Ford F-550 Owner's Manual
fordowner.com
ford.ca
2013 Diesel Supplement
DC3J 19A285 AA | August 2012 | First Printing | Diesel Supplement | Power Stroke | Litho in U.S.A.
Table of Contents
Introduction
Instrument Cluster
Starting and Stopping the Engine
Fuel and Refueling
Brakes
Towing
Roadside Emergencies
Maintenance
Vehicle Care
Capacities and Specifications
Scheduled Maintenance
Normal scheduled maintenance and log 75
Index
2
6
8
14
44
45
46
48
64
66
70
93
The information contained in this publication was correct at the time of going to
print. In the interest of continuous development, we reserve the right to change
specifications, design or equipment at any time without notice or obligation. No
part of this publication may be reproduced, transmitted, stored in a retrieval
system or translated into any language in any form by any means without our
written permission. Errors and omissions excepted.
© Ford Motor Company 2012
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Introduction
POWER STROKE DIESEL ENGINE
Note: Your vehicle’s powertrain control systems can detect and store
information about vehicle modifications that increase horsepower and
torque output such as whether or not performance-enhancing powertrain
components commonly referred to as “performance chips” have been
used. This information cannot be erased and will stay in the system’s
memory even if the modification is removed. The information can be
retrieved by Ford Motor Company, Ford of Canada, and service and
repair facilities when servicing your vehicle. This information may be
used to determine if repairs will be covered by warranty.
Note: Some aftermarket products may cause severe engine/transmission
and/or exhaust system damage; refer to your warranty information for
more information.
Your new diesel engine will feel, drive and function somewhat differently
than a gasoline engine. Therefore it is very important that you read and
thoroughly familiarize yourself and others operating the vehicle with this
guide. A special procedure for turning off the diesel engine is in the
Starting and Stopping the Engine chapter. It is important to read
and understand this material in order to maintain the best
service life for your engine.
This supplement will acquaint you with the Power Stroke diesel engine.
It provides recommendations on engine care and operating procedures.
For complete vehicle information, also refer to your Owner’s Manual
included with the vehicle. It also describes equipment and gives
specifications for equipment that was in effect when this guide was
approved for printing, and should be considered a permanent part of the
vehicle.
Ford may discontinue models or change specifications without any notice
and without incurring obligations.
WARNINGS
Throughout this guide, you will find warnings identified by the warning
symbol. Warnings remind you to be especially careful to reduce the risk
of personal injury.
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Introduction
BREAKING-IN YOUR VEHICLE
Your vehicle does not need an extensive break-in. Try not to drive
continuously at the same speed for the first 1,000 miles
(1,600 kilometers) of new vehicle operation. Vary your speed to allow
parts to adjust themselves to other parts.
Drive your new vehicle at least 500 miles (800 kilometers) before towing
a trailer. Make sure you use the specified engine oil by checking the
engine oil specification chart under Engine oil in the Maintenance
chapter.
Do not add friction modifier compounds or special break-in oils during
the first few thousand miles (kilometers) of operation, since these
additives may prevent piston ring seating. See Engine oil in the
Maintenance chapter of this supplement for more information on oil
usage.
DIESEL ENGINE INFORMATION
The diesel engine fuel system is a pressurized two-stage filtration system
and consists of:
• a frame-mounted diesel fuel conditioner module (DFCM) / primary
filter with an electric fuel pump and water drain,
• an engine-mounted secondary fuel filter,
• a fuel injector for each cylinder (8 total),
• a high-pressure fuel pump,
• a high-pressure fuel rail for each cylinder bank (2 total) and
• numerous high-pressure pipes from the high-pressure pump to the
rails, and rails to the injectors.
The DFCM acts as a primary fuel filter/water separator which removes
both water and impurities from the fuel. The engine mounted filter filters
finer impurities from the diesel fuel. The engine-mounted fuel filter and
the DFCM filter should be changed at the recommended service interval
or when indicated by the information display LOW FUEL PRESSURE
message. Refer to the scheduled maintenance information in this
supplement for more information.
The DFCM should be drained at regular intervals (recommended at
every oil change) or when indicated by the information display and water
in fuel indicator light. See Fuel filter/water separator in the Fuel and
refueling chapter.
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Introduction
The fuel injection system is controlled through the Powertrain Control
Module (PCM).
Fuel is drawn from the fuel tank by a frame-mounted electric fuel pump
located inside the DFCM and provides pressurized fuel to the engine.
The fuel pump contains a pressure relief valve for overpressure
protection in the event of restricted flow.
Engine protection mode
Ford diesel engines are equipped with engine protection and emission
control systems. These systems monitor critical temperatures and
pressures, and modify engine operation accordingly. These features are
intended to modify engine performance characteristics.
If these modified engine
performance characteristics persist
for an extended period or either the
service engine soon or powertrain
malfunction/reduced power/
electronic throttle control light is
illuminated, seek service from your authorized dealer.
Lubrication system
It is important to change the engine oil at the recommended service
intervals to maintain oil viscosity. Extending the oil and filter change
interval beyond the recommended interval can negatively affect engine
performance, fuel economy and engine life. Refer to Engine oil in the
Maintenance chapter.
Fast start glow plug system
The diesel engine glow system consists of:
• eight glow plugs (one per cylinder)
• the glow plug control module (GPCM)
• engine coolant temperature (ECT) sensor
• barometric pressure (BARO) sensor
• environmental temperature sensor
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Introduction
The glow plug system is
electronically controlled by the PCM
and GPCM. The GPCM energizes the
glow plugs immediately after the ignition is turned on and kept on as
determined by the GPCM using the ECT, BARO and environmental
temperature sensor. The required time for the glow plugs to be
energized decreases as the coolant temperature, barometric pressure and
environmental temperature increase.
Engine and secondary cooling system
The cooling system contains an engine cooling loop to cool the engine
and a secondary cooling loop to cool the transmission, exhaust gas
recirculation (EGR), charge air and fuel. The coolant serves three
primary purposes: to provide heat transfer, freeze point protection, and
corrosion protection using additives.
Vehicles with diesel engines typically are used to carry heavy loads and
accumulate mileage rapidly. These two factors may cause the additives in
the coolant to “wear out” in a shorter time. Refer to the Special
operating conditions section for more information about coolant
additives and coolant change intervals. Operating the engine with
insufficient coolant and/or coolant additive can cause severe engine
damage.
Selective catalytic reduction (SCR) system
Your vehicle is equipped with a selective catalytic reduction (SCR)
system to help reduce emission levels of oxides of nitrogen from the
exhaust of the diesel engine. This system relies on the use of diesel
exhaust fluid (DEF) which must be replenished at certain intervals.
Failure to maintain proper DEF levels or if the DEF becomes
contaminated will result in vehicle speed limitations and/or result in the
vehicle entering an idle-only mode. See Selective catalytic reduction
(SCR) system in the Fuel and Refueling chapter for more information.
Speed control (if equipped)
If vehicle speed goes outside a predetermined range from the set speed,
the RES (Resume) function will not reset vehicle speed. Vehicle speed
will need to be reset with the SET +/- button after reaching desired
speed using accelerator pedal.
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Instrument Cluster
GAUGES
A
04
2
3
1
0
4
5
CH
CH
E
F
40
60
30
20
10
0
70
100
0
6
120
40
0
2
0
80
140
90
1
6
0
100
Cluster shown in standard measure. Metric similar.
A. Engine boost gauge
Engine Boost Gauge
Indicates the amount of manifold air pressure in the engine.
WARNING LAMPS AND INDICATORS
The following warning lamps and indicators will alert you to a vehicle
condition that may become serious. Some lamps will illuminate when you
start your vehicle to make sure they work. If any lamps remain on after
starting your vehicle, refer to the respective system warning lamp for
further information.
Note: Some warning indicators appear in the information display and
function the same as a warning lamp but do not display when you start
your vehicle.
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Instrument Cluster
Diesel Exhaust Fluid
With the key in the on position, this
light will illuminate if the exhaust
fluid is contaminated and/or low.
See Diesel exhaust fluid in the Fuel and Refueling chapter for more
information.
Glow Plug Pre-Heat
With the key in the on position, this
light will illuminate if glow plug heat
is necessary as a starting aid. Wait
until the light goes off before starting. Refer to Cold weather starting in
the Starting and Stopping the Engine chapter of this supplement.
After the engine starts, the light should turn off. The light should always
illuminate at least momentarily when the engine is cold and the ignition
is turned to on.
Water In Fuel
WARNING: Do not drain the DFCM while the engine is running.
Fuel may ignite if the separator is drained while the engine is
running or the vehicle is moving.
Note: Air will enter into the fuel system if the DFCM is drained while
the system is running. The engine will not operate properly if air enters
the system.
During refueling, it is possible for
water-contaminated diesel fuel to be
pumped into your tank. Your
vehicle’s fuel system is equipped with a fuel filter/water separator to
remove water from the fuel. The water in fuel light will illuminate when
the DFCM has a significant quantity of water in it.
If the light illuminates when the engine is running, stop the vehicle as
soon as safely possible, shut off the engine, then drain the DFCM. Refer
to Fuel filter/water separator in the Fuel and refueling chapter of this
supplement for the drain procedure. Allowing water to stay in the system
could result in extensive damage to, or failure of, the fuel injection
system.
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Starting and Stopping the Engine
STARTING THE ENGINE
Read all starting instructions carefully before you start your vehicle.
For temperatures below 32°F (0°C), the use of the correct grade engine
oil is essential for proper operation. Refer to Engine oil specifications
in the Maintenance chapter for more information.
Your vehicle may be equipped with a cold weather starting strategy that
prevents severe engine damage by assisting in engine lubrication
warm-up. In extremely cold ambient temperatures, this strategy activates
and prevents the accelerator pedal from being used for 30 seconds after
starting the vehicle. By not allowing the accelerator pedal to be used, the
engine oil is allowed to properly lubricate the bearings preventing engine
damage due to lack of proper lubrication. After the 30 second warm-up
period, the accelerator pedal will be operational again as long as the
pedal is not being pressed when the 30 second time limit expires. When
starting the engine in extremely cold temperatures (-15°F [–26°C]), it is
recommended to allow the engine to idle for several minutes before
driving the vehicle.
Make sure the gearshift lever is in P (Park) and the parking brake is fully
set before you turn the key. Do not press the accelerator during starting.
Cold Weather Starting
WARNING: Do not use starting fluid, such as ether, in the air
intake system (see air filter decal). Such fluid could cause
immediate explosive damage to the engine and possible personal injury.
WARNING: Do not add gasoline, gasohol or alcohol to diesel
fuel. This practice creates a serious fire hazard and causes
engine performance problems.
It is recommended that the engine block heater be used for starting
when the temperature is -10°F (-23°C) or colder. Refer to Engine block
heater (if equipped) in the Starting and Stopping the Engine chapter
of your Owner’s Manual.
When operating in cold weather, Motorcraft® cetane improvers or
non-alcohol-based cetane improvers from a reputable manufacturer may
be used as needed.
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Starting and Stopping the Engine
Do not crank the engine for more than 10 seconds as starter damage
may occur. If the engine fails to start, turn the key to 3 (off) and wait
30 seconds before trying again.
1. Turn the key to on without
turning the key to start. Do not
start the engine until the
glow-plug pre-heat indicator turns off.
2. When the glow plug pre-heat indicator turns off, turn the key to
start, then release the key as soon as the engine starts. The glow
plugs may remain on for a period of time after engine start. If the
engine is not started before the glow plug activation time ends, the
glow plugs will need to be reset by turning the key to off.
3. After the engine starts, allow it to idle for about 15 seconds. This is
to protect the engine. Do not increase engine speed until the oil
pressure gauge indicates normal pressure.
ENGINE IDLE SHUTDOWN (IF EQUIPPED)
Your vehicle may be equipped with an engine idle shutdown system. This
system automatically shuts down your engine when it has been idling in
P (Park) or N (Neutral) for five minutes (parking brake set) or
15 minutes (parking brake not set). When the engine idle shutdown
process has started:
• A chime sounds and the information display will show ENGINE
TURNS OFF IN 30 (seconds) and start counting down.
• The 5 or 15 minute timer can be restarted by changing the position
of the accelerator pedal, brake pedal or the park brake within the
final 30 seconds.
• When the timer reaches zero, the engine shuts down and this
message will appear in the information display ENGINE TURNED
OFF.
• One minute after the engine has shut down, the electrical system
simulates key off, even though the ignition is still in the on position,
initiating normal accessory delay period.
• The ignition must be moved to the off position to reset the system
before restarting the vehicle.
The engine idle shutdown idle timer does not start if:
• The engine is operating in power take-off (PTO) mode.
• The engine coolant temperature is below 60°F (16°C).
• The exhaust emission control device (DPF) is regenerating.
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Starting and Stopping the Engine
STOPPING THE ENGINE
Turn the ignition to the off position.
To prolong engine life (especially after extended high speed, high
ambient temperature, or high GVW/GCW operation, such as heavy loads
and/or heavy trailers), it is recommended that a hot engine be idled for
3-5 minutes. This allows the turbocharged engine to cool down. For more
information on GVW/GCW, see the Load Carrying chapter in your
Owner’s Manual.
COLD WEATHER OPERATION
Note: Idling in cold weather does not heat the engine to its normal
operating temperature. Long periods of idling, especially in cold weather,
can cause a buildup of deposits which can cause engine damage.
Changing to a lighter grade engine oil also makes starting easier under
these conditions. Refer to Engine oil specifications in the Maintenance
chapter of this supplement.
Diesel fuel is adjusted seasonally for cold temperatures. Diesel fuel which
has not been properly formulated for the ambient conditions may gel
which can clog the fuel filters. One indication that the fuel filter(s) may
be clogged is if the engine starts, stalls after a short time, and then does
not restart. If you have been using biodiesel, you may need to use a fuel
with lower biodiesel content, try another brand, or discontinue using
biodiesel. Do not use alcohol based additives to correct fuel gelling. This
may result in damage to the fuel injectors/system. Use the proper
anti-gel & performance improver product as listed in the Technical
Specifications section in the Capacities and Specifications chapter.
Your vehicle is equipped with a diesel fuel conditioner module (DFCM)
which recirculates fuel from the engine to help prevent fuel filter
clogging. To avoid engine fuel starvation during cold weather operation
of 32°F (0°C) or below, it is recommended that the fuel level in your
tank should not be allowed to drop below
from entering the fuel system and stalling the engine.
Your vehicle is equipped with a an SCR system which uses diesel exhaust
fluid (DEF) to operate properly. DEF must be replenished at certain
intervals. When filling the vehicle’s DEF tank in cold weather, special
care must be taken to prevent damage to the DEF tank. For proper cold
weather fill procedure, see Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR) System
in the Fuel and Refueling chapter.
1
⁄4full. This helps prevent air
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Starting and Stopping the Engine
In cold weather below 32°F (0°C), the engine may slowly increase to a
higher idle speed if left idling in P (Park). As the engine warms-up, the
engine sound level decreases due to the activation of PCM-controlled
sound reduction features.
If your vehicle is operated in a heavy snow storm or blowing snow
conditions, the engine air induction may become partially clogged with
snow and/or ice. If this occurs, the engine may experience a significant
reduction in power output. At the earliest opportunity, clear all the snow
and/or ice away from inside the air filter assembly. Remove the air
cleaner cover and the pleated paper filter, leaving the foam filter in and
remove any snow or ice. Make sure the foam filter is installed correctly
in place. Remove any debris, snow and/or ice on the foam filter by
brushing the surface with soft brush. Do not use water, solvents, or a
hard brush for cleaning the foam filter.
In order to operate the engine in temperatures of 32°F (0°C) or lower,
read the following instructions:
• Make sure that the batteries are of sufficient size and are fully
charged. Check other electrical components to make sure they are in
optimum condition.
• Use the proper coolant solution at the concentration recommended to
protect the engine against damage from freezing.
• Try to keep the fuel tank full as much as possible at the end of
operation to prevent condensation in the fuel system.
• Make sure you use proper cold weather engine oil and that it is at its
proper level. Also, if necessary, make sure to follow the engine oil and
filter change schedule found under the Special operating conditions
section listed in the scheduled maintenance information.
• At temperatures of -10°F (-23°C) or below, it is recommended that
you use an engine block heater to improve cold engine starting.
• If operating in arctic temperatures of -20°F (-29°C) or lower, consult
your truck dealer for information about special cold weather
equipment and precautions.
The following cold weather idling guidelines are recommended:
• Motorcraft® cetane improvers or non-alcohol-based cetane improvers
from a reputable manufacturer may be used as needed.
• Maintain the engine cooling system properly.
• Avoid shutting the engine down after an extensive idling period. Drive
the vehicle for several miles with the engine at normal operating
temperatures under a moderate load.
• Consider using an engine block heater.
• For extended idle times use an approved idle speed increase device.
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Starting and Stopping the Engine
Winter Operating Tips for Arctic Operation -20°F (-29°C) and Below
The following information is provided as a guideline only, and is not
intended to be the only source of possible solutions in resolving extreme
cold temperature issues.
Starting Aids:
WARNING: Do not use starting fluid, such as ether, in the air
intake system (see air filter decal). Such fluid could cause
immediate explosive damage to the engine and possible personal injury.
The use of the factory engine block heater assists in engine starting in
extreme cold ambient temperatures. Refer to Engine block heater in the
Starting and Stopping the Engine chapter of your Owner’s Manual.
Idle Control:
• Your vehicle may have a factory option for a stationary elevated idle
control (SEIC) through dash-mounted upfitter switches which allows
the operator to elevate the idle rpm for extended idle periods, as well
as aftermarket equipment such as PTO operation. This feature must
be configured even if ordered from the factory. See your authorized
dealer for required upfitting.
Operation in Snow and Rain
Vehicle operation in heavy snowfall or extreme rain conditions may feed
excessive amounts of snow/water into the air intake system. This could
plug/soak the air filter with snow and may cause the engine to lose
power and possibly shut down.
The following actions are recommended after operating the vehicle up to
200 miles (320 kilometers) in snowfall or extreme rain:
• Snow: At the earliest opportunity, open the hood and clear all the
snow and ice from the air filter housing inlet (do not remove the
foam filter) and reset the air filter restriction gauge. Note: Removal
of the foam filter degrades vehicle performance during snow and hot
weather conditions.
• Extreme rain: The air filter dries after about 15–30 minutes at
highway speeds. At the earliest opportunity, open the hood and reset
the air filter restriction gauge.
Refer to Air filter and restriction gauge in the Maintenance chapter of
this supplement for more information.
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Starting and Stopping the Engine
Operation in Standing Water
Ingestion of water into the diesel engine can result in immediate and
severe damage to the engine. If driving through water, slow down to
avoid splashing water into the intake. If the engine stalls, and ingestion
of water into the engine is suspected, do not try to restart the engine.
Consult your dealer for service immediately.
The fuel tank is vented to atmosphere by valves on top of the tank and
through the fuel cap. If water reaches this level water may be pulled into
the fuel tank. Water in the fuel can cause performance issues and
damage the fuel injection system.
Engine Block Heater (If Equipped)
Refer to the Starting and Stopping the Engine chapter in your
Owner’s Manual.
Rapid Heat Supplemental Heating System (If Equipped)
Note: Additional aftermarket electrical loads operated during engine
warm up may impact the performance of the rapid heat supplemental
heater.
The optional rapid heat feature is an electrically powered device that is
designed to provide supplemental heat during engine warm up. For
maximum effectiveness mid to low blower speed is recommended during
initial warm up. When operating in automatic mode (when equipped) the
climate control unit determines the appropriate blower speed for existing
conditions.
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Fuel and Refueling
FUEL REQUIREMENTS - CHOOSING THE RIGHT FUEL: VEHICLES
OPERATED WHERE ULTRA LOW SULFUR DIESEL FUEL IS
REQUIRED (UNITED STATES/CANADA/PUERTO RICO/U.S. VIRGIN
ISLANDS AND OTHER LOCALES)
Note: Damage caused by using the improper type of fuel or fuel additive
is not covered under your warranty.
Note: Do not blend used engine oil with diesel fuel under any
circumstances. Blending used oil with the fuel will significantly increase
your vehicle’s exhaust emissions and reduce engine life due to increased
internal wear.
Ultra-Low Sulfur Diesel fuel (also known as ULSD) designated as number
1-D or 2-D with a maximum of 15 ppm sulfur should be used in your
diesel vehicle. This vehicle may be operated on diesel fuels containing up
to 20% biodiesel, also known as B20. These fuels should meet either the
ASTM D975 diesel or the ASTM D7467 B6-B20 biodiesel industry
specifications should be used. Outside of North America, use fuels
meeting EN590 or equivalent local market standard.
Using low sulfur diesel fuel
(16-500 ppm) or high sulfur diesel
fuel (greater than 500 ppm) in the
6.7L diesel engine will cause certain emission components to malfunction
which may also cause the service engine soon light to illuminate
indicating an emissions-related concern.
Diesel fuel is adjusted seasonally for cold temperature. For best results at
temperatures below 20°F (-7°C), it is recommended to use a diesel fuel
which has been seasonally adjusted for the ambient conditions. See Cold
weather operation in the Fuel and Refueling chapter of this supplement.
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Fuel and Refueling
FUEL REQUIREMENTS - CHOOSING THE RIGHT FUEL: VEHICLES OPERATED WHERE ULTRA LOW SULFUR DIESEL FUEL IS NOT REQUIRED
For the engine to operate reliably on low-sulfur or high-sulfur diesel fuel,
the engine must be a factory built high-sulfur engine (available as a
dealer order option for select markets) or a ULSD (ultra low sulfur
diesel) fuel configured engine that has been retrofitted for high-sulfur
diesel fuel using Ford Motor Company dealer service parts. Failure to use
retrofit components other than those available through your authorized
dealer will result in engine coolant system damage, engine overheating,
SCR and/or DPF damage and possible base engine damage.
Use only a diesel engine that has been configured for use with high
sulfur diesel fuel in markets with diesel fuel that has sulfur content
greater than 15 ppm. Using low sulfur diesel fuel (16–500 ppm) or
high sulfur diesel fuel (greater than 500 ppm) in a diesel engine
designed to use only Ultra Low Sulfur Diesel fuel may result in
damage to engine emission control devices and the aftertreatment
system, potentially rendering the vehicle inoperable.
Vehicles with engines configured for use with high sulfur diesel fuel will
only be made available for sale in countries where ULSD fuel is generally
not available or mandated by the government. Vehicles originally sold in
a ULSD fuel market that are subsequently exported to non-ULSD fuel
markets will need to be retrofitted (at the customer’s expense using Ford
authorized dealer service parts) in order to be reliably operated on
non-ULSD fuel.
BIODIESEL
WARNING: Do not use home heating oil, agricultural fuel, raw
fats and oils, waste cooking greases, biodiesel fuels greater than
20% or any diesel fuel not intended for highway use. Damage to the
fuel injection system, engine and exhaust catalyst can occur if an
improper fuel is used. Do not add gasoline, gasohol or alcohol to diesel
fuel. This practice creates a serious fire hazard and engine
performance problems.
This vehicle may be operated on diesel fuels containing up to 20%
biodiesel, also known as B20.
Biodiesel fuel is a product that has been chemically converted from
renewable fuel sources, such as vegetable oils, animal fats and waste
cooking greases.
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Fuel and Refueling
To help achieve acceptable engine performance and durability when
using biodiesel in your vehicle:
• Confirm the biodiesel content of the fuel to be B20 (20% biodiesel) or
less.
• Only use biodiesel fuel of good quality that complies with industry
standards.
• Follow the recommended service maintenance intervals section in the
Schedule Maintenance chapter.
• Do not store biodiesel fuel in the fuel tank for more than 1 month.
• Consider changing brands or reducing biodiesel content if you have
cold temperature fuel gelling issues or a frequent LOW FUEL
PRESSURE message appearing.
• Do NOT use raw oils, fats or waste cooking greases.
Use of biodiesel in concentrations greater than 20% may cause damage
to your vehicle, including engine and/or exhaust after-treatment
hardware (exhaust catalyst and particulate filter) failures. Concentrations
greater than 20% can also cause fuel filter restrictions that may result in
a lack of power and / or damage to fuel system components, including
fuel pump and fuel injector failures.
SAE 5W-40 or SAE 15W-40 oil is recommended for fuels with greater than
5% biodiesel (B5). Refer to the Special operating conditions section
under the Schedule Maintenance chapter for more information about oil
change intervals and other maintenance when operating on biodiesel.
Look for a label on the fuel pump to confirm the amount of biodiesel
contained in a diesel fuel. Biodiesel content is often indicated with the
letter “B” followed by the percent of biodiesel in the fuel. For example,
B20 indicates a fuel containing 20% biodiesel. Ask the service station
attendant to confirm the biodiesel content of a diesel fuel if you do not
see a label on the fuel pump.
Biodiesel fuels degrade more easily than diesel fuels not containing
biodiesel and should not be stored in the fuel tank for more than 1 month.
If your vehicle will be parked or stored for more than 1 month, then your
vehicle fuel tank should be emptied of biodiesel fuel, filled with a pure
petroleum-based diesel fuel, and run for a minimum of 30 minutes.
Note: Degraded or oxidized biodiesel can damage fuel system seals and
plastics and corrode steel parts.
During cold weather, if you have problems operating on biodiesel, you
may need to use a diesel fuel with lower biodiesel content, try another
brand, or discontinue the use of biodiesel.
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Fuel and Refueling
DIESEL FUEL ADDITIVES
It should not be necessary to add any aftermarket additives to your fuel
tank if you use a properly formulated diesel fuel. Aftermarket additives
can damage the injector system or engine.
Use Motorcraft® cetane booster or an equivalent cetane booster additive
if you suspect fuel has low cetane. Use Motorcraft® anti-gel &
performance improver or an equivalent additive if there is fuel gelling.
Do not use alcohol based additives to improve cetane quality, to prevent
fuel gelling or any other use. The use of alcohol additives may result in
damage to the fuel injectors/system. refer to the Technical
specifications section in the Capacities and Specifications chapter for
more information.
Repairs to correct the effects of using an aftermarket product that does
not meet Ford specifications in your fuel may not be covered by your
warranty.
Note: Ultra Low Sulfur Diesel fuel is designed to meet the emissions
standards for the 6.7L engine and is backward compatible as well (i.e.,
can be used in Ford 7.3L, 6.9L, 6.4L and 6.0L diesel engines in Ford
vehicles).
FUELING TIPS
WARNING: Do not use starting fluid such as ether or gasoline
in the diesel air intake system. Such fluids can cause immediate
explosive damage to the engine and possible personal injury.
Truck stops have pumps and nozzles designed for larger, heavy-duty
trucks. When refueling at truck stops: if the nozzle shuts off repeatedly
when refueling, wait 5–10 seconds; then use a slower rate of flow (don’t
depress the nozzle trigger as far).
If air is allowed to enter the fuel system (during fuel filter change or if
you run out of fuel) the engine will purge the trapped air as it runs. To
purge the air sooner: prior to engine start, prime the system by turning
the key to on for 30 seconds then to off. Repeat this several times. The
engine may run rough and produce white smoke while air is in the
system. This is normal and should correct itself in a short time.
An engine that suddenly becomes noisy or operates poorly after a fuel fill
could be using substandard fuel (i.e., high water content, low cetane
rating or gasoline in the fuel). Diesel fuel should be purchased from a
reputable station which sells a large amount of diesel fuel.
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2013 Diesel (67l)
Supplement, 1st Printing
USA (fus)
Fuel and Refueling
Care should be taken whenever diesel fuel is stored. Use only clean,
approved containers which will prevent the entry of dirt or water.
Diesel fuel must not be stored in a galvanized container. The fuel will
dissolve the zinc in a galvanized container. The zinc will then remain in
the solution until it is run through the engine where it will be deposited
in the fuel injectors causing expensive-to-repair damage.
Diesel fuel dispensing nozzle fill rate
This truck is equipped with a fuel fill pipe which is able to accept fuel up
to 20 gallons per minute from a 1
at greater flow rates may result in premature nozzle shut-off or spitback.
Fuel filler cap
WARNING: The fuel system may be under pressure. If the fuel
filler cap is venting vapor or if you hear a hissing sound, wait
until it stops before completely removing the fuel filler cap. Otherwise,
fuel may spray out and injure you or others.
WARNING: If you do not use the proper fuel filler cap,
excessive pressure or vacuum in the fuel tank may damage the
fuel system or cause the fuel cap to disengage in a collision, which may
result in possible personal injury.
Note: If you must replace the fuel filler cap, replace it with a fuel filler
cap that is designed for your vehicle. The vehicle warranty may be void
for any damage to the fuel tank or fuel system if the correct genuine
Ford or Motorcraft® fuel filler cap is not used.
Your fuel tank filler cap has an indexed design with a 1/4 turn on/off feature.
When fueling your vehicle:
1. Turn the engine off.
2. Carefully turn the filler cap counterclockwise until it spins off.
3. Pull to remove the cap from the fuel filler pipe.
4. To install the cap, align the tabs on the cap with the notches on the
filler pipe.
5. Turn the filler cap clockwise 1/4 of a turn until it clicks at least once.
1
⁄8fuel dispensing nozzle. Pumping fuel
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2013 Diesel (67l)
Supplement, 1st Printing
USA (fus)
Fuel and Refueling
SELECTIVE CATALYTIC REDUCTION (SCR) SYSTEM
Your vehicle is equipped with a selective catalytic reduction (SCR)
system to help reduce emission levels of oxides of nitrogen from the
exhaust of the diesel engine. The system automatically injects diesel
exhaust fluid (DEF) into the exhaust system to enable proper SCR
function.
Importance of maintaining the DEF level
In order for the SCR system to operate properly, the DEF level must be
maintained. Generally, the DEF tank should be filled during the oil
change service interval. See the scheduled maintenance information in
this supplement for more information. However, certain conditions or
driving styles, such as trailer towing or fast rates of acceleration, will
require the refilling of the DEF tank more often.
The engine control unit will monitor the amount of fluid available in the
DEF tank. Running a system check in the message center will indicate
whether the DEF level is ok or if it is less than 1/2 full. A message will
automatically be displayed in the message center when the DEF level is
low and needs to be refilled. When you see this message you should refill
your tank. See the Information displays chapter of your Owner’s
Manual for information display functions. For instructions on refilling
your DEF tank, see Filling the DEF tank in the Fuel and Refueling
chapter.
DEF warning messages and vehicle operations
WARNING: Diesel Exhaust Fluid (DEF) must be refilled when
low or replaced when contaminated or the vehicle speed will be
speed limited to 50 mph (80 km/h). In these conditions, drive with
caution and refill DEF immediately. If the DEF becomes empty or
contaminated fluid is not replaced, the vehicle will become limited to
idle speed only once stopped. In these conditions, be cautious where
you stop the vehicle because you may not be able to drive long
distances and will not be able to maintain highway speeds until DEF is
refilled or replaced.
WARNING: Tampering or disabling your vehicle’s exhaust
aftertreatment system will result in severe vehicle performance
limitation including eventual speed limiting to 5 mph.
2013 Diesel (67l)
Supplement, 1st Printing
USA (fus)
19
Fuel and Refueling
Your vehicle’s message center will display a series of messages regarding
the amount of DEF available. A systems check will display messages
indicating the amount of DEF available (OK or under1⁄2full) or will
produce a warning message that displays the mileage (kilometers)
remaining as the fluid in the DEF tank nears empty. For more
information on warning messages, see the Information Displays chapter
of your Owner’s Manual.
As the DEF level nears empty, the
DEF warning symbol will be
displayed and chimes will sound
with the messages starting at 500 miles (805 km) remaining before DEF
is depleted. The warning symbol and messages will continue until the
DEF tank is refilled.
Continued driving without refilling will result in the following actions as
required by the California Air Resources Board (CARB) and /or U.S.
Environmental Protection Agency (EPA):
• Within a certain number of miles (kilometers) to empty, speed will be
limited upon vehicle restart. Prior to this occurring a message will
appear in the message center.
• Further vehicle operation without refilling your DEF tank will cause
the engine to enter an idle-only condition. This will only occur upon
vehicle refueling or extended idle and will be indicated by a message
in the message center indicating required actions to resume normal
operation. It is required to add a minimum of 0.5 gallons (1.9L) of
DEF to the tank to exit the idle-only condition, but the vehicle will
still be in the speed limiting mode until the tank is refilled completely.
For either vehicle speed limiting or idle-only condition, normal vehicle
operation will resume when the DEF tank is refilled.
Note: When filling the DEF tank from empty, there may be a short delay
before detecting the increased level of DEF. This must occur before full
power is returned.
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2013 Diesel (67l)
Supplement, 1st Printing
USA (fus)
Fuel and Refueling
Vehicle Actions
Customer
Requested
Actions
Distance/Exhaust Fluid
Level or Action
Drive normally None
full
2
⁄
1
Exhaust fluid tank below
Full
2
⁄
1
Refill exhaust fluid None
Approximately 500 miles
(805 km) left before
exhaust fluid tank is empty
Approximately 99 Miles
Refill exhaust fluid None
(159 km) left before
exhaust fluid tank is empty
Refill exhaust fluid None
0 Miles (0 km) – exhaust
fluid tank is empty
Speed is limited
to 50 MPH.
Refill exhaust fluid
Vehicle restarted with
exhaust fluid tank empty
(80 km/h)
This occurs 200 Miles
Refill exhaust fluid —
(322 km) after the vehicle
reaches the 0 mile (0 km)
exhaust fluid range
center messages shown, base message center messages similar)
Low DEF Warnings and Actions — Instrument Cluster Messages (Optional message
Cluster Message
Exhaust Fluid Level OK Full exhaust fluid tank Drive normally None
Exhaust Fluid Under
Exhaust Fluid Range
2013 Diesel (67l)
Supplement, 1st Printing
USA (fus)
500 miles (805 km)
In 99 Miles (159 km) Speed
Limited to 50 MPH
(80 km/h) Exhaust Fluid
Empty
Speed Limited to 50 MPH
(80 km/h) Upon Restart
Exhaust Fluid Empty
Speed Limited To 50 MPH
(80 km/h) Exhaust Fluid
Empty
Engine Idled Soon Exhaust
Fluid Empty
21
Fuel and Refueling
Vehicle Actions
Customer
Requested
Actions
Distance/Exhaust Fluid
Level or Action
This occurs when the
exhaust fluid is empty and:
• The vehicle’s diesel fuel
Engine is limited
Refill exhaust fluid
tank is refueled or,
• the engine is shut off for
to idle ONLY
10 minutes or,
• the engine is idling with
the parking brake engaged
for 60 minutes.
center messages shown, base message center messages similar)
Low DEF Warnings and Actions — Instrument Cluster Messages (Optional message
Cluster Message
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2013 Diesel (67l)
Supplement, 1st Printing
USA (fus)
Engine Idled-See Owner’s
Manual Exhaust Fluid Empty
Fuel and Refueling
Filling the DEF tank
WARNING: Make sure that DEF does not come into contact
with eyes, skin or clothing. Should DEF contact your eyes, flush
them with plenty of water and contact a physician. Clean affected skin
with soap and water. If DEF is swallowed, drink plenty of water and
contact a physician immediately.
WARNING: Refill DEF in a well-ventilated area. When opening
the cap on the DEF tank or bottle containing DEF, ammonia
vapors may escape. The vapors can be irritating to skin, eyes and
mucous membranes. Inhaling ammonia vapors can cause burning to the
eyes, throat and nose and cause coughing and watery eyes.
Note: Do not put DEF in the fuel tank. This can cause engine damage
not covered by your vehicle’s warranty.
Note: Immediately wipe away any DEF that has spilled on painted
surfaces with water and a damp cloth to prevent damage to the paint.
Your vehicle is equipped with a DEF tank with a blue-capped filler port
located next to the diesel fuel fill inlet. The tank can be filled using a
nozzle at a DEF filling station (similar to fuel fill) or using a DEF bottle
with a spout. Motorcraft® DEF bottles are recommended as they are
designed to be spill proof and will stop the flow of DEF when the tank is
full. Other aftermarket bottles can be used, but they should have a seal
on the spout and an internal vent tube to achieve best fill performance
and prevent overfilling. Overfilling your DEF tank can cause damage to
the tank. For DEF capacity, see the Capacities and Specifications
chapter.
You can purchase DEF at your authorized dealer, most highway truck
stops or you can contact roadside assistance for help in finding a retailer
that sells DEF. See the Customer Assistance chapter in the Owner’s
Manual for more information. In addition, there is a government website
locator for DEF at the following web address that can be used to find the
nearest location to purchase DEF: http://www.afdc.energy.gov/afdc/
locator/def.
2013 Diesel (67l)
Supplement, 1st Printing
USA (fus)
23
Fuel and Refueling
Use only DEF certified by the
American Petroleum Institute (API)
such as Motorcraft® DEF or
equivalent meeting Ford
specification WSS-M99C130-A
and/or ISO 22241. Look for API
certification trademark shown here.
Repairs resulting from the use of
non-certified DEF products will not be covered by your vehicle’s
warranty.
Maintaining the purity of DEF is important to avoid malfunctions in the
SCR system.
If DEF is removed from the tank for repair work, etc., the same DEF
must not be used to refill the tank as its purity is no longer guaranteed.
To fill the DEF tank, see your authorized dealer or do the following
(before filling the DEF tank in cold climates, see Filling the DEF tank
in cold climates later in this section):
• DEF bottle fill with spout:
The following procedure applies to Motorcraft® DEF or similar DEF
bottles; for other brands or bottle types, refer to the instructions on the
bottle label.
1. Remove the cap from the DEF container. Remove the spout from the
bottle and insert the straw end into the bottle. Ensure that the arrow
above the nut is aligned with the bottle handle and the small tube end
extends into the far corner of the bottle. Twist the spout nut on the
container until it is tight.
2. Open the DEF filler port on the
vehicle by turning the blue cap
counterclockwise. Do not put DEF
in the fuel tank. This can cause
engine damage not covered by
your vehicle’s warranty.
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2013 Diesel (67l)
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3. Lift and hold the DEF container,
without tipping, and insert the spout
into the DEF filler port until the
small black seal on the spout is
completely seated into the DEF
filler port.
4A. While filling, the fluid level in
the bottle will continually drop.
4B. When the DEF tank is full, the
fluid level in the bottle will stop
dropping, indicating the fluid has
stopped flowing.
Fuel and Refueling
2013 Diesel (67l)
Supplement, 1st Printing
USA (fus)
25
Fuel and Refueling
5. Once the level in the DEF bottle
has stopped dropping, return the
container to the vertical position
slightly below the DEF filler port
and let any DEF drain out of the
spout. DO NOT try to continue to
add DEF to the tank by shaking or
repositioning the container to
induce flow. This may cause spilling
and overfill the tank. Overfilling the
DEF tank can cause damage to the
tank.
6. Once the spout has drained, remove the spout from the DEF filler
port and install the blue cap on the DEF filler port.
7. Remove the spout from the DEF container and install the cap back on
the bottle.
8. If the container is empty, discard the empty container, or recycle if
possible. If there is DEF left in the container, retain it for later use. The
spout is re-useable; after use, rinse it with clean water and store the
spout to ensure it is kept clean. Do not use the DEF spout with any
other chemicals.
9. Wipe away any DEF that has spilled on painted surfaces with water
and a damp cloth.
• DEF filling station nozzle fill:
Filling the DEF tank using a nozzle is similar to a normal fuel fill. The
nozzle will shut off automatically when the tank is full. Do not continue
to fill the tank as this may cause spilling and overfill the tank which can
cause damage.
Note: Some filling station nozzles may prevent filling of your DEF tank
due to a magnetic mechanism in the nozzle. This is not a problem with
your vehicle. To refill your tank either locate another filling station or
use a bottle to refill the tank.
Filling the DEF tank in cold climates
DEF will freeze below 12°F (-11°C); however, your vehicle is equipped
with an automatic preheating system which allows the DEF system to
operate below 12°F (-11°C). When the vehicle is not in operation for an
extended period of time with temperatures at or below 12°F (-11°C), the
DEF tank could freeze. If the tank is OVERFILLED and freezes, it could
be damaged, therefore DO NOT OVERFILL.
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2013 Diesel (67l)
Supplement, 1st Printing
USA (fus)
Fuel and Refueling
To prevent overfilling of the DEF tank when filling with a bottle, Ford
recommends using Motorcraft® DEF. Additionally, if the information
display indicates EXHAUST FLUID UNDER 1/2 FULL, you should only
add a MAXIMUM of 2 gallons (6.7L) of DEF to the tank to prevent
freeze damage due to overfilling. If the information display indicates
EXHAUST FLUID LEVEL OK, do not add DEF.
Contaminated DEF or inoperative SCR system
SCR systems are sensitive to
contamination of the DEF. USE
ONLY API or ISO 22241 CERTIFIED
DIESEL EXHAUST FLUID. If the SCR becomes contaminated or
inoperative, the DEF light will illuminate and exhaust fluid system fault
messages will appear in the information display.
Continued driving without replacing DEF or having the SCR system
repaired will result in the following actions as required by the California
Air Resources Board (CARB) and /or U.S. Environmental Protection
Agency (EPA):
• Within a certain number of miles (kilometers) to empty, speed will be
limited upon restart. Prior to this occurring a message will appear in
the message center.
•
Further vehicle operation without replacing contaminated DEF will cause
the engine to enter an idle-only condition. This will only occur upon
vehicle refueling, vehicle idling in park for 1 hour, or engine shutdown for
10 minutes or more and will be indicated by a message in the message
center indicating required actions to resume normal operation.
For either vehicle speed limiting or idle-only condition, normal vehicle
operation will resume when the contaminated system is repaired. To
service a contaminated or inoperative system, see your
authorized dealer.
DEF guidelines and information
• Use only DEF that carries the trademark: American Petroleum
Institute (API) certified DEF or ISO 22241.
• Do not put DEF in the diesel fuel tank.
• Do not overfill the DEF tank.
• Do not re-use the DEF container once it is emptied.
Avoid spilling DEF on painted surfaces, carpeting or plastic components.
•
Immediately wipe away any DEF that has spilled with a damp cloth and
water. If it has already crystallized, use warm water and a sponge.
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2013 Diesel (67l)
Supplement, 1st Printing
USA (fus)
Fuel and Refueling
• Store DEF out of direct sunlight and in temperatures between 23°F
(-5°C) — 68°F (20°C).
• DEF will freeze below 12°F (-11°C).
• Do not store DEF bottle in vehicle. If it leaks it could cause damage to
interior components or release an ammonia odor inside the vehicle.
• DEF is non-flammable, non-toxic, colorless and water-soluble liquid.
• Do not dilute DEF with water or any other liquid.
• An ammonia odor may be smelled when the cap is removed or during
refill. Refill DEF in a well ventilated area.
Typical Diesel Exhaust Fluid (DEF) Usage
The charts below illustrate approximate DEF usage for the given
distances traveled under various driving conditions and when using the
PTO. Your usage may vary depending on: driving style, trailer towing,
loaded vehicle weight, weather, idle time, PTO usage, etc.
Pick-up (3.31 axle ratio)
Driving
style
DEF
usage
Trailer towing /
aggressive or city
driving
4100 miles
(6598 km) –
7100 miles
(11426 km)
Normal driving
7100 miles
(11426 km) –
9600 miles
(15450 km)
Steady highway
driving
9600 miles
(15450 km) –
10000 miles
(16093 km) +
Driving
style
DEF
usage
28
Trailer towing /
aggressive or city
driving
2800 miles
(4506 km) –
5800 miles
(9334 km)
2013 Diesel (67l)
Supplement, 1st Printing
USA (fus)
Pick-up (3.55 axle ratio)
Normal driving
5800 miles
(9334 km) –
8100 miles
(13036 km)
Steady highway
driving
8100 miles
(13036 km) –
9700 miles
(15611 km)
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