Aerosoft PA-31T User Manual

4 (1)
Aerosoft PA-31T User Manual

Add-onforMicrosoft

FlightSimulator

And FS2004!

Piper PA-31T

Manual

Piper PA-31T Cheyenne X

Development:

Digital Aviation

Graphics & models:

Tobias Ahlbrecht

Flight Models:

Alexander M. Metzger

Sounds:

Dr. Achim Bürger

Programming, Gauges:

Hans Hartmann

Project Management:

Hans Hartmann

Manual, documentation:

Martin Georg

Installer:

Andreas Mügge

Copyright: © 2007 / Aerosoft GmbH

Airport Paderborn/Lippstadt

D-33142 Büren, Germany

Tel: +49 (0) 29 55 / 76 03-10

Fax: +49 (0) 29 55 / 76 03-33

E-Mail: info@aerosoft.de

Internet: www.aerosoft.de

www.aerosoft.com

All trademarks and brand names are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective owners. All rights reserved.

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Piper PA-31T

Cheyenne X

Manual

Add-on for

Microsoft Flight Simulator X

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Piper PA-31T Cheyenne X

Content

Introduction......................................................................

6

Configuration....................................................................

8

Saving your settings...........................................................

9

Options................................................................................

9

Weight and Balance .........................................................

10

Sounds volume .................................................................

11

Basics of operation.........................................................

12

Panel operation ................................................................

12

Aircraft model operation .................................................

14

Frequently asked questions (FAQ) ................................

15

General Data...................................................................

17

Abbrevations and Terminology.......................................

19

Instrument panels ..........................................................

24

Views.................................................................................

24

Panel navigation by clickspots ........................................

28

Overview...........................................................................

30

Primary Instruments - Pilot panel....................................

37

Engine instruments ..........................................................

43

Secondary instruments - Pilot panel ...............................

44

Cockpit Instruments - Copilot panel................................

47

Environmental Controls - Copilot....................................

52

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Automated flight............................................................

56

Cheyenne I & IA -

 

Bendix-King KFC250 Autopilot & Flight Director.......

56

KFC250 Autopilot Operation Modes ........................

60

Cheyenne II & IIXL -

 

Bendix-King KFC300 Autopilot & Flight Director.......

68

Additional KFC300 Autopilot Operation Modes........

69

Bendix-King Avionics Paket (Radios)............................

71

KMA 28 Audio Panel Operation ...............................

72

KY 196A COM1/COM2............................................

73

KY 53 TSO´d Navigation Receiver Operation.............

76

KR 87 ADF Receiver Operation .................................

77

KT 76C Panel-mounted Transponder Operation........

80

Trimble 2000 Approach Plus GPS...................................

83

Introduction ......................................................................

83

User Interface....................................................................

84

Pressurization system ....................................................

89

Dukes Pressurization Controller (Cheyenne I & IA)Garret

Pressurization Controller (Cheyenne II & IIXL) ................

89

TCAS (with digital VSI only)...........................................

92

Flight Tutorial..................................................................

95

Introduction.............................................................

95

Flight controls and control feedback.........................

95

Engine start-up ........................................................

96

Taxi to the runway....................................................

96

Powerback (in emergency situations only) ................

97

Take off....................................................................

98

Climb.......................................................................

99

Cruise ....................................................................

100

Descent..................................................................

100

Landing..................................................................

101

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Piper PA-31T Cheyenne X

Introduction

Thank you for purchasing the Piper Cheyenne by Digital Aviation and Aerosoft. We hope that you will have as much fun with it as we had while creating it. For many years, the Cheyenne series of business aircraft was one of the most successful for Piper. It started in the mid sixties, when Piper decided to redesign its pressurized model „Navajo” to accommodate propeller turbines as propulsion. On August 29th 1969 the prototype took off for his maiden flight, but it took almost another five years until the first production aircraft went into service. The control surfaces and flight controls had to be reworked several times, because the higher speeds were a strain to the cell. Furthermore, a flooding of Pipers production facility in Lock Haven delayed deliveries.

On October 22nd 1973, the maiden flight of the first production aircraft Piper Cheyenne PA31T took place – powered by two Pratt&Whitney PT6A-28s engines, developing 620hp each. When Piper expanded the family in 1978 with a decreased variant (PT6A-11, 500hp), they renamed the initial aircraft in „Cheyenne II” and the new variant became “Cheyenne I”. Improvements like more power, redesigned cowlings and a new interior lead to the „Cheyenne IA”. In addition to that, Piper stretched the Cheyenne II and built in a fourth cabin window. Equipped with PT6A-135s (750hp) engines and an increased MTOW by 180kg/400lb – this variant became the „Cheyenne IIXL”. In total, 823 Cheyennes had been built, 526 Cheyenne and Cheyenne II, 215 Cheyenne I and IA, and 82 IIXL, when the production was discontinued in the mid eighties. Even twenty years later, the PA31T models have an excellent reputation for being spacious, uncomplicated and reliable aircraft and therefore enjoy great popularity.

Our add-on features all four mentioned variants, each in three liveries from different countries. All models possess a highly detailed 2D-panel with various view options, a completely functional 3D cockpit with virtual cabin, two different sound sets and of course a true to the original model with many ground objects, like Ground Power Unit, towing equipment, chock blocks and pylons.

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The instrumentation is an exact rendition of its real counterparts, based on the „Silver Crown Plus” avionics suite by Bendix-King. Autopilot is either the KFC250 or the KFC300 by Bendix-King, depending on the model you choose. The pressurization controllers are models by Dukes and Garret. A configuration program is provided to help with individual settings.

And now we wish you many pleasant hours with our Piper Cheyenne Add-On for the Microsoft Flight Simulator.

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Piper PA-31T Cheyenne X

Configuration

The Piper Cheyenne can be fully configured using the supplied configuration manager. The configuration manager is opened from inside the aircraft by using the key combination SHIFT-7:

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Saving your settings

Your configuration settings may be either saved to disk using the SAVE button (3) or applied to the currently loaded aircraft only, using the button EXIT (4). When using the SAVE option, the aircraft CFG file of the selected aircraft will be also updated, to pertain the changes for the next time you start Microsoft Flight Simulator. Using the button DEFAULT all configuration options are reverted to their default values, while RANDOM (2) creates a random aircraft loading.

Options

The OPTIONS section in the upper left part of the configuration manager offers some advanced configuration options:

5:Cold and Dark

Loads the aircraft in a „cold & dark” configuration next time. All systems are off, and you may work through the complete startup procedure.

6:Show yoke in VC

Selecting this option displays the yoke in the virtual cockpit also. You may want to deselect this option to get easier access to some switches near the yoke.

7:Show analogue VSI (no TCAS)

Selecting this option displays an analogue vertical speed indicator instead of the default digital one. In this case no TCAS is available.

8:Show HSI 3D objects in VC

Deselecting this option displays the HSI as a 2D object instead of a 3D object in the virtual cockpit. This may increase performance on low-end systems. Also, it may be necessary when adding a thirdparty HSI instead of the supllied one.

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Piper PA-31T Cheyenne X

9:Show Radar 3D objects in VC

Deselecting this option displays the radar as a 2D object instead of a 3D object in the virtual cockpit. This is necessary if you want to add a third-party weather radar at this place.

10:„Active Noise Reduction” (ANR) Sound Set

When using the ANR sound set, the internal engine sound is greatly muffled, as the pilot would hear it while wearing Active Noise Reduction (ANR) headphones. Almost all pilots wear these or similar headphones today in order to protect their hearing and ease communication over the radios. It is very rare to see these aircraft flown without the pilot and passengers wearing headphones.

Note: After changing the sound set the aircraft needs to be manually reloaded.

Weight and Balance

The Weight and Balance section (11-13) offers the possibility to individually configure the loading and seating of the aircraft. The forward and aft baggage compartments may be loaded in steps of 10 lbs., and different crew members and passengers may be placed in any available seat:

Children: 60 lbs.

Women: 135 lbs.

Men: 170 lbs.

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Please note that for the pilot and copilot seats, only men or women may be selected.

A detailed weights listing (18) is displayed just below the load editor. If the loading is within limits, the TOTAL WEIGHT value is displayed in green. Overweights are displayed in red.

Sounds volume

Four sliders are available to individually configure different portions of the sound set:

14:Ambient sounds volume

Adjusts the volume level for click sounds and other background noises.

15:Avionics sounds volume

Sets the volume level for aural alerts and warnings.

16:Engines sounds volume

Configures the volume level of the engine startup.

17:TCAS (Kollisionswarngerät)

Adjusts the volume level for the TCAS TA and RA sounds.

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Piper PA-31T Cheyenne X

Basics of operation

Panel operation

Microsoft Flight Simulator traditionally depends heavily upon mouse actions to operate buttons, switches and knobs. Sometimes, click spots may not be 100% intuitive, or the result of your action may depend upon clicking with the left or right mouse button at the correct location. When familiarizing yourself with the panel, it is suggested that you turn on „tool tips”. These tips will then appear when you hold your cursor over the various click spots, and the tips will describe what each click spot is for. Tool tips can be activated under the FS menu under Options / Settings / General.

The Piper Cheyenne uses a consistent, standardized approach to operate the different controls in the aircraft panels. Following is an overview about these methods to interact with the controls in the 2D and 3D panels:

Push buttons: Left or right-click to operate these buttons on/off.

Guarded buttons: Guarded buttons require two steps: First, right-click to open or close the guard covering the control. Second, left-click to operate the button underneath. The cursor will show a solid hand.

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Multi-position switches: Multi-position switches have more than one position, and may be turned left/down or up/right. Left-click to move the switch to the left or down, and right-click of right/up movement.

Note: You can always use your mouse wheel to operate a multiposition switch.

Knobs with one level: Knobs are rotated left/right, or may be rotated completely around. Left-click to rotate the knob to the left, and rightclick to rotate the knob to the right anywhere in the click spot. The cursor will be an unfilled hand.

Some knobs also allow rotating them in larger steps. One example is the heading bug, which may be rotated in steps of 1 or 10 degrees left or right. In this case the cursor changes to a hand with „+” or „-” in it. When the cursor shows a „-”, the knob will rotate to the left, while a „+” will rotate it to the right. Left-clicks will rotate in low increments, while right-clicks will rotate in high increments.

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Piper PA-31T Cheyenne X

Knobs with two levels: Some instruments contain knobs with an inner and an outer ring. In this case, the click area is further divided into a left and a right part. Clicks in the left half of the click spot rotate the outer knob, while the right half adjusts the inner knob. Note that the operation rules for one-level knobs still apply.

Note: You can always use your mouse wheel to rotate a knob.

Aircraft model operation

Several hotkeys are available to operate animated parts of the external model and the virtual cabin. Plase note that you need to assign keystrokes to some of these functions in order to execute the animation.

Keystrokes can be assigned via the „Assignments” menu option in the OPTIONS => ASSIGNMENTS menu in MS Flight Simulator.

Main passenger door:SHIFT-E (Standard key for doors in Flight Simulator)

Front baggage door: Wings fold/unfold

Aft baggage door: UMSCHALT-E-3

Tische in der Kabine: Tail hook extend/retract

Desks in virtual cabin: Click on a desk to fold/unfold it.

External objects:

Chocks, external power unit, tow bar etc. will

 

appear when the following conditions are met:

 

• parking brake set

 

• Prop controls: STOP

 

• Engines OFF

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Frequently asked questions (FAQ)

VOR/GPS Switch operation:

As soon as the NAV1 radio is tuned to a valid ILS frequency, the VOR/ GPS switch changes to VOR and the autopilot to NAV ARM mode. If a valid ILS frequency is in range, the autopilot will follow it´s localizer beam. Valid ILS frequencies are between 108.10 and 111.95 and the decimal part starts with an odd digit: 108.10, 108.15, 108.30, 108.35, 108.50, ..., 108.95, 109.10, 109.15, ..., 111.95.

Engine Start

You need to follow the engine start procedure as described (see PDF on your CDROM). CTRL-E will not work.

Panel and cabin lights (virtual cabin)

Due to limitations in Microsoft Flight Simulator, the panel instruments light and the virtual cabin light are tied together. They can´t be operated independently.

Autopilot and flight director operation

Activation of the autopilot requires the flight director to be active. Always check that you have turned on the flight director before activating the autopilot.

Trimble GPS airports, navaids and waypoints selection

Display of available airports, navaids and waypoints in the GPS is restricted to a 2000nm radius around your aircraft position.

Trimble GPS keyboard entry mode

If keyboard commands don´t seem to work at all, make sure SCROLL LOCK is switched off, because all keyboard inputs will be intercepted by the GPS as long as SCROLL LOCK IS ON.

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Piper PA-31T Cheyenne X

Cold & Dark state

After loading in cold & dark state, wait some time for all engine instruments to show zero before you begin any startup procedures. We strongly suggest loading the Cheyenne from the default „Trike over Friday Harbour” situation every time!

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General Data

Power plants

 

Cheyenne I

Cheyenne IA

 

Cheyenne II

Cheyenne IIXL

 

 

 

 

 

 

Number of

 

 

2

 

engines

 

 

 

 

Pratt & Whitney (UACL)

 

 

 

 

Manufacturer

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Model number

PT6A-11s

 

PT6A-28s

PT6A-135s

 

 

 

 

 

 

Rated

500 PS

 

620 PS

Horsepower

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Propeller Speed

2200 rpm

 

2200 rpm

1900 rpm

 

 

 

 

 

 

Dry weight

 

317 lbs.

 

 

323 lbs.

 

 

 

 

 

 

Propeller

 

Cheyenne I

Cheyenne IA

Cheyenne II

Cheyenne IIXL

 

 

 

 

 

Number of

 

 

2

 

propellers

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Manufacturer

 

Hartzell

 

 

 

 

 

 

Blade Model

T-10173-B-8

T-10173-K-8

T-10173-HB-8

T-10178-B-8R

 

 

 

T-10173-B-8

 

 

 

 

 

 

Number of

 

 

3

 

Blades

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Diameter (Inch)

 

93 inch

 

 

 

Propeller Type

Hydraulically operated, constant speed, full feathering, reversible

 

 

 

 

 

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Piper PA-31T Cheyenne X

Fuel

 

Cheyenne I

Cheyenne IA

Cheyenne II

Cheyenne IIXL

 

 

 

 

 

Capacity without

 

308 gal.

tip tanks

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

with tip tanks

 

374 gal.

 

 

 

 

 

Usable fuel

 

300 gal.

without tip tanks

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

with Tip Tanks

 

366 gal.

 

 

 

Fuel grade

 

Jet A

 

 

 

 

 

Weights

 

Cheyenne I

Cheyenne IA

Cheyenne II

Cheyenne IIXL

 

 

 

 

 

 

Ramp Weight

8750 lbs.

 

9050 lbs.

9540 lbs.

 

 

 

 

 

 

Standard Empty

5110 lbs.

 

4976 lbs.

5874 lbs.

Weight

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Maximum

3640 lbs.

 

4074 lbs.

4053 lbs.

Useful Load

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Max. Takoff

8700 lbs.

 

9000 lbs.

9474 lbs.

Weight

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Max. Landing

8700 lbs.

 

9000 lbs.

Weight

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Max. Zero Fuel

 

7200 lbs.

7600 lbs.

Weight

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Max. Weight in

 

 

 

 

 

forward baggage

 

 

300 lbs.

 

compartment

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Max. Weight

 

 

 

 

 

in aft baggage

 

 

200 lbs.

 

compartment

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

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Abbrevations and Terminology

(a) General Airspeed Terminology

CAS

Calibrated Airspeed means the indicated speed of an aircraft,

 

corrected for position and instrument error. Calibrated Air-

 

speed is equal to true airspeed in standard atmosphere at sea

 

level.

KCAS

Calibrated Airspeed expressed in „Knots“.

GS

Ground Speed is the speed of an airplane relative to the

 

ground.

IAS

Indicated Airspeed is the speed of an aircraft as shown on

 

the airspeed indicator when corrected for instrument error.

 

IAS values published in this manual assume zero instrument

 

error.

KIAS

Indicated Airspeed, expressed in „Knots“.

MMach Speed (Mach Number) is the ratio of true airspeed to the speed of sound.

TAS

True Airspeed is the airspeed of an airplane relative to undis-

 

turbed air which is the CAS corrected for altitude, tempera-

 

ture and compressibility.

VA

Maneuvering Speed is the maximum speed at which applica-

 

tion of full available aerodynamic control will not overstress

 

the airplane.

VFE

Maximum Flap Extended Speed is the highest speed permis-

 

sible with wing flaps in a prescribed, extended position.

VLE

Maximum Landing Gear Extended Speedis the maximum

 

speed at which an aircraft can be safely flown with the lan-

 

ding gear extended.

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Piper PA-31T Cheyenne X

VLO

Maximum Landing Gear Operating Speed is the maximum

 

speed at which the landing gear can be safely extended or

 

retracted.

VMCA

Air Minimum Control Speed is the minimum flight speed at

 

which the airplane is directionally controllable as determined

 

in accordance with Federal Aviation Regulations.

VMO/MMO

Maximum Operating Speed is the speed limit that may not

 

be deliberately exceeded in normal flight operations. V is

 

expressed in Knots and M in mach number.

VNO

Maximum Structural Cruising Speed is the speed that should

 

not be exceeded except in smooth air and then only with

 

caution.

VS

Stall Speed or the minimum steady flight speed at which the

 

airplane is controllable.

VSO

Stall Speed or the minimum steady flight speed at which the

 

airplane is controllable in landing configuration.

VSSE

Intentional One Engine Inoperative Speed is the minimum

 

speed selected by the manufacturer for intentionally rende-

 

ring one engine inoperative in flight for pilot training.

VX

Best Angle of Climb Speed is the airspeed which delivers the

 

greatest gain of altitude in the shortest possible horizontal

 

distance..

VY

Best Rate of Climb Speed is the airspeed which delivers the

 

greatest gain in altitude in the shortest possible time.

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(b) Meteorological Terminology

ISA

International Standard Atmosphere in which:

 

(1)

The air is a dry perfect gas;

 

(2)

The temperature at sea level is 15°C (59°F)

 

(3)

The pressure at sea level is 29.92 inches (1013.2 mb).

 

(4)

The temperature gradient from sea level to the altitude

 

at which the temperature is -56.5°C (-69.7°F) is -0.00198°C

 

(-0.003564°F) per foot and zero above that altitude.

OAT

Outside Air Temperature is the free air static temperature

 

obtained either from in flight temperature indications or

 

ground meteorological sources, adjusted for instrument error

 

and compressibility effects.

IPA

Indicated Pressure Altitude is the number actually read from

 

an altimeter when the barometric subscale has been set to

 

29.92 inches of mercury (1013.2 millibars).

SP

Station Pressure is the actual atmospheric pressure at field

 

elevation.

Wind

The wind velocities recorded as variables on the charts of this

 

manual are to be understood as the headwind or tailwind

 

components of the reported winds.

(c) Power Terminology

Takeoff Power Maximum power permissible during takeoff.

Maximum Con-Maximum power permissible continuously during takeoff, tinuous Power one engine inoperative and emergency operations only.

Maximum

Maximum power permissible during climb (Maximum

Climb Power

normal operating power).

Maximum

Maximum power permissible during cruise (Maximum

Cruise Power

normal operating power).

Maximum NorMaximum power permissible continuously during all mal Operating normal operations.

Power

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Piper PA-31T Cheyenne X

(d) Engine Controls and Instruments

Power Control The lever which modulates engine power from reverse

Lever

thrust through takeoff power.

Propeller

The lever which requests a propeller governor to maintain

Control Lever

propeller rpm at a selected value or feathers a propeller.

Condition

The lever which controls fuel flow to an engine.

Lever

 

Beta Range

The region where the propeller blade angle is between

 

the fine pitch stop and the maximum reverse pitch

 

setting.

ITT Gauge

Inter-Turbine Temperature Gauge - indicates temperature

 

immediately upstream of the free turbine vanes.

Propeller RPM

Indicates propeller speed in rpm.

Engine

Indicates shaft output torque in lb-ft.

Torquemeter

 

(e) Airplane performance and Flight Planning Terminology

Climb Gradient The demonstrated ratio of the change in height during

 

a portion of a climb, to the horizontal distance traversed

 

in the same time interval.

Demonstrated

The demonstrated crosswind velocity is the velocity of the

Crosswind

crosswind component for which adequate control of the

Velocity

airplane during takeoff and landing was actually

 

demonstrated during certification tests.

Accelerate-

The distance required to accelerate an airplane to a

STOP Distance

specific speed and, assuming failure of an engine at

 

the instant of that speed is attained, to bring the

 

airplane to a stop.

MEA

Minimum en route IFR altitude.

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Route Segment A part of a route. Each end of that part is identified by

(1)a geographical location or

(2)a point at which a definite radio fix can be established.

(f)Weight and Balance Terminology

Usable Fuel

Fuel available for flight planning.

Unusable Fuel Fuel remaining after a run out test has been completed in accordance with governmental regulations.

Standard EmptyWeight of a standard airplane including unusable fuel,

Weight

full operating fluids and full oil.

Basic Empty

Standard empty weight plus operational equipment.

Weight

 

Payload

Weight of occupants, cargo and baggage.

Useful Load

Difference between takeoff weight, or ramp weight if

 

applicable, and basic empty weight.

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Piper PA-31T Cheyenne X

Instrument panels

The Piper Cheyenne offers two ways to access the cockpit: A classic 2D cockpit view, and a 3D virtual cockpit view. By default, Microsoft Flightsimulator X will load the aircraft in 3D virtual cockpit view.

In classic 2D panel view, 5 different instrument panels are provided: Normal view, approach view, landing view, IFR view, VFR view and copilot view. In addition, Microsoft Flightsimulator X provides a Minipanel view and a view mode where no panel is displayed. Cycling through this view is achieved using the W (forward) and SHIFT-W (backward) keys. Please note that it is not possible to use a joystick´s coolie hat to access the panel views in 2D mode.

Views

Normal view:

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IFR view:

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Piper PA-31T Cheyenne X

Approach/Landing view:

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VFR view:

From the 2D cocpit, several sub-panels or view options may be selected by hidden clickspots and hotkeys. In summary, the following views and sub-panels are available:

• Normal view - Captain

• Normal view - Copilot

• IFR view - Captain

• ADI/HSI zoomed - Captain

• Landing view - Captain

• Yoke visible

• VFR view - Captain

• Fuel selectors

• Overhead-Panel

• Kneeboard

• Center pedestal

• Map view

• Radios

• Microsoft ATC window

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Piper PA-31T Cheyenne X

Panel navigation by clickspots

In addition to these clickspots, panel view may also be selected by hotkeys:

SHIFT-2: Overhead panel

SHIFT-3: Center pedestal

SHIFT-4: Fuel crossfeed panel

SHIFT-5: ADI/HSI zoom

SHIFT-6: Right radio stack

SHIFT-7: Configuration screen

SHIFT-8: Autopilot zoom

SHIFT-9: VOR2 & Alt preselect

Sub-panels can be closed by clicking in the upper-right corner of the background bitmap.

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The following additional hidden clickspots are available:

ADI: Zooms the ADI and HSI

Trimble GPS glass display: opens the map view window

Area between radio stack and Glareshield: Displays the right radio stack

Registration plate: Opens the kneeboard

Fuel Flow gauges: Fuel selector window

Microphone (Copilot view): Microsoft Flight Simulator ATC window

Yoke shaft: Displays or hides the yoke

Altitude preselector: Display the NAV2 gauge

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Piper PA-31T Cheyenne X

Overview

Pilot Panel

1:

Attitude Direction Indicator

15: Engine Torque

2:

Horizontal Situation Indicator

16: ITT Gauge

3:

Altimeter

17: Propeller RPM

4:

Vertical Speed Indicator & TCAS

18: Gas Generator RPM

5:

Radar Altimeter

19: Fuel Flow

6:

True Airspeed Indicator

20: Fuel Pressure

7:

Turn & Bank Indicator

21: Oil Pressure

8:

KNI 582 RMI

22: Oil Temperature

9:

OAT Indicator

23: KMA 28 Audio Panel

10: Clock

24: KY 196A COM1/2 Radios

11: Cabin Pressure Test Switch

25: KN 53 NAV1/2 Radios

12: Gyro Pressure

26: Trimble 2000 GPS

13: Pneumatic Pressure

27: KR 87 ADF Radio 1

14: Inverter & Bus Tie Switches

28: KAS 297 Altitude Preselector

 

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