GARMIN GPS 150XL User Manual
GPS 150XL
Pilot’s Guide and Reference
Software Version 2.01 or above
© 1997 GARMIN Corporation
1200 East 151st Street, Olathe, Kansas 66062-3426, USA
INTRODUCTION
Foreword
GARMIN (Europe) LTD, Unit 5, The Quadrangle, Abbey Park Industrial Estate,
Romsey, S051 9AQ, UK
Web Site Address: www.garmin.com
All rights reserved. No part of this manual may be reproduced or transmitted in any
form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and recording, for any purpose without the express written permission of GARMIN.
Information in this document is subject to change without notice. GARMIN reserves
the right to change or improve their products and to make changes in the content of
this material without obligation to notify any person or organization of such changes
or improvements.
March 1997 190-00067-80 Rev. A Printed in USA
GARMIN, GPS 150XL, Spell’N’Find, AutoLocate,
PhaseTrac12, and AutoStore are trademarks of
GARMIN and may only be used with permission.
NavData®is a registered trademark of
Jeppesen, Inc.
All rights reserved.
i
INTRODUCTION
Cautions
The Global Positioning System is operated by the United States government,
which is solely responsible for its accuracy and maintenance. The system is subject to
changes which could affect the accuracy and performance of all GPS equipment.
NOTE: This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC
limits for Class B digital devices. This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if
not installed and used in accordance with the instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. Furthermore, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation.
If this equipment does cause harmful interference, the
user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by relocating the equipment or connecting the equipment to a different circuit than the affected equipment. Consult an
authorized dealer or other qualified avionics technician for
additional help if these remedies do not correct the problem.
Operation of this device is subject to the following
conditions: (1) This device may not cause harmful interference, and (2) this device must accept any interference
received, including interference that may cause undesired
operation.
The GARMIN GPS 150XL does not contain any userserviceable parts. Repairs should only be made by an
authorized GARMIN service center. Unauthorized repairs
or modifications could void your warranty and authority
to operate this device under Part 15 regulations.
ii
Although the GARMIN GPS 150XL is a precision electronic NAVigation AID
(NAVAID), any NAVAID can be misused or misinterpreted and therefore become
unsafe.
Use the GPS 150XL at your own risk. To reduce the risk of unsafe operation,
carefully review and understand all aspects of this Owner’s Manual and thoroughly
practice using the simulator mode prior to actual use. When in actual use, carefully
compare indications from the GPS 150XL to all available navigation sources, including the information from other NAVAIDS, visual sightings, charts, etc. For safety,
always resolve any discrepancies before continuing navigation.
The altitude calculated by the GPS 150XL is geometric height above mean sea
level and could vary significantly from altitude displayed by pressure altimeters in aircraft. Never use GPS altitude for vertical navigation.
The Jeppesen database incorporated in the GPS 150XL must be updated regularly
in order to ensure that its information is current. Updates are released every 28 days.
A database information packet is included in your GPS 150XL package.
Pilots using an out-of-date database do so entirely at their own risk.
CAUTION
Accessories & Packing List
Congratulations on choosing the finest, most advanced panel mount VFR
GPS receiver available. The GPS 150XL represents GARMIN’s commitment to provide
an accurate, easy-to-use GPS for all of your aviation needs.
Before installing and getting started with your unit, please check to see that your
package includes the following items. If any parts are missing or damaged, please see
your GARMIN dealer immediately.
INTRODUCTION
Accessories and
Packing List
Standard Package:
• GPS 150XL Unit & NavData® Card
• GPS Antenna
• Installation Rack & Connectors
• Pilot’s Guide & Quick Reference Guide
• Database Subscription Packet
• Warranty Registration Card
Optional Accessories:
• Remote Battery Pack
• AC Adapter
• PC Software/Interface Kit
• User Data Card
• 28 to 14 volt DC converter
To obtain accessories for your GPS 150XL,
please contact your nearest GARMIN dealer.
iii
INTRODUCTION
Warranty
To obtain warranty service, see your local dealer
or call the GARMIN Customer Service department
for a returned merchandise tracking number. The
unit should be securely packaged with the tracking
number clearly marked on the outside of the
package, and sent freight prepaid and insured to a
GARMIN authorized warranty service facility.
GARMIN is fully committed to your satisfaction as
a customer. If you have any questions regarding
the GPS 150XL, please contact our customer service department at:
GARMIN International, Inc.
1200 East 151st Street
Olathe, KS 66062-3426
(913) 397-8200
FAX (913) 397-8282
Every GARMIN GPS is built to exacting standards to provide years of trouble-free
service. GARMIN warrants this product to be free from defects in materials and
workmanship for one year from the date of purchase.
GARMIN International, Inc. will at its sole option, repair or replace any
components which fail in normal use. Such repairs or replacement will be made at
no charge to the customer for parts or labor. The customer is, however, responsible
for any transportation costs. This warranty does not cover failures due to abuse,
misuse, accident or unauthorized alteration or repairs. GARMIN International, Inc.
assumes no responsibility for special, incidental, punitive or consequential damages,
or loss of use.
THE WARRANTIES AND REMEDIES CONTAINED HEREIN ARE EXCLUSIVE,
AND IN LIEU OF ALL OTHER WARRANTIES EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING ANY LIABILITY ARISING UNDER WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR
FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, STATUTORY OR OTHERWISE. THIS
WARRANTY GIVES YOU SPECIFIC LEGAL RIGHTS, WHICH MAY VARY FROM
STATE TO STATE.
iv
PART ONE: INTRODUCTION
Foreword . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .i
Cautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .ii
Accessories/Packing List . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .iii
Warranty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .iv
Table of Contents . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .v-vi
Key and Knob Functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .vii-viii
GPS 150XL Takeoff Tour . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1-9
PART TWO: REFERENCE
Section 1: Navigation with the GPS 150XL ( Nkey) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10
Navigating and planning functions
Section 2: Waypoint and Database Information ( Wkey) . . . . . . . . . . . .31
Finding and using database and waypoint information
Section 3: Nearest Waypoints ( Tkey) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .51
Finding nearest waypoints, SUAs and FSS/ARTCC frequencies
Section 4: Direct-to ( Dkey) & Route Navigation ( Rkey) . . . . . . . .56
Creating and using routes
Section 5: Messages and Unit Settings ( Mkey) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .69
INTRODUCTION
Table of Contents
To quickly and easily locate information
on specific tasks, please refer to the Index
on page 97.
v
INTRODUCTION
Table of Contents
Appendix A: NavData®and User Data Card Use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .81
Appendix B: Installation and Maintenance of the GPS 150XL . . . . . . . .83
Appendix C: Simulator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .84
Appendix D: GPS 150XL Messages and Abbreviations . . . . . . . . . . . . . .86
Appendix E: Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .94
Appendix F: Map Datums . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .95
Appendix G: Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .97
vi
B
b
Key and Knob Functions
The power/intensity knob controls unit power and display intensity.
The zoom-in key is used to zoom in to the next smaller scale setting when
viewing the map page.
INTRODUCTION
Key and Knob
Functions
a
T
R
W
N
The zoom-out key allows you to zoom out to the next larger scale setting
when viewing the map page.
The nearest key is used to obtain information on the 9 nearest airports,
VORs, NDBs, intersections, user waypoints and 2 nearest FSS/ARTCC
points of communication. The nearest key also accesses any active SUA
information. See Section 3 for more information on the nearest waypoints.
The route key enables you to create, edit, activate and invert routes.
Search-and-rescue, parallel offset and closest point of approach functions
are also performed using the route key. See Section 4 for more information.
The waypoint key is used to view information such as runways, frequencies, position and comments on airports, VORs, NDBs, intersections and
user waypoints. See Section 2 for more waypoint information.
The navigation key is used to view navigation and position information.
Planning operations are also performed using this key. See Section 1
for more information on navigation and planning operations.
The GPS 150XL is designed to minimize
keystrokes when performing operations. There are
typically several ways to perform the same operation. In general, using the knobs will decrease keystrokes and time spent using the GPS 150XL.
Experiment to find the most effective way to use
the GPS 150XL to your advantage.
vii
INTRODUCTION
Key and Knob
Functions
M
D
The message key is used to view system messages. This key is also used to
access the GPS 150XL’s unit settings. See Section 5 for more information on
messages and unit settings.
The direct-to key performs an instant direct-to, allows you to enter a
waypoint, and sets a direct course to the destination. See Section 4.
viii
This manual will describe entering data using
the K and O knobs. Experiment with them and
become efficient in entering data with the concentric knobs. This will greatly reduce the amount of
time required to navigate with the GPS 150XL.
\
E
C
O
K
The clear key is used to erase information or cancel an entry.
The enter key is used to approve an operation or complete data entry.
It is also used to confirm information, such as during power on.
The cursor key is used to activate or deactivate the cursor on the GPS
150XL’s display. Pressing once will activate the cursor (indicated by highlighted characters on a data field), which is used to highlight fields for data
entry, changing information or cycling through available options. Press a
second time to deactivate the cursor.
The outer knob is used to advance through pages, advance the cursor
or move through data fields.
The inner knob is used to change data or scroll through information that
cannot fit on the screen all at once.
The GARMIN GPS 150XL is a powerful navigational tool that provides pilots with accurate
navigational data and communication capability, along with a host of database information at your
fingertips. The Takeoff Tour is designed to familiarize you with the operation of the GPS 150XL,
including powering up the unit, entering data and performing a simple direct-to, and provide a
limited introduction to the ‘Nearest’ functions. In addition, this section also briefly covers the
position, NAV summary, map and frequency pages available from the NAV key. These pages will
be used for most of your in-flight navigation.
The Takeoff Tour assumes that the receiver and antenna have been properly installed
and you have not changed any of the GPS 150XL’s default settings. If you have changed
any of the factory default settings (position format, units of measure, selectable fields, etc.),
the pictures shown here may not match your configuration. Prior to using your GPS
150XL for the first time, we recommend that you taxi to a location that is well away from
buildings and other aircraft so the unit can collect satellite data without interruption.
Powering up the GPS 150XL
The GPS 150XL’s power and display intensity are controlled using the Bknob at the
The welcome page appears when the GPS 150XL
is turned on. During the time this screen is
displayed, the GPS 150XL performs a self test to
ensure proper operation.
bottom left of the unit. Rotating it clockwise will turn unit power on and increase the display intensity. After turning the unit on, a welcome page will be displayed while the unit
performs a self test.
The database page will appear, showing the current database information on the NavData
card, with the valid operating dates, cycle number and database type indicated. The database is
updated every 28 days and is available for one-time or subscription purchase.
TAKEOFF TOUR
Power On
To acknowledge the database information:
E key
1. Press the
.
The database confirmation page shows the
effective date of the Jeppesen database on the
NavData Card.
1
TAKEOFF TOUR
Acquiring Satellites
Once the database has been acknowledged, the satellite status page will appear,
and the GPS 150XL will begin to collect satellite information. An ‘Acquiring’ status
will be displayed on the satellite status page, and the signal values on the bottom line
of the page will begin displaying numeric values. This is a good indication that you
are receiving signals and satellite lock will occur. Following the first-time use of your
GPS 150XL, the time required for a position fix will vary — usually from two to five
minutes.
If the unit can only obtain enough satellites for 2D navigation (no altitude), the
unit will use the altitude provided by your altitude encoder (if one is connected and
working). If not, you will be prompted to enter the altitude with a ‘Need alt- Press
NAV’ message. If this message occurs, press the Nkey and use the Kand
O
knobs to enter the altitude shown on your altimeter. Press Ewhen finished.
The satellite status page shows the ID numbers for
the satellites and the relative signal strength of
each satellite received. Turn the K knob to view
additional satellites.
If the GPS 150XL has not been operated for a period of six months or more, it
may have to ‘Search the Sky’ to collect new data. This means the unit is acquiring
satellite data to establish almanac and satellite orbit information, which can take 5 to
10 minutes. The satellite status page will display a ‘Search Sky’ status, and the
message annunciator (U), next to the Mkey, will also flash to alert you of a system
message — ‘Searching the Sky’.
To view a system message
1. Press M.
:
The message page will appear and display the status or warning information
applicable to the receiver’s current operating condition.
‘Search Sky’ indicates that satellite almanac data
is not available or has expired (if the unit hasn’t
been used for six months or more). The data will
be recollected from the first available satellite.
2
To return to the previous page after viewing a message
1. Press Magain.
:
After the GPS 150XL acquires satellites and computes a position, the position page
will appear automatically, and you’ll be informed with ‘Ready for navigation’ on the
message page.
Altitude, MSA or ESA
TAKEOFF TOUR
Position Page
Position (lat/lon)
Reference Waypoint Field
The position page displays your present latitude and longitude, altitude and a reference waypoint field. The altitude and reference waypoint fields are also selectable (see
Section 1 for more information) to allow you to configure the unit to your own preferences. The default settings are:
• Altitude— Your present GPS altitude
• Present Position— Latitude and longitude displayed in degrees/minutes
• Reference Waypoint— The bearing and distance to the nearest airport
The position page is one of seven pages available under the GPS 150XL’s Nkey:
• NAV summary page • Map page
• NAVCOM page • Position page
• Satellite status page • NAV menu 1
• NAV menu 2
During most flights, the position, NAV summary, map and NAVCOM pages will be the
primary pages used for navigation. The pages are accessible by pressing the Nkey and
rotating the outer knob, or by pressing the Nkey repeatedly.
{
The map page combines a moving map display
and navigation data for complete situational
awareness.
The navigation communications (NAVCOM) page
provides a complete list of airport frequencies at
your departure and arrival airports.
3
TAKEOFF TOUR
Direct-To Navigation
NAV Summary Page
The GPS 150XL uses direct point-to-point navigation to guide you from takeoff to
touchdown in the VFR environment. Once a destination is selected, the unit will provide
speed, course and distance data based upon a direct course from your present position
to your destination. A destination can be selected from any page using the D(direct-
to) key.
To select a direct-to destination:
D
1. Press the
key. The NAV summary page will appear with the destination field highlighted.
The NAV summary page without a direct-to
destination or active route appears blank, except
for ground speed (GS) and track (TRK) figures,
if displayed.
2. Rotate the
tion waypoint may be an airport, VOR, NDB, intersection or user waypoint, as long as it is in
the database or stored in memory as a user waypoint.
3. Rotate the
4. Repeat steps 2 and 3 to spell out the rest of the waypoint identifier.
5. Press
6. Press
K
knob to enter the first letter of the destination waypoint identifier. The destina-
O
knob to the right to move the cursor to the next character position.
E
to confirm the identifier. The direct-to confirmation page will appear.
E
to confirm the destination.
Once the direct-to destination is confirmed, the NAV summary page will appear
When a destination is selected the direct-to
confirmation page appears to verify the
destination you selected.
with the destination indicated in the lower left hand corner of the screen. Your present
speed and track over the ground, and the distance and estimated time enroute to your
destination are also displayed. The graphical CDI (course deviation indicator), located at
the top of the screen, displays your position relative to the desired course and provides
4
turn anticipation and waypoint messages during route navigation.
In addition to the destination field and graphical CDI, the GPS 150XL NAV summary page features five selectable fields for various navigation data so that the page may be
configured to your own preferences (see Section 1 for more information). The default
settings for the NAV summary page are:
• Distance (dis)— The distance to your destination in nautical miles
• Ground Speed (gs)— Your present speed over the ground in knots
• Bearing (brg)— The direction from present position to your destination
• Desired Track (dtk)— The course between the ‘from’ and ‘to’ waypoints
• Estimated Time Enroute (ete)— The time to your destination (in hours
and minutes) based upon your present speed and course
The next page available from the Nkey is the map page. The map page combines
the primary navigation information from the NAV summary page – distance to waypoint, ground speed, bearing, desired track and ETE – with a moving map display. The
moving map display shows your current position (using an airplane symbol or a diamond symbol) relative to nearby airports, VORs, NDBs, intersections, user waypoints
and airspace boundaries. Notice that the graphical CDI does not appear on the map
page; the graphical CDI does appear on all other GPS 150XL pages.
The map page can be divided into two main sections:
Map Display
Data
Fields
{
TAKEOFF TOUR
NAV Summary &
Map Pages
NAV summary page with ‘trk’, ‘brg’ and ‘eta’
displayed.
NAV summary page with ‘dtk’, ‘brg’ and ‘trk’
displayed.
5
TAKEOFF TOUR
Map Page
The map display may be oriented along your
ground track (track up), course (desired track up)
or fixed at north up. Desired track up or north up
settings show your present position with a diamond symbol instead of the airplane symbol.
Airspace
Boundaries
Airport Waypoint
Present
Position
The map display occupies the right side of the display. Your present position is indicated by a plane symbol (in track up mode) or a position diamond (in other orientation modes), with your route displayed as a solid line. Nearby airports, navaids and
user waypoints may be depicted on the map; with unique identifying symbols for each
waypoint type. Boundaries for special use and controlled airspaces can also appear on
the map display. You may select which features are shown on the map using the map
setup page (see page 70).
Distance & Bearing
to Waypoint
Destination
Waypoint
GS
ETE
TRK
DTK
Map
Scale
The data fields on the map page indicate distance and bearing to destination way-
Distance and bearing to waypoint, destination
waypoint name and desired track are shown on
the left hand side of the map page. To remove the
data fields that border the map display, press \.
6
point, desired track, ground speed, time to waypoint and map scale. The destination
waypoint name, bearing to waypoint, distance to waypoint and desired track appear
on the left side of the page. The other data fields are located at the corners of the map
display, as shown in the illustration above, and may be removed by pressing \.
The map display has 14 available scales from 0.5 to 300 (nautical miles, statute miles or
kilometers) representing the vertical height of the map. The map scale is controlled by
the aand bkeys, with the current scale displayed in the lower right corner.
To select a map scale:
1. Press
to increase the map scale and show a larger area (or turn Kto the right).
a
TAKEOFF TOUR
Map Scales
NAVCOM Page
2. Press
to decrease the map scale and show a smaller area (or turn Kto the left).
b
Another page available under the GPS 150XL’s Nkey is the navigation
communications (NAVCOM) page. It provides you with a complete list of airport fre-
quencies at your departure and arrival airports, allowing convenient selection of frequencies you’ll need along your flight path. If you do not have an active departure airport, the navigation communications page will display the frequencies for the
airport nearest your departure position.
To view the NAVCOM page from the map page, rotate Oone stop to the right.
The NAVCOM page lists your departure and arrival airports on the left side of the
page, with all the database frequencies listed in a column down the right side of the
page. To scroll through the list of frequencies, simply rotate the inner knob (K) in the
direction of the arrow prompts at the bottom left of the page.
Once a direct-to is activated, the NAV summary page will provide navigation to the
destination until the direct-to is cancelled or another direct-to destination is activated.
To cancel a direct-to from the NAV summary page:
1. Press the
2. Press
3. Press
C
key to activate the cursor in the destination field.
\
.
E
.
To change the map scale press
scale or
The NAVCOM page lists the frequencies for your
departure (or nearest) and arrival airports.
to decrease the scale.
b
to increase the
a
7
TAKEOFF TOUR
Nearest Waypoints
The GPS 150XL’s Tkey provides the nine nearest airports, VORs, NDBs, intersections, user waypoints and any SUA (special use airspace) alerts, as well as the two
closest FSS (Flight Service Station) and center (ARTCC) frequencies for your present
position. The nearest waypoint feature is a handy safety feature that may be used to
execute a quick direct-to in case of an in-flight emergency or to review the closest facilities to your present position. The nearest feature can also be used to quickly find the
contact frequency of the nearest airport.
The nearest airport page shows up to nine
nearest airports from your present position.
To view the nine nearest airports
1. Press the Tkey. The nearest airport will be displayed, with the range and bearing from
your present position, along with elevation, frequency and runway data.
2. To review the rest of the nearest airport list, rotate the
To view the nearest list for other waypoint categories (VOR, NDB, etc.)
1. Rotate the Oknob to the right, or press the Tkey repeatedly.
2. Rotate Kto scroll through the list.
:
K
knob to the right.
:
Once the nearest airport (or any other nearest waypoint) page is displayed, the
selected waypoint can be quickly reviewed or selected as a direct-to destination.
To review the selected waypoint from the nearest waypoint list
1. Press Cto activate the waypoint field.
2. Press Eto display the waypoint identification page.
To view additional nearest airports, rotate the
K knob.
8
3. Rotate Oto view any additional waypoint information available.
4. Press Tto return to the nearest waypoint page.
:
To select a nearest waypoint as a direct-to destination
1. Press the Dkey. The direct-to confirmation page for the selected waypoint will appear.
2. Press Eto confirm.
:
Congratulations! You’ve now gone through the basic operation of the GPS 150XL.
We encourage you to experiment with your new GPS receiver to get to know all the
advanced navigation features it has to offer. If you’d like a little more practice, try
using the built-in simulator described in Appendix C. An optional AC adapter will
even let you plan and simulate flights in the comfort of your home or office.
TAKEOFF TOUR
Nearest Waypoints
Shutting Down
To turn the GPS 150XL off
1. Turn the Bknob to the left until the unit shuts off.
:
To review a nearest waypoint, highlight the identifier and press E.
To select a nearest waypoint as your direct-to
destination, press D and E.
9
SECTION
1
NAV KEY
Overview
Section 1
Navigation Key
The GPS 150XL features seven navigation pages to provide various position,
course, speed, status and planning information. The pages may be viewed by pressing
the Nkey and rotating the outer knob, or by pressing the Nkey repeatedly.
NAV Summary Page
Map Page
NAVCOM Page
NAV Menu 2
Remember! The NAV pages will only display information AFTER the position and navigational infor-
mation has been calculated from the satellites. If you
are on the position page before the unit has calculated a position, you will be able to enter an approximate position and altitude. This is helpful in speeding
satellite acquisition if the unit has moved a great distance with the power off.
If you are not sure the GPS is actively calculating
position, check the receiver status field for ‘2D NAV’
or ‘3D NAV’ by pressing the N key and rotating
the outer knob until the satellite status page appears.
The current receiver status is displayed at the top left
of the page.
10
The NAV summary, map, NAVCOM and position pages are the primary pages
used during in-flight navigation, while the nav menu and status pages offer access to
planning, calculation and status functions. Note that rotating the outer knob clockwise will continuously cycle through all the nav pages, whereas turning the knob
counterclockwise will stop the page selection sequence at the NAV summary page.
Whenever the Nkey pages are in use, the indicator light (U) next to the
key will illuminate. If the GPS 150XL requires you to enter data on a navigation page,
a message prompt with specific instructions will appear and the indicator will flash. If
you leave the NAV page sequence for another set of pages, the last NAV page displayed will reappear when you return to the nav sequence.
NAV Menu 1
Satellite Status Page
Position Page
N
The GPS 150XL’s NAV summary page provides you with the important informa-
tion needed to navigate directly to your destination. The destination field, located at
the bottom left of the page, displays the current destination waypoint or active route
leg being navigated. If no direct-to destination or route is being navigated, the destination field will remain blank.
Ground Speed
Messages
or CDI
NAV KEY
NAV Summary Page
SECTION
1
Distance
field
Direction
field
The graphical CDI (course deviation indicator) at the top of the page shows your
position relative to the desired course (the moving D-bar) to the destination waypoint. The TO/FROM arrow in the center of the scale indicates whether you are
heading to (an up arrow) the waypoint or if you have passed the waypoint (a down
arrow). The default setting of the CDI scale is 5.0 nm. If you are not navigating to a
destination, the CDI field will display a ‘no active waypoint’ message, and only speed
and track data will be available. The CDI field is also used to display the GPS 150XL’s
turn anticipation and waypoint alert data during route operations (see Section 4).
In addition to displaying your active destination and the course deviation scale,
the NAV summary page features five selectable fields for various distance, direction,
speed and time options. This allows you to configure the NAV summary page to your
preferences. The default settings displayed are distance, ground speed, bearing,
desired track and estimated time enroute.
Active Waypoint
Time or Direction Field
Direction
field
The TO/FROM arrow indicates whether you are
heading to (an up arrow) the waypoint or if you’ve
passed the waypoint (a down arrow).
‘No Active Waypoint’ appears on the CDI field if
there is no destination waypoint selected using the
D key and no active route.
11
WPT 1
STR L
NORTH
NORTH
WPT 2
BRG
TRK
GS
DIS
AIRPLANE
DTK
The following functions may be displayed in the distance field:
SECTION
1
NAV KEY
Configuring the
NAV Summary Page
• dis— Distance from present position to the ‘active to’ waypoint.
• str— Steer direction and distance, or digital crosstrack error. An ‘L’ or ‘R’
indicates which direction to steer, while the distance value indicates how far you are off course.
The following functions may be displayed in the ground speed field:
• gs— Your present speed over the ground.
• str— Steer direction and distance, or digital crosstrack error. An ‘L’ or ‘R’
indicates which direction to steer, while the distance value indicates how far you are off course.
The following steering functions may be displayed in the direction fields:
• brg— Bearing, the direction from your present position to the waypoint.
• cts— Course to steer to reduce cross track error and re-intercept course.
• dtk— Desired track, the course between the active from and to waypoints.
• trk— Track, the direction of movement relative to the ground.
• trn— Turn, the direction and degrees to turn to get back on course.
The following information can be displayed in the time field:
• eta— Estimated time of arrival (at the active to waypoint).
• ete— Estimated time enroute (to the active to waypoint).
• trk— Track, or the direction of movement relative to the ground.
• vn— Vertical navigation, or VNAV. If VNAV has been activated, this field
indicates either the elapsed time before the VNAV maneuver is to
12
begin or the VNAV altitude (the suggested altitude you should be flying in order to complete the maneuver).
To change any of the selectable fields on the NAV summary page:
1. Press Cto activate the cursor.
2. Rotate Oto highlight the field you would like to change.
3. Rotate Kto change the field to display the desired information.
4. Rotate Oto highlight another field, or Cto finish.
Map Display
NAV KEY
NAV Summary
& Map Pages
SECTION
1
Data
Fields
{
The next page available from the GPS 150XL’s Nkey is the map page. The map
page displays your present position, using an airplane symbol (in track up mode) or a
position diamond (in other orientation modes), along with nearby airports, VORs,
NDBs, intersections, user waypoints and airspace boundaries. Note: If the GPS 150XL is
unable to determine a GPS position the present position symbol will not appear on the
map page.
The map display occupies the right side of the display and shows your position relative to nearby airports, navaids, user waypoints and airspaces. Different symbols are
used to distinguish between waypoint types. The identifiers for any on-screen waypoints can also be displayed. Special-use and controlled airspace boundaries appear on
the map, showing the individual sectors in the case of Class B or Class C airspace. The
map display can be configured to display airports, navaids, user waypoints, airspaces
only at certain scales or these items may be disabled entirely (see page 70). This allows
you to de-clutter the map display at larger scale settings.
Present
Position
Map Scale
The map page, showing only airports and airspaces on the map display.
The map page, showing airports, airspaces, VORs
and NDBs on the map display.
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SECTION
1
NAV KEY
Map Page
The map display can be set to 14 different scale settings from 0.5 to 300 (nautical
miles, statute miles or kilometers). The scale represents the top-to-bottom distance
covered by the map display.
To select a map scale:
1. Press
2. Press
An autozoom feature is available which will automatically adjust from an en route
scale of 300 through each lower scale, stopping at a scale of 1 as you approach your
destination waypoint. The autozoom feature is turned on/off from the map setup page
described on page 70.
to increase the map scale and show a larger area (or turn Kto the right).
a
to decrease the map scale and show a smaller area (or turn Kto the left).
b
To change the map scale press the akey to
increase the scale or
14
to decrease the scale.
b
The orientation of the map may be fixed at ‘north up’, or set to ‘desired track up’
(dtk up) or ‘track up’ (trk up). The ‘north up’ setting will keep the top of the map
display fixed on north. ‘Track up’ will cause the map to rotate so the top of the map
is the direction you are heading. ‘Desired track up’ keeps the map display fixed along
your desired course. Map orientation is changed on the map setup page described on
page 70.
Navigation data is also provided on the map page to guide you during your flight.
The destination waypoint name, distance & bearing to waypoint, and desired track
(dtk) appear on the left side of the page. Four additional data fields are located at the
corners of the map display, as follows:
Ground speed (gs) - upper left corner
Ground track (trk) - lower left corner
Estimated time en route (ETE) - upper right corner
Map scale - lower right corner
The next page available from the GPS 150XL’s Nkey is the navigation communi-
cations (NAVCOM) page. The NAVCOM page provides a list of the airport frequencies
at your departure and arrival airports, allowing convenient selection of frequencies you’ll
need along your flight path. To scroll through the list of frequencies, rotate the inner
knob (K) in the direction of the arrow prompts at the bottom left of the page.
NAV KEY
NAVCOM Page
SECTION
1
The frequencies displayed for the departure and arrival airports are listed in the
order you are most likely to use them (see right), with the available frequencies
displayed to the right of the airport identifier. If you do not have an active route with a
departure airport, the NAVCOM page will display the frequencies for the airport nearest
your departure position.
If a frequency has sector or altitude restrictions, the frequency will be followed by a
‘brg?’ indication.
To view restrictions on a frequency:
1. Press Cto activate the cursor.
2. Rotate Oto highlight the ‘brg?’ next to the frequency you wish to view.
E
3. Press
to begin viewing restrictions.
The NAVCOM page lists the frequencies for your
departure (or nearest) and arrival airports in the
following order:
Departure Arrival
• Unicom • ATIS
• ATIS • Approach
• Clearance Delivery • Arrival
• Clearance Pretaxi • TCA
• Ground • TMA
• Tower • CTA
• Multicom • ARSA
• Other • TRSA
• Departure • Tower
• TCA • Multicom
• TMA • Other
• CTA • Ground
• ARSA • Unicom
• TRSA
15
Once you begin viewing restrictions, you can view any additional frequencies for
SECTION
1
NAVCOM page with receive only (rx) frequency
and frequencies with restrictions (brg).
Frequency restrictions on 124.60, showing range
of applicable radials from 130º through 309º.
16
NAV KEY
NAVCOM &
Position Pages
the selected airport by rotating K. (Note: An arrow prompt displayed next to the airport identifier indicates additional frequencies are available.) You can also view the
other airport information pages by rotating O. Information contained on these pages
is covered in Section 2. To return to the NAVCOM page, press N.
Some frequencies in the NAVCOM page have tags which designate their usage:
‘tx’ – transmit only ‘rx’ – receive only
‘pt’ – part time frequency
The GPS 150XL position page displays the graphical CDI along with your present
latitude and longitude, altitude and a reference waypoint field. The altitude and reference waypoint fields are selectable to configure the page to your own preferences and
current navigation needs.
Altitude, MSA or ESA
Position (lat/lon)
Reference Waypoint Field
The altitude field can display either the present altitude, minimum safe altitude
(MSA) or enroute safe altitude (ESA). MSA is the recommended minimum altitude
within a ten mile radius of your present position. ESA is the recommended minimum
altitude within a ten mile radius of your course on an active route or direct-to. MSA
and ESA altitudes are calculated from information contained in the database and generally include mountains, buildings and other permanent features (see following page).
{
To change the altitude field:
C
1. Press
2. Rotate
3. Rotate
The position page also features a reference waypoint field, located at the bottom of
the page, to indicate your bearing and distance from a selected waypoint. The reference
waypoint field can display the following:
• Range, bearing and identifier from the nearest airport (default), VOR, NDB,
intersection, or user waypoint
• Range, bearing, and identifier from a user specified waypoint
To change the reference waypoint field to display the nearest airport, VOR, NDB,
intersection, user waypoint or the range and bearing from a user selected waypoint:
1. Press
2. Rotate
3. Use Kto choose which waypoint type you would like displayed. (Choose ‘wpt’ if you would
like range and bearing from a specific waypoint to be displayed.)
4. Press
If you have selected ‘wpt’:
5. Rotate Oto advance the cursor to highlight the identifier field.
to obtain a cursor.
O
until the ‘alt/ESA/MSA’ field is highlighted.
K
to display the desired data. Press Cto return to normal navigation.
C
to activate the cursor.
O
to highlight the category field after the fr.
C
to remove the cursor, or:
NAV KEY
SECTION
Position Page &
Reference Waypoints
The position page displaying MSA. MSA and ESA
are based on data stored in the NavData card.
This information cannot be solely relied upon as
an absolute measure of safe altitude in your area.
Consult current charts and NOTAMS.
1
6. Use the Kand Oknobs to enter the identifier name. (This waypoint identifier can be an
airport, VOR, NDB, intersection, or user waypoint.) Press
7. Press Cto confirm the selection.
This allows the distance and bearing from any waypoint to be displayed continuous-
ly, which may be useful when trying to locate your position on a sectional chart.
E.
Position page displaying the ‘TOP’ VOR as the reference waypoint. This configuration can be used to
help monitor your distance and radial from a
waypoint of your choice. (Note: the waypoint category is listed as ‘wpt’ rather than ‘VOR’ because
the GPS 150XL is not using the nearest VOR.)
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SECTION
1
NAV KEY
Satellite
Status Page
The GPS 150XL’s satellite status page provides satellite information to monitor
GPS coverage and receiver performance. This is helpful when you may be experiencing low signal levels due to poor coverage or installation problems.
To view the satellite status page:
1. Press Nand rotate Ountil the satellite status page appears.
CDI
Receiver Status
Satellites in view
Satellite status page with ‘EPE’ displayed.
Estimated Position Error (EPE) gives an overall
measure of your position accuracy in feet or
meters.
The top lines of the status page display a graphical CDI, followed by the receiver
status and the current position accuracy in DOP or EPE. The default setting is DOP.
The following functions may be displayed in the DOP/EPE field:
Satellite status page with ‘DOP’ displayed.
Dilution of Precision (DOP) measures relative
accuracy from 1 to 10.
18
Signal strength of
satellite being tracked (1-9)
• dop— Dilution of Precision, a measure of the satellite geometry quality
and relative accuracy of your position, with 1 indicating good
geometry and 10 meaning poor.
• epe— Estimated Position Error, an overall measure of your positional
accuracy in feet or meters using signal and data quality, receiver
tracking status and DOP.
Satellite in view
but not receiving signal
EPE/DOP
value
To change the DOP/EPE field:
1. PressNand rotate Oto display the satellite status page.
2. If the desired field (EPE or DOP) is not displayed, press C.
3. Use Kto change between ‘epe’ and ‘dop’. Press Cto finish.
The receiver status field, located on the second line (left side) of the page, will
display the following messages under the appropriate conditions:
Search Sky - The GPS 150XL is searching the sky for visible satellites. You
will be informed with the message ‘Searching the Sky’.
Acquiring - The GPS 150XL is acquiring satellites for navigation.
2D Nav - The GPS 150XL is in 2D navigation mode. If your installation
does not include an altitude serializer, you must enter the altitude manually (see page 2). ‘2D Dif Nav’ will appear when you
are receiving DGPS corrections in 2D mode.
3D Nav - The GPS 150XL is in 3D navigation mode and will compute
altitude. ‘3D Dif Nav’ will appear when you are receiving DGPS
corrections in 3D mode.
Simulator - The GPS 150XL is in simulator mode, which should only be
used for practice and trip planning. Never use simulator mode
for actual navigation.
Poor Cvrg - The GPS 150XL cannot acquire sufficient satellites for navigation.
Need Alt - The GPS 150XL needs altitude in order to start/continue naviga-
tion. Press Nto display the position page and enter altitude.
Not Usable - The GPS 150XL is unusable due to incorrect initialization or
abnormal satellite conditions. Turn the unit off and on again.
Autolocate - The GPS 150XL is looking for any satellite whose almanac has
been collected. This process can take up to five minutes.
NAV KEY
SECTION
Receiver
Status Field
‘Acquiring’ satellites for navigation. In this case,
the satellites are being received, but the data is
still being collected before a position can be
determined.
‘Searching the Sky’ for satellites. No satellite
almanac data exists in the GPS 150XL. It must
be recollected from the first available satellite.
1
19
SECTION
1
NAV KEY
Satellite Data Page
The third and fourth lines of the satellite status page provide the satellite number
and signal strength of each satellite in view. The satellite status page shows signal
strength for up to eight satellites at a time. If additional satellites are being received
an arrow on the ‘sat’ line will indicate additional data is available.
To view additional satellites:
1. Rotate
Additional information regarding each satellite’s azimuth, elevation and other data
is also available.
To view individual satellite information:
Viewing individual satellite information.
elevation angle, rise or fall indication, User Range Accuracy (URA, or the range
measurement accuracy as determined by the satellite), azimuth and signal strength.
20
1. Press Nand use Oto display the satellite status page.
2. Press Cto activate the cursor.
3. Use Oto highlight the satellite number you wish to view and press E.
This will display the satellite data page, showing the selected satellite’s number,
To view other satellites:
4. Rotate Kto view information for the next satellite.
5. Rotate Oand press Con the satellite status page when you are finished.
K
to view more satellites.
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