Apex 286-12
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TECH-1234
12MHz 286™ SYSTEM
U
ser’s
Manual
TECH-1234
Personal Computer
User’s Manual
Edition 1.2
The following does not apply to any country where such provisions are inconsistent
with local law:
We make no warranties with respect to this documentation either express or implied
and provides it “as is”. This includes but is not limited to any implied warranties of
merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose. The information in this document
is subject to change without notice. We assumes no responsibility for any errors that
may appear in this document.
IBM PC, IBM PC/XT and IBM PC/AT are registered trademarks of International
Business Machines Corporation. MS-DOS is a registered trademark of Microsoft
Corporation. Intel is a registered trademark of Intel Corporation. The typeface used
in the text of this manual is Helvetica and is used under licence from the Allied
Corporation, the owner of the typeface.
All other brand names are registered trademarks of their respective companies,
The TECH-l234, this manual and all illustrations in it are copyrighted with all rights
reserved. Under the copyright laws, the TECH-1234, this manual, and the illustrations, may not be copied without the written consent of Datatech Enterprises Co., Ltd.
Documentation design and writing by: Echo Chen, Patty Lee, Hazel Chen, and Alan
Patterson.
©
1991 Datatech Enterprises Co., Ltd.
Federal Communications Commission (FCC) Statement
Radio Frequency Interference Statement
This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a
Class B digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits
are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference
in a residential installation.
This equipment generates, uses and can
radiate radio frequency energy and if not installed and used in accordance
with the instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a
particular installation. if this equipment does cause harmful interference to
radio or television reception, which can be determined by turning the
equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the inter-
ference by one or more of the following measures:
•
Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna.
•
Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver.
•
Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from
that to which the receiver is connected.
•
Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for
help.
Any special accessories needed for compliance must be specified in the
instruction manual.
Warning: A shielded-type power cord is required in order to meet FCC
emission limits and also to prevent interference to nearby radio and
television reception. it is essential that only the attached power cord be
used.
Use only shielded cables to connect I/O devices to this computer.
You are cautioned that changes or modifications not expressly approved by
the party responsible for compliance could void your authority to operate
the equipment.
This digital apparatus does not exceed the Class B limits for radio noise
emissions from digital apparatus as set out in the radio interference regulations of the Canadian Department of Communication.
Le Présent appareil numérique n’emet pas de bruits radioélectriques
dépassant les limites applicables aux appareils numeriques de Class B
preescrites dans le reglement sur le brouiliage radioélectrique édicté parle
Ministère des Communications du Canada.
Warning
Reconfiguring
• To keep the computer from being damaged, NEVER recon-
figure the board while the power is ON.
If you wish to reconfigure the computer at any time, ensure that
•
the power is turned OFF before changing any hardware settings, such as DIP switches or jumpers.
III
Chapter 1
SYSTEM OVERVIEW
Contents
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1
1-1 Introduction
Operating System
1-2 Quick Start
1-3 Features
1-4 Specifications
1-5 Example of a System Configuration
1-6 System Unit
1-7 Control Panel . . . .
Reset
Turbo
Indicator Lights . .
Keyboard Lock . . . .
System Power Switch
1-8 Rear Panel . . . . . . . . . .
Keyboard Connector .
Power Cord Connector . .
Display Port . . . . . . .
Power Voltage Setting . .
1-9 Other Peripherals
1-10 Disk Drives
Floppy Disks
Hard Disks
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1-11 Keyboard
1-12 Maintaining Your Equipment
IV
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Chapter 2
SETTING UPYOUR SYSTEM............................1
2-1 Motherboard
80286CPU
Math Coprocessor
Chipsor RAM Modules Insertion
Jumper
On board System Memory Size
ROM BlOS Chips
2-2 Installation
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2-3 Connecting to the Power Supply
Chapter 3
Operating Your System
3-1 An Introduction to DOS
Loading DOS
System Messages
3-2 DOS Operations
Starting MS-DOS
Formatting Disks
Backing up Your Diskettes and Files
Deleting Your Diskettes and Files
Finding Out What is on Your Disk
3-3 Hard Disk Drive Format
Step
1 —
Step 2 — Partition
Step 3 — Format
3-4 Helpful Hints
3-5 System Setup Program
Entering the Setup Program
Running the Setup Program
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Preformat
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V
Chapter 4
KEYBOARD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
4-1 Keyboard Layout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
4-2
Getting Acquainted with Your Keyboard
Function Keys
Numeric Keypad
Mode Indicator Lights
Special Keys
QWERTY keys
Cursor Keys
Key Combinations
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4-3 Keyboard Tilt Adjustment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Chapter 5
TROUBLESHOOTING
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1
5-1 Command Problems
5-2 System Error Messages
Examples of System Error Messages
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5-3 System BIOS Error Messages
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5
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2
4
6
VI
Chapter 6
APPENDIX
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1
6-1 Installing Disk Drives
Step 1: Fastening Disk Drives
Step 2: Connecting Cables
6-2 Entering 12MHz Turbo Mode
Entering 12 MHz Turbo Mode
SoftwareTurboSwitch
Hardware Turbo Switch
Alternate Use of Both Switches
6-3 Software
Shadow RAM Enable
EMS Driver Setup
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6-4 Quick Reference for Jumper Settings
6-5 Moving Your Computer and Peripherals
Short Move
Long Move
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6-6 Technical Information
Microprocessor
Protected Virtual Address Mode
Real Address Mode
System Timers
System Interrupts
ROM Subsystem
RAM Subsystem
Direct Memory Access
DMA Channel
I/O Channel Slots
Math Coprocessor Control
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Chapter 7
GLOSSARY
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
VII
Chapter 1
SYSTEM OVERVIEW
List of Figures
Figure 1-1: Quick Start
Figure 1-2: System Configuration
Figure 1-3: System Unit Case
Figure 1-4: Front Panel
Figure 1-5: Keylock and Two Security-Lock Keys
Figure 1-6: ON/OFF Switch in OFF Position
Figure 1-7: Rear Panel
Figure 1-8: Connecting the Keyboard Cable
Figure 1-9: System Power Cord
Figure 1-10: Two Kinds of Display Connectors
Figure 1-11: Voltage Switch
Figure 1-12: System Unit Connected to Peripherals
Figure 1-13: Installing Floppy and Hard Disk Drives
Figure 1-14: Copy Protection for a 3.5” Floppy Disk
Figure 1-15: Copy Protection for a 5.25” Floppy Disk
Figure 1-16: Keyboard
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VIII
Chapter 2
SETTING UP YOUR SYSTEM
Figure 2-1: Motherboard Layout
Figure 2-2: The Location of 80286 CPU
Figure 2-3: The Location of 80287
Figure 2-4: Chip Insertion
Figure 2-5: RAM Module Insertion
Figure 2-6: An Example of Three-Pin Jumper Setting
Figure 2-7: RAM Banks
Figure 2-8: 512KB Total Onboard System Memory
Figure 2-9: 640KB Total Onboard System Memory
Figure 2-10: 1 MB Total Onboard System Memory
Figure 2-11: 1.5MB Total Onboard System Memory
Figure 2-12: 2MB Total Onboard System Memory (A)
Figure 2-13: 2MB Total Onboard System Memory (B) .
Figure 2-14: 3MB Total Onboard System Memory
Figure 2-15: 4MB Total Onboard System Memory
Figure 2-16: 5MB Total Onboard System Memory
Figure 2-17: Installing ROM
Figure 2-18: Unpacking Your Main System
Figure 2-19: Connecting to the Power Supply
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Chapter 3
Operating Your System
Figure 3-1: Initial Screen
Figure 3-2: “Set Up System Configuration” Screen
Figure 3-3: “Preformat Hard Disk” Screen
Figure 3-4: Calculator
Figure 3-5: “NEAT Chip Setup Configuration” Screen
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IX
Chapter 4
KEYBOARD
Figure 4-1: Keyboard Layout
Figure 4-2: Function Keys
Figure 4-3: Numeric Keypad
Figure 4-4: Indicator Lights
Figure 4-5: Special Keys
Figure 4-6: QWERTY Keys
Figure 4-7: Cursor Keys
Figure 4-8: Adjustment of Keyboard Angles
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Chapter 6
APPENDIX
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2
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5
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9
Figure 6-1: Screwing a 5.25” Disk Drive
Figure 6-2: Fastening 5.25” Disk Drives
Figure 6-3: Screwing a 3.5” Hard Disk Drive
Figure 6-4: Fastening the 3.5” Disk Drive
Figure 6-5: Controller Cable for the Floppy Disk Drive
Figure 6-6: Connecting a Floppy Disk Drive
Figure 6-7: Connecting a Floppy Disk Drive to an FDC Card
Figure 6-8: Controller Cable for the Hard Disk Drive
Figure 6-9: Data Cable for the Hard Disk Drive
Figure 6-10: Connecting a Hard Disk Drive
Figure 6-11: Connecting a Hard Disk Drive to an HDC Card
Figure 6-12: 62-Pin Expansion Bus I/O Channels
Figure 6-13: 36-Pin Expansion Bus I/O Channels
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X
Chapter 1
SYSTEM OVERVIEW
List of Tables
Table 1-1: Power Cord Specifications
Table 1-2: Floppy Disk Specifications
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Chapter 2
SETTlNG UP YOUR SYSTEM
Table 2-1: Settings of Jumper JP1-JP6
Table 2-2: Total Onboard System Memory Size
Table 2-3: Power Supply Pinouts
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Chapter 4
KEYBOARD
Table 4-1: Functions of Numeric Keypad Keys
Table 4-2: Functions of Special Keys
Table 4-3: Functions of Special QWERTY Keys
Table 4-4: Special Functions
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Chapter 6
APPENDIX
Table 6-1: JP1-JP6 — Banks Selection
Table 6-2: JP7 — Battery Selection
Table 6-3: JP8
Table 6-4: JP9
Table 6-5: Channel 0
Table 6-6: Channel 1
Table 6-7: Channel 2
Table 6-8: Interrupts Level Assignment
Table 6-9: DMA Channels
Table 6-10: I/O Hex Address
Table 6-11: DMA Channel 3 Through 0
Table 6-12: DMA Channel 7 Through 5
—
Display Mode Selection
—
Power Good Selection
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XI
What’s Inside
Here’s what you’ll find in this manual:
About This Manual
Chapter 1 —
concepts of your system.
Chapter 2 —
upgrade your system.
Chapter 3 —
functions and the basics of the system setup program.
Chapter 4 —
and basic functions.
Chapter 5 —
procedures and provides directions for additional help.
Chapter 6 —
your system.
Chapter 7 —
“System Overview”, gets you acquainted with the basic
“Setting Up Your System”, shows you how to install or
“Operating Your System”, shows you the MS-DOS
“Keyboard”, explains the keyboard’s features, layout
“Troubleshooting”, covers a simple troubleshooting
“Appendix”, provides some technical specifications for
“Glossary”, explains some microcomputer terms.
XII
How to Use this Manual
For the advanced user
If you are an experienced PC user and do not want to upgrade your
system now and you want to start using your personal computer as
soon as possible, refer to the Quick Start section at the beginning of
chapter one.
Quick Start will provide you all the information you need to set up the
hardware.
For the beginner
Chapter 1 gives you the basic information you need to use this
system. Chapter 2 provides greater detail on the hardware and on
how to upgrade your system. Your system is quite simple to set up.
However if you are unsure of yourself, find an experienced PC hand
to help out.
XIII
Chapter 1
System Overview
System Overview
This chapter covers:
■
the basics of your system
n
the system’s features and specifications
n
control panel features and connectors outside of the
case
n
how to maintain your computer.
If you are an experienced user who wants to get to work as soon as
possible, the Quick Start section at the beginning of this chapter
provides you all the information you need to set up the hardware.
If you want to upgrade your hardware later, read Chapter 2, INSTAL-
LATION.
If you want to gain a more thorough understanding of your computer,
read the entire manual.
Note: You may refer to the “Glossary”section for definitions of com-
puter terminology.
Chapter 1: System Overview
1
1-1
Introduction
This manual will guide you through the setup of your computer and
provide the information necessary to tailor the system to fit your needs.
If you are a novice, you will be able to have your computer up and
running with a minimum of fuss. You will also gain valuable hands-on
experience by following the easy step-by-step instructions. If you are
an advanced user, you will appreciate the affordable power of this
system.
Your computer is compatible with the PC/AT This means that virtually
all the software available for the PC/AT can also be run on your
computer. Moreover, the keyboard commands used on a PC/AT can
also be used on your computer. For example, the same
functionality are the key design features of your computer. For this
dable AT-style power.
The clear, well-illustrated instructions in this manual ensure that even
<Ctrl>
<Alt>
<Del> combination of keystrokes used for the software reset on the
PC/AT may also be used on your computer. Quality, flexibility, and
reason, this computer is the ideal choice for a person seeking affor-
if you are a newcomer to the computer world, you will have your
computer installed and running with a minimum of effort.
Operating System
Your computer uses the MS-DOS® operating system.For more details
on this operating system, please refer to the Microsoft® MS-DOS
User’s Guide and User’s Reference. This manual is included with your
system.
2
Chapter 1: System Overview
1-2 Quick Start
If you are an experienced user anxious to start using your computer,
observe the figure below to set up your personal computer. You will
still want to use this manual later as a reference book.
Note: Save all packing materials in case you need to ship your
computer.
Chapter 1: System Overview
3
1-3 Features
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Intel 80286-12 microprocessor with 80287 coprocessor op-
tional
Use of CHIP’s PC/AT-compatible chip set
Switchable between 6MHz Normal mode and 12MHz Turbo
mode by either a software switch or a hardware switch
Onboard battery backup for the CMOS configuration table
and a real-time clock
RAM subsystem of 512KB, 640KB, 1 MB, 1.5MB, 2MB,
3MB, 4MB and 5MB
Eight expansion slots -five 16 bit slots and three 8 bit slots
Sixteen-level interrupt
Seven-channel DMA for disk and special I/O
64KB legal BIOS
Four-layer mainboard
LIM 4.0 EMS support
Shadow RAM support
Choice of either 44256 DIP or 256k/l M SIMM DRAM
modules
Page/Interleaved DRAM access method support
4
Chapter 1: System Overview
1-4 Specifications
•
CPU
•
RAM
•
ROM
•
Expansion slots
• Disk Drive(s)
• Power Size
• Options —Math coprocessor 80287-8
— 80286 microprocessor, 12MHz
— Subsystem of 512KB, 64OKB, 1 MB, 1.5MB, 2MB,
3MB, 4MB and 5MB
— 64KB legal BIOS
—Five 16 bit slots and three 8 bit slots
— Three 5.25” bays and one 3.5” bay
— 165mm X 150mm X 150mm
Chapter 1: System Overview 5
1-5 Example of a System Configuration
The basic system is pictured below. You may choose peripherals and
upgrades for the system as your needs require.
is different from the one pictured, it should operate in the same basic
manner.
Even if your system
Figure 1-2: System Configuration
6
Chapter I: System Overview
1-6 System Unit
The system unit may house a motherboard, disk drives, a power supply
and other optional expansion cards.
Figure 1-3: System Unit Case
2 Function Lights
Chapter 1: System Overview
7
1-7 Control Panel
The control panel provides several useful functions which are explained below. You are likely to use the front panel frequently, so let’s
start there.
Figure 1-4: Front Panel
Reset Button
The reset button allows you to restart the system without turning the
power off.
If you encounter any problems while using unfamiliar software, you can
always restart quickly from the RAM test stage by pressing the reset
button. Note, however, that any data which have not been saved to
disk will be lost.
Turbo Button
The Turbo button allows you to change the running speed of the
microprocessor to accommodate software requirements.
software applications must be run at a slow clock speed.
Indicator Lights
Two lights indicate the operation status of your computer. The green
LED is lit when the power is on. The red LED comes on when the hard
disk is being accessed.
8
Chapter 1: System Overview
Some
Keylock
The keylock enables or disables the keyboard.
keyboard is activated. In the lock mode the keyboard is disabled to
deny unauthorized users access to the computer.
In the unlock mode the
Figure 1-5: Keylock and Two Security-Lock Keys
Chapter 1: System Overview
9
System Power Switch
The system power switch is located on the right side of the case toward
the rear.
Figure 1-6: ON/OFF Switch in OFF Position
You should always be certain that the power is turned off before
modifying the hardware configuration in any way.
10
Chapter 1: System Overview
1-8 Rear Panel
The rear panel has all the connections that lead from the system unit
to external peripherals and the power source.
switches before connecting or disconnecting cables/wires!
sure that cables/wires are attached to the peripheral device first and
connect to the outlet of the system unit case later. Turn the system unit
power switch off before you plug the power cable into an electrical
outlet.
Turn off all power
En-
Figure 1-7: Rear Panel
Chapter 1: System Overview
11
Keyboard Connector
The keyboard supplied with your system may be plugged into sockets
at the back of the case.
shown below.
Keyboard Connector
Plug the keyboard cable into the socket as
Figure 1-8: Connecting the Keyboard Cable
12
Chapter 1: System Overview
Power Cord Connector
The power supply has two receptacles: one supplies power to a
monitor; the other connects to the main power source.
Yet, if your monitor power plug does not fit the system unit’s monitor
power outlet, you should plug it into a wall electrical outlet.
Figure 1-9: System Power Cord
Chapter 1: System Overview
13
You will also need to connect your monitor to the system unit at a
female display port in one of the expansion slots as shown on the
previous page.
To attach the monitor cable to the display port, plug the cable into the
port and screw the cable connector down securely.
Your computer gives you a wide range of video options to meet your
needs.
You have a wide choice of the following video standards.
-
MGA (Monochrome Graphics Adapter) also referred to as
Hercules
-
CGA (Color Graphics Adapter)
-
EGA (Enhanced Graphics Adapter)
-
VGA (Video Graphics Adapter)
Refer to the figures below for mono and color display connectors.
Figure 1-10: Two Kinds of Display Connectors
14
Chapter 1: System Overview
Power Voltage Setting
The
system unit can run on either 115V or 230V as indicated in Figure
1-11. The voltage setting switch is located above the monitor power
outlet. Refer to Table 1-1 for power cord specifications.
Figure 1-11: Voltage Switch
When you are using the PC in American areas, switch the voltage
selector switch to 115V and if you are in European countries, switch to
23OV.
Refer to the following table for the appropriate specification of
the
power cord used.
Power Source
Cord Specification
UL listed; SVT/SJT type; three-conductor
115v
rated 10A, 125V; < 15ft. in length
Appropriate approval listed in that
230V
230V (U.S.A. only)
specific country; three-conductor;
rated 6A, 250V
UL listed; SVT/SJT type; three-conductor;
rated 6A, 125V; <16ft. in length
Table 1-1: Power Cord Specifications
Chapter 1: System Overview
15
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