS 20 -
0.312 - 10 -
0.375 STD - -
0.500 XS 20 -
0.625 - 30 -
Stainless
Steel
Schedule
Number
Sound Speeds and Pipe Size Data 21
August 2004
Nominal Pipe
Size
(in.)
3 3.80 0.39 3.96 0.42 3.96 0.45 3.96 0.48
4 4.80 0.42 5.00 0.45 5.00 0.40 5.00 0.52
6 6.90 0.44 7.10 0.48 7.10 0.51 7.10 0.55
8 9.05 0.46 9.05 0.51 9.30 0.56 9.30 0.60
10 11.10 0.50 11.10 0.57 11.40 0.62 11.40 0.68
12 13.20 0.54 13.20 0.62 13.50 0.68 13.50 0.75
14 15.30 0.57 15.30 0.66 15.65 0.74 15.65 0.82
16 7.40 0.60 17.40 0.70 17.80 0.80 17.80 0.89
18 19.50 0.64 19.50 0.75 19.92 0.87 19.92 0.96
20 21.60 0.67 21.60 0.80 22.06 0.92 22.06 1.03
24 25.80 0.76 25.80 0.89 26.32 1.05 26.32 1.16
30 31.74 0.88 32.00 1.03 32.40 1.20 32.74 1.37
32 37.96 0.99 38.30 1.15 38.70 1.36 39.16 1.58
42 44.20 1.10 44.50 1.28 45.10 1.54 45.58 1.78
48 50.50 1.26 50.80 1.42 51.40 1.71 51.98 1.99
54 56.66 1.35 57.10 1.55 57.80 1.90 58.40 2.23
60 62.80 1.39 63.40 1.67 64.20 2.00 64.82 2.38
72 75.34 1.62 76.00 1.95 76.88 2.39
84 87.54 1.72 88.54 2.22
Table 5: Cast I ron Pi pe Da ta - Stan da rd Classe s
Class A Class B Class C Class D
Outside
Diameter
(in.)
Wall
Thickness
(in.)
Outside
Diameter
(in.)
Wall
Thickness
(in.)
Outside
Diameter
(in.)
Wall
Thickness
(in.)
Outside
Diameter
(in.)
Wall
Thickness
(in.)
Class E Class F Class G Class H
Nominal Pipe
Size
(in.)
Outside
Diameter
(in.)
Wall
Thickness
(in.)
Outside
Diameter
(in.)
Wall
Thickness
(in.)
Outside
Diameter
(in.)
Wall
Thickness
(in.)
Outside
Diameter
(in.)
3
4
6 7.22 0.58 7.22 0.61 7.38 0.65 7.38 0.69
8 9.42 0.66 9.42 0.66 9.60 0.75 9.60 0.80
10 11.60 0.74 11.60 0.80 11.84 0.86 11.84 0.92
12 13.78 0.82 13.78 0.89 14.08 0.97 14.08 1.04
14 15.98 0.90 15.98 0.99 16.32 1.07 16.32 1.16
16 18.16 0.90 18.16 1.08 18.54 1.18 18.54 1.27
18 20.34 1.07 20.34 1.17 20.78 1.28 20.78 1.39
20 22.54 1.15 22.54 1.27 23.02 1.39 23.02 1.51
24 26.90 1.31 26.90 1.45 27.76 1.75 27.76 1.88
30 33.10 1.55 33.46 1.73
32 39.60 1.80 40.04 2.02
42
48
54
60
72
84
Wall
Thickness
(in.)
22 Sound Speeds and Pipe Size Data
Table 6: Du cti le Iron P ip e D ata - Stand ard Cl asses
August 2004
Nominal
Pipe Size
(in.)
3 3.96 0.25 0.28 0.31 0.43 0.37 0.40
4 4.80 0.26 0.29 0.32 0.35 0.38 0.41
6 6.90 0.25 0.28 0.31 0.34 0.37 0.40 0.43
8 9.05 0.27 0.30 0.33 0.36 0.39 0.42 0.45
10 11.10 0.29 0.32 0.35 0.38 0.44 0.47
12 13.20 0.31 0.34 0.37 0.40 0.43 0.46 0. 49
14 15.30 0.33 0.36 0.39 0.42 0.45 0.48 0. 51
16 17.40 0.34 0.37 0.40 0.43 0.46 0.49 0. 52
18 19.50 0.35 0.38 0.41 0.44 0.47 0.50 0. 53
20 21.60 0.36 0.39 0.42 0.45 0.48 0.51 0. 54
24 25.80 0.38 0.41 0.44 0.47 0.50 0.53 0. 56
30 32.00 0.51 0.55 0.59 0.63
36 38.30 0.58 0.63 0.68 0.73
Outside
Diameter
(in.)
Class
50
Class
51
Pipe Wall Thickness (in.)
Class
52
Class
53
Class
54
Class
55
Class
56
42 44.50 0.65 0.71 0.77 0.83
48 50.80 0.72 0.79 0.86 0.93
54 57.10 0.81 0.89 0.97 1.05
Sound Speeds and Pipe Size Data 23
USA
221 Crescent St., Suite 1
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Telephone: 781-899-2719
Toll-free: 800-833-9438
Fax: 781-894-8582
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Ireland
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