Comtrend NL-3111U Users Manual

6.3 MAC Filter

This option allows access to the router to be restricted based upon MAC addresses. To add a MAC Address filter, click the Add button shown below. To delete a filter, select it from the MAC Address table below and click the Remove button.

Option Description

Select

SSID

MAC

Restrict

Mode

MAC

Address

After clicking the Add button, the following screen appears. Input the MAC address in the box provided and click Save/Apply.

Select the wireless network name from the drop-down box. SSID stands for Service Set Identifier. All stations must be configured with the correct SSID to access the WLAN. If the SSID does not match, that user will not be granted access.

Disabled: MAC filtering is disabled. Allow: Permits access for the specified MAC addresses. Deny: Rejects access for the specified MAC addresses.

Lists the MAC addresses subject to the MAC Restrict Mode. A maximum of 60 MAC addresses can be added. Every network device has a unique 48-bit MAC address. This is usually shown as xx.xx.xx.xx.xx.xx, where xx are hexadecimal numbers.

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6.4 Wireless Bridge

This screen allows for the configuration of wireless bridge features of the WLAN interface. See the table beneath for detailed explanations of the various options.

Click Save/Apply to implement new configuration settings.

Feature Description

AP Mode Selecting Wireless Bridge (aka Wireless Distribution System)

disables Access Point (AP) functionality, while selecting Access Point enables AP functionality. In Access Point mode, wireless bridge functionality will still be available and wireless stations will be able to associate to the AP.

Bridge Restrict Selecting Disabled disables wireless bridge restriction, which

means that any wireless bridge will be granted access. Selecting Enabled or Enabled (Scan) enables wireless bridge restriction. Only those bridges selected in the Remote Bridges list will be granted access. Click Refresh to update the station list when Bridge Restrict is enabled.

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6.5 Advanced

The Advanced screen allows you to configure advanced features of the wireless LAN interface. You can select a particular channel on which to operate, force the transmission rate to a particular speed, set the fragmentation threshold, set the RTS threshold, set the wakeup interval for clients in power-save mode, set the beacon interval for the access point, set XPress mode and set whether short or long preambles are used. Click Save/Apply to set new advanced wireless options.

Field Description

Band Set to 2.4 GHz for compatibility with IEEE 802.11x

standards. The new amendment allows IEEE 802.11n units to fall back to slower speeds so that legacy IEEE 802.11x devices can coexist in the same network. IEEE 802.11g creates data-rate parity at 2.4 GHz with the IEEE 802.11a standard, which has a 54 Mbps rate at 5 GHz. (IEEE 802.11a has other differences compared to IEEE 802.11b or g, such

as offering more channels.) Channel Drop-down menu that allows selection of a specific channel. Auto Channel Timer (min) Auto channel scan timer in minutes (0 to disable)

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Field Description

802.11n/EWC An equipment interoperability standard setting based on

IEEE 802.11n Draft 2.0 and Enhanced Wireless Consortium

(EWC) Bandwidth Select 20GHz or 40GHz bandwidth. 40GHz bandwidth uses

two adjacent 20GHz bands for increased data throughput. Control Sideband Select Upper or Lower sideband when in 40GHz mode.

802.11n Rate Set the physical transmission rate (PHY).

802.11n Protection Turn Off for maximized throughput.

Turn On for greater security. RIFS Advertisement Reduced Interframe Space is the creation of a short time

delay between PDUs to improve wireless efficiency. OBSS Co-Existence Co-existence between 20 MHZ AND 40 MHZ overlapping

Basic Service Set (OBSS) in WLAN. RX Chain Power Save Enabling this feature turns off one of the Receive chains,

going from 2x2 to 2x1 to save power. RX Chain Power Save

Quiet Time

RX Chain Power Save PPS The maximum number of packets per seconds that can be

Support 802.11n Client Only

54g Rate Drop-down menu that specifies the following fixed rates:

Multicast Rate Setting for multicast packet transmit rate (1-54 Mbps) Basic Rate Setting for basic transmission rate. Fragmentation Threshold A threshold, specified in bytes, that determines whether

RTS Threshold Request to Send, when set in bytes, specifies the packet size

The number of seconds the traffic must be below the PPS

value below before the Rx Chain Power Save feature

activates itself.

processed by the WLAN interface for a duration of Quiet

Time, described above, before the Rx Chain Power Save

feature activates itself.

Turn Off to allow 802.11b/g clients access to the router.

Turn On to prohibit 802.11b/g clients access to the router.

Auto: Default. Uses the 11 Mbps data rate when possible

but drops to lower rates when necessary. 1 Mbps, 2Mbps,

5.5Mbps, or 11Mbps fixed rates. The appropriate setting is

dependent on signal strength.

packets will be fragmented and at what size. On an 802.11

WLAN, packets that exceed the fragmentation threshold are

fragmented, i.e., split into, smaller units suitable for the

circuit size. Packets smaller than the specified

fragmentation threshold value are not fragmented. Enter a

value between 256 and 2346. If you experience a high

packet error rate, try to slightly increase your

Fragmentation Threshold. The value should remain at its

default setting of 2346. Setting the Fragmentation

Threshold too low may result in poor performance.

beyond which the WLAN Card invokes its RTS/CTS

mechanism. Packets that exceed the specified RTS

threshold trigger the RTS/CTS mechanism. The NIC

transmits smaller packet without using RTS/CTS. The

default setting of 2347 (maximum length) disables RTS

Threshold.

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Field Description

DTIM Interval Delivery Traffic Indication Message (DTIM) is also known as

Beacon Rate. The entry range is a value between 1 and

65535. A DTIM is a countdown variable that informs clients

of the next window for listening to broadcast and multicast

messages. When the AP has buffered broadcast or

multicast messages for associated clients, it sends the next

DTIM with a DTIM Interval value. AP Clients hear the

beacons and awaken to receive the broadcast and multicast

messages. The default is 1. Beacon Interval The amount of time between beacon transmissions in

milliseconds. The default is 100 ms and the acceptable

range is 1 – 65535. The beacon transmissions identify the

presence of an access point. By default, network devices

passively scan all RF channels listening for beacons coming

from access points. Before a station enters power save

mode, the station needs the beacon interval to know when

to wake up to receive the beacon (and learn whether there

are buffered frames at the access point). Global Max Clients The maximum number of clients that can connect to the

router. Xpress

Transmit Power Set the power output (by percentage) as desired. WMM (Wi-Fi Multimedia) The technology maintains the priority of audio, video and

WMM No Acknowledgement

WMM APSD This is Automatic Power Save Delivery. It saves power.

Technology Xpress Technology is compliant with draft specifications of

two planned wireless industry standards.

voice applications in a Wi-Fi network. It allows multimedia

service get higher priority.

Refers to the acknowledge policy used at the MAC level.

Enabling no Acknowledgement can result in more efficient

throughput but higher error rates in a noisy Radio Frequency

(RF) environment.

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6.6 Station Info

This page shows authenticated wireless stations and their status. Click the Refresh button to update the list of stations in the WLAN.

Consult the table below for descriptions of each column heading.

Heading Description

MAC Lists the MAC address of all the stations. Associated Lists all the stations that are associated with the Access

Point, along with the amount of time since packets were transferred to and from each station. If a station is idle for too long, it is

removed from this list. Authorized Lists those devices with authorized access. SSID Lists which SSID of the modem that the stations connect to. Interface Lists which interface of the modem that the stations connect to.

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Chapter 7 Diagnostics

The first Diagnostics screen is a dashboard that shows overall connection status. If a test displays a fail status, click the button to retest and confirm the error. If a test continues to fail, click Help and follow the troubleshooting procedures.

The second Diagnostics screen (Fault Management) is used for VDSL diagnostics.

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Chapter 8 Management

8.1 Settings

This includes 8.1.1 Backup Settings, 8.1.2 Update Settings, and 8.1.3 Restore Default screens.

8.1.1 Backup Settings

To save the current configuration to a file on your PC, click Backup Settings. You will be prompted for backup file location. This file can later be used to recover settings on the Update Settings screen, as described below.

8.1.2 Update Settings

This option recovers configuration files previously saved using Backup Settings. Enter the file name (including folder path) in the Settings File Name box, or press Browse… to search for the file, then click Update Settings to recover settings.

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8.1.3 Restore Default

Click Restore Default Settings to restore factory default settings.

After Restore Default Settings is clicked, the following screen appears.

Close the browser and wait for 2 minutes before reopening it. It may also be necessary, to reconfigure your PC IP configuration to match any new settings.

NOTE: This entry has the same effect as the Reset button. The NEXUSLINK

3111u board hardware and the boot loader support the reset to default. If the Reset button is continuously pressed for more than 5 seconds, the boot loader will erase the configuration data saved in flash memory.

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8.2 System Log

This function allows a system log to be kept and viewed upon request. Follow the steps below to configure, enable, and view the system log.

STEP 1: Click Configure System Log, as shown below (circled in Red).

STEP 2: Select desired options and click Apply/Save.

Consult the table below for detailed descriptions of each system log option.

Option Description

Log Indicates whether the system is currently recording events. The user

can enable or disable event logging. By default, it is disabled. To enable it, select the Enable radio button and then click Apply/Save.

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Option Description

Log Level

Display Level

Mode Allows you to specify whether events should be stored in the local

STEP 3: Click View System Log. The results are displayed as follows.

Allows you to configure the event level and filter out unwanted events below this level. The events ranging from the highest critical level “Emergency” down to this configured level will be recorded to the log buffer on the NEXUSLINK 3111u SDRAM. When the log buffer is full, the newer event will wrap up to the top of the log buffer and overwrite the old event. By default, the log level is “Debugging”, which is the lowest critical level.

The log levels are defined as follows:

• Emergency = system is unusable

• Alert = action must be taken immediately

• Critical = critical conditions

• Error = Error conditions

• Warning = normal but significant condition

• Notice= normal but insignificant condition

• Informational= provides information for reference

• Debugging = debug-level messages

Emergency is the most serious event level, whereas Debugging is the least important. For instance, if the log level is set to Debugging, all the events from the lowest Debugging level to the most critical level Emergency level will be recorded. If the log level is set to Error, only Error and the level above will be logged.

Allows the user to select the logged events and displays on the View System Log window for events of this level and above to the highest Emergency level.

memory, or be sent to a remote system log server, or both simultaneously. If remote mode is selected, view system log will not be able to display events saved in the remote system log server. When either Remote mode or Both mode is configured, the WEB UI will prompt the user to enter the Server IP address and Server UDP port.

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8.3 SNMP Agent

Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) allows a management application to retrieve statistics and status from the SNMP agent in this device. Select the Enable radio button, configure options, and click Save/Apply to activate SNMP.

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8.4 TR-069 Client

WAN Management Protocol (TR-069) allows an Auto-Configuration Server (ACS) to perform auto-configuration, provision, collection, and diagnostics to this device. Select desired values and click Apply/Save to configure TR-069 client options.

The table below is provided for ease of reference.

Option Description

Inform Disable/Enable TR-069 client on the CPE. Inform Interval The duration in seconds of the interval for which the CPE

MUST attempt to connect with the ACS and call the Inform method.

ACS URL URL for the CPE to connect to the ACS using the CPE WAN

Management Protocol. This parameter MUST be in the form of a valid HTTP or HTTPS URL. An HTTPS URL indicates that the ACS supports SSL. The “host” portion of this URL is used by the CPE for validating the certificate from the ACS when using certificate-based authentication.

ACS User Name Username used to authenticate the CPE when making a

connection to the ACS using the CPE WAN Management Protocol. This username is used only for HTTP-based authentication of the CPE.

ACS Password Password used to authenticate the CPE when making a

connection to the ACS using the CPE WAN Management Protocol. This password is used only for HTTP-based authentication of the CPE.

WAN Interface used by TR-069 client

Choose Any_WAN, LAN, Loopback or a configured connection.

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Option Description

Display SOAP messages on serial console

Connection Request Authorization User Name Username used to authenticate an ACS making a

Password Password used to authenticate an ACS making a

URL IP address and port the ACS uses to connect to NEXUSLINK

The Get RPC Methods button forces the CPE to establish an immediate connection to the ACS. This may be used to discover the set of methods supported by the ACS or CPE. This list may include both standard TR-069 methods (those defined in this specification or a subsequent version) and vendor-specific methods. The receiver of the response MUST ignore any unrecognized methods.

Enable/Disable SOAP messages on serial console. This option is used for advanced troubleshooting of the device.

Tick the checkbox þ to enable.

Connection Request to the CPE.

3111u.

8.5 Internet Time

This option automatically synchronizes the router time with Internet timeservers. To enable time synchronization, tick the corresponding checkbox þ, choose your preferred time server(s), select the correct time zone offset, and click Save/Apply.

NOTE: Internet Time must be activated to use Parental Control.

In addition, this menu item is not displayed when in Bridge mode since the router would not be able to connect to the NTP timeserver.

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8.6 Access Control

8.6.1 Passwords

This screen is used to configure the user account access passwords for the device. Access to the NEXUSLINK 3111u is controlled through the following three user accounts:

• root - unrestricted access to change and view the configuration.

• support - used for remote maintenance and diagnostics of the router

• user - can view configuration settings & statistics and update firmware.

Use the fields below to change password settings. Click Save/Apply to continue.

NOTE: Passwords can be up to 16 characters in length.

8.7 Update Software

This option allows for firmware upgrades from a locally stored file.

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STEP 1: Obtain an updated software image file from your ISP. STEP 2: Enter the path and filename of the firmware image file in the Software

File Name field or click the Browse button to locate the image file.

STEP 3: Click the Update Software button once to upload and install the file.

NOTE: The update process will take about 2 minutes to complete. The device

will reboot and the browser window will refresh to the default screen upon successful installation. It is recommended that you compare the Software Version on the Chapter 4 Device Information screen with the firmware version installed, to confirm the installation was successful.

8.8 Reboot

To save the current configuration and reboot the router, click Save/Reboot.

NOTE: You may need to close the browser window and wait for 2 minutes before

reopening it. It may also be necessary, to reset your PC IP configuration.

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Appendix A - Firewall

STATEFUL PACKET INSPECTION

Refers to an architecture, where the firewall keeps track of packets on each connection traversing all its interfaces and makes sure they are valid. This is in contrast to static packet filtering which only examines a packet based on the information in the packet header.

DENIAL OF SERVICE ATTACK

Is an incident in which a user or organization is deprived of the services of a resource they would normally expect to have. Various DoS attacks the device can withstand are ARP Attack, Ping Attack, Ping of Death, Land, SYN Attack, Smurf Attack, and Tear Drop.

TCP/IP/PORT/INTERFACE FILTER

These rules help in the filtering of traffic at the Network layer (i.e. Layer 3). When a Routing interface is created, Enable Firewall must be checked. Navigate to Advanced Setup à Security à IP Filtering.

OUTGOING IP FILTER

Helps in setting rules to DROP packets from the LAN interface. By default, if the Firewall is Enabled, all IP traffic from the LAN is allowed. By setting up one or more filters, specific packet types coming from the LAN can be dropped.

Example 1: Filter Name : Out_Filter1

Protocol : TCP Source IP address : 192.168.1.45 Source Subnet Mask : 255.255.255.0 Source Port : 80 Dest. IP Address : NA Dest. Subnet Mask : NA Dest. Port : NA

This filter will Drop all TCP packets coming from the LAN with IP Address/Subnet Mask of 192.168.1.45/24 having a source port of 80 irrespective of the destination. All other packets will be Accepted.

Example 2: Filter Name : Out_Filter2

Protocol : UDP Source IP Address : 192.168.1.45 Source Subnet Mask : 255.255.255.0 Source Port : 5060:6060 Dest. IP Address : 172.16.13.4 Dest. Subnet Mask : 255.255.255.0 Dest. Port : 6060:7070

This filter will drop all UDP packets coming from the LAN with IP Address / Subnet Mask of 192.168.1.45/24 and a source port range of 5060 to 6060, destined to 172.16.13.4/24 and a destination port range of 6060 to 7070.

INCOMING IP FILTER

Helps in setting rules to Allow or Deny packets from the WAN interface. By default, all incoming IP traffic from the WAN is Blocked, if the Firewall is Enabled. By setting up one or more filters, specific packet types coming from the WAN can be Accepted.

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Example 1: Filter Name : In_Filter1

Protocol : TCP Policy : Allow Source IP Address : 210.168.219.45 Source Subnet Mask : 255.255.0.0 Source Port : 80 Dest. IP Address : NA Dest. Subnet Mask : NA Dest. Port : NA Selected WAN interface : br0

This filter will ACCEPT all TCP packets coming from WAN interface “br0” with IP Address/Subnet Mask 210.168.219.45/16 with a source port of 80, irrespective of the destination. All other incoming packets on this interface are DROPPED.

Example 2: Filter Name : In_Filter2

Protocol : UDP Policy : Allow Source IP Address : 210.168.219.45 Source Subnet Mask : 255.255.0.0 Source Port : 5060:6060 Dest. IP Address : 192.168.1.45 Dest. Sub. Mask : 255.255.255.0 Dest. Port : 6060:7070 Selected WAN interface : br0

This rule will ACCEPT all UDP packets coming from WAN interface “br0” with IP Address/Subnet Mask 210.168.219.45/16 and a source port in the range of 5060 to 6060, destined to 192.168.1.45/24 and a destination port in the range of 6060 to 7070. All other incoming packets on this interface are DROPPED.

MAC LAYER FILTER

These rules help in the filtering of Layer 2 traffic. MAC Filtering is only effective in Bridge mode. After a Bridge mode connection is created, navigate to Advanced Setup à Security à MAC Filtering in the WUI.

Example 1: Global Policy : Forwarded

Protocol Type : PPPoE Dest. MAC Address : 00:12:34:56:78:90 Source MAC Address : NA Src. Interface : eth1 Dest. Interface : eth2

Addition of this rule drops all PPPoE frames going from eth1 to eth2 with a Destination MAC Address of 00:12:34:56:78:90 irrespective of its Source MAC Address. All other frames on this interface are forwarded.

Example 2: Global Policy : Blocked

Protocol Type : PPPoE Dest. MAC Address : 00:12:34:56:78:90 Source MAC Address : 00:34:12:78:90:56 Src. Interface : eth1 Dest. Interface : eth2

Addition of this rule forwards all PPPoE frames going from eth1 to eth2 with a Destination MAC Address of 00:12:34:56:78 and Source MAC Address of 00:34:12:78:90:56. All other frames on this interface are dropped.

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DAYTIME PARENTAL CONTROL

This feature restricts access of a selected LAN device to an outside Network through the NEXUSLINK 3111u, as per chosen days of the week and the chosen times.

Example: User Name : FilterJohn

Browser's MAC Address : 00:25:46:78:63:21 Days of the Week : Mon, Wed, Fri Start Blocking Time : 14:00 End Blocking Time : 18:00

With this rule, a LAN device with MAC Address of 00:25:46:78:63:21 will have no access to the WAN on Mondays, Wednesdays, and Fridays, from 2pm to 6pm. On all other days and times, this device will have access to the outside Network.

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Comtrend NL-3111U Users Manual

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual