Corel WordPerfect - 9 XML User’s Guide

WordPerfect 9 XML

Copyright © 1999 COREL CORPORATION and COREL CORPORATION LIMITED. All rights reserved.

For more complete copyright information please refer to the About section in the Help menu of the

software.

Table of contents

Chapter 1 Working with SGML and XML .............5

Chapter 2 Developing XML projects ..............11

Compiling a Document Type Definition (DTD) ...........13

Working with mapping files ...............15

Defining the layout for an XML document ............21

Chapter 3 Working with catalog files .............27

Chapter 4 Creating and saving XML documents ...........41

Chapter 5 Formatting XML documents .............53

Formatting the page layout ..............58

Formatting text .................65

Numbering elements in XML documents ............72

Chapter 6 Working with elements ..............79

Chapter 7 Editing XML documents ..............89

Editing elements and attributes ..............90

Finding and replacing elements, tags, and text...........92

Using text and file references ..............94

Chapter 8 Working with tables, macros, and graphics .........99

Chapter 9 Managing documents ..............107

Chapter 10 Checking for errors ...............113

Chapter 11 Customizing the XML environment ...........117

Setting the WordPerfect DTD Compiler preferences ..........122

Setting the WordPerfect XML Project Designer preferences ........124

Table of contents iii

WORKING WITH SGML AND

XML 1

You can use the word processing power of WordPerfect 9 to create, edit,
retrieve, validate, and save documents created with the Standard Generalized
Markup Language (SGML) or eXtensible Markup Language (XML).
Although the user interface is now XML oriented, all the SGML functionality
that was available in WordPerfect 8 is available in WordPerfect 9.

WordPerfect supports SGML and XML through

 the XML editing component within WordPerfect itself — lets you create,

edit, retrieve, and save SGML or XML documents

 the WordPerfect DTD Compiler — lets you create a WordPerfect template

(.WPT) from a Document Type Definition (DTD). The compiler is
available from within the WordPerfect XML Project Designer

 the WordPerfect XML Project Designer — lets you assign formatting to

SGML/XML elements while they are being edited in WordPerfect

Within the WordPerfect XML editing environment, the XML tree view
provides an easy-to-read document structure. When you edit SGML or XML
documents, you can perform any task that you normally perform on
WordPerfect documents while still having the ability to validate and save
documents in an SGML or XML format.

The XML components of WordPerfect are included in a Typical Installation.
After you have installed WordPerfect, you can

 define an XML project

Working with SGML and XML 5

 compile your Document Type Definition and create a WordPerfect

template

 create a layout for the XML document

 work within the WordPerfect XML editing environment to create an XML

document

To install the XML components of WordPerfect when WordPerfect is already
installed on your personal computer, do a Custom Installation, then select the
XML components.

Using SGML with Word Perfect 9

All the SGML functionality that was available in WordPerfect 8 is available in
WordPerfect 9. When you work with SGML documents, you can

 open, edit, validate, and save documents

 format documents

 add bulleted or numbered lists

 add graphics

 create cross-references and tables of contents

While the user interface has been updated to be XML oriented, all menu
commands and dialog boxes can still be used with SGML. Although the
Document Type feature used in previous versions of WordPerfect is no
longer needed in WordPerfect 9, the control information contained in the
Document Type can still be accessed when you are working with previous
version SGML documents. To update a previous version SGML document,
you can copy the Document Type information to a WordPerfect template.

For more information about Document Types, see “Understanding Document
Types” on page 9 and “Copying Document Type entries to a WordPerfect
template” on page 9.

Learning more about XML

You can use the WordPerfect XML Tutorial to learn more about creating and
working with XML documents. To access the tutorial, open the WordPerfect
XML Project Designer, then click Help, XML Tutorial.

For more information

For information about SGML and XML, see the following:

 “What are SGML and XML?” on page 7

 “Why use SGML or XML?” on page 8

6 WordPerfect 9 XML: Chapter 1

 “Understanding Document Types” on page 9

 “Copying Document Type entries to a WordPerfect template” on page

What’s new

Following is a brief description of the changes you will notice when creating
XML documents.

New look

The interface is XML oriented, while the WordPerfect XML Project
Designer has replaced the Layout Designer of WordPerfect 8. Not only can
you create your layout files using the WordPerfect XML Project Designer,
but you can also access the WordPerfect DTD Compiler.

New functionality

The SGML functionality that was present in WordPerfect 8 has been
enhanced to support XML (both UTF8 and UTF16 encodings). Document
handling has been simplified so that a single WordPerfect template contains
the compiled DTD, the layout file, and the Alias file. This makes it much
easier to distribute XML documents. Also, processing instructions and
marked sections are now supported in the editing environment.

New getting started process

The process of creating XML documents has been streamlined to let you
launch the WordPerfect XML Project Designer from within WordPerfect. A
new wizard guides you through the process of creating an XML project.

What are SGML and XML?

What is SGML?

SGML is an open international standard (ISO 8879) issued by the
International Organization for Standardization (ISO). The SGML standard
provides a platform and application-independent environment for defining
document architecture and document markup.

Because SGML isolates the formatting from the document content, you can
transfer both the document text and its associated formatting across
platforms and between applications. In SGML, elements form the structural
building blocks of a document. For example, the structure of a book can be
broken down into elements, such as a title page, a table of contents, chapters,
appendices, a glossary, and an index.

Working with SGML and XML

7

The SGML standard provides a method for defining each element in the
content of a document. This allows advanced formatting to be applied to the
SGML document so that the same content can be printed multiple ways
without changing or converting the content. For example, you can print a
book as a hard bound version and as a paperback version, which uses a
smaller page size, font and different margins without changing the content
file. Similarly, the same content can be published to the Internet or
manipulated by a computer application to suit a specific purpose.

What is XML?

XML is a simplified version of SGML. XML is an open international standard
issued by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C). Like SGML, XML
provides a platform and application-independent environment for defining
document architecture and document markup. XML gives you the power of
SGML without the complexity.

Why use SGML or XML?

There are many advantages to using SGML or XML. Both do the following:

 eliminate the problem of having to visually search a document to find a

specific type of information, such as keywords or prices. With SGML or
XML, complex searches can be done on minute elements of information,
such as “all titles” or “the preface,” in the document structure.

 standardize information by formalizing and enforcing document structure.

The document structure is specified in the Document Type Definition
(DTD) associated with an SGML or XML document. The SGML or XML
document is validated in accordance with the rules laid out in the DTD.

 allow you to create your own DTDs or author to existing DTDs to

structure the information for specific purposes. Many organizations have
developed or are in the process of developing DTDs to allow the exchange
of information to take place in XML. This ensures information file formats
that are not proprietary.

 make information reuse and distribution easier because the document

content is separated from the document formatting. For example, an order
form document might contain item names, order dates, part numbers,
prices, quantity ordered, the selling agent’s name, and other information
for a company. The shipping department needs to know order dates, part
numbers, and quantity, but doesn’t require the prices or the agent’s name.
On the other hand, the accounting department needs the name, quantity,
prices, and agent’s name, but has no use for the part numbers or order
dates. In this case, both departments can use the same document and
simply extract only the information that they require.

8 WordPerfect 9 XML: Chapter 1

 allow you to add meaning to document information. Whereas HTML

(HyperText Markup Language) is a fixed markup language, SGML and
XML are both flexible markup languages. For example, a document
created in HTML uses a fixed set of tags such as <h1>, <h2>, <h3>,
and <p>.

On the other hand, SGML and XML provide the flexibility to create your
own tags. By using descriptive tags, you add meaning to the document
information. For example, a document created in XML could use the tags
<model>, <year>, <color>,<mileage>, and <price>.

Adding meaning to document information allows complex queries to be
performed on specific document elements. For example, “Find all
Mercury Tracers with less than 100 000 kilometers that are selling for
$3000 or less.” It also allows calculations to be performed on specific
document elements.

Understanding Document Types

Document Types were used in previous versions of WordPerfect to describe
the control information for the editing of SGML documents. They were also
used to store the logic file (.LGC), the Alias file (.LNM), and associated
layout files (.LSI) that you needed to create or view an SGML document. The
Document Type information was stored in the registry with the full path file
names of the files to be used. The Document Type information was also
saved with the SGML document. When an SGML document was opened in
WordPerfect, the Document Type information stored with the document was
compared against the Document Type information in the registry. If the
registry did not contain a matching entry then a new Document Type entry
was created in the registry.

In WordPerfect 9, the Document Type information is still read and compared
to the Document Type information in the registry when you open a
WordPerfect SGML document. As before, if a matching entry does not exist
in the registry one is created.

When you import an SGML document created with a previous version of
WordPerfect, WordPerfect uses the Document Type information stored with
the document to access the LGC, LSI, and LNM files.

Copying Document Type entries to a WordPerfect template

When importing SGML documents created with previous versions of
WordPerfect, you need to first copy the Document Type entries to a
WordPerfect template. WordPerfect uses this information to access certain
key files such as the Alias and logic files before opening the document.

Working with SGML and XML

9

To copy Document Type entries to a WordPerfect template

1 Click the Start button on the Windows taskbar, then click Programs,

WordPerfect Office 2000, Utilities, WordPerfect XML Project Designer.

2 Click File, Document Types.

3 Choose a Document Type from the Types list box.

4 Click one of the following buttons:

 Create — creates a new project, category, and template based on the

Document Type information of the Document Type selected in step 3.

 Copy — copies Document Type information from the Document Type

selected in step 3 to the project selected in the Categories/Projects
box.

 Older versions of WordPerfect cannot access the template data nor

Document Type information when this information is created using
WordPerfect 9.

Before you begin

Before you begin working with XML in WordPerfect, you should

 have mastered the basics of WordPerfect

 be familiar with the function and role of markup languages

 be familiar with the structure of XML documents

If this is the first time you’ve used XML with WordPerfect, you should
complete the WordPerfect XML tutorial, which will guide you through the
creation of a simple XML document. To access the tutorial, go to the
WordPerfect XML Project Designer, then click Help, XML Tutorial.

10 WordPerfect 9 XML: Chapter 1

DEVELOPING XML PROJECTS 2

There are seven steps involved in creating XML documents using
WordPerfect.

Choosing a Document Type Definition (DTD)

Before you can create an XML project, you must decide which DTD you will
be using.

Many industries have developed DTDs specific to their needs. The
Department of Defense has created DTDs to support the CALS initiative.
The Internet Engineering Task Force has created several versions of DTDs
used to create documents for the World Wide Web. These DTDs and others
are included with WordPerfect. When you develop an XML project, you must
include a compiled DTD or an existing logic file.

Defining an XML project

Each XML document is associated with a category and project. If you open an
existing XML document that is not associated with a project, you will be
prompted to define the category and project names. Every XML project
consists of a category name, a project name, a WordPerfect template, and a
catalog file.

Creating a WordPerfect template

Each XML project consists of a WordPerfect template that incorporates a
compiled DTD, a layout file (.LSI), an Alias file, a character mapping file, and
a catalog file. SGML projects also include an SGML Declaration file. You can

Developing XML projects 11

easily e-mail XML documents to others by sending the WordPerfect
template and the XML document.

Compiling a Document Type Definition

The structure of an XML document is typically based on the rules defined in
the DTD. These rules are incorporated into a WordPerfect template.

Defining the layout for an XML document

The format for an XML document is defined by rules you create using the
WordPerfect XML Project Designer. These rules are incorporated into a
WordPerfect template. You can also choose to create a generic layout that
makes XML documents more readable when you are working in the
WordPerfect XML editing environment.

Specifying a catalog file

You must specify a catalog file for the WordPerfect template. This catalog file
contains references to external information that is required by the XML
document. Two catalog files are supplied with WordPerfect: Compile.cat and
Import.cat.

 Compile.cat is the file that the WordPerfect DTD Compiler will try to

use if you do not supply a different file

 Import.cat is the default catalog file used when importing SGML/XML

documents. It contains entries that match up the PUBLIC and SYSTEM
identifiers in the DTD and/or the root element name to the appropriate
WordPerfect Template file

Creating the XML document in WordPerfect

You create XML documents within the WordPerfect XML editing
environment.

Defining an XML project

When you create a new XML document, you first define the category in
which you want the XML document classified. You must also define a name
for the project template upon which the XML document will be based. When
you open an XML document that is not associated with a project, you will be
prompted for a category and project name.

To define an XML project for a new document

1 Click the Start button on the Windows taskbar, then click Programs,

WordPerfect Office 2000, WordPerfect 9.

12 WordPerfect 9 XML: Chapter 2

2 Click File, New XML Document.

3 Click the New button.

4 Follow the prompts to create an XML project.

To define an XML project using an existing XML document

1 Click the Start button on the Windows taskbar, then click Programs,

WordPerfect Office 2000, WordPerfect 9.

2 Click File, Open.

3 Choose the drive where the document is stored from the Look In list box.

4 Double-click the folder where the document is stored.

5 Double-click the document name.

 If you know where a file is located, you can type the full path and filename

in the File Name text box.

 To select from a list of recently opened files, click the arrow located next

to the File Name text box.

Compiling a Document Type Definition (DTD)

Document Type Definitions (DTDs) define the components and structure of a
document. WordPerfect uses DTD information to tag and validate
documents. But DTDs are normally stored as ASCII text files for SGML
documents or UNICODE files for XML documents, which WordPerfect
cannot access efficiently. To use the DTD information, the WordPerfect DTD
Compiler compiles the DTD into a logic file (.LGC) and creates a
WordPerfect template that incorporates the compiled DTD, the layout file
(.LSI), and the Alias (.LNM) files.

When you use the WordPerfect DTD Compiler, you must

 compile your DTD file or WordPerfect will not be able to use it

 specify a catalog file if external entities are referenced in the DTD you are

using (or if they are referenced with PUBLIC identifiers in the SGML
declaration). You need to create a catalog file before you compile the DTD
to a WordPerfect template. SYSTEM external entities, for which the
SYSTEM identifier is a filename or full path name, may have a matching
entry in a catalog file but do not require one.

For more information about catalog entry files and other mapping files,
see “Working with mapping files” on page 15.

Developing XML projects

13

You can run the WordPerfect DTD Compiler as a standalone application by
creating a shortcut to D2LWIN9.EXE located in the \PROGRAM
FILES\COREL\WORDPERFECT OFFICE 2000\PROGRAMS folder.

 If the SGML declaration you are using contains more than one BASESET

definition, your catalog entry file must contain a PUBLIC entry with an
identifier matching that of the BASESET. For more information about
BASESET mappings, see “Mapping 8-bit ASCII characters to WordPerfect
characters” on page 17.

 As part of the compiling process, WordPerfect checks the DTD for syntax

errors. The WordPerfect DTD Compiler will not create a WordPerfect
template if it finds any errors in the DTD. Compiling errors are displayed
in the WordPerfect DTD Compiler Log window. For more information on
an error, double-click the error in the Log window.

 By default, the WordPerfect DTD Compiler creates WordPerfect

templates in the \PROGRAM FILES\COREL\WORDPERFECT OFFICE
2000\TEMPLATE\CUSTOM WP TEMPLATES\XML folder. To access
the WP templates files in WordPerfect, you can specify this location as the
default folder in the file settings. For more information about file settings,
see “Setting the WordPerfect DTD Compiler preferences” on page 122.

Compiling a Document Type Definition (DTD)

When you compile a Document Type Definition (DTD), the WordPerfect
DTD Compiler reads the DTD you specify and creates a logic file (.LGC).
The logic file is incorporated into a WordPerfect template along with the
other required files you specify. WordPerfect then uses the information in the
template to validate your documents.

To compile a DTD

1 Click the Start button on the Windows taskbar, then click Programs,

WordPerfect Office 2000, Utilities, WordPerfect XML Project Designer.

2 Click File, DTD Compile.

3 Enable any of the following check boxes:

 Compile DTD As XML — specifies that the DTD be compiled as XML

 Interpret ‘-’ Character As [- Hyphen] — specifies that the ‘-’ character

is interpreted as a hyphen rather than a non-wrapping dash character

4 Locate the files in each of the following boxes:

14 WordPerfect 9 XML: Chapter 2

 DTD (Input) File — lets you specify the name and location of the DTD

file upon which the document structure is based

 WP Template (Output) File — lets you specify the name and location of

the WordPerfect template

 SGML Declaration File — lets you specify the name and location of the

SGML Declaration file. This box is not available when you are
compiling as XML.

 WP Char Mapping File — lets you specify the name and location of the

character mapping file. This box is not available when you are
compiling as XML.

5 Click the Compile button.

 The active catalog files specified in the Catalog File Manager

automatically appear in the Catalog Files box of the WordPerfect DTD
Compiler. Catalog files contain references to external information needed
to create the XML document.

 DTDs for SGML documents are stored as ASCII text files while DTDs for

XML documents are stored as UNICODE files.

Working with mapping files

When you compile a DTD, you must include mapping files if your XML or
SGML document contains information that is available only through external
entities references.

WordPerfect contains the following mapping files:

 WordPerfect character mapping files that map characters defined in the

DTD. This type of mapping file is not used when you compile a DTD as
XML.

 BASESET mapping files. This type of mapping file is not used when you

compile a DTD as XML.

 Catalog files.

The WordPerfect character mapping files and the BASESET mapping files
are located in the folder \PROGRAM FILES\COREL\WORDPERFECT
OFFICE 2000\XML\DTD\MAPFILES. The catalog files are located in the
\PROGRAM FILES\COREL\WORDPERFECT OFFICE 2000\XML\DTD
folder.

You can use these files directly, or you can use them as examples for creating
your own external mapping files.

Developing XML projects

15

Mapping WordPerfect characters to SGML entities

You can use a WordPerfect character mapping file to map WordPerfect
characters (also called Corel symbols) and certain WordPerfect function
codes to SGML entity names.

This character-mapping capability lets you place WordPerfect characters such
as á or ö in your documents. You do not have to replace these characters with
entity references when you save your documents. For example, if you map á
to the entity name aacute, you can insert an “á” into your documents. When
you save your documents to XML format, this character is output as the
entity reference áDT_.

If you do not use WordPerfect character mapping, you must replace all
non-ASCII WordPerfect Characters with their corresponding entity
references or enclose the characters in WP DATA codes.

Understanding WordPerfect character mapping

The WordPerfect character mapping file defines which WordPerfect
Characters correspond to the character entities defined in the DTD. The file
is in an ASCII format and contains one or more character mapping entries.
Each character mapping entry corresponds to a particular entity name in a
set of character entities and specifies the following two fields of information
in this order:

 Field 1: WordPerfect Character Number or WordPerfect Function Name

 Field 2: Entity Name

For example, here are three declarations from the public “Added Latin 1"
character set.

<!ENTITY aacute SDATA —small a, acute accent—>

<!ENTITY AELIg SDATA —capital AE diphthong
(ligature)—>

<!ENTITY ouml SDATA —small o, dieresis or umlaut—>

Here are the corresponding character mapping entries in a WordPerfect
character mapping file:

1,27 aacute —small a, acute accent—

1,36 AELig —capital AE diphthong (ligature)—

1,63 ouml —small o, dieresis or umlaut mark—

In this example, WordPerfect character 1,27
corresponds to the entity name aacute; DT_ character
1,36 corresponds to AElig; DT_ and so on.

16 WordPerfect 9 XML: Chapter 2

Character mapping entries and their individual fields may be separated by
any combination of spaces, tabs, carriage returns, line feeds, or SGML
comments.

WordPerfect function names

WordPerfect character mapping is used when compiling DTDs as SGML and
allows you to map entity names to the WordPerfect functions listed below. If
the DTD you are using references automatic ISO entity mapping for the
ISOnum set, the three entities listed in the ISO Entity Name column will
automatically be mapped to the associated WordPerfect function.

WordPerfect Function Mapping Name ISO Entity Name

[HPg] HARDPAGE --

[HSpace] HARDSPC nbsp

[- Hyphen] HYPHEN hyphen

[HyphSRt] HYPHSRT --

[- Soft Hyphen] SOFTHYPH Shy

Because XML is based on UNICODE, WordPerfect character mapping files
are not used when you compile DTDs as XML. The following WordPerfect
functions are automatically mapped to the UNICODE characters listed below.

WordPerfect Function UNICODE character

[HSpace] 0x00A0

[- Hyphen] 0x2010

[- Soft Hyphen] 0x00AD

Mapping 8-bit ASCII characters to WordPerfect characters

The CHARSET section in the SGML declaration provides a way to map 8-bit
ASCII characters (characters 129-255) to WordPerfect characters (also called
Corel symbols). If you map these characters, WordPerfect substitutes the
correct 8-bit ASCII character for a WordPerfect character when a document
is saved in SGML format. WordPerfect also substitutes the correct
WordPerfect character for the 8-bit ASCII character when you retrieve an
SGML file.

Developing XML projects

17

WordPerfect characters are mapped to the corresponding 8-bit characters
beginning in the BASESET and DESCSET portion of the SGML declaration.
The following is a sample BASESET section of an SGML declaration:

BASESET

“ISO Registration Number 100//CHARSET ECMA-94 Right Part of Latin
Alphabet Nr. 1//ESC 2/13 4/1"

DESCSET

128 32 UNUSED

160 94 160

254 1 255

255 1 UNUSED

The numbers in the third column of the DESCSET portion refer to character
positions in the specified BASESET. The BASESET must be mapped in the
catalog entry file as a PUBLIC entity of type CHARSET. This entity must be
in the form of a BASESET mapping file.

 The WordPerfect DTD Compiler does not allow the BASESET and

DESCSET portion of the SGML declaration to modify characters 0-127 in
the document character set. These characters are always declared as
defined in ISO 8879.

Entity files and mapping files included with WordPerfect

WordPerfect contains the following entity declaration files, WordPerfect
character mapping files, catalog entry files, and BASESET mapping files that
you can use with the WordPerfect DTD Compiler:

The SGML Entity Declaration files, the WordPerfect character mapping files,
and the BASESET Mapping files are located in the folder \PROGRAM
FILES\COREL\WORDPERFECT OFFICE 2000\XML\DTD\MAPFILES.
The catalog files are located in the \PROGRAM
FILES\COREL\WORDPERFECT OFFICE 2000\XML\DTD folder.

You can use these files directly or you can use them as examples for creating
your own external mapping files.

18 WordPerfect 9 XML: Chapter 2

SGML entity declaration files (*.ENT)

Use the ISO*.ENT files to access the public ISO character entity sets
described in section D.4 of the SGML standard, ISO 8879-1986(E). The
WP*.ENT files can be used to access the WordPerfect character entity sets
included with WordPerfect. You can use these files directly or as examples for
creating your own external entity files.

ISOAMSA.ENT ISOLAT1.ENT

ISOAMSB.ENT ISOLAT2.ENT

ISOAMSC.ENT ISONUM.ENT

ISOAMSN.ENT ISOPUB.ENT

ISOAMSO.ENT ISOTECH.ENT

ISOAMSR.ENT WPSET1.ENT

ISOBOX.ENT WPSET3.ENT

ISOCYR1.ENT WPSET4.ENT

ISOCYR2.ENT WPSET5.ENT

ISODIA.ENT WPSET6.ENT

ISOGRK1.ENT WPSET7.ENT

ISOGRK2.ENT WPSET8.ENT

ISOGRK3.ENT WPSET9.ENT

ISOGRK4.ENT

WordPerfect character mapping files (*.WPC)

The *.WPC files contain the WordPerfect character entity sets and ISO
character entity sets. You can use these files directly or as examples for
creating your own WordPerfect character entity sets.

Allchars.wpc Isodia.wpc

Iso8879.wpc Isogrk1.wpc

Isoamsa.wpc Isogrk2.wpc

Isoamsb.wpc Isogrk3.wpc

Isoamsc.wpc Isogrk4.wpc

Isoamsn.wpc Isolat2.wpc

Isoamso.wpc Isonum.wpc

Isoamsr.wpc Isopub.wpc

Developing XML projects

19

Isobox.wpc Isotech.wpc

Isocyr1.wpc Wpchars.wpc

Isocyr2.wpc

Catalog files (.CAT)

IMPORT.CAT

COMPILE.CAT

BASESET mapping files (*.SET)

BASESET mapping files are activated in an SGML declaration and are not
used in XML. A BASESET mapping file is an ASCII file that describes a
BASESET of characters in terms of WordPerfect Characters. This file
contains one or more BASESET mapping entries. Each BASESET mapping
entry corresponds to a particular character in the BASESET being described
and specifies the following two fields of information:

 The decimal number representing the character’s position in the

BASESET.

 The character set and character number of the WordPerfect character that

most closely matches the BASESET character.

For example, the following three entries are from ECMA94.SET, the
BASESET mapping file describing the ECMA-94 Latin 1 BASESET:

161 4,7

162 4,19 —Cent—

163 4,11

Any character not described by a BASESET mapping entry is assumed to be
mapped to WordPerfect character 0,0 and is considered UNUSED.

BASESET mapping entries and their individual fields may be separated by
any combination of spaces, tabs, carriage returns, line feeds, or SGML
comments.

You can use the *.SET files (BASESET mapping files) to map 8-bit ASCII
characters to WordPerfect Characters (also called Corel Symbols). The
CP*.SET files correspond to IBM code pages. ECMA94.SET corresponds to
the ECMA-94 Latin 1 BASESET defined by the European Computer

20 WordPerfect 9 XML: Chapter 2

—Inverted

Exclamation Point—

—Pound/Sterling—

Manufacturers Associations and used in the sample SGML declaration in ISO

8879.

CP333.SET CP8601.SET

CP437.SET CP861.SET

CP850.SET CP863.SET

CP851.SET CP865.SET

CP8510.SET CP866.SET

CP852.SET CP8660.SET

CP853.SET CP895.SET

CP860.SET CP897.SET

CP8600.SET ECMA94.SET

 If a WordPerfect character is mapped to both a BASESET character and an

entity name, the BASESET mapping will take precedence when a
document is validated or saved to SGML. In other words, the WordPerfect
character is treated as an 8-bit SGML character rather than an entity
reference.

Defining the layout for an XML document

You use the WordPerfect XML Project Designer to define one or more
layouts for an XML document by creating element rules that associate
formatting with each element in your document. This determines how an
XML document displays and prints.

WordPerfect includes several sample template files with a defined layout. You
can use these template files and the associated layouts, or you can use them
as examples for creating your own templates and layouts.

The sample templates are installed in the \PROGRAM
FILES\COREL\WORDPERFECT OFFICE 2000\TEMPLATE\CUSTOM WP
TEMPLATES\XML folder.

You can associate as many as ten layout files with an XML document so that
you can change the look of a document without changing the actual XML
markup.

When you work with layout files, you can

 create a generic layout that makes it easier to read XML documents in the

WordPerfect XML Editor

Developing XML projects

21

 format an XML document by creating a new document layout

 copy element rules from one layout file to another

 choose and apply layout files

 edit layout files

 edit and move formatting codes

 If you associate a new layout file with an existing XML document that

contains elements that are not defined in the current WordPerfect
template, these elements appear as unknown elements in the Element list
(for example, [Unknown] Memo). Elements with invalid parent elements,
attributes, or attribute values appear as invalid elements in the Element
list (for example, [Invalid]).

Creating a generic layout

You can create a generic layout that makes it easier to read XML documents
in the WordPerfect XML Editor. For example, when the following XML
document:

<Book><Chapter><Title>Learning about the World Wide
Web<\Title><Para>You will find a lot of information on the World Wide
Web</Para><Para>It is <emphasis>really</emphasis>
cool!</Para></Chapter></Book>

is displayed in the WordPerfect XML Editor with a generic layout, it appears
as:

<Book>

<Chapter>

<Title>Learning about the World Wide Web<\Title>

<Para>You will find a lot of information on the World Wide Web</Para>

<Para>It is <emphasis>really</emphasis> cool!</Para>

</Chapter>

</Book>

To create a generic layout

1 Create an XML document.

2 Click the XML button on the Property Bar, then choose Edit Layout.

22 WordPerfect 9 XML: Chapter 2

3 Click Tools, Create Generic Rules.

4 Click File, Save.

5 Type a name for the generic layout in the Layout Name box, then click the

Save button.

6 Click File, Exit.

 If the Save command is unavailable, click File, Save As. The XML

document already has a layout file associated with it.

 You must save the XML document with the new generic layout and

reopen the XML document in the WordPerfect XML Editor to see the
changes.

 You can also create a generic layout when you create an XML document

using the wizard.

 You can also access the WordPerfect XML Project Designer by clicking

the Edit Layout button.

Creating a new document layout

You can create a new layout for an XML document without changing the
XML markup. You must open or define an XML project before creating a new
document layout.

To create a new document layout

1 In the WordPerfect XML Project Designer, click File, New, Layout.

2 Click the Elements button on the Property Bar, then choose an element.

3 Format the element.

For more information, see “Formatting XML documents” on page 53.

4 Repeat steps 2 and 3 until all the elements you require are in the Edit

Rule List box.

 You can also create a new document layout by clicking the Layout button.

Developing XML projects

23

Copying layout definitions from one layout file to another

You can quickly create new layout files by copying element rules that
associate formatting with each element in an XML document from one layout
file to another.

To copy layout definitions from one layout file to another

1 In the WordPerfect XML Project Designer, open an existing layout file.

2 Click File, Retrieve.

3 Choose the Category and Project from the Categories/Projects list box.

4 Type the name of the WordPerfect template in the File Name box.

5 Click the Retrieve button.

 To add the Retrieve button to the toolbar, click Tools, Settings, Toolbar

Edit. From the File category, choose Retrieve, then click the Add button.

Choosing a layout and applying it to an XML document

You can select a layout and apply it to your document. You must have an XML
document opened to access the XML button on the Property Bar.

To select a layout and apply it to an XML document

1 In WordPerfect, click the XML button on the Property Bar, then click

Layouts.

2 Choose a layout from the Layouts box, then click the Select button.

Editing a document layout

You can define or modify element rules that associate formatting with each
element in an XML document. You must have an XML document opened to
access the XML button on the Property Bar.

To edit a document layout

1 In WordPerfect, click the XML button on the Property Bar, then click Edit

Layout.

2 Double-click the layout file you want to edit.

3 Choose an element from the Elements list box, then click Edit, Edit Rule.

24 WordPerfect 9 XML: Chapter 2

4 Define a format of the element.

For more information, see “Formatting XML documents” on page 53.

 You can also access the WordPerfect XML Project Designer from

WordPerfect by clicking the Edit Layout button on the toolbar.

 You can also open a layout file in the WordPerfect XML Project Designer

using the File, Open command.

Editing, moving, and deleting formatting codes

Formatting codes are applied to the selected element in the order that they
appear in the Rule Entry boxes of the WordPerfect XML Project Designer.
You can change this order by moving formatting codes up or down. You
cannot edit all formatting codes.

To edit formatting codes

1 In the WordPerfect XML Project Designer, open or create an XML

project.

2 Choose an element from the Element Rule List box, then click Edit, Edit

Rule.

3 Choose the code you want to edit from the Rule Entry For Start Tag box,

the Rule Entry For End Tag (Before Revert) box, or the Rule Entry For
End Tag (After Revert) box.

4 Click the Edit Rule button.

5 Make your changes.

 You can also edit a formatting code by double-clicking on the code or by

choosing the formatting code and clicking the Edit Entry button.

To move formatting codes

1 In the WordPerfect XML Project Designer, open or create an XML

project.

2 Choose an element from the Element Rule List box, then click Edit, Edit

Rule.

Developing XML projects

25

3 Choose the code you want to move from the Rule Entry For Start Tag box,

the Rule Entry For End Tag (Before Revert) box, or the Rule Entry For
End Tag (After Revert) box.

4 Click one of the following buttons:

 Move Up — moves the code up one place in the list

 Move Down — moves the code down one place in the list

To delete formatting codes

1 Choose a formatting code from the Rule Entry For Start Tag box, the Rule

Entry For End Tag (Before Revert) box, or the Rule Entry For End Tag
(After Revert) box.

2 Click the Delete Entry button.

Exiting the WordPerfect XML Project Designer

When you exit the WordPerfect XML Project Designer, you are prompted to
save changes to the project file unless there have been no changes since the
last time you saved it.

To exit the WordPerfect XML Project Designer

 Click File, Exit.

 To add the Exit button to the toolbar, click Tools, Settings, Toolbar Edit. In

the File categories, select Exit, then click Add Button.

26 WordPerfect 9 XML: Chapter 2

WORKING WITH CATALOG

FILES 3

Catalog files provide a method for locating external information referenced
from a DTD or document. DTDs reference information such as markup
declarations for elements, entities, and attributes. Documents often
reference external blocks of text, or non-textual information such as graphics
and sound.

The format of the catalog file is defined by the Organization for the
Advancement of Structured Information Standards (OASIS). The most
common catalog file entries map a PUBLIC or SYSTEM identifier to a file on
your system. WordPerfect 9 uses the proprietary keywords WPT_PUBLIC,
WPT_SYSTEM and WPT_ROOT to locate the appropriate WordPerfect
template file using the information from a document’s DOCTYPE
declaration.

For more information about catalog files, see the following:

 “What is a catalog file” on page 28

 “Learning about catalog entries and proprietary catalog entry types” on

page 28

 “Performing a catalog lookup” on page 35

 “How the WordPerfect DTD Compiler uses catalog files” on page 38

 “How WordPerfect 9 uses catalog files” on page 38

Working with catalog files 27

What is a catalog file?

A catalog file is a text file that links an entity’s name or external identifier to
a filename on a particular system. When an SGML or XML processor
encounters an external entity reference in a DTD or document instance, it
must have a way to locate the entity’s content. The catalog file provides an
application-independent way to map a PUBLIC or SYSTEM identifier to the
actual file containing an entity’s content.

The format of a catalog file is defined by the Organization for the
Advancement of Structured Information Standards (OASIS), an industry
consortium formerly known as SGML Open. For more information, see the
OASIS Technical Resolution on “Entity Management” at
http://www.oasis-open.org/html/a401.htm on the OASIS web site.

Learning about Catalog Entries

A catalog file consists of one or more catalog entries. The catalog file format
defines the following catalog entry types:

PUBLIC

The PUBLIC catalog entry type is the one most commonly used. It maps a
public identifier to a filename. For example:

PUBLIC “ISO 8879:1986//ENTITIES Added Latin 1//EN”

“isolat1.ent”

This catalog entry would match an entity declared and referenced in the
following manner:

<!ENTITY % ISOlat1 PUBLIC “ISO 8879:1986//ENTITIES Added Latin

1//EN”>

%ISOlat1;

A catalog entry of type PUBLIC may also be used to match the public
identifier associated with the BASESET, CAPACITY, and SYNTAX portions
of an SGML declaration, and with the public identifier (if any) specified in a
DOCTYPE declaration.

ENTITY

The ENTITY catalog entry type maps an entity name to a filename. For
example:

ENTITY “%WPtable”

“wptable.dtd”

28 WordPerfect 9 XML: Chapter 3

This catalog entry would match an entity declared and referenced in the
following manner:

<!ENTITY % WPtable SYSTEM>

%WPtable;

The ENTITY catalog entry type is used for entities that are declared as
“external” by virtue of the SYSTEM keyword, but for which no explicit
system identifier is provided.

Notice that the entity name present in the catalog entry begins with the ‘%’
character. This catalog entry will only match a parameter entity with the
name “WPtable”. The corresponding catalog entry for a general entity with
the same name would omit the leading ‘%’ character:

ENTITY “WPtable”

“wptable.dtd”

SYSTEM

The SYSTEM catalog entry type maps a system identifier to a filename. For
example:

SYSTEM “mychars.ent”

“c:\MyFiles\mychars.ent”

This catalog entry would match an entity declared and referenced in the
following manner:

<!ENTITY % FunChars SYSTEM “mychars.ent”>

%FunChars;

A catalog entry of type SYSTEM may also be used to match the system
identifier (if any) specified in a DOCTYPE declaration.

 A matching SYSTEM catalog entry takes precedence over a matching

PUBLIC or ENTITY catalog entry. For example, an external entity is
declared and referenced as follows:

<!ENTITY % ISOlat1 PUBLIC “ISO 8879:1986//ENTITIES Added Latin

1//EN” “junk.ent”>

%ISOlat1;

And, the following catalog entries existed in the catalog file:

PUBLIC “ISO 8879:1986//ENTITIES Added Latin 1//EN”

Working with catalog files

29

“isolat1.ent”

ENTITY “%ISOlat1"

“isolat1.txt”

SYSTEM “junk.ent”

“c:\autoexec.bat”

Although all three catalog entries match the information from the entity
declaration, the SYSTEM catalog entry has the highest priority. Thus, the
application will try to process the “autoexec.bat” file in place of the
%ISOlat1; reference.

DOCTYPE

The DOCTYPE catalog entry type maps the document type name found in a
document type declaration to a filename. For example:

DOCTYPE “book”

“book.dtd”

This catalog entry would match the external subset referenced in the
following manner:

<!DOCTYPE book SYSTEM>

 The external identifier may also include explicit public and/or system

identifiers, in which case the DOCTYPE entry would only be tested after
searching for a matching SYSTEM entry and PUBLIC entry.

Partially supported catalog entry types

The following catalog entry types are not currently used in WordPerfect 9:

 NOTATION

 LINKTYPE

 SGMLDECL

 DTDDECL

 DOCUMENT

 DELEGATE

 CATALOG

30 WordPerfect 9 XML: Chapter 3