Low-power frequency synthesizer
for mobile radio communications
Product specification
Supersedes data of October 1991
File under Integrated circuits, IC03
October 1992
Page 2
Philips SemiconductorsProduct specification
Low-power frequency synthesizer for
mobile radio communications
FEATURES
• Single chip synthesizer; compatible with Philips cellular
radio chipset
• Fully programmable RF divider
• I2C interface for two-line serial bus
• On-chip crystal oscillator/TCXO buffer from 3 to 16 MHz
• 16 reference division ratios allowing 5 to 100 kHz
channel spacing
• 1/8 crystal frequency output
• On-chip out-of-lock indication
• Two extra VCO control outputs
• Latched synthesizer alarm output
• Status register including out-of-lock indication and
power failure
• Power-down mode.
APPLICATIONS
UMA1014
GENERAL DESCRIPTION
The UMA1014 is a low-power universal synthesizer which
has been designed for use in channelized radio
communication. The IC is manufactured in bipolar
technology and is designed to operate at 5 to 100 kHz
channel spacing with an RF input from 50 to 1100 MHz.
The channel is programmed via a standard I
low-power sensitive RF divider is incorporated together
with a dead-zone eliminated, 3-state phase comparator.
The low-noise charge pump delivers 1 mA or 1/2 mA
output current to enable a better compromise between fast
switching and loop bandwidth. A power-down circuit
enables the synthesizer to be set to idle mode.
2
C-bus. A
• Cellular mobile radio (NMT, AMPS, TACS)
• Private mobile radio (PMR)
• Cordless telephones.
QUICK REFERENCE DATA
SYMBOLPARAMETERMIN.TYP.MAX.UNIT
V
CC
I
CC
I
CCpd
f
ref
f
RF
T
amb
, V
+ I
CP
CP
supply voltage range4.55.05.5V
supply current−13−mA
ICC in power-down−2.5−mA
phase comparator reference frequency5−100kHz
RF input frequency50−1100MHz
operating ambient temperature range−40−85°C
ORDERING INFORMATION
PACKAGE
TYPE NUMBER
NAMEDESCRIPTIONVERSION
UMA1014TSO16plastic small outline package; 16 leads; body width 3.9 mmSOT109-1
October 19922
Page 3
October 19923
BLOCK DIAGRAM
mobile radio communications
Philips SemiconductorsProduct specification
Low-power frequency synthesizer for
oscillator input
oscillator output
RF input
hardware
power-down
slave address
select input A
1
BUFFER/
2
OSCILLATOR
8
31/32
11
12
159 107 13
synthesizer
alarm
output
MAIN
CONTROL
1/8 crystal
ground+5 V supply
4616143
frequency
output
internally
connected
UMA1014
PHASE
COMPARATOR
OUT-OF-
LOCK
3-BITS
MAIN
DIVIDER
18-BITS4-BITS1-BIT1-BIT
VCO buffer switch output B
VCO buffer switch output A
serial data input/output
serial clock input
REFERENCE
DIVIDER
+5 V charge
pump supply
CHARGE
PUMP
MRA396 - 1
charge
5
pump
output
handbook, full pagewidth
Fig.1 Block diagram.
UMA1014
Page 4
Philips SemiconductorsProduct specification
Low-power frequency synthesizer for
mobile radio communications
PINNING
SYMBOLPINDESCRIPTION
OSCIN1oscillator or TCXO input
OSCOUT2oscillator output
V
CP
V
CC
PCD5charge pump output
GND6ground
VCOA7VCO buffer switch output A
RF8RF input
SCL9serial clock input
SDA10serial data input/output
HPD11hardware power-down (active LOW)
SAA12slave address select input A
VCOB13VCO buffer switch output B
i.c.14internally connected
SYA15synthesizer alarm output
FX8161/8 crystal frequency output
35 V charge pump supply
45 V supply
(including out-of-lock)
handbook, halfpage
OSCOUT
OSCIN
VCOA
1
215
V
3
CP
4
V
CC
PCD
GND
RF
UMA1014
5
6
7
8
MRA397 - 1
Fig.2 Pin configuration.
UMA1014
16
FX8
SYA
14
i.c.
13
VCOB
12
SAA
11
HPD
10
SDA
9
SCL
October 19924
Page 5
Philips SemiconductorsProduct specification
Low-power frequency synthesizer for
mobile radio communications
FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION
The UMA1014 is a low-power frequency synthesizer for
radio communication which operates in the
50 to 1100 MHz range. The device includes an
oscillator/buffer circuit, a reference divider, an RF divider,
a 3-state phase comparator, a charge pump and a main
control circuit to transfer the serial data into the four
internal 8-bit registers. The VCC supply feeds the logic part,
the VCP supply feeds the charge-pump only. Both supplies
are +5 V (±10%). The power-down facility puts the
synthesizer in the idle mode (all current supplies are
switched off except in the control part). This allows any I
transfer and all information in the registers is retained thus
enabling fast power-up.
Main divider
The main divider is a pulse swallow type counter which is
fully programmable. After a sensitive input amplifier
(50 mV, −13 dBm), the RF signal is applied to a 31/32
duo-modulus counter. The output is then used as the clock
for the 5-bit swallow counter R = (MD4 to MD0) and the
13-bit main counter N = (MD17 to MD5). The ratio is
transferred via the I
then buffered in an 18-bit latch. The ratio in the divider
chain is updated with the new information when the least
significant bit is received (i.e. D0). This update is
synchronized to the output of the divider in order to limit the
phase error during small jumps of the synthesized
frequency.
The main divider can be programmed to any value
between 2048 and 262143 (i.e. 218−1). If ratio X, below
2048, is sent to the divider, the ratio (X + 2048) will be
programmed. When it is required to switch between
adjacent channels it is possible to program register D only,
thus allowing shorter I2C programming time.
Oscillator
The oscillator is a common collector Colpitts type with
external capacitive feedback. The oscillator has very small
temperature drift and high voltage supply rejection. A
TCXO or other type of clock can be used to drive the
oscillator by connecting the source (preferably
AC-coupled) to pin 1 and leaving pin 2 open-circuit. The
oscillator acts as a buffer in this mode and requires no
additional external components. The signal from the clock
source should have a minimum space width of 31 ns.
2
C-bus to the registers B, C and D, and
2
UMA1014
Reference divider
The reference divider is semi-programmable with 16
division ratios which can be selected via the I
programming uses four bits of the register A (A3 to A0) as
listed in Table 2. These ratios allow the use of a large
number of crystal frequencies from 3 MHz up to 16 MHz.
All main channel spacings can be obtained with a single
crystal/TXCO frequency of 9.6 MHz.
Phase comparator
A diagram of the phase comparator and charge pump is
C
illustrated in Fig.3.
The phase comparator is both a phase and frequency
detector. The detector comprises dual flip-flops together
with logic circuitry to eliminate the dead-zone. When a
phase error is detected the UP or DOWN signal goes
HIGH. This switches on the corresponding current
generator which produces a source or sink current for the
loop filter. When no phase error is detected PCD goes high
impedance. The final tuning voltage for the VCO is
provided by the loop filter. The charge pump current is
programmable via the I
logic 1 the charge pump delivers 1 mA; when IPCD is set
to logic 0 the charge pump delivers 0.5 mA.
The phase comparator has a phase inverter logic input
(PHI). This allows the use of inverted or non-inverted loop
filter configurations. It is thus possible to use a passive
loop filter which offers higher performances without an
operational amplifier. The function of the phase
comparator is given in Table 3 and a typical transfer curve
is illustrated in Fig.4.
Out-of-lock detector
An out-of-lock detector using the UP and DOWN signals
from the phase comparator is included on-chip. The pin
VCOA is an open collector output which is forced LOW
during an out-of-lock condition. The same information is
also available via the I
OOL). When the phase error (measured at the phase
comparator) is greater than approximately 200 ns, an
out-of-lock condition is immediately flagged. The flag is
only released after 6 reference cycles when the phase
error is less than 200 ns.
Low-power frequency synthesizer for
mobile radio communications
MAIN CONTROL
The control part consists mainly of the I2C-bus control
interface and a set of four registers A, B, C and D. The
serial input data (SDA) is converted into 8-bit parallel
words and stored in the appropriate registers. The data
transmission to the synthesizer is executed in the burst
mode with the following format:
//slave addr./subaddr./data1/data2/.../datan//; n up to 4
Data byte 1 is written in the register indicated by the
subaddress. An auto-increment circuit, if enabled
Table 4Slave address
110001
SAA is the slave address. When SAA goes HIGH then
SAA = 0, when SAA goes LOW then SAA = 1. This allows
the use of two UMA1014s on the same bus but using a
different address. R/W should be set to logic 0 when
writing to the synthesizer or set to logic 1 when reading the
status register.
(AVI = 1), then provides the correct addressing for the
ensuing data bytes. Since the length of the data burst is
not fixed, it is possible to program only one register or the
whole set. The registers are structured in such a way so
that the burst, for normal operation, is kept as short as
possible. The bits that are only programmed during the
set-up (reference division ratio, power-down, phase
inversion and current on PCD) are stored in registers A
and B.
In the slave address six bits are fixed, the remaining two
bits depend on the application.
The subaddress includes the register pointer, and sets the
two flags related to the auto-increment (AVI) and the alarm
disable (DI).
UMA1014
SAAR/W
Table 5Subaddress
XXXDIAVIXSB1SB0
Where:
X = not used
DI (Disable Interrupt):
DI = 1 disables the alarm on SYA
DI = 0 enables the alarm.
AVI (Auto Value Increment):
AVI = 1 enables the automatic increment
AVI = 0 disables the auto-increment.
Table 6Pointer of the registers
SB1SB0REGISTER POINTED
00A
01B
10C
11D
SB1/SB0 are the pointers of the register where DATA1 will
be written (see Table 6).
When the auto-increment is disabled (AVI = 0), the
subaddress pointer will maintain the same value during the
I2C-bus transfer. All the data bytes will then be written
consecutively in the register pointed by the subaddress.
October 19927
Page 8
Philips SemiconductorsProduct specification
Low-power frequency synthesizer for
mobile radio communications
Status register and synthesizer alarm
When an out-of-lock condition or a power dip occurs,
SYA, which is an open collector output, is forced LOW
and latched. The pin SYA will be released after the status
register is read via the I2C-bus.
The status register contains the following information:
Table 7Status register
000OOL0LOOLLPDDI
Where:
OOL = momentary out-of-lock
LOOL = latched out-of-lock
LPD = latched power dip
DI = disable interrupt (of the last write cycle).
2
C-bus protocol to read this internal register is a single byte without subaddressing:
The I
//slave address (R/W = 1)/status register (read)//
CMD15 to MD8bits 15 to 8main divider ratio00111000
DMD7 to MD0bits 7 to 0main divider ratio10000000;
BIT NAMEFUNCTION
IPCDprogrammable charge
pump current
RD3...RD0reference ratiosee Table 21110; r = 1536
VCOAVCO switch Aset pin 71
VCOBVCO switch Bset pin 130
MD17, MD16bits 17 and 16MSB of main divider ratio01
IPCD = 1=1mA;
IPCD = 0 = 0.5 mA
PRESET
VALUE
0
r = 80000
October 19928
Page 9
Philips SemiconductorsProduct specification
Low-power frequency synthesizer for
mobile radio communications
handbook, full pagewidth
f
var
PHASE
COMPARATOR
f
ref
PHI
Fig.3 Phase comparator block diagram.
UP
DOWN
on/off
on/off
UMA1014
V
CP
1 mA
(source)
PCD
1 mA
(sink)
MRA399
LIMITING VALUES
In accordance with the Absolute Maximum System (IEC 134).
SYMBOLPARAMETERMIN.MAX.UNIT
V
CC
V
i
T
stg
T
amb
supply voltage range−0.37.0V
voltage range to ground (all pins)0V
CC
V
IC storage temperature range−55+125°C
operating ambient temperature range−40+85°C
HANDLING
Every pin referenced to ground withstands ESD (HMB) tests in accordance with MIL-STD-883C method 3015 class 2.
Inputs and outputs are protected against electrostatic discharges in normal handling. However, to be totally safe, it is
desirable to take normal precautions appropriate to handling Integrated Circuits.
Low-power frequency synthesizer for
mobile radio communications
PACKAGE OUTLINE
SO16: plastic small outline package; 16 leads; body width 3.9 mm
D
c
y
Z
16
9
UMA1014
SOT109-1
E
H
E
A
X
v M
A
pin 1 index
1
e
02.55 mm
DIMENSIONS (inch dimensions are derived from the original mm dimensions)
mm
A
max.
1.75
0.069
A1A2A
0.25
1.45
0.10
1.25
0.010
0.057
0.004
0.049
0.25
0.01
b
3
p
0.49
0.25
0.36
0.19
0.0100
0.019
0.0075
0.014
UNIT
inches
Note
1. Plastic or metal protrusions of 0.15 mm maximum per side are not included.
(1)E(1)(1)
cD
10.0
9.8
0.39
0.38
8
b
p
scale
eHELLpQZywv θ
4.0
1.27
3.8
0.16
0.050
0.15
w M
6.2
5.8
0.244
0.228
A
2
1.05
0.041
Q
A
1
detail X
1.0
0.7
0.4
0.6
0.028
0.039
0.020
0.016
(A )
L
p
L
0.250.1
0.25
0.01
0.010.004
A
3
θ
0.7
0.3
0.028
0.012
o
8
o
0
OUTLINE
VERSION
SOT109-1
IEC JEDEC EIAJ
076E07S MS-012AC
REFERENCES
October 199215
EUROPEAN
PROJECTION
ISSUE DATE
95-01-23
97-05-22
Page 16
Philips SemiconductorsProduct specification
Low-power frequency synthesizer for
mobile radio communications
SOLDERING
Introduction
There is no soldering method that is ideal for all IC
packages. Wave soldering is often preferred when
through-hole and surface mounted components are mixed
on one printed-circuit board. However, wave soldering is
not always suitable for surface mounted ICs, or for
printed-circuits with high population densities. In these
situations reflow soldering is often used.
This text gives a very brief insight to a complex technology.
A more in-depth account of soldering ICs can be found in
our
“IC Package Databook”
Reflow soldering
Reflow soldering techniques are suitable for all SO
packages.
Reflow soldering requires solder paste (a suspension of
fine solder particles, flux and binding agent) to be applied
to the printed-circuit board by screen printing, stencilling or
pressure-syringe dispensing before package placement.
Several techniques exist for reflowing; for example,
thermal conduction by heated belt. Dwell times vary
between 50 and 300 seconds depending on heating
method. Typical reflow temperatures range from
215 to 250 °C.
Preheating is necessary to dry the paste and evaporate
the binding agent. Preheating duration: 45 minutes at
45 °C.
(order code 9398 652 90011).
UMA1014
• A double-wave (a turbulent wave with high upward
pressure followed by a smooth laminar wave) soldering
technique should be used.
• The longitudinal axis of the package footprint must be
parallel to the solder flow.
• The package footprint must incorporate solder thieves at
the downstream end.
During placement and before soldering, the package must
be fixed with a droplet of adhesive. The adhesive can be
applied by screen printing, pin transfer or syringe
dispensing. The package can be soldered after the
adhesive is cured.
Maximum permissible solder temperature is 260 °C, and
maximum duration of package immersion in solder is
10 seconds, if cooled to less than 150 °C within
6 seconds. Typical dwell time is 4 seconds at 250 °C.
A mildly-activated flux will eliminate the need for removal
of corrosive residues in most applications.
Repairing soldered joints
Fix the component by first soldering two diagonallyopposite end leads. Use only a low voltage soldering iron
(less than 24 V) applied to the flat part of the lead. Contact
time must be limited to 10 seconds at up to 300 °C. When
using a dedicated tool, all other leads can be soldered in
one operation within 2 to 5 seconds between
270 and 320 °C.
Wave soldering
Wave soldering techniques can be used for all SO
packages if the following conditions are observed:
DEFINITIONS
Data sheet status
Objective specificationThis data sheet contains target or goal specifications for product development
Preliminary specificationThis data sheet contains preliminary data; supplementary data may be published later.
Product specificationThis data sheet contains final product specifications.
Limiting values
Limiting values given are in accordance with the Absolute Maximum Rating System (IEC 134). Stress above one or
more of the limiting values may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only and operation
of the device at these or at any other conditions above those given in the Characteristics sections of this specification
is not implied. Exposure to limiting values for extended periods may affect device reliability.
Application information
Where application information is given, it is advisory and does not from part of the specification.
October 199216
Page 17
Philips SemiconductorsProduct specification
Low-power frequency synthesizer for
UMA1014
mobile radio communications
LIFE SUPPORT APPLICATIONS
These products are not designed for use in life support appliances, devices, or systems where malfunction of these
products can reasonably be expected to result in personal injury. Philips customers using or selling these products for
use in such applications do so at their own risk and agree to fully indemnify Philips for any damages resulting from such
improper use or sale.
2
PURCHASE OF PHILIPS I
C COMPONENTS
Purchase of Philips I
components in the I2C system provided the system conforms to the I2C specification defined by
Philips. This specification can be ordered using the code 9398 393 40011.
2
C components conveys a license under the Philips’ I2C patent to use the
October 199217
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