Garmin GTS 8000 Pilot's Guide

GTS Traffic Systems

Pilot’s Guide

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Record of Revisions

Revision Date Description

A 12/02/09 Production release.

B 3/21/14 Added new GTS models and reorganized/edited content.

March 2014 Printed in the U.S.A.

LIMITED WARRANTY

This Garmin product is warranted to be free from defects in materials or workmanship for two years from
the date of purchase. Within this period, Garmin will, at its sole option, repair or replace any components
that fail in normal use. Such repairs or replacement will be made at no charge to the customer for parts
and labor, provided that the customer shall be responsible for any transportation cost. This warranty does
not cover failures due to abuse, misuse, accident, or unauthorized alterations or repairs.

THE WARRANTIES AND REMEDIES CONTAINED HEREIN ARE EXCLUSIVE AND IN LIEU OF ALL OTHER
WARRANTIES EXPRESS OR IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, INCLUDING ANY LIABILITY ARISING UNDER
ANY WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, STATUTORY OR
OTHERWISE. THIS WARRANTY GIVES YOU SPECIFIC LEGAL RIGHTS, WHICH MAY VARY FROM STATE TO
STATE.

IN NO EVENT SHALL GARMIN BE LIABLE FOR ANY INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, INDIRECT OR CONSEQUENTIAL
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FROM DEFECTS IN THE PRODUCT. Some states do not allow the exclusion of incidental or consequential
damages, so the above limitations may not apply to you.

Garmin retains the exclusive right to repair or replace the unit or software, or to offer a full refund of the
purchase price, at its sole discretion. SUCH REMEDY SHALL BE YOUR SOLE AND EXCLUSIVE REMEDY FOR
ANY BREACH OF WARRANTY.

To obtain warranty service, contact your local Garmin Authorized Service Center. For assistance in
locating a Service Center near you, visit the Garmin web site at http://www.garmin.com or contact
Garmin Customer Service at 866-739-5687.

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WARNINGS AND CAUTIONS

WARNING: The GTS TAS and TCAS I systems are intended for advisory use
only to aid the pilot in visually acquiring traffic. No avoidance maneuvers
should be based solely upon traffic information. It is the responsibility of
the pilot in command to see and maneuver to avoid traffic.

CAUTION: Pilots should be aware of TAS/TCAS I system limitations.
TAS/TCAS I systems require intruder transponders to respond to system
interrogations. If an intruder transponder does not respond to interrogations
due to antenna shading or marginal transponder performance, it will not
be displayed, or display may be intermittent. Pilots should remain vigilant
for traffic at all times when using TAS/TCAS I systems for non-transponder
equipped airplanes or unresponsive airplanes.

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Contents

LIMITED WARRANTY ........................................................................................i

Warnings and Cautions ...................................................................................ii

System Description .........................................................................................3

General Theory of Operation ............................................................................. 3

Active Surveillance .................................................................................... 3

Passive Surveillance ................................................................................... 4

System Specifications ....................................................................................... 4

System Components ......................................................................................... 5

System Processor ...................................................................................... 5

Antennas .................................................................................................. 6

External Amplifier ...................................................................................... 8

System Interfaces ............................................................................................. 9

Altitude Source ......................................................................................... 9

Transponder Interface ................................................................................ 9

Traffic Display ............................................................................................ 9

Audio System ............................................................................................ 9

Landing Gear Position ............................................................................. 10

Radar Altimeter ....................................................................................... 10

GPS ........................................................................................................ 10

Magnetic Heading ................................................................................... 10

Air/Ground Switch ................................................................................... 10

Control Switches ..................................................................................... 10

System Operation .........................................................................................11

Operating Modes ........................................................................................... 11

Control of Modes .................................................................................... 11

Traffic Information .......................................................................................... 11

Other Traffic (OT) ..................................................................................... 12

Proximity Advisories (PA) ......................................................................... 12

Traffic Advisories (TA) .............................................................................. 12

Ownship Air/Ground Detection ....................................................................... 16

Automatic Mode Switching ..................................................................... 17

Calculated Height Above Ground .................................................................... 17

Ground Traffic Filtering ................................................................................... 18

Mode S Targets ....................................................................................... 18

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Radar Altimeter ....................................................................................... 18

Calculated Height Above Ground .............................................................18

ADS-B Receiver .............................................................................................. 18

Self-Test ......................................................................................................... 20

Q and A ......................................................................................................... 21

Glossary ........................................................................................................23

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SYSTEM DESCRIPTION

Garmin GTS Traffic Systems are a family of Traffic Advisory Systems (TAS)
and Traffic Alert and Collision Avoidance Systems (TCAS). The systems feature
both active interrogation of aircraft transponders and passive surveillance of
1090 MHz Extended Squitter ADS-B broadcasts (1090ES).

GTS Traffic Systems include the following products:

• GTS 800 TAS

• GTS 820 TAS and GTS 850 TCAS I

• GTS 825 TAS and GTS 825 TCAS I

• GTS 8000 TCAS II

Terms used in this Pilot’s Guide:

• TAS: Refers to any TAS system (GTS 800/820/825)

• TCAS I: Refers to any TCAS I system (GTS 850/855)

• TAS / TCAS I: Refers to any TAS or TCAS I system
(GTS 800/820/825/850/855)

• TCAS II: Refers to the GTS 8000

NOTE: Details on the GTS 8000 TCAS II operation are not included in this
guide. For information on a GTS 8000 TCAS II system, refer to the aircraft­specific installation documentation.

General Theory of Operation

Active Surveillance

GTS Traffic Systems actively interrogate the transponders of other nearby
aircraft to determine their bearing, distance, altitude and vertical trend relative
to your aircraft. Aircraft with operating transponders are detected, and aircraft
with altitude reporting transponders will also include altitude and vertical trend
information (level, climbing, or descending). This information is then shown on
a compatible traffic display.

GTS Traffic Systems also provide visual and aural alerts to assist in visually
acquiring traffic. Aural and visual alerts are provided as a Traffic Advisory (TA)
for conflicting traffic.

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Passive Surveillance

GTS Traffic Systems can optionally utilize passive surveillance information
from an internal ADS-B receiver. The ADS-B receiver uses 1090ES broadcasts
from other aircraft that are equipped with 1090ES ADS-B Out. These broadcasts
are combined with the active surveillance data to enhance the accuracy of target
positions on the display. This is Garmin’s CLEAR CASTM technology, which
correlates ADS-B and actively interrogated targets to provide pilots with the most
accurate target position. A GPS position source and magnetic heading system are
required for passive surveillance functionality.

System Specifications

The specifications for each member of the GTS Traffic Systems family are
contained in the table below.

Product GTS 800 GTS 820 GTS 825 GTS 850 GTS 855

Type TAS

TSO-C147

(Class A)

ADS-B
Capability

Transmit Power 40 Watts 250 Watts 400 Watts 250 Watts 400 Watts

Maximum Range 22 NM 40 NM 40 NM 40 NM 80 NM

# Targets Tracked 45 75 75 75 75

XPDR Interface Required

External Amplifier Required No Yes No Yes No

TSO-C166b

[Note 1]

None

Table 2 GTS Traffic Systems Specifications

Note 1: Class A1 / Type 1 (Class A1S for single-antenna installations). GTS 800/820/850

require system software version 3.00 or later for TSO-C166b compliance.

Note 2: A compatible Garmin transponder capable of identifying TCAS interrogations

is required.

TAS

TSO-C147

(Class A)

TSO-C166b

[Note 1]

Mode S

[Note 2]

TAS

TSO-C147

(Class A)

TSO-C166b

[Note 1]

Mode S

[Note 2]

TCAS I

TSO-C118

TSO-C166b

[Note 1]

Mode S
[Note 2]

TCAS I

TSO-C118

TSO-C166b

[Note 1]

Mode S

[Note 2]

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System Components

System Processor

Each GTS Traffic System includes a system processor. The system processor
connects to all of the required and optional antennas, displays, controls, and
aircraft interfaces.

Figure 1 GTS System Processor

GTS 800/820/850 System Processors

The GTS 800/820/850 systems use a unique system processor. The GTS 800
system processor is different from a GTS 820 or GTS 850 system processor.

GTS 825/855 System Processor

The GTS 825/855 systems share a common system processor known as the
“GTS Processor.” The GTS Processor can be configured during installation to be
either a GTS 825 TAS or a GTS 855 TCAS I.

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