ZyXEL Communications ZyWALL 2WE User Manual

ZyWALL 2/2WE

Internet Security Gateway

User’s Guide

Version 3.60

March 2003

ZyWALL 2 and ZyWALL 2WE

Copyright

Copyright © 2003 by ZyXEL Communications Corporation.

The contents of this publication may not be reproduced in any part or as a whole, transcribed, stored in a
retrieval system, translated into any language, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic,
mechanical, magnetic, optical, chemical, photocopying, manual, or otherwise, without the prior written
permission of ZyXEL Communications Corporation.
Published by ZyXEL Communications Corporation. All rights reserved.

Disclaimer

ZyXEL does not assume any liability arising out of the application or use of any products, or software
described herein. Neither does it convey any license under its patent rights nor the patent rights of others.
ZyXEL further reserves the right to make changes in any products described herein without notice.

This publication is subject to change without notice.

Trademarks

Trademarks mentioned in this publication are used for identification purposes only and may be properties of
their respective owners.

ii Copyright

ZyWALL 2 and ZyWALL 2WE

Federal Communications Commission (FCC)

Interference Statement

This device complies with Part 15 of FCC rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions:
This device may not cause harmful interference.
This device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired
operations.
This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a CLASS B digital device pursuant to
Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful
interference in a commercial environment. This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency
energy, and if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions, may cause harmful interference to
radio communications.
If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio/television reception, which can be determined by
turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of
the following measures:
Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna.
Increase the separation between the equipment and the receiver.
Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connected.
Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help.

Notice 1

Changes or modifications not expressly approved by the party responsible for compliance could void the
user's authority to operate the equipment.

Certifications

Refer to the product page at www.zyxel.com.

FCC iii

ZyWALL 2 and ZyWALL 2WE

Information for Canadian Users

The Industry Canada label identifies certified equipment. This certification means that the equipment meets
certain telecommunications network protective, operation, and safety requirements. The Industry Canada
does not guarantee that the equipment will operate to a user's satisfaction.
Before installing this equipment, users should ensure that it is permissible to be connected to the facilities of
the local telecommunications company. The equipment must also be installed using an acceptable method of
connection. In some cases, the company's inside wiring associated with a single line individual service may
be extended by means of a certified connector assembly. The customer should be aware that the compliance
with the above conditions may not prevent degradation of service in some situations.
Repairs to certified equipment should be made by an authorized Canadian maintenance facility designated by
the supplier. Any repairs or alterations made by the user to this equipment, or equipment malfunctions, may
give the telecommunications company cause to request the user to disconnect the equipment.
For their own protection, users should ensure that the electrical ground connections of the power utility,
telephone lines, and internal metallic water pipe system, if present, are connected together. This precaution
may be particularly important in rural areas.

Caution

Users should not attempt to make such connections themselves, but should contact the appropriate electrical
inspection authority, or electrician, as appropriate.

Note

This digital apparatus does not exceed the class A limits for radio noise emissions from digital apparatus set
out in the radio interference regulations of Industry Canada.

iv Information for Canadian Users

ZyWALL 2 and ZyWALL 2WE

ZyXEL Limited Warranty

ZyXEL warrants to the original end user (purchaser) that this product is free from any defects in materials or
workmanship for a period of up to two years from the date of purchase. During the warranty period, and upon
proof of purchase, should the product have indications of failure due to faulty workmanship and/or materials,
ZyXEL will, at its discretion, repair or replace the defective products or components without charge for
either parts or labor, and to whatever extent it shall deem necessary to restore the product or components to
proper operating condition. Any replacement will consist of a new or re-manufactured functionally
equivalent product of equal value, and will be solely at the discretion of ZyXEL. This warranty shall not
apply if the product is modified, misused, tampered with, damaged by an act of God, or subjected to
abnormal working conditions.

NOTE

Repair or replacement, as provided under this warranty, is the exclusive remedy of the purchaser. This
warranty is in lieu of all other warranties, express or implied, including any implied warranty of
merchantability or fitness for a particular use or purpose. ZyXEL shall in no event be held liable for indirect
or consequential damages of any kind of character to the purchaser.
To obtain the services of this warranty, contact ZyXEL's Service Center for your Return Material
Authorization number (RMA). Products must be returned Postage Prepaid. It is recommended that the unit be
insured when shipped. Any returned products without proof of purchase or those with an out-dated warranty
will be repaired or replaced (at the discretion of ZyXEL) and the customer will be billed for parts and labor.
All repaired or replaced products will be shipped by ZyXEL to the corresponding return address, Postage
Paid. This warranty gives you specific legal rights, and you may also have other rights that vary from country
to country.

Online Registration

Register online registration at www.zyxel.com for free future product updates and information.

Warranty v

ZyWALL 2 and ZyWALL 2WE

Customer Support

When you contact your customer support representative please have the following information ready:
Please have the following information ready when you contact customer support.

• Product model and serial number.

• Information in Menu 24.2.1 – System Information.

• Warranty Information.

• Date that you received your device.

• Brief description of the problem and the steps you took to solve it.

LOCATION
WORLDWIDE

AMERICA

METHOD

[e-mail]

[e-mail]

[e-mail] [phone]

[e-mail]

[e-mail] [phone] www.zyxel.dk SCANDINAVIA

[e-mail]

[e-mail] [phone] www.zyxel.de GERMANY

[e-mail]

E-MAIL

SUPPORT/SALES

[phone] ftp.europe.zyxel.com

[phone] ftp.zyxel.com

[phone] ftp.zyxel.dk

[phone]

TELEPHONE/FAX WEB SITE/ FTP SITE REGULAR MAIL

[phone] www.zyxel.com

www.europe.zyxel.com

www.zyxel.com NORTH

800-255-4101

ZyXEL Communications Corp.,
6 Innovation Road II, Science­Based Industrial Park, Hsinchu
300, Taiwan

ZyXEL Communications Inc.,
1650 Miraloma Avenue,
Placentia, CA 92870, U.S.A.

ZyXEL Communications A/S,
Columbusvej 5, 2860 Soeborg,
Denmark

ZyXEL Deutschland GmbH.
Adenauerstr. 20/A2 D-52146
Wuerselen, Germany

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Table of Contents

Copyright......................................................................................................................................................ii

Federal Communications Commission (FCC) Interference Statement................................................. iii

Information for Canadian Users ...............................................................................................................iv

ZyXEL Limited Warranty ..........................................................................................................................v

Customer Support ......................................................................................................................................vi

List of Figures ...........................................................................................................................................xvi

List of Tables .......................................................................................................................................... xxiii

Preface ....................................................................................................................................................xxvii

Overview ........................................................................................................................................................... I

Chapter 1 Getting to Know Your ZyWALL .......................................................................................... 1-1

1.1 Introducing the ZyWALL 2/2WE Internet Security Gateway ................................................... 1-1

1.2 Features ...................................................................................................................................... 1-1

1.3 Applications for the ZyWALL................................................................................................... 1-5

Chapter 2 Hardware Installation ........................................................................................................... 2-1

2.1 Introduction to Hardware Installation ........................................................................................ 2-1

2.2 Front Panels LEDs .................................................................................................................... 2-1

2.3 LED Descriptions....................................................................................................................... 2-2

2.4 ZyWALL Rear Panels and Connections .................................................................................... 2-3

2.5 Hardware Connections ............................................................................................................... 2-3

2.6 Hardware Mounting Options...................................................................................................... 2-5

2.7 Additional Installation Requirements for Using 802.1x............................................................. 2-5

2.8 Turning On Your ZyWALL....................................................................................................... 2-5

Initial Setup and Configuration.....................................................................................................................II

Chapter 3 Introducing the Web Configurator ......................................................................................3-1

3.1 Introduction to the Web Configurator ........................................................................................ 3-1

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3.2 Accessing the ZyWALL Web Configurator ...............................................................................3-1

3.3 Web Configurator Navigation.....................................................................................................3-2

Chapter 4 Introducing the SMT..............................................................................................................4-1

4.1 Introduction to the SMT..............................................................................................................4-1

4.2 Accessing the Console Port via the Console Port .......................................................................4-1

4.3 Navigating the SMT Interface.....................................................................................................4-2

4.4 Changing the System Password ..................................................................................................4-7

4.5 Resetting the ZyWALL...............................................................................................................4-8

Chapter 5 SMT Menu 1 - General Setup................................................................................................5-1

5.1 Introduction to General Setup.....................................................................................................5-1

5.2 System Name ..............................................................................................................................5-1

5.3 Dynamic DNS.............................................................................................................................5-1

5.4 General Setup..............................................................................................................................5-2

Chapter 6 WAN Setup..............................................................................................................................6-1

6.1 Introduction to WAN Setup ........................................................................................................ 6-1

6.2 Cloning The MAC Address ........................................................................................................6-1

6.3 WAN Setup.................................................................................................................................6-1

Chapter 7 LAN Setup...............................................................................................................................7-1

7.1 Introduction to LAN Setup .........................................................................................................7-1

7.2 Accessing the LAN Menus .........................................................................................................7-1

7.3 LAN Port Filter Setup.................................................................................................................7-1

7.4 TCP/IP and LAN DHCP.............................................................................................................7-2

7.5 TCP/IP and DHCP Ethernet Setup Menu ...................................................................................7-5

7.6 Wireless LAN ...........................................................................................................................7-10

7.7 Wireless LAN Setup .................................................................................................................7-11

Chapter 8 Wireless LAN Security Setup ................................................................................................8-1

8.1 Introduction to Wireless LAN Security ......................................................................................8-1

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8.2 Levels of Security ...................................................................................................................... 8-1

8.3 Data Encryption with WEP ........................................................................................................8-2

8.4 Network Authentication ............................................................................................................. 8-3

8.5 Local User Authentication ......................................................................................................... 8-8

8.6 MAC Address Filtering............................................................................................................ 8-10

Chapter 9 Internet Access ....................................................................................................................... 9-1

9.1 Introduction to Internet Access Setup ........................................................................................ 9-1

9.2 Ethernet Encapsulation............................................................................................................... 9-1

9.3 PPTP Encapsulation ................................................................................................................... 9-2

9.4 PPPoE Encapsulation ................................................................................................................. 9-3

9.5 Basic Setup Complete ................................................................................................................ 9-5

Advanced Applications ................................................................................................................................. III

Chapter 10 Remote Node Setup............................................................................................................ 10-1

10.1 Introduction to Remote Node Setup..................................................................................... 10-1

10.2 Remote Node Setup.............................................................................................................. 10-1

10.3 Remote Node Profile Setup.................................................................................................. 10-2

10.4 Edit IP .................................................................................................................................. 10-7

10.5 Remote Node Filter ..............................................................................................................10-9

10.6 Traffic Redirect .................................................................................................................. 10-10

Chapter 11 IP Static Route Setup ..........................................................................................................11-1

11.1 Introduction to Static Route ................................................................................................. 11-1

11.2 IP Static Route Setup............................................................................................................ 11-2

Chapter 12 Network Address Translation (NAT) ............................................................................... 12-1

12.1 Introduction to NAT.............................................................................................................12-1

12.2 Using NAT........................................................................................................................... 12-6

12.3 NAT Setup ........................................................................................................................... 12-8

12.4 NAT Server Sets – Port Forwarding .................................................................................. 12-14

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12.5 General NAT Examples......................................................................................................12-17

12.6 Trigger Port Forwarding .....................................................................................................12-24

Firewall and Content Filters.........................................................................................................................IV

Chapter 13 Firewalls..............................................................................................................................13-1

13.1 Introduction to Firewalls.......................................................................................................13-1

13.2 Types of Firewalls.................................................................................................................13-1

13.3 Introduction to ZyXEL’s Firewall ........................................................................................13-2

13.4 Denial of Service...................................................................................................................13-3

13.5 Stateful Inspection ................................................................................................................13-7

13.6 Guidelines For Enhancing Security With Your Firewall....................................................13-11

13.7 Packet Filtering Vs Firewall ...............................................................................................13-12

Chapter 14 Introducing the ZyWALL Firewall ...................................................................................14-1

14.1 Introduction to the ZyWALL Firewall..................................................................................14-1

14.2 Remote Management and the Firewall .................................................................................14-1

14.3 Access Methods ....................................................................................................................14-1

14.4 Using ZyWALL SMT Menus...............................................................................................14-1

Chapter 15 Firewall Configuration.......................................................................................................15-1

15.1 Introduction to Firewall Configuration .................................................................................15-1

15.2 Enabling the Firewall............................................................................................................15-1

15.3 Attack Alert...........................................................................................................................15-3

Chapter 16 Creating Custom Rules ......................................................................................................16-1

16.1 Introduction to Custom Rules ...............................................................................................16-1

16.2 Rule Logic Overview............................................................................................................16-2

16.3 Connection Direction Examples ...........................................................................................16-3

16.4 Rule Summary ......................................................................................................................16-5

16.5 Predefined Services...............................................................................................................16-7

16.6 Custom Ports.......................................................................................................................16-14

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16.7 Creating/Editing A Custom Port ........................................................................................ 16-14

16.8 Example Firewall Rule....................................................................................................... 16-15

Chapter 17 Content Filtering................................................................................................................ 17-1

17.1 Introduction to Content Filtering.......................................................................................... 17-1

17.2 Restrict Web Features .......................................................................................................... 17-1

17.3 Days and Times.................................................................................................................... 17-1

17.4 Configure Content Filtering ................................................................................................. 17-1

Logs, Filter Configuration, and SNMP Configuration ................................................................................V

Chapter 18 Centralized Logs................................................................................................................ 18-1

18.1 Introduction to Centralized Logs.......................................................................................... 18-1

18.2 View Log.............................................................................................................................. 18-1

18.3 Log Settings ......................................................................................................................... 18-3

18.4 Reports ................................................................................................................................. 18-6

Chapter 19 Filter Configuration........................................................................................................... 19-1

19.1 Introduction to Filters........................................................................................................... 19-1

19.2 Configuring a Filter Set........................................................................................................19-4

19.3 Example Filter.................................................................................................................... 19-13

19.4 Filter Types and SUA/NAT ............................................................................................... 19-16

19.5 Firewall Versus Filters ....................................................................................................... 19-16

19.6 Applying a Filter and Factory Defaults.............................................................................. 19-17

Chapter 20 SNMP Configuration ......................................................................................................... 20-1

20.1 Introduction to SNMP.......................................................................................................... 20-1

20.2 Supported MIBs ................................................................................................................... 20-3

20.3 SNMP Configuration............................................................................................................ 20-3

20.4 SNMP Traps......................................................................................................................... 20-4

System Information and Diagnosis and Firmware and Configuration File Maintenance...................... VI

Chapter 21 System Information & Diagnosis...................................................................................... 21-1

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21.1 Introduction to System Status ...............................................................................................21-1

21.2 System Status........................................................................................................................21-1

21.3 System Information and Console Port Speed........................................................................21-3

21.4 Log and Trace .......................................................................................................................21-6

21.5 Diagnostic ...........................................................................................................................21-11

Chapter 22 Firmware and Configuration File Maintenance ..............................................................22-1

22.1 Filename Conventions ..........................................................................................................22-1

22.2 Backup Configuration...........................................................................................................22-2

22.3 Restore Configuration...........................................................................................................22-8

22.4 Uploading Firmware and Configuration Files ....................................................................22-11

System Maintenance and Information and Remote Management.......................................................... VII

Chapter 23 System Maintenance & Information.................................................................................23-1

23.1 Command Interpreter Mode..................................................................................................23-1

23.2 Call Control Support.............................................................................................................23-2

23.3 Time and Date Setting ..........................................................................................................23-5

Chapter 24 Remote Management ......................................................................................................... 24-1

24.1 Remote Management and the Firewall .................................................................................24-1

24.2 Telnet ....................................................................................................................................24-1

24.3 FTP .......................................................................................................................................24-2

24.4 Web....................................................................................................................................... 24-2

24.5 SNMP ...................................................................................................................................24-2

24.6 DNS ......................................................................................................................................24-2

24.7 Remote Management ............................................................................................................24-2

24.8 Remote Management and SUA/NAT ...................................................................................24-4

24.9 System Timeout .................................................................................................................... 24-5

Call Scheduling and VPN/IPSec................................................................................................................VIII

Chapter 25 Call Scheduling...................................................................................................................25-1

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25.1 Introduction to Call Scheduling ........................................................................................... 25-1

25.2 Configuring Call Scheduling................................................................................................ 25-1

25.3 Applying Schedule Sets ....................................................................................................... 25-3

Chapter 26 Introduction to IPSec......................................................................................................... 26-1

26.1 VPN Overview..................................................................................................................... 26-1

26.2 IPSec Architecture ............................................................................................................... 26-3

26.3 Encapsulation ....................................................................................................................... 26-5

26.4 IPSec and NAT .................................................................................................................... 26-5

Chapter 27 VPN/IPSec Setup ............................................................................................................... 27-1

27.1 VPN/IPSec Overview........................................................................................................... 27-1

27.2 IPSec Algorithms ................................................................................................................. 27-1

27.3 My IP Address...................................................................................................................... 27-2

27.4 Secure Gateway Address...................................................................................................... 27-2

27.5 Summary Screen ..................................................................................................................27-3

27.6 Keep Alive ........................................................................................................................... 27-4

27.7 NAT Traversal ..................................................................................................................... 27-5

27.8 ID Type and Content............................................................................................................ 27-5

27.9 Configuring Basic IKE VPN Rule Setup ............................................................................. 27-7

27.10 IKE Phases ......................................................................................................................... 27-12

27.11 Configuring Advanced IKE Setup ..................................................................................... 27-14

27.12 Manual Key Setup.............................................................................................................. 27-20

27.13 Configuring Edit Manual Setup ......................................................................................... 27-20

27.14 SA Monitor ........................................................................................................................ 27-24

27.15 Global Settings................................................................................................................... 27-26

27.16 Telecommuter VPN/IPSec Examples ................................................................................ 27-27

Troubleshooting............................................................................................................................................. IX

Chapter 28 Troubleshooting ................................................................................................................. 28-1

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23.1 Problems Starting Up the ZyWALL .....................................................................................28-1

28.1 Problems with a LAN Interface ............................................................................................ 28-2

28.2 Problems with the WAN Interface........................................................................................28-2

28.3 Problems with Internet Access..............................................................................................28-3

23.2 Problems with the Password ................................................................................................. 28-3

28.4 Problems with Remote Management .................................................................................... 28-3

General Appendices........................................................................................................................................ X

Appendix A Setting up Your Computer’s IP Address............................................................................... 1

Appendix B Antennas................................................................................................................................ 14

Appendix C Triangle Route ...................................................................................................................... 16

Appendix D The Big Picture..................................................................................................................... 19

Appendix E Wireless LAN and IEEE 802.11 ..........................................................................................20

Appendix F Wireless LAN With IEEE 802.1x ........................................................................................23

Appendix G PPPoE ................................................................................................................................... 27

Appendix H PPTP ..................................................................................................................................... 29

Appendix I Hardware Specifications....................................................................................................... 32

Appendix J Universal Plug and Play ....................................................................................................... 36

Appendix K IP Subnetting ........................................................................................................................ 45

Appendix L Safety Warnings and Instructions....................................................................................... 53

Command and Log Appendices ....................................................................................................................XI

Appendix M Command Interpreter.........................................................................................................57

Appendix N Firewall Commands............................................................................................................. 58

Appendix O NetBIOS Filter Commands................................................................................................. 65

Appendix P Boot Commands.................................................................................................................... 68

Appendix Q Log Descriptions ..................................................................................................................70

Appendix R Brute-Force Password Guessing Protection ...................................................................... 88

Index .............................................................................................................................................................XII

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Index ............................................................................................................................................................A

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List of Figures

Figure 1-1 Secure Internet Access and VPN Application ...............................................................................1-6

Figure 1-2 ZyWALL 2WE Wireless LAN Application...................................................................................1-6

Figure 2-1 ZyWALL 2WE Front Panel...........................................................................................................2-1

Figure 2-2 ZyWALL 2 Front Panel.................................................................................................................2-2

Figure 2-3 ZyWALL 2WE Rear Panel............................................................................................................2-3

Figure 2-4 ZyWALL 2 Rear Panel..................................................................................................................2-3

Figure 3-1 Change Password Screen ..............................................................................................................3-1

Figure 3-2 Web Configurator Main Menu ......................................................................................................3-2

Figure 4-1 Initial Screen .................................................................................................................................4-1

Figure 4-2 Password Screen ...........................................................................................................................4-2

Figure 4-3 Main Menu (ZyWALL 2WE)........................................................................................................4-3

Figure 4-4 Getting Started and Advanced Applications SMT Menus (ZyWALL 2WE).................................4-5

Figure 4-5 Advanced Management SMT Menus ............................................................................................4-6

Figure 4-6 Schedule Setup and IPSec VPN Configuration SMT Menus........................................................4-7

Figure 4-7 Menu 23: System Password ..........................................................................................................4-7

Figure 4-8 Example Xmodem Upload............................................................................................................4-8

Figure 5-1 Menu 1: General Setup..................................................................................................................5-2

Figure 5-2 Configure Dynamic DNS..............................................................................................................5-3

Figure 6-1 MAC Address Cloning in WAN Setup..........................................................................................6-1

Figure 7-1 Menu 3: LAN Setup......................................................................................................................7-1

Figure 7-2 Menu 3.1: LAN Port Filter Setup..................................................................................................7-2

Figure 7-3 Physical Network .......................................................................................................................... 7-5

Figure 7-4 Partitioned Logical Networks .......................................................................................................7-5

Figure 7-5 Menu 3: TCP/IP and DHCP Setup ................................................................................................7-6

Figure 7-6 Menu 3.2: TCP/IP and DHCP Ethernet Setup...............................................................................7-6

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Figure 7-7 Menu 3.2.1: IP Alias Setup........................................................................................................... 7-9

Figure 7-8 RTS Threshold............................................................................................................................7-11

Figure 7-9 Menu 3.5 – Wireless LAN Setup................................................................................................ 7-12

Figure 8-1 ZyWALL Wireless Security Levels .............................................................................................. 8-1

Figure 8-2 Wireless LAN ............................................................................................................................... 8-2

Figure 8-3 Sequence for EAP Authentication ................................................................................................ 8-5

Figure 8-4 Wireless LAN 802.1X Authentication .......................................................................................... 8-6

Figure 8-5 Authentication RADIUS............................................................................................................... 8-7

Figure 8-6 Local User Database..................................................................................................................... 8-9

Figure 8-7 WLAN MAC Address Filter....................................................................................................... 8-10

Figure 9-1 Menu 4: Internet Access Setup (Ethernet).................................................................................... 9-1

Figure 9-2 Internet Access Setup (PPTP)....................................................................................................... 9-3

Figure 9-3 Internet Access Setup (PPPoE)..................................................................................................... 9-4

Figure 10-1 Menu 11 Remote Node Setup................................................................................................... 10-1

Figure 10-2 Menu 11.1: Remote Node Profile for Ethernet Encapsulation ................................................. 10-2

Figure 10-3 Menu 11.1: Remote Node Profile for PPPoE Encapsulation.................................................... 10-4

Figure 10-4 Menu 11.1: Remote Node Profile for PPTP Encapsulation...................................................... 10-6

Figure 10-5 Menu 11.3: Remote Node Network Layer Options for Ethernet Encapsulation ...................... 10-7

Figure 10-6 Menu 11.5: Remote Node Filter (Ethernet Encapsulation)....................................................... 10-9

Figure 10-7 Menu 11.5: Remote Node Filter (PPPoE or PPTP Encapsulation)......................................... 10-10

Figure 10-8 Traffic Redirect WAN Setup................................................................................................... 10-10

Figure 10-9 Traffic Redirect LAN Setup ....................................................................................................10-11

Figure 10-10 Menu 11.1: Remote Node Profile..........................................................................................10-11

Figure 10-11 Menu 11.6: Traffic Redirect Setup........................................................................................ 10-12

Figure 11-1 Example of Static Routing Topology.........................................................................................11-1

Figure 11-2 Menu 12: IP Static Route Setup.................................................................................................11-2

Figure 11-3 Menu 12. 1: Edit IP Static Route ...............................................................................................11-3

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Figure 12-1 How NAT Works.......................................................................................................................12-3

Figure 12-2 NAT Application With IP Alias .................................................................................................12-4

Figure 12-3 Menu 4: Applying NAT for Internet Access..............................................................................12-7

Figure 12-4 Menu 11.3: Applying NAT to the Remote Node .......................................................................12-8

Figure 12-5 Menu 15: NAT Setup ................................................................................................................12-9

Figure 12-6 Menu 15.1: Address Mapping Sets ...........................................................................................12-9

Figure 12-7 Menu 15.1.255: SUA Address Mapping Rules .......................................................................12-10

Figure 12-8 Menu 15.1.1: First Set............................................................................................................. 12-11

Figure 12-9 Menu 15.1.1.1: Editing/Configuring an Individual Rule in a Set............................................12-13

Figure 12-10 Menu 15.2: NAT Server Setup .............................................................................................. 12-16

Figure 12-11 Multiple Servers Behind NAT Example................................................................................12-16

Figure 12-12 NAT Example 1.....................................................................................................................12-17

Figure 12-13 Menu 4: Internet Access & NAT Example ............................................................................ 12-17

Figure 12-14 NAT Example 2.....................................................................................................................12-18

Figure 12-15 Menu 15.2: Specifying an Inside Server ...............................................................................12-19

Figure 12-16 NAT Example 3.....................................................................................................................12-20

Figure 12-17 Example 3: Menu 11.3 .......................................................................................................... 12-21

Figure 12-18 Example 3: Menu 15.1.1.1 ....................................................................................................12-21

Figure 12-19 Example 3: Final Menu 15.1.1..............................................................................................12-22

Figure 12-20 Example 3: Menu 15.2 .......................................................................................................... 12-22

Figure 12-21 NAT Example 4.....................................................................................................................12-23

Figure 12-22 Example 4: Menu 15.1.1.1: Address Mapping Rule .............................................................12-24

Figure 12-23 Example 4: Menu 15.1.1: Address Mapping Rules...............................................................12-24

Figure 12-24 Trigger Port Forwarding Process: Example ..........................................................................12-25

Figure 12-25 Menu 15.3—Trigger Port Setup............................................................................................ 12-26

Figure 13-1 ZyWALL Firewall Application .................................................................................................13-3

Figure 13-2 Three-Way Handshake ..............................................................................................................13-5

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Figure 13-3 SYN Flood................................................................................................................................ 13-5

Figure 13-4 Smurf Attack ............................................................................................................................ 13-6

Figure 13-5 Stateful Inspection.................................................................................................................... 13-8

Figure 14-1 Menu 21: Filter and Firewall Setup.......................................................................................... 14-1

Figure 14-2 Menu 21.2: Firewall Setup ....................................................................................................... 14-2

Figure 15-1 Enabling the Firewall ............................................................................................................... 15-2

Figure 15-2 Attack Alert .............................................................................................................................. 15-5

Figure 16-1 LAN to WAN Traffic................................................................................................................ 16-4

Figure 16-2 WAN to LAN Traffic................................................................................................................ 16-4

Figure 16-3 Firewall Rules Summary: First Screen..................................................................................... 16-5

Figure 16-4 Creating/Editing A Firewall Rule ............................................................................................16-11

Figure 16-5 Adding/Editing Source and Destination Addresses ................................................................ 16-13

Figure 16-6 Creating/Editing A Custom Port............................................................................................. 16-14

Figure 16-7 Firewall Rule Configuration Screen Example........................................................................ 16-16

Figure 16-8 Firewall IP Config Screen Example ....................................................................................... 16-17

Figure 16-9 Custom Port Example............................................................................................................. 16-18

Figure 16-10 Rule Configuration Example................................................................................................ 16-19

Figure 16-11 Rule Summary Example ....................................................................................................... 16-20

Figure 17-1Content Filter............................................................................................................................. 17-2

Figure 18-1 View Log .................................................................................................................................. 18-2

Figure 18-2 Log Settings.............................................................................................................................. 18-4

Figure 18-3 Reports ..................................................................................................................................... 18-7

Figure 18-4 Web Site Hits Report Example ................................................................................................. 18-9

Figure 18-5 Protocol/Port Report Example................................................................................................ 18-10

Figure 18-6 LAN IP Address Report Example............................................................................................18-11

Figure 19-1 Outgoing Packet Filtering Process ........................................................................................... 19-2

Figure 19-2 Filter Rule Process.................................................................................................................... 19-3

List of Figures xix

ZyWALL 2 and ZyWALL 2WE

Figure 19-3 Menu 21: Filter and Firewall Setup...........................................................................................19-4

Figure 19-4 Menu 21.1: Filter Set Configuration .........................................................................................19-4

Figure 19-5 Menu 21.1.1.1: TCP/IP Filter Rule ...........................................................................................19-7

Figure 19-6 Executing an IP Filter..............................................................................................................19-10

Figure 19-7 Menu 21.1.4.1: Generic Filter Rule.........................................................................................19-11

Figure 19-8 Telnet Filter Example ..............................................................................................................19-13

Figure 19-9 Example Filter: Menu 21.1.3.1................................................................................................19-14

Figure 19-10 Example Filter Rules Summary: Menu 21.1.3 ...................................................................... 19-15

Figure 19-11 Protocol and Device Filter Sets.............................................................................................19-16

Figure 19-12 Filtering LAN Traffic ............................................................................................................19-17

Figure 19-13 Filtering Remote Node Traffic ..............................................................................................19-18

Figure 20-1 SNMP Management Model.......................................................................................................20-2

Figure 20-2 Menu 22: SNMP Configuration ................................................................................................20-3

Figure 21-1 Menu 24: System Maintenance.................................................................................................21-1

Figure 21-2 Menu 24.1: System Maintenance: Status (ZyWALL 2WE) .....................................................21-2

Figure 21-3 Menu 24.2: System Information and Console Port Speed.........................................................21-4

Figure 21-4 Menu 24.2.1: System Maintenance: Information ......................................................................21-4

Figure 21-5 Menu 24.2.2: System Maintenance: Change Console Port Speed............................................ 21-5

Figure 21-6 Menu 24.3: System Maintenance: Log and Trace ..................................................................... 21-6

Figure 21-7 Examples of Error and Information Messages ..........................................................................21-7

Figure 21-8 Menu 24.3.2: System Maintenance: UNIX Syslog ...................................................................21-7

Figure 21-9 Call-Triggering Packet Example.............................................................................................21-11

Figure 21-10 Menu 24.4: System Maintenance: Diagnostic.......................................................................21-12

Figure 21-11 WAN & LAN DHCP .............................................................................................................21-13

Figure 22-1 Telnet into Menu 24.5 ...............................................................................................................22-3

Figure 22-2 FTP Session Example................................................................................................................22-4

Figure 22-3 System Maintenance: Backup Configuration............................................................................22-7

xx List of Figures

ZyWALL 2 and ZyWALL 2WE

Figure 22-4 System Maintenance: Starting Xmodem Download Screen..................................................... 22-7

Figure 22-5 Backup Configuration Example ............................................................................................... 22-7

Figure 22-6 Successful Backup Confirmation Screen.................................................................................. 22-7

Figure 22-7 Telnet into Menu 24.6............................................................................................................... 22-9

Figure 22-8 Restore Using FTP Session Example ..................................................................................... 22-10

Figure 22-9 System Maintenance: Restore Configuration......................................................................... 22-10

Figure 22-10 System Maintenance: Starting Xmodem Download Screen ................................................. 22-10

Figure 22-11 Restore Configuration Example ............................................................................................22-11

Figure 22-12 Successful Restoration Confirmation Screen ........................................................................22-11

Figure 22-13 Telnet Into Menu 24.7.1: Upload System Firmware............................................................. 22-12

Figure 22-14 Telnet Into Menu 24.7.2: System Maintenance .................................................................... 22-13

Figure 22-15 FTP Session Example of Firmware File Upload .................................................................. 22-14

Figure 22-16 Menu 24.7.1 as seen using the Console Port ........................................................................ 22-16

Figure 22-17 Example Xmodem Upload ................................................................................................... 22-16

Figure 22-18 Menu 24.7.2 as seen using the Console Port ........................................................................ 22-17

Figure 22-19 Example Xmodem Upload ................................................................................................... 22-18

Figure 23-1 Command Mode in Menu 24.................................................................................................... 23-1

Figure 23-2 Valid Commands ...................................................................................................................... 23-2

Figure 23-3 Call Control.............................................................................................................................. 23-2

Figure 23-4 Budget Management................................................................................................................. 23-3

Figure 23-5 Call History .............................................................................................................................. 23-4

Figure 23-6 Menu 24: System Maintenance ................................................................................................ 23-5

Figure 23-7 Menu 24.10 System Maintenance: Time and Date Setting....................................................... 23-5

Figure 24-1 Telnet Configuration on a TCP/IP Network ............................................................................. 24-1

Figure 24-2 Menu 24.11 – Remote Management Control............................................................................ 24-3

Figure 25-1 Menu 26 - Schedule Setup........................................................................................................ 25-1

Figure 25-2 Schedule Set Setup ................................................................................................................... 25-2

List of Figures xxi

ZyWALL 2 and ZyWALL 2WE

Figure 25-3 Applying Schedule Set(s) to a Remote Node (PPPoE)..............................................................25-4

Figure 25-4 Applying Schedule Set(s) to a Remote Node (PPTP) ...............................................................25-5

Figure 26-1 Encryption and Decryption .......................................................................................................26-2

Figure 26-2 VPN Application.......................................................................................................................26-3

Figure 26-3 IPSec Architecture.....................................................................................................................26-4

Figure 26-4 Transport and Tunnel Mode IPSec Encapsulation.....................................................................26-5

Figure 27-1 IPSec Summary Fields..............................................................................................................27-3

Figure 27-2 VPN Summary ..........................................................................................................................27-3

Figure 27-3 NAT Router Between IPSec Routers.........................................................................................27-5

Figure 27-4 Basic IKE VPN Rule Setup....................................................................................................... 27-8

Figure 27-5 Two Phases to Set Up the IPSec SA........................................................................................27-12

Figure 27-6 Advanced IKE VPN Rule Setup.................................................................................................27-15

Figure 27-7 Manual IKE VPN Rule Setup.....................................................................................................27-21

Figure 27-8 VPN SA Monitor.....................................................................................................................27-25

Figure 27-9 VPN Global Setting.................................................................................................................27-26

Figure 27-10 Telecommuters Sharing One VPN Rule Example.................................................................27-28

Figure 27-11 Telecommuters Using Unique VPN Rules Example .............................................................27-29

xxii List of Figures

ZyWALL 2 and ZyWALL 2WE

List of Tables

Table 2-1 LED Descriptions........................................................................................................................... 2-2

Table 2-2 ZyWALL Wireless LAN Coverage................................................................................................ 2-5

Table 4-1 Main Menu Summary .................................................................................................................... 4-3

Table 5-1 General Setup Menu Field ............................................................................................................. 5-2

Table 5-2 Configure Dynamic DNS Menu Fields.......................................................................................... 5-3

Table 6-1 MAC Address Cloning in WAN Setup........................................................................................... 6-2

Table 7-1 Example Of Network Properties For LAN Servers With Fixed IP Addresses ............................... 7-3

Table 7-2 Private IP Address Ranges ............................................................................................................. 7-4

Table 7-3 DHCP Ethernet Setup Menu Fields................................................................................................ 7-7

Table 7-4 LAN TCP/IP Setup Menu Fields.................................................................................................... 7-7

Table 7-5 IP Alias Setup Menu Fields............................................................................................................ 7-9

Table 7-6 Wireless LAN Setup Menu Fields................................................................................................ 7-12

Table 8-1 Wireless LAN................................................................................................................................. 8-3

Table 8-2 Wireless LAN 802.1X Authentication ........................................................................................... 8-6

Table 8-3 Authentication RADIUS ................................................................................................................ 8-7

Table 8-4 Local User Database .................................................................................................................... 8-10

Table 8-5 WLAN MAC Address Filter .........................................................................................................8-11

Table 9-1 Menu 4: Internet Access Setup Menu Fields.................................................................................. 9-1

Table 9-2 New Fields in Menu 4 (PPTP) Screen ........................................................................................... 9-3

Table 9-3 New Fields in Menu 4 (PPPoE) screen .......................................................................................... 9-4

Table 10-1 Fields in Menu 11.1.................................................................................................................... 10-2

Table 10-2 Fields in Menu 11.1 (PPPoE Encapsulation Specific) ............................................................... 10-5

Table 10-3 Fields in Menu 11.1 (PPTP Encapsulation)................................................................................ 10-6

Table 10-4 Remote Node Network Layer Options Menu Fields.................................................................. 10-8

Table 10-5 Menu 11.1: Remote Node Profile (Traffic Redirect Field) ...................................................... 10-12

List of Tables xxiii

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Table 10-6 Traffic Redirect Setup...............................................................................................................10-12

Table 11-1 IP Static Route Menu Fields .......................................................................................................11-3

Table 12-1 NAT Definitions..........................................................................................................................12-1

Table 12-2 NAT Mapping Types...................................................................................................................12-5

Table 12-3 Applying NAT in Menus 4 & 11.3..............................................................................................12-8

Table 12-4 SUA Address Mapping Rules ...................................................................................................12-10

Table 12-5 Fields in Menu 15.1.1 ...............................................................................................................12-12

Table 12-6 Menu 15.1.1.1: Editing/Configuring an Individual Rule in a Set .............................................12-13

Table 12-7 Services & Port Numbers .........................................................................................................12-14

Table 12-8 Menu 15.3—Trigger Port Setup Description............................................................................12-27

Table 13-1 Common IP Ports........................................................................................................................13-4

Table 13-2 ICMP Commands That Trigger Alerts........................................................................................13-6

Table 13-3 Legal NetBIOS Commands ........................................................................................................ 13-7

Table 13-4 Legal SMTP Commands.............................................................................................................13-7

Table 15-1 Attack Alert.................................................................................................................................15-5

Table 16-1 Firewall Rules Summary: First Screen .......................................................................................16-5

Table 16-2 Predefined Services ....................................................................................................................16-7

Table 16-3 Creating/Editing A Firewall Rule ............................................................................................. 16-11

Table 16-4 Adding/Editing Source and Destination Addresses ..................................................................16-13

Table 16-5 Creating/Editing A Custom Port ...............................................................................................16-15

Table 17-1 Content Filter ..............................................................................................................................17-2

Table 18-1 View Log ....................................................................................................................................18-2

Table 18-2 Log Settings ................................................................................................................................ 18-5

Table 18-3 Reports........................................................................................................................................18-8

Table 18-4 Web Site Hits Report ..................................................................................................................18-9

Table 18-5 Protocol/Port Report .................................................................................................................18-10

Table 18-6 Protocol/Port Report .................................................................................................................18-11

xxiv List of Tables

ZyWALL 2 and ZyWALL 2WE

Table 18-7 Reports Specifications.............................................................................................................. 18-12

Table 19-1 Abbreviations Used in the Filter Rules Summary Menu............................................................ 19-5

Table 19-2 Rule Abbreviations Used ........................................................................................................... 19-6

Table 19-3 TCP/IP Filter Rule Menu Fields................................................................................................. 19-7

Table 19-4 Generic Filter Rule Menu Fields.............................................................................................. 19-12

Table 20-1 SNMP Configuration Menu Fields............................................................................................. 20-3

Table 20-2 SNMP Traps............................................................................................................................... 20-4

Table 21-1 System Maintenance: Status Menu Fields.................................................................................. 21-2

Table 21-2 Fields in System Maintenance: Information .............................................................................. 21-5

Table 21-3 System Maintenance Menu Syslog Parameters.......................................................................... 21-8

Table 21-4 System Maintenance Menu Diagnostic.................................................................................... 21-13

Table 22-1 Filename Conventions................................................................................................................ 22-2

Table 22-2 General Commands for GUI-based FTP Clients........................................................................ 22-4

Table 22-3 General Commands for GUI-based TFTP Clients ..................................................................... 22-6

Table 23-1 Budget Management .................................................................................................................. 23-3

Table 23-2 Call History Fields ..................................................................................................................... 23-4

Table 23-3 Time and Date Setting Fields..................................................................................................... 23-6

Table 24-1 Menu 24.11 – Remote Management Control ............................................................................. 24-3

Table 25-1Schedule Set Setup Fields ........................................................................................................... 25-2

Table 26-1 VPN and NAT ............................................................................................................................ 26-6

Table 27-1 AH and ESP ............................................................................................................................... 27-1

Table 27-2 VPN Summary ........................................................................................................................... 27-4

Table 27-3 Local ID Type and Content Fields ............................................................................................. 27-6

Table 27-4 Peer ID Type and Content Fields ............................................................................................... 27-6

Table 27-5 Matching ID Type and Content Configuration Example............................................................ 27-7

Table 27-6 Mismatching ID Type and Content Configuration Example...................................................... 27-7

Table 27-7 Basic IKE VPN Rule Setup........................................................................................................ 27-8

List of Tables xxv

ZyWALL 2 and ZyWALL 2WE

Table 27-8 Advanced IKE VPN Rule Setup...................................................................................................27-16

Table 27-9 Manual IKE VPN Rule Setup ......................................................................................................27-21

Table 27-10 VPN SA Monitor ....................................................................................................................27-25

Table 27-11 VPN Global Setting ................................................................................................................27-26

Table 27-12 Telecommuter and Headquarters Configuration Example......................................................27-27

Table 28-1 Troubleshooting the Start-Up of Your ZyWALL ........................................................................28-1

Table 28-2 Troubleshooting the LAN Interface............................................................................................28-2

Table 28-3 Troubleshooting the WAN interface ...........................................................................................28-2

Table 28-4 Troubleshooting Internet Access.................................................................................................28-3

Table 28-5 Troubleshooting the Password....................................................................................................28-3

Table 28-6 Troubleshooting Telnet ...............................................................................................................28-3

xxvi List of Tables

ZyWALL 2 and ZyWALL 2WE

Preface

Congratulations on your purchase of the ZyWALL 2/2WE Internet Security Gateway.

About This User's Manual

This manual is designed to guide you through the configuration of your ZyWALL for its various
applications.
This manual may refer to the ZyWALL 2/2WE Internet Security Gateway as the ZyWALL.
This manual covers the ZyWALL 2 and 2WEmodels. Supported features and the details of the features, vary
by model.

You may use the System Management Terminal (SMT), web configurator or

command interpreter interface to configure your ZyWALL. Not all features can be

configured through all interfaces. This User's Guide primarily shows SMT

configuration but includes the other interfaces where appropriate.

Related Documentation

 Support Disk

Refer to the included CD for support documents.

 Quick Start Guide

The Quick Start Guide is designed to help you get up and running right away. It contains a detailed
easy-to-follow connection diagram, default settings, handy checklists and information on setting up
your network and configuring for Internet access.

 Web Configurator Online Help

Embedded web help for descriptions of individual screens and supplementary information.

 Packing List Card

The Packing List Card lists all items that should have come in the package.

 Certifications

Refer to the product page at www.zyxel.com

 ZyXEL Glossary and Web Site
Please refer to www.zyxel.com

documentation.

for an online glossary of networking terms and additional support

for information on product certifications.

Syntax Conventions

• “Enter” means for you to type one or more characters and press the carriage return. “Select” or
“Choose” means for you to use one of the predefined choices.

• The SMT menu titles and labels are in Bold Times New Roman font.

• The choices of a menu item are in Bold Arial font.

Preface xxvii

ZyWALL 2 and ZyWALL 2WE

• A single keystroke is in Arial font and enclosed in square brackets, for instance, [ENTER] means the
Enter, or carriage return, key; [ESC] means the escape key and [SPACE BAR] means the space bar.
[UP] and [DOWN] are the up and down arrow keys.

• Mouse action sequences are denoted using a comma. For example, “click the Apple icon, Control
Panels and then Modem” means first click the Apple icon, then point your mouse pointer to Control
Panels and then click Modem.

• For brevity’s sake, we will use “e.g.” as a shorthand for “for instance” and “i.e.” for “that is” or “in other
words” throughout this manual.

xxviii Preface

Overview

Part I:

Overview

This part covers Getting to Know Your ZyWALL and Hardware Installation.

I