Casio FX-9860GII, FX-9860GI User Manual

fx-9860GII SD fx-9860GII fx-9860G AU PLUS

fx-9860G Slim

(Updated to OS 2.00)

fx-9860G SD (Updated to OS 2.00) fx-9860G (Updated to OS 2.00) fx-9860G AU (Updated to OS 2.00)

I[*ɉ I[*ɉ

Software Version 2.00

User’s Guide

CASIO Worldwide Education Website

http://edu.casio.com

CASIO EDUCATIONAL FORUM

http://edu.casio.com/forum/

• The contents of this user’s guide are subject to change without notice.

• No part of this user’s guide may be reproduced in any form without the express written consent of the manufacturer.

• The options described in Chapter 13 of this user’s guide may not be available in certain geographic areas. For full details on availability in your area, contact your nearest CASIO dealer or distributor.

• Be sure to keep all user documentation handy for future reference.

Getting Acquainted — Read This First!

Chapter 1 Basic Operation

1. Keys .............................................................................................................................. 1-1

2. Display .......................................................................................................................... 1-2

3. Inputting and Editing Calculations................................................................................. 1-5

4. Using the Math Input/Output Mode ............................................................................. 1-10

5. Option (OPTN) Menu .................................................................................................. 1-22

6. Variable Data (VARS) Menu ....................................................................................... 1-23

7. Program (PRGM) Menu ............................................................................................. 1-25

8. Using the Setup Screen .............................................................................................. 1-26

9. Using Screen Capture................................................................................................. 1-29

10. When you keep having problems… ........................................................................... 1-30

Chapter 2 Manual Calculations

1. Basic Calculations......................................................................................................... 2-1

2. Special Functions.......................................................................................................... 2-6

3. Specifying the Angle Unit and Display Format............................................................ 2-10

4. Function Calculations.................................................................................................. 2-11

5. Numerical Calculations ............................................................................................... 2-21

6. Complex Number Calculations.................................................................................... 2-30

7. Binary, Octal, Decimal, and Hexadecimal Calculations with Integers......................... 2-33

8. Matrix Calculations...................................................................................................... 2-36

9. Mertic Conversion Calculations................................................................................... 2-48

Chapter 3 List Function

1. Inputting and Editing a List............................................................................................ 3-1

2. Manipulating List Data................................................................................................... 3-5

3. Arithmetic Calculations Using Lists ............................................................................. 3-10

4. Switching Between List Files....................................................................................... 3-13

Chapter 4 Equation Calculations

1. Simultaneous Linear Equations .................................................................................... 4-1

2. High-order Equations from 2nd to 6th Degree .............................................................. 4-2

3. Solve Calculations......................................................................................................... 4-4

Chapter 5 Graphing

1. Sample Graphs .............................................................................................................5-1

2. Controlling What Appears on a Graph Screen.............................................................. 5-2

3. Drawing a Graph ........................................................................................................... 5-6

4. Storing a Graph in Picture Memory............................................................................. 5-10

5. Drawing Two Graphs on the Same Screen................................................................. 5-11

6. Manual Graphing......................................................................................................... 5-12

7. Using Tables ...............................................................................................................5-15

8. Dynamic Graphing ...................................................................................................... 5-20

9. Graphing a Recursion Formula ................................................................................... 5-22

10. Graphing a Conic Section ...........................................................................................5-27

11. Changing the Appearance of a Graph ........................................................................ 5-27

12. Function Analysis ........................................................................................................ 5-29

Chapter 6 Statistical Graphs and Calculations

1. Before Performing Statistical Calculations .................................................................... 6-1

2. Calculating and Graphing Single-Variable Statistical Data ...........................................6-4

3. Calculating and Graphing Paired-Variable Statistical Data ........................................... 6-9

4. Performing Statistical Calculations .............................................................................. 6-15

5. Tests ........................................................................................................................... 6-22

6. Confidence Interval ..................................................................................................... 6-35

7. Distribution ..................................................................................................................6-38

8. Input and Output Terms of Tests, Confidence Interval, and Distribution .................... 6-50

9. Statistic Formula ......................................................................................................... 6-53

Chapter 7 Financial Calculation (TVM)

1. Before Performing Financial Calculations ..................................................................... 7-1

2. Simple Interest .............................................................................................................. 7-2

3. Compound Interest ........................................................................................................ 7-3

4. Cash Flow (Investment Appraisal) ................................................................................7-5

5. Amortization ..................................................................................................................7-7

6. Interest Rate Conversion .............................................................................................. 7-9

7. Cost, Selling Price, Margin .......................................................................................... 7-10

8. Day/Date Calculations ................................................................................................. 7-11

9. Depreciation ................................................................................................................ 7-12

10. Bond Calculations ....................................................................................................... 7-14

11. Financial Calculations Using Functions ...................................................................... 7-16

Chapter 8 Programming

1. Basic Programming Steps ............................................................................................. 8-1

2. PRGM Mode Function Keys .......................................................................................... 8-2

3. Editing Program Contents ............................................................................................. 8-3

4. File Management .......................................................................................................... 8-5

5. Command Reference .................................................................................................... 8-7

6. Using Calculator Functions in Programs ..................................................................... 8-21

7. PRGM Mode Command List ....................................................................................... 8-37

8. Program Library .......................................................................................................... 8-42

Chapter 9 Spreadsheet

1. Spreadsheet Basics and the Function Menu ................................................................ 9-1

2. Basic Spreadsheet Operations ..................................................................................... 9-2

3. Using Special S • SHT Mode Commands .................................................................... 9-14

4. Drawing Statistical Graphs, and Performing Statistical and Regression

Calculations ................................................................................................................. 9-15

5. S • SHT Mode Memory ................................................................................................9-20

Chapter 10 eActivity

1. eActivity Overview ....................................................................................................... 10-1

2. eActivity Function Menus ............................................................................................10-2

3. eActivity File Operations ............................................................................................. 10-3

4. Inputting and Editing Data ........................................................................................... 10-4

5. eActivity Guide .......................................................................................................... 10-13

Chapter 11 Memory Manager

1. Using the Memory Manager ........................................................................................ 11-1

iii

Chapter 12 System Manager

1. Using the System Manager ......................................................................................... 12-1

2. System Settings .......................................................................................................... 12-1

Chapter 13 Data Communications

1. Connecting Two Units ................................................................................................. 13-1

2. Connecting the Calculator to a Personal Computer .................................................... 13-1

3. Performing a Data Communication Operation ............................................................13-2

4. Data Communications Precautions ............................................................................. 13-5

5. Screen Image Send .................................................................................................. 13-11

Chapter 14 Using SD Cards (fx-9860GⅡ SD only)

1. Using an SD Card .......................................................................................................14-1

2. Formatting an SD Card ...............................................................................................14-3

3. SD Card Precautions during Use ................................................................................ 14-3

Appendix

1. Error Message Table .................................................................................................... A-1

2. Input Ranges ................................................................................................................A-5

E-CON2 Application

1 E-CON2 Overview 2 Using the Setup Wizard 3 Using Advanced Setup 4 Using a Custom Probe 5 Using the MULTIMETER Mode 6 Using Setup Memory 7 Using Program Converter 8 Starting a Sampling Operation 9 Using Sample Data Memory 10 Using the Graph Analysis Tools to Graph Data 11 Graph Analysis Tool Graph Screen Operations 12 Calling E-CON2 Functions from an eActivity

Getting Acquainted — Read This First!

I About this User’s Guide

S Model-specific Function and Screen Differences

This User’s Guide covers multiple different calculator models. Note that some of the functions described here may not be available on all of the models covered by this User’s Guide. All of the screen shots in this User’s Guide show the fx-9860G the screens of other models may be slightly different.

S Math natural input and display

Under its initial default settings, the fx-9860Gɉ SD, fx-9860Gɉ, or fx-9860G AU PLUS is set up to use the “Math input/output mode”, which enables natural input and display of math expressions. This means you can input fractions, square roots, differentials, and other expressions just as they are written. In the “Math input/output mode”, most calculation results also are displayed using natural display.

You also can select a “Linear input/output mode” if you like, for input and display of calculation expressions in a single line. The initial default setting of the fx-9860G 9860Gɉ, and fx-9860G AU PLUS input/output mode is the Math input/output mode.

ɉ SD screen, and the appearance of

ɉ SD, fx-

The examples shown in this User’s Guide are mainly presented using the Linear input/output mode. Note the following points if you are using an fx-9860G AU PLUS.

• For information about switching between the Math input/output mode and Linear input/ output mode, see the explanation of the “Input/Output” mode setting under “Using the Setup Screen” (page 1-26).

• For information about input and display using the Math input/output mode, see “Using the Math Input/Output Mode” (page 1-10).

ɉ SD, fx-9860Gɉ, or fx-9860G

S For owners of models not equipped with a Math input/output mode

(fx-7400G

The fx-7400Gɉ and fx-9750Gɉ do not include a Math input/output mode. When performing the calculations in this manual on these models, use the linear input mode. fx-7400Gɉ and fx-9750Gɉ owners should ignore all explanations in this manual concerned with the Math input/output mode.

ɉ, fx-9750Gɉ)...

S V()

The above indicates you should press  and then V, which will input a  symbol. All multiple-key input operations are indicated like this. Key cap markings are shown, followed by the input character or command in parentheses.

S K EQUA

This indicates you should first press K, use the cursor keys (D, A, B, C) to select the EQUA mode, and then press U. Operations you need to perform to enter a mode from the Main Menu are indicated like this.

S Function Keys and Menus

• Many of the operations performed by this calculator can be executed by pressing function keys  through . The operation assigned to each function key changes according to

the mode the calculator is in, and current operation assignments are indicated by function menus that appear at the bottom of the display.

• This User’s Guide shows the current operation assigned to a function key in parentheses following the key cap for that key. (Comp), for example, indicates that pressing  selects {Comp}, which is also indicated in the function menu.

• When (E) is indicated in the function menu for key , it means that pressing  displays the next page or previous page of menu options.

S Menu Titles

• Menu titles in this User’s Guide include the key operation required to display the menu being explained. The key operation for a menu that is displayed by pressing * and then {LIST} would be shown as: [OPTN]-[LIST].

• (E) key operations to change to another menu page are not shown in menu title key operations.

S Command List

The PRGM Mode Command List (page 8-37) provides a graphic flowchart of the various function key menus and shows how to maneuver to the menu of commands you need.

Example: The following operation displays Xfct: [VARS]-[FACT]-[Xfct]

S E-CON2

This manual does not cover the E-CON2 mode. For more information about the E-CON2 mode, download the E-CON2 manual (English version only) from: http://edu.casio.com.

I Contrast Adjustment

Adjust the contrast whenever objects on the display appear dim or difficult to see.

1. Use the cursor keys (D, A, B, C) to select the SYSTEM icon and press U, then press (

2. Adjust the contrast.

• The C cursor key makes display contrast darker.

• The B cursor key makes display contrast lighter.

) to display the contrast adjustment screen.

• (INIT) returns display contrast to its initial default.

3. To exit display contrast adjustment, press K.

Chapter 1 Basic Operation

1. Keys

I Key Table

Page Page Page Page Page Page

5-29 5-5 5-3

1-25 1-26

1-2 1-22 1-23 1-2

1-18,

2-14

2-7

2-7 1-2

1-2

2-30

1-11

1-12

1-12 1-18

1-18 2-19

2-19

Page Page Page Page Page

2-14 2-14

2-14

2-19

1-19

1-19 2-19

2-19

1-18, 2-14

2-14

2-1

5-28 5-30 5-1

2-13

2-13 2-13

10-11 10-9

2-1

5-24

2-6

1-6,1-15

1-30

1-9

3-2

2-30

Not all of the functions described above are available on all models covered by this manual. Depending on calculator model, some of the above keys may not be included on your calculator.

1-8

2-41

1-9

2-13

2-13 2-7

2-7

2-1

1-6,1-15 1-16

1-16 1-6

1-6

2-1

2-9

2-9 2-1

2-1

1-1

I Key Markings

Many of the calculator’s keys are used to perform more than one function. The functions marked on the keyboard are color coded to help you find the one you need quickly and easily.

Function Key Operation







The following describes the color coding used for key markings.

Color Key Operation

Yellow

Red

•

Alpha Lock

Normally, once you press ? and then a key to input an alphabetic character, the keyboard reverts to its primary functions immediately. If you press  and then ?, the keyboard locks in alpha input until you press ? again.

log

J

Press  and then the key to perform the marked function.

Press ? and then the key to perform the marked function.

2. Display

I Selecting Icons

This section describes how to select an icon in the Main Menu to enter the mode you want.

S To select an icon

1. Press K to display the Main Menu.

2. Use the cursor keys (B, C, D, A) to move the highlighting to the icon you want.

1-2

Currently selected iconCurrently selected icon

3. Press U to display the initial screen of the mode whose icon you selected. Here we will enter the STAT mode.

• You can also enter a mode without highlighting an icon in the Main Menu by inputting the

number or letter marked in the lower right corner of the icon.

• Use only the procedures described above to enter a mode. If you use any other procedure,

you may end up in a mode that is different than the one you thought you selected.

The following explains the meaning of each icon.

Icon Mode Name Description

RUN

Use this mode for arithmetic calculations and function calculations, and for calculations involving binary, octal,

(fx-7400Gɉ only)

RUN • MAT*

(Run • Matrix)

decimal, and hexadecimal values. Use this mode for arithmetic calculations and function

calculations, and for calculations involving binary, octal, decimal, and hexadecimal values and matrices.

STAT (Statistics)

Use this mode to perform single-variable (standard deviation) and paired-variable (regression) statistical calculations, to perform tests, to analyze data and to draw statistical graphs.

e • ACT* (eActivity)

eActivity lets you input text, math expressions, and other data in a notebook-like interface. Use this mode when you want to store text or formulas, or built-in application data in a file.

S • SHT* (Spreadsheet)

Use this mode to perform spreadsheet calculations. Each file contains a 26-column × 999-line spreadsheet. In addition to the calculator’s built-in commands and S • SHT mode commands, you can also perform statistical calculations and graph statistical data using the same procedures that you use in the STAT mode.

GRAPH Use this mode to store graph functions and to draw graphs

using the functions.

DYNA* (Dynamic Graph)

Use this mode to store graph functions and to draw multiple versions of a graph by changing the values assigned to the variables in a function.

TABLE Use this mode to store functions, to generate a numeric table

of different solutions as the values assigned to variables in a function change, and to draw graphs.

RECUR* (Recursion)

Use this mode to store recursion formulas, to generate a numeric table of different solutions as the values assigned to variables in a function change, and to draw graphs.

CONICS*

EQUA (Equation)

PRGM (Program)

Use this mode to draw graphs of conic sections.

Use this mode to solve linear equations with two through six unknowns, and high-order equations from 2nd to 6th degree.

Use this mode to store programs in the program area and to run programs.

1-3

Icon Mode Name Description

TVM* (Financial)

Use this mode to perform financial calculations and to draw cash flow and other types of graphs.

E-CON2*

LINK Use this mode to transfer memory contents or back-up data to

MEMORY Use this mode to manage data stored in memory.

SYSTEM Use this mode to initialize memory, adjust contrast, and to

Use this mode to control the optionally available EA-200 Data Analyzer. For more information about the E-CON2 mode, download the E-CON2 manual (English version only) from: http://edu.casio. com.

another unit or PC.

make other system settings.

*1 Not included on the fx-7400Gɉ. *2 Not included on the fx-7400Gɉ/fx-9750Gɉ.

I About the Function Menu

Use the function keys ( to ) to access the menus and commands in the menu bar along the bottom of the display screen. You can tell whether a menu bar item is a menu or a command by its appearance.

I About Display Screens

This calculator uses two types of display screens: a text screen and a graph screen. The text screen can show 21 columns and 8 lines of characters, with the bottom line used for the function key menu. The graph screen uses an area that measures 127 (W) × 63 (H) dots.

Text Screen Graph Screen

I Normal Display

The calculator normally displays values up to 10 digits long. Values that exceed this limit are automatically converted to and displayed in exponential format.

S How to interpret exponential format

1.2E+12 indicates that the result is equivalent to 1.2 s 1012. This means that you should move

the decimal point in 1.2 twelve places to the right, because the exponent is positive. This results in the value 1,200,000,000,000.

1-4

1.2E–03 indicates that the result is equivalent to 1.2 s 10–3. This means that you should move

the decimal point in 1.2 three places to the left, because the exponent is negative. This results in the value 0.0012.

You can specify one of two different ranges for automatic changeover to normal display.

–2

Norm 1 ................... 10

(0.01) > |x|, |x|  10

Norm 2 ................... 10–9 (0.000000001) > |x|, |x|  10

All of the examples in this manual show calculation results using Norm 1. See page 2-11 for details on switching between Norm 1 and Norm 2.

I Special Display Formats

This calculator uses special display formats to indicate fractions, hexadecimal values, and degrees/minutes/seconds values.

S Fractions

(10)

12 23

, which equals

(16)

S Hexadecimal Values

S Degrees/Minutes/Seconds

.................... Indicates: 456

................... Indicates: 0ABCDEF1

180150001

.................... Indicates: 12° 34’ 56.78”

• In addition to the above, this calculator also uses other indicators or symbols, which are

described in each applicable section of this manual as they come up.

3. Inputting and Editing Calculations

I Inputting Calculations

When you are ready to input a calculation, first press to clear the display. Next, input your calculation formulas exactly as they are written, from left to right, and press U to obtain the result.

Example 2 + 3 – 4 + 10 =

ABC@?U

1-5

I Editing Calculations

Use the B and C keys to move the cursor to the position you want to change, and then perform one of the operations described below. After you edit the calculation, you can execute it by pressing U. Or you can use C to move to the end of the calculation and input more.

• You can select either insert or overwrite for input*

the text at the current cursor location. You can toggle between insert and overwrite by performing the operation: #(INS). The cursor appears as “I” for insert and as “ ” for overwrite.

With all models except the fx-7400Gɉ/fx-9750Gɉ, insert and overwrite switzng is possible

only when the Linear input/output mode (page 1-29) is selected.

S To change a step

Example To change cos60 to sin60

AE?

. With overwrite, text you input replaces

BBB

S To delete a step

Example To change 369 ss 2 to 369 s 2

BEHA

In the insert mode, the # key operates as a backspace key.

S To insert a step

Example To change 2.362 to sin2.36

ABEV

BBBBB

1-6

I Using Replay Memory

The last calculation performed is always stored into replay memory. You can recall the contents of the replay memory by pressing B or C. If you press C, the calculation appears with the cursor at the beginning. Pressing B causes the calculation to appear with the cursor at the end. You can make changes in the calculation as you wish and then execute it again.

• Replay memory is enabled in the Linear input/output mode only. In the Math input/output

mode, the history function is used in place of replay memory. For details, see “History Function” (page 1-17).

Example 1 To perform the following two calculations

4.12 s 6.4 = 26.368

4.12 s 7.1 = 29.252

C@AECU

BBBB

#(INS)

F@

After you press , you can press D or A to recall previous calculations, in sequence from the newest to the oldest (Multi-Replay Function). Once you recall a calculation, you can use C and B to move the cursor around the calculation and make changes in it to create a new calculation.

Example 2

@ABCDEU

ABCDEFU

D (One calculation back)

D (Two calculations back)

• A calculation remains stored in replay memory until you perform another calculation.

• The contents of replay memory are not cleared when you press the key, so you can

recall a calculation and execute it even after pressing the key.

I Making Corrections in the Original Calculation

Example 14 w 0 s 2.3 entered by mistake for 14 w 10 s 2.3

@C?AB

1-7

Press ).

Cursor is positioned automatically at the location of the cause of the error.

Make necessary changes.

Execute again. U

I Using the Clipboard for Copy and Paste

You can copy (or cut) a function, command, or other input to the clipboard, and then paste the clipboard contents at another location.

• The procedures described here all use the Linear input/output mode. For details about the

copy and paste operation while the Math input/output mode is selected, see “Using the Clipboard for Copy and Paste in the Math Input/Output Mode” (page 1-18).

S To specify the copy range

1. Move the cursor (I) to the beginning or end of the range of text you want to copy and then press G(CLIP). This changes the cursor to “ ”.

2. Use the cursor keys to move the cursor and highlight the range of text you want to copy.

3. Press (COPY) to copy the highlighted text to the clipboard, and exit the copy range specification mode.

The selected characters are not changed when you copy them.

To cancel text highlighting without performing a copy operation, press ).

S To cut the text

1. Move the cursor (I) to the beginning or end of the range of text you want to cut and then press G(CLIP). This changes the cursor to “ ”.

1-8

2. Use the cursor keys to move the cursor and highlight the range of text you want to cut.

3. Press (CUT) to cut the highlighted text to the clipboard.

Cutting causes the original characters to be deleted.

S Pasting Text

Move the cursor to the location where you want to paste the text, and then press H(PASTE). The contents of the clipboard are pasted at the cursor position.

H(PASTE)

I Catalog Function

The Catalog is an alphabetic list of all the commands available on this calculator. You can input a command by calling up the Catalog and then selecting the command you want.

S To use the Catalog to input a command

1. Press C(CATALOG) to display an alphabetic Catalog of commands.

• The screen that appears first is the last one you used for command input.

• With the fx-9860G Slim, the first two lines of explanation text for the currently selected

command will appear at the bottom of the screen. Pressing (HELP) will display a fullscreen view of the text for reading. If the text does not fit within a single screen, you can use D and A to scroll it.

(HELP)

m k

)

To close the help text screen, press ).

2. Press (CTGY) to display the category list.

• You can skip this step and go straight to step 5,

if you want.

3. Use the cursor keys (D, A) to highlight the command category you want, and then press (EXE) or U.

• This displays a list of commands in the category you selected.

1-9

4. Input the first letter of the command you want to input. This will display the first command that starts with that letter.

5. Use the cursor keys (D, A) to highlight the command you want to input, and then press (INPUT) or U.

Example To use the Catalog to input the ClrGraph command

C(CATALOG)((C)A~AU

Pressing ) or )(QUIT) closes the Catalog.

S To input a command with ; (fx-9860G Slim only)

1. Press ;.

• This will display the category selection screen.

• (EXE)... {displays a list of commands in the currently selected category}

• (EXIT)... {exits the category selection screen}

2. Continue from step 3 of the procedure under “To use the Catalog to input a command”.

4. Using the Math Input/Output Mode

Important!

• The fx-7400G

Selecting “Math” for the “Input/Output” mode setting on the Setup screen (page 1-29) turns on the Math input/output mode, which allows natural input and display of certain functions, just as they appear in your textbook.

• The operations in this section all are performed in the Math input/output mode.

- The initial default setting for the fx-9860G input/output mode. If you have changed to the Linear input/output mode, switch back to the Math input/output mode before performing the operations in this section. See “Using the Setup Screen” (page 1-26) for information about how to switch modes.

ɉ and fx-9750Gɉ are not equipped with a Math input/output mode.

ɉ SD/fx-9860Gɉ/fx-9860G AU PLUS is the Math

- The initial default setting for the fx-9860G Slim/fx-9860G SD/fx-9860G/fx-9860G AU is the Linear input/output mode. Switch to the Math input/output mode before performing the operations in this section. See “Using the Setup Screen” (page 1-26) for information about how to switch modes.

• In the Math input/output mode, all input is insert mode (not overwrite mode) input. Note that the #(INS) operation (page 1-6) you use in the Linear input/output mode to switch to insert mode input performs a completely different function in the Math input/output mode. For more information, see “Using Values and Expressions as Arguments” (page 1-14).

1-10

• Unless specifically stated otherwise, all operations in this section are performed in the RUN • MAT mode.

I Input Operations in the Math Input/Output Mode

S Math Input/Output Mode Functions and Symbols

The functions and symbols listed below can be used for natural input in the Math input/output mode. The “Bytes” column shows the number of bytes of memory that are used up by input in the Math input/output mode.

Function/Symbol Key Operation Bytes

Fraction (Improper) Mixed Fraction*

Power Square Negative Power (Reciprocal)



Cube Root Power Root

6()

V (

–1

)

V()

( ,(

)

((ex)

J(10x)

log(a,b) (Input from MATH menu* Abs (Absolute Value) (Input from MATH menu* Linear Differential*

Quadratic Differential*Differential* Integral* 3 Calculation*

(Input from MATH menu*2)7 (Input from MATH menu*2)7 (Input from MATH menu*2)8 (Input from MATH menu*2)11

Matrix (Input from MATH menu*

4 4 5 6 9 9

6 6

) 14*

Parentheses Braces (Used during list input.) Brackets (Used during matrix input.)

Mixed fraction is supported in the Math input/output mode only.

For information about function input from the MATH function menu, see “Using the MATH

 and 

( { ) and ( } ) ( [ ) and ( ] )

1 1 1

Menu” described below.

Tolerance cannot be specified in the Math input/output mode. If you want to specify

tolerance, use the Linear input/output mode.

For 3 calculation in the Math input/output mode, the pitch is always 1. If you want to specify a different pitch, use the Linear input/output mode.

This is the number of bytes for a 2 × 2 matrix.

1-11

S Using the MATH Menu

(x)

In the RUN • MAT mode, pressing (MATH) displays the MATH menu. You can use this menu for natural input of matrices, differentials, integrals, etc.

•{MAT} ... {displays the MAT submenu, for natural input of matrices}

•{2s2} ... {inputs a 2 × 2 matrix}

•{3s3} ... {inputs a 3 × 3 matrix}

msn} ... {inputs a matrix with m lines and n columns (up to 6 × 6)}

•{

•{log

b} ... {starts natural input of logarithm logab}

•{Abs} ... {starts natural input of absolute value |X|}

•{

d/dx} ... {starts natural input of linear differential

/dx2} ... {starts natural input of quadratic differential

•{

dx} … {starts natural input of integral

•{°

•{3(} … {starts natural input of 3 calculation

f(x)dx

x=A

}

f(x

)

}

f(x

)

}

S Math Input/Output Mode Input Examples

This section provides a number of different examples showing how the MATH function menu and other keys can be used during Math input/output mode natural input. Be sure to pay attention to the input cursor position as you input values and data.

Example 1 To input 2

+ 1

@

Example 2 To input

@

()

1-12

V

Example 3 To input

1+ x +1dx

@(MATH)(E)(

T@

)

Example 4 To input

2 ×

A(MATH)(MAT)(2×2)

6@AA

V()AC

1-13

CV()ACC6@AA

S When the calculation does not fit within the display window

Arrows appear at the left, right, top, or bottom edge of the display to let you know when there is more of the calculation off the screen in the corresponding direction.

When you see an arrow, you can use the cursor keys to scroll the screen contents and view the part you want.

S Math Input/Output Mode Input Restrictions

Certain types of expressions can cause the vertical width of a calculation formula to be greater than one display line. The maximum allowable vertical width of a calculation formula is about two display screens (120 dots). You cannot input any expression that exceeds this limitation.

S Using Values and Expressions as Arguments

A value or an expression that you have already input can be used as the argument of a function. After you have input “(2+3)”, for example, you can make it the argument of , resulting in

Example

1. Move the cursor so it is located directly to the left of the part of the expression that you want

to become the argument of the function you will insert.

2. Press #(INS).

• This changes the cursor to an insert cursor ().

(2+3)

3. Press V() to insert the  function.

• This inserts the  function and makes the parenthetical expression its argument.

As shown above, the value or expression to the right of the cursor after #(INS) are pressed becomes the argument of the function that is specified next. The range encompassed as the argument is everything up to the first open parenthesis to the right, if there is one, or everything up to the first function to the right (sin(30), log2(4), etc.).

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This capability can be used with the following functions.

Function Key Operation

Improper Fraction

Power



Cube Root

Power Root

log(a,b)

Absolute Value

Linear Differential

Quadratic Differential

V()

(

,(

)

((ex)

J(10x)

(MATH)(log

(MATH)(Abs)

(MATH)(

(MATH)(

d/dx)

/dx2)

Original

Expression

Expression After

Insertion

Integral

3 Calculation

(MATH)(E) (°

dx)

(MATH)(E) (3( )

• In the Linear input/output mode, pressing #(INS) will change to the insert mode. See page 1-6 for more information.

S Editing Calculations in the Math Input/Output Mode

The procedures for editing calculations in the Math input/output mode are basically the same as those for the Linear input/output mode. For more information, see “Editing Calculations” (page 1-6).

Note however, that the following points are different between the Math input/output mode and the Linear input/output mode.

• Overwrite mode input that is available in the Linear input/output mode is not supported by the Math input/output mode. In the Math input/output mode, input is always inserted at the current cursor location.

• In the Math input/output mode, pressing the # key always performs a backspace operation.

• Note the following cursor operations you can use while inputting a calculation with Math input/output mode.

To do this: Press this key:

Move the cursor from the end of the calculation to the beginning Move the cursor from the beginning of the calculation to the end

C B

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I Using Undoing and Redoing Operations

You can use the following procedures during calculation expression input in the Math input/ output mode (up until you press the U key) to undo the last key operation and to redo the key operation you have just undone.

- To undo the last key operation, press: ?#(UNDO).

- To redo a key operation you have just undone, press: ?#(UNDO) again.

• You also can use UNDO to cancel an key operation. After pressing to clear an expression you have input, pressing ?#(UNDO) will restore what was on the display before you pressed .

• You also can use UNDO to cancel a cursor key operation. If you press C during input and then press ?#(UNDO), the cursor will return to where it was before you pressed C.

• The UNDO operation is disabled while the keyboard is alpha-locked. Pressing ?#(UNDO) while the keyboard is alpha-locked will perform the same delete operation as the # key alone.

Example

@6@C

?#(UNDO)

I Math Input/Output Mode Calculation Result Display

Fractions, matrices, and lists produced by Math input/output mode calculations are displayed in natural format, just as they appear in your textbook.

Sample Calculation Result Displays

• Fractions are displayed either as improper fractions or mixed fractions, depending on the “Frac Result” setting on the Setup screen. For details, see “Using the Setup Screen” (page 1-26).

1-16

• Matrices are displayed in natural format, up to 6 × 6. A matrix that has more than six rows or columns will be displayed on a MatAns screen, which is the same screen used in the Linear input/output mode.

• Lists are displayed in natural format for up to 20 elements. A list that has more than 20 elements will be displayed on a ListAns screen, which is the same screen used in the Linear input/output mode.

• Arrows appear at the left, right, top, or bottom edge of the display to let you know when there is more data off the screen in the corresponding direction.

You can use the cursor keys to scroll the screen and view the data you want.

•

• Pressing (DEL)(DEL

L) while a calculation result is selected will delete both the result

and the calculation that produced it.

• The multiplication sign cannot be omitted immediately before an improper fraction or mixed fraction. Be sure to always input a multiplication sign in this case.

Example:

2×

2 5

•A,, V, or (

AA6D

–1

) key operation cannot be followed immediately by another ,, V, or (x–1) key operation. In this case, use parentheses to keep the key operations separate.

Example: (3

2)–1

BV(x–1)

I History Function

The history function maintains a history of calculation expressions and results in the Math input/output mode. Up to 30 sets of calculation expressions and results are maintained.

@AU AU

You can also edit the calculation expressions that are maintained by the history function and recalculate. This will recalculate all of the expressions starting from the edited expression.

Example To change “1+2” to “1+3” and recalculate

Perform the following operation following the sample shown above.

DDDDB#BU

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• The value stored in the answer memory is always dependent on the result produced by the last calculation performed. If history contents include operations that use the answer memory, editing a calculation may affect the answer memory value used in subsequent calculations.

- If you have a series of calculations that use the answer memory to include the result of the

previous calculation in the next calculation, editing a calculation will affect the results of all the other calculations that come after it.

- When the first calculation of the history includes the answer memory contents, the answer

memory value is “0” because there is no calculation before the first one in history.

I Using the Clipboard for Copy and Paste in the Math Input/Output Mode

You can copy a function, command, or other input to the clipboard, and then paste the clipboard contents at another location.

• In the Math input/output mode, you can specify only one line as the copy range.

• The CUT operation is supported for the Linear input/output mode only. It is not supported for the Math input/output mode.

S To copy text

1. Use the cursor keys to move the cursor to the line you want to copy.

2. Press G(CLIP). The cursor will change to “

3. Press (CPY· L) to copy the highlighted text to the clipboard.

”.

S To paste text

Move the cursor to the location where you want to paste the text, and then press

H(PASTE). The contents of the clipboard are pasted at the cursor position.

I Calculation Operations in the Math Input/Output Mode

This section introduces Math input/output mode calculation examples.

• For details about calculation operations, see “Chapter 2 Manual Calculations”.

S Performing Function Calculations Using Math Input/Output Mode

Example Operation

4×5610

6645U



cos

( )

log

8 = 3

123 = 1.988647795

2 + 3 × 364 − 4 = 10

3 4

(Angle: Rad)

= 0.1249387366log

A$(P)63CU

(MATH)(logab) 2C8U ,( 23,(

(MATH)(Abs)J364U

) 7C123U

1-18

) 3C64C4U

2 5

1.5 + 2.3

+ 3 =

73 20

265C36()1C4U

1.52.3?(

i)U,

( )

+ 3x + 4



− 3k + 5) = 55

(

∑

+x− 6

x = 3

= 52

404

(MATH)(d/dx)T,3C4

TVT6C3U

(MATH)(E)(°dx) 2TV3T4C1 C5U

(MATH)(E)(3)?(K)V3?(K)

5C?(K)C2C6U

I Performing Matrix Calculations Using Math Input/Output Mode

S To specify the dimensions (size) of a matrix

1. In the RUN• MAT mode, press K(SET UP)(Math)).

2. Press (MATH) to display the MATH menu.

3. Press (MAT) to display the following menu.

•{2s2} … {inputs a 2 × 2 matrix}

•{3s3} … {inputs a 3 × 3 matrix}

•{

msn} … {inputs an m-row × n-column matrix (up to 6 × 6)}

Example To create a 2-row s 3-column matrix

(

Specify the number of rows. AU Specify the number of columns. BU U

msn)

S To input cell values

Example To perform the calculation shown below

× 8

1-19

The following operation is a continuation of the example calculation on the previous page.

@C@6ACCBBC @B6CCCDCEC GU

S To assign a matrix created using Math input/output mode to a MAT mode

matrix

Example To assign the calculation result to Mat J

A(Mat)(Ans)?

A(Mat)?(J)U

• Pressing the # key while the cursor is located at the top (upper left) of the matrix will delete the entire matrix.



I Using Graph Modes and the EQUA Mode in the Math Input/Output

Mode

Using the Math input/output mode with any of the modes below lets you input numeric expressions just as they are written in your text book and view calculation results in natural display format.

Modes that support input of expressions as they are written in textbooks:

RUN • MAT, e • ACT, GRAPH, DYNA, TABLE, RECUR, EQUA (SOLV)

Modes that support natural display format:

RUN • MAT, e • ACT, EQUA

The following explanations show Math input/output mode operations in the GRAPH, DYNA, TABLE, RECUR and EQUA modes, and natural calculation result display in the EQUA mode.

• See the sections that cover each calculation for details about its operation.

• See “Input Operations in the Math Input/Output Mode” (page 1-11) and “Calculation Operations in the Math Input/Output Mode” (page 1-18) for details about Math input/output mode input operations and calculation result displays in the RUN • MAT mode.

• e • ACT mode input operations and result displays are the same as those in the RUN • MAT mode. For information about e • ACT mode operations, see “Chapter 10 eActivity”.

1-20

Important!

• On a model whose operating system has been updated to OS 2.00 from an older OS version, Math input/output mode input and result display are not supported in any mode except the RUN • MAT mode and e • ACT mode.

S Math Input/Output Mode Input in the GRAPH Mode

You can use the Math input/output mode for graph expression input in the GRAPH, DYNA, TABLE, and RECUR modes.

Example 1 In the GRAPH mode, input the function

Make sure that initial default settings are configured on the View Window.

KGRAPHTV6V()A\

CCT6V()ACC\

@U

(DRAW)

−−1 2

and then graph it.

Example 2 In the GRAPH mode, input the function

graph it. Make sure that initial default settings are configured on the View Window.

KGRAPH*(CALC)(°dx)

@6CCTV@6AC

T@C?CTU

(DRAW)



−

x−1d

and then

• Math Input/Output Mode Input and Result Display in the EQUA Mode

You can use the Math input/output mode in the EQUA mode for input and display as shown below.

• In the case of simultaneous equations ((SIML)) and high-order equations ((POLY)), solutions are output in natural display format (fractions, , P are displayed in natural format) whenever possible.

• In the case of Solver ((SOLV)), you can use Math input/output mode natural input.

1-21

Example To solve the quadratic equation

KEQUAK(SET UP) AAAA(Complex Mode)

+ 3x + 5 = 0 in the EQUA mode

(a+b

(POLY)(2)@UBUDUU

i))

5. Option (OPTN) Menu

The option menu gives you access to scientific functions and features that are not marked on the calculator’s keyboard. The contents of the option menu differ according to the mode you are in when you press the * key.

• The option menu does not appear if you press * while binary, octal, decimal, or hexadecimal is set as the default number system.

• For details about the commands included on the option (OPTN) menu, see the “* key” item in the “PRGM Mode Command List” (page 8-37).

• The meanings of the option menu items are described in the sections that cover each mode.

The following list shows the option menu that is displayed when the RUN • MAT (or RUN) or PRGM mode is selected.

Item names below that are marked with an asterisk (*) are not included on the fx-7400G

ɉ.

•{LIST} ... {list function menu}

•{MAT}* ... {matrix operation menu}

•{CPLX} ... {complex number calculation menu}

•{CALC} ... {functional analysis menu}

•{STAT} ... {paired-variable statistical estimated value menu} (fx-7400G

{menu for paired-variable statistical estimated value, distribution, standard deviation, variance, and test functions} (all models except fx-7400Gfx-7400Gɉ)

•{CONV} ... {metric conversion menu}

•{HYP} ... {hyperbolic calculation menu}

•{PROB} ... {probability/distribution calculation menu}

•{NUM} ... {numeric calculation menu}

•{ANGL} ... {menu for angle/coordinate conversion, sexagesimal input/conversion}

•{ESYM} ... {engineering symbol menu}

•{PICT} ... {graph save/recall menu}

•{FMEM} ... {function memory menu}

•{LOGIC} ... {logic operator menu}

•{CAPT} ... {screen capture menu}

ɉ)

•{TVM}* ... {financial calculation menu}

• The PICT, FMEM and CAPT items are not displayed when “Math” is selected for the “Input/ Output” mode setting on the Setup screen.

1-22

6. Variable Data (VARS) Menu

To recall variable data, press ) to display the variable data menu. {V-WIN}/{FACT}/{STAT}/{GRPH}/{DYNA}/{TABL}/{RECR}/{EQUA}/{TVM}/{Str}

• Note that the EQUA and TVM items appear for function keys ( and ) only when you access the variable data menu from the RUN • MAT (or RUN) or PRGM mode.

• The variable data menu does not appear if you press ) while binary, octal, decimal, or hexadecimal is set as the default number system.

• Depending on the calculator model, some menu items may not be included.

• For details about the commands included on the variable data (VARS) menu, see the “) key” item in the “PRGM Mode Command List” (page 8-37).

• Item names below that are marked with an asterisk (*) are not included on the fx-7400G

ɉ.

S V-WIN — Recalling V-Window values

• {X}/{Y}/{T,Ƨ} ... {x-axis menu}/{y-axis menu}/{T,Ƨmenu}

{R-X}/{R-Y}/{R-T,Ƨ} ... {x-axis menu}/{y-axis menu}/{T,Ƨmenu} for right side of Dual

• Graph

•{min}/{max}/{scal}/{dot}/{ptch} ... {minimum value}/{maximum value}/{scale}/{dot

}/{pitch}

value*

The dot value indicates the display range (Xmax value – Xmin value) divided by the

screen dot pitch (126). The dot value is normally calculated automatically from the minimum and maximum values. Changing the dot value causes the maximum to be calculated automatically.

S FACT — Recalling zoom factors

• {Xfct}/{Yfct} ... {x-axis factor}/{y-axis factor}

S STAT — Recalling statistical data

•{X} … {single-variable, paired-variable x-data}

• {

n}/{¯x}/{3x}/{3x

of squares}/{population standard deviation}/{sample standard deviation}/{minimum value}/{maximum value}

}/{Ʊx}/{sx}/{minX}/{maxX} ... {number of data}/{mean}/{sum}/{sum

{Y} ... {paired-variable y-data}

•

• {

Κ}/{3y}/{3y

}/{3xy}/{Ʊx}/{sy}/{minY}/{maxY} ... {mean}/{sum}/{sum of squares}/{sum of products of x-data and y-data}/{population standard deviation}/{sample standard deviation}/{minimum value}/{maximum value}

•

{GRPH} ... {graph data menu}

• {a}/{b}/{c}/{d}/{e} ... {regression coefficient and polynomial coefficients}

• {r}/{r

} ... {correlation coefficient}/{coefficient of determination}

• {MSe} ... {mean square error}

• {Q

}/{Q3} ... {first quartile}/{third quartile}

• {Med}/{Mod} ... {median}/{mode} of input data

• {Strt}/{Pitch} ... histogram {start division}/{pitch}

•

{PTS} ... {summary point data menu}

• {

}/{y1}/{x2}/{y2}/{x3}/{y3} ... {coordinates of summary points}

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