Furuno FR-1710 User Manual

MARINE RADAR
MODEL
FR-1710/1725/1760DS
A
(
C
9-52, Ashihara-cho, Nishinomiya, Japan
Telephone: 0798-65-2111 Telefax: 0798-65-4200
ll rights reserved.
Printed in Japan
Your Local Agent/Dealer
FIRST EDITION : NOV. 1998 L : APR. 9, 2001
PUB. No. OME-34530
YOSH)
FR-1700 SERIES

SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS

DANGER
Before turning on the radar, make sure that there is no one near the antenna.
Serious injury or even death may result if a rotating antenna strikes someone standing nearby.
WARNING
Radio Frequency Radiation Hazard
The radar scanner emits electromagnetic radio frequency (RF) energy which can be harmful, particularly to your eyes. Never look directly into the scanner aperture from a close distance while the radar is in oper­ation or expose yourself to the transmitting scanner at a close distance.
WARNING
Do not place liquid-filled containers on the top of the equipment.
Fire or electrical shock can result if a liquid spills into the equipment.
Do not operate the equipment with wet hands.
Electrical shock can result.
Keep heater away from equipment.
Heat can alter equipment shape and melt the power cord, which can cause fire or electrical shock.
Distances at which RF radiation levels of 100 and 10 W/m table below.
Note: If the scanner unit is installed at a close distance in front of the wheelhouse, your administration may require halt of transmission within a certain sector of scanner revolution. This is possible Ask your FURUNO representative or dealer to provide this feature.
Model
FR-1760DS
FR-1710
FR-1725
2
exist are given in the
Radiator
type
SN4A — 1.2 m SN5A — 1.0 m
XN12AF — 0.15 m XN20AF — —
XN20AF — 1.1 m
SN24AF — 1.0 m
Distance to
100W/m
point
Distance to
2
10W/m
point
2
i
WARNING
WARNING
DANGER
DANGER
DANGER
Danger/Warning Labels in Display Unit
ELECTRICAL SHOCK HAZARD
Do not open the equipment.
Only qualified personnel should work inside the equipment.
Turn off the radar power switch before servicing the scanner unit. Post a warn­ing sign near the switch indicating it should not be turned on while the scanner unit is being serviced.
Prevent the potential risk of being struck by the rotating scanner and exposure to RF radiation hazard.
Wear a safety belt and hard hat when working on the scanner unit.
This radar system contains the danger/ warning labels shown below. Do not remove the labels. If a label is peeling off or is illeg­ible, contact a FURUNO agent for replace­ment.
WARNING
To avoid electrical shock, do not remove cover. No user-serviceable parts inside.
Name : Warning Label Type : 86-003-1011 Code No. : 100-236-230
DANGER
Electrical shock hazard. Do not touch parts inside this cover.
Serious injury or death can result if someone falls from the radar scanner mast.
Do not disassemble or modify the equipment.
Fire, electrical shock or serious injury can result.
Turn off the power immediately if water leaks into the equipment or the equip­ment is emitting smoke or fire.
Continued use of the equipment can cause fire or electrical shock.
Use the proper fuse.
Fuse rating is shown on the equipment. Use of a wrong fuse can result in equipment damage.
Keep heater away from equipment.
Name : Danger Label Type : 14-055-4202 Code No. : 100-245-220
DANGER
Electrical shock hazard. Turn off power before servicing.
Name : Danger Label Type : 66-022-2012 Code No. : 100-237-730
DANGER
Electrical shock hazard. Do not touch anode cap or its cable.
Name : Danger Label Type : 14-055-4201 Code No. : 100-243-450
Heat can alter equipment shape and melt the power cord, which can cause fire or electrical shock.
ii

TABLE OF CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION.................................................................................v
SYSTEM CONFIGURATION.............................................................vi|
MENU TREE ....................................................................................viii
OPERATIONAL OVERVIEW
1.1 Turning on the Power ................................................................................................... 1-1
1.2 Transmitter ON............................................................................................................. 1-1
1.3 Control Description....................................................................................................... 1-2
1.4 CRT Brilliance .............................................................................................................. 1-3
1.5 Control Panel Backlighting........................................................................................... 1-3
1.6 Tuning the Receiver ..................................................................................................... 1-3
1.7 Degaussing the Screen................................................................................................ 1-4
1.8 Initializing the Compass Readout ................................................................................ 1-4
1.9 On-screen Legends and Markers ................................................................................ 1-5
1.10 Presentation Modes ................................................................................................... 1-6
1.11 Selecting the Range Scale ......................................................................................... 1-8
1.12 Entering Own Ship’s Speed ....................................................................................... 1-9
1.13 Pulselength, Echo Stretch........................................................................................ 1-10
1.14 Adjusting the Sensitivity ........................................................................................... 1-12
1.15 Suppressing Sea Clutter .......................................................................................... 1-12
1.16 Suppressing Precipitation Clutter............................................................................. 1-13
1.17 Interference Rejector ............................................................................................... 1-13
1.18 Measuring the Range............................................................................................... 1-14
1.19 Measuring Bearing................................................................................................... 1-14
1.20 Collision Assessment by the Offset EBL .................................................................. 1-15
1.21 Measuring Range and Bearing Between Two Targets ............................................. 1-15
1.22 Setting a Target Alarm Zone..................................................................................... 1-16
1.23 Off-centering (shift) .................................................................................................. 1-17
1.24 Echo Averaging........................................................................................................ 1-18
1.25 Electronic Plotting Aid (EPA) .................................................................................... 1-19
1.26 Target Trails (Echo T rails) ........................................................................................ 1-22
1.27 Parallel Index Lines.................................................................................................. 1-25
1.28 Origin Mark............................................................................................................... 1-25
1.29 Zoom ........................................................................................................................ 1-26
1.30 Markers .................................................................................................................... 1-26
1.31 User Keys (F1, F2, F3) ............................................................................................ 1-27
1.32 Function Keys .......................................................................................................... 1-27
1.33 Suppressing Second-trace Echoes.......................................................................... 1-29
1.34 Adjusting Brilliance of Screen Data.......................................................................... 1-29
1.35 Noise Rejector.......................................................................................................... 1-30
1.36 Time Alarm ............................................................................................................... 1-30
1.37 Enhanced Video....................................................................................................... 1-30
1.38 Degaussing Interval ................................................................................................. 1-31
1.39 Navigation Data........................................................................................................ 1-31
1.40 Video Contrast ......................................................................................................... 1-32
iii
1.41 Clutter Sweep........................................................................................................... 1-32
1.42 Outputting Target Position........................................................................................ 1-32
1.43 Background Color .................................................................................................... 1-33
1.44 Selecting Range Scales........................................................................................... 1-33
1.45 Selecting Bearing Scale Format .............................................................................. 1-33
1.46 A/D Converter Curve Setting.................................................................................... 1-34
1.47 Enlarging Close-in Targets....................................................................................... 1-34
1.48 Alarms ...................................................................................................................... 1-35
1.49 Peformance Monitor................................................................................................. 1-36
RADAR OBSERVATION
2.1 General ........................................................................................................................ 2-1
2.2 False Echoes ............................................................................................................... 2-2
2.3 SART (Search and Rescue Transponder) ................................................................... 2-3
2.4 RACON (Radar Beacon).............................................................................................. 2-5
MAINTENANCE, TROUBLESHOOTING
3.1 Periodic Maintenance Schedule .................................................................................. 3-1
3.2 Life Expectancy of Major Parts .................................................................................... 3-2
3.3 Fuse Replacement....................................................................................................... 3-3
3.4 Replacement of Batteries............................................................................................. 3-3
3.5 Simple Troubleshooting ............................................................................................... 3-3
3.6 Advanced-level Troubleshooting .................................................................................. 3-4
3.7 Diagnostic Test............................................................................................................. 3-7
PARTS LOCATION ..........................................................................4-1
SPECIFICATIONS.........................................................................SP-1
INDEX
Declaration of Conformity (FR-1760DS)
iv

INTRODUCTION

A Word to the Owner of This FURUNO Radar

Thank you for purchasing this FURUNO radar . We are confident you will discover why FURUNO has become synonymous with quality and reliability.
Dedicated in the design and manufacture of marine electronics equipment for half a century, FURUNO Electric Company has gained an unrivaled reputation as a world leader in the in­dustry. This is the result of our technical excellence as well as our worldwide distribution and service network.
Please carefully read and follow the safety information set forth in this manual before attempt­ing to operate the equipment and conduct any maintenance. Your radar set will perform to the utmost of its ability only if it is operated and maintained in accordance with the correct proce­dures.

Features

FR-1760DS is 60kW, S-band radar , FR-1710 is 10kW, X-band radar and FR-1725 is 25kW , X-band radar.
Daylight-bright rasterscan 17-inch multi-color, high-resolution display
New microprocessing technology with high-speed high-density gate array and software
expertise
Easy operation by combination of discrete keys, rotary controls, and menu operation, all logically arranged and configured
Electronic Plotting Aid (EPA) fitted standard, Automatic Tracking Aid (ATA) option
Reliable CPA and TCPA warning in any plotting mode, accurate target data
The Clutter Sweep feature suppresses sea and rain clutters within an operator-selected
area.
A Video Plotter (Chart Plotter) and Performance Monitor are also optionally available.
v
FR-1760DS

SYSTEM CONFIGURATION

ANTENNA UNIT
110/115/ 220 VAC, 1φ, 50/60 Hz
100 VAC, 1φ, 50/60 Hz
100/110/ 115 VAC, 1φ, 50/60 Hz
220 VAC, 1φ, 50/60 Hz
440 VAC, 1φ, 50/60 Hz
Rectifier
RU-3305
Rectifier
RU-1758
Rectifier
RU-1803
Serial Data
(I/O)
GPS, etc.
Speed Log
Pulse Input
Water temperature, water depth
Gyrocompass
External
Buzzer
OP03-21
For de-icer
POWER
SUPPLY
UNIT
PSU-002
DISPLAY UNIT
RDP-120
ATA Board
ARP-17
Gyro Converter
GC-8A
Video Plotter RP-17 Board
SN4A-RSB-0051-N SN4A-RSB-0051-I SN5A-RSB-0051-N SN5A-RSB-0051-I
Remote Display
FMD-8010/FMD-811
Option
Ship’s Mains 24/32 VDC
vi
Rectifier
RU-3424
100/110/115/220/230 VAC, 1φ, 50/60 Hz
FR-1710/1725
Serial Data
GPS, etc.
Speed Log
Water temperature, water depth
Gyrocompass
OP03-21
(I/O)
Pulse Input
External
Buzzer
ANTENNA UNIT
DISPLAY UNIT
RDP-120
ATA Board
ARP-17
Gyro Converter
GC-8A
Video Plotter RP-17 Board
FR-1710 XN12AF-RSB0074-062 (24 rpm)
XN20AF-RSB0074-062 (24 rpm) XN12AF-RSB0075-062 (42 rpm) XN20AF-RSB0075-062 (42 rpm)
FR-1725 XN20AF-RSB0074-063 (24 rpm)
XN24AF-RSB0074-063 (24 rpm) XN20AF-RSB0075-063 (42 rpm) XN24AF-RSB0075-063 (42 rpm)
Remote Display
FMD-8010/FMD-811
Option
Rectifier
RU-3424
Ship’s Mains 24/32 VDC or 100/110/115/220/230 VAC, 1φ, 50/60 Hz
*
*: FR-1725 only
Note: The display unit is available
in AC or DC specification.
vii
MENU key
TGT TRAIL
MENU
1. VIDEO PLOT*
2. TGT TRAIL
3. TGT ALARM
4. PANEL DIM
5. ECHO SIG
6. FUNC
7. PLOT 1
8. MARK 2
9. BRILL 3
0. OTHER 4 * Requires Video Plotter
RP-17.

MENU TREE

1. TIME 15S 30S 1M 3M 6M 15M 30M CONT
2. MODE REL TRUE
3. SHADE MONO MULTI
4. LEVEL 1 2 3
5. TRAIL COPY OFF ON
6. THIN TRAIL OFF ON
7. THIN MODE 1 2 3 4
TGT ALARM
1. AREA NO1 NO2
2. MODE1 IN OUT
3. MODE2 IN OUT
DIMMER
1. PANEL BRIGHT 7 6 5 4 3 2 DIM
: Default settings
ECHO SIG
1. TGT COLOR YEL GRN COLOR*
2. ECHO AVG OFF 0.5 1 2 3
3. INT REJ OFF 1 2 3
4. N REJ OFF ON
5. ENHANCE OFF ON
6. 2ND ECHO OFF ON
7. CONTRAST 1 2 3
8. CLTR SWEEP
9. SWEEP LVL 1 2 3
0. CNTR ENHANCE OFF ON
FUNC
1. FUNC1 5
2. FUNC2
3. F1 6
4. F2
5. F3
6. A/D CURVE A B C D
* COLOR not shown on HK type radar.
OFF ON(LINK) ON(FIX)
viii
PLOT MENU 1
1. MARK DISP OFF ON
2. ERASE
3. VEC REF REL TRUE
4. VEC TIME 30S 1M 3M 6M 15M 30M
5. CPA SET OFF 0.5NM 1NM 1.5NM 2NM 3NM 4NM 5NM 6NM
6. TCPA SET 30S 1M 2M 3M 4M 5M 6M 12M 15M
7. TRACK OFF ON
8. AUDIO ALARM OFF ON
9. INTVAL* 30S 1M 2M 3M 6M
0. *
[0]
* Requires Automatic Tracking Aid ARP-17 (Option).
PLOT MENU 2*
1.
2. AUTO OFF ON SET
3. GUARD ZONE OFF ON SET
4. TRACK TEST
5. LAND DISCRIM 0 1 2 3 4 5
6. TTM OFF REL TRUE
7. VEC START 1MIN 20SCAN
8. REF TGT VECTOR OFF ON
9. TARGET BASED SPEED
MARK
1. ERASE
2. MODE REL TRUE
BRILL
1. TGT TRAIL
2. CHARACTER
3. HDG LINE
4. EBL/VRM
5. CURSOR
6. MARK
7. PLOT
8. OS SYMB
*
9.
PLOTTER BRILL*
1.
2. LAND
3. GRID
4. MARK
5. OS TRACK
6. TGT TRACK
7. COLOR
* Requires Video Plotter RP-17 (option).
ix
OTHER
1. HDG SET
2. SPD MODE MAN LOG NAV
LOG (S-BT)
LOG (S-WT)
3. MAN SPD
4. DRIFT SET
5. DISPLAY
6. MARK/LINE
7. TUNE
8. NAV DATA
9. EBL/VRM
0. 7
EBL/VRM
1.
2. CURS BRG REL TRUE
3. EBL1 REL TRUE
4. EBL2 REL TRUE
5. CURS RNG NM KM SM
6. VRM1 NM KM SM
7. VRM2 NM KM SM
DISPLAY
DRIFT SET
1.
2. SET&DRIFT OFF ON
3. SET
4. DRIFT
1.
2. NAV DATA OFF ON
3. DISPLAY MAIN SUB
4. SART OFF ON
5. P M OFF ON
MARK/LINE
1.
2. INDEX LINES 2 6
3. STERN MARK OFF ON
4. SHIP’S MARK OFF ON
5.
BEARING SCALE
1.
2. MODE AUTO MAN
3. TUNE SET
360 COMPASS
TUNE
NAV DATA
1.
2. NAV SEL ANY GPS LC
3. EXT WP OFF ON
4. OS POSN OFF L/L TD
5. DEPTH M FA
6. TEMP °C °F
7. TIME DIF UTC LOCAL
8. LOCAL TIME
ft
x
5
FUNC 1 MENU
1.
2. FUNC SEL COAST OCEAN R-SEA RAIN BIRD-N BIRD-F
3. ECHO AVG OFF 0.5 1 2 3
4. INT REJ OFF 1 2 3
5. STRETCH OFF 1 2
6. N REJ OFF ON
7. ENHANCE OFF ON
8. CONTRAST OFF 1 2 3
9. A/C AUTO OFF ON
[F2 MENU]
1. TRAIL TIME 26. HUTB MODE
2. TRAIL MODE 27. TUNE A/M
3. TRAIL SHADE 28. EXT WP
4. TRAIL LEVEL 29. OS POSN
5. ALARM AREA 30. CURS BRG
6. ALARM MODE 31. EBL1 T/R
7. PANEL DIMMER 32. EBL2 T/R
8. TGT COLOR 33. CURS RNG
9. ECHO AVG 34. VRM1 RNG
10. INT REJ 35. VRM2 RNG
11. ECHO STRETCH 36. CLTR SWEEP
12. NOISE REJ 37. MARK MENU
13. ECHO ENHANCE 38. DISP MODE
14. 2ND ECHO 39. A/D CURVE
15. CONTRAST 40. DRIGIN MARK
16. PLOT MENU 41. DEST ON CSR
17. MARK MODE
18. BRILL MENU
19. DRIFT MENU
20. NAV DATA
21. DISPLAY
22. SART
23. TIME ALARM
24. STERN MARK
25. OS MARK Select by VRM knob
and hit ENTER key.
37 and 38 shown with connection of RP-17.
xi
7
OTHER
1.
2. TEST
3. DEGAUSS
4. TIME ALARM
5. RANGE
6. INSTALL*
*: See Installation Manual.
DEGAUSS
1.
2. DEGS INTV OFF 30S 1M 2M
3. DEGS DEG OFF 45° 90° 135°
TIME ALARM
1.
2. ALARM INTV OFF 3M 6M 12M 15M 20M
RANGE
1.
2. RANGE 1/8 1/4 1/2
3/4 1 1.5 2 3 4 6 8 12 16 24 32 48 72 96 120
FR-1760DS Max. range: 120 NM FR-1710 Max. range: 72 NM FR-1725 Max. range: 96 NM
xii

OPERATIONAL OVERVIEW

1.1 Turning on the Power

The [POWER] switch is located at the top left corner of the display unit. Push it to switch on the radar set. To turn off the radar , push it again. The screen shows the bearing scale and digital timer approximately 15 seconds after power-on. The timer counts down three minutes of warm-up time. During this period the magnetron, that is, the transmitter tube, is warmed for transmission. When the timer has reached 0:00, the indication STBY ap­pears, indicating that the radar is now ready to transmit pulses.
POWER switch

1.2 T ransmitter ON

After the power has been turned on and the magnetron has warmed, STBY (Standby) ap­pears at the screen center, indicating the ra­dar is ready to transmit radar pulses.
Press the [STBY/TX] key to transmit. When you won’t be using the radar for an
extended period, but you want to keep it in a state of readiness, place it in standby by pressing the [STBY/TX] key. The display shows STBY when the radar is in standby.
Video Lockup Recovery
Video freeze-up or lock-up, can occur unex­pectedly on digital rasterscan radars. This is mainly caused by heavy spike noise in the power line and can be noticed by carefully watching the nearly invisible sweep line. If you suspect that the picture is not updated every scan of the antenna or no key entry is accepted notwithstanding the apparently normal picture, do Quick Start to restore normal operation.
Figure 1-1 Location of power switch
DANGER
Before turning on the radar, make sure that there is no one near the antenna.
Serious injury or even death may result if a rotating antenna strikes someone standing nearby.
1. Turn off the POWER switch and turn it on again within 10 seconds.
2. Push the Transmit switch labeled STBY/TX for Transmit status.
1-1

1.3 Control Description

Selects presentation mode.
1
MODE
Offset EBL origin to measure range,
Turns power on/off.
Chart card slot (Requires video plotter.)
ROTATE: Rotates EBL. PUSH: Degausses screen.
Alternately selects No.1 EBL, No.2 EBL.
Erases EBL.
Turns on/off target trails.
Enables/disables guard zone.
Off centers picture.
Turns zoom function on/off.
Turns parallel index lines on/off.
bearing between two targets;
predict collision course.
TRACKBALL Shifts cursor.
ROT A TE: Adjusts screen brilliance. PUSH: Selects back­ground color.
DEGAUSS (PUSH)
EBL
ON
OFF
BKGND COLOR (PUSH)
BRILL
F1
F2 F3
ROTATE: Suppresses sea clutter. PUSH: Turns on/off automatic clutter suppression.
TLL (PUSH)
A/C RAIN
A/C AUTO (PUSH)
Activates desired function.
ROTATE: Suppresses precipitation clutter. PUSH: Outputs target position.
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
0
HL OFF (PUSH)
A/C SEA
GAIN
RANGE
Selects range scale.
Turns on/off menu-selected function.
TGT
TRAIL
GZ
ALARM
SHIFT
ZOOM
INDEX
LINE
EBL
OFFSET
MARK
RINGS
Inscribes mark.
Adjusts brilliance of fixed range rings.
PREV
MENU
MENU
CANCEL
CLEAR
ENTER
SELECT
Displays previous menu.
Opens/closes menu.
Menu open: Cancels item selected. Menu closed: Erases mark.
Menu open: Registers selection. Menu closed: Displays data of selected plot symbol.
ROT A TE: Adjusts gain. PUSH: Temporarily erases heading line, markers (stern, north) OS symbol.
Selects pulse­length, echo stretch.
Adjusts radius of VRM.
10-1
2
-2 3
-3
ECHO
STBY
TX
VRM
ON
OFF
ACQ
Manually acquires target (plotting
AUDIO
OFF
function).
Silences timer, ATA and EPA alarms.
Alternately selects
Erases VRM.
No.1 VRM, No.2 VRM.
Transmit/standby switch
1-2
Figure 1-2 Control description

1.4 CRT Brilliance

1.6 Tuning the Receiver

Operate the BRILL control on the control panel of the display unit to adjust the entire screen brightness. Note that the optimum point of adjustment varies with ambient light­ing conditions, especially between daytime and nighttime.

1.5 Control Panel Backlighting

1. Press the [MENU] key.
MENU
1. VIDEO PLOT
2. TGT TRAIL
3. TGT ALARM
4. PANEL DIM
5. ECHO SIG
6. FUNC
7. PLOT
8. MARK
9. BRILL
0. OTHER
Figure 1-3 Main menu
2. Press the [4] key twice. The following dis­play appears.
DIMMER
1. PANEL BRIGHT 7 6 5 4 3 2 DIM
Figure 1-4 Screen for adjustment
of panel dimmer
3. Press the [1] key to select backlighting level desired.
4. Press the [ENTER/SELECT] key to reg­ister your selection and the [MENU] key to close the menu.
The radar is set for automatic tuning at the factory.
Automatic tuning
The radar receiver is tuned automatically each time the transmitter is turned on. The tuning indicator and the label AUTO at the top right corner of the display unit shows the tuning circuit is working. The receiver may become detuned, in automatic tuning, if own ship’s radar receives the radar signal of an­other shipborne radar. To retune, press the [STBY/TX] key twice.
Manual tuning
1. Set up for manual tuning following the procedure shown below.
2. While observing the picture on the 48 mile scale, press and hold down the GAIN control while slowly adjusting the VRM ro­tary control to find the best tuning point. This condition is where the tuning indica­tor lights to about 80% of its total length. Note that the tuning indication will never extend to full length.
Selection of manual or automatic tuning
1. Press the [MENU] key.
2. Press the [0] key twice to display the OTHER menu.
OTHER
1. HDG SET
2. SPD MODE MAN LOG NAV LOG (S-BT)
LOG (S-WT)
3. MAN SPD
4. DRIFT SET
5. DISPLAY
6. MARK/LINE
7. TUNE
8. NAV DATA
9. EBL/VRM
0.
Figure 1-5 OTHER menu
1-3
3. Press the [7] key twice to display the TUNE menu.
TUNE
1.
2. MODE AUTO MAN
3. TUNE SET
Figure 1-6 TUNE menu
4. Press the [2] key to select the option AUTO or MAN from the MODE field.
5. Press the [ENTER/SELECT] key.

1.8 Initializing the Compass Readout

With a compass interfaced with the radar, ship’s heading is displayed at the top of the screen. Upon turning on the radar, match the on-screen HDG readout with the compass reading by the procedure shown below. Once you have set the initial heading correctly , re­setting is not usually required. However , if the HDG readout goes wrong for some reason, repeat the procedure to correct it.
6. Press the [MENU] key to close the menu.

1.7 Degaussing the Screen

Each time the radar is turned on, the de­gaussing circuit automatically demagnetizes the CRT screen to eliminate color contami­nation caused by earth’s magnetism or mag­netized ship structure.
The screen is also degaussed automatically at certain time intervals, which may be se­lected on the menu. While being degaussed, the screen may be disturbed momentarily with vertical lines. If you wish to degauss by manual operation, push the EBL rotary con­trol (DEGAUSS control).
1. Press the [MENU] key to display the main menu.
2. Press the [0] key twice to display the OTHER menu.
OTHER
1. HDG SET
2. SPD MODE MAN LOG NAV LOG (S-BT)
LOG (S-WT)
3. MAN SPD
4. DRIFT SET
5. DISPLAY
6. MARK/LINE
7. TUNE
8. NAV DATA
9. EBL/VRM
0.
Figure 1-7 OTHER menu
1-4
3. Press the [1] key to select HDG SET.
4. Operate the VRM rotary control to dupli­cate the compass readout on the radar menu display.
5. Press the [ENTER/SELECT] key.
6. Press the [MENU] key to close the menu.

1.9 On-screen Legends and Markers

Heading (Requires heading sensor.)
Range ring interval
Range to cursor
Range to cursor
Bearing to cursor
Presentation mode
Pulselength
Offcenter
Function
Target alarm zone No. 1
No. 1 EBL
No. 2 EBL
Range rings
Interference rejector
Echo stretch
Noise rejector
Auto clutter reduction
Echo averaging
Video contrast
No. 1 EBL bearing
Heading line
8
/2 NM
4.111NM
103.7°R HU PULSE MIP OFF CENT FUNC1 COAST
320
310
300
290
2 8 0
2 7 0
2 6 0
2 5 0
240
230
220
IR2 ES1 NR A/C AUTO EAV1 VIDEO CONTRAST1 EBL
345.6° R
23.0° R
No. 2 EBL bearing
2nd trace echo rejector
2nd Echo
340
340
330
330
320
210
200
OS
(L/L)
135°
RNG
WP
BRG
TTG 00:20
9/22
12:34
Date, time
Range, bearing to waypoint
Own ship position
HDG 234.5°
LOG 12.8 KT
350
350
190
40.36’N
34°
18.23’E
123.9NM 220°R
UTC
Log speed (Requires log device.)
AUTO
GAIN
A/C SEA
A/C RAIN
BRILL
000
000
010
010
020
020
030
030
040
040
140
150
160
170
180
40°21.211’N
127°21.321’E
TTG 00 : 50
TEMP 20.1°C DEPTH 123.5M
Water temperature, water depth
T-ALM
02:30
REL TRAIL
30S 0 : 16
2.093 NM
4.465 NM
Timer alarm countdown
Cursor position, time-to-go
050
050
060
060
120
130
GZ1
GZ2
OUT IN
VRM
0 7 0
110
0 7 0
0 8 0
0 9 0
1 0 0
Tuning bar
GAIN setting A/C SEA setting
A/C RAIN setting
BRILL setting
Cursor
Waypoint marker
Target alarm zone No. 2
No.1 VRM
No.2 VRM
North marker
Guard zone (active one is circumscribed) Guard zone mode
Target trail reference Target trail time, elapsed time
No. 1 VRM range No. 2 VRM range
Figure 1-8 On-screen legends and markers
Note: The cursor functions to measure the range and bearing to a radar target, and is perma­nently displayed. It can be returned to the screen center by pressing the VRM rotary control.
1-5

1.10 Presentation Modes

This radar has the following presentation modes: Head-up, Head-up/TB, Course-up, North-up, and True Motion.
Selecting presentation mode
Press the [MODE] key on the panel at the right side of the display unit. Each time the [MODE] key is pressed, the presentation mode and mode indication at the upper-left corner of the screen change cyclically.
Note: When a failure occurs in the gyrocom­pass, the radar will automatically be switched to unstabilized presentation mode. All com­pass related data will read Relative values.
Loss of Compass Signal
When the compass signal is lost, the buzzer sounds once, the presentation mode becomes head-up and the compass readout shows xxx.x°. After restoring the compass signal, press the [MODE] key to display the compass readout. Readjust the compass readout as shown on page 1-4. Also HDG SIGNAL MISSING appears at the bottom of the screen.
Presentation mode, representative display
Heading
marker North marker
300
290
280
270
260
250
240
North marker
310
300
290
280
270
320
310
230
220
340
330
320
260
250
210
330
240
350
200
340
000
230
350
190
010
220
The bearing scale rotates with a compass signal.
Heading line
000
010
170
180
Heading marker
030
020
200
210
020
160
190
040
030
150
050
180
040
050
130
140
Heading line
060
070
160
170
120
060
150
080
Description
Head-up Mode
A display without azimuth stabilization in which the line connecting the center with the top of the display indicates own ship’s heading.
070
080
090
100
110
The target pips are painted at their measured dis­tances and in their directions relative to own ship’s heading.
A short line on the bearing scale is the north marker indicating compass north. A failure of the compass input will cause the north marker to disappear and the HDG readout to show asterisks xxx.x°.
Head-up TB (True Bearing) Mode
Radar echoes are shown in the same way as in the head-up mode. The difference from normal head-up presentation lies in the orientation of the bearing
090
100
110
120
130
140
scale. The bearing scale is compass stabilized, that is, it rotates in accordance with the compass signal, enabling you to know own ship’s heading at a glance.
This mode is available only when the radar is inter­faced with a compass.
If the compass fails, the bearing scale returns to the state of head-up mode.
1-6
Presentation mode, representative display
Description
North marker
330
320
310
300
290
280
270
260
300
290
280
270
260
250
240
310
230
250
340
320
220
240
350
210
330
000
230
010
220
340
200
Heading marker
030
020
200
210
North
000
350
190
180
190
010
170
040
180
020
160
Heading line
050
060
070
160
170
Heading line
030
040
050
130
140
150
080
090
100
110
120
130
140
150
Heading marker
060
070
080
090
100
110
120
Course-up Mode
An azimuth stabilized display in which a line connect­ing the center with the top of the display indicates own ship’s intended course (namely, own ship’s previous heading just before this mode has been selected). Target pips are painted at their measured distances and in their directions relative to the intended course which is maintained at the top of screen while the heading line moves in accordance with ship’s yawing and course changes. This mode is useful to avoid smearing of picture during course change. After a course change, press the [SHIFT] key to reset the picture orientation if you wish to continue using the course-up mode. The heading line gets back to perpendicular.
North-up Mode
In the north-up mode, target pips are painted at their measured distances and in their true (compass) directions from own ship, north being maintained up of the screen. The heading line changes its direction according to the ship’s heading.
If the compass fails, the presentation mode changes to head-up and the north marker disappears. Also, the HDG readout shows xxx.x°.
1-7
Presentation mode, representative display
Description
270
280
260
290
250
300
240
310
230
North marker
330
320
220
210
340
200
350
190
000
180
010
170
020
160
Heading line
030
040
140
150
050
060
120
130
Heading marker
070
080
090
100
110
True Motion Mode
Own ship and other moving objects move in accord­ance with their true courses and speeds. In ground stablized TM, all fixed targets, such as landmasses, appear as stationary echoes. In the sea stablized TM without set and drift input, the landmass can move on the screen.
When own ship reaches a point corresponding to 75% of the radius of the display, the own ship is automatically reset to a point of 75% radius opposite to the extension of the heading line passing through the display center. Resetting can be made at any moment before the ship reaches the limit by pressing the [SHIFT] key. Automatic resetting is preceded by a beep sound.
If the compass fails, the presentation mode is changed to the head-up mode and the north marker disappears. The HDG readout at the top of the screen shows xxx.x°.
North
Heading line
300
290
280
270
260
250
240
350
340
330
320
310
230
220
210
200
(a) True motion is selected
000 010
marker
020
030
040
050
060
070
080
090
100
110
120
130
140
150
160
170180190
300
290
280
270
260
250
240
340
330
320
310
230
220
210
200
(b) Own ship has reached a point 75% of display radius
Automatic resetting of own ship position in true motion mode

1.11 Selecting the Range Scale

The range selected automatically determines
the range ring interval, the number of range rings and pulse repetition rate, for optimal detection capability in short to long ranges. You can select pulselength with the ECHO control. For details, see para­graph 1.13.
000 010
350
020
030
040
050
060
070
080
090
100
110
120
130
140
150
160
170180190
320
310
300
290
280
270
260
250
240
230
220
000 010
350
340
330
210
200
020
030
040
050
060
070
080
090
100
110
120
130
140
150
160
170180190
(c) Own ship is automatically reset to 75% of radius
Press the [RANGE] key to select a range scale. The range, range ring interval and pulselength appear at the top left corner of the display.
1-8
1.12 Entering Own Ship’s Speed
4. Press the [ENTER/SELECT] key to con­firm your selection followed by the [MENU] key to close the menu.
EPA requires an own ship speed input and compass signal. The speed can be entered from a speed log or navaid (automatic) or through the plotting keypad (manual).
Automatic speed input
1. Press the [MENU] key and the [0] key twice to show the OTHER menu.
OTHER
1. HDG SET
2. SPD MODE MAN LOG NAV LOG (S-BT)
LOG (S-WT)
3. MAN SPD
4. DRIFT SET
5. DISPLAY
6. MARK/LINE
7. TUNE
8. NAV DATA
9. EBL/VRM
0.
Figure 1-9 OTHER menu
2. Press the [2] key to select the menu item SPD MODE.
3. Press the [2] key again to select the LOG or NAV.
LOG: Pulse input from speed
log, serial data
NAV: Speed data from naviga-
tion equipment
Note: Be sure not to select a LOG option or NAV when respective equipment is not con­nected. If the log signal or navaid signal is not provided, the ship’s speed readout at the screen top will be blank.
Manual speed input
If the radar is not interfaced with a speed log, or the speed log does not feed correct speed enter the ship’s speed as follows:
1. Press the [MENU] key and the [0] key twice to show the OTHER menu.
2. Press the [2] key to select MAN from the SPD MODE field, and then press the [EN­TER/SELECT] key.
3. Press the [3] key twice to select the MAN SPD field.
4. Enter speed with the numeric keys.
5. Press the [ENTER/SELECT] key to con­firm your selection followed by the [MENU] key to close the menu.
LOG 10.0KT WT
Or NAV
LOG or NAV speed indication
LOG 8.7KT WT
8.5 F Fore/Aft
0.5 SB Port/STBD
GT
About Ship’s Speed
c’
a
Wind,
current
LOG (serial data) speed indication
a: Fore/aft speed b: Port/starboard speed c: Speed made good (actual speed)
c
Pulse signal: a only (water tracking speed) Serial speed: a and b
b
Water tracking speed = relative speed (including error due to wind, current Ground tracking speed = true speed (no influence from wind, currents) Navigator speed: cc’ Speed input (c) from navgator (GPS, etc.) c is converted to fore/aft direction (c’) and displayed on the radar screen.
1-9

1.13 Pulselength, Echo Stretch

The ECHO control selects pulselength, and echo stretch when it is not turned on with a user key ([F1], [F2], [F3]). The pulselength in use is displayed at the upper-left position of the screen using the abbreviations (suffixed with “P”) shown in the table on the next page. Echo stretch level (ES1, ES2) in use appears at the bottom left position, using the indica­tion ES1 or ES2.
Appropriate pulselengths are preset to indi­vidual range scales and function keys. There­fore, you are not usually required to select them. If you are not satisfied with the current pulselength settings, however, it is possible to change them by the ECHO control. The ECHO control settings which can select the echo stretch are shown in the table below. The legend and pulselengths are shown in below.
5271/0171-RFSD0671-RF sµ70.0:P1Ssµ80.0:PS sµ51.0:P2Ssµ3.0:P1M
sµ3.0:P1Msµ6.0:P2M sµ5.0:P2Msµ2.1:PL sµ7.0:P3M
sµ2.1:PL
Note: The echo stretch magnifies not only small target pips but also returns (clutter) from sea surface, rain and radar interference. For this reason make sure these types of inter­ference have been sufficiently suppressed before activating this function.
Enlarged in bearing (circumferential) direction with ES1
+
If a distant target is hard to see, use ES 1.
Enlarged with ES2
+
If a target becomes smaller as it approaches own ship, use ES 2.
Figure 1-10 Echo stretch
On long ranges target echoes tend to shrink in the bearing direction, making them diffi­cult to see. On short and medium ranges such as 1.5, 3 and 6 nm scales, the same size targets get smaller on screen as they ap­proach the own ship. These are due to the inherent property of the radiation pattern of the antenna. To enhance target video, use the echo stretch function. There are two types: echo stretch 1 (ES1) to enlarge in bear­ing direction for long range detection, and echo stretch 2 (ES2) to enlarge in range di­rection.
1-10
Table 1-1a ECHO control setting, pulselength and echo stretch (FR-1710/1725)
egnaR sgnitteShctertSohcEdnahtgnelesluPdnanoitisoPlortnoCOHCE
mkmsmn3-2-1-0123
52.0– 521.0P1SP1SP1SP1S1SE,P1S1SE,P1S1SE,P1S
5.052.052.0P1SP1SP1SP1S1SE,P1S1SE,P1S1SE,P1S
57.0–– P1SP1SP1SP1S1SE,P1SP2S1SE,P2S
15.05.0P1SP1SP1SP1S1SE,P1SP2S1SE,P2S
–57.0– P1SP1S1SE,P1SP2S1SE,P2SP1M1SE,P1M
5.1157.0P1SP1S1SE,P1SP2S1SE,P2SP1M1SE,P1M
25.11 P1SP1S1SE,P1SP2S1SE,P2SP1M1SE,P1M 32 5.11SE,P1SP2S1SE,P2SP1M1SE,P1MP2M1SE,P2M 432 1SE,P1SP2S1SE,P2SP1M1SE,P1MP2M1SE,P2M 6– 3 1SE,P2SP1M1SE,P1MP2M1SE,P2MP3M1SE,P3M 844 1SE,P2SP1M1SE,P1MP2M1SE,P2MP3M1SE,P3M
2166 1SE,P2SP1MP2MP3M2SE,P3MPL1SE,PL
6188 1SE,P2SP1MP2MP3M1SE,P3MPL1SE,PL 4221211SE,P1M1SE,P2MP3MPL1SE,PL2SE,PL2SE,PL 2361611SE,P2MP3M1SE,P3MPL1SE,PL2SE,PL2SE,PL 8442421SE,P2MP3M1SE,P3MPL1SE,PL2SE,PL2SE,PL
–2323PLPLPLPL1SE,PL2SE,PL2SE,PL
278484PLPLPLPL1SE,PL2SE,PL2SE,PL 69–– PLPLPLPL1SE,PL2SE,PL2SE,PL
–2727PLPLPLPL1SE,PL2SE,PL2SE,PL –6969PLPLPLPL1SE,PL2SE,PL2SE,PL
Table 1-1b ECHO control setting, pulselength and echo stretch (FR-1760DS)
egnaR sgnitteShctertSohcEdnahtgnelesluPdnanoitisoPlortnoCOHCE
mkmsmn3-2-1-0123
52.0– 521.0P1SP1SP1SP1S1SE,P1S1SE,P1S1SE,P1S
5.052.052.0P1SP1SP1SP1S1SE,P1S1SE,P1S1SE,P1S
57.0–– P1SP1SP1SP1S1SE,P1S1SE,P1S1SE,P1M
15.05.0P1SP1SP1SP1S1SE,P1S1SE,P1S1SE,P1M
–57.0– P1SP1SP1SP1S1SE,P1SP1M1SE,P1M
5.1157.0P1SP1SP1SP1S1SE,P1SP1M1SE,P1M
25.11 P1SP1SP1SP1S1SE,P1SP1M1SE,P1M 32 5.1P1SP1S1SE,P1SP1M1SE,P1MP2M1SE,P2M 432 P1SP1S1SE,P1SP1M1SE,P1MP2M1SE,P2M 6– 3 P1SP1S1SE,P1MP1M1SE,P1MP2M1SE,P2M 844 P1MP1M1SE,P1MP2M1SE,P2MPL1SE,PL
2166 P1MP1M1SE,P1MP2M2SE,P2MPL1SE,PL
6188 P1MP1M1SE,P1MP2M1SE,P2MPL1SE,PL 422121P1MP1M1SE,P1MP2M1SE,P2MPL1SE,PL 236161P2MP2M1SE,P2MPL1SE,PL2SE,PL2SE,PL 844242P2MP2M1SE,P2MPL1SE,PL2SE,PL2SE,PL
–2323PLPLPLPL1SE,PL2SE,PL2SE,PL
278484PLPLPLPL1SE,PL2SE,PL2SE,PL 69–– PLPLPLPL1SE,PL2SE,PL2SE,PL
–2727PLPLPLPL1SE,PL2SE,PL2SE,PL –6969PLPLPLPL1SE,PL2SE,PL2SE,PL
021021021PLPLPLPL1SE,PL2SE,PL2SE,PL
1-11

1.14 Adjusting the Sensitivity

The GAIN control adjusts the sensitivity of the receiver. It works in precisely the same manner as the volume control of a broadcast receiver, amplifying the signals received.
If the control is set too low, targets will be hidden in the clutter , while if it is set too high, both sea clutter and targets will disappear from the display. In most cases adjust the control until clutter has disappeared to lee­ward, but a little is still visible windward.
The proper setting is such that the back­ground noise is just visible on the screen. If you set up for too little sensitivity, weak ech­oes may be missed. On the other hand ex­cessive sensitivity yields too much background noise; strong targets may be missed because of the poor contrast between desired echoes and the background noise on the display.
T o adjust receiver sensitivity , transmit on long range, and adjust the GAIN ground noise is just visible on the screen. The current gain setting is shown by the “GAIN bar” at the top right-hand corner of the screen.
control so back-

1.15 Suppressing Sea Clutter

Echoes from waves cover the central part of the display with random signals known as sea clutter . The higher the waves, and the higher the scanner above the water , the further the clutter will extend. When sea clutter masks the picture, suppress it by the A/C SEA con­trol, rotate for manual adjustment, push for automatic adjustment.
Manual adjustment by the A/C SEA control
1. Confirm that the sensitivity is properly adjusted, and then transmit on short range.
2. Adjust the A/C SEA control so small tar­gets are distinguishable but some clutter remains on the display.
A/C SEA control off
A/C SEA control adjusted
Figure 1-11 How to adjust
the A/C SEA control
Automatic adjustment by the A/C AUTO control
The A/C AUTO control automatically sup­presses sea clutter as well as rain clutter. Push the A/C SEA control to turn on the au­tomatic A/C circuit. A/C AUTO appears at the bottom left corner when the A/C AUTO cir­cuit is on. Fine adjustment of the circuit can be done with the A/C RAIN and A/C SEA con­trols.
The A/C SEA control reduces the amplifica­tion of echoes at short ranges (where clutter is the greatest) and progressively increases amplification as the range increases, so am­plification will be normal at those ranges where there is no sea clutter.
The proper setting of the A/C SEA control should be such that the clutter is broken up into small dots, and small targets become distinguishable.
1-12
CAUTION
Turn off the A/C AUTO feature when its use is not required; it can erase weak target echoes.

1.16 Suppressing Precipitation Clutter

The vertical beamwidth of the scanner is de­signed to see surface targets even when the ship is rolling. However, by this design the unit will also detect rain clutter (rain, snow, or hail) in the same manner as normal tar­gets. Figure 1-12 shows the appearance of rain clutter on the display.
The A/C RAIN control adjusts the receiver sensitivity as the A/C SEA control does but rather in a longer time period (longer range). Clockwise rotation of this control increases the anti-clutter effect.
There are three levels of interference rejec­tion depending on the number of transmis­sions that are correlated. These are indicated by the legends IR1, IR2 and IR3 at the lower­left position of the screen.
Figure 1-13 Interference
To activate the interference rejector;
1. Press the [MENU] key.
2. Press the [5] key twice to select ECHO SIG.
A/C RAIN control OFF
A/C RAIN control adjusted
Figure 1-12 Effect of A/C RAIN control

1.17 Interference Rejector

Mutual radar interference may occur in the vicinity of another shipborne radar operating in the same frequency band (9 GHz). It is seen on the screen as a number of bright spikes either in irregular patterns or in the form of usually curved spoke-like dotted lines extending from the center to the edge of the picture. This type of interference can be re­duced by activating the interference rejector circuit.
ECHO SIG
1. TGT COLOR YEL GRN COLOR
2. ECHO AVG OFF 0.5 1 2 3
3. INT REJ OFF 1 2 3
4. N REJ OFF ON
5. ENHANCE OFF ON
6. 2ND ECHO OFF ON
7. CONTRAST 1 2 3
8. CLTR SWEEP OFF ON(LINK) ON(FIX)
9. SWEEP LVL 1 2 3
0. CNTR ENHANCE OFF ON
Figure 1-14 ECHO SIG menu
3. Press the [3] key to select interference rejection level (OFF, 1, 2, or 3) from the INT REJ field.
4. Press the [ENTER/SELECT] key.
5. Press the [MENU] key.
The interference rejector is a kind of signal correlation circuit. It compares the received signals over successive transmissions and suppresses randomly occurring signals.
1-13

1.18 Measuring the Range

Measuring range by the fixed range rings
Use the fixed range rings to obtain a rough estimate of the range to a target. They are concentric solid circles about own ship, or the sweep origin. The number of rings is auto­matically determined by the selected range scale and their interval is displayed at the upper-left position of the screen. The fixed range rings may be turned on/off and their brilliance adjusted with the [RINGS] key.
Measuring range by the variable range marker (VRM)
0.55 NM
15.0°R
Range and bearing to cursor
Ring interval
Active marker is circumscribed.
Target
Cursor
No. 1 VRM (dotted)
No. 2 VRM (dashed)
VRM
0.375NM
0.550NM
Range to No. 2 VRM
Figure 1-15 How to measure
range by VRM
Range to No. 1 VRM
Use the V ariable Range Markers (VRMs) for more accurate measurement of the range to a target. There are two VRMs, No.1 and No.2, which appear as dashed rings so that you can discriminate them from the fixed range rings. The two VRMs can be distinguished from each other by different lengths of dashes.
1. Press the [VRM ON] key to display either of the VRMs. Successive presses of the [VRM ON] key toggle the active VRM between No.1 and No.2 and the currently active VRM readout is circumscribed.
2. Rotate the VRM rotary control clockwise or counterclockwise to align the active VRM with the inner edge of the target of interest and read its distance (unit: nm) at the lower-right corner of the screen. Each VRM remains at the same geo­graphical distance when you operate the [RANGE] key . This means that the appar­ent radius of the VRM ring changes in proportion to the selected range scale.
3. Press the [VRM OFF] key to erase each VRM.

1.19 Measuring Bearing

Use the Electronic Bearing Lines (EBLs) to find bearing of a target. There are two EBLs, No.1 and No.2, which are toggled by suc­cessive presses of the [EBL ON] key. Each EBL is a straight dashed line extending out from the own ship position up to the circum­ference of the radar picture. The fine dashed line is the No.1 EBL and the coarse dashed one is the No.2 EBL.
1. Press the [EBL ON] key to display either of the EBLs. Successive presses of the [EBL ON] key toggle the active EBL be­tween No.1, No.2 and index lines (if dis­played) and the currently active EBL readout is circumscribed.
2. Rotate the EBL rotary control clockwise or counterclockwise until the active EBL bisects the target of interest, and read its bearing at the lower-left corner of the screen.
3. Press the [EBL OFF] key to erase each EBL.
The EBL readout is affixed by “R” (relative) if it is relative to own ship’s heading, or “T” (true) if it is referenced to the North, as determined by the item EBL/VRM on the OTHER menu.
1-14
Bearing to No. 1 EBL Bearing to No. 2 EBL
Range and bearing to cursor
0.55 NM
15.0°R
No. 2 EBL (dashed)
EBL
45.5°R
314.0°R
Active marker is circumscribed.
Cursor
No. 1 EBL (dotted)
Figure 1-16 How to measure
bearing by EBL
Target
If relative motion is selected, it is also possible to read CPA (Closest Point of Approach) by using a VRM as shown in Figure 1-17(a). If the EBL passes through the sweep origin (own ship) as illustrated Figure 1-17(b), the target ship is on a collision course.
5. To return the EBL origin to the own ship position, press the [EBL OFFSET] key again.
Cursor
A
1
A
No.1 No.1 EBL
VRM

1.20 Collision Assessment by the Offset EBL

The origin of the EBL can be placed any­where with the trackball to enable measure­ment of range and bearing between any targets. This function is also useful for as­sessment of the potential risk of collision.
To assess possibility of collision:
1. Press the [EBL ON] key to display or ac­tivate EBL No.1.
2. Place the cursor (+) on a target of inter­est (A in the illustrated example) by oper­ating the trackball.
3. Press the [EBL OFFSET] key, and the origin of the active EBL shifts to the cur­sor position. Press the [EBL OFFSET] key again to anchor the EBL origin.
4. After waiting for a few minutes (at least 3 minutes), operate the EBL rotary control until the EBL bisects the target at the new position (A ’). The EBL readout shows the target ship’s course, which may be true or relative depending on the settings on the OTHER menu.
EBL
140.0°R
(a) Evaluating target ship’s course and CPA in relative motion mode
Cursor
A
1
A
EBL
118.2°R
(b) Target ship on collision course
VRM
3.85NM
VRM
0.00nm
No.1 EBL
Figure 1-17 How to assess risk of collision

1.21 Measuring Range and Bearing Between Two Targets

1. Press the [EBL ON] key to activate the No. 1 EBL. Press the [EBL OFFSET] key , and place the origin of the No.1 EBL on a target of interest (target 1 in Figure 1-18) by operating the trackball.
2. Turn the EBL rotary control until the EBL passes through another target of interest (target 2 in Figure 1-18).
1-15
3. Turn the VRM rotary control until the range marker on the No. 1 EBL aligns with target 2 in Figure 1-18. The active VRM readout at the lower-right corner of the screen indicates the distance between the two targets.
4. To return the EBL origin to the own ship position, press the [EBL OFFSET] key again.
Note: The target alarm is given to targets having a certain level of echo strength. This level does not always imply a landmass, reef, ships or other surface objects but can mean returns from the sea surface or precipitation. Properly adjust the GAIN, A/C SEA, and A/C RAIN controls to reduce noise to avoid gen­eration of the guard alarm against false tar­gets.
You can repeat the same procedure on third and fourth targets by using the No.2 EBL and No.2 VRM.
Bearing is shown relative to own ship with suffix “R” or as a true bearing with suffix “T” depending on EBL relative/true settings on the OTHER menu.
A
EBL
80.0 R
Bearing from target A to target B
B
Range between target A and target B
No. 1 EBL No. 1 VRM
VRM
0.50NM
Figure 1-18 Measuring range and bearing
between two targets
The zone has a fixed width of 0.5 nm in the radial direction (depth) and is adjustable only within 3.0 to 6.0 nm from own ship. The outer and inner boundaries can be set at any dis­tance. The sector of the zone can be set any­where between 0 and 360 degrees in any direction.
To set target alarm zones:
1. Press the [MENU] key.
2. Press the [3] key twice to show the TGT ALARM menu.
TGT ALARM
1. AREA NO1 NO2
2. MODE1 IN OUT
3. MODE2 IN OUT
Figure 1-19 TGT ALARM menu
2. Press the [1] key to select target alarm zone to use; NO1 or NO2.

1.22 Setting a Target Alarm Zone

CAUTION
The target alarm feature should never be relied upon as the sole means for detecting the risk of potential collision. The operator of a ship is not relieved of the responsibility to keep lookout for avoiding collisions, whether or not the radar is in use.
The target alarm serves to alert the naviga­tor to targets (ships, landmasses, etc.) en­tering a certain area, with visual and audible alarms.
3. Press the [ENTER/SELECT] key.
4. Press the [MENU] key.
5. Place the cursor (+) at point “A” (see fig­ure below) using the trackball. Press the [GZ ALARM] key. GZ1 (or GZ2) SET ap­pears. When both alarms are prepared the active alarm is circumscribed.
6. Move the cursor (+) to point “B” and press the [GZ ALARM] key again. Then, an echo watch zone as illustrated is created and the label IN (or OUT) replaces SET at the lower-right corner of the screen.
1-16
Target alarm zone
A
B
Figure 1-20 Target alarm
Note: If you wish to create a target alarm zone having a 360-degree coverage around own ship, set point “B” in almost the same direction (approx. ±3°) as point “A” and press the [GZ ALARM] key.
Two alarm zones can be set as described above. To change the active alarm zone, do steps 1 thru 4 in the above procedure. (When both alarms are prepared the active alarm is circumscribed.)
outward target alarm is produced when a tar­get leaves the target alarm zone. (This is not a target alarm by definition but some users find this feature valuable.)
Dashed line: No alarm. Alarm sounds when target violates alarm setting.
Target alarm zone
INWARD ALARM
OUTWARD ALARM
Figure 1-21 Inward and outward alarms

1.23 Off-centering (shift)

Own ship position, or sweep origin, can be displaced to expand the view field without switching to a larger range scale. The sweep origin can be off-centered to a point speci­fied by the cursor, up to 75% of ranges other than 72, 96 and 120 nm.
Acknowledging alarm
A target entering the target alarm zone pro­duces both visual (flashing) and audible (beeping) alarms. To silence the audible alarm, press the [AUDIO OFF] key shortly. ACK replaces IN (or OUT).
This will deactivate the audible alarm but will not stop the flashing of the target in the guard alarm zone. To reactivate the audible alarm, press the [GZ ALARM] key again.
To silence the audible alarm, you may press the [AUDIO OFF] key . However , in this case, the label ACK does not appear.
Deactivating target alarm zone
Hold the [GZ ALARM] key depressed for at least 5 seconds.
This feature is not available on the longest range scale or in the true motion mode. The number of range rings increases keeping the original range intervals unchanged.
To off center the radar picture:
1. Place the cursor at a position where you wish to move the sweep origin by operat­ing the trackball.
2. Press the [SHIFT] key. Then, the sweep origin is off-centered to the cursor posi­tion. However, the heading line is left in the same position.
3. To cancel of f-centering, press the [SHIFT] key again.
Cursor
Cursor
Inward and outward alarms
The inward target alarm generates visual and audible warnings when a target enters the target alarm zone from any direction. The
(a) Select location with cursor.
(b) Press SHIFT key to offcenter.
Figure 1-22 Off-centered display
1-17
Note: The display is automatically shifted by
75% of the range in use whenever the cur­sor is placed at an edge of the effective dis­play area.

1.24 Echo Averaging

The echo average feature effectively sup­presses sea clutter. Echoes received from stable targets such as ships appear on the screen at almost the same position every ro­tation of the scanner. On the other hand, un­stable echoes such as sea clutter appear at random positions.
To distinguish real target echoes from sea clutter , echo average performs scan-to-scan correlation. Correlation is made by storing and averaging echo signals over successive picture frames. If an echo is solid and stable, it is presented in its normal intensity . Sea clut­ter is averaged over successive scans result­ing in the reduced brilliance, making it easier to discriminate real targets from sea clutter.
To properly use the echo average function, it is recommended to first suppress sea clutter with the A/C SEA control and then do the fol­lowing:
1. Press the [MENU] key.
2. Press the [5] key twice to select the ECHO SIG menu.
ECHO SIG
1. TGT COLOR YEL GRN COLOR
2. ECHO AVG OFF 0.5 1 2 3
3. INT REJ OFF 1 2 3
4. N REJ OFF ON
5. ENHANCE OFF ON
6. 2ND ECHO OFF ON
7. CONTRAST 1 2 3
8. CLTR SWEEP OFF ON(LINK) ON(FIX)
9. SWEEP LVL 1 2 3
0. CNTR ENHANCE OFF ON
3. Press the [2] key to select echo averag­ing level (OFF, 0.5 1, 2, 3) from the ECHO AVG field.
OFF: No averaging effect
0.5: Distinguishes small targets from
sea clutter.
1: Distinguishes targets from sea
clutter and suppresses brilliance of unstable echoes.
2: Distinguishes small stationary
targets such as navigation buoys.
3: Stably displays distant targets.
4. Press the [ENTER/SELECT] key to con­clude your selection followed by the [MENU] key to close the menu.
(a) Echo average OFF (b) Echo average ON
Figure 1-24 Echo averaging
Echo averaging uses scan-to-scan signal cor­relation technique based on the true motion over the ground of each target. Thus, small stationary targets such as buoys will be shown while suppressing random echoes such as sea clutter. True echo average is not however effective for picking up small targets running at high speeds over the ground.
Echo average requires log and compass sig­nals. If you wish to use this feature without a compass signal, consult a FURUNO repre­sentative.
Manual speed entry is done at the menu item MAN SPD on the OTHER menu, which is ac­cessed by pressing the [MENU] and [0] (twice) keys.
1-18
Figure 1-23 ECHO SIG menu

1.25 Electronic Plotting Aid (EPA)

Plotting a target
10 operator-selected targets can be plotted electronically to assess their motion trend. Five past positions can be displayed for each of the plotted targets. If you enter a 6th plot on a certain target, the oldest plot (past posi­tion) will be erased.
A vector appears when you enter a second plot for the target and is updated each time a new plot is entered. The vector shows the target motion trend based on its latest two plots.
T arget data is shown in the data display area which shows range, bearing, course, speed, CP A and TCP A of the last-plotted or selected target.
Target data
000
010
350
320
310
See note
300
below.
290
280
See note
270
below.
260
250
Echo Watch Zone
240
230
220
340
330
210
200
020
030
040
1
2
3
140
150
160
190
170
180
050
120
130
060
070
080
090
100
110
TRUE VECTOR
30sec
EPA symbols : Target plotted : Target plotted and data indicated. : Target on a collision course
Note:
Target 2 is on a collision course as the extension of its vector goes through the own ship position. Placing the offset EBL will help for assessment. TCPA is counted up to 99.59 min and beyond that it is indicated as TCPA > 99.59 MIN.
1
Plotting time
RNG BRG CRS SPD CPA TPCA 00:25
Figure 1-25 EPA display
Note: The EPA requires speed input (auto­matic or manual) and a compass signal. The vector and data are updated on real time be­tween plot entries, but do not neglect to plot a new position over a long period of time. Otherwise, the accuracy will be reduced. Note that the plots will be lost when the compass fails; start the plotting exercise again.
1. Place the cursor on a target of interest by operating the trackball.
2. Press the [ACQ] key . A plot symbol (circle) and target number (0-9) appears on the target.
3. Watching the EP A time shown at the right side of the screen, wait for at least 30 seconds. Place the cursor (+) on the plot symbol with number and then press the [ENTER/SELECT] key . The symbol shape changes from circle to square and the target number in the data display flashes.
4. While the target number is flashing, place the cursor on the target and press the [ACQ] key . The plot symbol moves to the new target position and the previous po­sition is marked by a small dot.
5. T o acquire other targets, repeat the above steps selecting different plot symbols.
6. If the target echo separates from its plot symbol, repeat steps 3 an 4.
Note: If a target once plotted is not plotted again within 10 minutes, the warning “UP­DATE PLOT” and Plot No. will appear on the upper right margin of the screen and the plot symbol of the target flashes. If you want to continue plotting this target, reacquire it within five minutes. Otherwise, the target will be re­garded as a “lost target” and its plot symbol and target data will be erased. The larger the plotting interval, the less accurate the plot­ted target data. Plotting of each target should normally be made every 3 or 6 minutes as far as possible. You can use the Time Alarm to warn yourself every 3 or 6 minutes.
Within 30 seconds, you can cancel a last plot by the [CANCEL/CLEAR] key and make a re-entry at a different position. After 30 sec­onds, the last entry is processed to produce a vector.
1-19
True or relative vector, vector time
Target data
Vectors can be displayed relative to own ship’s heading (Relative) or with reference to the North (True). This feature is available in all presentation modes (compass must be working correctly). The current vector mode is indicated at the upper-right corner of the screen.
Vector time (or the length of vectors) can be set to 30 seconds, 1, 3, 6, 15 or 30 minutes and the selected vector time is indicated at the upper-right corner of the screen.
1. Press the [MENU] key followed by the [7] key twice to select PLOT.
PLOT MENU 1
1. MARK DISP OFF ON
2. ERASE
3. VEC REF REL TRUE
4. VEC TIME 30S 1M 3M 6M 15M 30M
5. CPA SET OFF 0.5NM 1NM 1.5NM 2NM 3NM 4NM 5NM 6NM
6. TCPA SET 30S 1M 2M 3M
4M 5M 6M 12M 15M
7. TRACK OFF ON
8. AUDIO ALARM OFF ON
9. INTVAL* 30S 1M 2M 3M 6M
0. *
* Requires ATA Board ARP-17.
The radar calculates motion trends (range, bearing, course, speed, CPA and TCPA) of all plotted targets.
In the head-up and head-up true bearing modes, target bearing, course and speed shown in the upper-right target data field be­come true (T) relative to north. The target data field always displays true bearing, true course and speed over the ground.
Reading the target data
Place the cursor on a plotted target and press the [ENTER/SELECT] key . Then, the follow­ing target data is displayed at the right side of the CRT.
RNG/BRG (Range/Bearing): Range and bearing from own ship to last-plotted target with suffix “T” (True).
CSE/SPD (Course/Speed): Course and speed are displayed for the last-plotted tar­get with suffix “T” (True).
CP A/TCPA: CPA (Closest Point of Approach) is the closest range the target will approach to own ship. TCPA is the time to CPA. Both CP A and TCPA are automatically calculated. TCPA is counted up to 99.59 min and be­yond that it is indicated as TCPA > *99.59 MIN.
Figure 1-26 PLOT menu
2. Press the [3] key to select REL or TRUE from the VECT REF field as appropriate, and then press the [ENTER/SELECT] key.
3. Press the [4] to select appropriate vector time from the VEC TIME field, and then press the [ENTER/SELECT] key.
4. Press the [MENU] key to close the menu.
The vector tip shows an estimated position of the target after the selected vector time elapses. It can be valuable to extend the vec­tor length to evaluate the risk of collision with any target.
1-20
Terminating target plotting
With the EPA you can plot up to 10 targets. You may wish to terminate plotting of less important targets to newly plot other threat­ening targets.
With Trackball: Place the cursor (+) on a target which you do not want to be tracked any longer by operating the trackball and press the [CANCEL/CLEAR] key.
All Targets: To terminate plotting of all tar­gets at once:
1. Press the [MENU] key followed by the [7] key twice.
2. Press the [2] key twice to select OFF from the ERASE field.
3. Press the [ENTER/SELECT] key followed by the [MENU] key.
Setting CPA/TCPA alarm ranges
When the predicted CPA of any target be­comes smaller than a preset CP A alarm range and its predicted TCPA less than a preset TCPA alarm limit, the EPA releases an au­dible alarm and displays the warning label COLLISION appears on the screen. In addi­tion, the EPA symbol changes to a triangle and flashes together with its vector.
PLOT MENU 1
1. MARK DISP OFF ON
2. ERASE
3. VEC REF REL TRUE
4. VEC TIME 30S 1M 3M 6M 15M 30M
5. CPA SET OFF 0.5NM 1NM 1.5NM 2NM 3NM 4NM 5NM 6NM
6. TCPA SET 30S 1M 2M 3M
4M 5M 6M 12M 15M
7. TRACK OFF ON
8. AUDIO ALARM OFF ON
9. INTVAL* 30S 1M 2M 3M 6M
0. *
* Requires ATA Board ARP-17.
Provided that this feature is used correctly , it will help prevent the risk of collision by alert­ing you to threatening targets. It is important that GAIN, A/C SEA, A/C RAIN and other radar controls are properly adjusted.
CP A/TCP A alarm ranges must be set up prop­erly taking into consideration the size, ton­nage, speed, turning performance and other characteristics of own ship.
CAUTION
CPA/TCPA Alarm
The CPA/TCPA alarm feature should never be relied upon as the sole means for detect­ing the risk of collision. The navigator is not relieved of the respon­sibillity to keep visual lookout for avoiding collisions, whether or not the radar or other plotting aid is in use.
Figure 1-27 PLOT menu
3. Press the [5] key for CPA SET or [6] key for TCPA set.
4. Press the [5] key or [6] key again to se­lect CPA or TCPA range desired.
5. Press the [ENTER/SELECT] key to reg­ister your selection.
6. Press the [MENU] key to close the menu.
Silencing CPA/TCPA audible alarm
Press the [AUDIO OFF] key to acknowledge and silence the CPA/TCPA aural alarm.
The flashing of the triangle plot symbol and vector remain on the screen until the dan­gerous situation is gone or you intentionally terminate tracking of the target by using the trackball.
To set the CPA/TCPA alarm ranges:
1. Press the [MENU] key.
2. Press the [7] key twice to display the PLOT menu.
Lost target alarm
When the system detects a lost target, track­ing on the target is discontinued and the tar­get symbol becomes a flashing diamond. The normal plotting symbol is restored to the tar­get when the target is manually acquired. If not reacquired the flashing diamond is auto­matically erased. To confirm a lost target, place the cursor on it and press the [CAN­CEL/CLEAR] key.
1-21
Past plot points
Past plot points may be marked on the dis­play with as many as nine dots. Y ou can turn this display on/off as follows:
1. Press the [MENU] key.
2. Press the [7] key twice to select PLOT.
PLOT MENU 1
1. MARK DISP OFF ON
2. ERASE
3. VEC REF REL TRUE
4. VEC TIME 30S 1M 3M 6M
15M 30M
5. CPA SET OFF 0.5NM 1NM 1.5NM
2NM 3NM 4NM 5NM 6NM
6. TCPA SET 30S 1M 2M 3M
4M 5M 6M 12M 15M
7. TRACK OFF ON
8. AUDIO ALARM OFF ON
9. INTVAL* 30S 1M 2M 3M 6M
0. *
* Requires ATA Board ARP-17.
Figure 1-28 PLOT menu
3. Press the [7] key to select OFF or ON from the TRACK field as appropriate.
4. Press the [ENTER/SELECT] key to reg­ister your selection followed by the [MENU] key to close the menu.
ments in accordance with their over-the­ground speeds and courses.
a) True target trails-no smearing of stationary targets
b) Relative target trails-all targets moving relative to own ship
Figure 1-29 Target trails
Note: When relative trail on the TM mode, the legend REL TRAIL appears in red.
To select true or relative target trail presen­tation:
1. Press the [MENU] key.

1.26 Target Trails (Echo Trails)

It is possible to display the trails of the radar echoes of targets in the form of synthetic af­terglow. Target trails are selected either rela­tive or true and may be sea or ground stabilized. The simulated afterglow can be se­lected in a single tone or gradual shading de­pending on a setting on the TGT TRAIL menu. Note that afterglow is shown in light yellow when the echo color is green.
True or relative trails
Y ou may display target trails relative to north or own ship heading in Relative Motion. True motion trails require a compass signal and own ship speed input to cancel out own ship’s movement and present true target move-
2. Press the [2] key twice to show the TGT TRAIL menu.
TGT TRAIL
1. TIME 15S 30S 1M 3M 6M 15M 30M CONT
2. MODE REL TRUE
3. SHADE MONO MULTI
4. LEVEL 1 2 3
5. TRAIL COPY OFF ON
6. THIN TRAIL OFF ON
7. THIN MODE 1 2 3 4
Figure 1-30 TGT TRAIL menu
3. Press the [2] key several times to select REL or TRUE from the MODE field as appropriate.
1-22
4. Press the [ENTER/SELECT] key to con­firm your selection, then the [MENU] key to close the menu.
Trail gradation
Selecting trail time
1. Press the [MENU] key.
2. Press the [2] key twice to select TGT TRAIL.
Target trails may be shown in monotone or multitone. Gradual shading paints the trails getting thinner with time just like the after­glow on an analog PPI radar.
Monotone
(Single)
Gradual shading
(Multi)
Figure 1-31 Monotone and multitone
target trails
1. Press the [MENU] key.
2. Press the [2] key twice to select TGT TRAIL.
TGT TRAIL
1. TIME 15S 30S 1M 3M 6M 15M 30M CONT
2. MODE REL TRUE
3. SHADE MONO MULTI
4. LEVEL 1 2 3
5. TRAIL COPY OFF ON
6. THIN TRAIL OFF ON
7. THIN MODE 1 2 3 4
Figure 1-32 TGT TRAIL menu
3. Press the [3] key to select MONO or MULTI from the SHADE field as appro­priate.
4. Press the [ENTER/SELECT] key and the [MENU] key in order.
TGT TRAIL
1. TIME 15S 30S 1M 3M 6M 15M 30M CONT
2. MODE REL TRUE
3. SHADE MONO MULTI
4. LEVEL 1 2 3
5. TRAIL COPY OFF ON
6. THIN TRAIL OFF ON
7. THIN MODE 1 2 3 4
Figure 1-33 TGT TRAIL menu
3. Press the [1] key to select time desired from the TIME field.
4. Press the [ENTER/SELECT] key and the [MENU] key in order.
Restoring trails
Trails are cancelled and restarted whenever the range is changed. However, you can con­tinue trails on the same range, without re­starting, when the range is changed to a next larger or smaller range scale. Note however that when the range is changed, only those target trails within the previous range are continued; no trails are generated for targets outside of the previous range.
No trail generated for target not within previous range
Displaying, erasing target trails
Press the [TGT TRAIL] key to activate or de­activate the target trails feature. The current target trail setting is displayed at the upper right-and corner of the screen.
To remove trails from the screen, press the [TGT TRAIL] with a hit-and-release action. (Trailing continues off screen with target trail timer counting). Press the key again to redisplay the trails.
(a) Previous range
(b) New range
Figure 1-34 How trail copy works
1. Press the [MENU] key.
2. Press the [2] key twice to select TGT TRAIL.
1-23
3. Press the [5] key to select ON or OFF from the TRAIL COPY field as appropriate.
4. Press the [ENTER/SELECT] key and [MENU] key in order.
Thin trails
T arget trails may be painted with thinner lines if desired. This can be useful when there are a lot of targets on the screen.
Resetting target trails
T o reset (or clear) the target trail memory , hold the [TGT TRAIL] key depressed for about 3 seconds. Target trails are cleared and the trailing process restarts from time count zero at current target trail plot interval. Note that target trails are also restarted when the shift feature is turned on or the range is changed.
Trail brilliance
The brilliance of target trails can be adjusted on the BRILL menu as follows:
1. Press the [MENU] key.
2. Press the [9] key twice to display the BRILL menu.
BRILL
1. TGT TRAIL
2. CHARACTER
3. HDG LINE
4. EBL/VRM
5. CURSOR
6. MARK
7. PLOT
8. OS SYMB
9. * * Requires RP-17 Board.
1. Press the [MENU] key.
2. Press the [2] key twice to select TGT TRAIL.
3. Press the [6] key to show THIN TRAIL ON or OFF as appropriate.
4. Press the [7] key to select 1, 2, 3 or 4 as appropriate. When there are a lot of tar­gets on the screen, select a larger num­ber (for thinner trails); select a smaller number when there are few targets. The default setting is 1.
5. Press the [ENTER/SELECT] key and [MENU] key in order.
Trail afterglow
The strength of the synthetic afterglow to re­main on the display may be selected as fol­lows:
1. Press the [MENU] key.
2. Press the [2] key twice to select TGT TRAIL.
3. Press the [4] key to select desired level from the LEVEL field; “3” displays only the highest level of afterglow.
4. Press the [ENTER/SELECT] key and [MENU] key in order.
Figure 1-35 BRILL menu
3. Press the [1] key twice to select TGT TRAIL.
4. Operate the VRM rotary control to adjust brilliance. Current brilliance is shown by the BRILL bar graph at the top right-hand corner of the screen.
5. Press the [ENTER/SELECT] key to con­clude your selection followed by the [MENU] key to close the menu.
1-24

1.27 Parallel Index Lines

To use the origin mark:
Parallel index lines are useful for keeping a constant distance between own ship and a coastline or a partner ship when navigating. The orientation of the index lines is controlled with the EBL rotary control and the intervals between the lines adjusted with the VRM ro­tary control (provided that No.2 VRM is ac­tive).
Index lines
Figure 1-36 Index lines
Displaying/erasing the index lines
Press the [INDEX LINE] key to display/erase the index lines. Each press of the key turns the parallel index lines on (enabling adjust­ment by VRM, EBL), fixes them on the dis­play or turns them off.
1. Place the cursor (+) at a point where you want to place a reference mark by oper­ating the trackball.
2. Press the [MARK] key. The origin mark appears at the cursor position, of which range and bearing are indicated at the upper-right section of the screen.
Origin mark reference
The origin mark can be set relative to own ship (relative), or referenced to land (sea or ground stabilized).
1. Press the [MENU] key.
2. Press the [8] key twice to select MARK.
MARK
1. ERASE
2. MODE REL TRUE
Figure 1-37 MARK menu
3. Press the [2] to select the REL or TRUE from the MODE field as appropriate.
4. Press the [ENTER/SELECT] key.
5. Press the [MENU] key.
Selecting number of index lines to display
Maximum number of the index lines can be set for 2 or 6 on the MARK/LINE in the OTHER menu.

1.28 Origin Mark

You can mark any reference points, promi­nent target or a point of particular interest us­ing the origin mark feature. This mark is geographically fixed, namely, ground stabi­lized. Twenty such origin marks can be en­tered. This function is not available when the RP-17 board is installed.
Erasing origin marks
Erasing individual origin marks
Select the origin mark with the cursor and then press the [CANCEL/CLEAR] key.
Erasing all origin marks
1. Press the [MENU] key.
2. Press the [8] key twice to select MARK.
3. Press the [1] key twice.
4. Press the [MENU] key.
1-25

1.29 Zoom

The zoom function is useful for enlarging an area of interest as large as twice the normal viewing. This performs the range scale re­duction to a half and the offset at the same time. Zoom can be used on ranges other than
0.125, 72, 96, 120 nm.
1. Place the cursor (+) close to the point of interest by operating the trackball.
2. Press the [ZOOM] key. The area around the cursor and own ship is enlarged twice as large as the original size.
3. T o cancel zoom, press and hold down the [ZOOM] key about two seconds.
Note: The zoom feature is inoperative when the display is off centered.
+
Cursor
+
Cursor
Temporarily erasing heading line, north marker, stern marker, own ship symbol
To temporarily extinguish the heading line, north marker, stern marker and own ship sym­bol to look at a target which may be obscured by those markers, press the GAIN control (HL OFF control). The heading line, north marker , stern marker and own ship symbol reappear when the control is released. Note that the RP screen is also temporarily erased when the RP-17 is connected.
North marker
The north marker appears as a short dashed line. In the head-up mode, the north marker moves around the bearing scale in accor­dance with the compass signal.
Stern marker
The stern marker (a dot-and-dash line) ap­pears opposite to the heading line. It can be displayed/erased on the item MARK/LINE in the OTHER menu.
(a) Cursor placed at point of interest
Figure 1-38 Zoom
(b) Press ZOOM key to zoom in.

1.30 Markers

Heading line
The heading line indicates the ships head­ing in all presentation modes, and is a line from the own ship position to the outer edge of the radar display area and appears at zero degrees on the bearing scale in head-up mode, it changes the orientation depending on the ship orientation in the north-up and true motion modes.
Own ship symbol
The own ship symbol appears at own ship position. It can be displayed/erased on the item MARK/LINE in the OTHER menu. The symbol is scaled to indicate length and beam of the vessel. If the largest dimension of the symbol gets smaller than 6 nm, the symbol will disappear and own ship will be repre­sented by a small dot or circle. The size of the symbol is set at installation.
1-26

1.31 User Keys (F1, F2, F3)

The user keys [F1], [F2] and [F3] may be pro­grammed by the operator to display a desired menu. For example, you can program the [F2] key to select target trail time whenever the key is pressed.
The default settings are [F1], echo averag­ing; [F2], echo stretch and [F3], clutter sweep.
Presetting the user keys
4. Select desired function with the VRM ro­tary control.
5. Press the [ENTER/SELECT] key to reg­ister your selection, and then press the [MENU] key to finish.
Activating a user-defined key
Press a user key. Press the key again to se­lect option desired.
1. Press the [MENU] key.
2. Press the [6] key twice to display the FUNC menu.
FUNC
1. FUNC1
2. FUNC2
3. F1
4. F2
5. F3
6. A/D CURVE A B C D
Figure 1-39 FUNC menu
3. Press [3], [4], or [5] key twice depending on which user key you want to set. For example, press the [4] key to program the [F2] key.
[F2 MENU]
1. TRAIL TIME 26. HUTB MODE
2. TRAIL MODE 27. TUNE A/M
3. TRAIL SHADE 28. EXT WP
4. TRAIL LEVEL 29. OS POSN
5. ALARM AREA 30. CURS BRG
6. ALARM MODE 31. EBL1 T/R
7. PANEL DIMMER 32. EBL2 T/R
8. TGT COLOR 33. CURS RNG
9. ECHO AVG 34. VRM1 RNG
10. INT REJ 35. VRM2 RNG
11. ECHO STRETCH 36. CLTR SWEEP
12. NOISE REJ 37. MARK MENU
13. ECHO ENHANCE 38. DISP MODE
14. 2ND ECHO 39. A/D CURVE
15. CONTRAST 40. ORIGIN MARK
16. PLOT MENU 41. DEST ON CSR
17. MARK MODE
18. BRILL MENU
19. DRIFT MENU
20. NAV DATA
21. DISPLAY
22. SART
23. TIME ALARM
24. STERN MARK
25. OS MARK Select by VRM knob
and hit ENTER key.
37 and 38 shown with connection of RP-17.

1.32 Function Keys

The function keys work similar to the auto­matic dialing feature on a telephone, playing back control settings just as they were regis­tered. Instead of manually adjusting controls to set up for a particular condition, for ex­ample, navigation in a harbor, you can have a function key do it for you.
Each function key can be assigned a combi­nation of particular radar settings that will be most suited to a specPic navigation purpose, and an adhesive-backed label (such as OCEAN, COAST) is usually attached to the keytop for easy identification of the assigned purpose.
Presetting the function keys
The radar’s internal computer offers several navigation setups as outlined in the table on the next page. For instance, you might want to select RAIN as the objective of a function key. Then, when you press that function key the radar will be instantly set up to operate under heavy rain conditions.
Each setup option defines a combination of several radar settings for achieving optimum setup for a particular navigating situation. Those involved are interference rejector, echo stretch, echo average, automatic anti-clutter, noise rejector, video contrast, and enhanced video.
Figure 1-40 Function menu
1-27
Adjusting these features on a function key menu changes the original function key set­tings. To restore the original settings for a particular function key , it is necessary to dis­play the relevant function key menu and se­lect appropriate menu options.
Table 1-2 FUNC key objectives
lebaLnoitpircseD
TSAOCegnartrohsrofgnittesmumitpO
elacsegnaragnisunoitceted
mlacnomn6dna5.1neewteb
.saes
NAECOegnargnolrofgnittesmumitpO
elacsegnaragnisunoitceted
.mn42dna6neewteb
AES-RsaesyvaehrofgnittesmumitpO
3neewtebelacsegnaragnsu
.mn21dna
NIARniaryvaehrofgnittesmumitpO
elacsegnaragnisusnoitidnoc
.mn42dna6neewteb
N-DRIBgnitcetedrofgnittesmumitpO
elacsegnaragnisusdrib
.mn8dna3neewteb
F-DRIBgnitcetedrofgnittesmumitpO
elacsegnaragnisusdrib
.mn42dna61neewteb
1. Press the [MENU] key followed by the [6] key twice to display the FUNC menu.
2. Press [1] or [2] key twice to select func­tion to program. For example, press the [1] key to program FUNC1. The following menu appears.
FUNC 1 MENU
1.
2. FUNC SEL COAST OCEAN R-SEA RAIN BIRD-N BIRD-F
3. ECHO AVG OFF 0.5 1 2 3
4. INT REJ OFF 1 2 3
5. STRETCH OFF 1 2
6. N REJ OFF ON
7. ENHANCE OFF ON
8. CONTRAST OFF 1 2 3
9. A/C AUTO OFF ON
Figure 1-42 FUNC1 menu
3. Press the [2] key twice to select function desired.
4. Change other functions (echo avg, int rej, etc.) if necessary.
5. Press the [ENTER/SELECT] key to reg­ister your selection followed by the [MENU] key to close the menu.
FUNC
1. FUNC1
2. FUNC2
3. F1
4. F2
5. F3
6. A/D CURVE A B C D
Figure 1-41 FUNC menu
Table 1-3 Default function key settings
sgnitteSyeKnoitcnuFtluafeD
lebaLOHCE.3
GVA
TSAOC11FFOFFOFFO2FFO NAECO11FFOFFOFFO2FFO
AES-R21FFOFFOFFO2NO
NIAR5.01 FFOFFOFFO2FFO
N-DRIB21FFONOFFO2FFO F-DRIB312NOFFO3FFO
TNI.4
JER
HCTERTS.5JERN.6ECNAHNE.7-NOC.8
TSART
C/A.9
OTU/A
1-28
1.33 Suppressing Second-trace
1.34 Adjusting Brilliance of
Echoes
In certain situations, echoes from very dis­tant targets may appear as false echoes (sec­ond-trace echoes) on the screen. This occurs when the return echo is received one trans­mission cycle later, that is, after a next radar pulse has been transmitted.
To activate or deactivate the second-trace echo rejector:
1. Press the [MENU] key followed by the [5] key twice to display the ECHO SIG menu.
ECHO SIG
1. TGT COLOR YEL GRN COLOR
2. ECHO AVG OFF 0.5 1 2 3
3. INT REJ OFF 1 2 3
4. N REJ OFF ON
5. ENHANCE OFF ON
6. 2ND ECHO OFF ON
7. CONTRAST 1 2 3
8. CLTR SWEEP OFF ON(LINK) ON(FIX)
9. SWEEP LVL 1 2 3
0. CNTR ENHANCE OFF ON
Figure 1-43 ECHO SIG menu
Screen Data
You can adjust relative brilliance levels of various marks and alphanumeric readouts displayed on the screen as follows:
1. Press the [MENU] key.
2. Press the [9] key twice to show the BRILL menu.
BRILL
1. TGT TRAIL
2. CHARACTER
3. HDG LINE
4. EBL/VRM
5. CURSOR
6. MARK
7. PLOT
8. OS SYMB
9. * * Requires RP-17 Board.
Figure 1-44 BRILL menu
3. Press appropriate numeric key twice to select item to adjust. For example, press the [1] key if you want to change the bril­liance of target trails.
2. Press the [6] key to select OFF or ON from the 2ND ECHO field as appropriate.
3. Press the [ENTER/SELECT] key to con­clude your selection followed by the [MENU] key to close the menu.
4. Operate the VRM rotary control to adjust brilliance. Current brilliance level is dis­played on the selected item’s bar graph. The adjustment range is as follows;
1. ECHO TRAIL: 10%-50%
2. CHARACTER, 3. HDG LINE: 50%­ 100%
4. EBL/VRM, 5. CURSOR, 6. MARK,
7. PLOT, 8. OS SYMB: 0%-100%
5. Press the [ENTER /SELECT] key to con­clude your selection followed by the [MENU] key to close the menu.
1-29

1.35 Noise Rejector

The noise rejector suppresses white noise, which appears on the screen as many dots scattered randomly over the display.
To suppress white noise:
1. Press the [MENU] key.
2. Press the [2] key to select desired interval (3, 6, 12, 15, 20 min) from the ALM INTVL field.
3. Press the [ENTER/SELECT] key to con­clude your selection followed by the [MENU] key to close the menu.
2. Press the [5] key twice to show the ECHO SIG menu.
ECHO SIG
1. TGT COLOR YEL GRN COLOR
2. ECHO AVG OFF 0.5 1 2 3
3. INT REJ OFF 1 2 3
4. N REJ OFF ON
5. ENHANCE OFF ON
6. 2ND ECHO OFF ON
7. CONTRAST 1 2 3
8. CLTR SWEEP OFF ON(LINK) ON(FIX)
9. SWEEP LVL 1 2 3
0. CNTR ENHANCE OFF ON
Figure 1-45 ECHO SIG menu
3. Press the [4] to select OFF or ON from the N REJ field as appropriate.
4. Press the [ENTER/SELECT] key to con­clude your selection followed by the [MENU] key to close the menu.

1.36 Time Alarm

The time alarm gives an aural at a predeter­mined interval.

1.37 Enhanced Video

On long ranges target echoes tend to shrink in the bearing direction, making them difficult to see. On short and medium ranges such as
1.5, 3 and 6 nm scales, the same size targets get smaller on screen as they approach the own ship. These are due to the inherent prop­erty of the radiation pattern of the antenna. To enhance target video, use the enhanced video function. It enlarges target echoes in bearing and range direction on 1.5-6 nm scales.
1. Press the [MENU] key followed by the [5] key twice to show the ECHO SIG menu.
ECHO SIG
1. TGT COLOR YEL GRN COLOR
2. ECHO AVG OFF 0.5 1 2 3
3. INT REJ OFF 1 2 3
4. N REJ OFF ON
5. ENHANCE OFF ON
6. 2ND ECHO OFF ON
7. CONTRAST 1 2 3
8. CLTR SWEEP OFF ON(LINK) ON(FIX)
9. SWEEP LVL 1 2 3
0. CNTR ENHANCE OFF ON
T o silence the alarm, press the [AUDIO OFF] key. The label T-ALM turns to normal color and the timer is reset to initial value and starts the count-down sequence again.
To activate the time alarm:
1. Press [MENU], [0] twice and [4] twice to display the TIME ALARM.
TIME ALARM
1.
2. ALARM INTV OFF 3M 6M 12M 15M 20M
Figure 1-46 TIME ALARM menu
1-30
Figure 1-47 ECHO SIG menu
2. Press the [5] key to select OFF or ON from the ENHANCE field.
3. Press the [ENTER/SELECT] key , and then press the [MENU] key.
Echo enlarged in bearing and range directions
Figure 1-48 How the enhance
function works
Note: Enhanced video can also be selected with a user key.
4. Press the [2] key to select desired de­gaussing interval (OFF , 1, 5, 10 min) from the DEGS INTV field, and then press the [ENTER/SELECT] key.
5. Press the [3] key to select desired de­gaussing degree (45°, 90°, 135°) from the DEGS DEG field. For example, selecting 45° will automatically degauss the screen when the ship makes a turn which is be­tween 45° and 89°.
6. Press the [ENTER/SELECT] key followed by the [MENU] key.

1.39 Navigation Data

1.38 Degaussing Interval

The screen is degaussed automatically at certain time intervals, as well as each time the radar is turned on, to demagnetize the CRT screen to eliminate color contamination caused by earths magnetism or magnetized ship structure. You can select the degauss­ing interval and the degaussing degree as follows:
1. Press the [MENU] key followed by the [0] key twice to select OTHER.
2. Press the [0] key twice to select the OTHER menu.
OTHER
1.
2. TEST
3. DEGAUSS
4. TIME ALARM
5. RANGE
6. INSTALL
Various navigation data can be displayed (and their format selected) with connection of appropriate external sensors. You can se­lect which navigation data to display as fol­lows:
1. Press the [MENU] key, and then the [0] key twice show the OTHER menu.
2. Press the [8] key twice to select display the NAV DATA menu.
3. Press appropriate numeric key to turn data on/off, select format, etc. Press the [ENTER/SELECT] key after setting each option. Water temperature and depth dis­plays are off in the default setting.
Note 1: OFF in the OS POSN field simply erases own ship position data; it does not stop input of nav data from a navigation device.
Note 2: TIME DIF selects time system to use; UTC or LOCAL. UTC = Local + T ime Dif.
Figure 1-49 OTHER menu
3. Press the [3] key twice to display the DE­GAUSS menu.
DEGAUSS
1.
2. DEGS INTV OFF 30S 1M 2M
3. DEGS DEG OFF 45° 90° 135°
Figure 1-50 DEGAUSS menu
4. Press the [MENU] key. All navigation data may be turned on/off by
the keying sequence of [MENU], [0] (twice) and [5].
1-31

1.40 Video Contrast

The video contrast is adjustable in three lev­els according to the radar video sampling level. Select the level so that the video con­trast feature changes the dynamic range of the video signal to improve picture contrast. Picture shows up most clearly from the back­ground.
1. Press the [MENU] key.
2. Press the [5] key twice to display the ECHO SIG menu.
ECHO SIG
1. TGT COLOR YEL GRN COLOR
2. ECHO AVG OFF 0.5 1 2 3
3. INT REJ OFF 1 2 3
4. N REJ OFF ON
5. ENHANCE OFF ON
6. 2ND ECHO OFF ON
7. CONTRAST 1 2 3
8. CLTR SWEEP OFF ON(LINK) ON(FIX)
9. SWEEP LVL 1 2 3
0. CNTR ENHANCE OFF ON
3. Press the [8] key to turn on/off the clutter sweep function, and then press the [EN­TER/SELECT] key.
OFF: Turns off clutter sweep
feature.
ON(LINK): Sweep area moves with
trackball operation. Sweep cursor shown by dashed lines.
ON(FIX): Sweep area is fixed on the
screen. Sweep cursor shown by solid lines.
4. Press the [9] key (SWEEP LVL) several times to select level of suppression to use; 3 provides the highest level of noise sup­pression.
5. Press the [ENTER/SELECT] key to reg­ister your selection and the [MENU] key to finish.
6. Operate the trackball to select area to pro­cess.
Select area to process with square cursor.
Figure 1-51 ECHO SIG menu
3. Press the [7] key to select desired con­trast level from the CONTRAST field.
4. Press the [ENTER/SELECT] key to reg­ister you selection and the [MENU] key to finish.

1.41 Clutter Sweep

The clutter sweep feature suppresses sea and rain clutters within the trackball-selected area, to discriminate specific targets from noise. The user may select the area to pro­cess and the level of suppression to apply as follows:
1. Press the [MENU] key.
2. Press the [5] key twice to select the ECHO SIG menu.
Figure 1-52 Selection of area to
process with clutter sweep
The clutter sweep feature may also be acti­vated by a user key.

1.42 Outputting Target Position

Target position can be output (in IEC 61162­1 format) to a video plotter and marked on its screen with a symbol. Select target with the trackball and push the A/C RAIN control. (TLL) This function requires position data and compass signal.
1-32

1.43 Background Color

3. Press the [5] key twice to select RANGE.
The secondary function of the BRILL control (BKGND COLOR) is to select the color of the background, characters, menu, markers and indications, from the five color combinations shown in the table below. Each press of the control selects one of the five color combina­tions.
Table 1-4 Available color combinations
tnemegnarrA12345
aerA
yalpsiDradaR
aerAyalpsiD
sretcarahCNRGNRGNRGTHWDER
uneMLEYLEYLEYLEYDER
MRV/LBEULB-LNRGNRGNRGULB-L
sgniRegnaRNRGTHWTHWTHWNRG
rosruCTHWNRGNRGNRGTHW
eniLgnidaeHNRGTHWTHWTHWNRG
mralAtegraT
enoZ
rekraMhtroNTHWULB-LULB-LULB-LTHW rekraMnretSTHWULB-LULB-LULB-LTHW
KLBULBULBULBKLB
radaRedistuO
KLBKLBKLBULBKLB
thgilhgiHuneMLEYLEYLEYLEYDER
THWULB-LULB-LULB-LTHW
wolleY,LEY,neerG,NRG
;etihW,THW;eulb-thgiL,ULB-L;eulB,ULB;kcalB,KLB
RANGE
1.
2. RANGE 1/8 1/4 1/2 3/4 1 1.5 2 3 4 6 8 12 16 24 32 48 72 96 120
Figure 1-54 RANGE menu
4. Press the [2] key to place the underline under the range scale to select/deselect and then press the [ENTER/SELECT] key . Active ranges are highlighted. Repeat to select/deselect other ranges.
5. Press the [MENU] key.
1.45 Selecting Bearing Scale
Format
The bearing scale may be displayed in de­grees or compass points or degrees as fol­lows:
1. Press the [MENU] key.
2. Press the [0] key twice to display the OTHER menu.

1.44 Selecting Range Scales

Range scales to use may be selected as fol­lows:
1. Press the [MENU] key.
2. Press the [0] key four times to display the OTHER sub menu.
OTHER
1.
2. TEST
3. DEGAUSS
4. TIME ALARM
5. RANGE
6. INSTALL
Figure 1-53 OTHER sub menu
3. Press the [6] key twice to display the MARK/LINE menu.
MARK/LINE
1.
2. INDEX LINES 2 6
3. STERN MARK OFF ON
4. SHIPS MARK OFF ON
5. BEARING SCALE 360 COMPASS
Figure 1-55 MARK/LINE menu
4. Press the [5] key to select 360 (degrees) or COMPASS.
5. Press the [ENTER/SELECT] key to reg­ister your selection and the [MENU] key to close the menu.
1-33
1.46 A/D Converter Curve

1.47 Enlarging Close-in Targets

Setting
Video signal threshold level and color output setting (for the CRT) are executed when the video signal is converted from analog to digi­tal. Select the A/D curve according to objec­tive referring to the table below. The default setting is A.
1. Press the [MENU] key.
2. Press the [6] key twice to display the FUNC menu.
FUNC
1. FUNC1
2. FUNC2
3. F1
4. F2
5. F3
6. A/D CURVE A B C D
The center enhance feature enlarges all ech­oes within the first range on any range.
1. Press the [MENU] key.
2. Press the [5] key twice to display the ECHO SIG menu.
3. Press the [0] key to turn CNTR ENHANCE on or off.
4. Press the [ENTER/SELECT] key followed by the [MENU] key.
Figure 1-56 FUNC menu
3. Press the [6] key to select A/D curve set­ting, referring to the table below.
4. Press the [ENTER/SELECT] key followed by the [MENU] key.
Table 1-5 A/D curve settings
tubneergfotolA
.derelttil
A
.roloc
B
C
D
.C
.derfotol
.derdna
.derfotol
nineergsiesioN
dnaAneewteB
tubneergelttiL
.esioneniF
wolleyniesioN
tubneergelttiL
.esioneniF
.derniesioN
Cnaht
noitcetedtaolF
snoitcelferaesecudeR
noitagivanlareneG
roflufesU:esulamroN
noitanimircsidtegrat
noitcetedegnargnoL
noitcetedyouB
noitcetedegnargnoL
noitcetedyouB
noitcetedegnarregnoL
1-34

1.48 Alarms

The table below shows the alarm indications which appear on the display screen.
Table 1-6 Alarms
tluaFmralaelbiduAmralalausiVsutatsmralatiuqoT
eruliafgnidaeHspeebgnidaeHlebalsdaer
egassemehtdna"°x.xxx"
"GNISSIMLANGISORYG"
.dernisraeppa
yllacitamotuasiyalpsiD
edompu-daeHotdehctiws
nim1nihtiw.
tegraTmralaspeeB.sehsalftegraT.yek]MRALATGT[sserP
mralahctaWspeeB00:0HCTAW
snrut"MITHCTAW"lebaL( sezeerftnuocemitdnader
.)".00:0"ta
nol/talpihsnwO
nol/talrosruC
eruliafmetsySenoNLANGISIZA"egasseM
tcerrocnI
ekortsyek
enoNnoitisoppihsnwoni"x.xxx"
dleif
noitisoprosrucni"x.xxx"
dleif
oN.sraeppa"GNISSIM
.seohceradar
enotpeebelbuoDenoNdednopsersiekortsyektcerroC
neercs-noehthctaMGDH
tuodaerlautcaehthtiw
gnidaerssapmoc.yrassecenfi,
sserpmralaelbiduapotsoT
.yek]FFOOIDUA[eht
.)22.1noitceS(
yek]FFOOIDUA[ehtsserP.
otsnrutHCTAWlebalehT
siremitehtdnaoedivlamron
teser)63.1noitceS(.
pihsnwotahterusekaM
morfdefsiatadnoitisop
.tnempiuqevanoidarlanretxe
tahtdedivorppeebelgnisayb
tadetcelessiNOPEEBYEK
.noitallatsni
eruliafgoLspeeb2GOLS"dna"x.xx"GOL
eruliafSFPEpeebsuounitnoC:SFPE(derniSFPE
noitacidniGOSenoNtasraeppa)derni(GOS
ROTCEVEURT
noitacidni
enoN)der(ROTCEVEURT
ehtesu,deliafsahgolehtfI
,raeppa"GNISSIMLANGIS
roftupnisilangisgolonfi
pihsnwoelihwces03
nahtsselneebsahdeeps
.tk5.0
gnidniF-noitisoPcinortcelE
oslanoitacidniehT.)metsyS
SPGehtnehwsraeppa
neewtebdehctiwssiedom
.SGPDdnaSPG
nehwrenrocthgirpoteht
nodetcelessinoitpoGOS
detaicossaehttubunemeht
atcetedotsliafEMDS
dnadeepsgnikcartmottob
deepS"ehtotsegnahc
)TW-S("retawehthguorht
.yllacitamotuaedom
ataddnocesehtnisraeppa
noitatneserpehtnehwllec
ehtniffoseog;MRsiedom
.MTpu-htroN
.rosnesetairporppa
.yek]FFOOIDUA[
tonseodradarehT
rehtoro,edomdeepSlaunaM
ehtsserp,peebehtecnelisoT
otflestiteseryllacitamotua
fineveatadGOSnaeviecer
mottobasniagerEMDSeht
GOSesareoT.deepsgnikcart
,]UNEM[sserp,)der(noitacidni
.]UNEM[,]TW-Stceles[,]0[
1-35
Table 1-6 Alarms (con’t)
tluaFmralaelbiduAmralalausiVsutatsmralatiuqoT
langisoediV
eruliaf
enilgnidaeH
eruliaf
gnittolpAPEenoNtahtsmrofniTOLPETADPU
noisillocnotegraT
esruoc
speeBnehwsraeppaNOISILLOC
peebsuounitnoCGNISSIMLANGISOEDIV
peebsuounitnoCGNISSIMLANGISLH
ehtsserp,peebehtecnelisoT
.sraeppa
.degnahcsi
.sraeppa
.degnahcsi
ecnosawhcihwtegrata
-erneebtonsahdettolp .setunim01nihtiwdettolp
tegratdekcart-ATAro-APE
.esruocnoisillocnosi
.ffo
.tegratehtkcart
rezzuB.yek]FFOOIDUA[
egnarehtnehwniagasdnuos
ehtsserp,peebehtecnelisoT
rezzuB.yek]FFOOIDUA[
egnarehtnehwniagasdnuos
tegratgnihsalfehteriuqcaeR
ehtdragersidro,nim5nihtiw
otyrassecentonsitifitegrat
ronoitcaevisaveekaT
.tegratfognikcartetanimret
seognoitacidnilausiv,nehT

1.49 Peformance Monitor

The performance monitor (PM-30 for FR-1710/1725, PM-50 for 1760DS) provides an effec­tive means of general performance check of a radar installation. It works like a transponder. Installed in the proximity of the radar antenna, it is triggered by part of the transmitted micro­wave energy and sends back a coded signal to the antenna for display on the radar screen. Overall performance can be checked from the range, size and number of arcs displayed on the radar screen. For further details see the operators manual of the performance monitor.
To turn on the performance monitor:
1. Press the [MENU] key.
2. Press the [0] key twice to display the OTHER menu.
3. Press the [5] key twice to open the DISPLAY menu.
1.
2. NAV DATA OFF ON
3. DISPLAY MAIN SUB
4. SART OFF ON
5. P M OFF ON
DISPLAY
Figure 1-57 DISPLAY menu
4. Press the [5] key to select ON or OFF from the P M field as appropriate.
5. Press the [ENTER/SELECT] key followed by the [MENU] key. When the performance monitor is turned on the radar is automatically set up as follows: IR,
Off; ECHO AVG, Off; ES, Off; A/C AUTO, Off, N REJ, Off, RANGE, 24 nm.
1-36

RADAR OBSERVATION

2.1 General

Minimum and maximum ranges
Minimum range
The minimum range is defined by the short­est distance at which, using a scale of 1.5 or
0.75 nm, a target having an echoing area of
2
10 m
is still shown separate from the point
representing the scanner position. It is mainly dependent on the pulselength,
scanner height, and signal processing such as main bang suppression and digital quan­tization. It is a good practice to use a shorter range scale as far as it gives favorable defi­nition or clarity of picture. The IMO Resolu­tion A. 477 (XII) and IEC 936 require the minimum range to be less than 50 m. All FURUNO radars satisfy this requirement.
Maximum range
The maximum detecting range of the radar, Rmax, varies considerably depending on sev­eral factors such as the height of the scan­ner above the waterline, the height of the target above the sea, the size, shape and material of the target, and the atmospheric conditions.
Under normal atmospheric conditions, the maximum range is equal to the radar hori­zon or a little shorter. The radar horizon is longer than the optical one by about 6% be­cause of the diffraction property of the radar signal. The Rmax is given in the following equation.
R
= 2.2 x ( h1 + h2 )
max
where Rmax: radar horizon (nautical miles)
h1: scanner height (m)
h2: target height (m)
For example, if the height of the scanner above the waterline is 9 meters and the height of the target is 16 meters, the maximum ra­dar range is;
R
= 2.2 x ( 9 + 16 ) = 2.2 x (3 + 4) = 15.4 nm
max
It should be noted that the detection range is reduced by precipitation (which absorbs the radar signal).
X-band and S-band
In fair weather, the above equation does not give a significant difference between X- and S-band radars. However, in heavy precipita­tion condition, an S-band radar would have better detection than an X-band radar.
Radar resolution
There are two important factors in radar resolution (discrimination): bearing resolution and range resolution.
Bearing resolution
Bearing resolution is the ability of the radar to display as separate pips the echoes re­ceived from two targets which are at the same range and close together. It is proportional to the scanner length and reciprocally pro­portional to the wavelength. The length of the scanner radiator should be chosen for a bear­ing resolution better than 2.5° (IMO Resolu­tion). This condition is normally satisfied with a radiator of 1.2 m (4 ft) or longer in the X­band. The S-band radar requires a radiator of about 12 feet (3.6 m) or longer.
Radar horizon
Optical horizon
Figure 2-1 Radar horizon
2-1
Range resolution

2.2 False Echoes

Range resolution is the ability to display as separate pips the echoes received from two targets which are on the same bearing and close to each other. This is determined by pulselength only. Practically, a 0.08 microsec­ond pulse offers the discrimination better than 35 m as do so with all FURUNO radars.
Test targets for determining the range and bearing resolution are radar reflectors hav-
2
ing an echoing area of 10 m
.
Bearing accuracy
One of the most important features of the ra­dar is how accurately the bearing of a target can be measured. The accuracy of bearing measurement basically depends on the nar­rowness of the radar beam. However, the bearing is usually taken relative to the ship’s heading, and thus, proper adjustment of the heading line at installation is an important fac­tor in ensuring bearing accuracy . T o minimize error when measuring the bearing of a tar­get, put the target echo at the extreme posi­tion on the screen by selecting a suitable range.
Occasionally echo signals appear on the screen at positions where there is no target or disappear even if there are targets. They are, however, recognized if you understand the reason why they are displayed. Typical false echoes are shown below.
Multiple echoes
Multiple echoes occur when a transmitted pulse returns from a solid object like a large ship, bridge, or breakwater. A second, a third or more echoes may be observed on the dis­play at double, triple or other multiples of the actual range of the target as shown below. Multiple reflection echoes can be reduced and often removed by decreasing the gain (sensitivity) or properly adjusting the A/C SEA control.
True echo
Target
Own ship
Multiple echo
Range measurement
Measurement of the range to a target is also a very important function of the radar. Gen­erally, there are two means of measuring range: the fixed range rings and the variable range marker (VRM). The fixed range rings appear on the screen with a predetermined interval and provide a rough estimate of the range to a target. The variable range marker’s diameter is increased or decreased so that the marker touches the inner edge of the tar­get, allowing the operator to obtain more ac­curate range measurements.
Figure 2-2 Multiple echoes
Sidelobe echoes
Every time the radar pulse is transmitted, some radiation escapes on each side of the beam, called “sidelobes.” If a target exists where it can be detected by the side lobes as well as the main lobe, the side echoes may be represented on both sides of the true echo at the same range. Side lobes show usually only on short ranges and from strong targets. They can be reduced through care­ful reduction of the gain or proper adjustment of the A/C SEA control.
2-2
Shadow sectors
;
Target A
Target B (Spurious)
Target B (True)
Figure 2-3 Sidelobe echoes
Virtual image
A relatively large target close to your ship may be represented at two positions on the screen. One of them is the true echo directly reflected by the target and the other is a false echo which is caused by the mirror effect of a large object on or close to your ship as shown in the figure below. If your ship comes close to a large metal bridge, for example, such a false echo may temporarily be seen on the screen.
Target ship
Funnels, stacks, masts, or derricks in the path of the scanner block the radar beam. If the angle subtended at the scanner is more than a few degrees, a non-detecting sector may be produced. Within this sector targets can not be detected.
Radar antenna
Radar mast
Shadow sector
Figure 2-5 Shadow sectors
Own ship
True
echo
Mirror image
of target ship
Figure 2-4 Virtual image
False echo

2.3 SART (Search and Rescue T ransponder)

A Search and Rescue Transponder (SART) may be triggered by any X-Band (3 cm) ra­dar within a range of approximately 8 nm. Each radar pulse received causes it to trans­mit a response which is swept repetitively across the complete radar frequency band. When interrogated, it first sweeps rapidly (0.4 µs) through the band before beginning a rela­tively slow sweep (7.5 µs) through the band back to the starting frequency. This process is repeated for a total of twelve complete cycles. At some point in each sweep, the SART frequency will match that of the inter­rogating radar and be within the pass band of the radar receiver. If the SART is within range, the frequency match during each of the 12 slow sweeps will produce a response on the radar display, thus a line of 12 dots equally spaced by about 0.64 nautical miles will be shown.
2-3
When the range to the SART is reduced to about 1 nm, the radar display may show also the 12 responses generated during the fast sweeps. These additional dot responses, which also are equally spaced by 0.64 nm, will be interspersed with the original line of 12 dots. They will appear slightly weaker and smaller than the original dots.
Screen B: When SART is close
1.5 NM
Lines of 12 dots are displayed in concentric arcs.
Own ship's position
Radar receiver bandwidth
Echo of SART
Position of SART
Position of SART
Screen A: When SART is distant
Echo of SART
24 NM
Own ship's position
9500 MHz 9200 MHz
Radar antenna beamwidth
SART mark length
Sweep time
7.5 µs 95 µs
2. Press the [0] key twice.
3. Press the [5] key twice select DISPLAY.
DISPLAY
1.
2. NAV DATA OFF ON
3. DISPLAY MAIN SUB
4. SART OFF ON
Figure 2-8 DISPLAY menu
4. Press the [4] key several times to select OFF or ON from the SART field as ap­propriate.
5. Press the [ENTER/SELECT] key followed by the [MENU] key.
When the SART function is turned on the range is set to 12 nm, the noise rejector, echo averaging, AUTO A/C and interference rejec­tor are turned off, and SART is displayed at the upper left-hand corner of the screen.
Sweep start
Low speed sweep signal
High speed sweep signal
Figure 2-6 Appearance of SART signal on
the radar display
Showing SART marks on the radar display
A range scale between 6 and 12 nm with nor­mal radar settings should display SART sig­nals. However , this radar has a special feature which enhances the SART signals.
1. Detune the radar. Press the [MENU] key followed by the [0] key twice to display the OTHER menu.
OTHER
1. HDG SET
2. SPD MODE MAN LOG NAV
3. MAN SPD
4. DRIFT SET
5. DISPLAY
6. MARK/LINE
7. TUNE
8. NAV DATA
9. EBL/VRM
0.
General remarks on receiving SART
SART range errors
When responses from only the 12 low fre­quency sweeps are visible (when the SART is at a range greater than about 1 nm), the position at which the first dot is displayed may be as much as 0.64 nm beyond the true po­sition of the SART. When the range closes so that the fast sweep responses are seen also, the first of these will be no more than 150 meters beyond the true position.
Radar bandwidth
This is normally matched to the radar pulselength and is usually switched with the range scale and the associated pulselength. Narrow bandwidths of 3-5 MHz are used with long pulses on long range and wide band­widths of 10-25 MHz with short pulses on short ranges.
Any radar bandwidth of less than 5 MHz will attenuate the SART signal slightly, so it is preferable to use a medium bandwidth to ensure optimum detection of the SART.
2-4
Figure 2-7 OTHER menu
Radar side lobes

2.4 RACON (Radar Beacon)

As the SART is approached, side lobes from the radar scanner may show the SART re­sponses as a series of arcs or concentric rings. These can be removed by the use of the anti-clutter sea control although it may be operationally useful to observe the side lobes as they may be easier to detect in clut­ter conditions and also they will confirm that the SART is near to the ship.
Gain
For maximum range SART detection the nor­mal gain setting for long range detection should be used, that is, with background noise speckle visible.
A/C SEA control
For optimum range SART detection, this con­trol should be set to the minimum. Care should be exercised as wanted target in sea clutter may be obscured. Note also that in clutter conditions the first few dots of the SART response may not be detectable, irre­spective of the setting of the anti-clutter sea control. In this case, the position of the SART may be estimated by measuring 9.5 nm miles from the furthest dot back towards own ship.
A racon is a radar transponder which emits a characteristic signal when triggered by a ships radar (usually only the 3 centimeter band). The signal may be emitted on the same frequency as that of the triggering ra­dar, in which case it is superimposed on the ship's radar display automatically.
The racon signal appears on the PPI as a radial line originating at a point just beyond the position of the radar beacon or as a Morse code signal (figure below) displayed radially from just beyond the beacon.
Racon
Figure 2-9 Appearance of RACON signal
on the radar display
Some sets have automatic/manual anti-clut­ter sea control facilities in which case the op­erator should switch to manual.
A/C RAIN control
This should be used normally (to break up areas of rain) when trying to detect a SART response which, being a series of dots, is not affected by the action of the anti-clutter rain circuitry. Note that Racon responses, which are often in the form of a long flash, will be affected by the use of this control.
Some sets have automatic/manual anti-clut­ter rain control facilities in which case the op­erator should switch to manual.
Note: This SART information is excerpted from IMO SN/Circ 197 Operation of Marine Radar for SART Detection.
2-5

MAINTENANCE, TROUBLESHOOTING

WARNING
ELECTRICAL SHOCK HAZARD
Do not open the equipment.
Only qualified personnel should work inside the equipment.
Turn off the radar power switch before servicing the scanner unit. Post a warn­ing sign near the switch indicating it should not be turned on while the scanner unit is being serviced.
Prevent the potential risk of being struck by the rotating scanner and exposure to RF radiation hazard.
Wear a safety belt and hard hat when working on the scanner unit.
Serious injury or death can result if someone falls from the radar scanner mast.

3.1 Periodic Maintenance Schedule

Periodic checks and maintenance are important for proper operation of any electronic sys­tems. This chapter contains maintenance instructions to be followed to obtain optimum per­formance and the longest possible life of the equipment.
Table 3-1 Maintenance schedule
lavretnItniopkcehCserusaemdnakcehCskrameR
ylkeeWtinuyalpsiDforoiretxeehtnaelcyllacidoireP
.htolctfosyrdahtiwtinuyalpsid
elbaliavayllaicremmocfoesU
gnivah)yarps(renaelcTRC
.dednemmocersitceffecitatsitna
tcarttahcihws esuTONOD.tsud
tnevlosgnortss rorennihttniapekil
setaercTRCnotriddnatsuD
egrahccitatssecudorpneercsTRCA
.gninaelcrofsrenaelcevisarba
.ytivitisnesroopotralimissmotpmys
(Continued on next page)
3-1
Table 3-1 Maintenance schedule (con’t)
lavretnItniopkcehCserusaemdnakcehCskrameR
6ot3
shtnom
-ilauqrof(
-hcetdeif
snaicin
)ylno
shtnom6
enoot
raey
-ilauqrof(
-hcetdeif
snaicin
)ylno
nisgulp
rotaidar
rennacS
lanimreT
rennacstinu
dnaTRC
stundesopxE
nostlobdna
tinurennacs
.riaperrofllacneht
dnaspirts
gnidnuorrus
stnenopmoc
.stnenopmoc
gulpdnapirtslanimret
.noitaroiretedrofsrevoc
dnaTRCtaegatlovhgiH
denesoolrodedorrocrofkcehC
naelc,yrassecenfI.stlobdnastun
ecalpeR.ylkcihtmehttniaperdna
.dedorrocylivaehfimeht
noskcarcdnatridrofkcehC
dluohstridkcihT.ecafrusrotaidar
htolctfoshtiwffodepiweb
afi.retawhserfhtiwdenepmad
thgilsaylppa,dnuofsikcarc
rodnuopmocgnilaesfotnuoma
,ydemeryraropmetasaevisehda
kcehcotrevocrennacsnepO
kcehcoslA.edisnisnoitcennoc
annetnafoteksagrebbureht
tcarttastnenopmocgnidnuorrus
lliwhcihwtnemnorivnenitsud
aksA.noitalusniroopesuac
relaedroevitatneserperONURUF
egatlov-hgihlanretninaelcot
morfecirennacsnedoowaesu,tinu
.stiucriclanretni
gnisolcnehWrennacsnisrevoc
:naicinhcetecivresroF tatiaW
desuebyamdnuopmocgnilaeS
llamsaylppA.tniapfodaetsni
dnastunneewtebesaergfotnuoma
.erutufnilavomerysaerofstlob
)enoteca(tnevloscitsalpesutonoD
evomerotdeenuoyfI.gninaelcrof
.remmahdaehcitsalproremmah
retawesuacyamtinuehtnokcarC
otsegamadsuoiresgnisuac,ssergni
esoolhctacottonluferaceb,noitisop
.tinudnasrevocneewtebseriw
eriwropacrebburedonaTRCfI
.tiecalper,dekcarcsihtaehs
egatlovhgihlitnusetunim3tsael
VHdnaTRC(stnenopmoc
laudiserriehtegrahcsid)sroticapac
.mehtgnisseccaerofebsegrahc
lanimreT
,spirts
htrae,stekcos
lanimret
.cte,gnitaesreporp
.snoitcennocesoolrofkcehC rofsgulpdnastcatnockcehC

3.2 Life Expectancy of Major Parts

Table 3-2 Life expectancy of major parts
traPepyT.oNedoCycnatcepxeefiLepyTradaR
nortengaM)Wk06(F0425GM042-001-000sruoh000,3SD0671-RF nortengaM1425GM630-001-000sruoh000,30171-RF nortengaM6345GM267-041-000sruoh000,35271-RF
3-2

3.3 Fuse Replacement

3.5 Simple Troubleshooting

Various fuses are used to protect the equip­ment from overvoltage (overcurrent) or equip­ment fault. If the fuse blows find the cause before replacing. If the fuse blows again after replacement, request service.
CAUTION
Use the proper fuse.
Use of a wrong fuse can cause fire or equipment damage.
Table 3-3 Fuses
tinuyalpsiDA02
SD0671-RF
tinU
0171-RF 5271-RF
ylppuSrewoP
tinuyalpsiDA02
A2,A5
tinuCD
A01
A5
CAV001 CAV022
This paragraph describes how to cure opera­tional problems, which can be made by ob­serving the radar picture and using operator controls and keys without opening the display unit, antenna unit or other equipment units.
The table below shows user-level troubleshooting procedures.
Table 3-5 Easy troubleshooting
melborPydemeR
roloC
nwooN
sraeppa
krampihsre
pihsnwo,oslA.)]6[,]6[
.sliated
erutcipoN.esiwkcolclortnocLLIRBehtnruT
.neercsehtssuaged
lamronba
siNOKRAMS'PIHStahtkcehC
unemENIL/KRAMehttadetceles
]0[,]0[,]UNEM[:ecneuqesgniyek(
).cte,htdiw,htgnel(noitamrofni
laitininideretneneebevahdluohs
ONURUFatlusnoC.sgnittes
rofrelaedroevitatneserper
otlortnocyratorLBEehthsuP

3.4 Replacement of Batteries

The GYRO CONVERTER Board (option) has a battery. The battery for the RP Board pre­serves data when the power is turned off, and its life is about five years. When the battery voltage is low, NG (No Good) appears at the diagnostic test for the RP board. When this happens, contact your dealer to request re­placement of the battery.
Table 3-4 Battery replacement information
draoB
emaN
draoBPRS3RE957-721-000 draoBCGL.82/1RC967-301-000
yrettaB
epyT
edoC
rebmuN
atadvanoN.ecivednoitagivannonruT
3-3

3.6 Advanced-level Troubleshooting

This paragraph describes how to cure hardware and software troubles which should be car­ried out by qualified service personnel.
Note: This radar equipment contains complex modules in which fault diagnosis and repair down to component level are not practicable by users.
Serviceman qualification
All adjustments of radio transmitter during or coinciding with the installation, servicing, or maintenance which may affect the proper operation must be performed by or under the imme­diate supervision and responsibility of a person holding an operator certificate containing a ship radar endorsement.
This is what the U.S. Codes of Federal Regulations part 80.169 implies (not exact extract). As such, every administration sets forth its own rule; service personnel must be aware of this
kind of competency requirements.
Service call
When making a service call to your service agent, check S/N and symptom beforehand.
3-4
Table 3-6 Advanced-level troubleshooting
melborPdnatniopkcehC
C/AhtiwlortnocNIAGtsujdA
.muminimtateslortnocAES
raeppasdnegeldnaskraM
.ohceroesionontub
esiondnasdnegel,skraM
.ohceontubraeppa
,kaelnoissimsnarT(
pihsnwognitneserper
).tnesbasi,noitisop
detadputonerutciProtareneGlangiSgniraeB.1
fonoitatneirotcerrocnI
erutcip
esuacelbaborp
reifilpmaFI.1
nortengaM.1
draoBrotaludoM.2
draoBUPS.3
(draoBrennacs)tinu
draoBUPS.2
pukcoloediV.3
draoBUPS.1
ecafretnIoryG.2
ydemeR
.reifilpmaFIecalpeR.1
neewtebelbaclangiS.2
yalpsiddnaannetna
).retemmhoyb
draoBreifilpmAoediV.3
.draoBUPSecalper
.draoBUPSecalpeR.3
.elbac
.draoBUPSecalpeR.2
.radarnodnaffonruT.3
GISDH"egassemehT.1
.yb-dnatsgnirud
.ecafretniorygecalpeR.2
fonoitalosidnaytiunitnockcehC.2
tcennocsiD:etoN(.elbaclaixaoc
fosdnehtobtasguldnagulpeht
tignikcehcerofebelbaclaixaoc
erucesrofenilxaocoedivkcehC.3
,doogsinoitcennocfI.noitcennoc
.tnerrucnortengamkcehC.1
.draoBrotaludoMecalpeR.2
langisfonoitcennocehtkcehC.1
ehtnehwsraeppa"GNISSIM
deviecertonsieslupgnidaeh
detsujdayllaunamgninuT
ytivitisnesrooptub
CIMdenuteD.2
.NO
radartubdegnahcegnaR
egnahctonseoderutcip
draoBUPS.2
draoBrehtoM.3
pukcoloediV.4
nortengamdetaroireteD.1
nortengamkcehc,egnar
ebyamnortengam,eulav
.denuteb
ecafrotaidarnotriD.3
sinoitcejerecartdnoceS.4
yekEGNARevitcefeD.1
.deriuqereb
.ecafrusrotaidarnaelC.3
.draoBUPSecalpeR.2
.draoBrehtoMecalpeR.3
.radarnodnaffonruT.4
mn84nognittimsnartradarhtiW.1
lamronwolebsitnerrucfI.tnerruc
.nortengamecalpeR.evitcefed
tifI.tnerrucgnitcetedCIMkcehC.2
yamCIM,eulavlamronwolebsi
tsumCIM.denutedemocebevah
rotcejerecart-dnocesehtelbasiD.4
.33.1hpargarapotgnirrefer
EGNAR]-[dna]+[tihotyrT.1
-sseccusnufI.semitlarevessyek
yamdapyekfotnemecalper,luf
3-5
Table 3-7 Advanced-level troubleshooting (cont)
melborPdnatniopkcehC
rotcejerecnerefretnI
ecnerefretni(elbareponi
)deyalpsidtonlevelnoitcejer
evitceffenihctertsohcE
si"2SE"ron"1SE"rehtieN(
).deyalpsid
senilxednilellarap2ylnO
)detnawsenil6(
tonerasgniregnaR
.deyalpsid
egnartanoitanimircsidrooPtonlortnocrettulcaeS.1
tonnoitatneserpnoitomeurT
.yltcerrocgnikrow
.1foecnaillirbehttsujdA
esuacelbaborp
draoBUPS.1
draoBrehtoM.2
draoBUPS.1.draoBUPSecalpeR.1
lavretnienil
draoBUPS.2
.yek
ydemeR
.draoBUPSecalpeR.1
.draoBrehtoMecalpeR.2
xednifognittestcerrocnI.1
.72.1hpargarap
ehthtiwsgniregnar
.desaercnisiytisnetni
.ylreporpgninoitcnuf
EDOMfotcatnocrooP.1
.desseccatonsinoitceleS.2
.tcerrocnisiyrtnedeepS.3
etaruccaniyalpsidMT.4
.lufsseccusnu
.draoBUPSecalpeR.2
foycneuqerfetaruccani
.rotallicsolatsyrc
.redrah
.sraeppa
.etaruccaerastupni
otgnirreferlavretnienilxedniteS.1
fidraobtiucricdetaicossaecalpeR.1
AESC/AfognittesreporpmI.1
ylnoneessiAESC/AfI.lortnoc
tcepsus,egnaresolcyrevta
elttilayekEDOMsserpotyrT.1
"MT"litnuyekEDOMsserP.2
deepspihsnwotcerrocretnE.3
.21.1hpargarapotgnirrefer
ssapmocdnadeepstahterusekaM.4
yltcerrocdekcarttontegraTnistegratfonoitinifedrooP.1
NIARC/AdnaAESC/AtsujdA.1
rettulcaes
.51.1dna41.1
shpargarapotgnirreferslortnoc
3-6

3.7 Diagnostic Test

A diagnostic test program is provided to en­able testing of major circuit boards in the ra­dar display unit. Note that the normal radar picture is lost during this test.
Proceed as follows to execute the diagnostic test:
1. Press the MENU key to shown the main menu.
2. Press the [0] key four times to select the OTHER sub menu.
3. Press the [2] key to select TEST.
[MENU] key
MENU
1. VIDEO PLOT
2. TGT TRAIL
3. TGT ALARM
4. PANEL DIM
5. ECHO SIG
6. FUNC
7. PLOT
8. MARK
9. BRILL
0. OTHER
[0] key TWICE
Program numbers appear. The diagnos­tic test is executed and the screen shows test results as shown on the next page. OKs appear for normal operation. ARP re­sults appear only when optional ARP Board is mounted. If NG (No Good) ap­pears, corresponding components may be defective. Consult your dealer.
5. Small squares and circles displayed on the test results screen are for testing the keys and controls. As you operate the keys, corresponding squares are highlighted, in­dicating that your control/key operations are properly recognized.
6. Press the [ENTER/SELECT] key to check the display circuit. See page 3-9.
7. T o terminate the diagnostic test, press the [MENU] key.
OTHER
1. HDG SET
2. SPD MODE MAN LOG NAV
3. MAN SPD
4. DRIFT SET
5. DISPLAY
6. MARK/LINE
7. TUNE
8. NAV DATA
9. EBL/VRM
0.
[0] key TWICE
OTHER
1.
2. TEST
3. DEGAUSS
4. TIME ALARM
5. RANGE
6. INSTALL
[2] key TWICE to start test
Figure 3-1 Sequence for diagnostic test
3-7
Control Check Bar length increases with clockwise rotation; decreases with counterclockwise rotation.
FR-1700 Series TEST
1. Program No. 03591511**
2. ROM Check OK
3. RAM Check OK
4. Antenna Rotation 24rpm
5. Tx Trigger Frequency 3000Hz
6. Video Level 000
7. Video Signal OK
8. Navigation I/O 1 OK
9. Navigation I/O 2 OK
10. NMEA Heading IN OK
11. LOG Pulse IN OK
ARP Test
1. Program No. 18590411** 18590421**
2. ROM Check OK OK
3. RAM Check OK
4. Speed Log OK 0.0 KT
5. Course OK
6. Trigger OK
7. Video Signal OK
8. Bearing Pulse OK
9. Heading Pulse OK
10. Minimum Hit 0003
11. Scan Time 0274
12. Manual Acq. 00
13. Auto Acq. 00
14. FE-Data 1 0000
15. FE-Data 2 0000
Press MENU key to escape. Press ENTER key to check CRT.
000
000
ROM Test RAM Test
** Program No.
Press MENU key to return to radar picture.
Press ENTER/SELECT key to go picture check facility.
Y
G
E
R
R
E
E
E
D
N
B
L
L
L
U
O
E
W
EBL Control Confirmation (Figure increments upward with clockwise rotation; downward with counterclockwise rotation.)
Figure 3-2 Test results screen
P U R P L E
Test pattern
L
W
B
H
L
I
U
T
E
E
X:000 Y:000
Trackball Confirmation Figure increments upward with up, right rotation; downward with down, left rotation.
VRM Control Confirmation (Figure increments upward with clockwise rotation; downward with counterclockwise rotation.)
3-8
Select item with tenkey and adjust by VRM knob.
CRT ADJUSTMENT
1.
2. H SIZE
3. H POSITION
4. V SIZE
5. V POSITION
6. PINCUSHION
7. BRIGHTNESS
Figure 3-3 Display circuit test
3-9

PARTS LOCATION

Cooling Fan 0615-24M
ATA Board ARP-17 (option) 18P9004A
Figure 4-1 Display unit, right side view
Cooling Fan MMS-06C24DS-R01
DANGER
Electrical shock hazard. Do not touch anode cap or its cable.
RP Board RP-17 (option) 03P9259A
DANGER
Electrical shock hazard. Do not touch parts in­side this cover.
FR-1710: HV Board 03P9017A FR-1725: HV Board 03P9017B
FR-1710/1725: DC-PTU Board 03P9223A
AC-PTU Board 03P9228A/B
FR-1760DS: DC-PTU Board 03P9223B
Figure 4-2 Display unit,
left side view
4-1
CRT
Figure 4-3 Display unit, top view
SPU Board 03P9230
4-2
GYRO CONVERTER Board (option) 64P1106A
Figure 4-4 Display unit, top view

FR-1760DS Scanner Unit

MIC (ATT Board ATT-7362 behind MIC)
IF AMP 03P6570 (MBS Board 03P6569 behind IF AMP)
J910, P910
J601, P601
STB-2
STB-3
STB-1
RTB Board
[C] 03P6666
RELAY Board
[A] 03P9004
Figure 4-5 Scanner unit, left side view
J829 R811 R812
RF section
MD Board 03P6668
Magnetron MG5240F
CR808
CR809
Figure 4-6 Scanner unit, right side view
Pulse transformer T801
4-3
FR-1760DS Scanner Unit (con’t)
PULSE GENERATOR
Board [A] MP-3795
Scanner motor
B801
Figure 4-7 Scanner unit, right side view, RF section removed
J821
Choke coil L801
Fan motor B802
Magnetron MG5240F
MAG HTR DET Board [A] 03P6827
Pulse transformer T801
CR815
Relay K801 K802 K803
PFN Board
[C]03P6669
CR814
CR813
MD Board 03P6668
Figure 4-8 RF section, rear view
4-4

FR-1760DS Power Supply Unit

TX HV Board (2) 03P6810
Transmitter section
TX HV Board (1) 03P6810
Transformer T804
Check meter
Switch S801
Hour meter
Fuse 801
Fuse 802
Fuse 803
POWER Board 03P6810
Fan motor B801
RELAY Board [A] 03P9003
R813 Terminal board
PTB-2
Terminal board PTB-1
Figure 4-9 FR-1760DS Power supply unit
4-5

FR-1710/1725 Scanner Unit

RF Module
IF Board 03P9232
S901
MP-3795 Board
TB Board 03P9242
Motor
Bow Side
MIC Assy.
RU-9253 (For RTR-063) RU-9371 (For RTR-062A)
Diode Limitter RU-9099
RFC Board 03P9243
4-6
**KW
RTR-06*
RF module (Upper part)
MD Board 03P9244
Fan motor assy. 03-1900
C
B
J811
J812
A
4
6
Module (Lower part)
Pulse Transformer RT-9025 (For RTR-062A) RT-9023 (For RTR-063)
Magnetron E3566 (For RTR-062A) MG5436 (For RTR-063)
4-7
SPECIFICATIONS OF MARINE RADAR
FR-1710/1725/1760DS
1. ANTENNA RADIATORS
(1) Type Slotted waveguide array (2) Polarization Horizontal (3) Rotation 24 rpm or 42 rpm (FR-1760DS: 24 rpm only) (4) Radiator length 4 ft (XN12AF), 6.5 ft (XN20AF), 8 ft (XN24AF)
8.1 ft (SN4A), 9 ft (SN5A)
(5) Horizontal Beamwidth
-3 dB: 1.8° (XN12AF), 1.23° (XN20AF), 0.95° (XN24AF)
2.68° (SN4A), 1.23° (SN5A)
-20 dB: 3.1° (XN12AF), 3.1° (XN20AF), 2.5° (XN24AF) (6) Vertical Beamwidth 20° (7) Sidelobe attenuation
XN12AF: -24 dB (within ±10° of main-lobe)
-30 dB (outside ±10° of main-lobe)
XN20AF/XN24AF: -24 dB (within ±20° of main-lobe)
-30 dB (outside ±20° of main-lobe)
SN4A: -23 dB (within ±20° of main-lobe)
-25 dB (outside ±20° of main-lobe)
SN5A: -20 dB (within ±20° of main-lobe)
-25 dB (outside ±20° of main-lobe) (8) Antenna Gain XN12AF: 27.5 dB, XN20AF: 30.0 dB, XN24AF: 31.5 dB
SN4A: 26.0 dB, SN5A: 26.4 dB
(9) Wind Speed 51.5 m/s relative
2. RF TRANSCEIVER
(1) Frequency FR-1710/1725: 9410 MHz ±30 MHz
FR-1760DS: 3050 MHz ±30 MHz
(2) Output Power FR-1710: 10 kW, FR-1725: 25 kW, FR-1760DS: 60 kW (3) Spurious Response -40 dB or less (4) IF Amplifier 60 MHz, Logarithmic (5) Bandwidth
FR-1710/1725: Short 1/2, Middle 1 pulse: 27 MHz Middle 2/3, Long pulse: 3 MHz FR-1760DS: Short pulse: 27 MHz Middle 1/2, Long pulse: 3 MHz
SP - 1
(6) Range, Pulselength (PL) & Pulse Repetition Rate (PRR)
FR-1710/1725:
Range (nm)
PL PRR (Hz) 0.125 0.25 0.5 0.75 1.5 3 6 12 24 48 72 96 S1P 3000 0.07 µs S2P 3000 0.15 µs M1P 1500 0.3 µs M2P 1000 0.5 µs M3P 1000 0.7 µs LP 600 1.2 µs
*: Second echo trace mode PRR; 500 Hz Maximum Range: FR-1710: 72 nm, FR-1725: 96 nm FR-1760DS:
Range (nm)
PL PRR (Hz) 0.125 0.25 0.5 0.75 1.5 3 6 12 24 48 72 96 120 SP 1900 0.08 µs M1P 1100 0.3 µs M2P 600 0.6 µs LP 600
*: 450 Hz on 120 nm range
*
1.2 µs
(7) Duplexer Ferrite circulator with diode limiter (8) Noise figure FR-1710/1725: 6 dB, FR-1760DS: 4dB
3. RADAR DISPLAY
(1) Picture tube 17" color CRT, Effective display diameter: 225 mm
Yellow or green echoes in 16 levels
(2) Scanning Raster scan at scanning frequency 48.3 kHz horizontal, 60 Hz vertical.
Number of scanning lines 768, non-interlaced.
(3) Range scales and ring intervals
Range(nm) 0.125 0.25 0.5 0.75 1.5 3 6 12 24 48 72 96 120 Ring interval(nm) 0.025 0.05 0.1 0.25 0.25 0.5 1 2 4 8 12 16 20 No. of Rings 5 5 5 3 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6
Maximum Range: FR-1710: 72 nm, FR-1725: 96 nm, FR-1760DS: 120 nm
(4) Range discrimination 34 m on 1.5 nm range (5) Bearing discrimination XN12AF: 2.03°, XN20AF: 1.46°, XN24AF: 1.18°
SN4A: 2.83°, SN5A: 2.53°
(6) Minimum range 28 m
SP - 2
(7) Bearing accuracy ±1° (8) Range accuracy 1% of range in use or 8 m whichever is the greater (9) Presentation modes Head-up, Head-up TB, North-up, Course-up, True motion north-up
(Gyro signal required except for HU)
(10) Variable Range Markers Two Variable Range Markers, switchable (11) Electronic Bearing Lines Two Electronic Bearing Lines, switchable (12) Offcenter Sweep origin can be offcentered by 75% of range in use in any direction
(Not available for maximum range)
4. POWER SUPPLY
(1) DC Source
FR-1710/1725: 24 rpm: 24/32 VDC: 8.5/6.4 A, 42 rpm: 24/32 VDC: 8.8/6.6 A FR-1760DS: 24 VDC: 5.6 A
(2) AC Source
FR-1710: 100-115/200-230 VAC, 1 phase, 50-60 Hz
2.3 A (24 rpm), 3.2 A (42 rpm)
FR-1725: 100-115/200-230 VAC, 1 phase, 50-60 Hz
3.2 A (24 rpm), 3.3 A (42 rpm)
FR-1760DS: Display unit: 24 VDC: 5.6 A Antenna power supply unit:100-115 VAC: 3.0 A, 1 phase, 50-60 Hz 220/240 VAC, 1 phase, 50-60 Hz (optional rectifier required)
5. DIMENSION AND MASS
See Outline Drawing
6. ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
(1) Ambient temperature (Complies with IEC 945)
Display unit: -15 to + 55°C
Antenna unit : -25 to + 70°C (2) Relative humidity 95% at 40°C (3) Water proofing Display unit (panel): IEC60529 IPX2, Antenna unit: IEC60529 IPX6 (4) Vibration ±1 mm ±10%, 2(5) to 13.2 Hz,
Maximum acceleration 7 m/s2, 13.2 to 100 Hz
(5) Category of Equipment Units
Display unit: To be installed in a protected area Antenna power supply unit To be installed in a protected area Antenna unit: To be installed in an exposed area
SP - 3
Performance Monitor: To be installed in an exposed area
7. COATING COLOR
(1) Display Unit Panel: N3.0, Chassis: 2.5GY5/1.5 (2) Antenna Unit N9.5
8. COMPASS SAFE DISTANCE
(1) Display unit Standard: 1.15 m Steering: 0.90 m (2) Antenna unit
FR-1710: Standard: 1.65 m Steering: 1.25 m FR-1725: Standard: 2.15 m Steering: 1.60 m FR-1760DS: Standard: 4.40 m Steering: 3.30 m
(3) Antenna power supply unit Standard: 1.20 m Steering: 0.90 m
SP - 4

INDEX

A
A/C AUTO control 1-12 A/C RAIN control 1-13 A/C SEA control 1-12 ACQ key 1-20 A/D converter curve setting 1-35 Alarms 1-36 AUDIO OFF key 1-22
B
Background color 1-34 Battery replacement 3-3 Bearing measurement 1-14 Bearing scale format 1-34 BRILL control 1-3 Brilliance
screen 1-3 screen data 1-30
C
Clutter sweep 1-33 Compass readout adjustment 1-4
G
GAIN control 1-12 GZ ALARM key 1-17
H
Heading line 1-27 Heading marker 1-27 HM OFF control (GAIN control) 1-27
I
INDEX LINE key 1-26 Interference rejector 1-13
M
Maintenance schedule 3-1 Major parts life expectancy 3-2 MARK key 1-26 Menu tree viii MODE key 1-6 Multiple echoes 2-2
N
D
DEGAUSS control 1-4 Degaussing interval 1-32 Diagnostic test 3-7
E
EBL OFF key 1-14 EBL OFFSET key 1-15 EBL ON key 1-14 Echo averaging 1-19 ECHO control 1-10 Echo stretch 1-10 Electronic Plotting Aid (EPA) 1-20–1-23
CPA/TCPA ranges 1-22 past plot points 1-23 plotting a target 1-20 silencing audio alarm 1-22 target data 1-21 terminating plotting 1-21 true, relative vector 1-21
vector time 1-21 Enhanced video 1-31 Enlarging close-in targets 1-35
Navigation data 1-32 Noise rejector 1-31 North marker 1-27
O
Offcentering 1-17 Origin marks 1-26
P
Panel backlighting 1-3 Parallel index lines 1-26 POWER switch 1-1 Performance monitor 1-37 Presentation modes 1-6 Pulselength 1-10
R
RACON 2-5 RANGE key 1-8 Range measurement 1-14 Range scale 1-8 Range scale preset 1-34 RINGS key 1-14
F
False echoes 2-2–2-3 Function keys 1-28 Fuse replacement 3-3
S
SART (Search and Rescue Transponder) 2-3 Second-trace echoes 1-30 Shadow sector 2-3 SHIFT key 1-17
Index-1
Sidelobe echoes 2-2 Speed input 1-9 STBY/TX key 1-1 Stern marker 1-27 System configuration vi
T
Target alarm
acknowledging alarm 1-17
deactivating 1-17
inward, outward alarms 1-17
setting 1-16 Target position output 1-33 Target trails
afterglow 1-25
displaying, erasing target trails 1-24
restoring trails 1-24
target gradation 1-24
thin trails 1-25
trail brilliance 1-25
trail time 1-24
true, relative trails 1-23 Time alarm 1-31 Troubleshooting
advanced 3-4
simple 3-3 Tuning 1-3
U
User keys (F1, F2, F3) 1-28
V
Video contrast 1-33 Virtual image 2-3 VRM OFF key 1-14 VRM ON key 1-14
Z
Zoom 1-27 ZOOM key 1-27
Index-2
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