Garmin GNC 420AW, GNS 430AW, GNS 430W, GNS 530W, GPS 400W Pilot's Manual

400W / 500W Series

Garmin Optional Displays
Pilot’s Guide Addendum For:

• GDL 69/69A XM Satellite Datalink

• GTX 330/330D TIS

• Garmin TAWS (GPS 500W & GNS 530W)

• Garmin HTAWS (Helicopter Installations)

• Terrain Proximity (Helicopter Installations)

• Garmin GTS 8XX Series TAS

Foreward

This Pilot’s Guide Addendum is written for:

• Garmin GPS 400W, GNC 420W/420AW, and GNS 430W/430AW Main System Software Version 2.00, 3.00, 3.30, 4.00, or later

• Garmin GPS 500W & GNS 530W/530AW Main System Software Version 2.00, 3.00, 3.30, 4.00, or later

• GTX 330/330D Main Software Version 4.05

• GDL 69/69A Main Software Version 3.02 or later

Some differences in operation may be observed when comparing the information in this manual to earlier or later software versions.

© 2010 Garmin Ltd. or its subsidiaries. All Rights Reserved.

Garmin International, Inc., 1200 East 151st Street, Olathe, KS 66062, U.S.A.
Tel. [phone] or 800/800.1020 Fax [phone]

Garmin AT, Inc., 2345 Turner Rd., S.E., Salem, Oregon 97302, U.S.A.
Tel: [phone] Fax: [phone]

Garmin (Europe) Ltd., Liberty House, Bulls Copse Road, Hounsdown Business Park, Southhampton, SO40 9RB, U.K.
Tel. [phone] Fax [phone]

Garmin Corporation, No. 68, Jangshu 2nd Road, Shijr, Taipei County, Taiwan
Tel. [phone] Fax [phone]

Except as expressly provided herein, no part of this addendum may be reproduced, copied, transmitted, disseminated, downloaded,

or stored in any storage medium, for any purpose without the express prior written consent of Garmin. Garmin hereby grants permis-

sion to download a single copy of this manual and of any revision to this manual onto a hard drive or other electronic storage medium
to be viewed and to print one copy of this manual or of any revision hereto, provided that such electronic or printed copy of this manual

or revision must contain the complete text of this copyright notice and provided further that any unauthorized commercial distribution
of this manual or any revision hereto is strictly prohibited. Information in this document is subject to change without notice. Garmin
reserves the right to change or improve its products and to make changes in the content without obligation to notify any person or orga­nization of such changes or improvements.

Garmin® is a registered trademark, and GTX™ and GDL™ are trademarks of Garmin Ltd. or its subsidiaries and may

not be used without the express permission of Garmin Ltd. or its subsidiaries.

July 2010 190-00356-30 Revision H

190-00356-30 Rev H

The screen display examples shown in this

addendum are taken from the GNS 430W
and GNS 530W. TIS and Weather Data Link
Display Interface functionality is the same

for the 400W and 500W Series Units. TIS

Traffic Display and Weather Data Link are
available only when the 400W/500W units

are configured with the GTX 330 Mode S

Transponder and GDL 69/69A Data Link

Transceiver, respectively.

i

Introduction

Warnings and Cautions

WARNING: Terrain data are obtained from third party sources. Garmin is not able to independently verify the accuracy of this
data which should be used only as an aid for situational awareness. Terrain data must not be used as the sole basis for deci­sions or maneuvers to avoid terrain or obstacles. Terrain data must not be used for navigation.

CAUTION: Use the 400W/500W Series Units at your own risk. To reduce the risk of unsafe operation, carefully review and
understand all aspects of the Owner’s Manual and the Flight Manual Supplement, and thoroughly practice basic operation
prior to actual use.

CAUTION: The Global Positioning System is operated by the United States government, which is solely responsible for its
accuracy and maintenance. The system is subject to changes which could affect the accuracy and performance of all GPS
equipment. Although Garmin 400W/500W Series Units are precision electronic NAVigation AIDS (NAVAID), any NAVAID can be
misused or misinterpreted and therefore become unsafe.

CAUTION: Use the Weather Data Link Interface, TIS, TAWS, HTAWS, and TERRAIN at your own risk. To reduce the risk of unsafe
operation, thoroughly practice basic operation prior to actual use. When in actual use, carefully compare indications from the
Garmin unit to all available navigation sources, including the information from other NAVAIDS, visual sightings, charts, etc.
For safety, always resolve any discrepancies before continuing navigation. The GPS altitude format calculated by the Garmin
400W/500W Series units is geometric height above mean sea level and could vary significantly from altitude displayed by pres­sure altimeters in aircraft. Never use GPS altitude to determine aircraft altitude.

CAUTION: The Jeppesen database incorporated in the Garmin 400W/500W Series Units must be updated regularly in order to
ensure that its information is current. Updates are released every 28 days. A database information packet is included in your
Garmin 400W/500W Series Unit package. Pilots using an out-of-date database do so entirely at their own risk.

CAUTION: The Weather Data Link, TIS, TAWS, HTAWS, and TERRAIN information contained in this Pilot’s Guide Addendum is
not intended to replace the documentation that is supplied with the applicable Garmin 400W/500W Series Unit and the GTX
330 Transponder. The user must know how to operate the 400W/500W Series Unit and be knowledgeable of the information in
the 400W/500W Pilot’s Guide.

TIS CAUTION: TIS is NOT intended to be used as a collision avoidance system and does not relieve pilot responsibility to “see
and avoid” other aircraft. TIS should not be used for avoidance maneuvers during IMC or other times when there is no visual
contact with the intruder aircraft. TIS is intended only to assist in visual acquisition of other aircraft in VMC. Avoidance maneu­vers are not recommended, nor authorized, as a direct result of a TIS intruder display or TIS alert.

While TIS is a useful aid to visual traffic avoidance, it has some system limitations that must be fully understood to ensure
proper use. Many of these limitations are inherent in secondary radar surveillance. In other words, the information provided by
TIS will be no better than that provided to ATC.

CAUTION: Garmin would like to remind pilots flying with GDL 69/69A-equipped aircraft that TFRs are only advisory and
are not a replacement for a thorough preflight briefing on TFR times and locations. Always confirm TFR data through official
sources and contact your Flight Service Station for interpretation of TFR data.

NOTE: For software version 4.00 and later: when configured for helicopters (the helicopter icon will be displayed), black, circu­lar or oblong “cutouts” will be displayed on the Terrain Page around airports and heliports, to enhance viewing of the informa­tion displayed for those locations. The Terrain legend (shown in the lower right of the display on the Terrain Page) defines the
color black as -500 ft. However, this does not apply to the black cutouts surrounding the airports and heliports. The cutouts are
for display purposes only and do not affect the performance of HTAWS.

190-00356-30 Rev H

ii

Introduction

Table of Contents

Table of Contents

Part One: Traffic Information Service (TIS) Interface 1

Section 1: TIS Operation and Symbology ....................1

TIS Operation ............................................................................1

How TIS differs from TCAS .........................................................2

TIS Limitations ..........................................................................2

Improving TIS ............................................................................3

TIS Symbology ..........................................................................3

Section 2: Control and Display .....................................5

TIS Traffic Display Status and Pilot Response ..............................5

Traffic Page ...............................................................................6

Traffic Page Display Range ........................................................6

Map Page .................................................................................7

Configuring TIS Traffic Data on the Map Page .......................7

Highlighting TIS Traffic Using Map Page Panning ........................8

Section 3: TIS Operational Procedures ........................ 9

Introduction ..............................................................................9

Power-Up Test ...........................................................................9

Manual Override .....................................................................10

Flight Procedures ....................................................................10

After Landing ..........................................................................10

Part Two: XM Radio Interface ....................................11

Section 1: Introduction ...............................................11

Overview ................................................................................11

XM Radio Pages .....................................................................11

XM NAV Pages ..................................................................11

XM WPT Pages ..................................................................12

XM AUX Pages ..................................................................12

Section 2: XM Weather ................................................12

Weather Product Age ..............................................................13

XM NEXRAD Weather .............................................................13

NEXRAD U.S. and Canadian Coverage ...............................14

NEXRAD Intensity ..............................................................15

NEXRAD Abnormalities ......................................................15

NEXRAD Limitations ..........................................................16

XM Weather METARs ..............................................................16

Textual METAR Page ..........................................................18

Textual METAR/TAF Code ..................................................19

TAF Page ...........................................................................19

TFR Information.................................................................19

Lightning (LTNG) .....................................................................20

Cell Movement (CELL MOVE) ..................................................21

Winds Aloft .............................................................................22

Winds Aloft Altitude ..........................................................23

Section 3: XM AUX Pages .............................................23

XM Information Page .............................................................23

XM WX Timestamps ................................................................24

Section 4: XM Audio ..................................................... 25

XM Audio Menu .....................................................................27

Add to Presets List ..................................................................27

Enter Channel Number ............................................................28

Display Channel In List ............................................................28

Display Artist In List ................................................................29

Display Title In List ..................................................................29

Enable/Mute Audio Output ......................................................30

Change Volume ......................................................................30

Part Three: TAWS Interface .........................................31

Section 1: Introduction ...............................................31

Overview ................................................................................31

Operating Criteria ...................................................................31

Limitations ..............................................................................31

Section 2: TAWS Operation ......................................... 32

TAWS Alerting.........................................................................32

Baro-Corrected Altitude ..........................................................32

Power Up ...............................................................................32

TAWS Page .............................................................................32

Inhibit Mode ...........................................................................34

External TAWS Inhibit Control ............................................34

TAWS Manual Test ..................................................................34

TAWS Symbols ........................................................................35

General Database Information .................................................36

Database Versions ...................................................................36

Database Updates ..................................................................37

Terrain/Obstacle Database Areas of Coverage ..........................37

Section 3: TAWS Alerts ................................................38

Forward Looking Terrain Avoidance .........................................38

Premature Descent Alerting (PDA) ...........................................39

Excessive Descent Rate Alert (EDR) ..........................................40

Negative Climb Rate After Takeoff Alert (NCR) .........................40

“Five-Hundred” Aural Alert .....................................................42

TAWS Not Available Alert ........................................................42

TAWS Failure Alert ..................................................................42

TAWS Alert Summary ..............................................................42

Pilot Actions ...........................................................................44

Airport Terrain “Cutouts” ........................................................44

190-00356-30 Rev H

iii

Introduction

Table of Contents

Part Four: HTAWS Interface ........................................45

Section 1: Introduction ...............................................45

Overview ................................................................................45

Operating Criteria ...................................................................45

Limitations ..............................................................................45

Section 2: HTAWS Operation ......................................46

HTAWS Alerting ......................................................................46

Baro-Corrected Altitude ..........................................................46

Power Up ...............................................................................46

HTAWS Page ...........................................................................46

Page Menu ........................................................................47

Inhibit Mode ...........................................................................48

External HTAWS Inhibit Control ..........................................48

Reduced Protection Mode .......................................................48

Mute Active Caution ...............................................................49

HTAWS Manual Test ................................................................50

HTAWS Legend .......................................................................50

HTAWS Symbols ......................................................................51

General Database Information .................................................52

Database Versions ...................................................................52

Database Updates ..................................................................53

Terrain Database Areas of Coverage ........................................53

Obstacle Database Areas of Coverage .....................................54

Section 3: HTAWS Alerts .............................................54

Forward Looking Terrain Avoidance .........................................55

Voice Call Out Aural Alert ........................................................55

HTAWS Not Available Alert ......................................................56

HTAWS Failure Alert ................................................................56

HTAWS Alert Summary ............................................................56

Pilot Actions ...........................................................................57

Voice Call Out Selection .....................................................58

Part Five: Terrain Proximity Interface .......................59

Introduction ............................................................................59

Displaying Terrain Proximity .....................................................59

Terrain Proximity 120° Arc or 360° Rings .................................60

Terrain Proximity Aviation Data ................................................60

Terrain Proximity Legend .........................................................61

Terrain Proximity Limitations....................................................62

System Status .........................................................................62

Part Six: Garmin GTS 8XX Series Interface ...............63

Introduction ............................................................................63

GTS 8XX Series Description .....................................................63

Power-up Self-Test ..................................................................63

User-initiated Test ...................................................................64

Voice Announcements .............................................................64

Switching Between Standby and Operating Modes ..................64

Altitude Display Mode .............................................................65

Traffic Page .............................................................................65

Traffic Warning Window ..........................................................66

Traffic Page Display Range ......................................................66

Configuring Traffic Data on the Map Page ................................66

Highlighting Traffic Data Using Map Panning ...........................67

Monitoring Traffic ....................................................................68

Failure Response .....................................................................68

Description of Traffic Advisory Criteria ......................................68

190-00356-30 Rev H

iv

Introduction

Table of Contents

This page intentionally left blank

190-00356-30 Rev H

1

Part One: Section 1

Part One:

Traffic Information Service

(TIS) Interface

Section 1: TIS Operation and

Symbology

TIS Operation

NOTE: Part One of this Addendum assumes the user
has experience operating the 400W/500W Series units
and the Garmin GTX 330 Transponder.

The Traffic Information Service (TIS) provides

a graphic display of traffic advisory information in

the cockpit for non-TCAS (Trafc alert and Collision

Avoidance System) equipped aircraft. TIS is a ground-

based service providing relative location of all ATCRBS
(Air Trafc Control Radar Beacon System) Mode A

and Mode C transponder-equipped aircraft within a
specified service volume. The TIS ground sensor uses

real-time track reports to generate trafc notication.

TIS Traffic display is available to aircraft equipped

with a Mode S Data Link such as the Garmin GTX 330
Transponder. TIS Trafc from a GTX 330 Transpon­der can then be displayed on a Garmin 400W/500W

Series unit. Surveillance data includes all transponder­equipped aircraft within the coverage volume. Aircraft
without an operating transponder are invisible to TIS.
TIS displays up to eight traffic targets within seven
nautical miles horizontally from 3000 feet below to
3500 feet above the requesting aircraft.

The TIS is a ground-based service that displays

nearby aircraft on your 400W/500W-series display.
For the TIS feature to inform you of a nearby aircraft’s

presence, several conditions must be met:

• Your aircraft must be equipped with a Mode S
data link transponder, such as the GTX 330.

• You must be within range of a Mode S radar

that provides the TIS service. Not all Mode S
ground radars provide TIS service.

• The “intruder” aircraft must be equipped with

a transponder, and that transponder must be
turned on. Aircraft that are not equipped with
operating transponders will not be visible to the
Mode S surveillance radar.

• The “intruder” aircraft must be within the TIS

coverage volume for your aircraft. TIS displays
up to eight traffic targets within seven nautical

miles horizontally from the requesting aircraft,
and from 3,000 feet below to 3,500 feet above

the requesting aircraft.

• Both your aircraft and the intruder aircraft must

be visible to the Mode S surveillance radar on
the ground.

Always remember that TIS cannot alert you to
the presence of aircraft that are not equipped with
transponders, nor can it alert you to aircraft that may
be nearby, but obscured from the ground surveillance
radar by intervening terrain.

TIS Coverage Volume (not to scale)

7.0 nm
3,500 ft

3,000 ft

TIS Operation and Symbology

190-00356-30 Rev H

2

TIS Operation and Symbology

Part One: Section 1

How TIS differs from TCAS

The main difference between TIS and TCAS is the
source of surveillance data. TCAS uses an airborne
interrogator with a one-second update rate, while TIS
uses the terminal Mode S ground interrogator and its

Data Link to provide about a ve-second update rate.

The range accuracy of TIS and TCAS is similar.

TIS Limitations

NOTE: This section on TIS Limitations is not compre­hensive. Garmin recommends the user review the TIS
Limitations section of the Aeronautical Information
Manual, Section 1-3-5.

TIS is NOT intended to be used as a collision
avoidance system and does not relieve the pilot of

responsibility to “see and avoid” other aircraft. TIS

should not be used for avoidance maneuvers during
IMC or other times when there is no visual contact
with the intruder aircraft. TIS is intended only to assist
in visual acquisition of other aircraft in VMC. No rec­ommended avoidance maneuvers are provided for, nor

authorized, as a direct result of a TIS intruder display

or TIS advisory.

While TIS is a useful aid to visual traffic avoid­ance, it has some system limitations that must be fully
understood to ensure proper use. Many of these limi­tations are inherent in secondary radar surveillance.
In other words, the information provided by TIS will
be no better than that provided to ATC. TIS will only
display aircraft with operating transponders installed.

TIS relies on surveillance of the Mode S radar,

which is a “secondary surveillance” radar similar to the
ATCRBS. TIS operation may be intermittent during

turns or other maneuvering. TIS is dependent on

two-way, “line-of-sight” communication between the

aircraft and the Mode S radar. Whenever the structure

of the client aircraft comes between the transponder
antenna (usually located on the underside of the air­craft) and the ground-based radar antenna, the signal
may be temporarily interrupted. Other limitations and
anomalies associated with TIS are described in the

AIM, Section 1-3-5.

Garmin is not responsible for Mode S geo-

graphical coverage. Operation of the ground

stations is the responsibility of the FAA. Refer

to the Aeronautical Information Manual for a

Terminal Mode S Radar Site Map covering the

U.S.

NOTE: TIS will be unavailable at low altitudes in many

areas of the U.S., particularly in mountainous regions.
Also, when flying near the “floor” of radar coverage
in a particular area, intruders below the client aircraft
may not be detected by TIS.

TIS information is collected one radar scan prior to

the scan during which the uplink occurs. Therefore,
the surveillance information is approximately ve
seconds old. In order to present the intruders in a “real
time” position, the TIS ground station uses a “predic­tive algorithm” in its tracking software. This algorithm
uses track history data to extrapolate intruders to
their expected positions consistent with the time of
display in the cockpit. Occasionally, aircraft maneuver-

ing will cause this algorithm to induce errors in the

400W/500W display. These errors primarily affect rela­tive bearing information and trafc target track vector

(it will lag); intruder distance and altitude will remain

relatively accurate and may be used to assist in “see

190-00356-30 Rev H

3

TIS Operation and Symbology

Part One: Section 1

and avoid.” Some of the more common examples of

these errors follow:

• When client or intruder aircraft maneuvers
excessively or abruptly, the tracking algorithm
may report incorrect horizontal position until
the maneuvering aircraft stabilizes.

• When a rapidly closing intruder is on a course

that crosses the client aircraft course at a shal-

low angle (either overtaking or head on) and

either aircraft abruptly changes course within
¼ NM, TIS may display the intruder on the
opposite side of the client than it actually is.

These are relatively rare occurrences and will
be corrected in a few radar scans once the course
has stabilized.

Improving TIS

Users of TIS can render valuable assistance in

the correction of malfunctions by reporting their

observations of undesirable performance. Reporters

should identify the time of observation, location, type
and identity of aircraft, and describe the condition
observed; the type of transponder processor and soft­ware in use can also be useful information. Since TIS
performance is monitored by maintenance personnel
other than ATC, it is suggested that malfunctions be
reported in the following ways:

• By telephone to the nearest Flight Service Sta­tion (FSS) facility.

• By FAA Form 8000-7, Safety Improvement
Report, a postage-paid card designed for this
purpose. These cards may be obtained at FAA
FSSs, General Aviation District Ofces, Flight
Standards District Ofces, and General Avia­tion Fixed Based Operations.

TIS Symbology

TIS trafc is displayed on the 400W/500W Series

unit according to TCAS symbology, graphically dis­played on a dedicated graphical page (Traffic Page;
see below), and on the moving Map Page. A Traffic
Advisory (TA) symbol appears as a solid yellow circle
(or half circle on the outer range ring if the traffic is
outside the range of the dedicated Trafc Page). Prox­imity Advisories (PA) are displayed as a solid diamond,
and other traffic is displayed as an open diamond. PA
and other traffic is normally displayed in white, or it
may be alternatively configured for display in cyan.
When configured for cyan, the traffic page range rings
and markings are displayed in white. Altitude devia­tion from own aircraft altitude is displayed above the
target symbol if traffic is above own aircraft altitude,
and below the symbol if they are below own aircraft
altitude. Altitude trend is displayed as an up arrow

(> +500 ft/min), down arrow (< -500 ft/min), or no
symbol if less than 500 ft/min rate in either direction.

• Trafc Advisories (TA)—Yellow

• Proximity Advisories (PA)—White

(may be configured as Cyan)

• Other—White (may be congured as Cyan)

190-00356-30 Rev H

4

TIS Operation and Symbology

Part One: Section 1

Own Aircraft

“Other” Traffic—This symbol represents

traffic detected within the selected display

range that does not generate a TA.

Traffic Advisory (TA)—This symbol is generated when traffic

meets the advisory criteria described in TIS Operational Proce-

dures.

Traffic Ground Track is indicated
on the 400W/500W display by a
“target track vector”, a short line

displayed in 45-degree increments.

This vector shows the flight direc-

tion of the traffic.

The TIS audio alert is generated from the
GTX 330 whenever the number of Traffic Ad­visories on the 400W/500W display increases

from one scan to the next. Limiting Traffic

Advisories only reduces the “nuisance” alerting

due to proximate aircraft. For example, when

the first Traffic Advisories appears on the TIS

display, the user is alerted audibly. So long as
a single aircraft remains on the TIS display, no
further audio alert is generated. If a second (or

more) aircraft appears on the display, a new

audio alert is sounded.

If the number of Traffic Advisories on the TIS

display decreases and then increases, a new
audio alert is sounded. The TIS audio alert is
also generated whenever TIS service becomes
unavailable. The volume, pitch, and duration

of the audio alert (including the choice between

a male or female voice) is configured during

installation.

The following TIS audio alerts are available:

• “Traffic” —TIS traffic alert is received.

• “Traffic Not Available” — TIS service is not

available or out of range.

190-00356-30 Rev H

5

Part One: Section 2

TIS Controls and Display

Section 2: Control and Display

TIS Traffic Display Status and Pilot Response

• STBY — When the 400W/500W displays STBY

in the upper right hand corner of the display the
TIS system is in standby mode and cannot display
traffic data.

• OPER — When the 400W/500W displays OPER

in the upper right hand corner of the display the
TIS system is in operational mode and available
to display traffic on the Traffic or Map Page.

• AGE — If traffic data are not refreshed within
6 seconds, an age indicator (e.g., “AGE 00:06”)

is displayed in the lower right corner of the dis­play (when displaying traffic). The pilot should
be aware that the quality of displayed traffic is
reduced in this condition.

• TRFC CST — If data are still not received between
six and twelve seconds, the “TRFC CST” (trafc

coasting) banner located above the AGE timer will
indicate that displayed traffic is held even though
the data are not current. The pilot should be aware
that the quality of displayed traffic is reduced in
this condition.

Traffic Age Indication showing “traffic coasting”.

• TRFC RMVD — If data are still not received after
twelve seconds, the “TRFC RMVD” banner will
indicate that traffic has been removed from the

display due to the age of the data being too old

to “coast” (for the time period after 12 seconds

from the last receipt of a TIS message). The pilot
should be aware that traffic may be present but
not shown.

Traffic Page displaying “TRFC RMVD”

banner.

• UNAVAIL — After a 60 second period elapses

with no data, TIS is considered to be unavailable.

This state is indicated by the text “UNAVAIL”.
The pilot should be aware that “UNAVAIL” could

indicate a TIS coverage limitation due to a line­of-sight situation, a low altitude condition, no
TIS service, or a result of flying directly over the
radar site providing coverage (cone of silence).

• NO DATA — “NO DATA” is displayed when no
data are being received from the GTX 330. The

pilot should be aware that this status may be a
normal mode of operation in a dual transpon-

der installation where the GTX 330 with TIS is
not the selected transponder. The GTX 330 may

not be powered on.

• DATA FAIL — “DATA FAIL” is displayed when
data are being received from GTX 330, but there

was a failure detected in the data stream. The
pilot should see the dealer for corrective action.

• FAILED — “FAILED” is displayed when the
GTX 330 has indicated it has failed. The pilot

should see the dealer for corrective action.

190-00356-30 Rev H

6

Part One: Section 2

TIS Controls and Display

Traffic Ground Track

Trafc ground track is indicated in the
400W/500W display by a “target track vector”, a short
line displayed in 45° increments, extending in the

direction of target movement.

Traffic Target Track Vector.

Traffic Warning Window

When the unit is on any page (other than the

NAV Trafc Page or when a TAWS/Terrain, or Dead
Reckoning pop-up is displayed) and a trafc threat is

imminent, the Traffic Warning Window is displayed.
The Traffic Warning Window shows a small thumb-

nail map which can take the user to the Trafc Page

by pressing ENT, or go back to the previous page by
pressing CLR.

Traffic Warning Window

NOTE: The Traffic Warning Window is disabled when

the aircraft ground speed is less than 30 knots or when
an approach is active.

Traffic Page

TIS Trafc data are displayed on two 400W/500W

Series unit pages, the Traffic Page and the Map Page.

The 500W Series unit can also be congured to
display a trafc thumbnail window below the VLOC
frequency window. Unlike other forms of trafc, TIS

traffic does not require heading data to be valid on the
map. The only difference between TIS and other traffic
data occurs on the Traffic Page. If heading is available,
then the traffic data are compensated and displayed
as heading-up. If it’s not available, the Traffic Page is a

track-up display. It is labeled on the upper portion of

the Traffic Page.

Traffic Page Display Range

Various display ranges can be selected for optimal

display of TIS traffic information.

To change the display range on the Traffic Page:

Press RNG to zoom through the range selec-

tions which are: 12/6 NM, 6/2 NM, and
2 NM.

190-00356-30 Rev H

7

TIS Controls and Display

Part One: Section 2

Map Page

TIS traffic is displayed on the Map Page in addition
to the Traffic Page.

The Map Page displaying traffic.

Configuring TIS Traffic Data on the Map Page

To configure TIS traffic on the Map Page:

1. Turn the small right knob to select the Map

Page.

2. Press the MENU key.
Turn the small right knob to select “Setup
Map?”

3. The flashing cursor highlights the GROUP field.
Turn the small right knob to select “Traffic” and

press ENT.

4. Turn the large right knob to
select the desired Traffic Mode
option. Turn the small right knob
to select the desired option and
press ENT. Repeat the step for
Traffic Symbol and Traffic Label.

5. Press CLR to return the Map Page.

The traffic mode selection menu allows the user to

choose from the following:

• All trfc - All trafc is displayed on the Map Page.

• TA/PA - Only trafc advisories and proximity

advisories are displayed on the Map Page.

• TA only - Only trafc advisories are displayed on

the Map Page.

From the Map Page you can display trafc in

a thumbnail format in any of the top three (400W

Series) or four (500W Series) data elds on the right

side of the Map Page.

Thumbnail Traffic displayed on the

GNS 430W.
NOTE: The thumbnail will display traffic
coasting “TRFC CST” or traffic removed

“TRFC RMVD” in the lower right when TIS

messages have been missed.

To display Thumbnail Traffic on the Map Page:

1. Turn the small right knob to select the Map

Page.

2. Press the MENU key and display the Page Menu.

3. Turn the small right knob to select “Change
Fields?” and press ENT.

4. Select one of the top three (400W Series) or four
(500W Series) configurable fields. Select ‘TRFC’
from the Select Field Type List and press ENT. Note
that the thumbnail range defaults to 6 NM and
cannot be changed.

190-00356-30 Rev H

8

TIS Controls and Display

Part One: Section 2

Highlighting TIS Traffic Using Map Page Panning

Another Map Page feature is panning, which allows

you to move the map beyond its current limits without

adjusting the map scale. When you select the panning
function — by pressing the small right knob — a

target pointer will flash on the map display. A window
also appears at the top of the map display showing
the latitude/longitude position of the pointer, plus the
bearing and distance to the pointer from your present
position.

Displaying traffic range and altitude separa-

tion using the Map Panning feature.

To activate the panning feature and pan the map
display:

1. Press the small right knob to activate the panning

target pointer.

2. Turn the small right knob to move up (turn clock-
wise) or down (counterclockwise).

3. Turn the large right knob to move right (turn
clockwise) or left (counterclockwise).

4. To cancel the panning function and return to your
present position, press the small right knob.

When the target pointer is placed on traffic, the

traffic range and altitude separation are displayed.

190-00356-30 Rev H

9

TIS Operational Procedures

Part One: Section 3

Section 3: TIS Operational Procedures

Introduction

TIS warns the user with voice and visual traffic
advisories whenever it predicts an intruder to be a
threat (see illustration). Voice and visual data are sent

from the GTX 330. The user should not start evasive
maneuvers using information from the 400W/500W

display or on a traffic advisory only. The display and
advisories are intended only for assistance in visually

locating the trafc, due to the lack in resolution and

coordination ability. The flight crew should attempt
to visually acquire the intruder aircraft and maintain
a safe separation in accordance with the regulatory
requirements and good operating practice. If the flight
crew cannot visually acquire the aircraft, they should
contact ATC to obtain any information that may assist

concerning the intruder aircraft. Based on the above
procedures, minor adjustment to the vertical ight

path consistent with air traffic requirements are not
considered evasive maneuvers.

Power-Up Test

The TIS interface performs an automatic test
during power-up.

• If the system passes the power-up test, the

Standby Screen appears on the Traffic Page.

• If the system passes the power-up test and the

aircraft is airborne (as determined by system
configuration at the time of installation, see
your installer for detailed criteria information),
traffic is displayable on the Traffic Page in oper­ating mode.

• If the system fails the power-up test, the “NO

DATA”, “DATA FAIL”, or “FAILED” message

is displayed. See your installer for corrective

action if the “DATA FAIL”, or “FAILED” message

is displayed. The “FAILED” message indicates
the GTX 330 has failed. The “DATA FAIL” mes-

sage indicates data are being received from the

GTX 330 but a failure was detected in the data
stream. The “NO DATA” message indicates that
data are not being received from the GTX 330.

NOTE: “NO DATA” may be a normal mode of opera­tion in a dual transponder installation where the GTX
330 with TIS is not the selected transponder.

• UNAVAIL — When a 60 second period

elapses with no data, TIS is considered to be

unavailable. This state is indicated by the text
“UNAVAILABLE” (500W Series) and “UNAVAIL”

(400W Series). The pilot should be aware

that “UNAVAIL” could indicate a TIS coverage

limitation due to a line-of-sight situation, a low
altitude condition, no TIS service, or a result
of flying directly over the radar site providing
coverage (cone of silence).

Conditions for Traffic Advisories

The following condition causes TIS to display a Traffic

Advisory (TA) on the 400W/500W Series unit:

• The intruder aircraft approaches your aircraft on

a course that will intercept (defined by a 0.5 NM
horizontal radius and a relative altitude of ± 500
feet) your course within 34 seconds.

0.5 nm

Intruder Aircraft

+ 500 ft

This area within 34 seconds

- 500 ft

190-00356-30 Rev H

10

TIS Operational Procedures

Part One: Section 3

Manual Override

The user can manually switch between standby

(STBY) and operating (OPER) mode of operation to

manually override automatic operation.

To place the display into operating mode from the

standby mode (to display TIS traffic):

1. Turn the cursor on and highlight “STBY”.

2. Turn the small right knob to select

“OPER?”.

3. Press ENT to confirm.

To place the display into standby mode from

operating mode (to stop displaying TIS traffic):

1. Turn the cursor on and highlight “OPER”.

2. Turn the small right knob to select “STBY?”

3. Press ENT to confirm.

“DATA FAIL” Message

The ‘NO DATA’ message indicates that data

are not being received from the GTX 330.

NOTE: This may be a normal mode of opera-

tion in a dual transponder installation where

the GTX 330 with TIS is not the selected

transponder.

Flight Procedures

Once the aircraft is airborne (determined by system
configuration at the time of installation) the system
switches from standby mode to operating mode. The

400W/500W Series unit displays OPER in the upper

right hand corner of the display and begins to display
traffic on the Traffic or Map Page.

The TIS Traffic Advisory (TA) should alert the crew
to use additional vigilance to identify the intruding
aircraft. Any time the traffic symbol becomes a yellow
circle or a voice warning is announced, conduct a
visual search for the intruder. If successful, maintain
visual contact to ensure safe operation. See Section 2:

Control and Display for a description of pilot responses

to TIS display messages.

After Landing

Once the aircraft is “ground-borne” (determined

by system configuration at the time of installation)
the system switches from operating mode to standby

mode. The 400W/500W Series unit displays “STBY”.

As described previously, both the standby and operat­ing modes can be manually overridden by the display
controls.

190-00356-30 Rev H

11

XM Radio Introduction

Part Two: Section 1

Part Two:

XM Radio Interface

Section 1: Introduction

Overview

The GDL 69 is a remote sensor that receives
broadcast weather data from a data service of XM Sat­ellite Radio, Inc. The GDL 69A is similar to the GDL
69, but also receives audio entertainment broadcasts
from another service of XM Satellite Radio. The 400W
and 500W series units serve as the display and control
head for your remotely mounted GDL 69/69A satellite

radio.

Before the GDL 69/69A can be used, the unit
must be activated by XM Satellite Radio with a service
subscription through XM Satellite Radio. Please note
that the GDL 69 is a weather data link. The GDL 69A
is a weather data link and audio receiver. The data link

service and the audio entertainment services must be
activated separately.

Your GDL 69 or GDL 69A is shipped with one

or two radio hardware identifications, respectively.

These IDs serve as identication codes for your XM­equipped GDL 69/69A and are needed in the activa­tion process. The ID(s) is (are) attached to the Activa­tion Instructions and printed on a label on the back of
the unit. The IDs can also be retrieved through your
unit in the XM Information page of the Aux function.

Contact your dealer or customer service if you are

unable to locate the radio hardware IDs.

Weather and/or audio data from your GDL 69/69A
are provided by XM Satellite Radio, a company

separate and independent from Garmin Corporation.

Have your radio hardware IDs ready before contact­ing XM Satellite Radio. During the process, you can

select services for subscription. Keep in mind that the

GDL 69 has no audio capability, audio services will not

be available with the unit.

Follow the GDL 69/69A XM Satellite Radio Activa-

tion Instructions (190-00355-04) enclosed with your

GDL 69/69A unit to activate the XM products.

XM Radio Pages

To reach the XM pages:

1. From any page, press and hold CLR to select

the Default NAV Page. (You may skip this step
if you are already viewing any of the main
pages.)

2. Turn the large right knob to select the AUX

page group. “AUX” appears in the lower right
corner of the screen.

3. Turn the small right knob to select the XM

Audio, XM Information, or XM WX Timestamps
pages.

XM Weather page is displayed in the NAV page
group. The XM Audio function pages are displayed in
the AUX page group.

XM NAV Pages

When a GDL 69 or GDL 69A is installed, the fol­lowing XM-related pages appear in the NAV group of

pages:

• Map Page. The Map page (the second page

in the NAV page group) becomes capable of
displaying weather data and the boundaries

of areas with Temporary Flight Restrictions
(TFRs).

• XM Weather Page. The XM Weather page is

inserted in the NAV page group, immediately

before the Terrain page. This page is like the map
page, but can show NEXRAD weather data, col­ored ags showing which airports have METARs
(current weather observations—Meteorological
Aerodrome Reports), Lightning (LTNG) reports,

Cell Movement, or Winds Aloft.

190-00356-30 Rev H

12

Part Two: Section 2

XM Weather

XM WPT Pages

When a GDL 69 or GDL 69A is installed, two XM-

related pages are added to “airport” pages in the WPT

page group:

• Textual METAR Page. The Textual METAR
page shows the text of the most recent METAR
(Meteorological Aerodrome Report) that has

been received for an airport.

• TAF Page. The TAF page shows the text of the
most recent TAF (Terminal Aerodrome Fore-

cast) that has been received for an airport.

XM AUX Pages

When a GDL 69 or GDL 69A is installed, the fol-

lowing XM pages appear in the AUX group of pages:

• XM Audio Page (GDL 69A only). See Section 4

below for a description of this page.

• XM Information Page. This page contains
information that you will use when activat-

ing your XM satellite radio subscription. It
also reports the GDL 69/69A’s software version

number.

• XM Weather Timestamp Pages. This page
show timestamp data for the most recently

received XM weather data.

Section 2: XM Weather

The XM Weather Function is capable of displaying
graphical weather information through the XM Satel­lite Radio Service when activated in the optional instal­lation of the GDL 69/69A. Next Generation Weather
Radar (NEXRAD), METARs symbols (METAR),
Lightning (LTNG), Cell Movement (CELL MOVE),
and Winds Aloft (WINDS) are displayed on the NAV

pages. The types of products available depend on the

subscription service with XM Satellite Radio.

Once you have activated an aviation weather ser-

vice from XM Satellite Radio, the 400W/500W series

unit can display the following aviation-related data:

• NEXRAD. An indication of the intensity

of weather radar echoes from the National

Weather Service’s network of NEXRAD (NEXt
generation RADar) sites can be shown on the
XM Weather Page and can optionally be over­laid on the Map page. (Both these pages are in
the NAV page group.) Canadian Radar may also

be available.

• Radar Coverage. Whenever NEXRAD is

shown, a cross-hatch pattern indicates the limits

of NEXRAD radar coverage. The cross-hatched
area shows where NEXRAD information is

unavailable.

• Lightning (LTNG).

When enabled, lightning

strikes and cells are shown as yellow “+”
signs. Lightning information indicates the
location of cloud-to-ground lightning strikes.

• Cell Movement (CELL MOVE). When

enabled, Cell Movement shows the storm
cells identified by the ground-based system.
The movement is depicted by an arrow. The
tip of the arrow represents where the cell is
expected to be in 10 minutes from the time
the cell location was determined.

190-00356-30 Rev H

13

Part Two: Section 2

XM Weather

• Winds Aloft (WINDS). The Winds Aloft

selection provides the pilot with wind speed
and direction. The winds at a given altitude
are selected in the Winds Aloft Alt below the

WINDS selection. The selected altitude is

shown along with the product time.

• Textual Meteorological Aerodrome Reports
(METARs). When you zoom in to show the

airport symbol associated with the colored flag

for a graphical METAR, and move the Map

Pointer to highlight that airport, you can then
press ENT to see the Textual METAR page for

that airport. The Textual METAR page is one of

the airport pages of the WPT page group.

• Graphical Meteorological Aerodrome
Reports (METARs). The XM Weather page (in

the NAV page group) can show colored flags
to indicate the level of current weather condi-

tions at those airports for which textual METAR

reports are available. The flags are color-coded
to indicate the severity of the current weather at

the airport: cyan for VFR conditions, green for
Marginal VFR conditions, yellow for IFR condi­tions, or magenta of Low IFR conditions.

• Terminal Aerodrome Forecast (TAFs). A
TAF page is added among the airport pages of
the WPT page group. The TAF page differs from
the Textual METAR page in that it describes

forecast future weather conditions rather than
current conditions.

• Temporary Flight Restrictions (TFRs). The
boundaries of areas with TFRs are outlined in
yellow on the Map and XM Weather pages of
the NAV page group. In the 500W-series, TFR

boundaries are also shown on the NAV main

page. You can obtain more information about a
TFR by bringing up the map cursor, moving the

map cursor to within the yellow outlined area,
and pressing the ENT key.

Weather Product Age

The age of the displayed weather product—or the
effective time of Winds Aloft predictions—is shown
in the upper right corner of the display. For example,
if NEXRAD is displayed, “0:05” indicates that the data

are five minutes old. If Winds Aloft predictions are

being displayed, “10:00” indicates the effective time

for the displayed prediction is 10:00 AM.

The data for each XM Weather product are updated
regularly from the GDL 69/69A. XM Weather products
expire after the following intervals:

Product Expiration Interval

METARs 90 minutes

NEXRAD/Radar Coverage 30 minutes

TFRs 60 minutes
TAFs 60 minutes

Lightning 30 minutes

SCITs 30 minutes

Winds Aloft Predictions 90 minutes

When the age of the displayed XM Weather prod­uct reaches one half of its expiration time, the color

of the displayed time changes from green to amber.

Expired XM Weather products are never displayed. In
the unlikely event that the data should expire before

a fresh update is received, the time will be dashed out
and the data removed from the display.

XM NEXRAD Weather

The National Weather Service’s network of WSR­88D Doppler weather surveillance radars—also called
NEXRAD, for Next Generation Radar—has greatly

improved the detection of meteorological events such

as thunderstorms, tornados, and hurricanes. An exten­sive network of NEXRAD weather radars provides

190-00356-30 Rev H

14

Part Two: Section 2

XM Weather

almost complete coverage of the continental United
States, Alaska, and Hawaii. The unobstructed range of
each NEXRAD is up to 250 nautical miles.

When enabled, composite data from all the

NEXRAD radar sites in the United States is shown.
This data are composed of the maximum reectivity

from the individual radar sweeps. Canadian radar may
also be displayed. The display is color-coded to indi­cate the weather level severity. Information about with
sites are operational or off-line is also available.

To display NEXRAD weather on the Map page:

1. With the Map page (second page of the NAV

page group) displayed, press the MENU key.
The Page Menu for the Map page appears.
NEXRAD is also available on the Nav 1 page
of the 500W series.

2. Turn the large right knob to highlight “Display

US NEXRAD?” or “Display CN NEXRAD?,” and
then press ENT. (If “Hide US NEXRAD?” or
“Hide CN NEXRAD?) appears, NEXRAD radar
data are already enabled; just press MENU
again to exit the Page Menu.)

NOTE: US and Canadian radar may not be displayed
simultaneously.

To display NEXRAD weather on the XM Weather

page:

1. With the XM Weather page (the third page of
the NAV page group) displayed, look at the
upper left corner of the page. Under the page
title (“XM Weather”) either “NEXRAD-US,”
“NEXRAD-CN,” or another weather product
appears. If the word is “NEXRAD-US” or
“NEXRAD-CN,” do nothing; NEXRAD weather
is already being displayed.

2. If the word in the upper left corner of the
page is another weather product (rather than
“NEXRAD-US” or “NEXRAD-CN”), press the
small right (CRSR) knob to highlight that
word. Then turn the small right knob to
change to “NEXRAD-US” or “NEXRAD-CN.”

3. Press the small right knob again to bring
down the cursor (that is, to stop the blinking
highlighting of “NEXRAD-US” or “NEXRAD­CN”) and retain the selection.

NEXRAD U.S. and Canadian Coverage

SW Version 3.30 adds the ability to display

Canadian NEXRAD on the moving map pages and
the XM Weather page. The display has been modied
to specify whether the NEXRAD displayed is U.S. or

Canadian.

190-00356-30 Rev H

15

Part Two: Section 2

XM Weather

NEXRAD Intensity

Colors are used to identify the different NEXRAD
echo intensities (reflectivity) measured in dBZ (deci­bels of Z). “Reectivity” is the amount of transmitted
power returned to the radar receiver. Reectivity
(designated by the letter Z) covers a wide range of
signals (from very weak to very strong). So, a more

convenient number for calculations and comparison, a

decibel (or logarithmic) scale (dBZ), is used. The dBZ

values increase as the strength of the signal returned
to the radar increases. There are seven gradations for

rain, two gradations for mixed rain and snow, and two

gradations for snow.

To display the NEXRAD Intensity Legend:

1. While viewing the XM Weather page, press the

MENU key to display the Page Menu.

2. Turn the large or small knob to select “Display

legend?”

3. Press ENT to display the NEXRAD Intensity

Legend.

4. Turn the large or small knob to scroll through
the full table. Press CLR to return to the normal
view.

NEXRAD Abnormalities

There are possible abnormalities regarding dis-

played NEXRAD images. Some, but not all, causes of

abnormal displayed information include:

• Ground Clutter

• Strobes and spurious radar data

• Sun strobes, when the radar antenna points

directly at the sun

• Military aircraft deploy metallic dust which can

cause alterations in radar scans

• Interference from buildings or mountains,
which may cause shadows

• Scheduled maintenance may put a radar off-line

190-00356-30 Rev H

16

Part Two: Section 2

XM Weather

XM Weather Label and NEXRAD Source
U.S.

XM Weather Label and NEXRAD Source
Canada

NOTE: The only weather product available for Canada

is Canadian NEXRAD.

NEXRAD Limitations

Certain limitations exist regarding the NEXRAD

radar displays. Some, but not all, are listed for the
user’s awareness:

• NEXRAD base reectivity does not provide suf­ficient information to determine cloud layers or
precipitation characteristics (hail vs. rain, etc).

• NEXRAD base reectivity is sampled at the

minimum antenna elevation angle. An indi-

vidual NEXRAD site cannot depict high altitude

storms at close ranges, and has no information
about storms directly over the site.

• Neither NEXRAD weather data nor the age of
the NEXRAD weather data are displayed at a
zoom range of less than 10 NM. The resolu­tion of displayed NEXRAD data is 2 kilometers.
Therefore, when zoomed in on the display,
each square block is 2 kilometers. The intensity

level reflected by the square will be the high-

est level sampled within the 2 kilometer square

area.

XM Weather METARs

XM Weather METARs (Meteorological Aerodrome
Reports) are available on the XM Weather page. When
enabled (that is, when “METAR” is shown in the upper
left corner of the page), airports with METAR infor­mation above a certain severity level are marked with
colored ags on the display. Refer to the XM Weather

legend for a description of the color code. The update
rate is every 12 minutes.

190-00356-30 Rev H

17

Part Two: Section 2

XM Weather

To display METARs on the XM Weather page:

1. While viewing the XM Weather page, check
the upper left corner to see whether “METAR”
or another weather product is displayed in the
upper left corner.

2. If another weather product (rather than
“METAR”) is shown, press the small right
(CRSR) knob to highlight the product name,
such as “NEXRAD”. Turn the small right knob
to change to “METAR,” and press that small
right knob again to bring down the cursor
(stop the highlighting) and retain the “METAR”
selection.

3. Now, colored flags will be displayed at those
airports that have METARs above a certain
severity level. (If there are no colored flags
visible, you may have to search a wider
area—zoom out with the RNG key—before
you see some METAR flags.)

To display the METAR Legend:

1. Press the MENU key to display the Page

Menu.

2. Turn the large or small right knob to select

“Display legend?”

3. Press ENT to display the METAR symbols
legend. Press the CLR key to remove the
METAR Symbols legend.

XM Weather METAR Symbols

VFR - Ceiling > 3000 ft and
visibility > 5 statute miles

Cyan

MVFR (Marginal VFR) - Ceil­ing 1000 to 3000 ft, and/or
visibility 3 to 5 statute miles

Green

IFR - Ceiling 500 to 1000 ft,
and/or visibility 1 to 3
statute miles

Yellow

LIFR (Low IFR) - Ceiling less
than 500 ft and/or visibility
less than 1 statute mile

Magenta

190-00356-30 Rev H

18

Part Two: Section 2

XM Weather

Textual METAR Page

When the GDL 69/69A is installed, a Textual

METAR page is added among the APT (airport) pages

of the WPT page group. This page can be accessed

from the XM Weather page as well as from the WPT

page group.

To display Textual METARs from the Nav XM
Weather page:

1. While viewing the Nav XM Weather page, press

the MENU key to display the Page Menu.

2. Turn the large or small right knob to high-

light “Show Map Pointer?” and then press
ENT.

3. Turn the large or small right knob to move

the Map Pointer to highlight an airport with a
METAR flag.

4. Press ENT to display the METAR text. With
“Done?” highlighted, press ENT to return to
the map view.

To view any airport’s Textual METAR page:

1. If not viewing the WPT page group, press CLR
and turn the large right knob to select the
WPT page group.

2. Turn the small right knob until the Textual
METAR page appears.

3. To select another airport, press the small right
(CRSR) knob to highlight the airport ID (in the
“APT” field).

4. Turn the small and large right knobs to edit
the airport identifier for the desired airport.
Then, press ENT to confirm the airport name.

5. Press the small right (CRSR) knob again to
remove the cursor (that is, to stop highlighting
the APT field).

190-00356-30 Rev H