Garmin GNS 430, GNS 430A Pilot’s Guide and Reference

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GNS 430/430A

Pilot’s Guide and Reference

Part Number Change Summary

190-00140-00

Made various layout corrections, no content changes

(Rev. J)

Revision Date of Revision Description

A B C D E

F G H

12/98

4/99 6/99 7/99 4/00 7/00 5/03 5/06

Initial Release Update to conform to recent SW changes Added Addendum Update for SW 2.10 Update for SW 2.15 Updated Power On, Wind Vector, Crossﬁll, DME, and Fuel Plan Added FDE Section, updated per SW 5.01, misc. changes Changed to 8 inch x 8.5 inch format. Added TERRAIN, misc. changes

RECORD OF REVISIONS

GNS 430 Pilot’s Guide and Reference

This manual reﬂects the operation of Main System Software version 5.01 or later. Some differences may be observed when comparing the information in this manual to other software versions.

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Web Site Address: www.garmin.com Visit the Garmin website for the latest updates and supplemental information concerning the operation of this and other Garmin

products.

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Garmin®, AutoLocate®, and PhaseTrac12® are registered trademarks of Garmin Ltd. or its subsidiaries and may not be used without the express permission of Garmin.

GNS™ and Spell’N’Find™ are trademarks of Garmin Ltd. or its subsidiaries and may not be used without the express permission of Garmin.

NavData® is a registered trademark of Jeppesen, Inc.

June 2006 190-00140-00 Rev. J Printed in the U.S.A.

GNS 430 Pilot’s Guide and Reference

TABLE OF CONTENTS

SECTION 1: INTRODUCTION ........................................... 1-1

1.1 Accessories and Packing List ................................. 1-1

1.2 Key and Knob Functions ......................................... 1-2

1.3 Takeoff Tour ............................................................... 1-5

SECTION 2: COM .................................................................. 2-1

2.1 Communicating using the GNS 430 ...................... 2-1

SECTION 3: NAV PAGES .................................................. 3-1

3.1 Main Page Groups .................................................... 3-1

3.2 NAV Page Group ....................................................... 3-1

3.3 Default NAV Page .....................................................3-2

3.4 Map Page ...................................................................3-5

3.5 TERRAIN Page .......................................................... 3-14

3.6 NAV/COM Page ........................................................ 3-17

3.7 Position Page ..........................................................3-19

3.8 Satellite Status Page ............................................. 3-22

3.9 Vertical Navigation Page ...................................... 3-24

SECTION 4: DIRECT-TO NAVIGATION .........................4-1

4.1 Overview .................................................................... 4-1

SECTION 5: FLIGHT PLANS .............................................5-1

5.1 Flight Plan Catalog Page ........................................ 5-1

5.2 Active Flight Plan Page ........................................... 5-8

SECTION 6: PROCEDURES ............................................... 6-1

6.1 Approaches, Departures and Arrivals .................. 6-1

6.2 Non-Precision Approach Operations .................... 6-3

6.3 ILS Approaches ....................................................... 6-26

6.4 Points to Remember for All Approaches ..........6-32

SECTION 7: WPT PAGES .................................................... 7-1

7.1 WPT Page Group ....................................................... 7-1

7.2 Airport Location Page ............................................. 7-4

7.3 Airport Runway Page .............................................. 7-5

7.4 Airport Frequency Page .......................................... 7-6

7.5 Airport Approach Page ...........................................7-8

7.6 Airport Arrival Page ............................................... 7-11

7.7 Airport Departure Page ........................................ 7-13

7.8 Intersection Page ................................................... 7-14

7.9 NDB Page .................................................................. 7-15

7.10 VOR Page ................................................................7-15

7.11 User Waypoint Page ............................................7-17

SECTION 8: NRST PAGES ................................................. 8-1

8.1 NRST Page Group .....................................................8-1

8.2 Nearest Airport Page ............................................... 8-4

8.3 Nearest Intersection Page ...................................... 8-6

8.4 Nearest NDB Page .................................................... 8-6

8.5 Nearest VOR Page ....................................................8-6

8.6 Nearest User Waypoint Page ................................. 8-8

8.7 Nearest Center (ARTCC) Page ................................ 8-8

8.8 Nearest Flight Service Station (FSS) Page ..........8-9

8.9 Nearest Airspace Page .......................................... 8-10

SECTION 9: VLOC RECEIVER ........................................... 9-1

9.1 VLOC (VOR/LOCALIZER/GLIDESLOPE) Receiver

Operations ......................................................................... 9-1

SECTION 10: AUX PAGES ...............................................10-1

10.1 AUX Page Group ................................................... 10-1

10.2 Flight Planning Page ...........................................10-2

10.3 Utility Page ..........................................................10-12

10.4 Setup 1 Page ....................................................... 10-20

10.5 Setup 2 Page ....................................................... 10-27

SECTION 11: TERRAIN INTERFACE ............................ 11-1

11.1 Introduction ..........................................................11-1

11.2 TERRAIN Operation ..............................................11-2

11.3 TERRAIN Alerts ......................................................11-7

SECTION 12: FAULT DETECTION AND

EXCLUSION ............................................................................ 12-1

12.1 Detection and Exclusion ..................................... 12-1

12.2 Pre-Departure Veriﬁcation of FDE ....................12-2

SECTION 13: MESSAGES, ABBREVIATIONS, AND

TERMS ............................................................................ 13-1

NAV

13.1 Messages ................................................................ 13-1

13.2 Abbreviations ........................................................13-9

13.3 Navigation Terms ...............................................13-12

Appendix A: Data Card Use ..........................................A-1

Appendix B: Speciﬁcations ........................................... B-1

Appendix C: Map Datums ..............................................C-1

Appendix D: Troubleshooting Q & A .......................D-1

GNS 430 Pilot’s Guide and Reference

iii

WARNINGS,

CAUTIONS, AND NOTES

WARNING: Navigation and terrain separation must NOT be predicated upon the use of the TERRAIN function. The TERRAIN feature is NOT intended to be used as a primary reference for terrain avoidance and does not relieve the pilot from the responsibility of being aware of surroundings during ﬂight. The TERRAIN feature is only to be used as an aid for terrain avoidance and is not certiﬁed for use in applications requiring a certiﬁed terrain awareness system. Terrain data is obtained from third party sources. Garmin is not able to independently verify the accuracy of the terrain data.

WARNING: The terrain data should be used only as an aid for situational awareness. Terrain data must not

be used as the sole basis for decisions or maneuvers to avoid terrain or obstacles. Terrain data must not be used for navigation.

WARNING: The altitude calculated by GNS 430 GPS receivers is geometric height above Mean Sea Level and could vary signiﬁcantly from the altitude displayed by pressure altimeters in aircraft. GPS altitude should never be used for vertical navigation. Always use pressure altitude displayed by pressure altimeters in the aircraft.

WARNING: The Jeppesen database used in the GNS 430 system must be updated regularly in order to ensure that its information remains current. Updates are released every 28 days. A database information packet is included in the GNS 430 package. Pilots using an outdated database do so entirely at their own risk.

WARNING: The basemap (land and water data) must not be used for navigation, but rather only for nonnavigational situational awareness. Any basemap indication should be compared with other navigation sources.

WARNING: For safety reasons, GNS 430 operational procedures must be learned on the ground.

WARNING: The United States government operates the Global Positioning System and is solely responsible

for its accuracy and maintenance. The GPS system is subject to changes which could affect the accuracy and performance of all GPS equipment. GPS accuracy may be degraded by the U.S. Department of Defense-imposed Selective Availability (SA) program. With ‘SA’ on, GPS altitude may be in error by several hundred feet. Portions of the Garmin GNS 430 utilize GPS as a precision electronic NAVigation AID (NAVAID). Therefore, as with all NAVAIDs, information presented by the GNS 430 can be misused or misinterpreted and, therefore, become unsafe.

GNS 430 Pilot’s Guide and Reference

WARNINGS,

CAUTIONS, AND NOTES

WARNING: Use the GNS 430 at your own risk. To reduce the risk of unsafe operation, carefully review and understand all aspects of the GNS 430 Pilot’s Guide documentation and the GNS 430 Flight Manual Supplement. Thoroughly practice basic operation prior to actual use. During ﬂight operations, carefully compare indications from the GNS 430 to all available navigation sources, including the information from other NAVAIDs, visual sightings, charts, etc. For safety purposes, always resolve any discrepancies before continuing navigation.

CAUTION: The GNS 430 display lens is coated with a special anti-reﬂective coating that is very sensitive to skin oils, waxes, and abrasive cleaners. CLEANERS CONTAINING AMMONIA WILL HARM THE ANTI-REFLECTIVE COATING. It is very important to clean the lens using a clean, lint-free cloth and an eyeglass lens cleaner that is speciﬁed as safe for anti-reﬂective coatings.

CAUTION: The Garmin GNS 430 does not contain any user-serviceable parts. Repairs should only be made by an authorized Garmin service center. Unauthorized repairs or modiﬁcations could void both the warranty and the pilot’s authority to operate this device under FAA/FCC regulations.

NOTE: All visual depictions contained within this document, including screen images of the GNS 430 panel and displays, are subject to change and may not reﬂect the most current GNS 430 system. Depictions of equipment may differ slightly from the actual equipment.

NOTE: This device complies with part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions: (1) this device may not cause harmful interference, and (2) this device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation.

NOTE: Unless otherwise speciﬁed within this manual, the term ‘GNS 430’ applies to both the GNS 430 and the GNS 430A models. Please, note that the difference between these two models is indicated under ‘VHF COM Performance’ in the Speciﬁcations section of this manual (Appendix B).

NOTE: This product, its packaging, and its components contain chemicals known to the State of California to cause cancer, birth defects, or reproductive harm. This notice is being provided in accordance with California’s Proposition 65. If you have any questions or would like additional information, please refer to our website at www.garmin.com/prop65.

GNS 430 Pilot’s Guide and Reference

WARRANTY

LIMITED WARRANTY

This Garmin product is warranted to be free from defects in materials or workmanship for two years from the date of purchase. Within this period, Garmin will, at its sole option, repair or replace any components that fail in normal use. Such repairs or replacement will be made at no charge to the customer for parts and labor, provided that the customer shall be responsible for any transportation cost. This warranty does not cover failures due to abuse, misuse, accident, or unauthorized alterations or repairs.

THE WARRANTIES AND REMEDIES CONTAINED HEREIN ARE EXCLUSIVE AND IN LIEU OF ALL OTHER WARRANTIES EXPRESS OR IMPLIED OR STATUTORY, INCLUDING ANY LIABILITY ARISING UNDER ANY WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, STATUTORY OR OTHERWISE. THIS WARRANTY GIVES YOU SPECIFIC LEGAL RIGHTS, WHICH MAY VARY FROM STATE TO STATE.

IN NO EVENT SHALL GARMIN BE LIABLE FOR ANY INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, INDIRECT OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES, WHETHER RESULTING FROM THE USE, MISUSE, OR INABILITY TO USE THIS PRODUCT OR FROM DEFECTS IN THE PRODUCT. Some states do not allow the exclusion of incidental or consequential damages, so the above limitations may not apply to you.

Garmin retains the exclusive right to repair or replace the unit or software, or to offer a full refund of the purchase price, at its sole discretion. SUCH REMEDY SHALL BE YOUR SOLE AND EXCLUSIVE REMEDY FOR ANY BREACH OF WARRANTY.

To obtain warranty service, contact your local Garmin Authorized Service Center. For assistance in locating a Service Center near you, visit the Garmin Web site at “http://www.garmin.com” or contact Garmin Customer Service at 800-800-1020.

GNS 430 Pilot’s Guide and Reference

SECTION 1

INTRODUCTION

SECTION 1: INTRODUCTION

1.1 ACCESSORIES AND PACKING LIST

Congratulations on choosing the ﬁnest, most advanced panel mount IFR navigation/communication system available. The GNS 430 represents Garmin’s commitment to provide accurate, easy-to-use avionics.

Before installing and getting started with the GNS 430, please check to see that the package includes the following items. If any parts are missing or damaged, please contact a Garmin dealer immediately.

Standard Package:

• GNS 430 Unit, NavData® Card, and Terrain Data Card

• Installation Rack, Connectors, and GPS Antenna

• Pilot’s Guide and Quick Reference Guide

• 400/500 Series Display Interface Pilot’s Guide Addendum

The Garmin dealer performs the installation and conﬁguration of the GNS 430. The GNS 430 is secured in the installation rack with the proper wiring connections performed. After installation, the NavData card and the Terrain Data card (if applicable) are installed into the correct slot on the front of the unit (Appendix A). A Garmin dealer can answer questions about the installation such as location of antennas or any connections to other equipment in the panel.

NOTE: Help Garmin provide better support by

completing our on-line registration. Registration ensures notiﬁcation of product updates, new products, and provides for lost or stolen unit tracking. Have the serial number of the GNS 430 available and connect to our website (www. garmin.com). Look for the product registration link on the home page.

• Database Subscription Packet

• Warranty Registration Card

• GNS 430 Simulator CD-ROM

GNS 430 Pilot’s Guide and Reference

1-1

SECTION 1

INTRODUCTION

1.2 KEY AND KNOB FUNCTIONS

The GNS 430 is designed to make operation as simple as possible. The key and knob descriptions (Figure 1-1) provide a general overview of the primary function(s) for each key and knob. The takeoff tour (Section 1.3) is intended to provide a brief overview of the primary functions of the GNS 430.

Experiment with the unit and refer to the reference

sections for more information.

Data is entered using the large and small knobs. Experiment with them to become efﬁcient at entering data. This greatly reduces the amount of time spent operating the GNS 430 in ﬂight.

1-2

COM Power/Volume

VLOC Volume

COM Flip-ﬂop

VLOC Flip-ﬂop

CLR (clear)

Direct-to

11 12

13 14

Figure 1-1 Keys and Knobs

RNG (map range)

ENT (enter)

Small left knob

Large left knob Large right knob

CDI

GNS 430 Pilot’s Guide and Reference

15 16

OBS

MSG (message)

FPL (ﬂight plan)

PROC (procedures)

Small right knob

SECTION 1

INTRODUCTION

Left-hand Keys and Knobs

The COM Power/Volume Knob controls unit power and communications radio volume. Press momentarily to disable automatic squelch control.

The VLOC Volume Knob controls audio volume for the selected VOR/Localizer frequency. Press momentarily to enable/disable the ident tone.

The large left knob (COM/VLOC) is used to tune the megahertz (MHz) value of the standby frequency for the communications transceiver (COM) or the VLOC receiver, whichever is currently selected by the tuning cursor.

The small left knob (COM/VLOC) is used to tune the kilohertz (kHz) value of the standby frequency for the communications transceiver (COM) or the VLOC receiver, whichever is currently selected by the tuning cursor. Press this knob momentarily to toggle the cursor between the COM and VLOC frequency ﬁelds.

The COM Flip-ﬂop Key is used to swap the active and standby COM frequencies. Press and hold to select emergency channel (121.500 MHz).

The VLOC Flip-ﬂop Key is used to swap the active and standby VLOC frequencies (i.e., make the selected standby frequency active).

tuning

Right-hand Keys and Knobs

The RNG Key allows the pilot to select the desired map range. Use the up arrow to zoom out to a larger area, or the down arrow to zoom in to a smaller area.

The Direct-to Key provides access to the direct-to function, which allows the pilot to enter a destination waypoint and establishes a direct course to the selected destination (Section 4).

The MENU Key displays a context-sensitive list of options. This options list allows the pilot to access additional features or make settings changes which relate to the currently displayed page.

The CLR Key is used to erase information, remove map detail, or to cancel an entry. Press and hold the CLR key to immediately display the Default NAV Page.

The ENT Key is used to approve an operation or complete data entry. It is also used to conﬁrm information, such as during power on.

The large right knob is used to select between the various page groups: NAV, WPT, AUX, or NRST. With the on-screen cursor enabled, the large the pilot to move the cursor about the page. The large right knob is also used to move the target pointer right (turn clockwise) or left (counterclockwise) when the map panning function is active.

The small right knob is used to select between the various pages within one of the groups listed above. Press this knob momentarily to display the on-screen cursor. The cursor allows the pilot to enter data and/or make a selection from a list of options. When entering data, the small knob is used to select the desired letter or number and the large knob is used to move to the next character space. The small right knob is also used to move the target pointer up (turn clockwise) or down (counterclockwise) when the map panning function is active.

right knob allows

GNS 430 Pilot’s Guide and Reference

1-3

SECTION 1

INTRODUCTION

NOTE: When the GNS 430 is displaying a list

of information that is too long for the display screen, a scroll bar appears along the right-hand side of the display (Figure 1-2). The scroll bar graphically indicates the number of additional items available within the selected category. To scroll through the list, press the small right knob to activate the cursor, then turn the large right knob.

Scroll Bar

Figure 1-2 Scroll Bar

Bottom Row Keys

The CDI Key is used to toggle which navigation source (GPS or VLOC) provides output to an external HSI or CDI.

The OBS Key is used to select manual or automatic sequencing of waypoints. Pressing the OBS mode, which retains the current ‘active to’ waypoint as the navigation reference even after passing the waypoint (i.e., prevents sequencing to the next waypoint). Pressing the OBS Key again returns the unit to normal operation, with automatic sequencing of waypoints. When OBS mode is selected, the pilot may set the desired course to/from a waypoint using the

pop-up window

, or an external OBS selector on the HSI

or CDI.

The MSG Key is used to view system messages and to alert the pilot to important warnings and requirements. See Section 13.1 for more information on messages.

The FPL Key allows the pilot to create, edit, activate, and invert ﬂight plans, as well as access approaches, departures, and arrivals. A closest point to ﬂight plan feature is also available from the FPL Key. See Section 5 for more information on ﬂight plans.

The PROC Key allows the pilot to select and remove approaches, departures, and arrivals from the ﬂight plan. When using a ﬂight plan, available procedures for the departure and/or arrival airport are offered automatically. Otherwise, the pilot may select the desired airport, then the desired procedure.

OBS Key selects

‘Select OBS Course’

1-4

GNS 430 Pilot’s Guide and Reference

SECTION 1

INTRODUCTION

1.3 TAKEOFF TOUR

reading within this Pilot’s Guide includes:

Overview

The Garmin GNS 430 provides the pilot accurate navigational data and communication capability, along with non-precision and precision approach certiﬁcation in the IFR environment. The takeoff tour is designed to familiarize the pilot with the operation of the GNS 430 by :

• Powering up the unit

• Changing frequencies

• Entering data

• Performing a simple direct-to

• Selecting IFR procedures

• Using some limited ﬂight plans

In addition, this section brieﬂy covers the Default NAV Page, the Map Page, and the NAV/COM Page, which are available as part of the NAV Page Group. These pages are used for most of the in-ﬂight navigation.

The takeoff tour assumes that the unit and antennas have been properly installed and that the GNS 430’s default settings have not been changed. If any of the factory default settings (position format, units of measure, selectable ﬁelds, etc.) have been changed, the pictures shown here may not exactly match what is shown on the GNS 430. Prior to using the GNS 430 for the ﬁrst time, Garmin recommends that the aircraft be moved to a location that is well away from buildings and other aircraft so the unit can collect satellite data without interruption.

This takeoff tour is intended to provide a brief introduction of the GNS 430’s major features. Sections 2 through 13 of this manual describe these features, and others, in additional detail. Refer to these sections, as needed, to learn or review the details regarding a particular feature.

Service staff is available during normal business hours (U.S. Central time zone) at the phone and fax numbers listed on page ii. Garmin can also be reached by mail (page ii) or at our web site address, www.garmin.com.

Powering up the GNS 430

using the COM Power/Volume knob at the top left corner of the unit. Turning it clockwise turns unit power on and increases the COM radio volume. After turning the unit on, a welcome page (Figure 1-3) is displayed while the unit performs a self test, followed sequentially by the Land Data Page, then (if conﬁgured for TERRAIN) the Terrain Data Page, the Obstacle Data Page, and the Airport Terrain Data Page.

After becoming familiar with the basics, some suggested

• Flight plan features - Section 5

• Waypoint information pages (database information) - Section 7

• IFR procedures - Section 6

• Unit settings (conﬁguring the unit to the pilot’s preferences) - Section 10

If more information is needed, Garmin’s Customer

The GNS 430’s power and COM volume are controlled

Figure 1-3 Welcome Page

GNS 430 Pilot’s Guide and Reference

1-5

SECTION 1

INTRODUCTION

The Database Conﬁrmation Page (Figure 1-4) appears next, which shows the current database information on the NavData card (with the valid operating dates, cycle number, and database type indicated). The database is updated every 28 days, and must be current for approved instrument approach operations. Information on database subscriptions is available inside the GNS 430 package.

Figure 1-4 Database Conﬁrmation Page

To acknowledge the database information:

Press the

ENT Key.

Once the database has been acknowledged, the Instrument Panel Self-test Page appears (Figure 1-5).

Instrument Panel Self-test Page

To ensure that the GNS 430 and any connected instruments are working properly, check for the following indications on the CDI/HSI, RMI, external annunciators, and other connected instruments:

• Course deviation - Half left/no ﬂag

• TO/FROM ﬂag - TO

• Bearing to destination - 135°

• Distance to dest. - 10.0 nautical mile (nm)

• All external annunciators (if installed) - On

• Glideslope - Half up/no ﬂag

• Time to destination - 4 minutes

• Desired

• Ground speed - 150 knots

The Instrument Panel Self-test Page (Figure 1-5) indicates the currently selected OBS course, fuel capacity (CAP), fuel on board (FOB), and fuel ﬂow (FF). The fuel capacity, fuel on board, and fuel ﬂow may be manually entered if the installation does not include connection to sensors which automatically provide these ﬁgures.

track - 149.5°

1-6

Figure 1-5 Instrument Panel Self-Test Page

GNS 430 Pilot’s Guide and Reference

To enter fuel capacity, fuel on board or fuel ﬂow ﬁgures (if not provided by sensors):

1) Turn the large

right knob to select the ‘CAP’,

‘FOB’, or ‘FF’ ﬁeld.

SECTION 1

INTRODUCTION

2) Turn the small and large right knobs to enter

the desired ﬁgure (Figures 1-5 and 1-6) and press the ENT Key.

Figure 1-6 Fuel Flow Selected

The Instrument Panel Self-test Page includes selections to set fuel on board (FOB) to full capacity and access the Checklists Page. This allows the pilot to quickly set fuel to full limits and display any checklists that have been entered, such as start up or takeoff checklists.

To set fuel on board to full (if not provided by sensor):

1) Turn the large

right knob to highlight ‘Set Full

Fuel?’ (Figure 1-7).

To view the Checklists Page:

1) Turn the large

right knob to highlight ‘Go To

Chklist?’ (Figure 1-8) and press the ENT Key.

Figure 1-8 ‘Go To Chklist?’ Highlighted

2) Turn the large right knob to select the desired

checklist, then execute each step (Section

10.3, Utility Page: Checklists) in the selected checklist.

3) Once the pilot completes the desired checklist(s), press the small

right knob to return to the

Checklists Page. Press the small right knob again to return to normal operation on the Satellite Status Page or the Map Page.

Figure 1-7 ‘Set Full Fuel?’ Highlighted

2) Press the ENT Key and verify that fuel on board

(‘FOB’) now matches the fuel capacity (CAP) ﬁgure. Fuel on board is reduced, over time, based on the fuel ﬂow (FF) ﬁgure.

GNS 430 Pilot’s Guide and Reference

4) Once instrument operation has been veriﬁed with the Instrument Panel Self-test Page displayed, press the

NOTE: The GNS 430 can hold up to nine checklists

with up to 30 entries in each checklist.

ENT Key.

1-7

SECTION 1

INTRODUCTION

Satellite Status Page

The Satellite Status Page (Figure 1-9) appears as the

GNS 430 attempts to collect satellite information.

When an ‘Acquiring’ status is displayed on the Satellite Status Page, the signal strengths of any satellites received appear as ‘bar graph’ readings. This is a good indication that the unit is receiving signals and a position ﬁx is being determined. Following the ﬁrst-time use of the GNS 430, the time required for a position ﬁx varies, usually from one to two minutes.

Figure 1-9 Satellite Status Page

If the unit can only obtain enough satellites for 2D navigation (no altitude), the unit uses the altitude provided by the altitude encoder (if one is connected).

The ‘INTEG’ annunciator (bottom left corner of the screen) indicates that satellite coverage is insufﬁcient to pass built-in integrity monitoring tests. In the example above, not enough satellites are being received to determine a position. The Satellite Status Page shows the ID numbers for the satellites and the relative signal strength of each satellite received (as a ‘bar graph’ reading).

‘Searching Sky’ indicates that satellite almanac data is not available or has expired (if the unit hasn’t been used for six months or more). This means the unit is acquiring satellite data to establish almanac and satellite orbit information, which can take ﬁve to ten minutes. The data is recollected from the ﬁrst available satellite. The Satellite Status Page displays a ‘Search Sky’ status, and the message

annunciator (MSG), above the MSG Key also ﬂashes to alert the pilot of system message, ‘Searching the Sky’.

To view a system message:

Press the

MSG Key (Figure 1-10).

The Message Page appears and displays the status or warning information applicable to the receiver’s current operating condition.

Figure 1-10 Message Page

To return to the previous page after viewing a message:

Press the

NOTE: The GNS 430 utilizes certain software

algorithms to ensure reliable GPS receiver operation. Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring (RAIM) and Fault Detection and Exclusion (FDE) are two examples. These features allow navigation during Oceanic/Remote legs of a ﬂight using the GNS 430. For further details, please refer to Sections 10.3 and 12.

MSG Key again.

1-8

GNS 430 Pilot’s Guide and Reference

SECTION 1

INTRODUCTION

Selecting COM and VLOC Frequencies

While the GNS 430 is acquiring a position, take a minute to dial in the active and standby frequencies to be used for the ﬁrst phase of the ﬂight. The GNS 430’s display is divided into separate ‘windows’ (or screen areas), including a COM Window, VLOC Window, and the GPS Window (Figure 1-11).

COM Window;

Active Frequency

Standby Frequency

VLOC

Window

Figure 1-11 Standby Frequency 135.325 MHz

Pressing the small left knob activates the tuning cursor in the desired frequency window. To select the active frequency, ﬁrst enter the frequency in the standby ﬁeld, and use the COM Flip-ﬂop (or the NAV Flip-ﬂop) Key to move it to the active ﬁeld.

To change the standby communication frequency:

1) Press the small

left knob if needed, to move

the tuning cursor to the COM Window (Figure 1-11).

2) Turn the large

left knob to select the MHz,

and the small left knob to select the kHz of the desired frequency.

GPS Window

To place the standby communication frequency in the active ﬁeld:

Press the COM Flip-ﬂop Key

Figure 1-12 Active Frequency 135.325 MHz

(Figure 1-12).

Once the active frequency has been entered, repeat steps 1 and 2 to enter the standby frequency. After both communication frequencies have been entered, the COM Window may be kept ‘hot’ by leaving the cursor on the standby frequency. Move the cursor to the VLOC Window by pressing the small left knob.

NOTE: When selecting VLOC frequencies, the

tuning cursor automatically returns to the COM Window after 30 seconds of inactivity.

To change the standby VLOC frequency:

1) Press the small left knob if needed, to activate

the tuning cursor in the VLOC Window.

2) Turn the large

left knob to select the MHz,

and the small left knob to select the kHz of the desired frequency.

To place the standby frequency in the active ﬁeld:

Press the NAV Flip-ﬂop Key.

GNS 430 Pilot’s Guide and Reference

1-9

SECTION 1

INTRODUCTION

Page Groups

NAV Group WPT Group AUX Group NRST Group

see Section 3 see Section 7 see Section 10 see Section 8

Table 1-1 Page Groups

The bottom right corner of the screen (Figure 1-13) indicates which page group (Table 1-1) is currently being displayed, the number of pages available within that group (indicated by square icons), and the placement of the current page within that group (indicated by a highlighted square icon).

In addition to the NAV Page Group, additional page groups are available for waypoint information (WPT), auxiliary (AUX) functions such as ﬂight planning or unit settings, and listings for nearest (NRST) airports or other facilities.

NAV Pages

There are seven pages available under the NAV Page

Group*:

• Default NAV Page

• Map Page

• TERRAIN Page

• NAV/COM Page

• Position Page

• Satellite Status Page

• Vertical Navigation Page

The Default NAV Page, the Map Page, and the NAV/

COM Page are used for most of the in-ﬂight navigation.

NOTE: *Eight NAV pages are available when

the GNS 430 installation includes connection to trafﬁc and/or weather information sources. See the 400/500 Series Display Interfaces Pilot’s Guide Addendum, p/n 190-00140-10, or the 400/500 Series Garmin Optional Displays Pilot’s Guide Addendum, p/n 190-00140-13.

1-10

Position of

Current Page

within Current

Current Page Group

Figure 1-13 Current Page and Page Group

Number of Pages in

Current Page Group

Page Group

To select the desired page group:

Turn the large right knob until a page from the

desired page group is displayed (Figure 1-13).

To select the desired page within the page group:

Turn the small right knob until the desired page

is displayed (Figure 1-13).

GNS 430 Pilot’s Guide and Reference

To select the NAV Page Group and display the Default NAV Page:

Press and hold the

CLR Key.

To select the desired NAV Page:

Turn the small right knob until the desired

page is displayed.

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INTRODUCTION

Map Page

After the GNS 430 acquires satellites and computes a position, the Map Page (Figure 1-14) appears automatically.

Map Display

Desired Track

Map Range

Present Position

Figure 1-14 Map Page

The Map Page displays the present position (using an airplane symbol) relative to nearby airports, VORs, NDBs, intersections, user waypoints, and airspace boundaries. The route is displayed as a solid line.

Data ﬁelds for destination waypoint (WPT), distance to waypoint (DIS), desired track (DTK), and ground speed (GS) appear on the right-hand side of the display. These ﬁelds are user selectable (Section 3.4, Selecting Desired On-screen Data) to allow the pilot to conﬁgure the unit. Available settings include: altitude, bearing, enroute safe altitude, estimated time of arrival, minimum safe altitude, and ground track.

A Map Setup Page is provided to designate the maximum range at which each map feature appears. These settings provide an automatic decluttering of the map (based upon preferences) while adjusting the range. See Section 13.3 for deﬁnitions of these navigation terms.

While viewing the Map Page, the pilot can quickly declutter and remove many of the background map details by pressing the CLR Key (repeatedly) until the desired detail is depicted.

Data Fields

To change the map range, press the up arrow (to zoom

out) or the down arrow (to zoom in) of the

RNG (map range) Key. The current map range is depicted in the lower left corner of the Map Display.

Direct-to Navigation

The GNS 430 can use direct point-to-point navigation to provide guidance from takeoff to touchdown, even in the IFR environment. Once a destination is selected, the unit provides speed, course, and distance data based upon a direct course from the present position to the destination. A destination can be selected from any page with the Direct-to Key.

To select a direct-to destination:

1) Press the Direct-to Key. The Select Direct-to

Waypoint Page appears with the destination ﬁeld highlighted.

2) Turn the small letter of the destination waypoint identiﬁer. The destination waypoint may be an airport, VOR, NDB, intersection, or user waypoint, as long as it is in the database or stored in memory as a user waypoint.

3) Turn the large the cursor to the next character position.

4) Repeat steps 2 and 3 to spell out the rest of the waypoint identiﬁer (Figure 1-15).

Figure 1-15 Direct-to Waypoint Page

right knob to enter the ﬁrst

right knob to the right to move

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INTRODUCTION

5) Press the ENT Key to conﬁrm the identiﬁer. The

‘Activate?’ function ﬁeld is highlighted (Figure 1-16).

Figure 1-16 ‘Activate?’ Highlighted

6) Press the ENT Key to activate a direct-to course

to the selected destination.

Once a direct-to destination is selected, press and hold

the CLR Key to display the Default NAV Page.

Default NAV Page

During most ﬂights, the Default NAV Page, the Map Page, and the NAV/COM Page are the primary pages used for navigation.

To select the Default NAV Page:

Pres s and ho ld the C LR Key (Fi gure

1-17).

TO/FROM Flag

Course Deviation

Indicator (CDI)

The Default NAV Page (Figure 1-17) displays a graphic course deviation indicator (CDI), the active leg of the ﬂight plan (as deﬁned by the current ‘from’ and ‘to’ waypoints), and six user-selectable data ﬁelds. The default settings for these ﬁelds are distance to waypoint (DIS), desired track (DTK), bearing to waypoint (BRG), ground speed (GS), ground track (TRK), and estimated time enroute (ETE). See Section 13.3 for deﬁnitions of these navigation terms.

To change the data ﬁelds:

1) From the Default NAV page, press the MENU

Key and select ‘Change Fields?’ (Figure 1-18).

Figure 1-18 Default NAV Page Menu

2) Turn the large right knob to select the data

ﬁeld to be changed.

3) Turn the small

right knob to display a list of

data options (Figure 1-19).

1-12

Figure 1-19 ‘Select Field Type’ Window

Figure 1-17 Default NAV Page

4) Press the ENT Key to select the desired data

item and return to the Default NAV Page.

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INTRODUCTION

NAV/COM Page

From the Default NAV Page, turn the small right knob

until the NAV/COM Page (Figure 1-20) is displayed.

Departure, Enroute, or

Arrival Airport

Frequency Type

Figure 1-20 NAV/COM Page

The NAV/COM Page displays the available frequencies (communications and navigation) for the departure airport, any enroute airports which are included in the ﬂight plan, and the ﬁnal destination airport. When using the directto function, frequencies are listed for the airport nearest to the starting position and the destination airport.

Frequency List

A frequency listed on the NAV/COM Page can be quickly transferred to the standby ﬁeld of the COM Window or the VLOC Window. This time-saving process prevents having to ‘re-key’ a frequency already displayed elsewhere on the screen.

To select a communication or navigation frequency:

1) Press the small right knob to activate the

cursor in the GPS Window.

2) Turn the large

right knob to select the desired

frequency from the list.

3) Press the ENT Key to transfer the selected

frequency to the standby ﬁeld in the COM or VLOC Window. COM frequencies automatically go to the standby ﬁeld of the COM Window and navigation frequencies automatically go to the standby ﬁeld of the VLOC Window, regardless of which window is currently highlighted by the cursor.

4) To activate the selected frequency, press the

COM or VLOC Flip-ﬂop Key.

To display the frequency list for the desired ﬂight plan or direct-to airport:

1) Press the small right knob to activate the

cursor on the airport identiﬁer ﬁeld (in the GPS Window).

2) Turn the small

right knob to display the list

of airports (departure, arrival, and enroute) for the ﬂight plan or direct-to. Continue to turn the small right knob until the desired airport is selected.

3) Press the

ENT Key to display the frequency list

for the selected airport.

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INTRODUCTION

To display frequencies for a different airport along the ﬂight plan.

1) Press the small right knob to highlight the

airport identiﬁer ﬁeld.

2) Turn the small

right knob to display the list of

airports within the ﬂight plan (Figure 1-21).

Figure 1-21 Airport Window

3) Continue turning the small right knob to select the desired airport and press the ENT Key.

IFR Procedures

Once the direct-to or ﬂight plan is conﬁrmed, the whole range of instrument procedures is available. Departures (SIDs), arrivals (STARs), non-precision and precision approaches are stored within the NavData card and are available using the PROC (procedures) Key.

To display the Procedures Page (Figure 1-22), press the PROC Key.

Figure 1-22 Procedures Page

The steps required to select and activate an approach, departure, or arrival are identical. In this introductory section, there are examples of the steps required to select an approach, but keep in mind the same process also applies to departures and arrivals.

1-14

To select an approach, departure, or arrival:

1) Turn the large option (‘Select Approach?’, ‘Select Arrival?’, or ‘Select Departure?’) from the Procedures Page.

2) Press the ENT Key to display a list of available procedures for the arrival (when using approaches or STARs) or departure (when using SIDs) airport.

3) Turn the small right knob to select the desired procedure and press the ENT Key.

GNS 430 Pilot’s Guide and Reference

right knob to select the desired

SECTION 1

INTRODUCTION

4) For approaches, a window appears (Figure 1-23) to select the desired initial approach ﬁx (IAF) or provide a ‘vectors’ option to select just the ﬁnal course segment of the approach. Turn the small right knob to select the desired option and press the ENT Key. (The ‘vectors’ option extends the ﬁnal inbound course beyond the ﬁnal approach ﬁx, allowing the pilot to intercept the ﬁnal course segment beyond its normal limits.)

Figure 1-23 Approach Window

5) For departures and arrivals, a window appears to select the desired transition. Turn the small right knob to select the desired option and press the ENT Key.

In the ﬂight plan or direct-to, the departure or arrival airport is replaced with the sequence of waypoints contained within the selected procedure.

Nearest (NRST) Pages

The NRST Page Group provides detailed information on the nine nearest airports, VORs, NDBs, intersections, and user-created waypoints within 200 nm of the current position. In addition, pages are also provided to display the ﬁve nearest center (ARTCC/FIR) and Flight Service Station (FSS) points of communication, plus alert the pilot to any nearby special-use or controlled airspaces.

The Nearest Airport Page (Figure 1-24) is one of eight pages available in the NRST group:

• Nearest Airport Page

• Nearest NDB Page

• Nearest User Waypoints Page

• Nearest FSS Page

• Nearest Intersection Page

• Nearest VOR Page

• Nearest ARTCC Page

• Nearest Airspace Page

The communication frequencies and information may both be examined directly from the Nearest Airport Page. As discussed earlier for the NAV/ COM Page, the pilot may also place any displayed frequency into the standby COM or VLOC ﬁeld by highlighting the frequency with the cursor and pressing the ENT Key.

runway

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1-15

SECTION 1

INTRODUCTION

To display the NRST pages:

1) If necessary, press and hold the

CLR Key to

select the NAV group and display the Default NAV Page.

2) Turn the large

right knob to select the NRST

Page Group, as indicated by ‘NRST’ appearing in the lower right corner of the screen.

3) Turn the small right knob to select the desired

NRST Page.

To display a list of nearby airports:

1) Turn the large

right knob to select the NRST

Page Group and (if needed) the small right knob to select the Nearest Airport Page (Figure 1-24).

Figure 1-24 Nearest Airport Page

2) To scroll through the list, press the small right knob, then turn the large right knob (Figure 1-25)

To view additional information for a nearby airport:

1) Press the small right knob to activate the

cursor.

2) Turn the large

right knob to select the desired

airport from the list.

3) Press the

ENT Key to display waypoint (WPT)

information pages for the selected airport (Figure 1-26).

Figure 1-26 Airport Location Page

4) To display runway and frequency information,

press the small right knob to remove the cursor and turn the small right knob to display the desired information page.

The Nearest Airport Page may be used in conjunction with the Direct-to Key to quickly set a course to a nearby facility in an in-ﬂight emergency. Selecting a nearby airport as a direct-to destination overrides the ﬂight plan or cancels a previously selected direct-to destination. (The pilot still has the option of returning to the ﬂight plan by cancelling the direct-to; see Section 4.1, Cancelling Direct-to Navigation.)

1-16

Figure 1-25 Scrolling the Nearest Airport List

GNS 430 Pilot’s Guide and Reference

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INTRODUCTION

To select a nearby airport as a direct-to destination from the Nearest Airport Page:

1) From the Nearest Airport Page, press the small

right knob to activate the cursor.

2) Turn the large

right knob to select the desired

airport from the list.

3) Press the Direct-to Key, the ENT Key, and the ENT Key (again) to navigate to the nearby airport.

To select a nearby airport as a direct-to destination from the Airport Information Page:

1) Press the Direct-to Key, then press the

ENT

Key (Figure 1-27).

Nearest (NRST) Airspace Page

The last page in the NRST group, the Nearest Airspace Page (Figure 1-28), provides information for up to nine controlled or special-use airspaces near or in the ﬂight path. Airspace information appears on this page based upon the same criteria used for airspace alert messages. Nearby airspace information and airspace alert messages are provided according to the following conditions:

• If the projected course will take the aircraft inside an airspace within the next ten minutes, the message ‘Airspace ahead -- less than 10 minutes’ appears.

• If the aircraft is within two nautical miles of an airspace and the current course will take it inside of the airspace, the message ‘Airspace near and ahead’ appears.

• If the aircraft is within two nautical miles of an airspace and the current course will not take it inside of the airspace, the message ‘Near airspace less than 2nm’ appears.

Figure 1-27 ‘Activate?’ Highlighted

2) Press the ENT Key again to navigate to the

nearby airport.

GNS 430 Pilot’s Guide and Reference

• If the aircraft has entered an airspace, the message ‘Inside airspace’ appears.

Figure 1-28 Nearest Airspace Page

1-17

SECTION 1

INTRODUCTION

By default, airspace alert messages are turned off. When turned on, the message (MSG) annunciator located directly above the MSG Key ﬂashes to alert the pilot to the airspace message. See Section 10.4, Setup 1 Page: Airspace Alarms for information on enabling airspace alert messages.

To view an airspace alert message:

1) Press the MSG Key. The Messages Page

appears with the alert message (Figure 1-29).

Figure 1-29 Messages Page

2) Press the MSG Key again to return to the

previous display.

Flight Plans (FPL)

The GNS 430 lets the pilot create up to 20 ﬂight plans with up to 31 waypoints in each ﬂight plan. Flight plans are created, edited, and activated using the FPL Key. The FPL Page Group includes two pages: the Active Flight Plan Page and the Flight Plan Catalog Page (Figures 1-30 and 1-31). The Active Flight Plan Page provides information and editing features for the ﬂight plan currently in use (referred to as ‘ﬂight plan 00’). The Flight Plan Catalog Page serves as the main page for creating new ﬂight plans, as well as editing or activating previously created ﬂight plans.

Figure 1-30 Active Flight Plan Page

1-18

Note that the airspace alerts are based upon threedimensional data (latitude, longitude, and altitude) to avoid nuisance alerts. The alert boundaries for controlled airspace are also sectorized to provide complete information on any nearby airspace. Additional information about a nearby airspace—such as controlling agency, frequency, and ﬂoor/ceiling limits—is available from the Nearest Airspace Page (Section 8.9).

To view additional airspace information:

1) Press the small right knob to activate the

cursor.

2) Turn the large

right knob to select the desired

airspace from the list.

3) Press the ENT Key to view the airspace

information.

GNS 430 Pilot’s Guide and Reference

Figure 1-31 Flight Plan Catalog Page

SECTION 1

INTRODUCTION

Since using ﬂight plans is arguably one of the more complex features of the GNS 430, it will be discussed only brieﬂy here, with focus on creating a new ﬂight plan and activating it to use for navigation. Answers to additional questions about ﬂight plans not found in this brief introduction can be found in Section 5, Flight Plans.

To create a new ﬂight plan:

1) Press the

2) Turn the small

FPL Key.

right knob to select the Flight

Plan Catalog Page.

3) Press the

MENU Key to display the Flight Plan

Catalog Page Menu (Figure 1-32).

Figure 1-32 Flight Plan Catalog Page Menu

4) Turn the large right knob to select ‘Create New Flight Plan?’ and press the ENT Key.

7) Repeat steps 5 and 6, above, until all waypoints for the ﬂight plan have been entered (Figure 1-33).

Figure 1-33 Enter Flight Plan Waypoints

Once the ﬂight plan is created, it may be activated from the Flight Plan Catalog Page Menu. Activating the ﬂight plan places it into ‘ﬂight plan 00’ (a copy of it still resides in the original catalog location) and replaces any ﬂight plan which currently exists in ‘ﬂight plan 00’.

To activate the new ﬂight plan:

1) Press the

MENU Key to display the Flight Plan

Catalog Page Menu.

2) Turn the small

right knob to select ‘Activate

Flight Plan?’ (Figure 1-34) and press the ENT Key

5) The cursor appears on the ﬁrst waypoint identiﬁer ﬁeld (located directly below ‘WAYPOINT’). Use the large and small

right knobs to enter the

identiﬁer of the ﬁrst waypoint in the ﬂight plan. (The small knob is used to select the desired letter or number and the large knob is used to move to the next character space.)

6) Press the ENT Key once the identiﬁer has been selected. The cursor moves to the next blank waypoint identiﬁer ﬁeld.

GNS 430 Pilot’s Guide and Reference

Figure 1-34 Flight Plan Catalog Page Menu

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INTRODUCTION

Blank Page

1-20

GNS 430 Pilot’s Guide and Reference

SECTION 2

COM

SECTION 2: COM

2.1 COMMUNICATING USING THE GNS 430

The GNS 430 features a digitally-tuned VHF COM radio that provides a seamless transition from communication to navigation, bringing the two most important functions in ﬂying together in one panel-mounted unit. The GNS 430’s COM radio operates in the aviation voice band, from

118.000 to 136.975 MHz, in 25 kHz steps (default). For European operations, a COM radio conﬁguration to allow for 8.33 kHz steps is also provided (Section 10.5, Setup 2 Page: COM Conﬁguration).

Volume

COM radio volume is adjusted using the COM Power/ Volume Knob. Turn the COM Power/Volume Knob

clockwise to increase volume, or counterclockwise to decrease volume.

Squelch

The COM radio features an automatic squelch, providing maximum sensitivity to weaker signals while rejecting many localized noise sources. The pilot may wish to override this automatic squelch function when listening to a distant station or when setting the desired volume level. The COM Power/Volume Knob allows the pilot to disable the automatic squelch and keep the COM audio open continuously. To override the automatic squelch, press the COM Power/Volume Knob momentarily. Press the COM Power/Volume Knob again to return to automatic squelch operation.

COM Window and Tuning

Communication frequencies are selected with the tuning cursor in the standby COM frequency ﬁeld (Figure 2-1), using the small and large left knobs to dial in the desired frequency. The standby frequency always appears below the active frequency. The active frequency is the frequency currently in use for transmit and receive operations.

‘RX’ Receive Indication

Standby COM

Frequency Field

Figure 2-1 ‘RX’ Receive Indication

A frequency may also be quickly selected from the database by simply highlighting the desired frequency on any of the main pages and pressing the ENT Key. This process is referred to as auto-tuning. Once a frequency is selected in the standby ﬁeld, it may be transferred to the active frequency by pressing the COM Flip-ﬂop Key.

GNS 430 Pilot’s Guide and Reference

2-1

SECTION 2

COM

While receiving a station, an ‘RX’ indication (Figure 2-1) appears in the upper right corner of the COM Window to the immediate right of ‘COM’. A ‘TX’ indication appears at this location when transmitting (Figure 2-2).

‘TX’ Transmit Indication

Figure 2-2 ‘TX’ Transmit Indication

NOTE: The tuning cursor normally appears in the

COM Window, unless placed in the VLOC Window by pressing the small left knob. When the tuning cursor is in the VLOC Window, it automatically returns to the COM Window after 30 seconds of inactivity.

To select a COM frequency:

1) If the tuning cursor is not currently in the

COM

Window, press the small left knob momentarily (Figure 2-3).

2) Turn the large left knob to select the desired

megahertz (MHz) value. For example, the ‘135’ portion of the frequency ‘135.325’.

3) Turn the small

left knob to select the desired

kilohertz (kHz) value. For example, the ‘.325’ portion of the frequency ‘135.325’.

NOTE: The active frequency in either window

cannot be accessed directly, only the standby frequency is highlighted by the tuning cursor.

4) To make the standby frequency the active

frequency, press the COM Flip-flop Key (Figure 2-4).

Figure 2-4 Active Frequency of 135.325

The tuning cursor is normally in the COM Window. To select a VOR/Localizer/ILS frequency, press the small left knob momentarily to place the cursor in the VLOC Window. Additional instructions for VOR/localizer/ILS operations are available in Sections 6 and 9.

2-2

Figure 2-3 Standby Frequency of 135.325

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SECTION 2

COM

Auto-Tuning

The GNS 430’s auto-tune feature allows the pilot to quickly select any database frequency in the GPS Window as the standby frequency. Any COM frequency displayed in the GPS Window can be transferred to the standby COM frequency ﬁeld, with a minimum of keystrokes required. The following are some examples of selecting COM frequencies from some of the main GPS pages.

To select a COM frequency for a nearby airport:

1) Turn the large Page Group.

2) Turn the small right knob to display the Nearest Airport Page (Figure 2-5)

right knob to select the NRST

To display the entire list of frequencies for a nearby airport and select from that list:

1) Start with the desired airport highlighted on the Nearest Airport Page (as described in the preceding step 3), then press the ENT Key.

2) Press the small right knob momentarily to remove the cursor and turn the small

right

knob to display the frequency list (Figure 2-6).

Figure 2-6 Airport Frequencies Page

3) Press the small right knob momentarily to reactivate the cursor and turn the large right knob to highlight the desired frequency.

Figure 2-5 Nearest Airport Page

3) Press the small right knob momentarily to

place the cursor on the airport identiﬁer ﬁeld of the ﬁrst airport in the list. To select another airport, turn the large right knob to highlight the desired airport.

4) The Nearest Airport Page displays the common trafﬁc advisory frequency (CTAF) for each listed airport. To select this frequency, turn the large right knob to highlight the desired airport’s CTAF frequency and press the ENT Key to place the frequency in the standby ﬁeld of the COM Window.

GNS 430 Pilot’s Guide and Reference

4) Press the ENT Key to place the highlighted

frequency in the standby COM ﬁeld.

2-3

SECTION 2

COM

To select a COM frequency for a nearby ﬂight service station (FSS) or center (ARTCC):

1) Turn the large

right knob to select the NRST

Page Group.

2) Turn the small right knob to select the Nearest Center or Nearest Flight Service Page (Figure 2-7).

Figure 2-7 Nearest ARTCC Page

3) Press the small right knob momentarily to place the cursor on the page.

4) Turn the large right knob to highlight the FSS/ARTCC frequency.

To select a COM frequency for any airport in the ﬂight plan:

1) Select the NAV/COM Page from the NAV Page

Group. (Section 3.1, or press and hold the CLR Key, then turn the small right knob until the NAV/COM Page appears.)

2) Press the small

right knob to place the cursor

on the airport identiﬁer ﬁeld. To the left of this ﬁeld appears Departure, Enroute, or Arrival, depending on the placement of the displayed airport within the ﬂight plan.

3) Turn the small right knob to display a window

(Figure 2-8) listing the airports in the ﬂight plan. Continue turning the small

right knob

to select the desired airport.

2-4

5) Press the

ENT Key to place the frequency in

the standby ﬁeld of the COM Window.

Figure 2-8 NAV/COM Page ‘Airport’ Window

4) Press the ENT Key to return to the NAV/COM

Page with the frequencies for the selected airport.

5) Turn the large right knob to highlight the

desired frequency.

6) Press the ENT Key to place the highlighted

frequency in the standby COM Window ﬁeld.

GNS 430 Pilot’s Guide and Reference

SECTION 2

COM

To select a COM frequency for any airport in the database:

1) Turn the large

right knob to select the NRST

Page Group.

2) Turn the small

right knob to select the Airport

Frequencies Page (Figure 2-9).

Figure 2-9 Airport Frequencies Page

3) Press the small right knob to place the cursor on the airport identiﬁer ﬁeld.

4) Use the small and large

right knobs to enter

the identiﬁer of the desired airport. Press the ENT Key when ﬁnished.

Emergency Channel

The GNS 430’s emergency channel select provides a quick method of selecting 121.500 MHz as the active frequency in the event of an in-ﬂight emergency. Emergency channel select is available anytime the unit is on, regardless of GPS or cursor status, or loss of the display.

To quickly tune and activate 121.500:

Press and hold the COM Flip-ﬂop Key for

approximately two seconds (Figure 2-10).

Figure 2-10 Emergency Channel Active

5) Turn the large right knob to highlight the

desired frequency.

6) Press the ENT Key to place the highlighted

frequency in the standby COM Window ﬁeld.

GNS 430 Pilot’s Guide and Reference

2-5

SECTION 2

COM

Stuck Microphone

As mentioned previously in this section, when the GNS 430 is transmitting, a ‘TX’ indication appears in the COM Window. If the microphone key is stuck or accidentally left in the on position; or the microphone continues to transmit after the key is released, the COM transmitter automatically times out (ceases transmitting) after 35 seconds of continuous broadcasting. A ‘COM push-totalk key stuck’ message (Figure 2-11) is displayed as long as the condition continues.

2-6

Figure 2-11 Message Page

GNS 430 Pilot’s Guide and Reference

SECTION 3

Default NAV

Map

TERRAIN

NAVCOM

Position

Satellite Status

VNAV

(if configured)

NAV PAGES

SECTION 3: NAV PAGES

3.1 MAIN PAGE GROUPS

The GNS 430’s main pages are divided into four separate page groups: NAV, WPT, AUX, and NRST (Table 3-1). Each page group is comprised of multiple pages. The page groups are selected using the large right knob. The individual pages are selected using the small right knob.

Page Groups

NAV Group WPT Group AUX Group NRST Group

7 NAV Pages

The bottom right corner of the screen (Figure 3-1) indicates which page group is currently being displayed (e.g., NAV, WPT, AUX, or NRST), the number of screens available within that group (indicated by the square icons), and the placement of the current screen within that group (indicated by a highlighted square icon).

see Section 7 see Section 10 see Section 8

Table 3-1 Page Groups

To select the desired page group (from any page):

Press and hold the CLR Key to select the

Default NAV Page. Turn the large

right knob

to select the desired page group (Table 3-1 and Figure 3-1).

To select the desired page within the group:

Turn the small right knob to select the desired

page (Figures 3-1 and 3-2).

3.2 NAV PAGE GROUP

The NAV Page Group includes seven pages (Figure 3-2). While viewing any NAV page, turn the small right knob to select a different NAV page. The pilot may ﬁnd this selection process convenient to cycle between the Default NAV Page and the Map Page, which are two of the most frequently used pages. Other pages are provided for terrain information (if conﬁgured for TERRAIN), to list frequencies for the ﬂight plan, show the current position, display current satellite reception, and make vertical navigation settings.

Current Page Group

Figure 3-1 Current Page and Page Group

Number of Pages in

Current Page Group

GNS 430 Pilot’s Guide and Reference

Position of

Current Page

within Current

Page Group

Figure 3-2 NAV Pages

3-1

SECTION 3

NAV PAGES

3.3 DEFAULT NAV PAGE

The ﬁrst NAV page is the Default NAV Page (Figure 3-3). This page may be quickly selected from any page by pressing and holding the CLR Key.

Active Leg of Flight Plan

Course Deviation Indicator (CDI)

TO/FROM Flag

Position of

Current Page

within Current

Page Group

User-selectable

Data Fields

Current Page Group

Figure 3-3 Default NAV Page

The Default NAV Page displays a graphic course deviation indicator (CDI) across the top of the page. Unlike the angular limits used on a mechanical CDI coupled to a VOR or ILS receiver, full scale limits for this CDI are deﬁned by a GPS-derived distance (0.3, 1.0 or 5.0 nm), as indicated at both ends of the CDI. By default, the CDI scale automatically adjusts to the desired limits based upon the current phase of ﬂight: enroute, terminal area or approach. The pilot may also manually select the desired scale setting as outlined in Section 10.4. The graphic CDI shows the current position at the center of the indicator, relative to the desired course (the moving course deviation needle). As with a traditional mechanical CDI, when off course simply steer toward the needle. The TO/FROM arrow in the center of the scale indicates whether the aircraft is heading TO (up arrow) or FROM the waypoint (down arrow).

Number of Pages in

Current Page Group

NOTE: The GNS 430 always navigates TO

a waypoint unless the OBS switch is set (preventing automatic waypoint sequencing), or if the aircraft has passed the last waypoint in the ﬂight plan.

Directly below the CDI appears the active leg of the ﬂight plan, or the direct-to destination when using the Direct-to Key. This automatically sequences to the next leg of the ﬂight plan as each interim waypoint is reached. If no ﬂight plan or direct-to destination has been selected, the destination ﬁeld remains blank.

The following symbols are used on the Default NAV Page (directly below the CDI), to depict the ‘active leg’ of a ﬂight plan or direct to:

Direct-to a Waypoint

Course to a Waypoint, or Desired

Course between Two Waypoints

Procedure Turn

Vectors-to-Final

DME Arc to the Left

DME Arc to the Right

Left-hand Holding Pattern

Right-hand Holding Pattern

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NAV PAGES

Selecting Desired On-Screen Data

At the bottom of the Default NAV Page there are six user-deﬁnable ﬁelds which display the data needed as the ﬂight progresses (Figure 3-3). By default these ﬁelds display: distance to destination (DIS), desired track (DTK), bearing to destination (BRG), ground speed (GS), ground track (TRK), and estimated time enroute (ETE). However, each of these ﬁelds can be customized to display a different data item. Available data items include:

• Bearing to destination (BRG)

• Course to steer (CTS)

• Cross track error (XTK)

• Desired

• Distance to destination (

• Enroute safe altitude (ESA)

• Estimated time of arrival (ETA)

• Estimate time enroute (

• Fuel ﬂow (FLOW) (when conﬁgured)

track (DTK)

DIS)

ETE)

To select a different data item for any data ﬁeld:

1) Starting with the Default NAV Page, press the

MENU Key to display the Default NAV Page Menu (Figure 3-4).

Figure 3-4 Default NAV Page Menu

2) The ‘Change Fields?’ option is already

highlighted, so press the ENT Key to select this option.

3) Use the large

right knob to highlight the data

ﬁeld to be changed (Figure 3-5).

• Ground speed (GS)

• Ground

• Minimum safe altitude (

track (TRK)

MSA)

• Track angle error (TKE)

• Vertical speed required (

VSR)

If no ﬂight plan or direct-to destination has been selected, only speed, track, altitude, and minimum safe altitude data may be displayed. All other data types appear as blank lines on the Default NAV Page until a destination is selected.

GNS 430 Pilot’s Guide and Reference

Figure 3-5 ‘DIS’ Field Highlighted

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NAV PAGES

4) Turn the small right knob to display the list of available data items (Figure 3-6). Continue turning the small right knob to select the desired data item from the list.

Figure 3-6 Select Field Type Window

5) Press the ENT Key to select the desired data item and return to the Default NAV Page.

6) Press the small right knob momentarily to remove the cursor from the page.

Restoring Factory Settings

All data ﬁelds settings can be quickly returned to

original factory settings.

To restore all six data ﬁelds to factory default settings:

1) From the Default NAV Page, press the Key to display the Default NAV Page Menu.

2) Turn the large right knob to highlight the ‘Restore Defaults?’ option (Figure 3-7) and press the ENT Key.

Figure 3-7 Default NAV Page Menu

3-4

Dual Unit Considerations

A ‘Crossﬁll?’ option is also provided for the Default NAV Page. This option transfers a direct-to destination or ﬂight plan to a second Garmin 400 Series unit. See Section 10.2, Flight Planning: Crossﬁll for additional details on using the crossﬁll option.

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NAV PAGES

3.4 MAP PAGE

The second NAV page is the Map Page (Figure 3-8), which displays the present position using an airplane symbol, along with nearby airports, NAVAIDS, userdeﬁned waypoints, airspace boundaries, lakes, rivers, highways, and cities.

Present Position

Map Display

Map Range

Current Page Group

Figure 3-8 Map Page

Data Fields

Position of

Current Page

within Current

Page Group

Number of Pages in

Current Page Group

The following symbols are used to depict the various

airports and NAVAIDS on the

Map Page:

Airport with hard surface runway(s);

(primary runway shown)

Airport with soft surface runway(s) only

Private Airﬁeld

VOR

VOR/DME

DME

Localizer

Intersection

VORTAC

TACAN

NOTE: If the GNS 430 is unable to determine

a GPS position, the present position (airplane) symbol does not appear on the Map Page.

Different symbols are used to distinguish between waypoint types. The identiﬁers for any on-screen waypoints can also be displayed. (The identiﬁers are enabled by default.) Special-use and controlled airspace boundaries appear on the map, showing the individual sectors for Class B, Class C, and Class D airspaces.

GNS 430 Pilot’s Guide and Reference

NDB

Locator Outer Marker

The Map Display can be set to 23 different range settings from 500 feet to 2000 nautical miles (statute and metric units are also available). The range is indicated in the lower left-hand corner of the Map Display (Figure 3-8), and represents the top-to-bottom distance covered by the Map Display.

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To select a map range:

1) Press the up arrow of the

RNG Key to zoom

out to a larger map area.

2) Press the down arrow of the RNG Key to zoom

in to a smaller map area and more detail.

An autozoom feature is available which automatically adjusts from an enroute range of 2000 nm through each lower range, stopping at a range of 1.0 nm when approaching the destination waypoint. The autozoom feature is turned on/off from the Map Setup Page (described in Section 3.4).

The Map Page also displays a background map (or ‘basemap’) showing lakes, rivers, coastlines, highways, railways, and towns. When a map range is selected below the lower limit at which the map detail was originally created, an ‘overzoom’ indication appears on the Map Display, below the range reading (Figure 3-9). The basemap has limited accuracy, and should not be used for navigation, but only for non-navigational situational awareness. Any basemap indication should be compared against other navigational sources for accuracy. Continuing to zoom in to lower range settings will cause ‘overzoom’ to be replaced with ‘no map’ and the geographic detail will be removed from the Map Display (airport and NAVAID remain).

The ‘Setup Map?’ option (described in Section 3.4) allows the pilot to deﬁne the maximum range at which each map feature appears. This provides the pilot with complete control to minimize screen clutter. The pilot can also quickly remove items from the map using the CLR Key.

To quickly declutter the Map Display:

Press the

CLR Key momentarily (as often as

needed) to select the desired amount of map detail.

The CLR Key allows the pilot to quickly declutter the Map Display, providing four levels of map detail. Note the ‘-2’ (‘-1’ and ‘-’ are also provided) sufﬁx designation in Figure 3-10, indicating each successive declutter level.

Map Detail Level

Figure 3-10 Detail Level on Map Page

3-6

Figure 3-9 Overzoom on Map Page

GNS 430 Pilot’s Guide and Reference

The right-hand side of the Map Page includes four user-selectable data ﬁelds (Figure 3-8). By default, the displayed data is: destination waypoint name (WPT), desired track (DTK), distance to destination waypoint (DIS), and ground speed (GS). Any of these data ﬁelds may be changed to display a different data type, as outlined in Section 3.4. The four data ﬁelds can also be removed from the map to show a larger map image, as described in Section 3.4.

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Map Panning

Another Map Page function is panning, which allows the map to move beyond its current limits without adjusting the map range. When the panning function is selected (by pressing the small right knob), a target pointer ﬂashes on the Map Display (Figure 3-11). A window also appears at the top of the Map Display showing the latitude/longitude position of the pointer, plus the bearing and distance to the pointer from the present position.

Pointer Position

Window

Figure 3-11 Panning on Map Page

Target Pointer

When the target pointer is placed on an object, the name of that object is highlighted (even if the name wasn’t originally displayed on the map). This feature applies to airports, NAVAIDS, user-created waypoints, roads, lakes, rivers, almost everything displayed on the map except route lines.

When an airport, NAVAID, or user waypoint is selected on the Map Display, information about the waypoint can be reviewed or the waypoint can be designated as the direct-to destination.

To review information for an on-screen airport, NAVAID or user waypoint:

1) Use the panning function (as described in the preceding procedure) to place the

target

pointer on a waypoint (Figure 3-11).

2) Press the ENT Key to display the Waypoint Information Page(s) for the selected waypoint (Figure 3-12).

To select the panning function and pan the Map Display:

1) Press the small right knob to activate the

panning target pointer.

2) Turn the small

right knob to move up (turn

clockwise) or down (counterclockwise).

3) Turn the large

right knob to move right (turn

clockwise) or left (counterclockwise).

4) To cancel the panning function and return to

the present position, press the small right knob.

GNS 430 Pilot’s Guide and Reference

Figure 3-12 Information for On-Screen Waypoint

3) Press the CLR Key to exit the information page(s).

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NAV PAGES

Map Direct-to

To designate an on-screen airport, NAVAID, or user waypoint as the direct-to destination:

1) Use the panning function (‘Map Panning’ in this section) to place the waypoint.

2) Press the Direct-to Key to display the select Direct-to Waypoint Page, with the selected waypoint already listed (Figure 3-13).

Figure 3-13 +MAP Waypoint

target pointer on a

Airspace Information on the Map

When a special-use or controlled airspace boundary appears on the Map Display, the pilot can quickly retrieve information (such as ﬂoor/ceiling limits and controlling agency) directly from the map.

To view airspace information for an onscreen special-use or controlled airspace:

1) Use the panning function (‘Map Panning’ in this section) to place the target pointer on an open area within the boundaries of an airspace. If the area is congested and it is difﬁcult to select an open area, it may be necessary to zoom in or press the easier (Figure 3-14).

CLR Key to make the selection

3-8

3) Press the ENT Key twice to conﬁrm the selection

and begin navigating to the waypoint.

Figure 3-14 Select Airspace with Target Pointer

The direct-to function can be used anywhere on the map. If nothing currently exists at the target pointer location, a new waypoint called ‘+MAP’ (Figure 3-13) is created at the target pointer location before the direct-to is initiated.

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2) Press the ENT Key to display an options menu

(Figure 3-15).

Figure 3-15 Map Panning Options Window

3) ‘R ev ie w Airsp ac e? ’ should already be highlighted, if not select it with the small right knob. Press the ENT Key to display the Airspace Information Page for the selected airspace.

4) To display the COM frequency(ies) for the controlling agency, turn the large right knob to highlight ‘Frequencies?’ and press the ENT Key. Press the

CLR Key to return to the Airspace

Information Page.

Map Setup

Many of the GNS 430’s functions are menu driven. Each of the main pages has an options menu, allowing customization of the corresponding page to the pilot’s preferences and/or selection of special features which speciﬁcally relate to that page. A Map Page Menu (Figure 3-16) provides additional settings to customize the Map Page and additional features related speciﬁcally to the Map Page.

To display the Map Page Menu:

Press the MENU Key with the Map Page

displayed (Figure 3-16).

Figure 3-16 Map Page Menu

5) Press the CLR Key to exit the Airspace

Information Page.

GNS 430 Pilot’s Guide and Reference

The following options are available: ‘Setup Map?’, ‘Measure Dist?’, ‘Data Fields Off?’, ‘Change Fields?’, and ‘Restore Defaults?’.

‘Setup Map?’ allows conﬁguration of the Map Display to individual preferences, including map orientation, land data enable/disable, Jeppesen data enable/disable, automatic zoom, airspace boundaries, and text size.

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The following settings are available for each group:

Map Orientation, AutoZoom, Land Data,

Aviation Data

Weather

Lightning Mode/Symbol (when applicable)

Trafﬁc Trafﬁc Mode/Symbol/Label

(when applicable)

Airport Large/Medium/Small Airports and

Text

NAVAID VORs, NDBs, Intersections, and Text

Waypoint User Waypoints, Waypoint Text,

Flight Plan Wpts

Line Active Flight Plan, Lat/Long

Control Controlled Airspace: Class B, C, D

(tower zone)

Airspace Special-Use Airspace: Restricted,

MOA, Other

City Large/Medium/Small Cities and Text

Road Freeway, National Highway, Local

Hwy, Local Road

Other States/Prov, Rivers/Lakes, Railroads,

Wind Vector

NOTE: Large, medium, and small classiﬁcations

are used on the GNS 430 for airports and cities. Large airports are those with a runway longer than 8100 feet. Medium airports include those with a runway longer than 5000 feet or with a control tower. Large cities are those with approximate populations greater than 200,000 and medium cities with greater than 50,000.

To change map orientation:

1) From the Map Page Menu, turn the large right

knob to highlight ‘Setup Map?’ (Figure 3-16) and press the ENT Key.

2) Turn the small right knob to select ‘Map’ (Figure 3-17) and press the ENT Key.

Figure 3-17 Map Setup Window

3) Turn the large right knob to highlight the ‘Orientation’ ﬁeld.

4) Turn the small right knob to select the desired option.

a) Select ‘DTK up’ to ﬁx the top of the Map Display

to the desired course.

b) Select ‘North up’ to ﬁx the top of the Map

Display to a north heading.

c) Select ‘Track up’ (Figure 3-18) to adjust the

top of the Map Display to the current track heading.

3-10

Figure 3-18 Orientation Window

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d) Press the ENT Key to accept the selected option

(Figure 3-19).

Figure 3-19 Map Setup Page

To enable/disable automatic zoom:

1) From the Map Page Menu, turn the large right

knob to highlight ‘Setup Map?’ and press the ENT Key.

2) Turn the small

right knob to select ‘Map’ and

press the ENT Key.

3) Turn the large right knob to highlight the ‘Auto

Zoom’ ﬁeld.

4) Turn the small right knob to select ‘On’ or

‘Off’.

5) Press the ENT Key to accept the selected option.

The automatic zoom feature automatically adjusts the map range from 2000 nm through each lower range, stopping at 1.0 nm when approaching the destination waypoint.

3) Turn the large right knob to highlight the appropriate ﬁeld.

4) Turn the small right knob to select ‘On’ or ‘Off’.

5) Press the ENT Key to accept the selected option.

For airports, NAVAIDs, active ﬂight plan waypoints, user-created waypoints, state/ provincial boundaries, rivers/lakes, and cities:

1) From the Map Page Menu, turn the large right knob to highlight ‘Setup Map?’ and press the ENT Key.

2) Turn the small right knob to select the appropriate ‘Group’ name (per the chart on the preceding page) and press the ENT Key.

3) Turn the large right knob to highlight the zoom ﬁeld for the desired feature.

4) Turn the small right knob to select the maximum range at which the feature should appear on screen (or select ‘Off’ to never display the selected feature).

5) Press the ENT Key to accept the selected option.

6) Turn the large

right knob to highlight the text

ﬁeld for the desired feature.

To enable/disable the wind vector, all background land data, or all Jeppesen aviation data:

1) From the Map Page Menu, turn the large right

knob to highlight ‘Setup Map?’ and press the ENT Key.

2) Turn the small

right knob to select ‘Map’ and

press the ENT Key.

GNS 430 Pilot’s Guide and Reference

7) Turn the small right knob to select the desired text size, or select ‘None’ to disable text descriptions.

8) Press the ENT Key to accept the selected option.

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For airspace boundaries, highways, roads, railroad lines, track log data, active ﬂight plan course lines, and lat/long grid lines:

1) From the Map Page Menu, turn the large right

knob to highlight ‘Setup Map?’ and press the ENT Key.

2) Turn the small right knob to select the

appropriate ‘Group’ name (per the chart on the preceding page) and press the ENT Key.

3) Turn the large right knob to highlight the zoom

ﬁeld for the desired feature.

4) Turn the small right knob to select the

maximum range at which the feature should appear on screen (or select ‘Off’ to never display the selected feature).

5) Press the ENT Key to accept the selected

option.

Distance Measurements

The ‘Measure Dist?’ option provides a quick, easy method for determining the bearing and distance between any two points on the Map Display.

To measure bearing and distance between two points:

1) From the Map Page Menu, turn the large right

knob to highlight ‘Measure Dist?’ (Figure 3-20).

3) Turn the small and large

right knobs to place

the reference pointer at the desired location to measure FROM and press the ENT Key (Figure 3-21).

Figure 3-21 Using Pointer to Measure Distance and Bearing

4) Again, use the small and large right knobs

to place the reference pointer at the desired location to measure TO. The bearing and distance from the first reference location appears at the top of the Map Display.

5) To exit the ‘Measure Dist?’ option, press the

small right knob.

Selecting Full Screen Map

The ‘Data Fields Off?’ option provides a full-screen Map Display (Figure 3-22), without the four data ﬁelds along the right-hand side of the screen. Select this option to display a larger map area. If this option has been selected and the data ﬁelds are off, ‘Data Fields On?’ appears as an option instead.

3-12

Figure 3-20 Map Page Menu

2) Press the ENT Key, an on-screen reference

pointer appears on the Map Display at the present position.

GNS 430 Pilot’s Guide and Reference

Figure 3-22 Full Screen Map

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NAV PAGES

To turn the data ﬁelds off/on:

From the Map Page Menu,Turn the large right

knob to highlight ‘Data Fields Off?’ (or ‘Data Fields On?’) and press the ENT Key.

Selecting Desired On-Screen Data

‘Change Fields?’ allows selection of the data displayed on the four user-selectable data ﬁelds along the righthand side of the Map Page. There are fourteen available data types, including bearing to destination, distance to destination, estimated time of arrival, ground speed, minimum safe altitude, and track. See Section 13.3 for descriptions of these (and other) navigation terms.

To change a data ﬁeld:

1) From the Map Page Menu, turn the large right

knob to highlight ‘Change Fields?’ (Figure 3-23) and press the ENT Key.

3) Turn the small right knob to select the type of

data (Figure 3-24) desired to appear on this ﬁeld and press the ENT Key.

Figure 3-24 Select Data Field Window

4) Press the small right knob to remove the

cursor.

NOTE: The on-screen trafﬁc information occupies

two data ﬁelds, leaving room to display only two additional data types. Trafﬁc information is only available when the GNS 430 installation includes connection to trafﬁc information sources. See 400 Series Pilot’s Guide Addendum, part number 190-00140-13.

Figure 3-23 Map Page Menu

2) Turn the large right knob to highlight the data

ﬁeld to be changed.

GNS 430 Pilot’s Guide and Reference

Restoring Factory Settings

‘Restore Defaults?’ resets all four user-selectable data

ﬁelds to their original factory default settings.

To restore the factory default settings:

From the Map Page Menu, turn the large right

knob to highlight ‘Restore Defaults?’ (Figure 3-25) and press the ENT Key.

Figure 3-25 Map Page Menu

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3.5 TERRAIN PAGE

TERRAIN Page

The TERRAIN Page is the third page in the NAV Page Group. To display the TERRAIN Page, select the NAV Page Group and turn the small right knob until the TERRAIN Page is displayed (Figure 3-26). The TERRAIN Page displays terrain information, aircraft ground track, and GPS-derived MSL altitude. Altitude is shown in increments of 20 feet or in increments of 10 meters, depending on unit conﬁguration. The ‘G’ to right of the MSL altitude display reminds the pilot that altitude is GPS-derived.

NOTE: The TERRAIN Page does not appear on

GNS 430 units that are not properly equipped with or conﬁgured for TERRAIN. See Section 11 for a full description of TERRAIN functions.

GPS-derived

MSL Altitude

Terrain Information

Selectable Display Settings

The TERRAIN Page has two selectable view settings:

• 360˚ View - View from above aircraft depicting surrounding terrain on all sides

• 120˚ View - View of terrain ahead of and 60˚ to either side of the aircraft ﬂight path (Figure 3-26)

NOTE: The TERRAIN Page gives a ‘Track Up’

display orientation, as indicated by the ‘TRK’ label shown on the display. This is the only orientation available on this page.

To display a 360˚ view:

1) Select the TERRAIN Page and press the MENU

Key.

2) Select ‘View 360˚?’ (Figure 3-27).

3-14

Current Page Group

Figure 3-26 TERRAIN Page

Number of Pages in

Current Page Group

GNS 430 Pilot’s Guide and Reference

Position of

Current Page

within Current

Page Group

Figure 3-27 TERRAIN Page Menu

3) Press the ENT Key. To switch back to a 120˚

view, repeat step 1, select ‘View 120˚?, and press the ENT Key.

Seven display ranges are available, allowing for a

more complete view of the surrounding area.

To change the display range:

Select the TERRAIN Page and press up or down

on the

RNG Key to select the desired range:

1 nm, 2 nm, 5 nm, 10 nm, 25 nm, 50 nm, 100 nm (Figure 3-28).

DisplayRange Field

Figure 3-28 TERRAIN Display Range

Aviation information such as airports, VORs, and other NAVAIDS can be turned on or off from the TERRAIN Page.

To show or hide aviation data:

1) Select the TERRAIN Page and press the MENU

Key.

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NAV PAGES

Figure 3-29 TERRAIN Page Menu

Inhibit Mode

The Garmin TERRAIN system provides an ‘inhibit mode’. This mode is designed to deactivate terrain alerting when deemed unnecessary by the pilot. Flying VFR into an area where unique terrain exists could cause the system to annunciate nuisance alerts. Pilots should use discretion when inhibiting the TERRAIN system and always remember to enable the system when appropriate. See Section 11.3 for more information on TERRAIN alerts.

To inhibit TERRAIN:

1) Select the TERRAIN Page and press the MENU

Key. ‘Inhibit Terrain?’ is selected by default (Figure 3-30).

2) Select ‘Show (or Hide) Aviation Data’ (Figure

3-29) and press the ENT Key. Pressing the CLR Key when the TERRAIN Page is displayed can also be used to toggle aviation information on or off.

GNS 430 Pilot’s Guide and Reference

Figure 3-30 TERRAIN Page Menu

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2) Press the ENT Key. The ‘TER INHB’ annunciation

is displayed in the TERRAIN annunciator ﬁeld when TERRAIN is inhibited (Figure 3-31).

Annunciator Field

Figure 3-31 TERRAIN Annunciator Field

To enable TERRAIN:

1) Select the TERRAIN Page and press the MENU

Key. ‘Enable Terrain?’ is selected by default.

2) Press the ENT Key. The TERRAIN system is

functional again.

TERRAIN Symbols

The following symbols (Figure 3-32) are used to represent obstacles and potential impact points on the Terrain Page.

• Red Symbol - Terrain/Obstacle is within 100 feet above or below the aircraft altitude

• Yellow Symbol - Terrain/Obstacle is between 1000 feet and 100 feet below the aircraft altitude

NOTE: Obstacle symbols are shown on display

zoom ranges up to 10 nm.

Unlighted Obstacles

<1000 feet AGL

Lighted

Obstacles

<1000 feet AGL

Unlighted Obstacles

>1000 feet AGL

3-16

>1000 feet AGL

GNS 430 Pilot’s Guide and Reference

Lighted

Obstacles

Figure 3-32 TERRAIN Symbols

Potential

Impact Points

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3.6 NAV/COM PAGE

The fourth NAV page is the NAV/COM (navigation communications) Page (Figure 3-33). The NAV/COM Page provides a list of the airport communication and navigation frequencies at the departure, enroute, and arrival airports. The NAV/COM Page makes selection of the frequencies needed along the ﬂight plan quick and convenient. If there is no active ﬂight plan with a departure airport, the NAV/COM Page displays the frequencies for the airport nearest the departure position.

Departure, Enroute,

or Arrival Airport

Frequency Type

Current Page Group

Figure 3-33 NAV/COM Page

Assigned Frequency and

Usage Information

(when applicable)

Number of Pages in

Current Page Group

Position of

Current Page

within Current

Page Group

To select a frequency list for a departure, enroute or arrival airport:

1) Press the small right knob to activate the

cursor.

2) Turn the large

right knob to place the cursor

on the airport identiﬁer ﬁeld (top line on the NAV/COM Page, see Figure 3-33).

3) Turn the small right knob to select the desired airport (Figure 3-34) and press the ENT Key.

Figure 3-34 Airport Window

GNS 430 Pilot’s Guide and Reference

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To scroll through the list of frequencies:

1) Activate the cursor, if not already active, by

pressing the small right knob.

2) Turn the large

right knob to move the cursor

through the list of frequencies. If there are more frequencies in the list that can be displayed on the screen, a scroll bar along the right-hand side of the screen (Figure 3-35) indicates which part of the list is currently being displayed.

Scroll Bar

Figure 3-35 Scroll Bar

If a listed frequency has sector or altitude restrictions,

the frequency is preceded by an ‘Info?’ designation.

To view usage restrictions for a frequency:

1) Turn the large

right knob to place the cursor

on the ‘Info?’ designation directly in front of the desired frequency (Figure 3-36).

Figure 3-36 ‘Info’ Highlighted

2) Press the ENT Key to display the restriction information (Figure 3-37).

3-18

3) To place a frequency in the standby ﬁeld of the COM or VLOC Window, highlight the desired frequency and press the ENT Key.

Some listed frequencies may include designations for

limited usage, as follows:

• ‘TX’ - Transmit only

• ‘RX’ - Receive only

• ‘PT’ - Part time frequency

GNS 430 Pilot’s Guide and Reference

Figure 3-37 Restriction Information Page

3) To return to the NAV/COM Page, press the ENT

Key.

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NAV PAGES

3.7 POSITION PAGE

The Position Page (the ﬁfth NAV page) displays the present position (by default, in latitude and longitude) and altitude. The Position Page (Figure 3-38) also displays the current track, ground speed, time, and a reference waypoint ﬁeld. These ﬁelds are user-selectable to conﬁgure the page to the pilot’s own preferences and current navigation needs.

User-selectable Data Fields

Graphic ‘Track’ Indicator

Present Position

Position of

Current Page

within Current

Page Group

Reference Waypoint Field

Current Page Group

Figure 3-38 Position Page

The graphic ‘track’ indicator at the top of the page indicates the direction the aircraft is heading, or track, only when moving. The graphic ‘track’ indicator and the TRK indication directly below it provide the same information. Use the graphic ‘track’ indicator for quick at-a-glance ground track information. Directly below are three userselectable ﬁelds, which by default, display speed, and altitude. Barometric pressure (BARO) settings and minimum safe altitude (MSA) can also be displayed in these ﬁelds. MSA is the recommended minimum altitude within approximately ten miles of the present position. MSA is calculated from the information contained in the database and generally takes into account mountains, buildings, and other permanent features.

Number of Pages in

Current Page Group

track, ground

NOTE: Do not rely solely on MSA as an absolute

measure of safe altitude. Consult current area charts and NOTAMs.

To change the user-selectable data ﬁelds:

1) Press the

MENU Key to display the Position

Page Menu (Figure 3-39).

Figure 3-39 Position Page Menu

2) Turn the large right knob to highlight ‘Change Fields?’ and press the ENT Key.

3) Turn the large right knob to highlight the data ﬁeld to be changed.

4) Turn the small

right knob to display the list of

available data items (Figure 3-40). Continue turning the small right knob to select the desired data item from the list.

Figure 3-40 Select Field Type Window

GNS 430 Pilot’s Guide and Reference

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5) Press the ENT Key to select the desired data

item and return to the Position Page.

6) Press the small right knob momentarily to

remove the cursor from the page.

The Position Page also features a reference waypoint ﬁeld, located at the bottom of the page, to indicate bearing and distance to/from a selected waypoint. The reference waypoint ﬁeld can display bearing and distance information for a nearby airport (default), VOR, NDB, intersection, or user waypoint.

To change the reference waypoint information:

1) Press the

MENU Key to display the Position

Page Menu (Figure 3-39).

2) Turn the large right knob to highlight ‘Change Fields?’ and press the ENT Key.

3) Turn the large right knob to highlight the waypoint type ﬁeld (bottom left corner of the page; default setting shows ‘APT’ see Figure 3-41).

4) Turn the small right knob to display the list

of available waypoint types (Figure 3-42). Continue turning the small right knob to select the desired data item from the list.

Figure 3-42 Category Window

5) If ‘WPT’ is selected as the waypoint type, any airport, NAVAID, or user waypoint can be designated as a reference waypoint. Press the small right knob, turn the large right knob to highlight the waypoint identiﬁer ﬁeld (Figure 3-43), then use the small and large right knobs to enter the identiﬁer of the desired waypoint. Press the ENT Key to conﬁrm the selected waypoints. Press the small right knob to remove the cursor.

3-20

Figure 3-41 Waypoint Type Field Highlighted

Figure 3-43 Reference Waypoint Field Highlighted

GNS 430 Pilot’s Guide and Reference

SECTION 3

NAV PAGES

6) Press the ENT Key to select the desired type

and return to the Position Page.

7) To select between ‘bearing FROM’ or ‘

bearing

TO’ to the reference waypoint, turn the small right knob to select the desired bearing reference (Figure 3-44) and press the ENT Key.

Figure 3-44 Mode Window

8) Press the small right knob momentarily to

remove the cursor from the page.

Restoring Factory Settings

A ‘Restore Defaults?’ option allows all data ﬁelds to be reset to their original factory default settings. This returns the three user-selectable ﬁelds at the top of the page AND the reference waypoint ﬁelds to default settings.

To restore the factory default settings:

1) Press the Page Menu (Figure 3-45).

2) Turn the large right knob to highlight ‘Restore Defaults?’ and press the ENT Key.

MENU Key to display the Position

Figure 3-45 Position Page Menu

GNS 430 Pilot’s Guide and Reference

3-21

SECTION 3

NAV PAGES

3.8 SATELLITE STATUS PAGE

The Satellite Status Page (the sixth NAV page) provides a visual reference of GPS receiver functions, including current satellite coverage, GPS receiver status, and position accuracy. The Satellite Status Page (Figure 3-46) is helpful in troubleshooting weak (or missing) signal levels due to poor satellite coverage or installation problems.

2 3

Sky View

Estimated Position Error (EPE) and

Dilution of Precision (DOP)

As the GPS receiver locks onto satellites, a signal strength bar appears for each satellite in view, with the appropriate satellite number (01-32) underneath each bar. The progress of satellite acquisition is shown in three stages:

• No signal strength bars - The receiver is looking for the satellites indicated.

• Hollow signal strength bars - The receiver has found the satellite(s) and is collecting data (Figure 3-47).

• Solid signal strength bars - The receiver has collected the necessary data and the satellite(s) is ready for use.

• Checkered signal strength bars - Excluded satellites (Figure 3-46)

The sky view display (at top left corner of the page) shows which satellites are currently in view, and where they are. The outer circle of the sky view represents the horizon (with north at top of the page); the inner circle 45° above the horizon; and the center point directly overhead.

3-22

GPS Receiver Status

Horizontal Uncertainty Level (HUL)

Satellite ID Numbers

Signal Strength Bars

Excluded Satellite

Current Page Group

Number of Pages in Current Page Group

Positon of Current Page within Current

Page Group

Figure 3-46 Satellite Status Page

Figure 3-47 Hollow Signal Strength Bars

GNS 430 Pilot’s Guide and Reference

SECTION 3

NAV PAGES

Each satellite has a 30-second data transmission that must be collected (hollow signal strength bar, see Figure 3-47) before the satellite may be used for navigation (solid signal strength bar, see Figure 3-46). Once the GPS receiver has determined the present position, the GNS 430 indicates position, track, and ground speed on the other navigation pages. The GPS receiver status ﬁeld (Figure 3-46) also displays the messages listed in Table 3-2 under the appropriate conditions:

GPS Receiver Status Messages

Searching Sky The GPS receiver is searching the sky for ANY visible satellites. The

pilot is informed of this status with a ‘Searching the Sky’ message.

Acquiring Sat The GPS receiver is acquiring satellites for navigation. In this mode,

the receiver uses satellite orbital data (collected continuously from the satellites) and last known position to determine which satellites should be in view.

2D Navigation The GPS receiver is in 2D navigation mode. Altitude data is provided

by an altitude serializer.

3D Navigation The GPS receiver is in 3D navigation mode and computes altitude

using satellite data.

Poor Coverg The GPS receiver cannot acquire sufﬁcient satellites for navigation.

Rcvr Not Usbl The GPS receiver is unusable due to incorrect initialization or

abnormal satellite conditions. Turn the unit off and on again.

AutoLocate The GPS receiver is looking for any available satellite. This process

can take up to ﬁve minutes to determine a position.

The Satellite Status Page also indicates the accuracy of the position ﬁx, using Estimated Position Error (EPE), Dilution of Precision (DOP), and Horizontal Uncertainty Level (HUL) ﬁgures. DOP measures satellite geometry quality (i.e., number of satellites received and where they are relative to each other) on a scale from one to ten. The lowest numbers are the best accuracy and the highest numbers are the worst. EPE uses DOP and other factors to calculate a horizontal position error, in feet or meters. HUL is explained in Section 12.

Table 3-2 GPS Receiver Status Messages

GNS 430 Pilot’s Guide and Reference

3-23

SECTION 3

VERTICAL NAVIGATION PROFILE

VERTICAL SPEED REQUIRED

DISTANCE TO TARGET

TIME AND DISTANCE TO PROFILE

TARGET ALTITUDE AND POSITION

AIRPORT

CURRENT ALTITUDE AND POSITION

NAV PAGES

3.9 VERTICAL NAVIGATION PAGE

The GNS 430’s Vertical Navigation Page (the last NAV page, see Figure 3-48) creates a three-dimensional proﬁle to provide guidance from the present position and altitude to a ﬁnal (target) altitude at a speciﬁed location. This is helpful when descending to a certain altitude near an airport or climbing to an altitude before reaching a route or direct-to waypoint (Figure 3-49). Once the proﬁle is deﬁned, message alerts and additional data on the Default NAV Page and the Map Page provide guidance to the pilot.

NOTE: To use the vertical navigation features,

ground speed must be greater than 35 knots and the pilot must be navigating to a direct-to destination or using a ﬂight plan.

Figure 3-49 Vertical Navigation Proﬁle

To create a vertical navigation proﬁle (Figure 3-49):

1) Press the small right knob to activate the

cursor.

3-24

Page Group

Figure 3-48 Vertical Navigation (VNAV) Page

Target Altitude

Target Distance

Altitude Reference (AGL or MSL)

Target Reference Vertical Speed Desired

Vertical Speed Required

Current Page Group Number of Pages in Current Page Group

Positon of Current Page within Current

GNS 430 Pilot’s Guide and Reference

2) Turn the large right knob to highlight the

target altitude ﬁeld.

3) Turn the small and large

right knobs to select

the target altitude (Figure 3-50) and press the

ENT Key.

Figure 3-50 Target Altitude Field Selected

SECTION 3

NAV PAGES

4) Turn the small right knob to select ‘Above

Wpt’ (AGL) or ‘MSL’, (Figure 3-51) and press the ENT Key. ‘Above Wpt’ uses the altitude of a destination airport as stored in the Jeppesen NavData card. ‘MSL’ lets the pilot set a speciﬁc target altitude for any waypoint category: airport, VOR, NDB, intersection, or user waypoint.

Figure 3-51 Reference Window

5) Turn the small and large right knobs to select

a distance from the target reference waypoint (Figure 3-52) and press the ENT Key. If the target altitude should occur at the target reference waypoint, enter a distance of zero.

6) Turn the small right knob to select ‘Before’ or ‘After’, and press the ENT Key. This setting designates whether the offset distance deﬁnes a point before the aircraft reaches the target reference waypoint, or after the aircraft reaches the waypoint.

7) When using a ﬂight plan, the target

reference waypoint itself can be specified from the waypoints contained in the ﬂight plan. By default, the last waypoint in the ﬂight plan is selected. To select a different waypoint, turn the small right knob to select the desired waypoint and press the ENT Key.

8) The default proﬁle utilizes a 400 fpm descent rate. To change the rate, turn the large

right

knob to highlight the ‘VS Proﬁle’ ﬁeld (Figure 3-53) and use the small and large right knobs to enter a new rate. Press the ENT Key when ﬁnished.

Figure 3-52 Reference Distance Selected

GNS 430 Pilot’s Guide and Reference

Figure 3-53 VS Proﬁle Field Selected

3-25

SECTION 3

NAV PAGES

With the proﬁle set, the vertical speed required (VSR) is displayed on the Vertical Navigation Page. Expect the following to occur when using the vertical navigation feature:

• At one minute prior to reaching the initial descent point, a message ‘Approaching VNAV Proﬁle’ occurs. The descent (or climb) angle also locks to prevent changes in speed from altering the proﬁle.

• If selected, the vertical speed required (

VSR) readout on the Default NAV Page and the Map Page show the desired vertical speed to maintain the proper descent (or climb) angle.

• At 500 feet above (or below, for a climb) the target altitude, an ‘Approaching Target Altitude’ message is provided. The VSR readout on the Default NAV Page and the Map Page is blanked out, at this point.

Vertical navigation messages can be turned on or off.

(By default the messages are off.) Turning the

messages off allows the pilot to keep the previous proﬁle settings, without having them generate messages when the feature isn’t needed.

To disable/enable the vertical navigation (VNAV) messages:

1) Press the MENU Key to display the Vertical

Navigation Page Menu (Figure 3-54).

Figure 3-54 VNAV Page Menu

2) With ‘VNAV Messages On?’ highlighted,

press the ENT Key. Or, if the messages are already on, to turn them off, make sure ‘VNAV Messages Off?’ is highlighted and press the ENT Key.

3-26

GNS 430 Pilot’s Guide and Reference

SECTION 4

DIRECT-TO NAVIGATION

SECTION 4: DIRECT-TO

NAVIGATION

4.1 OVERVIEW

The GNS 430’s direct-to function provides a quick method of setting a course to a destination waypoint. Once a direct-to is activated, the GNS 430 establishes a point-to-point course line (great circle) from the present position to the selected direct-to destination. Navigation data on the various NAV pages provides steering guidance until the direct-to is cancelled or replaced by a new destination.

To select a direct-to destination:

1) Press the Direct-to Key. The Select Direct-to

Waypoint Page appears (Figure 4-1), with the waypoint identiﬁer ﬁeld highlighted.

2) Use the small and large right knobs to

enter the identiﬁer of the desired destination waypoint (Figure 4-2).

Figure 4-2 Waypoint Identiﬁer Field Selected

3) Press the ENT Key to confirm the selected waypoint, and press the ENT Key again to activate the direct-to function (Figure 4-3).

Figure 4-1 Select Direct-to Waypoint Page

GNS 430 Pilot’s Guide and Reference

Figure 4-3 ‘Activate?’ Field Highlighted

When off course while navigating to a waypoint, the direct-to function may also be used to re-center the CDI (HSI) needle and proceed to the same waypoint.

To re-center the CDI (HSI) needle to the same destination waypoint:

Press the Direct-to Key, followed by the

Key twice.

NOTE: When navigating an approach with the

missed approach point (MAP) as the current destination, re-centering the CDI (HSI) needle with the Direct-to Key cancels the approach.

ENT

4-1

SECTION 4

DIRECT-TO NAVIGATION

Selecting a Destination by Facility Name or City

In addition to selecting a destination by identiﬁer, the Select Direct-to Waypoint Page (Figure 4-4) also allows the pilot to select airports, VORs and NDBs by facility name or city location. If duplicate entries exist for the entered facility name or city, additional entries may be viewed by continuing to turn the small right knob during the selection process. See Section 7.1, Duplicate Waypoints for more information.

Identiﬁer, Symbol,

and Region

Flight Plan

Field

Figure 4-4 Select Direct-to Waypoint Page

Nearest Airport

Field

To select a direct-to destination by facility name or city:

1) Press the Direct-to Key. The Select Direct-to

Waypoint Page appears, with the waypoint identiﬁer ﬁeld highlighted.

2) Turn the large right knob to highlight the

facility name (second line) or the city (third line) ﬁeld.

Facililty Name

City

3) Use the small and large

right knobs to enter

the facility name or city location of the desired destination waypoint (Figure 4-5). When spelling the facility name or city, the GNS 430’s Spell’N’Find™ feature selects the ﬁrst entry in the database based upon the characters entered up to that point.

Figure 4-5 Facility Name Selected

4) Continue turning the small right knob to scroll

through any additional database listings for the selected facility name or city. The pilot can also scroll backwards with the small right knob if the desired waypoint has been scrolled past .

5) Press the ENT Key to conﬁrm the selected waypoint, and press the ENT Key again to activate the direct-to function.

Selecting a Destination from the Active Flight Plan

When navigating an active ﬂight plan, any waypoint contained in the ﬂight plan may be selected as a direct-to destination from the Select Direct-to Waypoint Page. See Section 5, for more information on ﬂight plans.

4-2

GNS 430 Pilot’s Guide and Reference

SECTION 4

DIRECT-TO NAVIGATION

To select a direct-to destination from the active ﬂight plan:

1) Press the Direct-to Key. The Select Direct-to

Waypoint Page appears, with the waypoint identiﬁer ﬁeld highlighted.

2) Turn the large right knob to highlight the ﬂight

plan (FPL) ﬁeld (Figure 4-6).

Figure 4-6 Highlighted Flight Plan Field

3) Turn the small right knob to display a window

showing all waypoints in the active ﬂight plan (Figure 4-7).

Selecting the Nearest Airport as a Direct-to Destination

The Select Direct-to Waypoint Page always displays the nearest airports (from the present position) in the NRST ﬁeld. Navigating directly to a nearby airport is always just a few simple steps away. (Nearby airports may also be selected as direct-to destinations using the steps described in Section 8.1.)

To select a nearby airport as a direct-to destination:

1) Press the Direct-to Key. The Select Direct-to

Waypoint Page appears, with the waypoint identiﬁer ﬁeld highlighted.

2) Turn the large right knob to highlight the

nearest airport (NRST) ﬁeld.

3) Turn the small right knob to display a window

showing up to nine nearby airports (Figure 4-8).

Figure 4-7 FPL (Flight Plan) Window

4) Continue turning the small right knob to

scroll through the list and highlight the desired waypoint.

5) Press the ENT Key to conﬁrm the selected waypoint, and press the ENT Key again to activate the direct-to function.

GNS 430 Pilot’s Guide and Reference

Figure 4-8 Nearest Window

4) Continue turning the small right knob to

scroll through the list and highlight the desired airport.

5) Press the ENT Key to conﬁrm the selected airport, and press the ENT Key again to activate the direct-to function.

4-3

SECTION 4

DIRECT-TO NAVIGATION

Shortcuts

Shortcuts are available when using the Direct-to Key, allowing the pilot to bypass the use of the small and large right knobs to enter the destination waypoint’s identiﬁer. A direct-to can be performed from any page displaying a single waypoint identiﬁer (such as the WPT pages for airports and NAVAIDS, see Figure 4-9) by simply pressing the Direct-to Key and the ENT Key. For pages that display a list of waypoints (e.g., the Nearest Airport Page, see Figure 4-10), the desired waypoint must be highlighted with the cursor before pressing the Direct-to Key.

Figure 4-9 Single Waypoint Displayed

To select an on-screen waypoint as a directto destination:

1) If a single airport, NAVAID, or user waypoint is

displayed on-screen: press the Direct-to Key, then press the ENT Key twice.

2) If a list of waypoints is displayed on-screen:

press the small right knob to activate the cursor.

3) Turn the large right knob to highlight the

desired waypoint.

4) Press the Direct-to Key followed by the

ENT

Key twice.

4-4

Figure 4-10 Nearest List

GNS 430 Pilot’s Guide and Reference

SECTION 4

DIRECT-TO NAVIGATION

Selecting a Direct-to destination from the Map Page

Direct-to destinations may also be selected from the Map Page. If no airport, NAVAID, or user waypoint exists at the desired location, a waypoint named ‘+MAP’ is automatically created at the location of the panning pointer.

To select a direct-to destination from the Map Page:

1) From the Map Page, press the small right knob

to display a panning pointer.

2) Turn the small and large the panning pointer at the desired destination location.

3) If the panning pointer is placed on an existing airport, NAVAID or user waypoint, the waypoint name is highlighted (Figure 4-11). Press the Direct-to Key and the ENT Key twice to navigate to the waypoint.

right knobs to place

Cancelling Direct-to Navigation

Once a direct-to is activated, the GNS 430 provides navigation guidance to the selected destination until the direct-to is replaced with a new direct-to or ﬂight plan, cancelled, or the unit is turned off.

To cancel a direct-to:

1) Press the Direct-to Key to display the Select

Direct-to Waypoint Page.

2) Press the Page Menu (Figure 4-12).

Figure 4-12 Select Direct-to Page Menu

MENU Key to display the Direct-to

Figure 4-11 Panning Pointer Placed on Waypoint

4) If the panning pointer is placed on an open

location, press the Direct-to Key, then press the ENT Key twice to create a ‘+MAP’ waypoint and navigate to it.

GNS 430 Pilot’s Guide and Reference

3) With ‘Cancel Direct-to NAV?’ highlighted, press the ENT Key. If a ﬂight plan is still active, the GNS 430 resumes navigating the ﬂight plan along the closest leg.

4-5

SECTION 4

DIRECT-TO NAVIGATION

Specifying a Course to a Waypoint

When performing a direct-to, the GNS 430 sets a direct great circle course to the selected destination. The course to the destination can also be manually deﬁned using the ‘CRS’ course ﬁeld on the Select Direct-to Waypoint Page.

To manually deﬁne the direct-to course:

1) Press the Direct-to Key.

2) Use the small and large the destination waypoint.

3) Press the ENT Key to conﬁrm the selected waypoint, then turn the large right knob to highlight the course (‘CRS’) ﬁeld (Figure 4-13).

right knobs to select

4) Turn the small and large right knobs to select

the desired course (Figure 4-14) and press the

ENT Key.

Figure 4-14 Course Field Selected

5) Press the ENT Key again to begin navigation

using the selected destination and course.

6) To re-select a direct course from present position (or select a new manually-deﬁned course), simply press the Direct-to Key, followed by the ENT Key twice.

4-6

Figure 4-13 CRS (Course) Field Highlighted

GNS 430 Pilot’s Guide and Reference

SECTION 5

FLIGHT PLANS

SECTION 5: FLIGHT PLANS

The GNS 430 lets the pilot create up to 20 different ﬂight plans, with up to 31 waypoints in each ﬂight plan. The Flight Plan Page Group consists of two pages, accessed by pressing the FPL Key. The ﬂight plan pages allow the pilot to create, edit, and copy ﬂight plans.

Indicates Current Page

Figure 5-1 Flight Plan Catalog Page

5.1 FLIGHT PLAN CATALOG PAGE

The Flight Plan Catalog Page allows the pilot to create, edit, activate, delete, and copy ﬂight plans. Flight plans numbered from 1 through 19 are used to save ﬂight plans for future use. ‘Flight plan 00’ is reserved exclusively for the ﬂight plan currently in use for navigation. When a ﬂight plan is activated, a copy of the ﬂight plan is automatically transferred to ‘ﬂight plan 00’ and overwrites any previously active ﬂight plan.

To create a new ﬂight plan:

1) Press the knob to display the Flight Plan Catalog Page (Figure 5-1).

2) Press the Catalog Page Menu (Figure 5-2).

FPL Key and turn the small right

MENU Key to display the Flight Plan

Figure 5-2 Flight Plan Catalog Page Menu

3) Turn the large right knob to highlight ‘Create New Flight Plan?’ and press the ENT Key.

GNS 430 Pilot’s Guide and Reference

5-1

SECTION 5

FLIGHT PLANS

4) A blank Flight Plan Page appears for the ﬁrst empty storage location (Figure 5-3). Use the small and large right knobs to enter the identiﬁer of the departure waypoint and press the ENT Key.

Figure 5-3 Flight Plan Page

5) Repeat step 4 above to enter the identiﬁer for each additional ﬂight plan waypoint.

6) Once all waypoints have been entered, press the small

right knob to return to the Flight

Plan Catalog Page.

Figure 5-4 Flight Plan Page

5) Use the small and large right knobs to enter

the identiﬁer of the new waypoint and press the ENT Key (Figure 5-5).

5-2

Flight Plan Editing

To add a waypoint to an existing ﬂight plan:

1) Press the knob to display the Flight Plan Catalog Page.

2) Press the small right knob to activate the cursor.

3) Turn the large right knob to highlight the desired ﬂight plan and press the

4) Turn the large right knob to select the point to add the new waypoint. If an existing waypoint is highlighted, the new waypoint is placed directly in front of this waypoint (Figure 5-4).

FPL Key and turn the small right

ENT Key.

GNS 430 Pilot’s Guide and Reference

Figure 5-5 Waypoint Identiﬁer Field Selected

6) Once all changes have been made, press the

small right knob to return to the Flight Plan Catalog Page (Figure 5-6).

Figure 5-6 Edited Flight Plan Page

SECTION 5

FLIGHT PLANS

To delete a waypoint from an existing ﬂight plan:

1) Press the

FPL Key and turn the small right

knob to display the Flight Plan Catalog Page.

2) Press the small right knob to activate the cursor.

3) Turn the large right knob to highlight the desired ﬂight plan and press the

ENT Key.

4) Turn the large right knob to select the waypoint to be deleted and press the

CLR Key to display

a ‘remove waypoint’ conﬁrmation window.

5) With ‘Yes’ highlighted, press the

ENT Key to

remove the waypoint.

6) Once all changes have been made, press the small right knob to return to the Flight Plan Catalog Page.

A one-line user comment may be added to any ﬂight plan, which is displayed on the Flight Plan Catalog Page, next to the ﬂight plan’s number. By default, as the ﬂight plan is being created, the comment shows the ﬁrst and last waypoints in the ﬂight plan.

To change the comment line for an existing ﬂight plan:

1) From the Flight Plan Catalog Page, press the

small right knob to activate the cursor.

2) Turn the large right knob to highlight the

desired ﬂight plan and press the

ENT Key.

3) Turn the large right knob to select the

comment line at the top of the screen.

4) Use the small and large

right knobs to enter

the new comment (Figure 5-7). Press the ENT Key when ﬁnished.

Figure 5-7 Comment Line Selected

5) Once all changes have been made, press the

small right knob to return to the Flight Plan Catalog Page.

GNS 430 Pilot’s Guide and Reference

5-3

SECTION 5

FLIGHT PLANS

Activating Flight Plans

Once a ﬂight plan is deﬁned through the Flight Plan Catalog Page (using the steps outlined previously in this section), it may be activated for navigation. Activating the ﬂight plan places it into ‘ﬂight plan 00’ and overwrites any previous information at that location.

To activate an existing ﬂight plan:

1) From the Flight Plan Catalog Page, press the

small right knob to activate the cursor.

2) Turn the large right knob to highlight the desired ﬂight plan and press the MENU Key to display the Flight Plan Catalog Page Menu.

3) Turn the large right knob to highlight ‘Activate Flight Plan?’ and press the 5-8).

ENT Key (Figure

Inverting Flight Plans

After travelling along a ﬂight plan, the pilot may wish to reverse the route for navigation guidance back to the original departure point.

To activate an existing ﬂight plan in reverse order:

1) From the Flight Plan Catalog Page, press the

small right knob to activate the cursor.

2) Turn the large right knob to highlight the desired ﬂight plan and press the MENU Key to display the Flight Plan Catalog Page Menu.

3) Turn the large right knob to highlight ‘Invert & Activate FPL?’ (Figure 5-9) and press the Key. The original ﬂight plan remains intact in its ﬂight plan catalog storage location.

ENT

5-4

Figure 5-8 Flight Plan Catalog Page Menu

GNS 430 Pilot’s Guide and Reference

Figure 5-9 Flight Plan Catalog Page Menu

SECTION 5

FLIGHT PLANS

Copying Flight Plans

To save a ﬂight plan currently located in ‘ﬂight plan 00’, copy it to an open catalog location (1-19) before the ﬂight plan is cancelled, overwritten, or erased.

To copy a ﬂight plan to another ﬂight plan catalog location:

1) From the Active Flight Plan Page, press the

MENU Key to display the Active Flight Plan Page Menu.

2) From the Flight Plan Catalog Page, press the

small right knob to activate the cursor, turn the large right knob to highlight the ﬂight plan to be copied, then press the MENU Key to display the Flight Plan Catalog Page Menu.

3) Turn the large

Flight Plan?’ (Figure 5-10) and press the ENT Key.

right knob to highlight ‘Copy

Deleting Flight Plans

When ﬁnished with a ﬂight plan, it can easily be deleted from the Flight Plan Catalog Page or the Active Flight Plan Page.

To delete a ﬂight plan:

1) From the Active Flight Plan Page, press the

MENU Key to display the Active Flight Plan Page Menu.

2) From the Flight Plan Catalog Page, press the

small right knob to activate the cursor, turn the large right knob to highlight the ﬂight plan to be deleted, then press the MENU Key to display the Flight Plan Catalog Page Menu.

3) Turn the large

Flight Plan?’ (Figure 5-11) and press the ENT Key.

right knob to highlight ‘Delete

Figure 5-10 Flight Plan Catalog Page Menu

4) By default, the next empty catalog location is offered. To select a different location, turn the large right knob to select the ﬂight plan number, use the small and large right knobs to enter a different number and press the ENT Key.

5) With ‘Yes?’ highlighted, press the

ENT Key to

copy the ﬂight plan.

GNS 430 Pilot’s Guide and Reference

Figure 5-11 Flight Plan Catalog Page Menu

4) With ‘Yes?’ highlighted, press the ENT Key to

delete the ﬂight plan.

5-5

SECTION 5

FLIGHT PLANS

Flight Plan Catalog Options

The following options (some covered on the preceding

pages) are available for the Flight Plan Catalog Page:

• ‘Activate Flight Plan?’ - Allows the pilot to select the ﬂight plan for navigation guidance, as described previously in this section.

• ‘Invert & Activate FPL?’ - Allows the pilot to reverse the highlighted ﬂight plan and select it for navigation guidance, as described previously in this section.

• ‘Create New Flight Plan?’ - Allows the pilot to create a new ﬂight plan, as described previously in this section.

• ‘Crossﬁll?’ - Allows the pilot to transfer a Direct-to destination, the active ﬂight plan, any stored ﬂight plan or user waypoints to a second 400-Series or 500-Series Garmin unit. Some crossﬁll operations can be done automatically. If both units are set to ‘auto’, a change in the direct-to destination or active ﬂight plan on one unit is seen on the other. For additional information, see Section 10.2, Flight Planning Page: Crossﬁll.

To crossﬁll ﬂight plans between two 400or 500-Series Garmin units:

1) Select the ‘Crossﬁll?’ option from the Flight Plan Catalog Page Menu (Figure 5-12) and press the ENT Key.

Figure 5-12 Flight Plan Catalog Page Menu

2) Turn the large right knob to select the

‘Method’ ﬁeld (Figure 5-13).

Figure 5-13 Crossﬁll Page

3) Turn the small right knob to select ‘Auto’ or ‘Manual’ and press the ENT Key. ‘Auto’ automatically transfers the active ﬂight plan or Direct-to selection to another 400- or 500series Garmin unit, without user intervention.

4) If ‘Manual’ is selected: Turn the large right knob to select the ‘Transfer’ ﬁeld, then turn the small right knob to select the type of information to transfer between units (active ﬂight plan, ﬂight plan, all user waypoints or a single user waypoint). When ‘Flight Plan’ or ‘User Waypoint’ is selected, a second ﬁeld appears to the immediate right of the ‘Transfer’ ﬁeld. Use the small and large right knobs to enter the number of the ﬂight plan or the name of the user waypoint to be transferred.

5-6

GNS 430 Pilot’s Guide and Reference

SECTION 5

FLIGHT PLANS

5) The ‘Cross-Side’ field allows the pilot to designate the sending and receiving units in a crossﬁll operation. Turn the large right knob to select the ‘Cross-side’ ﬁeld, then turn the small right knob to select ‘To’ or ‘From’ (Figure 5-14). Press the ENT Key to conﬁrm the selection.

Figure 5-14 Transfer Window

6) Turn the large right knob to highlight ‘Initiate Transfer?’ and press the ENT Key.

• ‘Copy Flight Plan?’ - Allows the pilot to copy the selected ﬂight plan to a new ﬂight plan location, as described previously in this section. The copy function is useful for duplicating an existing ﬂight plan before making changes.

• ‘Delete Flight Plan?’ - Allows the pilot to remove the selected ﬂight plan from memory, as described previously in this section. Deleting a ﬂight plan does not delete the individual waypoints contained in the ﬂight plan from the database or user waypoint memory.

To delete all ﬂight plans:

1) Select the ‘Delete All Flight Plans?’ option from the Flight Plan Catalog Page Menu (Figure 5-15) and press the ENT Key.

Figure 5-15 Flight Plan Catalog Page Menu

2) A conﬁrmation window appears (Figure 5-16). With ‘Yes?’ highlighted, press the ENT Key.

Figure 5-16 Delete All Flight Plans Window

• ‘Delete All Flight Plans?’ - Allows the pilot to remove all ﬂight plans from memory.

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• ‘Sort List By Number?’/’Sort List by Comment?’

- Allows the pilot to select between a ﬂight plan catalog sorted numerically by the ﬂight plan number or sorted alphanumerically based upon the comment assigned to each ﬂight plan. When either option is selected, the other option appears on the Flight Plan Catalog Page Menu.

To sort the catalog listing by number or comment:

1) Select the ‘Sort List By Number?’ or ‘Sort List By Comment?’ option (whichever is currently displayed) from the Flight Plan Catalog Page Menu (Figure 5-17) and press the ENT Key.

Figure 5-17 Flight Plan Catalog Page Menu

5.2 ACTIVE FLIGHT PLAN PAGE

The Active Flight Plan Page provides information and editing functions for ‘ﬂight plan 00’, the ﬂight plan currently in use for navigation. When a direct-to or ﬂight plan has been activated, the Active Flight Plan Page shows each waypoint for the ﬂight plan (or a single waypoint for a direct-to, Figure 5-18), along with the desired track (DTK) and distance (DIS) for each leg.

Figure 5-18 Active Flight Plan Page

Active Flight Plan Options

The options shown in Table 5-1 are available for the Active Flight Plan Page.

To access the Active Flight Plan Menu Page:

5-8

1) Press the FPL Key to view the Active Flight Plan

Page.

2) Press the

Figure 5-19 Active Flight Plan Page Menu

GNS 430 Pilot’s Guide and Reference

MENU Key (Figure 5-19).

Active Flight Plan Page Menu Options

Activate Leg

Activates/reactivates the ﬂight plan and selects the highlighted leg as the ‘active leg’ (the leg which is currently used for navigation guidance).

Allows the pilot to transfer the active ﬂight plan between two 400- or 500-series Garmin units

Crossﬁll

in a dual unit installation. See Section 10.2, Flight Planning: Crossﬁll for additional information on this feature.

Copy Flight Plan

Invert Flight Plan

Copies the active ﬂight plan to a ﬂight plan catalog location, as described previously in this section. The copy function is useful for duplicating the active ﬂight plan before making changes.

Reverses the active ﬂight plan. See Section 5.1, Activating Flight Plans and Inverting Flight Plans.

Allows the pilot to remove all waypoints from the selected ﬂight plan, as described previously

Delete Flight Plan

in this section. Deleting a ﬂight plan does not delete the waypoints contained in the ﬂight plan from the database or user waypoint memory.

Allows the pilot to select a published instrument approach for the destination airport, or replace

Select Approach

the current approach with a new selection. (In many cases, it is convenient to select approaches using the PROC Key as described in Section 6.1.)

Allows the pilot to select a published standard terminal arrival route (STAR) for the destination

Select Arrival

airport or replace the current arrival with a new selection (Section 6.1 for information on selecting arrivals using the PROC Key).

Allows the pilot to select a published standard instrument departure (SID) for the departure

Select Departure

airport or replace the current departure with a new selection. When using a direct-to, the GNS 430 uses the nearest airport as a reference when displaying available departures. See Section

6.1 for information on selecting departures using the PROC Key. Remove Approach Deletes the currently selected approach from the active ﬂight plan. Remove Arrival Deletes the current STAR from the active ﬂight plan. Remove Departure Deletes the current SID from the active ﬂight plan.

Calculates the bearing and closest distance that a ﬂight plan passes from a reference waypoint.

Closest Point of FPL

May also be used to create a new user waypoint along the ﬂight plan at the location closest to the reference waypoint.

Change Fields

Allows the pilot to select the desired data items to display on the Active Flight Plan Page, as described in this Section.

Restore Defaults Returns the data items to factory defaults, as described in this Section.

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Table 5-1 Active Flight Plan Page Menu Options

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The data ﬁelds for DTK and DIS are user-selectable and may be changed to display cumulative distance (CUM) to each waypoint, estimated time of arrival (ETA), estimated time enroute (ETE), or enroute safe altitude (ESA).

To change a data ﬁeld on the Active Flight Plan Page:

1) With the Active Flight Plan Page displayed,

press the MENU Key to display the Active Flight Plan Page Menu.

2) Turn the large right knob to highlight ‘Change Fields?’ (Figure 5-20) and press the ENT Key.

Figure 5-20 Active Flight Plan Page Menu

To restore factory default settings for

data

ﬁelds on the Active Flight Plan Page:

1) With the Active Flight Plan Page displayed,

press the MENU Key to display the Active Flight Plan Page Menu.

2) Turn the large right knob to highlight ‘Restore Defaults?’ and press the ENT Key.

To activate a ﬂight plan along a speciﬁc leg:

1) Press the small right knob to activate the cursor and turn the large right knob to highlight the desired destination waypoint.

2) Press the

MENU Key, and select the ‘Activate

Leg?’ option from the Active Flight Plan Page Menu (Figure 5-22) and press the ENT Key.

5-10

3) Turn the large right knob to highlight the ﬁeld

to be changed.

4) Turn the small right knob to select the desired data item (Figure 5-21) and press the ENT Key.

Figure 5-21 Select Field Type Window

5) Press the small right knob to remove the cursor.

GNS 430 Pilot’s Guide and Reference

Figure 5-22 Active Flight Plan Page Menu

3) A confirmation window appears. With

‘Activate?’ highlighted, press the ENT Key.

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FLIGHT PLANS

To select an approach for a direct-to or ﬂight plan destination airport:

1) Choose the ‘Select Approach?’ option from the Active Flight Plan Page Menu (Figure 5-23) and press the ENT Key.

Figure 5-23 Active Flight Plan Page Menu

2) A window appears listing the available approaches (Figure 5-24) for the destination airport. Turn the small right knob to highlight the desired approach and press the ENT Key.

3) A second window appears listing available transitions (Figure 5-25) for the approach. Turn the small right knob to highlight the desired transition waypoint and press the ENT Key. (The ‘Vectors’ option assumes the pilot will receive vectors to the ﬁnal course segment of the approach and will provide navigation guidance to intercept this ﬁnal course.)

Figure 5-25 Transitions Window

4) Turn the large right knob to highlight ‘Load?’ or ‘Activate?’ and press the ENT Key. ‘Load?’ adds the approach to the ﬂight plan without immediately using the approach for navigation guidance. This allows the pilot to continue navigating the original ﬂight plan until cleared for the approach but keeps the approach available for quick activation when needed.

Figure 5-24 Approach Window

5) For precision approaches, a reminder window appears indicating that GPS guidance on such approaches is strictly for monitoring only. To conﬁrm this reminder, highlight ‘Yes?’ and press the ENT Key.

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FLIGHT PLANS

To select an arrival for a direct-to or ﬂight plan destination airport:

1) Select the ‘Select Arrival?’ option from the Active Flight Plan Page Menu (Figure 5-26) and press the ENT Key.

Figure 5-26 Active Flight Plan Page Menu

2) A window appears listing the available arrivals (Figure 5-27) for the destination airport. Turn the small right knob to select the desired arrival and press the ENT Key.

3) A second window appears listing available transitions (Figure 5-28) for the arrival. Turn the small right knob to highlight the desired transition waypoint and press the

Figure 5-28 Transitions Window

ENT Key.

4) With ‘Load?’ highlighted, press the ENT Key.

To select a departure for the departure airport:

1) Select the ‘Select Departure?’ option from the Active Flight Plan Page Menu and press the ENT Key.

2) A window appears listing the available departures for the departure airport. Turn the small right knob to select the desired departure and press the ENT Key.

5-12

Figure 5-27 Arrivals Window

3) A second window appears listing available transitions for the departure. Turn the small right knob to highlight the desired transition waypoint and press the ENT Key.

4) With ‘Load?’ highlighted, press the

GNS 430 Pilot’s Guide and Reference

ENT Key.

SECTION 5

FLIGHT PLANS

To remove an approach, arrival, or departure from the active ﬂight plan:

1) Select the ‘Remove Approach?’, ‘Remove Arrival?’, or ‘Remove Departure?’ option from the Active Flight Plan Page Menu (Figure 5-29) and press the ENT Key.

Figure 5-29 Active Flight Plan Page Menu

2) A confirmation window appears listing the procedure to be removed. With ‘Yes?’ highlighted, press the ENT Key.

To determine the closest point, along the active ﬂight plan, to a selected waypoint:

1) Select the ‘Closest Point of

FPL?’ option from

the Active Flight Plan Page Menu (Figure 5-30) and press the ENT Key.

2) A window appears with the reference waypoint ﬁeld highlighted. Use the small and large right knobs to enter the identifier of the reference waypoint and press the ENT Key.

3) A confirmation window appears for the selected reference waypoint (Figure 5-31). Press the ENT Key to accept the waypoint.

Figure 5-31 Closest Point of Flight Plan Window

4) The GNS 430 displays the bearing (BRG) and distance (DIST) to the closest point along the ﬂight plan, from the selected reference waypoint. To create a user waypoint at this location and add it to the ﬂight plan, highlight ‘Load?’ and press the ENT Key. The name for the new user waypoint is derived from the identiﬁer of the reference waypoint.

Figure 5-30 Active Flight Plan Page Menu

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FLIGHT PLANS

Shortcuts

A number of shortcuts are available to save time when using the Active Flight Plan Page. These shortcuts speed the process of removing approaches, departures and arrivals, and aid in selecting a speciﬁc ﬂight plan leg for navigation guidance.

On the preceding page, options to remove approaches, departures, and arrivals were introduced. This process may also be completed using the CLR Key, as described below.

To remove an approach, departure or arrival using the CLR Key:

1) With the Active Flight Plan Page displayed,

press the small right knob to activate the cursor.

2) Turn the large for the approach (Figure 5-32), departure, or arrival to be deleted. Titles appear in light blue directly above the procedure’s waypoints.

right knob to highlight the title

3) Press the CLR Key to display a conﬁrmation

window (Figure 5-33).

Figure 5-33 Remove Approach Window

4) With ‘Yes?’ highlighted, press the ENT Key to

remove the selected procedure.

This same process may also be used to remove

individual waypoints from the active ﬂight plan.

To remove a waypoint using the CLR Key:

1) With the Active Flight Plan Page displayed,

press the small right knob to activate the cursor.

5-14

Figure 5-32 Highlight Item To Be Deleted

GNS 430 Pilot’s Guide and Reference

2) Turn the large right knob to highlight the

identifier for the waypoint to be deleted. Identiﬁers appear in green text.

3) Press the

CLR Key to display a conﬁrmation

window (Figure 5-34).

Figure 5-34 Remove Waypoint Window

4) With ‘Yes?’ highlighted, press the ENT Key to

remove the selected procedure.

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FLIGHT PLANS

The ‘Activate Leg?’ option is discussed previously in this section, which allows the pilot to specify which leg of the ﬂight plan is used for navigation guidance. A shortcut also exists for this operation, using the Direct-to Key.

To activate a speciﬁc leg of the active ﬂight plan:

1) Press the small right knob to activate the cursor and turn the large right knob to highlight the desired destination waypoint (Figure 5-35).

Figure 5-35 Destination Waypoint Highlighted

2) Press the Direct-to Key twice to display an ‘Activate Leg’ conﬁrmation window (Figure 5-36).

When using instrument procedures, this feature can be used not only to activate a speciﬁc point-to-point leg, but to also activate the procedure turn portion of an approach, follow a DME arc, or activate a holding pattern.

Any approach, departure, or arrival can be reviewed on the appropriate airport page in the Waypoint Page Group (Section 7.1).

To review a procedure while viewing a ﬂight plan page:

1) With a ﬂight plan page displayed, press the

small right knob to activate the cursor.

2) Turn the large right knob to highlight the

procedure header (Figure 5-37) and press the

ENT Key to select the WPT Page Group.

Figure 5-37 Procedure Header Highlighted

Figure 5-36 Activate Leg Window

3) With ‘Activate?’ highlighted, press the ENT

Key.

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Blank Page

5-16

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PROCEDURES

SECTION 6: PROCEDURES

6.1 APPROACHES, DEPARTURES AND ARRIVALS

The GNS 430 allows the pilot to ﬂy non-precision and precision approaches to airports with published instrument approach procedures. All available approaches are stored on the Jeppesen NavData card, and are automatically updated when the new card is inserted into the GNS 430. Subscription information for NavData cards is included in the GNS 430 package.

The Procedures Page (Figure 6-1) is displayed by pressing the PROC Key. The Procedures Page provides direct access to approaches, departures, and based upon the active ﬂight plan or direct-to destination. In either case, the departure and destination airports must have published procedures associated with them.

To select an approach, departure, or arrival:

1) Press the Page.

2) Turn the large Approach?’, ‘Select Departure?’ or ‘Select Arrival?’ (Figure 6-1) and press the ENT Key.

PROC Key to display the Procedures

right knob to highlight ‘Select

arrivals,

3) A window appears listing the available

procedures (Figure 6-2). Turn the large right knob to highlight the desired procedure and press the ENT Key. (When a direct-to destination is selected, departures are offered for the nearest airport.)

Figure 6-2 Approach Window

4) A second window appears listing the available

transitions (Figure 6-3). Turn the large right knob to highlight the desired transition waypoint and press the ENT Key. (The approach ‘Vectors’ option assumes the pilot will receive vectors to the ﬁnal course segment of the approach and will provide navigation guidance relative to the ﬁnal approach course.)

Figure 6-1 Procedures Page

GNS 430 Pilot’s Guide and Reference

Figure 6-3 Transitions Window

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PROCEDURES

5) Turn the large right knob to highlight ‘Load?’ or ‘Activate?’ (approaches only) and press the ENT Key. (‘Load?’ adds the procedure to the ﬂight plan without immediately using it for navigation guidance. This allows the pilot to continue navigating the original ﬂight plan, but keeps the procedure available on the Active Flight Plan Page for quick activation when needed.)

6) For precision approaches and some nonprecision approaches, a reminder window appears indicating that GPS guidance on such approaches is strictly for monitoring only; use the VLOC receivers and external CDI (or HSI) for primary navigation. To conﬁrm this reminder, highlight ‘Yes?’ and press the

ENT Key.

Not all approaches in the database are approved for GPS use. When selecting an approach, a ‘GPS’ designation to the right of the procedure name (Figure 6-4) indicates the procedure can be ﬂown using the GPS receiver. Some procedures do not have this designation, meaning the GPS receiver may be used for supplemental navigation guidance only. ILS approaches, for example, must be ﬂown by tuning the VLOC receiver to the proper frequency and coupling the VLOC receiver to the external CDI (or HSI).

Once an approach is selected, it may be activated for navigation from the Procedures Page. Activating the approach overrides the ‘enroute’ portion of the active ﬂight plan, proceeding directly to the ‘approach’ portion (for a full approach, directly to the initial approach ﬁx). Activating the approach also initiates automatic CDI scaling transition as the approach progresses.

To activate an approach:

1) Press the

PROC Key to display the Procedures

Page (Figure 6-5).

2) Turn the large right knob to highlight ‘Activate Approach?’ (Figure 6-5) and press the ENT Key.

Figure 6-5 Procedures Page

6-2

Figure 6-4 ‘GPS’ Designations

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Another Procedures Page option allows the pilot to activate the ﬁnal course segment of the approach. This option assumes the pilot will receive vectors to the ﬁnal approach ﬁx (FAF) and provides guidance to intercept the ﬁnal course, before reaching the FAF.

To activate the approach, with vectors to ﬁnal:

1) Press the

PROC Key to display the Procedures

Page.

2) Turn the large right knob to highlight ‘Activate

Vector-To-Final?’ (Figure 6-6) and press the

ENT Key.

Figure 6-6 Procedures Page

In many cases, it may be easiest to ‘Load’ the full approach while still some distance away, enroute to the destination airport. Later, if vectored to ﬁnal, use the steps above to select ‘Activate Vector-To-Final’—which makes the inbound course to the FAF waypoint active. Otherwise, activate the full approach using the ‘Activate Approach?’ option.

6.2 NON-PRECISION APPROACH OPERATIONS

The GNS 430 provides non-precision approach guidance using its built-in GPS receiver. The GPS receiver can also be used as a supplemental aid for precision approaches, but the localizer and glideslope receivers must be used for primary approach course guidance.

Approaches designed speciﬁcally for GPS are often very simple and don’t require overﬂying a VOR or NDB. Many non-precision approaches have ‘GPS overlays’ to let the pilot ﬂy an existing procedure (VOR, VOR/DME, NDB, RNAV, etc.) more accurately using GPS.

Many overlay approaches are complex (in comparison to GPS-only approaches). The GNS 430 displays and provides guidance through each leg of the approach, automatically sequencing through each of these legs, up to the missed approach point (MAP). Approaches may be ﬂown ‘as published’ with the full transition using any published feeder route or initial approach ﬁx (IAF), or may be ﬂown with a vectors-to-ﬁnal transition.

NOTE: The following approach examples are

intended for instructional use only and are not to be used for navigation.

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PROCEDURES

‘Select’ and ‘Load’ the ap-

proach

Figure 6-7 Sample Approach

Select Destination

‘Activate’ the ap-

DO NOT USE FOR

NAVIGATION

proach

4) ‘Activate’ the full approach or vectors-to-ﬁnal, as appropriate. In some scenarios, it may be more convenient to immediately activate the approach and skip the ‘Load’ process outlined in the preceding step 3. The GNS 430 provides both options.

Approaches with Procedure Turns

The procedure turn portion of an approach is stored as one of the legs of the approach. For this reason, the GNS 430 requires no special operations from the pilot (other than ﬂying the procedure turn itself) beyond what is required for any other type of approach.

Lynchburg (VA) Regional

VOR or GPS Rwy 03







6-4

Approach operations on the GNS 430 typically begin with the same basic steps (refer to Figure 6-7 for the following steps):

1) Select the destination airport using the Directto Key, or as the last waypoint in the active

ﬂight plan.

2) Choose the ‘Select Approach?’ option from the Procedures Page (Section 6.1) or from the Active Flight Plan Page Menu (Section 5.2, Active Flight Plan Options).

3) ‘Load’ the approach (often while enroute) in anticipation of its future use. This places the approach in the active ﬂight plan, but retains course guidance in the enroute section until the approach is ‘activated’.

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Figure 6-8 Sample Approach with Procedure Turn

This example uses the VOR Runway 03 approach for Lynchburg (Virginia) Regional Airport, KLYH, and assumes a departure from Frederick (Maryland) Municipal Airport, KFDK.

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PROCEDURES

The steps required to set up and ﬂy the approach are detailed below (refer to Figure 6-8 for the following steps):

1) Prior to departing KFDK, the destination (KLYH)

is selected using the Direct-to Key or by creating a ﬂight plan terminating at Lynchburg Regional.

2) While enroute to KLYH, select the ATIS frequency from the list on the NAV/COM Page (Section 3.6 and Figure 6-9) and place it in the standby ﬁeld of the COM Window. Use the COM Flip-ﬂop Key to make the ATIS frequency active.

Figure 6-9 NAV/COM Page

3) Press the PROC Key (Figure 6-10) and select

the ‘VOR 03’ approach using the steps outlined in Section 6.1. From the Transitions Window (Figure 6-11), select LYH VOR (the IAF). Also, select ‘Load?’ to load, but not activate, the approach.

Figure 6-10 Procedures Page

Figure 6-11 Approach and Transitions Windows

4) Press the PROC Key, select ‘Activate Approach?’ and press the ENT Key to activate the approach.

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Flying the Procedure Turn







DO NOT USE FOR

NAVIGATION



Figure 6-13 CDI Scale at 1.0 nm

2) Several miles prior to reaching the IAF (LYH), the pilot may wish to review the approach sequence. Press the FPL Key to display the Active Flight Plan Page. Press the small right knob, and then turn the large right knob to review each segment of the approach (Figure 6-14). When ﬁnished, press the FPL Key again to return to the previous page.

6-6

Figure 6-12 Sample Approach with Procedure Turn

Refer to Figure 6-12 for the following steps:

1) Within 30 nm of the destination airport, the GNS 430 switches from ‘enroute’ mode to ‘terminal’ mode (as indicated in the lower left corner of the screen). The switch to terminal mode is accompanied by a gradual Course Deviation Indicator (CDI) scale transition from

5.0 to 1.0 nm, full scale deﬂection (Figure 6-13).

GNS 430 Pilot’s Guide and Reference

Figure 6-14 Active Flight Plan Page

3) When approaching the IAF (LYH), a waypoint alert (‘NEXT DTK 205°’) appears in the lower right corner of the screen (Figure 6-15). As the distance (DIS) to the IAF approaches zero, the alert is replaced by a turn advisory (‘TURN TO 205°’). Dial the outbound course of 205° into the CDI (or HSI) using the OBS knob.

Figure 6-15 Waypoint Alert

4) Fly the outbound course.

5) Approximately one minute after passing the FAF (LYH), the alert message ‘START PROC TRN’ appears in the lower right corner of the screen. Initiate the procedure turn at any time after receiving this alert message.

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Refer to Figure 6-16 for the following steps:

6) Course guidance is provided relative to the outbound leg from the FAF. No guidance through the procedure turn itself is given. (The procedure turn is displayed on the Map Page and indicated as the active leg on the Default NAV Page and the Active Flight Plan Page.) The CDI needle starts moving to the right.

7) When turning to intercept the inbound course, the GNS 430 sequences to the inbound leg to the FAF, the CDI needle swings to the opposite side to provide proper sensing along the ﬁnal course segment and ‘NEXT DTK 025°’ appears in the lower right corner of the screen (Figure 6-17).











Figure 6-16 Terminal Mode

Figure 6-17 Sequence to Inbound Leg

8) Turn to the ﬁnal approach course.

9) Within 2.0 nm of the FAF (LYH), the GNS 430 switches from terminal mode to ‘approach’ mode. CDI scaling is tightened from 1.0 to

0.3 nm, full scale deﬂection.

10) When approaching the FAF, a waypoint alert (‘NEXT DTK 026°’) appears in the lower right corner. Make any course adjustments necessary for the ﬁnal course segment (FAF to MAP).

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11) After crossing the FAF, the destination sequences to the MAP (‘RW03’, the runway threshold, see Figure 6-18). Fly toward the MAP.

Figure 6-18 Sequence to MAP

NOTE: When viewing the Map Page, note that

the ﬁnal course segment is displayed in magenta (the active leg of the ﬂight plan always appears in magenta) and a dashed line extends the course beyond the MAP. The dashed line is provided for situational awareness only and should NOT be used for navigation. Follow the published missed approach procedures.

12) When approaching the MAP, a waypoint alert (‘APPRCHING WPT’) appears in the lower right corner.

Figure 6-19 ‘SUSP’ Annunciation

Flying the Missed Approach

After passing the MAP, if the runway isn’t in sight the pilot must execute a missed approach. The GNS 430 continues to give guidance along an extension of the ﬁnal course segment (FAF to MAP) until the pilot manually initiates the missed approach procedure (as mentioned previously in reference to the ‘SUSP’ advisory).









6-8

13) After crossing the MAP, ‘SUSP’ appears above

the OBS Key (Figure 6-19), indicating that automatic sequencing of approach waypoints is suspended at the MAP. A ‘from’ indication is displayed on the CDI and Default NAV Page, but course guidance along the ﬁnal approach course continues. If a missed approach is required, use the OBS Key to initiate the missed approach sequence, as outlined, beginning on the following page.

GNS 430 Pilot’s Guide and Reference

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NAVIGATION

Figure 6-20 Sequence to MAP

The OBS Key is used to initiate the missed approach, as follows (refer to Figure 6-20 for the following steps):

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PROCEDURES

1) Press the OBS Key. The missed approach

holding point (MAHP; in this case ‘SWARM’ intersection) is automatically offered as the destination waypoint (Figure 6-21).

Figure 6-21 Missed Approach Holding Point

NOTE: In some cases, an additional hold

waypoint is added to the missed approach sequence. This additional waypoint is used as an aid in establishing the holding pattern, especially where the MAP and MAHP are the same waypoint.

2) Follow the missed approach procedures, as published on the approach plate, for proper climb and heading instructions. The GNS 430 guides the pilot to the holding pattern, along the 053° radial from LYH VOR.

3) An alert message in the lower right-hand corner of the screen recommends entry procedures for the holding pattern (i.e., ‘HOLD DIRECT’, ‘HOLD PARALLEL’, or ‘HOLD TEARDROP’, see Figure 6-22). When ﬂying the holding pattern, a timer appears on the Default NAV Page (Figure 6-23). The timer automatically resets on the outbound side of the hold when the aircraft is abeam the hold waypoint. The timer again resets as the aircraft turns inbound (within approximately

30° of the inbound course). This allows the pilot to use standard timing (typically one minute) to ﬂy the inbound and outbound legs of the hold.

Figure 6-22 ‘Hold Teardrop’ Annunciation

Figure 6-23 Hold Timer

4) The GNS 430 provides course guidance only on the inbound side of the holding pattern. When leaving the holding pattern to re-ﬂy the approach (or another approach) press the PROC Key to ‘Select Approach?’ or ‘Activate Approach?’ as previously described. (Or, use the Direct-to Key to select another destination.)

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Flying an Approach with a Hold

Starting where the previous example left off, assume weather conditions resulted in a missed approach at Lynchburg Regional. The pilot has decided to divert to Farmville Regional (KFVX) instead (refer to Figure 6-24 for the following steps).

 





DO NOT USE FOR

NAVIGATION

Figure 6-24 Approach with Hold

3) Press the ENT Key twice.

This time, the pilot selects the GPS runway 21 approach into Farmville Regional. The GPS runway 21 approach begins with a holding pattern at the IAF, BODRY intersection.

4) Press the PROC Key and select the ‘GPS 21’

approach. (Figure 6-26, also Section 6.1 for additional instructions.)

Figure 6-26 Approach Window

5) From the Transitions Window, select BODRY intersection as the IAF (Figure 6-27). Also, select ‘Activate?’ to load and activate the approach.

6-10

1) Press the Direct-to Key.

2) Use the small and large

right knobs to enter

the destination airport’s identifier (KFVX) (Figure 6-25).

Figure 6-25 Select Direct-To Waypoint Page

GNS 430 Pilot’s Guide and Reference

Figure 6-27 TRANS ‘Transitions’ Window

6) Once the approach has been activated, the Active Flight Plan Page appears (Figure 6-28). The pilot may review the approach sequence by pressing the small right knob and turning the large right knob. Press the FPL Key to return to the navigation pages.

Figure 6-28 Active Flight Plan Page

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PROCEDURES

holding pattern entry (Figure 6-30). (‘HOLD DIRECT’ or ‘HOLD PARALLEL’ may be offered on other similar approaches.)





Figure 6-29 Terminal Mode

Refer to Figure 6-29 for the following steps.

7) As in the last example, within 30 nm of the airport, the GNS 430 switches from enroute to terminal mode, and the CDI scale transitions from 5.0 to 1.0 nm, full scale deﬂection.

8) Just prior to crossing BODRY intersection, a ’HOLD TEARDROP’ alert appears in the lower right corner of the screen to suggest the proper





DO NOT USE FOR

NAVIGATION

Figure 6-30 ‘HOLD TEARDROP’ Annunciation

9) As mentioned in the missed approach example, the Default NAV Page displays a timer during the holding pattern (Figure 6-31). The timer can be used to ﬂy the one minute outbound portion of the holding pattern. (The holding pattern is displayed on the Map Page and indicated as the active leg on the Default NAV Page and the Active Flight Plan Page.)

Figure 6-31 Default NAV Page

10) When crossing the IAF, ‘SUSP’ appears above the OBS Key (Figure 6-31), indicating that automatic sequencing of approach waypoints is temporarily suspended. As the aircraft turns inbound, ‘SUSP’ is cancelled and the GNS 430 returns to automatic sequencing.

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PROCEDURES

NOTE: If the pilot needs to lose extra altitude

or speed by going around the holding pattern again, press the OBS Key to manually suspend waypoint sequencing BEFORE crossing the holding waypoint the second time. If this waypoint has already been passed, re-activate the holding pattern using the steps described in Section 5.2.

DO NOT USE FOR

NAVIGATION

Refer to Figure 6-32 for the following steps.

11) When approaching BODRY intersection, a waypoint alert (’NEXT DTK 209°’) appears in the lower right corner of the screen (Figure 6-33).

Figure 6-33 Waypoint Alert

12) At 2.0 nm from the FAF (DEPOY intersection), the GNS 430 switches from terminal mode to approach mode. CDI scaling is tightened from

1.0 to 0.3 nm, full scale deﬂection.

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Figure 6-32 Approach Mode

GNS 430 Pilot’s Guide and Reference

SECTION 6

PROCEDURES

13) When approaching the FAF, a waypoint alert (‘NEXT DTK 209°’) appears in the lower right corner (Figure 6-34). Make any course adjustments necessary for the ﬁnal course segment (FAF to MAP).

Figure 6-34 Final Approach

14) After crossing the FAF, the destination sequences to the MAP (‘RW21’, the runway threshold). With the needle centered, ﬂy toward the MAP, observing the altitude minimums dictated by the approach plate. When viewing the Map Page, note that the ﬁnal course segment is displayed in magenta, (the active leg of the ﬂight plan always appears in magenta) and a dashed line extends the course beyond the MAP. Do not follow this extended course. Instead, follow published missed approach procedures.

15) When approaching the MAP, a waypoint alert (‘APPRCHING WPT’) appears in the lower right corner.

16) After crossing the MAP, ‘SUSP’ appears above the OBS Key (Figure 6-35), indicating that automatic sequencing of approach waypoints is suspended at the MAP. A ‘from’ indication is displayed on the CDI and Default NAV Page, but course guidance along the ﬁnal approach course continues. If a missed approach is required, use the OBS Key to initiate the missed approach sequence, as outlined in this section.

Figure 6-35 Missed Approach

GNS 430 Pilot’s Guide and Reference

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SECTION 6

PROCEDURES

Flying a DME Arc Approach

The GPS overlay for a DME arc approach uses additional Jeppesen-provided waypoints to deﬁne the arc. These waypoints are indicated by ‘D’ as the ﬁrst letter in the waypoint name. This is followed by three numbers which indicate the radial the waypoint lies on. The last letter indicates the radius of the arc.

Either of the following may be done to intercept the arc for a DME arc approach:

• Follow a speciﬁed radial inbound to intercept the IAF.

• Follow ATC vectors which allow the pilot to intercept the arc at any point along the arc.

DO NOT USE FOR

NAVIGATION





This example is based upon a ﬂight from Hutchinson (Kansas) Municipal (KHUT) to Billard Municipal (KTOP) in Topeka, Kansas. The VOR/DME runway 22 approach is selected, along with ‘D258G’ as the IAF (refer to Figure 6-36 for the following steps).

1) Select Billard Municipal (KTOP) as the

destination via the Direct-to Key or as the last waypoint in a ﬂight plan (Figure 6-37).

Figure 6-37 Select Waypoint Page

2) Press the PROC Key (Figure 6-38) and select

the ‘VOR 22’ approach (Figure 6-39) using the steps outlined in Section 6.1. From the Transitions Window, select ‘D258G’ as the IAF. Also, select ‘Load?’ (or ‘Activate?’, if already cleared for the approach).

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Figure 6-36 Enroute Mode

NOTE: As this manual was being written, the

letter/number DME arc names were being replaced with standard ﬁve-letter intersection names. Either naming convention may be used for an approach.

GNS 430 Pilot’s Guide and Reference

Figure 6-38 Procedures Page

SECTION 6

PROCEDURES

Figure 6-39 Approach Window

DO NOT USE FOR

NAVIGATION













Billard Muni (Topeka, KS)

VOR or GPS Rwy 22

Figure 6-40 Terminal Mode

Refer to Figure 6-40 for the following steps.

3) Within 30 nm of KTOP, the GNS 430 switches from enroute mode to terminal mode and the CDI scale transitions from 5.0 to 1.0 nm, full scale deﬂection.

Figure 6-41 Procedures Page

5) When approaching the IAF (D258G), a waypoint alert (‘NEXT DTK 353°’) appears in the lower right corner of the screen (Figure 6-42). As the distance (DIS) to the IAF approaches zero, the alert is replaced by a turn advisory (‘TURN TO 353°’).

Figure 6-42 Waypoint Alert

6) Follow the arc, when the course select setting and desired track differ by more than 10°, a ‘Set course to ###°’ message appears on the Message Page.

4) If the approach has not yet been activated (in step 2 above), do so when cleared for the approach (Figure 6-41).

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7) The next point in the approach is an intermediate ﬁx, labeled ‘D025G’. When approaching this intermediate ﬁx, a waypoint alert (‘NEXT DTK 205°’) appears in the lower right corner of the screen (Figure 6-43). As the distance to this ﬁx approaches zero, the alert is replaced by a turn advisory (‘TURN TO 205°’). Dial this course into the CDI (or HSI) using the OBS knob.

Figure 6-43 Intermediate Approach Fix

8) At 2.0 nm from the FAF (TOP VOR), the GNS 430 switches from terminal mode to approach mode. CDI scaling is tightened from 1.0 to 0.3 nm, full scale deﬂection.

Refer to Figure 6-44 for the following steps.

DO NOT USE FOR

NAVIGATION





Figure 6-44 Approach Mode

9) When approaching the FAF, ‘NEXT DTK 214°’ appears in the lower right corner of the screen (Figure 6-45). Select this course on the CDI (or HSI) using the OBS knob.

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Figure 6-45 Final Approach Fix

GNS 430 Pilot’s Guide and Reference

10) After crossing the FAF, the destination sequences to the MAP (‘RW22’, the runway threshold). With the needle centered, fly toward the MAP, observing the altitude minimums dictated by the approach plate. When viewing the Map Page, note that the ﬁnal course segment is displayed in magenta (the active leg of the ﬂight plan always appears in magenta) and a dashed line extends the course beyond the MAP (Figure 6-46).

SECTION 6

PROCEDURES

Figure 6-47 ‘SUSP’ Annunciation

Vectors to Final

Take a second look at the ‘VOR 22’ approach into Billard Municipal. Instead of following the DME arc, ATC tells the pilot to expect vectors onto the ﬁnal approach course. There are several ways to select ‘vectors to ﬁnal’ with the GNS 430. The ﬁrst two options below normally require the least workload to accomplish:

Figure 6-46 Final Course Segment

11) When approaching the MAP, a waypoint alert (‘APPRCHING WPT’) appears in the lower right corner.

12) Afer crossing the MAP, ‘SUSP’ appears above the OBS Key (Figure 6-47), indicating that automatic sequencing of approach waypoints is suspended at the MAP. A ‘from’ indication is displayed on the CDI and Default NAV Page, but course guidance along the ﬁnal approach course continues. Do not follow this extended course. Follow published missed approach procedures using the

OBS Key to initiate the

missed approach sequence, as outlined in ‘Flying the Missed Approach’ in this section.

• When the approach is ﬁrst selected, choose ‘VECTORS’ from the Transitions Window.

• Load a full approach (including the IAF from the Transitions Window) as described in Section 6.1. When cleared, press the

PROC Key and select

‘Activate Vectors-To-Final?’.

• Load the full approach as described in Section

6.1. Use the Direct-to Key (by pressing it twice) from the Active Flight Plan Page to select the desired leg of the approach.

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PROCEDURES

To select ‘VECTORS’ from the Transitions Window:

1) Select Billard Municipal (KTOP) as the

destination, using the Direct-to Key, or as the last waypoint in a ﬂight plan.

2) Press the

PROC Key and select the ‘VOR 22’

approach using the steps outlined in Section

6.1.

3) From the Transitions Window, select ‘VECTORS’ (Figure 6-48).

Figure 6-48 Transitions Window

4) Select ‘Load?’ (or ‘Activate?’, if already cleared for the approach).

To activate vectors-to-ﬁnal from the Procedures Page:

1) Select Billard Municipal (KTOP) as the destination, using the Direct-to Key or as the last waypoint in a ﬂight plan.

2) Press the

PROC Key and select the ‘VOR 22’

approach using the steps outlined in Section

6.1.

3) From the Transitions Window, select ‘D258G’ as the IAF (Figure 6-49). Also, select ‘Load?’.

Figure 6-49 Transitions Window

4) When cleared, press the PROC Key and select ‘Activate Vector-To-Final?’ (Figure 6-50).

Figure 6-50 Procedures Page

Flying the Vectors Approach

With ‘vectors to ﬁnal’ selected, the CDI needle remains off center until the aircraft is established on the ﬁnal approach course. With the approach activated, the Map Page displays an extension of the ﬁnal approach course in magenta (magenta is used to depict the active leg of the ﬂight plan) and ‘VTF’ appears as part of the active leg on the Default NAV Page (as a reminder that the approach was activated with vectors-to-ﬁnal).

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GNS 430 Pilot’s Guide and Reference

Garmin GNS 430, GNS 430A Pilot’s Guide and Reference

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual

SECTION 1: INTRODUCTION

1.2 KEY AND KNOB FUNCTIONS

1.3 TAKEOFF TOUR

SECTION 2: COM

SECTION 3: NAV PAGES

3.1 MAIN PAGE GROUPS

3.2 NAV PAGE GROUP

3.3 DEFAULT NAV PAGE

3.4 MAP PAGE

3.5 TERRAIN PAGE

3.6 NAV/COM PAGE

3.7 POSITION PAGE

3.8 SATELLITE STATUS PAGE

3.9 VERTICAL NAVIGATION PAGE

4.1 OVERVIEW

SECTION 5: FLIGHT PLANS

5.1 FLIGHT PLAN CATALOG PAGE

5.2 ACTIVE FLIGHT PLAN PAGE

SECTION 6: PROCEDURES

6.2 NON-PRECISION APPROACH OPERATIONS