Garmin 128, 126 User Manual

GPS 126/128

ZOOM

Marine

Navigator

GPS 126 shown

Owner’s Manual

&

Reference

®

Software Version 2.0 or above
© 1997 GARMIN International, Inc

1200 E. 151st Street, Olathe, KS USA 66062
Tel: [phone] or 800-800-1020
Fax: [phone]
Web Site Address: www.garmin.com

GARMIN (Europe) Ltd.
Unit 5,
The Quadrangle, Abbey Park Industrial Estate,
Romsey, SO51 9AQ, U.K.
Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]

GARMIN (Asia) Corp.
4th Fl., No. 1., Lane 45,
Pao-Hsing Road,
Hsin Tein,
Taiwan R.O.C.
Phone: [phone]
Fax: [phone]

All rights reserved. No part of this manual may be reproduced or transmitted in any
form or by any means, electronic or manual, including photocopying and recording, for
any purpose without the express written permission of GARMIN.

Information in this document is subject to change without notice. GARMIN reserves
the right to change or improve its products and to make changes in the content without
obligation to notify any person or organization of such changes or improvements.

GARMIN, AutoLocate,TracBack, and are all trademarks of GARMIN International
and may not be used without the expressed permission of GARMIN.

January 1998 - Part #190-00151-00 Rev. A - Printed in Taiwan.

i

INTRODUCTION

GPS 126/128

OWNER’S

Packing List

MANUAL

Welcome to the easiest-to-use fixed-mount GPS on the water! The GPS
126 and GPS 128 represent GARMIN’s continuing commitment to provide
mariners with quality navigation information in a versatile, accurate, and
user-friendly design which will be useful for years to come. Due to the simi­larity between the GPS 126 and GPS 128, we have addressed both units in
one manual. This manual is organized into four sections for your conve­nience:

Introduction gives a quick overview of the manual and contains the
table of contents and glossary of navigation terms.

Getting Started introduces you to the basic features of the unit with a
quick-start orientation to the GPS 126/128. This section has been designed to
acquaint you with the unit and provide a basic working knowledge necessary
to use the unit in typical conditions.

Reference provides detailed explanations of advanced features and oper­ations in a topical format. This allows you to concentrate on a specific topic
quickly, without reading through sections of text that you may not need.

The Appendix section contains step by step instructions on how to ini­tialize the unit for first time use, installation instructions and items with mul­tiple listings, such as: map datums, time offsets, and the index.

Packing List

Before getting started with your GPS receiver, check to see that your
GARMIN GPS 126/128 package contains the following items. If you are miss­ing any parts, please contact your dealer immediately.

Standard Package:

• GPS 126/128 Unit • Mounting Bracket with knobs

• Power/Data Cable • Owner’s Manual

• Quick Reference Guide

* The GPS 128 also comes with an external antenna with 30’ cable.

See your GARMIN dealer for accessories, including our PC kit.

Thanks for choosing the GARMIN GPS 126/128. We hope it will meet all
of your navigation needs.

ii

INTRODUCTION

Caution

The GPS system is operated by the government of the United States,
which is solely responsible for its accuracy and maintenance. The system is
subject to changes which could affect the accuracy and performance of all
GPS equipment. Although the GPS 126/128 is a precision electronic
NAVigation AID (NAVAID), any NAVAID can be misused or misinterpreted
and, therefore, become unsafe.

Use the GPS 126/128 at your own risk. To reduce the risk of unsafe
operation, carefully review and understand all aspects of this Operator’s
Manual and thoroughly practice operation using the simulator mode prior to
actual use. When in actual use, carefully compare indications from the GPS
126/128 to all available navigation sources including the information from
other NAVAIDs, visual sightings, maps, etc. For safety, always resolve any dis­crepancies before continuing navigation.

NOTE: This device meets requirements for Part 15 of the FCC limits for
Class B digital devices for home or office use. It has been tested for compli­ance with all necessary FCC standards. This equipment generates, uses, and
can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accor­dance with the instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio commu­nications. However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a
particular installation. If this equipment does cause harmful interference to
other equipment, which can be determined by turning the equipment off and
on, the user is encouraged to try and correct the interference by relocating the
equipment or connecting the equipment to a different circuit than the affected
equipment. Consult an authorized dealer or other qualified service technician
for additional help if these remedies do not correct the problem. Operation is
subject to the following conditions: (1) This device cannot cause harmful
interference, and (2) this device must accept any interference received,
including interference that may cause undesired operation. The GPS 126/128
does not contain any user-serviceable parts. Repairs should only be made by
an authorized service center. Unauthorized repairs or modifications could
void your warranty and your authority to operate this device under Part 15
regulations.

iii

INTRODUCTION

Table of

Contents

SECTION ONE Introduction

Glossary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1

Navigation Basics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4

SECTION TWO Getting Started

Keypad Usage & Data Entry . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5

Primary Pages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6

Power On & Marking a Position . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8

Position Page and Map Pages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9

Going to a Waypoint . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11

Compass Page & Cancelling A GOTO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12

Clearing the Map Display, Adjusting Contrast, & Power Off . . . . . . . .13

SECTION THREE Reference

Satellite Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14

Backlighting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15

Position Page & User Selectable Fields . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16

Marking a Position & Position Averaging Function . . . . . . . . . . . .18, 19

Waypoint Pages & Managing Waypoints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19

TracBack Navigation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26

Creating and Using Routes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30

Using the Compass & Highway Pages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33

Map Page, Zooming, & Panning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .37, 38

Map Page & Track Log Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .39, 40

Menu Page & Distance/Sun Calculation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .43

System Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .46

Navigation Setup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .47

Interface Setup & DGPS Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .44, 45

Navigation Simulator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .51

Appendix A––Initialization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .52

Appendix B—Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .54

Appendix C—Specifications & Wiring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .58

Appendix D—Messages and Time Offsets . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .60

Appendix E––Map Datums . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .62

Appendix F––Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .64

1

INTRODUCTION

Glossary

The GPS 126/128 is a powerful navigation tool that can guide you any­where in the world. To better understand its operation and capabilities, it may
be helpful to review the basic terms and concepts briefly explained below.

Other navigation and GPS definitions used in the manual are defined in the
appropriate reference sections of the manual.

Almanac Data

Satellite constellation information (including location and health of satel­lites) that is transmitted to your receiver from every GPS satellite. Almanac data
must be acquired before GPS navigation can begin.

Bearing

The compass direction from your position to a destination.

Course Made Good (CMG)

The bearing from the “active from” position (your starting point) to your
present position.

Crosstrack Error (XTK)

The distance you are off a desired course in either direction.

Desired Track (DTK)

The compass course between the “from” and “to” waypoints.

Differential GPS (DGPS)

An extension of the GPS system that uses land-based radio beacons to
transmit position corrections to GPS receivers.

Estimated Time of Arrival (ETA)

The time of day of your arrival at a destination.

Estimated Time Enroute (ETE)

The time left to your destination at your present speed.

2

INTRODUCTION

Glossary

Grid

Coordinate system that projects the earth on a flat surface, using square
zones for position measurements. UTM/UPS and Maidenhead formats are grid
systems.

Ground Speed

The velocity you are traveling relative to a ground position.

Latitude

The north/south measurement of position perpendicular to the earth’s
polar axis.

Longitude

An east/west measurement of position in relation to the Prime Meridian,
an imaginary circle that passes through the north and south poles.

Navigation

The process of traveling from one place to another and knowing where
you are in relation to your desired course.

Position

An exact, unique location based on a geographic coordinate system.

Track (TRK)

The direction of movement relative to a ground position.

Universal Transverse Mercator (UTM)

A grid coordinate system that projects global sections onto a flat surface to
measure position in specific zones.

Velocity Made Good (VMG)

The speed you are traveling in the direction of the destination.

Waypoint

A specific location saved in the receiver’s memory.

3

INTRODUCTION

NORTH

“ACTIVE FROM”

WAYPOINT

NORTH

DTK

CROSSTRACK ERROR

BRG

TRK

GROUND SPEED

DISTANCE

“ACTIVE TO”

WAYPOINT

“ACTIVE LEG”

Navigation

Basics

The GPS 126/128 provides steering guidance and navi­gation information using degrees, a measurement measured
in a clockwise direction from a north reference. North is
described as 000º, east as 090º, south as 180º, and west as
270º. The diagram and compass rose below provide a graphic
illustration of the navigation terms used by the GPS 126/128.
More information on basic navigation and GPS are available
at your local library or bookstore.

4

P

J

M

Turns the unit on and off and
activates screen backlighting.

Scrolls through the main data
pages in sequence and returns
display from a submenu page
to the main page.

Captures a position and dis­plays the mark position page.

INTRODUCTION

Keypad Usage

and Data Entry

G

F

Q

B

I

H

UD

Displays the GOTO page with
the waypoint highlighted for
GOTO operation.

Confirms data entry and
activates highlighted fields
to allow data entry.

Returns the display to a previ­ous page, or restores a data
field’s previous value.

Marks your present GPS posi­tion and instantly sets a return
course while providing steer­ing guidance.

Decreases the scale of the
moving map.

Increases the scale of the
moving map.

Selects alphanumerical
characters and menu choices
and moves the field highlight
from field to field.

DATA ENTRY

The arrow keypad is
used for all data entry.
Use the

U and D

keys to select letters,
numbers, and menu
options; use the

R keys to move the cur-

sor forward or back­ward along the line.
Press
your entry.

L and

F to confirm

LR

Moves the selected character
field and moves the field
highlight from field to field.

5

INTRODUCTION

Primary Pages

Satellite Page

The Satellite Page will
allow you to monitor
satellite signal reception
and strength.

Primary Pages

Before we start the tour, let’s briefly look at the five
primary information pages used for the GPS 126/128.
To switch between pages press either the
keys (see below).

Q

or

J

J

Q

Satellite Page

The Satellite Page shows satellite positions and
signal strength. Satellite positions are displayed using
two circles and a center point. The outer circle shows
satellites on level with the horizon; the inner circle is
45º above the horizon; and the center point represents
satellites directly overhead. Knowing satellite positions
will show you the direction of any blocked signals.

The bottom of the page contains a row of signal
strength bars corresponding to each satellite being used.

Position Page

The Position Page shows you where you are, what
direction you’re heading, and how fast you’re going.

The top of the page contains a compass tape which
is a graphic representation of your heading.

Position Page

6

The graphic compass tape reflects your head-

!

ing only while you are moving.

#

Your track and speed are indicated immediately
below. Underneath are two user-selectable fields for a
variety of data. The current position is displayed in lati­tude and longitude or a user selectable grid format. A
12/24 hour clock is also provided.

Map Page

The Map Page acts as a window. It allows you to
view your position, the “path” you have traveled over,
and nearby waypoints.

A diamond icon in the center of the screen repre­sents your current position. As you move, you will see a
thin line called a track log appear along the path you

have just covered. Names of stored waypoints and
waypoint symbols can also be shown on the map.

The bottom corners of the screen always display
your current track and speed. When going to a way­point, highlighting an on-screen waypoint, or using the
panning target crosshair, the corresponding distance
and bearing are shown at the top corners of the screen.

Navigation Page

A navigation page gives you steering guidance when
going to a waypoint. The GPS 126/128 has two naviga­tion page choices: the Highway Page and the Compass
Page. The Highway Page is the default and will be
briefly explained here. The Compass Page is covered on
page 36.

The Highway Page uses a graphic highway to show
your movement in relation to your desired course. The
upper section shows bearing and distance to the way­point and your current track and speed. The middle
portion contains the actual highway. The highway indi­cates the crosstrack error, or distance and direction,
your are off-course from your waypoint. Always turn in
the direction the highway is pointing. For example, if
the highway points straight up, no turn is needed. If the
highway points right, you need to turn right until the
highway points straight up. The pointer just below the
CDI scale always points to your selected waypoint, rela­tive to the direction you are moving. The remainder of
the page contains two user-selectable fields.

Menu Page

The last primary page is the Menu Page. The Menu
Page gives you access to the GPS 126/128’s waypoint
management, route, and setup features through a list of
submenus. The Menu Page is covered on page 43.

INTRODUCTION

Primary Pages

Map Page

The Map Page shows your
progress on a moving track
plotter and gives you a
bird’s-eye-view of sur­rounding waypoints.

Highway Page

With the Highway Page,
you will get graphic steer­ing guidance when navigat­ing a route or going to a
single waypoint.

7

GETTING

STARTED

Power On &

Marking a

Position

The Welcome Page will
be shown while the unit
conducts a self test.

Getting Started Tour

Now that you are familiar with the primary pages,
it’s time to take a tour. This is a live tour and is to be
conducted with your unit installed and with the boat in
the water. The tour will take you through the receiver’s
basic features and functions as you move about on the
water and assumes that the GPS 126/128 is turned on
and initialized, (see page 52 for initialization proce­dure) and that you have not changed any of the factory
settings (units of measure, selectable fields, etc.). If
these settings have been changed, the pictures and
descriptions in this manual may not match what you
see on your screen.

Navigation Simulator

If you are not able to take the Getting Started Tour
with your boat in the water, you may use the built-in
navigation simulator to practice using the GPS
126/128. To use the simulator, see page 51.

Marking a Position

To begin the tour, let’s take the position you have
acquired (either by just initializing the unit or by hav­ing turned the unit on) and mark it as a waypoint for
future reference.

Press the UP arrow to
move forward through the
alphabet or numbers and
the DOWN arrow to
move backward.

8

1. Press the Mkey to capture and hold your position.

To mark a position, you must have obtained a

!

#

2D or 3D fix, or have the receiver in simulator
mode. If you try to mark a position without a
position fix, you will be alerted with a ‘No GPS
Position’ message.

The mark position page will appear, showing the
captured position and a default 3-digit waypoint name.
Let’s change the default name to something a little more
meaningful, like ‘DOCK’.

2. Press the down arrow once to move the field highlight
from the ‘SAVE?’ field to the name field.

3. Press Fto clear the default waypoint name.

GETTING

STARTED

4. Press and hold the
alphabet until the letter ‘D’ appears.

5. Press the
to the next character space.

6. Repeat steps 3 and 4 until the word ‘DOCK’ is dis­played.

7. Press

F

U

key to scroll through the

R

key once to move the character highlight

to complete entry of the name.

Each waypoint may also be assigned a custom way­point symbol for easy waypoint recognition on the map
page.

1. Press Fto activate the symbol menu.

2. Select the anchor symbol and press

3. Press the

4. Press

5. With the ‘SAVE?’ field highlighted, press
firm that you want to save the position as a waypoint
named ‘DOCK’.

key to highlight the ‘DONE?” field.

D

to confirm the selected symbol.

F

F

.

F

to con-

The mark position page will now be replaced by
the Position Page (or whatever page was displayed
prior to pressing the Mkey). The ‘DOCK’ waypoint
is now stored in the GPS 126/128’s memory, and will
remain there until you manually remove it or clear the
receiver’s memory. For more on waypoint management,
see pages 19-24.

Position and

Map Pages

The arrow keypad is used
for all data entry. Use the
UP and DOWN keys to
select letters, numbers, or
menu options, and use the
LEFT and RIGHT keys to
move the cursor forward or
backward along the line.

Using the Position and Map Pages

Now that you’ve marked a position, let’s see how
the Position and Map Pages can be used to monitor
your progress as you head out into the open water.

As always, ensure your primary focus is on

!

boating traffic and monitor the GPS126/128

#

briefly when operating your boat.

Position Page

9

GETTING

STARTED

Using the Position and Map Pages (cont.)

Position and

Map Pages

The Map Page displays
your present position as a
diamond icon and provides
a real-time graphic “bread­crumb” display of your
track right on the screen.

As you head out, the Position Page will help you

monitor your movement.

Graphic

Track Over

Ground

User-

Selectable

Field

Position
Display

Compass Tape

Current Speed

User-

Selectable

Field

12/24 Hour

Time

The direction you are moving (your track) and your
speed are displayed on the upper part of the page, just
below the graphic compass tape. The latitude and longi­tude, along with two user-selectable displays, are con­tinuously displayed in the middle of the page, and the
time of day is displayed below.

Now let’s change the display to the Map Page and
watch the track log of our tour:

1. Press the Jkey to change from the Position Page
to the Map Page.

To view a larger area on the Map Page, let’s change

the zoom scale from .2 (default) to 1.0 nautical mile.

To select a larger zoom scale on the

Map Page:

The moving map’s default
screen orientation is track­up. “Track up” means that
your current direction of
travel is always up (or
towards the top of) the
screen. It can also be set for
north up, or desired track­up orientation through the
map setup page.

10

1. Press the Hkey until ‘1.0 n.m. zoom scale’ appears.

Your current position is shown as the diamond in
the middle of the screen. The dark circle below the dia­mond represents the position you created, with the line
between the two showing your track.

1. Once you have reached an area that allows for gener­al changes in direction without interfering in the pas­sage of other boats, mark your current position again
and name this waypoint “CHANNL”. (See ‘Marking a
Position’ on page 18.)

2. Next, make a moderate turn in any direction thats safe
for navigation and proceed for another 3 minutes.

Going To a Waypoint

Once you’ve stored the “CHANNL” waypoint in
memory, you can use the GPS 126/128 to guide you to
it by performing a simple GOTO. A GOTO is nothing
more than a straight-line course from your present posi­tion to the destination you’ve selected.

Use caution when navigating. A “straight-line”

!

#

course reflects the shortest distance to a waypoint,
and does not navigate around obstructions, such
as land or buoys, etc.

Now that you have moved away from ‘CHANNL’ for
three minutes, let’s try navigating back to it.

GETTING

STARTED

Going To a

Waypoint

To select a GOTO destination:

1. Press the Gkey.

2. The GOTO waypoint page will appear, displaying all the
waypoints in memory in alphabetical order.

3. Use

U

or Dto highlight the ‘CHANNL’ waypoint.

4. Press the
gate to the displayed waypoint.

5. Press the

Bearing to

Waypoint

Track Over

Ground

Destination

Waypoint

“Finish Line”

Directional

Pointer

key to confirm that you want to navi-

F

key to view the Graphic Highway Page.

J

Destination Waypoint

User-

Selectable

Fields

Distance to

Waypoint

Speed Over

Ground

CDI Scale

Your Relative

Position

The GOTO waypoint page
allows you to select your
destination from a list of all
available waypoints in the
GPS 126/128’s memory.

Once a GOTO is activated,
the GPS 126/128 will
provid steering guidance
until the GOTO is can­celled. To cancel a GOTO,
highlight the cancel prompt
at the bottom of the page
and press ENTER.

11

REFERENCE

GOTO Waypoint

& Cancelling

GOTO

The 126/128 will also pro­vide steering guidance with
a graphic Compass Page.

To change the display from
the Highway Page, press
ENTER twice.

Going To a Waypoint (continued)

The GPS 126/128’s Highway Page provides graphic
steering guidance to a destination, with an emphasis on
a straight-line course to the desired waypoint and the
distance and direction you are off course. The bearing
and distance to a waypoint–along with your current
track and speed, are displayed at the top of the screen,
with two user-selectable fields shown at the bottom.

As you head toward your destination, the middle
section of the screen provides visual guidance to your
waypoint on a moving graphic “highway”. The pointer
just below the CDI scale always points to your selected
waypoint relative to the direction you are moving.

Your present position is represented by the diamond
in the center of the course deviation scale. The line
down the middle of the highway represents your
desired track. As you navigate toward a waypoint, the
highway will actually move, indicating the direction
you’re off course, relative to the position diamond on
the CDI scale. To stay on course, simply steer toward
the center of the highway.

While navigating, you may decide to use the
Compass Page (see picture above left) instead of the
Highway Page.

To select the Compass Page:

Once you reach the selected
distance from the destina­tion (based on your present
speed and course), an
arrival message will appear
on the message page.

12

1. While viewing the Highway Page, press Ftwice.

The Compass Page will now become the displayed
navigation page. This page provides a directional point­er to your destination by using a rotating compass dis­play to show direction of travel. It provides better steer­ing guidance at slower speeds for travel with many
directional changes.

To switch back to the Highway Page, press ENTER
twice.

Cancelling a GOTO

If you decide to stop navigating to the active way­point, all you have to do is cancel the GOTO.

To cancel an active GOTO:

1. Press the Gkey.

2. Use the arrow keypad to move the field highlight to
the ‘CANCEL GOTO?’ prompt at the bottom of the page
and press

F

.

Clearing a Cluttered Map Display

After you’ve used the GPS 126/128 for a few trips,
you may find that your map display has become a bit
messy from keeping track of your every move. For
practice, let’s clean up the screen by clearing the track
log (the plot points left on the Map Page) we’ve just
created during the Getting Started Tour.

REFERENCE

Clearing the

Map, Adjusting

Contrast, &

Power Off

1. Press Jor Quntil the Map Page appears and
press

2. Use the
‘TRACK SETUP’ option.

3. Press

4. Highlight the ‘CLEAR LOG?’ option. The clear log con­firmation page will appear.

5. Use the

6. Press

.

F

D

key to move the field highlight to the

to access the track setup page.

F

L

key to highlight the ‘Yes’ prompt.

to finish.

F

Adjusting the Contrast

You can adjust the screen contrast from the Satellite

Page and also from the Menu Page (see page 47)

To adjust the contrast from the Satellite Page:

1. Press the Jor Qkey until the Satellite Page
appears.

2. Press the arrow keypad left or right until the desired
level is reached, and press

F

.

Turning the Receiver Off

You’ve now gone through the basic operation of
your new GPS receiver. We encourage you to experi­ment with the GPS 126/128. If you encounter any
problems using the unit or want to take advantage of
the GPS 126/128’s more advanced features, refer to the
reference section of this manual.

To turn the GPS 126/128 off:

1. Press and hold the Pkey for 3 seconds.

Highlight the ‘CLEAR
LOG?’ prompt and press
ENTER to clear the track
log. Once all 1024 points
are used, the oldest point
will be continuously deleted
to make room for the latest
track log point.

Instantly change the screen
contrast by pressing the
arrow keypad while viewing
the Satellite Page.

13

REFERENCE

Satellite Page

Satellite Page

The GPS 126/128’s
Satellite Page will help
you determine which
satellites are in view, and
whether or not any satel­lites are being “shaded”
or blocked. (See satellites
07 and 19 above).

By periodically monitor­ing the signal strength
bars at the bottom of the
page and the north up
sky view, you will be able
to see how moving to
another area with a
clearer view of the sky
will improve satellite
reception and speed up
signal acquisition.

14

Status

Field

Horizontal
Accuracy

Skyview
Display

Signal Strength

Indicators

The GPS 126/128’s Satellite Page displays the status
of various receiver functions. The status information
will help you understand what the GPS 126/128 is
doing at any given time, and will tell you whether or
not the receiver has calculated a position fix.

Sky View and Signal Strength Bars

The sky view and signal strength bars give you an
indication of what satellites are visible to the receiver,
whether or not they are being used to calculate a posi­tion fix, and the signal quality. The satellite sky view
shows a bird’s-eye view of the position of each available
satellite relative to the unit’s last known position. The
outer circle represents the horizon (north or track up);
the inner circle 45º above the horizon; and the center
point directly overhead. You can use the sky view to
help determine if any satellites are being blocked, and
whether you have a current position fix (indicated by a
‘2D NAV’ or ‘3D NAV’ in the status field). You can also
set the sky view to a track-up configuration by changing
the “orientation” option on the Map Page. (See pg. 41
for Map Setup instructions.)

When the receiver is looking for a particular satel­lite, the corresponding signal strength bar will be blank
and the sky view indicator will be highlighted. Once the
receiver has found the satellite, a hollow signal strength
bar will appear, indicating that the satellite has been
found and the receiver is collecting data from it. The
satellite number in the sky view will no longer appear
highlighted. As soon as the GPS 126/128 has collected
the necessary data to calculate a fix, the status field will
indicate a 2D or 3D status.

Receiver Status and EPE

Receiver status is indicated at the top left of the
page, with the current horizontal accuracy (EPE, esti­mated position error, in feet or meters) at the top right.
The status will be shown as one of the following condi­tions:

Searching—

available satellites in view.

AutoLocate—

collecting new almanac data. This process can take

5 minutes, depending on the satellites currently in

view.

Acquiring—

available satellites, but has not collected enough

data to calculate a 2D fix.

2D Navigation—

good geometry have been locked onto and a 2-

dimensional position fix (latitude and longitude) is

being calculated. ‘2D Diff’ will appear when you are

receiving DGPS corrections in 2D mode.

3D Navigation—

geometry have been locked onto, and your position

is now being calculated in latitude, longitude and

altitude. ‘3D Diff’ will appear when you are receiving

DGPS corrections in 3D mode.

Poor GPS Coverage—

enough satellites for a 2D or 3D fix.

Not Usable—

due to abnormal satellite conditions. Turn the unit

off and back on to reset, and reinitialize the receiv-

er if necessary.

Simulator—

the GPS 126/128 is looking for any

the GPS 126/128 is initializing and

the receiver is collecting data from

at least three satellites with

at least four satellites with good

the receiver isn’t tracking

the receiver is unusable, possibly

the receiver is in simulator mode.

Screen Backlighting

The GPS 126/128 feature illuminates the screen
display for a user-defined interval (the default is 15 sec­onds). There are three stages of backlighting. When
backlighting is on, a bulb icon will appear at the bot­tom left of the sky view. To adjust the duration of
screen backlighting, refer to the system setup section
(see page 47).

Note: A bulb icon will appear on the Satellite Page

when backlighting is on.

REFERENCE

Receiver Status

& Screen

Backlighting

The signal strength bars at
the bottom of the page will
not appear until the GPS
126/128 has found the
satellites indicated at the
bottom of the screen.

When backlighting is on, a
bulb icon will appear on
the Satellite Page.

Use the icon to determine
if backlighting is turned
on during daylight hours.

15

REFERENCE

EZinit Prompt

and Memory

Erase

If you travel more than
500 miles with the receiv­er off, reinitialize the unit
to your new position by
using the EZinit feature.
To access EZinit, press
ENTER from the Satellite
Page before any satellites
are acquired.

Upon activating the
Memory Erase Function,
you will be asked to con­firm your decision.

EZinit Option Prompt

The Satellite Page also provides access to the EZ

init

prompt whenever a position fix has not been calculated.
(The unit must be in searching, AutoLocate, acquiring,
simulator, or poor coverage mode.) This allows you to
reinitialize the unit (see Appendix A), and is useful if
you have traveled over 500 miles with the receiver off
and must initialize your new position. (The EZ

init

prompt will automatically appear if the receiver needs
to be initialized. The prompt may also appear during
normal use if the antenna is blocked from receiving
satellite signals.

Note: The GPS 126/128 features an internal lithium
battery that will maintain the unit’s memory when the
receiver is not running.

Memory Erase Function

You may erase the GPS 126/128’s memory in four
quick steps. This will cause all stored data to be deleted,
including routes, waypoints, and the track log.

To erase all stored data:

1. Ensure that the GPS 126/128 is turned off.

2. While holding down the Mkey, press the Pkey
to turn the unit on. After the unit turns on, release the
keys. A warning message will appear with “Yes?”
highlighted, and ask you to confirm your selection.

3. If you do not wish to erase all stored data, press

and Fto cancel the emergency erase.

4. If you do wish to complete the emergency erase, press

to confirm.

F

R

Position Page

The second page in the GPS 126/128’s main page
sequence is the Position Page. This page shows you
where you are, what direction you’re heading, and how
fast you’re going. The Position Page is most useful when
you are traveling without an active destination way­point. The graphic compass tape across the top of the
page indicates the direction you’re heading (only while
you’re moving).

16

Position Page (continued)

Directly below the graphic compass tape are the
track and speed fields. Track is the compass direction
representing your actual course over the ground, and
Speed is how fast you’re moving. Below track and
speed are two user-selectable fields. Both user selec­table fields can display a variety of information that will
aid in navigation The left field offers options for TRIP
(default), AVSPD, MXSPD, TTIME, and ELPSD. The
right field offers options for ALT (default), TTIME,
ELPSD, and TRIP.

The following user-selectable options are available
on the Position Page:

Trip Odometer (TRIP)—

total distance

traveled since last reset.

Trip Timer (TTIME)—

total (cumulative)
time in which a ground speed has been
maintained since last reset.

Elapsed Time (ELPSD)—

hours and

minutes since last reset.

Average Speed (AVSPD)—

average speed

traveled.

Maximum Speed (MXSPD)—

maximum

speed traveled since last reset.

Altitude (ALT)—

vertical distance above

sea level.

To change the user-selectable fields

1. Highlight the left or right user-selectable field and
press

2. Use the
able options.

3. Press

.

F

U orD

F

key to scroll through the avail-

to confirm your selection.

The trip odometer, trip timer, and average speed
fields are linked. Resetting one of these options in a
user-selectable field will automatically reset the corre­sponding data in the other. This ensures that informa­tion shown in these fields reflects your current trip.

REFERENCE

Position Page

The speed and track dis­played on the position
page may fluctuate at
slow speeds (or when
you’re not moving)
because of position errors
caused by Selective
Availability.

The user-selectable fields
on the Position Page give
you a variety of informa­tion to choose from.

17

REFERENCE

Altitude Field &

Marking a

Position

Resetting the trip odome­ter will erase the previous
mileage and set the
odometer to 0.

You may enter a known
altitude to assist the GPS
126/128 in establishing a
3D fix.

Altitude Field

When the GPS 126/128 is acquiring satellites or
navigating in the 2D mode, the last known altitude is
used to compute your position. In cases where the GPS
126/128 has 2D coverage, entering your approximate
altitude will enable the receiver to determine a 3D fix.

Note: The altitude can not be changed when the
GPS 126/128 has a 3D position fix.

To enter an altitude:

1. Ensure that ‘ALT’ is displayed in the user-selectable
field.

2. Highlight the ‘ALT’ value field, and press

3. Enter a value, and press

F

.

F

.

Directly below the user-selectable fields is the
Position field. The position field shows the current GPS
position in latitude and longitude (default) or a user
selectable position format (see navigation setup page

47). Directly below the position field is the time. Time
can be displayed as a 12– or– 24 hour clock (see system
setup page 46).

Marking A Position

The GPS 126/128 allows you to mark and store up
to 500 positions as waypoints. A waypoint can be
entered by taking an instant electronic fix, by manually
entering coordinates (pg. 21), or using the bearing and
distance to a known position (pg. 22).

To mark your present position:

1. Press M. The mark position page will appear,
showing the captured position and a default three­digit name.

2. To save a default name and symbol, press
confirm the ‘Save?’ prompt.

To enter a different waypoint name:

1. Highlight the waypoint name field, and press F.

2. Make the appropriate changes, and press

3. Highlight ‘SAVE?’, and press

F

.

F

F

to

.

Note: To enter a different waypoint symbol or com-

ment, see pg. 23.

18

To add this waypoint to a route:

1. Highlight the ‘Add to route number’ field, and press
.

F

2. Enter a route number, press

press

again to save the waypoint.

F

to confirm and

F

Position Averaging Function

The GPS 126/128 positioning averaging function
will help reduce the effects of selective availability
when marking a waypoint.

Note: As the GPS 126/128 calculates the FOM, it
will rapidly change before it stabilizes on one number.

1. After you have pressed the Mkey, highlight the
‘AVERAGE?’ field and press
(FOM) field will display the value reflecting estimated
accuracy of the averaged position.

2. The unit will continue averaging until you have high-

lighted ‘SAVE?’ and pressed

. The Figure of Merit

F

.

F

Waypoint Pages

The GPS 126/128 has three waypoint pages that let
you quickly manage up to 500 waypoints. These
pages— nearest waypoints, waypoint list, and waypoint
definition— can be accessed through the Menu Page.

To select a waypoint page:

1. Access the Menu Page, and highlight a waypoint
page option.

2. Press

F

.

Nearest Waypoints Page

The nearest waypoints page shows the nine nearest
waypoints within 100 miles of your present position,
with the bearing and distance noted for each waypoint.
This page will let you retrieve a waypoint definition
page or GOTO a selected waypoint right from the list.

To review the waypoint definition page of a
selected waypoint:

1. Highlight the desired waypoint.

F

.

2. Press

REFERENCE

Position

Averaging &

Waypoint Pages

The GPS 126/128 will
save new waypoints with
a default three-digit
name. To add the way­point to a route, enter the
desired route number,
highlight ‘SAVE?’, and
press ENTER.

After initiating the posi­tion averaging function, a
Figure of Merit value will
be displayed, and the
‘SAVE?’ field will auto­matically be highlighted.

19

REFERENCE

Nearest

Waypoints &

Waypoint List

To select a waypoint sub­menu, highlight the
desired option and press
ENTER.

To return to the nearest waypoint page:

1. Highlight ‘DONE?’.

F

F

.

.

2. Press

To go to a highlighted list waypoint:

1. Highlight the desired waypoint, and press G.

2. Press

Waypoint List Page

The waypoint list page provides a complete list of
all waypoints currently stored in the GPS 126/128 and
their respective waypoint symbols. The total number of
empty and used waypoints is also indicated. From the
waypoint list page, you can retrieve a waypoint defini­tion page, delete all user-defined waypoints, delete way­points by symbol, review a waypoint, or GOTO to a
selected waypoint.

Nearest Waypoints

Page

The compass heading
(BRG) and distance
(DST) to the nine nearest
waypoints are updated
continuously.

20

To delete all user-defined waypoints:

1. Highlight ‘DELETE WPTS?’, and press F.

An options page will appear, asking if you want to
delete all user-defined waypoints or if you want to
delete waypoints by symbol type.

1. Highlight either ‘ALL’ or ‘SYMBOL’, and press F.

If you select ‘ALL,’ highlight ‘YES?’ and press

F

to confirm.

Waypoint List Page (continued)

If you highlight ‘SYMBOL,’ you’ll be asked to select a

symbol.

1. select the symbol to be deleted and press F.

2. Press
the ‘YES?’ prompt, and press

to confirm the ‘DONE’ prompt, highlight

F

F

.

Note: This feature is handy for deleting temporary

waypoints created by the TracBack function.

Proximity Waypoints

The GPS 126/128’s proximity waypoint function
warns you when you are getting too close to hazardous
waypoints. This function allows you to create up to
nine proximity waypoints and designate an alarm circle
for each waypoint. If you enter this circle, a warning
message will alert you.

To enter a proximity waypoint from the main

menu:

1. Highlight ‘PROXIMITY WPTS’ and press F.

2. Highlight the first empty waypoint field and press
.

F

3. Use the arrow keypad to scan through stored way-

points until desired waypoint appears (see page 24 ).

4. Press

ically highlighted.

5. Press

6. Press the Fkey.

To review or remove a proximity waypoint:

. The distance (DST) field will be automat-

F

Enter the desired distance.

F.

REFERENCE

Waypoint List &

Proximity

Waypoints

Deleting waypoints by
symbol enables you to
delete a specific group of
waypoints without losing
all other waypoints.

1. Select a proximity waypoint and press F.

2. Highlight ‘REVIEW?’ or ‘REMOVE?’ and press F.

If ‘REVIEW?’ is chosen, the waypoint definition
page will appear, and you may make any changes to
the selected waypoint (see pgs. 22-24). If ‘REMOVE?’ is
chosen, the proximity waypoint page will reappear
with the waypoint removed. Press

Q

or Jto

return to the Menu Page.

Quickly edit proximity
waypoints by highlighting
the waypoint name and
pressing ENTER.

21

REFERENCE

Waypoint Definition Page

Waypoint

Definition &

Reference

Waypoints

The GPS 126/128’s
advanced waypoint plan­ning features allow you to
create new waypoints and
practice navigation with­out ever setting foot out­side.

If you create a new way­point by entering coordi­nates from a map, you
may want to re-mark the
waypoint’s exact position
once you get there.

To re-define an existing
waypoint’s position coor­dinates from the waypoint
definition page, simply
highlight the DST field
and press ENTER. Use the
LEFT arrow key to set the
distance to 0.00, and press
ENTER to confirm.

The old coordinates will be
replaced by your present
position if you have a
valid 2D or 3D position
fix.

22

Waypoint

Name

Reference
Waypoint

Bearing from

Reference
Waypoint

Function Prompts

Waypoint

Symbol

Position

Coordinates

Waypoint Comment

Distance from

Reference
Waypoint

The waypoint definition page lets you create new
waypoints manually or review and edit an existing way­point’s coordinates, symbols, and comments. It is also
used to delete an individual waypoint from memory
(see pg. 24). To create a new waypoint manually, you’ll
need to know its position coordinates or its approxi­mate distance and bearing from an existing waypoint.

To create a waypoint by entering coordinates:

1. From the waypoint definition page, highlight ‘NEW?’,
and press

2. Enter a waypoint name, and press

3. Press
selection, and press

4. Highlight the ‘DONE?’ prompt, and press
return to the waypoint page.

5. Highlight the ‘position’ field, and press

6. Enter your position, and press

7. Highlight the ‘DONE? prompt and press
firm.

.

F

.

F

to select a waypoint symbol, make your

F

F

.

F

F

.

F

F

to

.

to con-

Reference Waypoints

To create a new waypoint manually without know­ing its position coordinates, you’ll need to enter its
bearing and distance from an existing waypoint or your
present position.

To create a new waypoint by referencing a stored

waypoint:

1. From the waypoint definition page, highlight ‘NEW?’,
and press

F

.

Reference Waypoints (cont.)

2. Enter a waypoint name, and press F.

3. Highlight the ‘reference’ field, and press

4. Enter a reference waypoint name (or leave the field
blank to use your present position), and press

5. Enter the bearing and distance of your new waypoint
from the reference waypoint.

6. Press

to confirm the ‘DONE?’ prompt.

F

F

.

F

.

Waypoint Symbols

The GPS 126/128 allows you to select one of 16
symbols for each waypoint for easy recognition on the
map display. From the symbol page, you may also
select how the waypoint appears on the map.

To select a waypoint symbol:

1. Highlight the symbol field, and press F.

2. Use the arrow keypad to select the desired symbol,
and press

3. The cursor will move to the display field, where you
can select how the waypoint information will be dis­played on the map.

4. Press
options: ‘name with symbol,’ ‘symbol only,’ or ‘com­ment with symbol’.

5. Press
again to confirm the ‘Done?’ prompt.

.

F

, and select one of the following display

F

to confirm your selection, and

F

F

REFERENCE

Waypoint

Symbols &

Comments

Waypoint symbols enable
you to instantly get more
information about a way­point than just its name.

Waypoint Comments

Each waypoint stored in the GPS 126/128 has a
user-defined 16-character comment field. The default
comment is the UTC (or Greenwich mean time) date
and time of the waypoint’s creation.

To change or add a comment:

1. Highlight the ‘comment’ field.

F

.

2. Press

Note: You can clear the ‘comment’ field by pressing
the left side of the rocker keypad.

3. Enter the desired comment.

F

.

4. Press

The waypoint comment
field will automatically
assign the date and time of
creation to the waypoint
comments field. You may
enter a 16-character user
comment at any time.

23

REFERENCE

Rename, Delete

& Scan

Waypoints

You may wish to quickly
save waypoints by press­ing MARK and then
ENTER, thus assigning a
default name. You may
then rename the waypoint
at a later date. Any way­point may be renamed at
any time.

Renaming and Deleting Waypoints

The rename and delete function fields are located

along the bottom of the waypoint definition page.

To rename a stored waypoint:

1. Highlight ‘RENAME?’, and press F.

2. Enter the new waypoint name , and press

3. Press

To delete a stored waypoint:

1. Highlight ‘DELETE?’, and press F.

2. Highlight the ‘Yes’ prompt, and press

to confirm the ‘Yes?’ prompt.

F

F

F

.

.

Note: To delete a waypoint that’s part of a route,
first remove the waypoint from the route (see pg. 34),
and then delete it. If you attempt to delete a waypoint
that’s part of a route, you’ll be given a “Route Waypoint
Can’t be Deleted” message.

Scanning Waypoints

As you manually enter a waypoint’s name, the GPS
126/128’s waypoint scanning feature will automatically
display the first numerical or alphabetical match of the
character you have entered. If you have more than one
waypoint that begins with the same letter or number,
move to the next character postion and continue enter­ing the waypoint name. This helps eliminate the need to
always enter a waypoint’s complete name.

To scan waypoints from a waypoint field:

1. Highlight the waypoint name field, and press F.

2. Press the left side of the keypad to clear the name
field.

3. Scroll through the waypoints.

4. When you find the desired waypoint, press

F

.

Scanning waypoints from
the waypoint definition
page is quick and easy.
Simply highlight the
name, press ENTER, and
use the arrow keypad to
scroll through the names.

24

Selecting a GOTO Destination

The GPS 126/128 provides four ways to navigate to
a destination: GOTO, MOB, TracBack, and route navi­gation. The most basic method of selecting a destina­tion is the GOTO function, which lets you choose any
stored waypoint as the destination and quickly sets a
direct course from your present position.

To activate the GOTO function:

1. Press G.

2. Select the waypoint you want to navigate to, and
press

F

.

Once a GOTO waypoint has been activated, the
Compass Page or Highway Page will provide steering
guidance to the destination until either the GOTO is
cancelled or the unit has resumed navigating the active
route (see pg 30).

To cancel an active GOTO:

1. Press the Gkey.

2. Highlight ‘CANCEL GOTO?’, and press

F

.

Man Overboard Function

The GPS 126/128’s man overboard function (MOB)
lets you simultaneously mark and set a course to a
position for quick response to passing positions.

To activate the MOB mode:

1. Press the Bkey.

2. Press

T

he GPS126/128 will now guide you to the MOB

to begin MOB navigation.

F

waypoint until the MOB GOTO is cancelled. If you
want to save the MOB waypoint be sure to rename it.
The MOB function will overwrite any previous MOB
waypoint when it is activated.

REFERENCE

Select a GOTO

& MOB

Function

Select a destination way­point from the GOTO
waypoint list.

Once the MOB mode has
been activated, steering
guidance will be provided
by the Compass or
Highway Page. Activating
another MOB will over­write the previous MOB
waypoint.

25

REFERENCE

TracBack

WARNING:

Setting the track record­ing to OFF will disable
the TracBack function.

Highlight the ‘TracBack?’
prompt and press ENTER
to begin TracBack naviga­tion.

26

TracBack Navigation

GARMIN’s patented TracBack feature allows you to
quickly retrace your path using the track log automati­cally stored in the receiver. This feature eliminates the
need to mark waypoints along the way and manually
create and activate a route back to where you began
your trip. Once a TracBack route is activated, it will lead
you back to the oldest track log point stored in memory,
so it’s usually a good idea to clear the existing track log
at the start of each trip.

To clear the track log and define a starting point

for a TracBack route:

1. From the Map Page, press

2. Highlight the ‘TRACK SETUP’ option, and press F.

3. Highlight ‘CLEAR LOG?’, press

4. Highlight ‘Yes?’, and press F.

To activate a TracBack route:

1. Press G, highlight ‘TRACBACK?’, and press F.

F.

F

.

Once the TracBack function has been activated, the
GPS 126/128 will take the track log currently stored in
memory and divide it into segments called legs. Up to
30 temporary waypoints will be created to mark the
most significant features of the track log in order to
duplicate your exact path as closely as possible. These
points will be indicated by waypoint numbers begin­ning with ‘T’ on the waypoint list, and by a “T” symbol
on the Map Page.

The active route page will appear, showing a route
from your present position to the oldest track log point
in memory. Steering guidance to each waypoint will be
provided back to the starting point of your track log.

Note: You may delete a TracBack waypoint from a
route, but only if the route is not active.

Tips On the TracBack Feature

• Always clear your track log at the exact point that
you want to go back to (dock, boat ramp, etc.).

• The ‘Record’ option on the track log setup page
can be set to either the ‘wrap’ or ‘fill’ position.

• There must be at least two track log points stored
in memory to create a TracBack route.

• If there are not enough available waypoints in
memory to create a TracBack route, you will be
alerted with a ‘waypoint memory full’ message,
and the receiver will use any available waypoints
to create a TracBack route with an emphasis on
the track log closest to the destination (the oldest
track log point in memory).

• If the ‘Method’ option on the track log setup page
is set to a time interval, the TracBack route may
not follow your exact path. (Keeping the criteria
set to automatic will always provide the most
detailed TracBack route.)

• If the receiver is turned off or you lose satellite
coverage during your trip, the TracBack route will
simply draw a straight line between any point
where coverage was lost and where it resumed.

• If the changes in direction and distance of your
track log are complex, 30 waypoints may not be
enough to accurately mark your exact path. The
receiver will then assign the 30 waypoints to the
most significant points of your track, and simplify
segments with fewer changes in direction.

• To save a TracBack route, copy route 0 to an open
storage route before activating another TracBack.
Activating another TracBack or storage route will
overwrite the existing TracBack route.

• Whenever a TracBack route is activated, the
receiver will automatically erase any temporary
waypoints that are not contained in routes 1-19.
If there are temporary waypoints stored in routes
1-19, the receiver will create any new temporary
waypoints using the first three-digit number
available. (You can also quickly delete all tempo­rary TracBack waypoints in memory by using the
‘delete by symbol’ method described on pg. 21.)

REFERENCE

TracBack

The TracBack feature will
navigate your track log
back to the oldest point in
the receiver’s memory.

The track log will be
divided into segments with
temporary waypoints to
create a route back to the
beginning of the track log.

27

REFERENCE

Routes

ä

ä

Route Navigation

The last form of navigating to a destination with the
GPS 126/128 is to create a user-defined route. The
GPS126/128 lets you create and store up to 20 routes of
30 waypoints each. The route navigation feature lets
you plan and navigate a course from one place to
another using a set of pre-defined waypoints. Routes are
often used when it’s not practical, safe, or possible to
navigate a direct course to a particular destination (e.g.,
through a body of water).

Waypoint 2

(“active to” waypoint)

“Active Leg”

ä

}

ä

Waypoint 1

(“active from” waypoint)

28

Routes are broken down and navigated in smaller
segments called “legs”. The waypoint you are going to
in a leg is called the “active to” waypoint and the way­point immediately behind you is called the “active from”
waypoint. The line between the “active to” and the
“active from” waypoint is called the “active leg.”

Whenever you activate a route, the GPS 126/128
will automatically select the route leg closest to your
position as the active leg. As you pass each waypoint in
the route, the receiver will automatically sequence and
select the next waypoint as the “active to” waypoint.

Route Definition Page

REFERENCE

Comment

Field

Desired

Track of Leg

Copy Field

Function Prompts

Route

Number

Leg Distance

Total

Distance

The bottom of the route definition page features
‘function’ fields which let you copy, clear, invert, or
activate the displayed route. Routes 1-19 are used as
storage routes, with route 0 always serving as the active
route you are navigating. If you want to save a route
that’s currently in route 0, be sure to copy it to another
open route or it will be overwritten by the next route
activation.

Routes can be copied, cleared, inverted, and acti­vated through the route definition page.

To select the route definition page:

1. Highlight ‘ROUTES’ from the Menu Page, and press
.

F

The ‘route number’ field is displayed at the top of
the page, with a 16-character ‘user comment’ field to
the right. If no user comment is entered, the field dis­plays the first and last waypoint in the route. The way­point list on the left side of the page accepts up to 30
waypoints for each route, with fields for desired track
and distance between legs. The total route distance is
indicated below the waypoint list.

Route Definition

Page

Routes enable you to store
and use groups of fre­quently used waypoints
together.

Enter each waypoint in
the order you would like to
navigate the list. If you
enter a waypoint not
stored in memory, you’ll
need to define the position
on the waypoint definition
page.

29

REFERENCE

Using Routes

You may use up to 16
characters to custom
name a route. The default
name will be the first and
last waypoint in the route.

To activate a route, high­light the ‘ACT?’ prompt
and press ENTER.

Creating and Navigating Routes

To create a route from the route definition page:

1. Highlight the ‘route number’ field, and press F.

U

2. Using the
number and press

3. Press

4. Enter your comment, and press the

5. Press
your route.

6. Press
As you continue entering waypoints, the list will auto­matically scroll down.

or Dkey select an empty route

.

F

to begin entry of a route comment.

F

key.

F

to begin entering the first waypoint of

F

again to move to the next waypoint field.

F

Whenever you activate a route, it will automatically
select the route leg closest to your position as the active
leg. As you pass each waypoint in the route, the receiver
will automatically sequence and select the next way­point as the “active to” waypoint.

Activating and Inverting Routes

After a route has been entered, it can be either acti­vated in sequence or inverted from the route definition
page. The process of activating or inverting a stored
route takes a storage route (routes 1-19) and copies it
into the active route (route 0) for navigation. The stor­age route is then no longer needed and will be retained
in its original format under its existing route number.

This system allows you to have an active route that
you may edit during navigation and save as an entirely
new route from the original. You will have to copy the
active route to an unused storage route to save it, since
new route or TracBack activation overwrites route 0.

To activate a route:

1. From the route definition page, highlight the ‘route
number’ field and press

2. Enter the route number to be activated, and press

.

F

3. Highlight ‘ACT?’, and press

To activate a route in inverted order:

F

.

F

.

30

1. Follow the steps above, but select ‘INV?’, and press

.

F

Active Route Page

Once a route has been activated, the active route
page will display the waypoint sequence of your route
with the estimated time enroute (ETE) at your present
speed and the distance to each waypoint. As long as
you are navigating an active route, the active route page
will become part of the main page sequence of the unit.
The active route page will also allow you to change the
‘ete’ field to display desired track (DTK) or estimated
time of arrival (ETA) for each leg. You can also clear or
invert the active route.

To display DTK or ETA for each leg:

1. Highlight ‘ETE’ or ‘DTK’, and press F.

2. Select ‘DTK’ or ‘ETA’, and press

F

.

The active route page also allows you to clear (stop
navigating) or invert the active route without using the
route definition page.

To invert a route from the active route page:

1. Highlight ‘INVERT?’, and press F.

To stop route navigation:

1. Select ‘CLEAR?’, and press F.

Copying and Clearing Routes

The route definition page is also used to copy a
route to another route number. This feature is useful
when you make changes to the active (or TracBack)
route and want to save the route in its modified form
for future use.

To copy a route:

1. Highlight the ‘route number’ field, and press F.

2. Select the route number to be copied, and press
.

F

F

F

.

.

3. Highlight the ‘copy to’ field, and press

4. Scroll through the available routes and select a desti-

nation route number. (Only open routes will be avail­able.) Press

To clear a route from memory:

1. Highlight the ‘route number’ field, and press F.

2. Enter the route number, and press

3. Select ‘CLR?’, and press

4. Highlight ‘Yes?’, and press

to copy the route.

F

F

F

.

.

REFERENCE

Active Route,

Copying, &

Clearing

Active Route Page

Whenever you have an
active route, the active
route page will appear in
the main page sequence
after the Compass or
Highway Page.

To copy a route, select an
open storage route and
press the ENTER key. If
you select a route that is
already used, you’ll be
alerted with a ‘Route Full’
message.

31

REFERENCE

Editing Routes

& On-Route

GOTO’s

Use the on-screen menu to
select the desired editing
function.

To edit or review a route
waypoint from the active
route page, highlight the
desired waypoint and
press ENTER.

Editing Routes

A route can be edited anytime after its creation.

To edit a route from the active route page or
the route definition page:

1. Select the waypoint you want to edit, and press F.

An on-screen menu of editing choices will appear,
with options for reviewing, inserting, deleting, or
changing the waypoint field highlighted. This field con­tains the following options:

• Review?—

• Insert?—

reviews the waypoint’s definition page

adds a new waypoint that precedes the

selected waypoint

• Remove?—

• Change?—

deletes a selected waypoint

replaces the selected waypoint with a

new waypoint

You may delete a waypoint from a route, but only if
the route is not active. Note: Editing the original storage
route will not affect route 0. If you want to save an edit­ed version of route 0, save it to an open storage route.

On-Route GOTO

At the beginning of this section, we mentioned that
the GPS 126/128 will automatically select the route leg
closest to your position as the active leg. This may mean
that you are not navigating to the first waypoint in the
active route. If you want to select a route waypoint with
which to begin navigation or you prefer to navigate a
route out of sequence, you can perform an ‘on-route
GOTO’ from the active route page.

To perform an ‘on-route GOTO’ from the active
route page:

1. Highlight the desired route waypoint, and press G.

2. Once the GOTO waypoint page appears with the way­point highlighted, press

F

.

Note that after you reach the on-route GOTO way­point, the GPS 126/128 will automatically resume navi­gating the rest of the route in sequence.

32

Using the Navigation Pages

Once you’ve selected a GOTO destination or acti­vated a TracBack, MOB, or Route, the GPS 126/128
will provide graphic steering guidance to the destina­tion with one of two navigation pages:

REFERENCE

Navigation

Pages

Highway Page

Highway Page

•The
highway that shows your movement relative to the
desired course, with an emphasis on your
crosstrack error (the distance and direction you
are off course). This page also features a course
deviation indicator (CDI) (see pg. 35). The
Highway Page is well-suited for water or off-road
recreation where straight-line navigation is possi­ble.

Compass Page

•The
er to the destination, with a rotating compass dis­play to show your direction of travel. The
Compass Page provides better steering guidance at
slow speeds with many changes in direction,
where straight-line navigation is not possible.

Both pages provide a digital display of the bearing
and distance to the destination, and your current speed
and track over the ground. You can switch to either
Navigation Page at any time.

To select either Navigation Page:

1. Press Ffrom the existing Navigation Page, and
again to change the page.

F

Compass Page

(default) provides a graphic

provides a directional point-

To switch the navigation
page to the Highway Page,
press ENTER twice.

To switch the navigation
page to the Compass
Page, press ENTER twice.

33

REFERENCE

Navigation

Pages

Selecting a User-Defined Navigation Page (cont.)

Use the user-selectable
fields to customize the
navigation pages.

The turn option will show
you the number of degrees
you need to turn to head
directly to your destina­tion.

User-Selectable

Field

User-Selectable

User-Selectable

Field

Field

The fields located in the lower corners of both pages
are user-selectable fields that allow you to display a vari­ety of navigation values for your trip.

To access the user-selectable fields:

1. Highlight either field, and press F.

2. Use the keypad to scroll through the possible options.

The following data options are available from the
Navigation Pages:

Estimated Time Enroute (ETE)—

the time left
to your destination based on your present speed
and track.

Estimated Time of Arrival (ETA)—

the time of
day of your arrival at a destination, based on current
ground speed and track.

Course to Steer (CTS)—

the bearing which will
give you the most efficient way to stay on course to
your destination.

Crosstrack Error (XTK)—

the distance you are
off the desired course in either direction. This field
will give you a digital representation of the CDI
scale.

Velocity Made Good (VMG)—

the speed you

are traveling toward the destination.

Turn (TRN)—

the amount of correction in

degrees needed to travel directly to the destination.

34

Using the Highway Page

Bearing to

Waypoint

Track Over

Ground

Destination

Waypoint

Graphic

Highway

User Selectable Fields

Distance to

Waypoint

Speed Over

Ground

CDI Scale

Pointer

The GPS 126/128’s Highway Page provides graphic
steering guidance to a destination waypoint, with a
greater emphasis on the straight-line desired course and
the distance and direction you are off course. The bear­ing and distance to a waypoint–along with your current
track and speed–are displayed at the top of the screen.

The middle of the screen provides visual guidance
to your waypoint on a moving graphic “highway.” Your
present position is represented by the diamond in the
center of the CDI scale. The line down the middle of
the highway represents your desired track. As you navi­gate toward a waypoint, the highway will actually
move—indicating the direction you’re off course—rela­tive to the position diamond on the CDI scale. When
the highway is pointing straight up the screen, the way­point is directly ahead. If the destination waypoint is to
the left, the top of the highway will lead to the left, and
vice versa. To stay on course, simply steer in the direc­tion the highway leads (left or right) until the highway
leads straight up the page.

Below the graphic highway is the “pointer.” The
pointer shows the direction of the waypoint relative to
the direction you are moving.

Below the pointer are two user-selectable fields.

If you do get off the desired course by more than
1/5th of the selected CDI range, the exact distance you
are off course will be displayed where the CDI scale set­ting normally appears. If you get too far off course (the
highway has disappeared), a message box will appear to
indicate what course to steer to get back on course. (For
information on setting this scale, see pg. 48.) When the
distance reading reaches 0, you’ve reached your destina­tion

.

REFERENCE

Highway Page

In this example, the
Highway Page indicates
that you are off course to
the left. Steer right to get
back on course. Notice the
highway always shows the
direction to turn. If the
highway leads straight up
the page, you should con­tinue in your current
direction.

If you get too far off
course, a message box will
appear to indicate what
course to steer to get back
on course most efficiently.

35

REFERENCE

Using the Compass Page

Compass Pages

In this example, the com­pass page indicates that
you are traveling in a
northerly (334 degrees)
direction and the destina­tion waypoint is north
(358 degrees) of your cur­rent direction of travel.

In this example, the com­pass page indicates that
you are traveling in a
northerly (020 degrees)
direction and the
destination waypoint is
west (357 degrees) of
your current direction of
travel.

36

Bearing to

Waypoint

Track Over

Ground

Compass

Ring

User-

Selectable

Field

Distance to

Waypoint

Speed

Destination

Waypoint

Pointer to
Waypoint

User-Selectable

Field

The Compass Page provides better steering guid­ance for travel at slow speeds (e.g., walking) and for
travel with many directional changes.

At the top of the page, the bearing (BRG) and dis­tance (DST) to the waypoint are displayed. The dis­tance displayed is the straight-line distance from your
present position to the destination waypoint. The bear­ing indicates the exact compass heading from you to
the destination. Below the bearing and distance, track
(TRK) and speed (SPD) are displayed. The track is your
course over ground and the speed is your speed over
ground.

The middle of the page features a rotating “compass
ring” that shows your course over ground while you
are moving, with a pointer arrow to the destination dis­played in the center. The arrow shows the direction of
your destination waypoint, relative to the direction you
are moving. For instance, if the arrow points up, you
are going directly to the waypoint. If the arrow points
any direction (left, right, down, etc.), turn toward the
arrow until it points up and then continue in that
direction.

The bottom of the page shows two user-selectable
fields for ETE, ETA, CTS, XTK, VMG, or TRN.

When you are one minute away from your destina­tion (based on your current speed and track over
ground), the GPS 126/128 will alert you with a flashing
on-screen message box.

Map Page

The GPS 126/128 features a powerful real-time
moving map that does much more than just plot your
course and route. The Map Page also provides you with
a target cursor that will let you pan ahead to nearby
waypoints, determine the distance and bearing to any
map position, and mark new waypoints while you
navigate.

REFERENCE

Map Page

Bearing to
Waypoint

Track Over

Ground

Distance to

Waypoint

Present

Position

Speed Over

Ground

The map contains 12 selectable range scales from

0.2 to 320 miles (0.5 to 600 km). The scale represents
the distance shown from the top of the screen to the
bottom. Move from scale to scale by using the dedicated
zoom keys (IN and OUT). Pressing IN decreases the
scale and pressing OUT increases the scale.

A diamond icon in the center of the page represents
your present position, with your track and/or route dis­played as a solid line. Nearby waypoints are shown
with the corresponding name listed. You may select
which items are shown through the map setup sub­menu page (see pages 40-41 for more information).

The four corners of the Map Page are used to dis­play various navigation data, including the bearing and
distance to a destination waypoint and your current
track and speed over the ground. The two fields at the
top corners of the map show your bearing and distance
to one of three selectable destinations: an active destina­tion waypoint; a highlighted on-screen waypoint; or the
panning target crosshair. If you are not navigating to a
waypoint or using the panning function, the top data
fields will not be displayed. The bottom corners of the
display always show your current track and speed.

Note: A map scale repre­sents the distance shown
from the bottom to the top
of the Map Page. For
example, when viewing
the 2 mile scale, the dis­tance represented between
the top and bottom of the
screen is 2 miles.

The four corners of the
Map Page are used to
show your course and
speed and the distance to
either a cursor or to a des­tination waypoint.

37

REFERENCE

Zooming,

Panning, &

Pointing

A crosshair will appear
when you activate the pan
function. The distance and
direction of the crosshair
from your current position
will be shown in the upper
corners of the Map Page.

On-Screen Pointing

The crosshair will “snap”
to displayed waypoints,
which allows you to quick­ly review or GOTO the
selected waypoint right
from the Map Page.

38

Zooming, Panning, and Pointing

There are three main functions you can perform
from the Map Page: zooming, panning, and pointing,
Zooming is increasing or decreasing the display scale of
the map. Panning is using a target crosshair and the
arrow keypad to “slide” the map window in any direc­tion, including diagonally, to view the surrounding area.
Pointing is the act of highlighting a map position or
waypoint on the map in order to create a new waypoint,
review waypoint information, or GOTO a selected way­point or map position.

From the Map Page, you can also access the Map
and Track Setup menus (see page 40).

To select a zoom scale (even while panning):

1. Press Ior Honce for each level of increase or
decrease desired.

2. Press and hold down either key to increase or
decrease by more than one scale.

To activate the pan function:

1. Press the arrow keypad in any direction.

As you begin to move the map, a crosshair will
appear. This crosshair will now serve as a target marker
for the moving map. The distance and bearing from
your present position to the target crosshair will appear
in the upper corners of the map. If you are conducting
a GOTO at the time you activate the panning function,
the crosshair bearing and distance will replace the bear­ing and distance of the GOTO waypoint.

As you pan around the map, you’ll notice that the
target crosshair will point to on-screen waypoints and
highlight the waypoint name. Once a waypoint name is
highlighted, you can review its waypoint definition page
or execute a GOTO function right from the Map Page.

To review the definition page for a waypoint high-

lighted on the map:

1. Press F. The waypoint definition page will appear.
Review and make any desired changes to the high­lighted waypoint.

2. When finished, highlight the ‘DONE?’ field and press

.

F

Zooming, Panning, & Pointing (continued

To go to a waypoint highlighted on the map:

1. Press the Gkey.The GOTO waypoint page will
appear with the waypoint’s name highlighted.

REFERENCE

Using the

Cursor

2. Press the

To stop panning and display present position:

1. Press the Qkey.

key to confirm.

F

Using the Cursor to Mark and GOTO Waypoints

During panning, the crosshair represents a target
position right on the moving map, with the range and
bearing to the target at the top corners of the screen.

To mark the target crosshair as a waypoint:

1. Press the Fkey to capture the position. The
option menu will appear.

2. Select ‘MAP POSITION’ and press

F

.

You may custom tailor the
Map Page to show way­points by any of three
options.

3. Enter a new name, symbol, etc., and press

F

.

You can also use the target crosshair as an instant
GOTO destination. This function will mark and
instantly set a course for a new waypoint called ‘MAP’.

To GOTO the target crosshair:

1. Press the Gkey to capture the position.

2. Press the

key to confirm the MAP GOTO.

F

To save the MAP waypoint, rename it, as it will be
overwritten the next time a map GOTO is executed.

Marking a Cursor

Position

To mark a new waypoint
with the crosshair, simply
pan to the desired position
and press the ENTER key.
Select the appropriate
menu option and press
ENTER again.

39

REFERENCE

Using Cursor &

Map/Track Setup

The map setup window
gives access to the map
setup and track setup
pages right from the Map
Page.

The Map Page’s default
screen orientation is track
up. “Track Up” means
that your current direction
of travel is always up (or
toward the top of) the
screen. It can also be set
for north up or desired
track up orientation.

Zooming, Panning, and Configuring (cont.)

From the waypoint definition page, you can also
define how each individual waypoint is displayed on
the map. The GPS 126/128 displays waypoints as a
name with a corresponding symbol (e.g., “nearest fuel”
and a gas pump symbol), a symbol only (e.g., a fish
symbol), or a 16-character comment and corresponding
symbol (e.g., “great view” and the camp site symbol).
The waypoint name has a six character limit while the
‘comment’ field has a 16-character limit, and there are
16 individual waypoint symbols available.

To select a waypoint display option:

1. Highlight the symbol field (to the right of the name
field), and press

2. Move the cursor to the ‘display’ field, and press

3. Select one of the following display options: ‘name with
symbol,’ ‘symbol only,’ or ‘comment with symbol and
press

F

4. Press

F

5. Press

F

return to the Map Page.

.

F

.

F

.’

to confirm the ‘DONE?’ prompt.

again (on the waypoint definition page) to

The last function you can perform with a waypoint
highlighted on the Map Page is to perform a GOTO
directly to the waypoint.

To go to a waypoint highlighted on the Map Page:

1. Press G.

2. Press

to confirm the GOTO waypoint page.

F

Accessing Map Setup/Track Setup Windows

You can access two additional pages—the map
setup page and the track setup page—from the Map
Page. Make sure that no waypoints are highlighted on
the map and press

. The Map Page option menu

F

will appear.

To select map setup or track setup:

1. Highlight the desired choice, and press F.

40

Map Setup Page and Orientation

The map setup page lets you select Map Page and
satellite sky view (see pg. 14) orientation, as well as
specify what items are displayed. The Map and Satellite
Pages may be oriented to ‘NORTH UP,’ ‘TRACK UP’
(the direction of current travel), or ‘DTK UP’ (desired
track up, or the direction of travel to stay on course).
The default setting is track up.

To change the map orientation:

1. Highlight the ‘map’ field, and press F.

2. Select the desired orientation, and press

F

.

Note: Selecting the ‘DTK UP’ option will set the
satellite sky view to track up orientation.

The rest of the map setup page lets you specify
what items are displayed or plotted on the Map Page
by selecting ‘YES’ or ‘NO’ in the appropriate field.

• ’Rings’— displays the three present position range

• ’Route’— plots the straight leg lines between way-

• ’Nearest’— shows the nine nearest waypoints to your

• ’Names’— displays the waypoint name for the nine

• ’Track Log’— displays and plots track points on the

To turn a map item on or off:

1. Highlight ‘YES’ or ‘NO’ for the specific map item, and

rings on the map.

points of an active route and displays all
route waypoint names.

position (black diamond) on the map.

nearest waypoints.

map.

press

. Select ‘YES’ or ‘NO' and press F.

F

Track Setup Page

The track setup page manages the GPS 126/128’s
track log data. From this page, you can select whether
to record a track log and define how it is recorded.

To turn the track log on or off:

1. Highlight the ‘record’ field, and press F.

2. Select ‘OFF, FILL, or WRAP’, and press
Turning the track recording off will prevent using
TracBack.

F

. (Note:

REFERENCE

Map & Track

Setup

Use the track setup page
to control the way the GPS
126/128 manages your
track log.

Entering a time interval
into the track recording
method will help to
increase the distance you
can travel without using
up your track log., Using
a time interval will
reduce the effectiveness of
TracBack.

41

REFERENCE

Track Log

Management

The track setup menu lets
you instantly change track
features directly from the
Map Page.

Clear the track log any
time your screen gets clut­tered or when starting a
new TracBack.

Track Method

The stored track method determines how often
positions are stored in the track log. The default setting
is automatic, which will store a track based on resolu­tion. This setting gives the most efficient use of track
memory and provides the best TracBack route.

To change the method to record points based on a

specific time interval:

1. Highlight the ‘METHOD’ field, and press F.

2. Select ‘TIME INTERVAL’, and press

3. Enter hours, minutes, and seconds, and press

Q

4. Press

to exit the menu.

F

twice.

F

.

Track Log Display

The track log option gives you a choice of display­ing or not displaying the track log. This only effects the
display on the Map Page and not the recording in mem­ory. The track log will still be stored in memory as long
as the “record” setting is ‘WRAP’ or ‘FILL’. When set to
“on”, the display uses 1024 points.

Managing and Clearing the Track Log

The rest of the track setup window displays the per­centage of available memory currently used to store
track log data, as well as function fields to clear the
track log memory and activate the TracBack feature.

To clear the track log:

1. Highlight ‘CLEAR LOG?’, and press F.

2. Highlight ‘Yes?’, and press

F

.

Note: It’s a good idea to clear the track log at the
end of the trail head, etc., in order to make the best use
of the TracBack feature.

42

Menu Page

The GPS 126/128’s Menu Page provides access to
additional pages (submenus) that are used to select and
customize operation and navigation setup. These eight
pages are divided into categories by function. We’ve
already gone over the waypoint and route management
pages in their respective sections. Let’s review the rest
of these pages as they appear on the Menu Page.

To select a submenu page from the Menu Page:

1. Highlight the page, and press F.

2. To return to the Menu Page, press

Q

.

Distance and Sun Calculations

The distance and sun calculation page will give you
the distance and bearing between any two waypoints or
between your present position and a waypoint. It will
also calculate the sunrise and sunset (in local time) for
a particular date at either your present position or any
stored waypoint.

To perform a distance and sun calculation:

1. Highlight the ‘from’ field and press F. Enter the
desired waypoint, and press

2. Highlight the ‘to’ field and press
tination waypoint, and press

3. The ‘date’ field will become highlighted. Press
to enter the date you’ll arrive at your destination, and
press

F

.

F

F

F

.

. Enter the des-

.

F

The Menu Page allows
you access to a variety of
waypoint, route, system
and setup features.

If you haven’t marked your present position as a
waypoint or you leave the ‘to’ field blank, the sunrise
and sunset at your present position will be shown.

Message Page

The message page is used to display all messages in
the GPS 126/128. There are two types of messages:
temporary alerts (e.g., approaching a waypoint) and
condition alerts (e.g., WPT memory is full). All mes­sages are indicated by a flashing on-screen box. After a
temporary alert has been viewed, it is cleared.
Condition alerts are displayed on the message page

The GPS 126/128 will
calculate the sunrise and
sunset times of any stored
waypoint or your present
position. To calculate,
enter the date and year
and press ENTER.

until the condition has been resolved.

To view the message page:

REFERENCE

Menu Page &

Distance/Sun

Calculation

1. Highlight the ‘MESSAGES’ field and press F.

See Appendix C for a complete list of messages.

43

REFERENCE

Interface Setup

& DGPS

The selectable baud rate is
available for all RTCM
interface options.

Alert messages will signal
any problems with DGPS
operation.

Interface Setup

The GPS 126/128’s interface page lets you specify
the formats for connecting external devices. There are
six options: GRMN/GRMN, None/None, RTCM/None,
RTCM/NMEA

, NMEA/NMEA, and None/NMEA. Each
option lists the input format first, followed by the out­put format.

To select I/O format:

1. Highlight the I/O field, and press F.

2. Select the desired setting, and press

F

.

The GRMN/GRMN setting is a proprietary format
that lets you exchange information such as waypoints,
routes, and track logs between two GARMIN GPS units
or a GARMIN GPS and a PC. There are ten data transfer
options: send alm, send wpt, send trk, send rte, send
prx, request alm, request wpt, request trk, request rte,
request prx.

To select a transfer option:

1. Highlight ‘HOST’, and press F.

2. Select a desired setting, and press

F

.

To disable all interfacing capabilities, select the
None/None setting. If you want to output NMEA data
without any differential input capability, select
‘None/NMEA.’

DGPS Interface

The last two format settings allow the differential­ready GPS 126/128 to accept RTCM DGPS corrections
in RTCM 104 version 2.0 format. Using DGPS correc­tions will improve receiver accuracy to 1-5 meters,
regardless of errors induced by the government’s
Selective Availability (SA) program. Two RTCM options
are available: RTCM/NONE, which allows connection to
a beacon receiver with no output capability; and
RTCM/NMEA, which allows DGPS input and NMEA
output.

Once a RTCM setting has been selected, the GPS
126/128 will either automatically try to tune the last fre­quency and bit rate you selected or will switch to the
default frequency of 304.0 kHz with a bit rate of 100
bps if no previous beacon has been tuned. You may also
enter your own frequency and bit rate if desired.

44

To enter a DGPS beacon frequency:

1. Highlight the ‘freq’ field, and press F.

F

F

.

.

F

.

2. Enter the desired frequency, and press

3. Highlight the ‘rate’ field, and press

4. Select the desired transmission rate, and press

Note: The ‘freq’and ‘rate’ fields are active only

when the interface is set to RTCM/NMEA.

When the GPS 126/128 is receiving DGPS correc­tions from the GBR 21, the ‘beacon receiver’ section of
the I/O setup page will display the beacon frequency
and signal strength, as well as the distance from the
transmitter to the beacon receiver. At the bottom of the
beacon receiver field, a status message will keep you
informed of DGPS activity:

• A ‘Tuning’ message will be displayed while a bea­con signal is being tuned.

• Once the beacon signal has been tuned, a
‘Receiving’ message will be displayed.

• If a beacon signal is tuned and no corrections are
being received, a ‘No Data’ message will be dis­played.

• If a beacon signal cannot be tuned, a ‘No Status’
message will be displayed.

The message page will alert you to any problems
relating to DGPS operation. You may also monitor the
DGPS status from the status field on the interface page.
The GPS 126/128 will display one of three alert mes­sages concerning DGPS operation:

No DGPS Position—

there is not enough data

available to compute a DGPS position.

No RTCM Input—

the beacon receiver is not
properly connected or the baud rates do not
match.

RTCM Input Failed—

DGPS data was being

received but has been lost.

REFERENCE

DGPS Interface

Choose an interface
option based upon what
equipment you are using
to transfer information.

Once the RTCM/NMEA
option is selected, you can
manually tune the beacon
receiver from the frequen­cy field.

45

REFERENCE

System Setup,

Date/Time &

Time Format

The GPS 126/128’s two
operating modes are
accessed through the sys­tem setup submenu.

To display the correct
local time, you must enter
the appropriate offset
from the chart at the end
of Appendix C.

System Setup

The system setup page is used to select the operat­ing mode, time offset, and screen preferences. The GPS
126/128 has two operating modes:

Normal Mode

•

operates the unit using satellite

tracking information.

Simulator Mode

•

allows you to operate the unit
without acquiring satellites, and is ideal for prac­ticing or entering waypoints and routes while at
home.

To select an operating mode:

1. Highlight the ‘mode’ field, and press F.

2. Select a mode, and press

F

.

Date and Time Setup

The date and time is located directly below the

mode field.

Note: Date and time information is derived from the

GPS satellites and cannot be changed by the user.

Because the time shown is UTC time (Greenwich
mean time), you will need to enter a time offset to dis­play the correct local time for your area. To determine
the time offset for your area, note your position and
refer to the chart in Appendix D.

To enter the time offset:

1. Highlight the ‘offset’ field, and press F.

2. Enter the time offset, and press

F

.

Note: Move the cursor to the left to change the plus
or minus sign.

Time Format

The time display shown on the system setup and
Position Pages may be set to display the time in a 12- or
24-hour format.

To select the time format:

1. Highlight the ‘hours’ field, and press F.

2. Select 12- or 24-hour display, and press

F

.

46

Screen Contrast

The GPS 126/128 has adjustable screen contrast

controlled by an on-screen bar scale.

To set the screen contrast from the Menu Page:

1. Highlight the ‘contrast’ field, and press F.

2. Adjust the bar scale to the desired contrast, and
press

F

.

Note: The screen contrast can also be adjusted by
pressing the rocker keypad while viewing the Satellite
Page (see pg. 13).

Screen Backlighting Timer

The screen backlight timer is adjustable for 15, 30,
60, 120, or 240 seconds. The timer also may be set to
the “Stay On” setting for continuous use. Whenever
backlighting is on, a bulb icon will appear on the
Satellite Page.

To set the backlight timer:

1. Highlight the ‘light’ field, and press F.

2. Select the desired setting, and press

3. To turn lighting on and off, press the

F

P

.

briefly.

Navigation Setup

The navigation setup submenu page is used to
select units of measurement for position formats, map
datums, CDI scale, units, and heading information.

Position Formats

The default position format for the GPS 126/128 is
latitude and longitude in degrees and minutes
(hdddºmm.mmm’). You may also select degrees, min­utes and seconds (hdddºmm’ss.s’’); degrees only
(hddd.dddddº); UTM/UPS coordinates; or British,
German, Irish, Maidenhead, Swedish, Swiss, or Taiwan,
or User grid formats.

To select a position format:

1. Highlight the ‘position format’ field, and press F.
Select the desired setting, and press

F

.

REFERENCE

Screen Contrast

& Backlighting

The “Stay On” setting will
keep your backlighting on
continuously.

The position format may
be set to display your
choice of many formats.
Note: degree and minutes
is the default setting.

47

REFERENCE

Datums, CDI

Settings, &

Measurement

The default map datum
will cover worldwide nav­igation. However, if you
are using a paper map or
chart which uses a differ­ent map datum than WGS
84, then you may wish to
switch to that datum.

User Grid Option

The user grid option lets you create a user-defined
position format by establishing factors such as longitude
of origin, scale, and false Easting or Northing.

To define a user grid:

1. Select ‘User Grid’, and press F. Enter values for
longitude origin, scale, false Easting and Northing,
then press

. Highlight ‘SAVE?’, and press F.

F

Map Datums

The ‘datum’ field is located just below the ‘position’
field and comes with a WGS 84 default setting.
Although 106 total map datums are available for use
(see Appendix D for map datums), you should only
change the datum if you are using maps or charts that
specify a different datum than WGS 84.

To select a map datum:

1. Highlight the ‘datum’ field, and press F.

2. Select the desired setting, and press

To define a user datum:

1. Highlight the ‘datum’ field, and press F.

2. Scroll through the map datum options until ‘User’
appears, and press

3. Enter values for ‘DX’, ‘DY’, ‘DZ’, ‘DA’, and ‘DF’ using the
rocker keypad, and press

4. Highlight ‘SAVE?’, and press
will reappear.

F

.

F

.

F

.

F

. The setup menu

The user datum feature
allows you to define the
earth model used to calcu­late position coordinates.

WARNING: Incorrect
entries may result in sub­stantial position errors.

48

CDI Scale Settings

The course deviation indicator (CDI) field lets you
select the +/- range of the CDI bar scale on the Highway
Page. Three scales are available: +/- 0.25 (default), 1.25,
and 5.0 miles or kilometers. Note: This CDI value rep­resents the full deflection of scale to either side.

To enter a CDI scale setting:

1. Highlight the ‘cdi scale’ field, and press F.

2. Select the desired setting, and press

F

.

Units of Measure

The GPS 126/128 lets you select statute (default),
nautical, or metric units of measure for all ‘speed’ and
‘distance’ fields.

To change the unit of measure:

1. Highlight the ‘units’ field, and press F.

2. Select the desired unit of measure, and press

F

.

Speed Filter

The speed filter allows you to determine how the
GPS 126/128 responds to changes in track or ground
speed. Three settings are available: automatic, on, or
off. The ‘Auto’ setting is the default and will monitor
changes in your current track and speed and adjust the
receiver’s response time automatically. The ‘On’ setting
allows you to manually enter a response time up to
300 seconds. Selecting a higher setting may be desir­able in slow-speed applications with frequent changes
in track.

To enter a value for the speed filter:

REFERENCE

Speed Filter and

Magnetic

Heading

1. Highlight the ‘SPEED FILTER’ field and press F.

2. Select the ‘ON’ option and press

3. Highlight the “speed value” field and press the
key.

4. Use

5. Press the

and Dto select the desired number of

U

seconds.

key to confirm the selection.

F

F

.

F

Magnetic Heading Reference

The GPS 126/128’s heading information can be dis­played referencing magnetic north (automatic or user­defined), true north, or calculated grid headings. The
default setting is automatic magnetic north, which is
suitable for most applications.

To select a heading reference:

1. Highlight the ‘heading’ field, and press F.

2. Select the desired heading preference, and press
.

F

To enter a user-defined magnetic heading:

. 1. Select ‘User Mag’ and press F.

2. Press

netic variation, then press

, enter the degrees and direction of mag-

F

F

.

The number entered repre­sents a window of time the
GPS 126/128 considers in
adjusting to changes in
speed and track. For exam­ple, if 12 seconds is entered,
the speed displayed will
constantly represent the
speed averaged over the last
12 seconds.

To enter a user-defined
magnetic variation, select
the ‘User Mag’ option and
enter the desired direction
and value.

49

REFERENCE

Alarms Setup

When activated, the arrival
alarm will sound when you
reach the specified distance
from your destination
waypoint.

Alarms Setup

The alarms setup page is used to set the three
alarms available on the GPS 126/128: the anchor drag
alarm, arrival alarm, and CDI alarm.

The anchor drag alarm will sound if your boat has
moved outside a range measured from a central point
(your position). The arrival alarm sounds when you are
approaching a waypoint and have reached the user
defined distance. The CDI alarm will alert you when
your track varies from the shortest distance to a way­point by the defined range.

The arrival and CDI alarms may be set from 0.0 to

9.9 units. The anchor drag alarm may be set up to 9.99
distance units.

To set the alarms:

1. Move the highlight to ‘ALARMS SETUP’ and press
.

F

2. Select the desired alarm distance field and press

.

F

3. Enter the distance for the alarm and press

4. If you would like to change the ‘On/Off’ setting, press

the

key and use the Uand Dkeys to turn

F

the alarm on or off.

F

.

Use the CDI alarm to
ensure you maintain a
straight-line course to the
destination waypoint.

50

5. Enter a setting and press the

When setting the anchor drag alarm, remember

!

that Selective Availability can degrade your

#

GPS position as much as 100 meters and may
cause false anchor drag alerts.

F

key.

Navigation Simulator

The GPS 126/128’s simulator mode lets you prac­tice all aspects of its operation without active satellite
acquisition. You can plan and practice trips, enter new
waypoints and routes, and save them for use during
normal operation.

To activate the simulator:

1. From the Menu Page, highlight ‘SYSTEM SETUP’, and
press

2. Highlight the ‘mode’ field, and press

3. Select ‘Simulator?’, and press

Once the simulator mode has been activated, use
the Position, Compass, or Highway Page to set your
speed and track by highlighting the appropriate field,
entering the desired value, and pressing
also enter a new position if you desire (from the
Position Page).

The GPS 126/128 does not track satellites in

!

simulator mode. Although you can create and

#

save waypoints and routes while using the
simulator mode, never attempt to use the simu­lator mode for actual navigation.

F

.

.

F

.

F

. You may

F

REFERENCE

Navigation

Simulator

Select the simulator mode
from the operation mode
choices and press ENTER.
You may return to normal
operation by changing the
operation mode or by
turning the unit off.

51

APPENDIX A

Initialization

Welcome Page

The EZinit prompt will
automatically appear if
the receiver needs to be
initialized. The prompt
may also appear during
normal use if the antenna
is shaded.

Initializing for First-Time Use

The GPS 126/128 typically acquires a position so
fast that initialization is automatic. However, initializa­tion will be necessary for the following:

• After memory loss

• When the receiver has been moved more than
500 miles with the power off

Additionally, it may be necessary to initialize the
unit the first time you use it, if it does not acquire a fix
in a few minutes.

The receiver is shipped from the factory in
AutoLocate™ mode, which enables the GPS 126/128 to
determine its location anywhere in the world. To speed
up the initialization process, we recommend using the
graphic initialization described below.

To turn the GPS 126/128 on:

1. Press and hold Puntil the receiver turns on.

The welcome page will be displayed while the unit
conducts a self test.

Once testing is complete, the welcome page will be
replaced by the Satellite Page, with the EZinit prompt
ready for you to select one of two initialization
methods:

•Select Country––allows you to initialize the
receiver by selecting your present position from a
list of countries in the GPS 126/128’s internal data­base. This may speed up the initialization process.

TM

•Autolocate

––allows the GPS 126/128 to initial­ize itself and calculate a position fix without know­ing your present position. This usually provides a
position fix in 3-5 minutes.

If the EZinit prompt has not automatically
appeared on the Satellite Page:

1. Press the Fkey.

Note: If the EZinit prompt ever appears after you
have initialized the receiver (due to the antennas view
of satellites being obstructed by trees, etc.), highlight
the ‘no re-init’ selection with the arrow keypad and

F

.

press

52

To initialize the receiver:

APPENDIX A

1. If the ‘country’ option is not highlighted, press the
key repeatedly to move the field highlight to the
‘COUNTRY’ option.

2. Press the

3. Use theDkey to scroll through the list options until
the country of your present position appears.

4. Use the
you’re in. If the country you’re in is not listed, select
another country within 500 miles of your present
position.

5. Press

key.

F

U

key to highlight the country/state/region

to finish.

F

D

The GPS 126/128 will now begin searching for the
appropriate satellites for your location and should
acquire a position within 3-5 minutes. You can verify
that you have acquired a position by watching the
Satellite Page transition to the Position Page (provided
you haven’t pressed any other buttons) or by looking
for a ‘2D NAV’ or ‘3D NAV’ status at the top-left corner
of the Satellite Page.

Initialization Troubleshooting

If you have trouble initializing the receiver or
acquiring a position, check the following:

• Does the unit have a clear view of the sky?

If there are large buildings or mountains nearby, or

if there is heavy tree cover, the receiver may not be

receiving enough satellite signals to calculate a

position.

• Have you selected the right country/state/region
from the EZinit list?

Check for the correct approximate lat/lon on the
Position Page, or reselect the appropriate country
from the list to restart the initialization.

• Have you moved more than 500 miles from the
last calculated position with the receiver off?

Reinitialize the receiver, selecting the country/state/
region of your new location from the EZinit list.

Initialization

Use the arrow keypad to
highlight the country,
region, or state of your
present position from the
list and press ENTER. If
the country is not listed,
select the closest country
instead.

53

APPENDIX B

Installation

Mounting the GPS 126

The GARMIN GPS 126 should be mounted in an
exposed location with an unobstructed view of the sky.
The unit comes with a gimbal bracket that can be used
to surface mount the unit. When choosing a location
for the display unit, make sure you consider the follow­ing conditions:

• There should be at least 2” (5 cm) clearance
behind the case to allow connection of the
power/data cable.

• The mounting surface should be rigid enough to
support the unit and protect it from excessive
vibration and shock.

• The built in antenna has an unobstructed view of
the sky.

To surface mount the GPS 126:

54

1. Place the mounting bracket in the desired location.

2. Mark and drill the four mounting holes for the fasten-

ers you are using (not included).

3. Fasten the bracket to the surface using the appropri-

ate fasteners.

4. Insert the GPS 126 into the mounting bracket.

5. Screw the two mounting knobs through the bracket

and into the GPS 126.

6. Connect the power/data cable to the back of the unit,

making sure the locking ring is engaged.

Mounting the GPS 128

The GPS128’s compact case is suitable for mounting
in exposed locations or at the nav station. The unit
comes with a gimbal mount that can be used for sur­face, overhead, or flush mounting the unit. When
choosing a location for the display unit, make sure you
consider the following conditions:

• There should be at least 2” (5 cm) clearance
behind the case to allow connection of the
power/data cable.

• The mounting surface should be rigid enough to
support the unit and protect it from excessive
vibration and shock.

To surface mount the GPS 128:

APPENDIX B

Installation

1. Place the mounting bracket in the desired location.

2. Mark and drill the four mounting holes for the fasten­ers you are using (not included).

3. Fasten the bracket to the surface using the appropri­ate fasteners.

4. Insert the GPS 128 into the mounting bracket.

5. Screw the two mounting knobs through the bracket
and into the GPS 128.

6. Connect the power/data cable and antenna to the
back of the unit, making sure the locking rings are
engaged.

55

Appendix b

Installation

To flush mount the GPS 128:

The GPS 126/128 can be mounted flush with a flat
panel of .08-.52” thickness using the cam lobe feature
on its mounting bracket.

1. Cut a 4.15” W x 4.67” H hole in panel.

2. Place GPS 128 into hole from the front until its flange
rests against the mounting surface.

3. From the back side of the panel, loosely attach the
bracket such that the slot in the ratchet area points
away from the mounting panel.

4. Rotate the bracket downward until the panel
is pinched tightly between the units flange
and bracket lobe.

56

5. Tighten knobs and connect the power/data
and antenna cables. Note: If the panel is too thick to
allow use of the supplied knobs, use two M6 screws to
secure the bracket.

Mounting the GPS 128 antenna

The antenna should be mounted in a location that has
a clear, unobstructed view of the sky in all directions to
ensure the best reception. Avoid mounting the antenna
where it will be shaded by the boats superstructure, a
radome antenna, or mast. Sailboat users should avoid
mounting the antenna high on the mast to prevent inac­curate speed readings caused by excessive heeling. Most
marine VHF and loran antennas will not seriously
degrade the GPS antennas reception. Never paint the
antenna or clean it with harsh solvents.

The GARMIN antenna screws directly onto any stan­dard 1” x 14-thread antenna mount. If you need to raise
the antenna to avoid shading, try using a 1” x 14-thread
extension mast available at most marine dealers.

To install the GPS antenna:

Appendix b

Installation

BEST

1. Screw the antenna directly onto the 1” x 14-thread
mount.

2. Route the cable to the mounting location of the
display unit. Use the appropriate tie-wraps,
escutcheon plates and sealant to secure the cable
along the route and through any bulkhead or deck.

3. Once the GPS 128 has been installed, connect the
cable to the antenna connector on the back of the
display unit. Make sure that you turn the antenna
cable connector 1/4 turn clockwise to lock the
cable into

place.

BETTER

GOOD

57

APPENDIX C

Specifications &

Wiring

PHYSICAL

Case: Waterproof*
Size: 4.9”H x 5.3”W x 2.4”D

(15.6 x 5.1 x 1.23 cm)
Weight: Less than 1 lb. (454g)
Temperature Range: 5º to 158ºF (-15º to 70ºC)

PERFORMANCE

Receiver: 12 Parallel-Channel
Acquisition Time: Approx. 15 seconds (warm)

Update Rate: 1/second, continuous
Position Accuracy: 1-5 meters (3-17 ft.) with DGPS corrections**

Velocity Accuracy: 0.1 knot RMS steady state
Dynamics: Performs specification to 6g’s

The GPS 126/128 is constructed of high quality
materials and should not require user maintenance. Should your
unit ever need repair, please take it to an authorized GARMIN ser­vice center or contact the GARMIN customer service department.
The GPS 126/128 has no user serviceable parts. Never attempt
any repairs yourself.

To protect your GPS, never allow gasoline or other solvents to
come in contact with the case or screen. Clean the case and screen
with a soft cloth and a household window cleaner.

Approx. 45 seconds (cold)
Approx. 5 minutes (AutoLocate)

15 meters (49 ft.) RMS***

POWER

Input: 10-40v DC
Usage: 2 watts

Specifications subject to change without notice

* Meets IEC (European Community Specification) 529 IPX7 for protection against immer-

sion for 30 minutes at a depth of 1 meter.

** With optional GARMIN GBR 21 Beacon Receiver Input.

58

***Subject to accuracy degradation to 100m 2DRMS under the U.S. DOD-imposed Selective

Availability Program.

Connecting the power/data cable

PIN 1 (red): 10-40 volts DC

PIN 2 (black): Ground

PIN 3 (blue): NMEA out

PIN 4 (brown): NMEA in

PIN 5 (white): No connection

PIN 6 (green): No connection

PIN 7 (yellow): alarm low

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

Pin assignment

(-) (+)

10-40 volts DC

Autopilot/

NMEA Device

GBR 21

Beacon

Receiver

Alarm/
Relay

(-)

Shield Grounded

Through GPS

(+)

APPENDIX C

The power/data cable connects the GPS 126/128 sys­tem to a 10-40 volt DC power source and provides inter­face capabilities for connecting NMEA devices and an
external alarm The diagram below indicates the appropri-

Specifications &

Wiring

ate harness connections.

To connect the GPS 126/128 to a power source:

1. Connect the RED harness lead to the positive side of a 10-40 volt DC power source. Make sure
the power lead has an in-line 1-amp fuse installed.

2. Connect the BLACK harness lead to a ground strip or the negative side of a
10-40 volt DC power source.

To connect an external alarm, connect the ground side of the alarm device to the
YELLOW harness lead. (100 mA DC load max.) The following interface formats are sup­ported by the GPS 126/128 for driving three NMEA devices:

NMEA 0180, NMEA 0182,

NMEA 0183 version 1.5:

Approved sentences:

GPBWC, GPGLL, GPRMB, GPRMC, GPXTE,
GPVTG, GPWPL, GPBOD

Proprietary sentences:

PGRMM (map datum), PGRMZ
(altitude), PSLIB (beacon rec. control)

NMEA 0183 version 2.0:

Approved sentences:

GPGGA, GPGLL, GPGSA, GPGSV,

GPRMB, GPRMC, GPRTE, GPWPL, GPBOD

Proprietary sentences:

PGRME (estimated error), PGRMM (map
datum), PGRMZ (altitude), PSLIB (beacon
receiver control)

59

APPENDIX D

The GPS 126/128 uses a flashing on-screen message
indicator to alert you to important information. Whenever
the message indicator appears, press PAGE to view the

Messages &

Time Offsets

message page. There are two types of messages: temporary
alerts and condition alerts. Temporary alerts are cleared
from the message page after viewing, while condition
alerts remain until the condition has been resolved. Pay
careful attention to all messages for your own safety.

Active WPT Can’t be Deleted—You have attempted to change the “active to” or
“active from” waypoint. Clear the active route or GOTO before making your changes.

Accuracy has been Degraded—The accuracy of the GPS 126/128 has been degraded
beyond 500 meters due to poor satellite geometry or data quality. You should check
other navigational sources to verify the position indicated.

Already Exists—The name you are entering already exists in the GPS 126/128’s mem­ory.

Approaching—You are one minute away from reaching a destination waypoint.
No DGPS Position—Not enough data is available to compute a DGPS position.

No RTCM Input—
Poor GPS Coverage—The GPS 126/128 cannot acquire the necessary number of

satellites to compute a position. Try another location with a clearer view of the sky.
Power Down and Re-init—The GPS 126/128 is not able to calculate a position due

to abnormal satellite conditions. Turn the unit off and verify the last position shown by
other means. Try the unit again later, possibly in a different location.

Read Only Mem has Failed—The permanent memory has failed and the unit is not
operable.

Received an Invalid WPT—A waypoint was received during upload transfer that has
an invalid identifier.

Receiver has Failed—A failure in receiver hardware has been detected. If this mes­sage persists, do not use the unit and take it to an authorized dealer for repair.

Route is Full—You have attempted to add more than 30 waypoints to a route.
Route is not Empty—You have attempted to copy into a route already in use.
Route Waypoint Can’t be Deleted—The waypoint you are trying to delete is part of

a route. Delete the waypoint from the route before removing it from memory.
Route Waypoint was Deleted—A route waypoint entered does not exist in the data-

base and has been deleted from the route.
RTCM Input has Failed—DGPS data being received has been lost. You are no longer

receiving the beacon signal.
Searching the Sky—The GPS 126/128 is in searching the sky for almanac data or the

unit is in AutoLocate

Beacon receiver is improperly connected or baud rates do not match.

TM

mode.

60

APPENDIX D

Messages &

Time Offsets

Stored Data was Lost—All waypoints, routes, time and almanac data has been lost
due to internal battery failure or clearing the receiver’s memory.

Transfer has been Completed—The receiver is finished uploading or downloading
information to the connected device.

WPT Memory is Full—You have used all 500 waypoints in the GPS 126/128. Delete
unwanted waypoints to make room for new entries.

Time Offset Chart

The table below gives approximate UTC time offset for various longitudi-

nal zones. If you are in daylight savings time, add one hour to the offset.

Longitudinal Zone Offset Longitudinal Zone Offset

W180.0º to W172.5º -12 E007.5º to E022.5º 1
W172.5º to W157.5º -11 E022.5º to E037.5º 2
W157.5º to W142.5º -10 E037.5º to E052.5º 3
W142.5º to W127.5º -9 E052.5º to E067.5º 4
W127.5º to W112.5º -8 E067.5º to E082.5º 5
W112.5º to W097.5º -7 E082.5º to E097.5º 6
W097.5º to W082.5º -6 E097.5º to E112.5º 7
W082.5º to W067.5º -5 E112.5º to E127.5º 8
W067.5º to W052.5º -4 E127.5º to E142.5º 9
W052.5º to W037.5º -3 E142.5º to E157.5º 10
W037.5º to W022.5º -2 E157.5º to E172.5º 11
W022.5º to W007.5º -1 E172.5º to E180.0º 12
W007.5º to E007.5º 0

61

APPENDIX E

Map Datums

The following list shows the map datums available for
the GPS 126/128 Menu page abbreviations are listed first,
followed by the corresponding map datum name and area.
The default map datum for the GPS 126/128 is WGS 84.

Adindan Adindan- Ethiopia, Mali,

Senegal, Sudan

Afgooye Afgooye- Somalia
AIN EL ABD ‘70 AIN EL ANBD 1970- Bahrain

Island, Saudi Arabia

Anna 1 Ast ‘65 Anna 1 Astro ‘65- Cocos Isl.
ARC 1950 ARC 1950- Botswana,

Lesotho, Malawi, Swaziland,
Zaire, Zambia, Zimbabwe

ARC 1960 ARC 1960- Kenya, Tanzania
Ascnsn Isld ‘58 Ascension Island ‘58-

Ascension Island

Astro B4 Sorol Astro B4 Sorol Atoll- Tern

Island

Astro Bcn “E” Astro Beacon “E”- Iwo Jima
Astro Dos 71/4 Astro Dos 71/4- St. Helena
Astr Stn ‘52 Astronomic Stn ‘52- Marcus

Island

Astrln Geod ‘66 Australian Geod ‘66-

Australia, Tasmania Island

Astrln Geod ‘84 Australian Geod ‘84-

Australia, Tasmania Island

Austria Austria
Bellevue (IGN) Efate and Erromango Islands
Bermuda 1957 Bermuda 1957- Bermuda

Islands

Bogata Observ Bogata Obsrvatry- Colombia
Campo Inchspe Campo Inchauspe- Argentina
Canton Ast ‘66 Canton Astro 1966- Phoenix

Islands

Cape Cape- South Africa
Cape Canavrl Cape Canaveral- Florida,

Bahama Islands

Carthage Carthage- Tunisia
CH-1903 CH 1903- Switzerland
Chatham 1971 Chatham 1971- Chatham

Island (New Zealand)

Chua Astro Chua Astro- Paraguay
Corrego Alegr Corrego Alegre- Brazil
Djakarta Djakarta (Batavia)- Sumatra

Island (Indonesia)

Dos 1968 Dos 1968- Gizo Island

Easter Isld 67 Easter Island 1967

(New Georgia Islands)

European 1950 European 1950- Austria,

Belgium, Denmark, Finland,
France, Germany, Gibraltar,
Greece, Italy, Luxembourg,
Netherlands, Norway,
Portugal, Spain, Sweden,
Switzerland

European 1979 European 1979- Austria,

Finland, Netherlands,
Norway, Spain, Sweden,
Switzerland

Finland Hayfrd Finland Hayford- Finland
Gandajika Base Gandajika Base- Republic of

Maldives

Geod Datm ‘49 Geodetic Datum ‘49-

New Zealand

Guam 1963 Guam 1963- Guam Island
Gux 1 Astro Gux 1 Astro- Guadalcanal

Island

Hjorsey 1955 Hjorsey 1955- Iceland
Hong Kong ‘63 Hong Kong ‘63- Hong Kong
Hu-Tzu-Shan Taiwan
Indian Bngldsh Indian- Bangladesh, India,

Nepal

Indian Thailand Indian- Thailand, Vietnam
Indonesia ‘74 Indonesia 1974- Indonesia
Ireland 1965 Ireland 1965- Ireland
ISTS 073 Astro ISTS 073 ASTRO ‘69-

Diego Garcia

Johnston Island Johnston Island Kandawala

Kandawala- Sri Lanka

Kerguelen Islnd Kerguelen Island, Kandawala,

Sri Lanka

Kertau 1948 Kertau 1948- West Malaysia,

Singapore

L. C. 5 Astro Cayman Brac Island
Liberia 1964 Liberia 1964- Liberia
Luzon Mindanao Luzon- Mindanao Island
Luzon Philippine Luzon- Philippines

(excluding Mindanao Island)

62

Mahe 1971 Mahe 1971- Mahe Island
Marco Astro Marco Astro- Salvage Island
Massawa Massawa- Eritrea (Ethiopia)
Merchich Merchich- Morocco
Midway Ast ‘61 Midway Astro ‘61- Midway
Minna Minna- Nigeria
NAD27 Alaska North American 1927- Alaska
NAD27 Bahamas North American 1927-

Bahamas (excluding San
Salvador Island)

NAD27 Canada North American 1927-

Canada and Newfoundland

NAD27 Canal Zone North Am. 1927- Canal Zone
NAD27 Caribbn North American 1927-

Caribbean (Barbados, Caicos
Islands, Cuba, Dom. Rep.,
Grand Cayman, Jamaica,
Leeward and Turks Islands)

NAD27 Central North American 1927-

Central America (Belize, Costa
Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala,
Honduras, Nicaragua)

NAD27 CONUS North Am. 1927- Mean Value
NAD27 Cuba North American 1927- Cuba
NAD27 Grnland North American 1927-

Greenland (Hayes Peninsula)

NAD27 Mexico N. American 1927- Mexico
NAD27 San Sal North American 1927- San

Salvador Island

NAD83 North American 1983- Alaska,

Canada, Central America,
CONUS, Mexico

Nhrwn Masirah Nahrwn- Masirah Island

(Oman)

Nhrwn Saudi A Nahrwn- Saudi Arabia
Nhrwn United A Nahrwn- United Arab

Emirates

Naparima BWI Naparima BWI- Trinidad and

Tobago

Obsrvtorio ‘66 Observatorio 1966- Corvo

and Flores Islands (Azores)

Old Egyptian Old Egyptian- Egypt
Old Hawaiian Old Hawaiian- Mean Value
Oman Oman- Oman
Ord Srvy GB Old Survey Grt Britn-

England, Isle of Man,
Scotland, Shetland Isl., Wales

Pico De Las Nv Canary Islands
Potsdam Potsdam-Germany
Ptcairn Ast ‘67 Pitcairn Astro ‘67- Pitcairn Is

APPENDIX E

Map Datums

Prov S Am ‘56 Prov So Amricn ‘56- Bolivia,

Chile,Colombia, Ecuador,
Guyana, Peru, Venezuela

Prov S Chln ‘63 Prov So Chilean ‘63- S. Chile
Puerto Rico Puerto Rico & Virgin Islands
Qatar National Qatar National- Qatar
Qornoq Qornoq- South Greenland
Reunion Reunion- Mascarene Island
Rome 1940 Rome 1940- Sardinia Island
RT 90 Sweden
Santo (Dos) Santo (Dos)- Espirito Santo

Island

Sao Braz Sao Braz- Sao Miguel, Santa

Maria Islands (Azores)

Sapper Hill ‘43 Sapper Hill 1943- East

Falkland Island

Schwarzeck Schwarzeck- Namibia
Sth Amrcn ‘69 South American ‘69-

Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil,
Chile, Colombia, Ecuador,
Guyana, Paraguay, Peru,
Venezuela, Trinidad and
Tobago

South Asia South Asia- Singapore
SE Base Southeast Base- Porto Santo

and Madiera Islands

SW Base Southwest Base- Faial,

Graciosa, Pico, Sao Jorge and
Terceira Islands (Azores)

Timbalai 1948 Timbalai 1948- Brunei and E.

Malaysia (Sarawak and Sabah)

Tokyo Tokyo- Japan, Korea, Okinawa
Tristan Ast ‘68 Tristan Astro 1968- Tristan da

Cunha

Viti Levu 1916 Viti Levu 1916- Viti Levu/ Fiji

Islands

Wake-Eniwetok Wake-Eniwetok- Marshall Isl.
WGS 72 World Geodetic System 1972
WGS 84 World Geodetic System 1984
Zanderij Zanderij- Surinam

63

APPENDIX F

Index

A

Activating a Route . . . . . .30

Active Route Page . . . . . .31

Altitude (ALT) . . . . . . . . . . . . .18

Antenna Installation . . . . .57

AutoLocate™ Mode . . . . .52

Average Speed (AVSPD) . .17

B

Backlighting . . . . . . . . . . 15, 47

Beacon Receiver Setup 44, 45

Bearing . . . . . . . . . . . . .2, 4

C

CDI . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .35

Cancelling a GOTO . . . . .25

Cautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . .iii

Clearing Routes . . . . . . . .30

Clearing the Track Log 13, 42

Clock . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .46

Compass Page 12, 33, 34, 36
Configuring the Map Page 40

Contrast . . . . . . . . . .13, 47

Copying Routes . . . . . . . .31

Course deviation indicator 35
Course to Steer (CTS) . . .34

Creating Routes . . . . . . . .30

Crosstrack Error (XTK) . .34

Deleting Waypoints . . . . .24

Distance/Sun Calculations 43

E

EPE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15

EZinit . . . . . . . . . . . .16, 52

Editing Routes . . . . . . . . .32

Elapsed Time (ELPSD) . . .17

Emergency Erase . . . . . . .16

Est. Time Enroute (ETE) .34
Est. Time of Arrival (ETA) 34
European Community Spec58

G

GOTO . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25

Getting Started Tour . . . . .11

Going To a Waypoint . . . . . . . .11

Graphic steering . . . . . . .33

H

Highway Page . . . .11, 33, 34, 35

Heading . . . . . . . . . . . . .49

I

I/O format . . . . . . . . . . . .44

Initializing . . . . . . . . . . . .52

Interface Setup . . . . . . . . .44

Inverting a Route . . . . . . .30

D

DGPS Interface . . . . . . . .45

Date and Time . . . . . . . . .46

64

M

Magnetic Heading . . . . . .49

Man Overboard . . . . . . . .25

Map Cursor . . . . . . . . . . .37

Map Datums . . . . . . .48, 62

Map Orientation . . . .40, 41

Map Page . . . . . . . . . 10, 37

Map Setup . . . . . . . . . . . .40

Marking a Position . . . .8, 18

Maximum Speed (MXSPD)17

Menu Page . . . . . . . . . .7, 43

Memory Erase . . . . . . . . . . . . .16

Messages . . . . . . . . . . 60, 61

N

NMEA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 59

Navigating Routes . . . . . .28

Navigation Basics . . . . . . . .4

Navigation Pages . . . . .7, 33

Navigation Setup . . . . . . .47

Nearest Waypoints . . . . . .20

O

On-Route GOTO . . . . . . .32

Operating modes . . . . . . .46

P

Panning . . . . . . . . . . . . . .38

Position Accuracy . . . . . .50

Position Averaging . . . . . .19

Position Formats . . . . . . .47

Position Page . . . . . . . .6, 16

Primary Pages . . . . . . . . . .6

Proximity Waypoints . . . .21

APPENDIX F

Index

R

Receiver Status . . . . . . . . .15

Reference Waypoints . . . .22

Renaming Waypoints . . . .24

Repairs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .58

Route Definition Page . . . .29

Route Navigation . . . . . . .28

S

Satellite Page . . . . . . . .6, 14

Scanning Waypoints . . . . .24

Screen Backlighting . .15, 47

Screen Contrast . . . . .13, 47

Signal Strength Bars . . . . .14

Simulator . . . . . . . . . . . . .51

Sky View . . . . . . . . . . . . .14

Specifications . . . . . . . . . .58

Symbols . . . . . . . . . . .23, 39

System Setup . . . . . . . . . .46

T

Time Format . . . . . . . . . .46

Time Offset . . . . . . . . . . .46

TracBack Navigation . . . . .26

TracBack Tips . . . . . . .26, 27

Track Log Display . . . . . .42

Track Method . . . . . . . . .42

Track Setup Page . . . . . . .40

Trip Timer (TTIME) . . . . .17

Troubleshooting . . . . . . . .53

Turn (TRN) . . . . . . . . . . .34

Trip odometer . . . . . . . . .17

65

APPENDIX f

Index

U

Units of Measure . . . . . . .48

User-defined route . . . . . .30

User Grid . . . . . . . . . . . .48

Using the Keypad . . . . . . .5

Using the Position Page . . .9

V

Velocity Made Good (VMG) 3

W

Warranty . . . . . . . . . . . . .67

Waypoint Comments . . . .23

Waypoint Definition . . . . .22

Waypoint List . . . . . . . . . 20

Waypoint Pages . . . . . . . .19

Waypoint Symbols . . 23, 39

Web Site Address . . . . . . . .i

Z

Zooming . . . . . . . . . . . . .40

66

LIMITED WARRANTY

GARMIN International warrants this product to be free from
defects in materials and workmanship for one year from the date of
purchase. GARMIN will at its sole option, repair or replace any com­ponents which fail in normal use. Such repairs or replacement will
be made at no charge to the customer for parts or labor. The cus­tomer is, however, responsible for any transportation costs. This war­ranty does not cover failures due to abuse, misuse, accident or unau­thorized alteration or repairs. GARMIN assumes no responsibility for
special, incidental, punitive or consequential damages, or loss of use.

The warranties and remedies contained herein are exclusive and
in lieu of all other warranties expressed or implied, including any lia­bility arising under warranty of merchantability or fitness for a par­ticular purpose, statutory or otherwise. This warranty gives you spe­cific legal rights, which may vary from state to state.

To obtain warranty service, call the GARMIN Customer Service
department (913-397-8200) for a returned merchandise tracking
number. The unit should be securely packaged with the tracking
number clearly marked on the outside of the package, and sent
freight prepaid and insured to a GARMIN warranty service station. A
copy of the original sales receipt is required as the proof of purchase
for warranty repairs. GARMIN retains the exclusive right to repair or
replace the unit or software at its sole discretion.

67

NOTES

© 1997 GARMIN International

®

1200 E. 151st Street, Olathe, KS USA 66062

GARMIN (Europe) Ltd. - Unit 5, The Quadrangle,

Abbey Park, Romsey, UK SO51 9AQ

GARMIN (Asia) Corp., 4th Fl., No. 1, Lane 45,

Pao-Hsing Road, Hsin Tein, Taiwan R.O.C.

Part Number 190-00151-00 Rev. A Printed in Taiwan