ZyXEL Communications P-660HW-T User Manual

P-660HW-T v2

802.11g Wireless ADSL 2+ 4-port Gateway

User’s Guide

Version 3.40

Edition 1

12/2006

P-660HW-T v2 User’s Guide

Copyright

Copyright © 2006 by ZyXEL Communications Corporation.

The contents of this publication may not be reproduced in any part or as a whole, transcribed,
stored in a retrieval system, translated into any language, or transmitted in any form or by any
means, electronic, mechanical, magnetic, optical, chemical, photocopying, manual, or
otherwise, without the prior written permission of ZyXEL Communications Corporation.

Published by ZyXEL Communications Corporation. All rights reserved.

Disclaimer

ZyXEL does not assume any liability arising out of the application or use of any products, or
software described herein. Neither does it convey any license under its patent rights nor the
patent rights of others. ZyXEL further reserves the right to make changes in any products
described herein without notice. This publication is subject to change without notice.

Trademarks

ZyNOS (ZyXEL Network Operating System) is a registered trademark of ZyXEL
Communications, Inc. Other trademarks mentioned in this publication are used for
identification purposes only and may be properties of their respective owners.

Copyright 3

P-660HW-T v2 User’s Guide

Federal Communications Commission (FCC) Interference Statement

The device complies with Part 15 of FCC rules. Operation is subject to the following two
conditions:

• This device may not cause harmful interference.

• This device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause
undesired operations.

This device has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device
pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable
protection against harmful interference in a residential installation. This device generates,
uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy, and if not installed and used in accordance with
the instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. However, there is
no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation.

Certifications

If this device does cause harmful interference to radio/television reception, which can be
determined by turning the device off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the
interference by one or more of the following measures:

1 Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna.

2 Increase the separation between the equipment and the receiver.

3 Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver

is connected.

4 Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help.

FCC Radiation Exposure Statement

• The device complies with FCC RF radiation exposure limits set forth for an uncontrolled
environment, under 47 CFR 2.1093 paragraph (d)(2). End users must follow the specific
operating instructions for satisfying RF exposure compliance. To maintain compliance
with FCC RF exposure compliance requirements, please follow operation instruction as
documented in this manual.

• IEEE 802.11b or 802.11g operation of this product in the U.S.A. is firmware-limited to
channels 1 through 11.

• To comply with FCC RF exposure compliance requirements, a separation distance of at
least 20 cm must be maintained between the antenna of this device and all persons.

注意 !

依據 低功率電波輻射性電機管理辦法

第十二條 經型式認證合格之低功率射頻電機，非經許可，公司、商號或使用

者均不得擅自變更頻率、加大功率或變更原設計之特性及功能。

4 Certifications

P-660HW-T v2 User’s Guide

第十四條 低功率射頻電機之使用不得影響飛航安全及干擾合法通信；經發現

有干擾現象時，應立即停用，並改善至無干擾時方得繼續使用。

前項合法通信，指依電信規定作業之無線電信。低功率射頻電機須忍
受合法通信或工業、科學及醫療用電波輻射性電機設備之干擾。

Notices

Changes or modifications not expressly approved by the party responsible for compliance
could void the user's authority to operate the equipment.

This device has been designed for the WLAN 2.4 GHz network throughout the EC region and
Switzerland, with restrictions in France.

This Class B digital apparatus complies with Canadian ICES-003.

Cet appareil numérique de la classe B est conforme à la norme NMB-003 du Canada.

Viewing Certifications

1 Go to http://www.zyxel.com.

2 Select your product from the drop-down list box on the ZyXEL home page to go to that

product's page.

3 Select the certification you wish to view from this page.

Certifications 5

P-660HW-T v2 User’s Guide

For your safety, be sure to read and follow all warning notices and instructions.

• Do NOT use this product near water, for example, in a wet basement or near a swimming
pool.

• Do NOT expose your device to dampness, dust or corrosive liquids.

• Do NOT store things on the device.

• Do NOT install, use, or service this device during a thunderstorm. There is a remote risk
of electric shock from lightning.

• Connect ONLY suitable accessories to the device.

• Do NOT open the device or unit. Opening or removing covers can expose you to
dangerous high voltage points or other risks. ONLY qualified service personnel should
service or disassemble this device. Please contact your vendor for further information.

• Make sure to connect the cables to the correct ports.

• Place connecting cables carefully so that no one will step on them or stumble over them.

• Always disconnect all cables from this device before servicing or disassembling.

• Use ONLY an appropriate power adaptor or cord for your device.

• Connect the power adaptor or cord to the right supply voltage (for example, 110V AC in
North America or 230V AC in Europe).

• Do NOT allow anything to rest on the power adaptor or cord and do NOT place the
product where anyone can walk on the power adaptor or cord.

• Do NOT use the device if the power adaptor or cord is damaged as it might cause
electrocution.

• If the power adaptor or cord is damaged, remove it from the power outlet.

• Do NOT attempt to repair the power adaptor or cord. Contact your local vendor to order a
new one.

• Do not use the device outside, and make sure all the connections are indoors. There is a
remote risk of electric shock from lightning.

• Do NOT obstruct the device ventilation slots, as insufficient airflow may harm your
device.

• Use only No. 26 AWG (American Wire Gauge) or larger telecommunication line cord.

• Antenna Warning! This device meets ETSI and FCC certification requirements when
using the included antenna(s). Only use the included antenna(s).

• If you wall mount your device, make sure that no electrical lines, gas or water pipes will
be damaged.

Safety Warnings

6 Safety Warnings

This product is recyclable. Dispose of it properly.

P-660HW-T v2 User’s Guide

Safety Warnings 7

P-660HW-T v2 User’s Guide

ZyXEL warrants to the original end user (purchaser) that this product is free from any defects
in materials or workmanship for a period of up to two years from the date of purchase. During
the warranty period, and upon proof of purchase, should the product have indications of failure
due to faulty workmanship and/or materials, ZyXEL will, at its discretion, repair or replace the
defective products or components without charge for either parts or labor, and to whatever
extent it shall deem necessary to restore the product or components to proper operating
condition. Any replacement will consist of a new or re-manufactured functionally equivalent
product of equal or higher value, and will be solely at the discretion of ZyXEL. This warranty
shall not apply if the product has been modified, misused, tampered with, damaged by an act
of God, or subjected to abnormal working conditions.

Note

Repair or replacement, as provided under this warranty, is the exclusive remedy of the
purchaser. This warranty is in lieu of all other warranties, express or implied, including any
implied warranty of merchantability or fitness for a particular use or purpose. ZyXEL shall in
no event be held liable for indirect or consequential damages of any kind to the purchaser.

ZyXEL Limited Warranty

To obtain the services of this warranty, contact ZyXEL's Service Center for your Return
Material Authorization number (RMA). Products must be returned Postage Prepaid. It is
recommended that the unit be insured when shipped. Any returned products without proof of
purchase or those with an out-dated warranty will be repaired or replaced (at the discretion of
ZyXEL) and the customer will be billed for parts and labor. All repaired or replaced products
will be shipped by ZyXEL to the corresponding return address, Postage Paid. This warranty
gives you specific legal rights, and you may also have other rights that vary from country to
country.

Registration

Register your product online to receive e-mail notices of firmware upgrades and information
at www.zyxel.com for global products, or at www.us.zyxel.com for North American products.

8 ZyXEL Limited Warranty

P-660HW-T v2 User’s Guide

Customer Support

Please have the following information ready when you contact customer support.

• Product model and serial number.

• Warranty Information.

• Date that you received your device.

• Brief description of the problem and the steps you took to solve it.

METHOD

LOCATION

CORPORATE
HEADQUARTERS
(WORLDWIDE)

COSTA RICA

CZECH REPUBLIC

DENMARK

FINLAND

FRANCE

GERMANY

HUNGARY

KAZAKHSTAN

NORTH AMERICA

SUPPORT E-MAIL TELEPHONE WEB SITE

SALES E-MAIL FAX FTP SITE

[e-mail] [phone] www.zyxel.com

www.europe.zyxel.com

[e-mail] [phone] ftp.zyxel.com

ftp.europe.zyxel.com

[e-mail] [phone] www.zyxel.co.cr ZyXEL Costa Rica

[e-mail] [phone] ftp.zyxel.co.cr

[e-mail] [phone] www.zyxel.cz ZyXEL Communications

[e-mail] [phone]

[e-mail] [phone] www.zyxel.dk ZyXEL Communications A/S

[e-mail] [phone]

[e-mail] [phone] www.zyxel.fi ZyXEL Communications Oy

[e-mail] [phone]

[e-mail] [phone] www.zyxel.fr ZyXEL France

[phone]

[e-mail] [phone] www.zyxel.de ZyXEL Deutschland GmbH.

[e-mail] [phone]

[e-mail] [phone] www.zyxel.hu ZyXEL Hungary

[e-mail] [phone]

http://zyxel.kz/support [phone] www.zyxel.kz ZyXEL Kazakhstan

[e-mail] [phone]

[e-mail] 1-800-255-4101

[phone]

[e-mail] [phone] ftp.us.zyxel.com

www.us.zyxel.com ZyXEL Communications Inc.

REGULAR MAIL

ZyXEL Communications Corp.
6 Innovation Road II

Science Park
Hsinchu 300
Ta iw a n

Plaza Roble Escazú
Etapa El Patio, Tercer Piso
San José, Costa Rica

Czech s.r.o.
Modranská 621
143 01 Praha 4 - Modrany
Ceská Republika

Columbusvej
2860 Soeborg
Denmark

Malminkaari 10
00700 Helsinki
Finland

1 rue des Vergers
Bat. 1 / C
69760 Limonest
France

Adenauerstr. 20/A2 D-52146
Wuerselen
Germany

48, Zoldlomb Str.
H-1025, Budapest
Hungary

43, Dostyk ave.,Office 414
Dostyk Business Centre
050010, Almaty
Republic of Kazakhstan

1130 N. Miller St.
Anaheim
CA 92806-2001
U.S.A.

Customer Support 9

P-660HW-T v2 User’s Guide

METHOD

LOCATION

NORWAY

POLAND

RUSSIA

SPAIN

SWEDEN

UKRAINE

UNITED KINGDOM

SUPPORT E-MAIL TELEPHONE WEB SITE

SALES E-MAIL FAX FTP SITE

[e-mail] [phone] www.zyxel.no ZyXEL Communications A/S

[e-mail] [phone]

[e-mail] [phone] www.pl.zyxel.com ZyXEL Communications

[phone]

http://zyxel.ru/support [phone] www.zyxel.ru ZyXEL Russia

[e-mail] [phone]

[e-mail] [phone] www.zyxel.es ZyXEL Communications

[e-mail] [phone]

[e-mail] [phone] www.zyxel.se ZyXEL Communications A/S

[e-mail] [phone]

[e-mail] [phone] www.ua.zyxel.com ZyXEL Ukraine

[e-mail] [phone]

[e-mail] [phone]

08707 555779 (UK only)

[e-mail] [phone] ftp.zyxel.co.uk

www.zyxel.co.uk ZyXEL Communications UK

REGULAR MAIL

Nils Hansens vei 13
0667 Oslo
Norway

ul. Okrzei 1A
03-715 Warszawa
Poland

Ostrovityanova 37a Str.
Moscow, 117279
Russia

Arte, 21 5ª planta
28033 Madrid
Spain

Sjöporten 4, 41764 Göteborg
Sweden

13, Pimonenko Str.
Kiev, 04050
Ukraine

Ltd.,11 The Courtyard,
Eastern Road, Bracknell,
Berkshire, RG12 2XB,
United Kingdom (UK)

+” is the (prefix) number you enter to make an international telephone call.

10 Customer Support

P-660HW-T v2 User’s Guide

Table of Contents

Copyright ..................................................................................................................3

Certifications ............................................................................................................4

Safety Warnings ....................................................................................................... 6

ZyXEL Limited Warranty.......................................................................................... 8

Customer Support.................................................................................................... 9

Table of Contents ................................................................................................... 11

List of Figures ........................................................................................................ 21

List of Tables .......................................................................................................... 27

Preface ....................................................................................................................31

Chapter 1

Getting To Know Your ZyXEL Device ...................................................................33

1.1 Introducing the ZyXEL Device ............................................................................33

1.2 Features .............................................................................................................33

1.2.1 Wireless Features .....................................................................................36

1.3 Applications for the ZyXEL Device .....................................................................37

1.3.1 Protected Internet Access .........................................................................37

1.3.2 LAN to LAN Application ............................................................................38

1.4 Front Panel LEDs ...............................................................................................38

1.5 Hardware Connection ........................................................................................39

Chapter 2

Introducing the Web Configurator........................................................................ 41

2.1 Web Configurator Overview ...............................................................................41

2.2 Accessing the Web Configurator ........................................................................41

2.3 Resetting the ZyXEL Device ..............................................................................43

2.3.1 Using the Reset Button .............................................................................43

2.4 Navigating the Web Configurator .......................................................................43

2.4.1 Navigation Panel .......................................................................................43

2.4.2 Status Screen ...........................................................................................46

2.4.3 Status: Any IP Table ..................................................................................49

2.4.4 Status: WLAN Status ................................................................................49

2.4.5 Status: Bandwidth Status ..........................................................................50

Table of Contents 11

P-660HW-T v2 User’s Guide

2.4.6 Status: Packet Statistics ............................................................................51

2.4.7 Changing Login Password .......................................................................52

Chapter 3

Wizard Setup for Internet Access......................................................................... 55

3.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................55

3.2 Internet Access Wizard Setup ............................................................................55

3.2.1 Automatic Detection ..................................................................................57

3.2.2 Manual Configuration ................................................................................57

3.3 Wireless Connection Wizard Setup ....................................................................62

3.3.1 Manually assign a WPA-PSK key .............................................................65

3.3.2 Manually assign a WEP key .....................................................................66

Chapter 4

Bandwidth Management Wizard ........................................................................... 69

4.1 Introduction ........................................................................................................69

4.2 Predefined Media Bandwidth Management Services ........................................69

4.3 Bandwidth Management Wizard Setup ..............................................................70

Chapter 5

WAN Setup.............................................................................................................. 75

5.1 WAN Overview ..................................................................................................75

5.1.1 Encapsulation ...........................................................................................75

5.1.1.1 ENET ENCAP .................................................................................75

5.1.1.2 PPP over Ethernet ..........................................................................75

5.1.1.3 PPPoA .............................................................................................76

5.1.1.4 RFC 1483 ........................................................................................76

5.1.2 Multiplexing ...............................................................................................76

5.1.2.1 VC-based Multiplexing ....................................................................76

5.1.2.2 LLC-based Multiplexing ...................................................................76

5.1.3 Encapsulation and Multiplexing Scenarios ...............................................76

5.1.3.1 Scenario 1: One VC, Multiple Protocols ..........................................77

5.1.3.2 Scenario 2: One VC, One Protocol (IP) ..........................................77

5.1.3.3 Scenario 3: Multiple VCs .................................................................77

5.1.4 VPI and VCI ..............................................................................................77

5.1.5 IP Address Assignment ............................................................................77

5.1.5.1 IP Assignment with PPPoA or PPPoE Encapsulation .....................77

5.1.5.2 IP Assignment with RFC 1483 Encapsulation .................................77

5.1.5.3 IP Assignment with ENET ENCAP Encapsulation ..........................78

5.1.6 Nailed-Up Connection (PPP) ....................................................................78

5.1.7 NAT ...........................................................................................................78

5.2 Metric ................................................................................................................78

5.3 Traffic Shaping ...................................................................................................79

12 Table of Contents

P-660HW-T v2 User’s Guide

5.3.1 ATM Traffic Classes ..................................................................................80

5.3.1.1 Constant Bit Rate (CBR) .................................................................80

5.3.1.2 Variable Bit Rate (VBR) ...................................................................80

5.3.1.3 Unspecified Bit Rate (UBR) .............................................................80

5.4 Zero Configuration Internet Access ....................................................................80

5.5 Internet Connection ...........................................................................................81

5.5.1 Configuring Advanced Internet Connection Setup ....................................83

5.6 Configuring More Connections ...........................................................................84

5.6.1 More Connections Edit ............................................................................85

5.6.2 Configuring More Connections Advanced Setup .....................................88

5.7 Traffic Redirect ..................................................................................................89

5.8 Configuring WAN Backup ..................................................................................90

Chapter 6

Wireless LAN .......................................................................................................... 93

6.1 Wireless Network Overview ...............................................................................93

6.2 Wireless Security Overview ...............................................................................94

6.2.1 SSID .........................................................................................................94

6.2.2 MAC Address Filter ...................................................................................94

6.2.3 User Authentication ..................................................................................95

6.2.4 Encryption .................................................................................................95

6.2.5 One-Touch Intelligent Security Technology (OTIST) .................................96

6.3 Wireless Performance Overview ........................................................................96

6.4 General Wireless LAN Screen ..........................................................................96

6.4.1 No Security ...............................................................................................98

6.4.2 WEP Encryption ........................................................................................98

6.4.3 WPA-PSK/WPA2-PSK ..............................................................................99

6.4.4 WPA/WPA2 .............................................................................................101

6.4.5 Wireless LAN Advanced Setup ...............................................................103

6.5 OTIST ..............................................................................................................105

6.5.1 Enabling OTIST ......................................................................................105

6.5.1.1 AP .................................................................................................105

6.5.1.2 Wireless Client ..............................................................................106

6.5.2 Starting OTIST ........................................................................................107

6.5.3 Notes on OTIST ......................................................................................108

6.6 MAC Filter ...................................................................................................108

Chapter 7

LAN Setup..............................................................................................................111

7.1 LAN Overview ................................................................................................. 111

7.1.1 LANs, WANs and the ZyXEL Device ...................................................... 111

7.1.2 DHCP Setup ...........................................................................................112

7.1.2.1 IP Pool Setup ................................................................................112

Table of Contents 13

P-660HW-T v2 User’s Guide

7.1.3 DNS Server Address ..............................................................................112

7.1.4 DNS Server Address Assignment ........................................................... 113

7.2 LAN TCP/IP ......................................................................................................113

7.2.1 IP Address and Subnet Mask ................................................................. 113

7.2.2 RIP Setup ............................................................................................... 114

7.2.3 Multicast ..................................................................................................115

7.2.4 Any IP ..................................................................................................... 115

7.3 Configuring LAN IP .......................................................................................... 117

7.3.1 Configuring Advanced LAN Setup .......................................................... 117

7.4 DHCP Setup .....................................................................................................119

7.5 LAN Client List .................................................................................................120

7.6 LAN IP Alias .....................................................................................................121

Chapter 8

Network Address Translation (NAT) Screens .................................................... 125

7.2.1.1 Private IP Addresses .....................................................................114

7.2.4.1 How Any IP Works ........................................................................116

8.1 NAT Overview .................................................................................................125

8.1.1 NAT Definitions .......................................................................................125

8.1.2 What NAT Does ......................................................................................126

8.1.3 How NAT Works .....................................................................................126

8.1.4 NAT Application ......................................................................................127

8.1.5 NAT Mapping Types ...............................................................................127

8.2 SUA (Single User Account) Versus NAT ..........................................................128

8.3 NAT General Setup .........................................................................................128

8.4 Port Forwarding ................................................................................................129

8.4.1 Default Server IP Address ......................................................................130

8.4.2 Port Forwarding: Services and Port Numbers ........................................130

8.4.3 Configuring Servers Behind Port Forwarding (Example) ........................131

8.5 Configuring Port Forwarding ...........................................................................131

8.5.1 Port Forwarding Rule Edit ......................................................................132

8.6 Address Mapping ............................................................................................133

8.6.1 Address Mapping Rule Edit ...................................................................135

Chapter 9

Firewalls................................................................................................................ 137

9.1 Firewall Overview ............................................................................................137

9.2 Types of Firewalls ............................................................................................137

9.2.1 Packet Filtering Firewalls ........................................................................137

9.2.2 Application-level Firewalls ......................................................................138

9.2.3 Stateful Inspection Firewalls ...................................................................138

9.3 Introduction to ZyXEL’s Firewall .......................................................................138

9.3.1 Denial of Service Attacks ........................................................................139

14 Table of Contents

P-660HW-T v2 User’s Guide

9.4 Denial of Service ..............................................................................................139

9.4.1 Basics .....................................................................................................139

9.4.2 Types of DoS Attacks .............................................................................140

9.4.2.1 ICMP Vulnerability ........................................................................142

9.4.2.2 Illegal Commands (NetBIOS and SMTP) ......................................142

9.4.2.3 Traceroute .....................................................................................143

9.5 Stateful Inspection ............................................................................................143

9.5.1 Stateful Inspection Process ....................................................................144

9.5.2 Stateful Inspection and the ZyXEL Device ..............................................144

9.5.3 TCP Security ...........................................................................................145

9.5.4 UDP/ICMP Security ................................................................................145

9.5.5 Upper Layer Protocols ............................................................................146

9.6 Guidelines for Enhancing Security with Your Firewall ......................................146

9.6.1 Security In General .................................................................................146

9.7 Packet Filtering Vs Firewall ..............................................................................147

9.7.1 Packet Filtering: ......................................................................................147

9.7.1.1 When To Use Filtering ...................................................................148

9.7.2 Firewall ...................................................................................................148

9.7.2.1 When To Use The Firewall ............................................................148

Chapter 10

Firewall Configuration ......................................................................................... 149

10.1 Access Methods .............................................................................................149

10.2 Firewall Policies Overview ............................................................................149

10.3 Rule Logic Overview .....................................................................................150

10.3.1 Rule Checklist .......................................................................................150

10.3.2 Security Ramifications ..........................................................................150

10.3.3 Key Fields For Configuring Rules ........................................................151

10.3.3.1 Action ..........................................................................................151

10.3.3.2 Service ........................................................................................151

10.3.3.3 Source Address ...........................................................................151

10.3.3.4 Destination Address ....................................................................151

10.4 Connection Direction ......................................................................................151

10.4.1 LAN to WAN Rules ...............................................................................152

10.4.2 Alerts .....................................................................................................152

10.5 General Firewall Policy ...............................................................................152

10.6 Firewall Rules Summary ...............................................................................153

10.6.1 Configuring Firewall Rules ..................................................................155

10.6.2 Customized Services ...........................................................................158

10.6.3 Configuring a Customized Service .....................................................159

10.7 Example Firewall Rule ...................................................................................159

10.8 Predefined Services .......................................................................................163

10.9 Anti-Probing ..................................................................................................165

Table of Contents 15

P-660HW-T v2 User’s Guide

10.10 DoS Thresholds ..........................................................................................166

10.10.1 Threshold Values ................................................................................166

10.10.2 Half-Open Sessions ............................................................................167

10.10.3 Configuring Firewall Thresholds .........................................................168

Chapter 11

Content Filtering .................................................................................................. 171

11.1 Content Filtering Overview ............................................................................171

11.2 Configuring Keyword Blocking .....................................................................171

11.3 Configuring the Schedule .............................................................................172

11.4 Configuring Trusted Computers ...................................................................173

Chapter 12

Static Route .......................................................................................................... 175

12.1 Static Route .................................................................................................175

12.2 Configuring Static Route ...............................................................................175

12.2.1 Static Route Edit .................................................................................176

10.10.2.1 TCP Maximum Incomplete and Blocking Time .........................167

Chapter 13

Bandwidth Management...................................................................................... 179

13.1 Bandwidth Management Overview ...............................................................179

13.2 Application-based Bandwidth Management ...................................................179

13.3 Subnet-based Bandwidth Management .........................................................179

13.4 Application and Subnet-based Bandwidth Management ...............................180

13.5 Scheduler .......................................................................................................180

13.5.1 Priority-based Scheduler ......................................................................180

13.5.2 Fairness-based Scheduler ....................................................................181

13.6 Maximize Bandwidth Usage ...........................................................................181

13.6.1 Reserving Bandwidth for Non-Bandwidth Class Traffic ........................181

13.6.2 Maximize Bandwidth Usage Example ..................................................182

13.6.2.1 Priority-based Allotment of Unused and Unbudgeted Bandwidth 182

13.6.2.2 Fairness-based Allotment of Unused and Unbudgeted Bandwidth ...
183

13.6.3 Bandwidth Management Priorities ........................................................183

13.7 Over Allotment of Bandwidth ..........................................................................184

13.8 Configuring Summary ...................................................................................184

13.9 Bandwidth Management Rule Setup ............................................................185

13.9.1 Rule Configuration ................................................................................187

13.10 Bandwidth Monitor .....................................................................................189

16 Table of Contents

P-660HW-T v2 User’s Guide

Chapter 14

Dynamic DNS Setup............................................................................................. 191

14.1 Dynamic DNS Overview ...............................................................................191

14.1.1 DYNDNS Wildcard ................................................................................191

14.2 Configuring Dynamic DNS ............................................................................191

Chapter 15

Remote Management Configuration .................................................................. 195

15.1 Remote Management Overview ....................................................................195

15.1.1 Remote Management Limitations .........................................................195

15.1.2 Remote Management and NAT ............................................................196

15.1.3 System Timeout ...................................................................................196

15.2 WWW .............................................................................................................196

15.3 Telnet ..............................................................................................................197

15.4 Configuring Telnet ..........................................................................................197

15.5 Configuring FTP ............................................................................................198

15.6 SNMP .............................................................................................................199

15.6.1 Supported MIBs ....................................................................................200

15.6.2 SNMP Traps .........................................................................................201

15.6.3 Configuring SNMP ................................................................................201

15.7 Configuring DNS ..........................................................................................202

15.8 Configuring ICMP ...........................................................................................203

15.9 TR-069 ...........................................................................................................204

Chapter 16

Universal Plug-and-Play (UPnP) ......................................................................... 207

16.1 Introducing Universal Plug and Play .............................................................207

16.1.1 How do I know if I'm using UPnP? ........................................................207

16.1.2 NAT Traversal .......................................................................................207

16.1.3 Cautions with UPnP ..............................................................................208

16.2 UPnP and ZyXEL ...........................................................................................208

16.2.1 Configuring UPnP ................................................................................208

16.3 Installing UPnP in Windows Example ............................................................209

16.3.1 Installing UPnP in Windows Me ............................................................209

16.3.2 Installing UPnP in Windows XP ............................................................ 211

16.4 Using UPnP in Windows XP Example ...........................................................212

16.4.1 Auto-discover Your UPnP-enabled Network Device .............................212

16.4.2 Web Configurator Easy Access ............................................................215

Chapter 17

System .................................................................................................................. 219

17.1 General Setup ................................................................................................219

17.1.1 General Setup and System Name ........................................................219

Table of Contents 17

P-660HW-T v2 User’s Guide

17.1.2 General Setup ......................................................................................219

17.2 Time Setting ..................................................................................................221

Chapter 18

Logs ...................................................................................................................... 225

18.1 Logs Overview ..............................................................................................225

18.1.1 Alerts and Logs .....................................................................................225

18.2 Viewing the Logs ............................................................................................225

18.3 Configuring Log Settings ...............................................................................226

18.3.1 Example E-mail Log ..............................................................................228

18.4 Log Descriptions ............................................................................................229

Chapter 19

Tools...................................................................................................................... 245

19.1 Firmware Upgrade ........................................................................................245

19.2 Configuration Screen .....................................................................................247

19.2.1 Backup Configuration ...........................................................................247

19.2.2 Restore Configuration ...........................................................................248

19.2.3 Back to Factory Defaults .......................................................................249

19.3 Restart ............................................................................................................249

Chapter 20

Diagnostic ............................................................................................................251

20.1 General Diagnostic ........................................................................................251

20.2 DSL Line Diagnostic .....................................................................................252

Chapter 21

Troubleshooting ................................................................................................... 253

21.1 Problems Starting Up the ZyXEL Device .......................................................253

21.2 Problems with the LAN ...................................................................................253

21.3 Problems with the WAN .................................................................................254

21.4 Problems Accessing the ZyXEL Device .........................................................255

Appendix A

Product Specifications ........................................................................................ 257

Appendix B

About ADSL .......................................................................................................... 261

Introduction to DSL ................................................................................................ 261

ADSL Overview...................................................................................................... 261

Advantages of ADSL.............................................................................................. 261

Appendix C

Internal SPTGEN .................................................................................................. 263

18 Table of Contents

P-660HW-T v2 User’s Guide

Internal SPTGEN Overview ................................................................................... 263

The Configuration Text File Format........................................................................ 263

Internal SPTGEN FTP Download Example............................................................ 264

Internal SPTGEN FTP Upload Example ................................................................ 265

Example Internal SPTGEN Menus......................................................................... 266

Command Examples.............................................................................................. 278

Appendix D

Wall-mounting Instructions................................................................................. 279

Appendix E

Setting up Your Computer’s IP Address............................................................ 281

Windows 95/98/Me................................................................................................. 281

Windows 2000/NT/XP ............................................................................................ 284

Macintosh OS 8/9................................................................................................... 289

Macintosh OS X ..................................................................................................... 291

Linux....................................................................................................................... 292

Appendix F

IP Subnetting ........................................................................................................ 297

Introduction to IP Addresses .................................................................................. 297

Subnet Masks ........................................................................................................ 298

Subnetting .............................................................................................................. 299

Example: Two Subnets .......................................................................................... 300

Example: Four Subnets.......................................................................................... 301

Example Eight Subnets.......................................................................................... 302

Subnetting With Class A and Class B Networks. ................................................... 303

Appendix G

Command Interpreter........................................................................................... 305

Accessing the CLI .................................................................................................. 305

Command Syntax................................................................................................... 305

Command Usage ................................................................................................... 305

Log Commands...................................................................................................... 306

Log Command Example......................................................................................... 307

Appendix H

Firewall Commands ............................................................................................. 309

Appendix I

NetBIOS Filter Commands .................................................................................. 315

Introduction ............................................................................................................ 315

Display NetBIOS Filter Settings ............................................................................. 315

Table of Contents 19

P-660HW-T v2 User’s Guide

NetBIOS Filter Configuration.................................................................................. 316

Appendix J

Splitters and Microfilters ..................................................................................... 317

Connecting a POTS Splitter ................................................................................... 317

Telephone Microfilters ............................................................................................ 317

ZyXEL Device With ISDN....................................................................................... 319

Appendix K

Wireless LANs ...................................................................................................... 321

Wireless LAN Topologies ....................................................................................... 321

Channel.................................................................................................................. 323

RTS/CTS................................................................................................................ 323

Fragmentation Threshold ....................................................................................... 324

Preamble Type....................................................................................................... 325

IEEE 802.11g Wireless LAN .................................................................................. 325

Wireless Security Overview ................................................................................... 326

RADIUS.................................................................................................................. 326

Types of Authentication.......................................................................................... 327

Dynamic WEP Key Exchange................................................................................ 329

WPA and WPA2 ..................................................................................................... 329

Security Parameters Summary .............................................................................. 333

Appendix L

Pop-up Windows, JavaScripts and Java Permissions ..................................... 335

Internet Explorer Pop-up Blockers ......................................................................... 335

JavaScripts............................................................................................................. 338

Appendix M

Triangle Route ...................................................................................................... 343

The Ideal Setup...................................................................................................... 343

The “Triangle Route” Problem................................................................................ 343

The “Triangle Route” Solutions .............................................................................. 344

IP Aliasing .............................................................................................................. 344

Index...................................................................................................................... 345

20 Table of Contents

P-660HW-T v2 User’s Guide

List of Figures

Figure 1 Protected Internet Access Applications ................................................................ 38

Figure 2 LAN-to-LAN Application Example ......................................................................... 38

Figure 3 Front Panel ..........................................................................................................38

Figure 4 Password Screen .................................................................................................. 42

Figure 5 Change Password at Login ................................................................................... 42

Figure 6 Select a Mode ....................................................................................................... 43

Figure 7 Web Configurator: Main Screen ........................................................................... 44

Figure 8 Status Screen ........................................................................................................ 47

Figure 9 Status: Any IP Table .............................................................................................. 49

Figure 10 Status: WLAN Status ........................................................................................... 50

Figure 11 Status: Bandwidth Status ..................................................................................... 50

Figure 12 Status: Packet Statistics ...................................................................................... 51

Figure 13 System General .................................................................................................. 53

Figure 14 Select a Mode ..................................................................................................... 55

Figure 15 Wizard: Welcome ................................................................................................ 56

Figure 16 Auto Detection: No DSL Connection ................................................................... 56

Figure 17 Auto Detection: Failed ......................................................................................... 57

Figure 18 Auto-Detection: PPPoE ....................................................................................... 57

Figure 19 Internet Access Wizard Setup: ISP Parameters ................................................. 58

Figure 20 Internet Connection with PPPoE ......................................................................... 59

Figure 21 Internet Connection with RFC 1483 .................................................................... 59

Figure 22 Internet Connection with ENET ENCAP ............................................................. 60

Figure 23 Internet Connection with PPPoA ......................................................................... 61

Figure 24 Connection Test Failed-1 .................................................................................... 62

Figure 25 Connection Test Failed-2. ................................................................................... 62

Figure 26 Connection Test Successful ................................................................................ 63

Figure 27 Wireless LAN Setup Wizard 1 ............................................................................. 63

Figure 28 Wireless LAN Setup Wizard 2 ............................................................................. 64

Figure 29 Manually assign a WPA-PSK key ....................................................................... 66

Figure 30 Manually assign a WEP key ............................................................................... 66

Figure 31 Wireless LAN Setup 3 ......................................................................................... 67

Figure 32 Internet Access and WLAN Wizard Setup Complete .......................................... 68

Figure 33 Select a Mode ..................................................................................................... 70

Figure 34 Wizard: Welcome ................................................................................................ 71

Figure 35 Bandwidth Management Wizard: General Information ....................................... 71

Figure 36 Bandwidth Management Wizard: Configuration .................................................. 72

Figure 37 Bandwidth Management Wizard: Complete ........................................................ 73

Figure 38 Example of Traffic Shaping ................................................................................. 79

List of Figures 21

P-660HW-T v2 User’s Guide

Figure 39 Internet Connection (PPPoE) .............................................................................. 81

Figure 40 Advanced Internet Connection Setup ................................................................. 83

Figure 41 More Connections ............................................................................................... 85

Figure 42 More Connections Edit ........................................................................................ 86

Figure 43 More Connections Advanced Setup ................................................................... 88

Figure 44 Traffic Redirect Example ..................................................................................... 89

Figure 45 Traffic Redirect LAN Setup ................................................................................. 90

Figure 46 WAN Backup Setup ............................................................................................ 90

Figure 47 Example of a Wireless Network .......................................................................... 93

Figure 48 Wireless LAN: General ...................................................................................... 97

Figure 49 Wireless: No Security .......................................................................................... 98

Figure 50 Wireless: Static WEP Encryption ........................................................................ 99

Figure 51 Wireless: WPA-PSK/WPA2-PSK ......................................................................... 100

Figure 52 Wireless: WPA/WPA2 ......................................................................................... 102

Figure 53 Advanced ............................................................................................................ 104

Figure 54 OTIST ................................................................................................................. 106

Figure 55 Example Wireless Client OTIST Screen ............................................................. 107

Figure 56 Security Key ........................................................................................................ 107

Figure 57 OTIST in Progress (AP) ...................................................................................... 107

Figure 58 OTIST in Progress (Client) .................................................................................. 107

Figure 59 No AP with OTIST Found ................................................................................... 108

Figure 60 Start OTIST? ....................................................................................................... 108

Figure 61 MAC Address Filter ............................................................................................. 109

Figure 62 LAN and WAN IP Addresses .............................................................................. 111

Figure 63 Any IP Example .................................................................................................. 116

Figure 64 LAN IP ................................................................................................................. 117

Figure 65 Advanced LAN Setup .......................................................................................... 118

Figure 66 DHCP Setup ....................................................................................................... 119

Figure 67 LAN Client List .................................................................................................... 120

Figure 68 Physical Network & Partitioned Logical Networks .............................................. 122

Figure 69 LAN IP Alias ........................................................................................................ 122

Figure 70 How NAT Works .................................................................................................. 126

Figure 71 NAT Application With IP Alias ............................................................................. 127

Figure 72 NAT General ...................................................................................................... 129

Figure 73 Multiple Servers Behind NAT Example ............................................................... 131

Figure 74 NAT Port Forwarding .......................................................................................... 131

Figure 75 Port Forwarding Rule Setup .............................................................................. 132

Figure 76 Address Mapping Rules ...................................................................................... 134

Figure 77 Edit Address Mapping Rule .............................................................................. 135

Figure 78 Firewall Application ............................................................................................. 139

Figure 79 Three-Way Handshake ....................................................................................... 140

Figure 80 SYN Flood ........................................................................................................... 141

Figure 81 Smurf Attack ....................................................................................................... 142

22 List of Figures

P-660HW-T v2 User’s Guide

Figure 82 Stateful Inspection ............................................................................................... 143

Figure 83 Firewall: General ................................................................................................. 152

Figure 84 Firewall Rules .................................................................................................... 154

Figure 85 Firewall: Edit Rule ............................................................................................... 156

Figure 86 Firewall: Customized Services ............................................................................ 158

Figure 87 Firewall: Configure Customized Services ........................................................... 159

Figure 88 Firewall Example: Rules ..................................................................................... 160

Figure 89 Edit Custom Port Example .................................................................................. 160

Figure 90 Firewall Example: Edit Rule: Destination Address ............................................. 161

Figure 91 Firewall Example: Edit Rule: Select Customized Services ................................. 162

Figure 92 Firewall Example: Rules: MyService .................................................................. 163

Figure 93 Firewall: Anti Probing .......................................................................................... 165

Figure 94 Firewall: Threshold .............................................................................................. 168

Figure 95 Content Filter: Keyword ...................................................................................... 171

Figure 96 Content Filter: Schedule ..................................................................................... 172

Figure 97 Content Filter: Trusted ........................................................................................ 173

Figure 98 Example of Static Routing Topology ................................................................... 175

Figure 99 Static Route .........................................................................................................176

Figure 100 Static Route Edit ............................................................................................... 177

Figure 101 Subnet-based Bandwidth Management Example ............................................. 180

Figure 102 Bandwidth Management: Summary .................................................................. 184

Figure 103 Bandwidth Management: Rule Setup ............................................................... 186

Figure 104 Bandwidth Management Rule Configuration .................................................... 187

Figure 105 Bandwidth Management: Monitor .................................................................... 189

Figure 106 Dynamic DNS ................................................................................................... 192

Figure 107 Remote Management: WWW ........................................................................... 196

Figure 108 Telnet Configuration on a TCP/IP Network ....................................................... 197

Figure 109 Remote Management: Telnet ............................................................................ 198

Figure 110 Remote Management: FTP ............................................................................... 199

Figure 111 SNMP Management Model ............................................................................... 200

Figure 112 Remote Management: SNMP ........................................................................... 201

Figure 113 Remote Management: DNS .............................................................................. 203

Figure 114 Remote Management: ICMP ............................................................................. 204

Figure 115 Enabling TR-069 .............................................................................................. 205

Figure 116 Configuring UPnP ............................................................................................. 208

Figure 117 Add/Remove Programs: Windows Setup: Communication ............................... 210

Figure 118 Add/Remove Programs: Windows Setup: Communication: Components ......... 210

Figure 119 Network Connections ........................................................................................ 211

Figure 120 Windows Optional Networking Components Wizard ........................................ 211

Figure 121 Networking Services ......................................................................................... 212

Figure 122 Network Connections ........................................................................................ 213

Figure 123 Internet Connection Properties ........................................................................ 213

Figure 124 Internet Connection Properties: Advanced Settings ......................................... 214

List of Figures 23

P-660HW-T v2 User’s Guide

Figure 125 Internet Connection Properties: Advanced Settings: Add ................................. 214

Figure 126 System Tray Icon .............................................................................................. 214

Figure 127 Internet Connection Status ................................................................................ 215

Figure 128 Network Connections ........................................................................................ 216

Figure 129 Network Connections: My Network Places ....................................................... 217

Figure 130 Network Connections: My Network Places: Properties: Example ..................... 217

Figure 131 System General Setup ...................................................................................... 220

Figure 132 System Time Setting ......................................................................................... 221

Figure 133 View Log ........................................................................................................... 226

Figure 134 Log Settings ...................................................................................................... 227

Figure 135 E-mail Log Example .......................................................................................... 229

Figure 136 Firmware Upgrade ............................................................................................ 245

Figure 137 Firmware Upload In Progress ........................................................................... 246

Figure 138 Network Temporarily Disconnected .................................................................. 246

Figure 139 Error Message .................................................................................................. 247

Figure 140 Configuration ..................................................................................................... 247

Figure 141 Configuration Restore Successful ..................................................................... 248

Figure 142 Temporarily Disconnected ................................................................................. 248

Figure 143 Configuration Restore Error .............................................................................. 249

Figure 144 Restart Screen .................................................................................................. 249

Figure 145 Diagnostic: General .......................................................................................... 251

Figure 146 Diagnostic: DSL Line ........................................................................................ 252

Figure 147 Configuration Text File Format: Column Descriptions ....................................... 263

Figure 148 Invalid Parameter Entered: Command Line Example ....................................... 264

Figure 149 Valid Parameter Entered: Command Line Example ......................................... 264

Figure 150 Internal SPTGEN FTP Download Example ...................................................... 265

Figure 151 Internal SPTGEN FTP Upload Example ........................................................... 265

Figure 152 Wall-mounting Example .................................................................................... 279

Figure 153 WIndows 95/98/Me: Network: Configuration ..................................................... 282

Figure 154 Windows 95/98/Me: TCP/IP Properties: IP Address ......................................... 283

Figure 155 Windows 95/98/Me: TCP/IP Properties: DNS Configuration ............................ 284

Figure 156 Windows XP: Start Menu .................................................................................. 285

Figure 157 Windows XP: Control Panel .............................................................................. 285

Figure 158 Windows XP: Control Panel: Network Connections: Properties ....................... 286

Figure 159 Windows XP: Local Area Connection Properties .............................................. 286

Figure 160 Windows XP: Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) Properties ......................................... 287

Figure 161 Windows XP: Advanced TCP/IP Properties ...................................................... 288

Figure 162 Windows XP: Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) Properties ......................................... 289

Figure 163 Macintosh OS 8/9: Apple Menu ........................................................................ 290

Figure 164 Macintosh OS 8/9: TCP/IP ................................................................................ 290

Figure 165 Macintosh OS X: Apple Menu ........................................................................... 291

Figure 166 Macintosh OS X: Network ................................................................................. 292

Figure 167 Red Hat 9.0: KDE: Network Configuration: Devices ........................................ 293

24 List of Figures

P-660HW-T v2 User’s Guide

Figure 168 Red Hat 9.0: KDE: Ethernet Device: General ................................................. 293

Figure 169 Red Hat 9.0: KDE: Network Configuration: DNS ............................................. 294

Figure 170 Red Hat 9.0: KDE: Network Configuration: Activate ....................................... 294

Figure 171 Red Hat 9.0: Dynamic IP Address Setting in ifconfig-eth0 .............................. 295

Figure 172 Red Hat 9.0: Static IP Address Setting in ifconfig-eth0 .................................. 295

Figure 173 Red Hat 9.0: DNS Settings in resolv.conf ...................................................... 295

Figure 174 Red Hat 9.0: Restart Ethernet Card ................................................................ 296

Figure 175 Red Hat 9.0: Checking TCP/IP Properties ...................................................... 296

Figure 176 Displaying Log Categories Example ................................................................. 306

Figure 177 Displaying Log Parameters Example ................................................................ 306

Figure 178 Connecting a POTS Splitter .............................................................................. 317

Figure 179 Connecting a Microfilter .................................................................................... 318

Figure 180 Connecting a Microfilter and Y-Connector ........................................................ 318

Figure 181 ZyXEL Device with ISDN .................................................................................. 319

Figure 182 Peer-to-Peer Communication in an Ad-hoc Network ........................................ 321

Figure 183 Basic Service Set .............................................................................................. 322

Figure 184 Infrastructure WLAN ......................................................................................... 323

Figure 185 RTS/CTS ........................................................................................................... 324

Figure 186 WPA(2) with RADIUS Application Example ...................................................... 332

Figure 187 WPA(2)-PSK Authentication ............................................................................. 332

Figure 188 Pop-up Blocker ................................................................................................. 335

Figure 189 Internet Options ................................................................................................ 336

Figure 190 Internet Options (2) ........................................................................................... 337

Figure 191 Pop-up Blocker Settings ................................................................................... 338

Figure 192 Internet Options (3) ........................................................................................... 339

Figure 193 Security Settings - Java Scripting ..................................................................... 340

Figure 194 Security Settings - Java .................................................................................... 341

Figure 195 Java (Sun) ......................................................................................................... 342

Figure 196 Ideal Setup ........................................................................................................ 343

Figure 197 “Triangle Route” Problem .................................................................................. 344

Figure 198 IP Alias .............................................................................................................. 344

List of Figures 25

P-660HW-T v2 User’s Guide

26 List of Figures

P-660HW-T v2 User’s Guide

List of Tables

Table 1 ADSL Standards .................................................................................................... 33

Table 2 Front Panel LEDs .................................................................................................. 39

Table 3 Web Configurator Screens Summary .................................................................... 44

Table 4 Status Screen ........................................................................................................ 47

Table 5 Status: Any IP Table .............................................................................................. 49

Table 6 Status: WLAN Status ............................................................................................. 50

Table 7 Status: Packet Statistics ........................................................................................ 51

Table 8 Internet Access Wizard Setup: ISP Parameters .................................................... 58

Table 9 Internet Connection with PPPoE ........................................................................... 59

Table 10 Internet Connection with RFC 1483 .................................................................... 60

Table 11 Internet Connection with ENET ENCAP .............................................................. 60

Table 12 Internet Connection with PPPoA ......................................................................... 61

Table 13 Wireless LAN Setup Wizard 1 ............................................................................. 64

Table 14 Wireless LAN Setup Wizard 2 ............................................................................. 65

Table 15 Manually assign a WPA key ................................................................................ 66

Table 16 Manually assign a WEP key ................................................................................ 67

Table 17 Media Bandwidth Management Setup: Services ................................................. 69

Table 18 Bandwidth Management Wizard: General Information ........................................ 71

Table 19 Bandwidth Management Wizard: Configuration .................................................. 72

Table 20 Internet Connection ............................................................................................. 81

Table 21 Advanced Internet Connection Setup .................................................................. 83

Table 22 More Connections ............................................................................................... 85

Table 23 More Connections Edit ........................................................................................ 86

Table 24 More Connections Advanced Setup .................................................................... 88

Table 25 WAN Backup Setup ............................................................................................. 91

Table 26 Types of Encryption for Each Type of Authentication .......................................... 95

Table 27 Wireless LAN: General ........................................................................................ 97

Table 28 Wireless No Security ........................................................................................... 98

Table 29 Wireless: Static WEP Encryption ......................................................................... 99

Table 30 Wireless: WPA-PSK/WPA2-PSK ......................................................................... 100

Table 31 Wireless: WPA/WPA2 .......................................................................................... 102

Table 32 Wireless LAN: Advanced ..................................................................................... 104

Table 33 OTIST .................................................................................................................. 106

Table 34 MAC Address Filter ............................................................................................. 109

Table 35 LAN IP ................................................................................................................. 117

Table 36 Advanced LAN Setup .......................................................................................... 118

Table 37 DHCP Setup ........................................................................................................ 119

Table 38 LAN Client List ..................................................................................................... 121

List of Tables 27

P-660HW-T v2 User’s Guide

Table 39 LAN IP Alias ........................................................................................................ 122

Table 40 NAT Definitions .................................................................................................... 125

Table 41 NAT Mapping Types ............................................................................................ 128

Table 42 NAT General ........................................................................................................ 129

Table 43 Services and Port Numbers ................................................................................. 130

Table 44 NAT Port Forwarding ........................................................................................... 132

Table 45 Port Forwarding Rule Setup ................................................................................ 133

Table 46 Address Mapping Rules ...................................................................................... 134

Table 47 Edit Address Mapping Rule ................................................................................. 135

Table 48 Common IP Ports ................................................................................................ 140

Table 49 ICMP Commands That Trigger Alerts .................................................................. 142

Table 50 Legal NetBIOS Commands ................................................................................. 142

Table 51 Legal SMTP Commands ..................................................................................... 142

Table 52 Firewall: General ................................................................................................. 153

Table 53 Firewall Rules ...................................................................................................... 154

Table 54 Firewall: Edit Rule ................................................................................................ 157

Table 55 Customized Services ........................................................................................... 158

Table 56 Firewall: Configure Customized Services ............................................................ 159

Table 57 Predefined Services ............................................................................................ 163

Table 58 Firewall: Anti Probing ........................................................................................... 166

Table 59 Firewall: Threshold .............................................................................................. 168

Table 60 Content Filter: Keyword ....................................................................................... 172

Table 61 Content Filter: Schedule ...................................................................................... 173

Table 62 Content Filter: Trusted ......................................................................................... 173

Table 63 Static Route .........................................................................................................176

Table 64 Static Route Edit .................................................................................................. 177

Table 65 Application and Subnet-based Bandwidth Management Example ...................... 180

Table 66 Maximize Bandwidth Usage Example ................................................................. 182

Table 67 Priority-based Allotment of Unused and Unbudgeted Bandwidth Example ......... 182

Table 68 Fairness-based Allotment of Unused and Unbudgeted Bandwidth Example ...... 183

Table 69 Bandwidth Management Priorities ....................................................................... 183

Table 70 Over Allotment of Bandwidth Example ................................................................ 184

Table 71 Media Bandwidth Management: Summary .......................................................... 185

Table 72 Bandwidth Management: Rule Setup .................................................................. 186

Table 73 Bandwidth Management Rule Configuration ....................................................... 187

Table 74 Services and Port Numbers ................................................................................. 189

Table 75 Dynamic DNS ...................................................................................................... 192

Table 76 Remote Management: WWW .............................................................................. 197

Table 77 Remote Management: Telnet .............................................................................. 198

Table 78 Remote Management: FTP ................................................................................. 199

Table 79 SNMP Traps ........................................................................................................ 201

Table 80 Remote Management: SNMP .............................................................................. 202

Table 81 Remote Management: DNS ................................................................................ 203

28 List of Tables

P-660HW-T v2 User’s Guide

Table 82 Remote Management: ICMP ............................................................................... 204

Table 83 TR-069 Commands ............................................................................................. 205

Table 84 Configuring UPnP ................................................................................................ 209

Table 85 System General Setup ........................................................................................ 220

Table 86 System Time Setting ............................................................................................ 222

Table 87 View Log .............................................................................................................. 226

Table 88 Log Settings .........................................................................................................227

Table 89 System Maintenance Logs .................................................................................. 229

Table 90 System Error Logs ............................................................................................... 230

Table 91 Access Control Logs ............................................................................................ 231

Table 92 TCP Reset Logs .................................................................................................. 231

Table 93 Packet Filter Logs ................................................................................................ 232

Table 94 ICMP Logs ........................................................................................................... 232

Table 95 CDR Logs ............................................................................................................ 233

Table 96 PPP Logs .............................................................................................................233

Table 97 UPnP Logs .......................................................................................................... 233

Table 98 Content Filtering Logs ......................................................................................... 233

Table 99 Attack Logs ..........................................................................................................234

Table 100 IPSec Logs ........................................................................................................ 235

Table 101 IKE Logs ............................................................................................................236

Table 102 PKI Logs ............................................................................................................238

Table 103 Certificate Path Verification Failure Reason Codes ........................................... 239

Table 104 802.1X Logs ...................................................................................................... 240

Table 105 ACL Setting Notes ............................................................................................. 241

Table 106 ICMP Notes ....................................................................................................... 242

Table 107 Syslog Logs ....................................................................................................... 243

Table 108 RFC-2408 ISAKMP Payload Types ................................................................... 243

Table 109 Firmware Upgrade ............................................................................................. 245

Table 110 Maintenance Restore Configuration .................................................................. 248

Table 111 Diagnostic: General ............................................................................................ 251

Table 112 Diagnostic: DSL Line ......................................................................................... 252

Table 113 Troubleshooting Starting Up Your ZyXEL Device .............................................. 253

Table 114 Troubleshooting the LAN ................................................................................... 253

Table 115 Troubleshooting the WAN .................................................................................. 254

Table 116 Troubleshooting Accessing the ZyXEL Device .................................................. 255

Table 117 Device Specifications ......................................................................................... 257

Table 118 Firmware ............................................................................................................258

Table 119 Abbreviations Used in the Example Internal SPTGEN Screens Table .............. 266

Table 120 Menu 1 General Setup ...................................................................................... 266

Table 121 Menu 3 ............................................................................................................... 266

Table 122 Menu 4 Internet Access Setup .......................................................................... 270

Table 123 Menu 12 .............................................................................................................271

Table 124 Menu 15 SUA Server Setup .............................................................................. 272

List of Tables 29

P-660HW-T v2 User’s Guide

Table 125 Menu 21.1 Filter Set #1 ..................................................................................... 273

Table 126 Menu 21.1 Filer Set #2, ..................................................................................... 275

Table 127 Menu 23 System Menus .................................................................................... 276

Table 128 Menu 24.11 Remote Management Control ........................................................ 277

Table 129 Command Examples ......................................................................................... 278

Table 130 Classes of IP Addresses ................................................................................... 297

Table 131 Allowed IP Address Range By Class ................................................................. 298

Table 132 “Natural” Masks ................................................................................................. 298

Table 133 Alternative Subnet Mask Notation ..................................................................... 299

Table 134 Two Subnets Example ....................................................................................... 300

Table 135 Subnet 1 ............................................................................................................300

Table 136 Subnet 2 ............................................................................................................300

Table 137 Subnet 1 ............................................................................................................301

Table 138 Subnet 2 ............................................................................................................301

Table 139 Subnet 3 ............................................................................................................302

Table 140 Subnet 4 ............................................................................................................302

Table 141 Eight Subnets .................................................................................................... 302

Table 142 Class C Subnet Planning ................................................................................... 303

Table 143 Class B Subnet Planning ................................................................................... 303

Table 144 Firewall Commands ........................................................................................... 309

Table 145 NetBIOS Filter Default Settings ......................................................................... 316

Table 146 IEEE 802.11g ..................................................................................................... 325

Table 147 Wireless Security Levels ................................................................................... 326

Table 148 Comparison of EAP Authentication Types ......................................................... 329

Table 149 Wireless Security Relational Matrix ................................................................... 333

30 List of Tables

P-660HW-T v2 User’s Guide

Preface

Congratulations on your purchase of the P-660HW-T v2 802.11g Wireless ADSL 2+ 4-port
Gateway. The P-660HW-T v2 comes with built-in IEEE 802.11g wireless capability allowing
wireless connectivity, and has a 4-port switch that allows you to connect up to 4 computers
without purchasing a switch / hub.

Note: Register your product online to receive e-mail notices of firmware upgrades and

information at www.zyxel.com for global products, or at www.us.zyxel.com for
North American products.

About This User's Guide

This manual is designed to guide you through the configuration of your ZyXEL Device for its
various applications. The web configurator parts of this guide contain background information
on features configurable by web configurator.

Note: Use the web configurator or command interpreter interface to configure your

ZyXEL Device. Not all features can be configured through all interfaces.

Syntax Conventions

• “Enter” means for you to type one or more characters. “Select” or “Choose” means for
you to use one predefined choice.

• Mouse action sequences are denoted using a right angle bracket ( > ). For example, “In
Windows, click Start > Settings > Control Panel” means first click the Start button,
then point your mouse pointer to Settings and then click Control Panel.

• “e.g.,” is a shorthand for “for instance”, and “i.e.,” means “that is” or “in other words”.

• The P-660HW-T v2 may be referred to as the “ZyXEL Device” in this User’s Guide.

Related Documentation

• Supporting Disk

Refer to the included CD for support documents.

• Quick Start Guide

The Quick Start Guide is designed to help you get up and running right away. It contains
connection information and instructions on getting started.

• Web Configurator Online Help

Embedded web help for descriptions of individual screens and supplementary
information.

• ZyXEL Web Site

Please go to http://www.zyxel.com for product news, firmware, updated documents, and
other support materials.

Preface 31

P-660HW-T v2 User’s Guide

User Guide Feedback

Help us help you. E-mail all User Guide-related comments, questions or suggestions for
improvement to [e-mail] or send regular mail to The Technical Writing
Team, ZyXEL Communications Corp., 6 Innovation Road II, Science-Based Industrial Park,
Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan. Thank you.

Graphics Icons Key

ZyXEL Device Computer Notebook computer

Server DSLAM Firewall

Telephone Switch Router

Wireless Signal

32 Preface

Getting To Know Your ZyXEL

This chapter describes the key features and applications of your ZyXEL Device.

1.1 Introducing the ZyXEL Device

The ZyXEL Device is an ADSL2+ gateway that allows super-fast, secure Internet access over
analog (POTS) or digital (ISDN) telephone lines (depending on your model).

In the ZyXEL Device product name, “H” denotes an integrated 4-port switch (hub) and “W”
denotes an included wireless LAN card that provides wireless connectivity.

P-660HW-T v2 User’s Guide

CHAPTER 1

Device

Model names ending in “1”, for example P-660HW-T1, denote a device that works over the
analog telephone system, POTS (Plain Old Telephone Service). Model names ending in “3”
denote a device that works over ISDN (Integrated Services Digital Network).

The DSL RJ-11 (ADSL over POTS models) or RJ-45 (ADSL over ISDN models) connects to
your ADSL-enabled telephone line.

Note: Only use firmware for your ZyXEL Device’s specific model. Refer to the label on

the bottom of your ZyXEL Device.

1.2 Features

High Speed Internet Access

The ZyXEL Device is compatible with the ADSL/ADSL2/ADSL2+ standards. Maximum data
rates attainable for each standard are shown in the next table.

Table 1 ADSL Standards

DATA RATE STANDARD UPSTREAM DOWNSTREAM

ADSL

832 kbps 8Mbps

ADSL2

ADSL2+

Chapter 1 Getting To Know Your ZyXEL Device 33

3.5Mbps 12Mbps

3.5Mbps 24Mbps

P-660HW-T v2 User’s Guide

Note: If your ZyXEL Device does not support Annex M, the maximum ADSL2/2+

upstream data rate is 1.2 Mbps. ZyXEL Devices which work over ISDN do not
support Annex M.

The standard your ISP supports determines the maximum upstream and

downstream speeds attainable. Actual speeds attained also depend on the
distance from your ISP, line quality, etc.

Triple Play Service

The ZyXEL Device is a Triple Play Gateway, capable of simultaneously transferring data,
voice and video over the Internet. The Gateway possesses advanced Quality of Service (QoS)
features to provide a high standard of Triple Play delivery.

Zero Configuration Internet Access

Once you connect and turn on the ZyXEL Device, it automatically detects the Internet
connection settings (such as the VCI/VPI numbers and the encapsulation method) from the
ISP and makes the necessary configuration changes. In cases where additional account
information (such as an Internet account user name and password) is required or the ZyXEL
Device cannot connect to the ISP, you will be redirected to web screen(s) for information input
or troubleshooting.

Any IP

The Any IP feature allows a computer to access the Internet and the ZyXEL Device without
changing the network settings (such as IP address and subnet mask) of the computer, when the
IP addresses of the computer and the ZyXEL Device are not in the same subnet.

Firewall

The ZyXEL Device is a stateful inspection firewall with DoS (Denial of Service) protection.
By default, when the firewall is activated, all incoming traffic from the WAN to the LAN is
blocked unless it is initiated from the LAN. The ZyXEL Device firewall supports TCP/UDP
inspection, DoS detection and prevention, real time alerts, reports and logs.

Content Filtering

Content filtering allows you to block access to forbidden Internet web sites, schedule when the
ZyXEL Device should perform the filtering and give trusted LAN IP addresses unfiltered
Internet access.

Traffic Redirect

Traffic redirect forwards WAN traffic to a backup gateway when the ZyXEL Device cannot
connect to the Internet, thus acting as an auxiliary if your regular WAN connection fails.

34 Chapter 1 Getting To Know Your ZyXEL Device

P-660HW-T v2 User’s Guide

Media Bandwidth Management

ZyXEL’s Media Bandwidth Management allows you to specify bandwidth classes based on an
application and/or subnet. You can allocate specific amounts of bandwidth capacity
(bandwidth budgets) to different bandwidth classes.

Universal Plug and Play (UPnP)

Using the standard TCP/IP protocol, the ZyXEL Device and other UPnP enabled devices can
dynamically join a network, obtain an IP address and convey its capabilities to other devices
on the network.

PPPoE (RFC2516)

PPPoE (Point-to-Point Protocol over Ethernet) emulates a dial-up connection. It allows your
ISP to use their existing network configuration with newer broadband technologies such as
ADSL. The PPPoE driver on the ZyXEL Device is transparent to the computers on the LAN,
which see only Ethernet and are not aware of PPPoE thus saving you from having to manage
PPPoE clients on individual computers. The ZyXEL Device also includes PPPoE idle time-out
(the PPPoE connection terminates after a period of no traffic that you configure) and PPPoE
Dial-on-Demand (the PPPoE connection is brought up only when an Internet access request is
made).

Network Address Translation (NAT)

Network Address Translation (NAT) allows the translation of an Internet Protocol address
used within one network (for example a private IP address used in a local network) to a
different IP address known within another network (for example a public IP address used on
the Internet).

Dynamic DNS Support

With Dynamic DNS support, you can have a static hostname alias for a dynamic IP address,
allowing the host to be more easily accessible from various locations on the Internet. You must
register for this service with a Dynamic DNS service provider.

DHCP

DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) allows the individual clients (computers) to
obtain the TCP/IP configuration at start-up from a centralized DHCP server. The ZyXEL
Device has built-in DHCP server capability enabled by default. It can assign IP addresses, an
IP default gateway and DNS servers to DHCP clients. The ZyXEL Device can now also act as
a surrogate DHCP server (DHCP Relay) where it relays IP address assignment from the actual
real DHCP server to the clients.

Chapter 1 Getting To Know Your ZyXEL Device 35

P-660HW-T v2 User’s Guide

IP Alias

IP Alias allows you to partition a physical network into logical networks over the same
Ethernet interface. The ZyXEL Device supports three logical LAN interfaces via its single
physical Ethernet interface with the ZyXEL Device itself as the gateway for each LAN
network.

TR-069 Compliance

TR-069 is a protocol that defines how your ZyXEL Device can be managed via a management
server such as ZyXEL’s Vantage CNM Access. The management server can securely manage
and update configuration changes in the ZyXEL Device.

Housing

Your ZyXEL Device's compact and ventilated housing minimizes space requirements making
it easy to position anywhere in your busy office.

4-port Switch

A combination of switch and router makes your ZyXEL Device a cost-effective and viable
network solution. You can connect up to four computers to the ZyXEL Device without the
cost of a hub. Use a hub to add more than four computers to your LAN.

1.2.1 Wireless Features

Wireless LAN

The ZyXEL Device supports the IEEE 802.11g standard, which is fully compatible with the
IEEE 802.11b standard, meaning that you can have both IEEE 802.11b and IEEE 802.11g
wireless clients in the same wireless network.

Note: The ZyXEL Device may be prone to RF (Radio Frequency) interference from

other 2.4 GHz devices such as microwave ovens, wireless phones, Bluetooth
enabled devices, and other wireless LANs.

Wi-Fi Protected Access

Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA) is a subset of the IEEE 802.11i security specification standard.
Key differences between WPA and WEP are user authentication and improved data
encryption.

WPA2

WPA 2 (IEEE 802.11i) is a wireless security standard that defines stronger encryption,
authentication and key management than WPA.

36 Chapter 1 Getting To Know Your ZyXEL Device

P-660HW-T v2 User’s Guide

Both WPA and WPA2 improve data encryption by using Temporal Key Integrity Protocol
(TKIP), Message Integrity Check (MIC) and IEEE 802.1x. In addition to TKIP, WPA2 also
uses Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) in the Counter mode with Cipher block chaining
Message authentication code Protocol (CCMP) to offer stronger encryption.

Antenna

The ZyXEL Device is equipped with one 3dBi fixed antenna to provide clear radio signal
between the wireless stations and the access points.

WEP Encryption

WEP (Wired Equivalent Privacy) encrypts data frames before transmitting over the wireless
network to help keep network communications private.

Output Power Management

Output power management is the ability to set the level of output power.

There may be interference or difficulty with channel assignment when there is a high density
of APs within a coverage area. In this case you can lower the output power of each access
point, thus enabling you to place access points closer together.

Wireless LAN MAC Address Filtering

Your ZyXEL Device can check the MAC addresses of wireless stations against a list of
allowed or denied MAC addresses.

1.3 Applications for the ZyXEL Device

Here are some example uses for which the ZyXEL Device is well suited.

1.3.1 Protected Internet Access

The ZyXEL Device is the ideal high-speed Internet access solution. It is compatible with all
major ADSL DSLAM (Digital Subscriber Line Access Multiplexer) providers and supports
the ADSL standards as shown in Table 1 on page 33. In addition, the ZyXEL Device with the
wireless features allows wireless clients access to your network resources.

The ZyXEL Device provides protection from attacks by Internet hackers. By default, the
firewall blocks all incoming traffic from the WAN. The firewall supports TCP/UDP
inspection and DoS (Denial of Services) detection and prevention, as well as real time alerts,
reports and logs.

Chapter 1 Getting To Know Your ZyXEL Device 37

P-660HW-T v2 User’s Guide

Figure 1 Protected Internet Access Applications

1.3.2 LAN to LAN Application

You can use the ZyXEL Device to connect two geographically dispersed networks over the
ADSL line. A typical LAN-to-LAN application example is shown as follows.

Figure 2 LAN-to-LAN Application Example

1.4 Front Panel LEDs

The following figure shows the front panel LEDs.

Figure 3 Front Panel

38 Chapter 1 Getting To Know Your ZyXEL Device

P-660HW-T v2 User’s Guide

The following table describes the LEDs.

Table 2 Front Panel LEDs

LED COLOR STATUS DESCRIPTION

POWER Green On The ZyXEL Device is receiving power and functioning

properly.

Blinking The ZyXEL Device is booting or performing diagnostics.

Red On Power to the ZyXEL Device is too low.

Off The system is not ready or has malfunctioned.

ETHERNET
1,2,3,4

WLAN Green On The ZyXEL Device is ready, but is not sending/receiving data

DSL Green On The DSL line is up.

INTERNET Green On The Internet connection is up.

Green On The ZyXEL Device has a successful Ethernet connection.

Blinking The ZyXEL Device is sending/receiving data.

Off The ZyXEL Device is not connected to the LAN.

through the wireless LAN.

Blinking The ZyXEL Device is sending/receiving data through the

wireless LAN.

Off The wireless LAN is not ready or has failed.

Blinking The ZyXEL Device is initializing the DSL line.

Off The DSL line is down.

Blinking The ZyXEL Device is sending/receiving data.

Off The Internet connection is down.

1.5 Hardware Connection

Refer to the Quick Start Guide for information on hardware connection.

Chapter 1 Getting To Know Your ZyXEL Device 39

P-660HW-T v2 User’s Guide

40 Chapter 1 Getting To Know Your ZyXEL Device

Introducing the Web

This chapter describes how to access and navigate the web configurator.

2.1 Web Configurator Overview

The web configurator is an HTML-based management interface that allows easy ZyXEL
Device setup and management via Internet browser. Use Internet Explorer 6.0 and later or
Netscape Navigator 7.0 and later versions. The recommended screen resolution is 1024 by 768
pixels.

P-660HW-T v2 User’s Guide

CHAPTER 2

Configurator

In order to use the web configurator you need to allow:

• Web browser pop-up windows from your device. Web pop-up blocking is enabled by
default in Windows XP SP (Service Pack) 2.

• JavaScripts (enabled by default).

• Java permissions (enabled by default).

See the chapter on troubleshooting if you need to make sure these functions are allowed in
Internet Explorer.

2.2 Accessing the Web Configurator

Note: Even though you can connect to the ZyXEL Device wirelessly, it is

recommended that you connect your computer to a LAN port for initial
configuration.

1 Make sure your ZyXEL Device hardware is properly connected (refer to the Quick Start

Guide).

2 Prepare your computer/computer network to connect to the ZyXEL Device (refer to the

Quick Start Guide).

3 Launch your web browser.

4 Type "192.168.1.1" as the URL.

5 A window displays as shown. Enter the default admin password 1234 to configure the

wizards and the advanced features or enter the default user password user to view the

Chapter 2 Introducing the Web Configurator 41

P-660HW-T v2 User’s Guide

status only. Click Login to proceed to a screen asking you to change your password or
click Cancel to revert to the default password.

Figure 4 Password Screen

6 If you entered the user password, skip the next two steps and refer to Section 2.4.2 on

page 46 for more information about the Status screen.

If you entered the admin password, it is highly recommended you change the default
admin password! Enter a new password between 1 and 30 characters, retype it to confirm
and click Apply. Alternatively click Ignore to proceed to the main menu if you do not
want to change the password now.

Note: If you do not change the password at least once, the following screen appears

every time you log in with the admin password.

Figure 5 Change Password at Login

7 Select Go to Wizard setup and click Apply to display the wizard main screen.

Otherwise, select Go to Advanced setup and click Apply to display the Status screen.

42 Chapter 2 Introducing the Web Configurator

P-660HW-T v2 User’s Guide

Figure 6 Select a Mode

Note: The management session automatically times out when the time period set in

the Administrator Inactivity Timer field expires (default five minutes). Simply
log back into the ZyXEL Device if this happens to you.

2.3 Resetting the ZyXEL Device

If you forget your password or cannot access the web configurator, you will need to use the
RESET button at the back of the ZyXEL Device to reload the factory-default configuration
file. This means that you will lose all configurations that you had previously and the password
will be reset to “1234”.

2.3.1 Using the Reset Button

1 Make sure the POWER LED is on (not blinking).

2 Press the RESET button for ten seconds or until the POWER LED begins to blink and

then release it. When the POWER LED begins to blink, the defaults have been restored
and the ZyXEL Device restarts.

2.4 Navigating the Web Configurator

2.4.1 Navigation Panel

After you enter the admin password, use the sub-menus on the navigation panel to configure
ZyXEL Device features. The following table describes the sub-menus.

Chapter 2 Introducing the Web Configurator 43

P-660HW-T v2 User’s Guide

Figure 7 Web Configurator: Main Screen

Click the Logout icon at any time
to exit the web configurator.

Use the
submenus
to configure
ZyXEL
Device
features.

Note: Click the icon (located in the top right corner of most screens) to view

embedded help.

Table 3 Web Configurator Screens Summary

LINK/ICON SUB-LINK FUNCTION

Wizard INTERNET/

WIRELESS
SETUP

BANDWIDTH
MANAGEMENT
SETUP

Logout Click this icon to exit the web configurator.

Status This screen shows the ZyXEL Device’s general device, system

Network

WAN Internet

Connection

More Connections Use this screen to view and configure other connections for

WAN Backup
Setup

Use these screens for initial configuration including general
setup, ISP parameters for Internet Access and WAN IP/DNS
Server/MAC address assignment.

Use these screens to limit bandwidth usage by application or
packet type.

and interface status information. Use this screen to access the
summary statistics tables.

This screen allows you to configure ISP parameters, WAN IP
address assignment, DNS servers and other advanced
properties.

placing calls to another remote gateway.

Use this screen to configure your traffic redirect properties and
WAN backup settings.

44 Chapter 2 Introducing the Web Configurator

P-660HW-T v2 User’s Guide

Table 3 Web Configurator Screens Summary (continued)

LINK/ICON SUB-LINK FUNCTION

LAN IP Use this screen to configure LAN TCP/IP settings, enable Any

IP and other advanced properties.

DHCP Setup Use this screen to configure LAN DHCP settings.

Client List

IP Alias

Wireless LAN General Use this screen to configure the wireless LAN settings and

OTIST This screen allows you to assign wireless clients the ZyXEL

MAC Filter Use this screen to configure the ZyXEL Device to block access

NAT General

Port Forwarding

Address Mapping Use this screen to configure network address translation

Security

Firewall General Use this screen to activate/deactivate the firewall and the

Rules This screen shows a summary of the firewall rules, and allows

Anti Probing Use this screen to change your anti-probing settings.

Threshold Use this screen to configure the threshold for DoS attacks.

Content Filter Keyword Use this screen to block sites containing certain keywords in the

Schedule Use this screen to set the days and times for the ZyXEL Device

Trusted Use this screen to exclude a range of users on the LAN from

Advanced

Static Route Use this screen to configure IP static routes.

Bandwidth
MGMT

Dynamic DNS Use this screen to set up dynamic DNS.

Summary Use this screen to enable bandwidth management on an

Rule Setup Use this screen to define a bandwidth rule.

Monitor Use this screen to view the ZyXEL Device’s bandwidth usage

Use this screen to view current DHCP client information and to
always assign an IP address to a MAC address (and host
name).

Use this screen to partition your LAN interface into subnets.

WLAN authentication/security settings.

Device’s wireless security settings.

to devices or block the devices from accessing the ZyXEL
Device.

Use this screen to enable NAT.

Use this screen to configure servers behind the ZyXEL Device.

mapping rules.

direction of network traffic to which to apply the rule.

you to edit/add a firewall rule.

URL.

to perform content filtering.

content filtering on your ZyXEL Device.

interface.

and allotments.

Chapter 2 Introducing the Web Configurator 45

P-660HW-T v2 User’s Guide

Table 3 Web Configurator Screens Summary (continued)

LINK/ICON SUB-LINK FUNCTION

Remote MGMT WWW Use this screen to configure through which interface(s) and

UPnP Use this screen to enable UPnP on the ZyXEL Device.

Maintenance

System General This screen contains administrative and system-related

Logs View Log Use this screen to view the logs for the categories that you

Tools Firmware Use this screen to upload firmware to your ZyXEL Device.

Diagnostic General These screens display information to help you identify problems

from which IP address(es) users can use HTTPS or HTTP to
manage the ZyXEL Device.

Te ln e t Use this screen to configure through which interface(s) and

from which IP address(es) users can use Telnet to manage the
ZyXEL Device.

FTP Use this screen to configure through which interface(s) and

from which IP address(es) users can use FTP to access the
ZyXEL Device.

SNMP Use this screen to configure your ZyXEL Device’s settings for

Simple Network Management Protocol management.

DNS Use this screen to configure through which interface(s) and

from which IP address(es) users can send DNS queries to the
ZyXEL Device.

ICMP Use this screen to change your anti-probing settings.

information and also allows you to change your password.

Time Setting Use this screen to change your ZyXEL Device’s time and date.

selected.

Log Settings Use this screen to change your ZyXEL Device’s log settings.

Configuration Use this screen to backup and restore the configuration or reset

the factory defaults to your ZyXEL Device.

Restart This screen allows you to reboot the ZyXEL Device without

turning the power off.

with the ZyXEL Device general connection.

DSL Line These screens display information to help you identify problems

with the DSL line.

2.4.2 Status Screen

The following summarizes how to navigate the web configurator from the Status screen.
Some fields or links are not available if you entered the user password in the login password
screen (see Figure 4 on page 42). Not all fields are available on all models.

46 Chapter 2 Introducing the Web Configurator

Figure 8 Status Screen

P-660HW-T v2 User’s Guide

The following table describes the labels shown in the Status screen.

Table 4 Status Screen

LABEL DESCRIPTION

Refresh Interval Select a number of seconds or None from the drop-down list box to refresh all

screen statistics automatically at the end of every time interval or to not refresh the
screen statistics.

Apply Click this button to refresh the status screen statistics.

Device Information

Host Name This is the System Name you enter in the Maintenance > System > General

Model Number This is your ZyXEL Device’s model name.

MAC Address This is the MAC (Media Access Control) or Ethernet address unique to your ZyXEL

ZyNOS Firmware
Version

WAN Information

DSL Mode This is the standard that your ZyXEL Device is using.

IP Address

IP Subnet Mask

Default Gateway

VPI/VCI This is the Virtual Path Identifier and Virtual Channel Identifier that you entered in

LAN Information

IP Address This is the LAN port IP address.

screen. It is for identification purposes.

Device.

This is the ZyNOS Firmware version and the date created. ZyNOS is ZyXEL's
proprietary Network Operating System design.

This is the WAN port IP address.

This is the WAN port IP subnet mask.

This is the IP address of the default gateway, if applicable.

the wizard or WAN screen.

Chapter 2 Introducing the Web Configurator 47

P-660HW-T v2 User’s Guide

Table 4 Status Screen

LABEL DESCRIPTION

IP Subnet Mask This is the LAN port IP subnet mask.

DHCP This is the WAN port DHCP role - Server, Relay or None.

WLAN Information (Wireless devices only)

SSID This is the descriptive name used to identify the ZyXEL Device in the wireless

Channel This is the channel number used by the ZyXEL Device now.

Security This displays the WLAN security mode.

Security

Firewall This displays whether or not the ZyXEL Device’s firewall is activated.

Content Filter This displays whether or not the ZyXEL Device’s content filtering is activated.

System Status

System Uptime This is the total time the ZyXEL Device has been on.

Current Date/Time This field displays your ZyXEL Device’s present date and time.

System Mode This displays whether the ZyXEL Device is functioning as a router or a bridge.

CPU Usage This number shows how many kilobytes of the heap memory the ZyXEL Device is

Memory Usage This number shows the ZyXEL Device's total heap memory (in kilobytes).

Interface Status

Interface This displays the ZyXEL Device port types.

Status This field displays Down (line is down), Up (line is up or connected) if you're using

Rate For the LAN ports, this displays the port speed and duplex setting.

Summary

Any IP Table Use this screen to view a list of IP addresses and MAC addresses of computers,

WLAN Status
(Wireless devices
only)

LAN.

using. Heap memory refers to the memory that is not used by ZyNOS (ZyXEL
Network Operating System) and is thus available for running processes like NAT,
VPN and the firewall.

The bar displays what percent of the ZyXEL Device's heap memory is in use. The
bar turns from green to red when the maximum is being approached.

The bar displays what percent of the ZyXEL Device's heap memory is in use. The
bar turns from green to red when the maximum is being approached.

Ethernet encapsulation and Down (line is down), Up (line is up or connected), Idle
(line (ppp) idle), Dial (starting to trigger a call) and Drop (dropping a call) if you're
using PPPoE encapsulation.

For the WLAN port, it displays Active when WLAN is enabled or Inactive when
WLAN is disabled.

Ethernet port connections can be in half-duplex or full-duplex mode. Full-duplex
refers to a device's ability to send and receive simultaneously, while half-duplex
indicates that traffic can flow in only one direction at a time. The Ethernet port must
use the same speed or duplex mode setting as the peer Ethernet port in order to
connect.

For the WAN port, it displays the downstream and upstream transmission rate.
For the WLAN port, it displays the transmission rate when WLAN is enabled or N/A

when WLAN is disabled.

which are not in the same subnet as the ZyXEL Device.

This screen displays the MAC address(es) of the wireless stations that are
currently associating with the ZyXEL Device.

48 Chapter 2 Introducing the Web Configurator

Table 4 Status Screen

LABEL DESCRIPTION

Bandwidth Status Use this screen to view the ZyXEL Device’s bandwidth usage and allotments.

Packet Statistics Use this screen to view port status and packet specific statistics.

2.4.3 Status: Any IP Table

Click the Any IP Table hyperlink in the Status screen. The Any IP table shows current read-
only information (including the IP address and the MAC address) of all network devices that
use the Any IP feature to communicate with the ZyXEL Device.

Figure 9 Status: Any IP Table

P-660HW-T v2 User’s Guide

The following table describes the labels in this screen.

Table 5 Status: Any IP Table

LABEL DESCRIPTION

# This is the index number of the host computer.

IP Address This field displays the IP address of the network device.

MAC Address This field displays the MAC (Media Access Control) address of the computer with the

Refresh Click Refresh to update this screen.

displayed IP address.
Every Ethernet device has a unique MAC address. The MAC address is assigned at

the factory and consists of six pairs of hexadecimal characters, for example,
00:A0:C5:00:00:02.

2.4.4 Status: WLAN Status

Click the WLAN Status hyperlink in the Status screen to view the wireless stations that are
currently associated to the ZyXEL Device.

Chapter 2 Introducing the Web Configurator 49

P-660HW-T v2 User’s Guide

Figure 10 Status: WLAN Status

The following table describes the labels in this screen.

Table 6 Status: WLAN Status

LABEL DESCRIPTION

# This is the index number of an associated wireless station.

MAC Address This field displays the MAC (Media Access Control) address of an associated wireless

Association
TIme

Refresh Click Refresh to reload this screen.

station.

This field displays the time a wireless station first associated with the ZyXEL Device.

2.4.5 Status: Bandwidth Status

Click the Bandwidth Status hyperlink in the Status screen. Select an interface from the drop­down list box to view the bandwidth usage of its bandwidth rules. The gray section of the bar
represents the percentage of unused bandwidth and the blue color represents the percentage of
bandwidth in use.

Figure 11 Status: Bandwidth Status

50 Chapter 2 Introducing the Web Configurator

2.4.6 Status: Packet Statistics

Click the Packet Statistics hyperlink in the Status screen. Read-only information here
includes port status and packet specific statistics. Also provided are "system up time" and "poll
interval(s)". The Poll Interval(s) field is configurable. Not all fields are available on all
models

Figure 12 Status: Packet Statistics

P-660HW-T v2 User’s Guide

The following table describes the fields in this screen.

Table 7 Status: Packet Statistics

LABEL DESCRIPTION

System Monitor

System up Time This is the elapsed time the system has been up.

Current Date/Time This field displays your ZyXEL Device’s present date and time.

CPU Usage This field specifies the percentage of CPU utilization.

Memory Usage This field specifies the percentage of memory utilization.

LAN or WAN Port
Stat istics

Link Status This is the status of your WAN link.

Upstream Speed This is the upstream speed of your ZyXEL Device.

Downstream Speed This is the downstream speed of your ZyXEL Device.

Node-Link This field displays the remote node index number and link type. Link types are

Interface This field displays the type of port.

This is the WAN or LAN port.

PPPoA, ENET, RFC 1483 and PPPoE.

Chapter 2 Introducing the Web Configurator 51

P-660HW-T v2 User’s Guide

Table 7 Status: Packet Statistics (continued)

LABEL DESCRIPTION

Status This field displays Down (line is down), Up (line is up or connected) if you're

TxPkts This field displays the number of packets transmitted on this port.

RxPkts This field displays the number of packets received on this port.

Errors This field displays the number of error packets on this port.

Tx B/s This field displays the number of bytes transmitted in the last second.

Rx B/s This field displays the number of bytes received in the last second.

Up Time This field displays the elapsed time this port has been up.

Collisions This is the number of collisions on this port.

Poll Interval(s) Type the time interval for the browser to refresh system statistics.

Set Interval Click this button to apply the new poll interval you entered in the Poll Interval

Stop Click this button to halt the refreshing of the system statistics.

using Ethernet encapsulation and Down (line is down), Up (line is up or
connected), Idle (line (ppp) idle), Dial (starting to trigger a call) and Drop
(dropping a call) if you're using PPPoE encapsulation.

For the WLAN port, it displays the transmission rate when WLAN is enabled or
N/A when WLAN is disabled.

field above.

2.4.7 Changing Login Password

It is highly recommended that you periodically change the password for accessing the ZyXEL
Device. If you didn’t change the default one after you logged in or you want to change to a
new password again, then click Maintenance > System to display the screen shown next. See

Table 85 on page 220 for detailed field descriptions.

52 Chapter 2 Introducing the Web Configurator

Figure 13 System General

P-660HW-T v2 User’s Guide

Chapter 2 Introducing the Web Configurator 53

P-660HW-T v2 User’s Guide

54 Chapter 2 Introducing the Web Configurator

P-660HW-T v2 User’s Guide

CHAPTER 3

Wizard Setup for Internet Access

This chapter provides information on the Wizard Setup screens for Internet access in the web
configurator.

3.1 Introduction

Use the wizard setup screens to configure your system for Internet access with the information
given to you by your ISP.

Note: See the advanced menu chapters for background information on these fields.

3.2 Internet Access Wizard Setup

1 After you enter the admin password to access the web configurator, select Go to Wizard

setup and click Apply. Otherwise, click the wizard icon ( ) in the top right corner of
the web configurator to display the wizard main screen.

Figure 14 Select a Mode

2 Click INTERNET/WIRELESS SETUP to configure the system for Internet access and

wireless connection.

Chapter 3 Wizard Setup for Internet Access 55

P-660HW-T v2 User’s Guide

Figure 15 Wizard: Welcome

3 The wizard attempts to detect which WAN connection type you are using.

If the wizard detects your connection type and your ISP uses PPPoE or PPPoA, go to

Section 3.2.1 on page 57. The screen varies depending on the connection type you use.

If the wizard does not detect a connection type and the following screen appears (see

Figure 16 on page 56), check your hardware connections and click Restart the Internet/

Wireless Setup Wizard to have the ZyXEL Device detect your connection again.

Figure 16 Auto Detection: No DSL Connection

If the wizard still cannot detect a connection type and the following screen appears (see

Figure 17 on page 57), click Next and refer to Section 3.2.2 on page 57 on how to

configure the ZyXEL Device for Internet access manually.

56 Chapter 3 Wizard Setup for Internet Access

Figure 17 Auto Detection: Failed

3.2.1 Automatic Detection

1 If you have a PPPoE or PPPoA connection, a screen displays prompting you to enter your

Internet account information. Enter the username, password and/or service name exactly
as provided.

P-660HW-T v2 User’s Guide

2 Click Next and see Section 3.3 on page 62 for wireless connection wizard setup.

Figure 18 Auto-Detection: PPPoE

3.2.2 Manual Configuration

1 If the ZyXEL Device fails to detect your DSL connection type, enter the Internet access

information given to you by your ISP exactly in the wizard screen. If not given, leave the
fields set to the default.

Chapter 3 Wizard Setup for Internet Access 57

P-660HW-T v2 User’s Guide

Figure 19 Internet Access Wizard Setup: ISP Parameters

The following table describes the fields in this screen.

Table 8 Internet Access Wizard Setup: ISP Parameters

LABEL DESCRIPTION

Mode From the Mode drop-down list box, select Routing (default) if your ISP allows

Encapsulation Select the encapsulation type your ISP uses from the Encapsulation drop-down list

Multiplexing Select the multiplexing method used by your ISP from the Multiplex drop-down list

Virtual Circuit IDVPI (Virtual Path Identifier) and VCI (Virtual Channel Identifier) define a virtual circuit.

VPI Enter the VPI assigned to you. This field may already be configured.

VCI Enter the VCI assigned to you. This field may already be configured.

Back Click Back to go back to the previous screen.

Next Click Next to continue to the next wizard screen. The next wizard screen you see

Exit Click Exit to close the wizard screen without saving your changes.

multiple computers to share an Internet account. Otherwise select Bridge.

box. Choices vary depending on what you select in the Mode field.
If you select Bridge in the Mode field, select either PPPoA or RFC 1483.
If you select Routing in the Mode field, select PPPoA, RFC 1483, ENET ENCAP or

PPPoE.

box either VC-based or LLC-based.

Refer to the appendix for more information.

depends on what protocol you chose above.

58 Chapter 3 Wizard Setup for Internet Access

P-660HW-T v2 User’s Guide

2 The next wizard screen varies depending on what mode and encapsulation type you use.

All screens shown are with routing mode. Configure the fields and click Next to continue.
See Section 3.3 on page 62 for wireless connection wizard setup

Figure 20 Internet Connection with PPPoE

The following table describes the fields in this screen.

Table 9 Internet Connection with PPPoE

LABEL DESCRIPTION

User Name Enter the user name exactly as your ISP assigned. If assigned a name in the form

user@domain where domain identifies a service name, then enter both components
exactly as given.

Password Enter the password associated with the user name above.

Service Name Type the name of your PPPoE service here.

Back Click Back to go back to the previous wizard screen.

Apply Click Apply to save your changes to the ZyXEL Device.

Exit Click Exit to close the wizard screen without saving your changes.

Figure 21 Internet Connection with RFC 1483

Chapter 3 Wizard Setup for Internet Access 59

P-660HW-T v2 User’s Guide

The following table describes the fields in this screen.

Table 10 Internet Connection with RFC 1483

LABEL DESCRIPTION

IP Address This field is available if you select Routing in the Mode field.

Back Click Back to go back to the previous wizard screen.

Next Click Next to continue to the next wizard screen.

Exit Click Exit to close the wizard screen without saving your changes.

Figure 22 Internet Connection with ENET ENCAP

Type your ISP assigned IP address in this field.

The following table describes the fields in this screen.

Table 11 Internet Connection with ENET ENCAP

LABEL DESCRIPTION

Obtain an IP
Address
Automatically

Stat ic IP
Address

IP Address Enter your ISP assigned IP address.

Subnet Mask Enter a subnet mask in dotted decimal notation.

Gateway IP
address

First DNS
Server

60 Chapter 3 Wizard Setup for Internet Access

A static IP address is a fixed IP that your ISP gives you. A dynamic IP address is not
fixed; the ISP assigns you a different one each time you connect to the Internet.

Select Obtain an IP Address Automatically if you have a dynamic IP address.

Select Static IP Address if your ISP gives you a fixed IP address.

Refer to the appendices to calculate a subnet mask If you are implementing subnetting.

You must specify a gateway IP address (supplied by your ISP) when you use ENET
ENCAP in the Encapsulation field in the previous screen.

Enter the IP addresses of the DNS servers. The DNS servers are passed to the DHCP
clients along with the IP address and the subnet mask.

Table 11 Internet Connection with ENET ENCAP (continued)

LABEL DESCRIPTION

P-660HW-T v2 User’s Guide

Second DNS
Server

Back Click Back to go back to the previous wizard screen.

Apply Click Apply to save your changes to the ZyXEL Device.

Exit Click Exit to close the wizard screen without saving your changes.

As above.

Figure 23 Internet Connection with PPPoA

The following table describes the fields in this screen.

Table 12 Internet Connection with PPPoA

LABEL DESCRIPTION

User Name Enter the login name that your ISP gives you.

Password Enter the password associated with the user name above.

Back Click Back to go back to the previous wizard screen.

Apply Click Apply to save your changes to the ZyXEL Device.

Exit Click Exit to close the wizard screen without saving your changes.

• If the user name and/or password you entered for PPPoE or PPPoA connection are not
correct, the screen displays as shown next. Click Back to Username and Password
setup to go back to the screen where you can modify them.

Chapter 3 Wizard Setup for Internet Access 61

P-660HW-T v2 User’s Guide

Figure 24 Connection Test Failed-1

• If the following screen displays, check if your account is activated or click Restart the
Internet/Wireless Setup Wizard to verify your Internet access settings.

Figure 25 Connection Test Failed-2.

3.3 Wireless Connection Wizard Setup

After you configure the Internet access information, use the following screens to set up your
wireless LAN.

1 Select Ye s and click Next to configure wireless settings. Otherwise, select No and skip to

Step 6.

62 Chapter 3 Wizard Setup for Internet Access

P-660HW-T v2 User’s Guide

Figure 26 Connection Test Successful

2 Use this screen to activate the wireless LAN and OTIST. Click Next to continue.

Figure 27 Wireless LAN Setup Wizard 1

Chapter 3 Wizard Setup for Internet Access 63

P-660HW-T v2 User’s Guide

The following table describes the labels in this screen.

Table 13 Wireless LAN Setup Wizard 1

LABEL DESCRIPTION

Active Select the check box to turn on the wireless LAN.

Enable OTIST Select the check box to enable OTIST if you want to transfer your ZyXEL

Setup Key Type an OTIST Setup Key of up to eight ASCII characters in length. Be sure to

Back

Next Click Next to proceed to the next screen.

Exit Click Exit to close the wizard screen without saving.

Device’s SSID and WPA-PSK security settings to wireless clients that support
OTIST and are within transmission range.

You must also activate and start OTIST on the wireless client at the same time.
The process takes three minutes to complete.

Note: Enable OTIST only if your wireless clients support WPA

and OTIST.

use the same OTIST Setup Key on the ZyXEL Device and wireless clients.

Click Back to display the previous screen.

3 Configure your wireless settings in this screen. Click Next.

Figure 28 Wireless LAN Setup Wizard 2

64 Chapter 3 Wizard Setup for Internet Access

The following table describes the labels in this screen.

Table 14 Wireless LAN Setup Wizard 2

LABEL DESCRIPTION

P-660HW-T v2 User’s Guide

Network
Name(SSID)

Channel
Selection

Security Select Automatically assign a WPA key (Recommended) to have the ZyXEL

Enter a descriptive name (up to 32 printable 7-bit ASCII characters) for the wireless
LAN.

If you change this field on the ZyXEL Device, make sure all wireless stations use the
same SSID in order to access the network.

The range of radio frequencies used by IEEE 802.11b/g wireless devices is called a
channel. Select a channel ID that is not already in use by a neighboring device.

Device create a pre-shared key (WPA-PSK) automatically only if your wireless clients
support WPA and OTIST. This option is available only when you enable OTIST in the
previous wizard screen.

Select Manually assign a WPA-PSK key to configure a pre-shared key (WPA-PSK).
Choose this option only if your wireless clients support WPA. See Section 3.3.1 on

page 65 for more information.

Select Manually assign a WEP key to configure a WEP Key. See Section 3.3.2 on

page 66 for more information.

Select Disable wireless security to have no wireless LAN security configured and
your network is accessible to any wireless networking device that is within range.

Note: If you enable OTIST in the previous wizard screen but select

Disable wireless security here, the ZyXEL Device still creates

a pre-shared key (WPA-PSK) automatically.

If you enable OTIST and select Manually assign a WEP key,
the ZyXEL Device will replace the WEP key with a WPA-PSK.

Back Click Back to display the previous screen.

Next Click Next to proceed to the next screen.

Exit Click Exit to close the wizard screen without saving.

Note: The wireless stations and ZyXEL Device must use the same SSID, channel ID

and WEP encryption key (if WEP is enabled), WPA-PSK (if WPA-PSK is
enabled) for wireless communication.

4 This screen varies depending on the security mode you selected in the previous screen.

Fill in the field (if available) and click Next.

3.3.1 Manually assign a WPA-PSK key

Choose Manually assign a WPA-PSK key in the Wireless LAN setup screen to set up a Pre­Shared Key.

Chapter 3 Wizard Setup for Internet Access 65

P-660HW-T v2 User’s Guide

Figure 29 Manually assign a WPA-PSK key

The following table describes the labels in this screen.

Table 15 Manually assign a WPA key

LABEL DESCRIPTION

Pre-Shared
Key

Back Click Back to display the previous screen.

Next Click Next to proceed to the next screen.

Exit Click Exit to close the wizard screen without saving.

Type from 8 to 63 case-sensitive ASCII characters. You can set up the most secure
wireless connection by configuring WPA in the wireless LAN screens. You need to
configure an authentication server to do this.

3.3.2 Manually assign a WEP key

Choose Manually assign a WEP key to setup WEP Encryption parameters.

Figure 30 Manually assign a WEP key

66 Chapter 3 Wizard Setup for Internet Access

P-660HW-T v2 User’s Guide

The following table describes the labels in this screen.

Table 16 Manually assign a WEP key

LABEL DESCRIPTION

Key The WEP keys are used to encrypt data. Both the ZyXEL Device and the wireless

stations must use the same WEP key for data transmission.
Enter any 5, 13 or 29 ASCII characters or 10, 26 or 58 hexadecimal characters ("0-9",

"A-F") for a 64-bit, 128-bit or 256-bit WEP key respectively.

Back Click Back to display the previous screen.

Next Click Next to proceed to the next screen.

Exit Click Exit to close the wizard screen without saving.

5 Click Apply to save your wireless LAN settings.

Figure 31 Wireless LAN Setup 3

6 Use the read-only summary table to check whether what you have configured is correct.

Click Finish to complete and save the wizard setup.

Chapter 3 Wizard Setup for Internet Access 67

P-660HW-T v2 User’s Guide

Figure 32 Internet Access and WLAN Wizard Setup Complete

7 Launch your web browser and navigate to www.zyxel.com. Internet access is just the

beginning. Refer to the rest of this guide for more detailed information on the complete
range of ZyXEL Device features. If you cannot access the Internet, open the web
configurator again to confirm that the Internet settings you configured in the wizard setup
are correct.

68 Chapter 3 Wizard Setup for Internet Access

P-660HW-T v2 User’s Guide

CHAPTER 4

Bandwidth Management Wizard

This chapter shows you how to configure basic bandwidth management using the wizard
screens.

4.1 Introduction

Bandwidth management allows you to control the amount of bandwidth going out through the
ZyXEL Device’s WAN port and prioritize the distribution of the bandwidth according to
service bandwidth requirements. This helps keep one service from using all of the available
bandwidth and shutting out other users.

4.2 Predefined Media Bandwidth Management Services

The following is a description of the services that you can select and to which you can apply
media bandwidth management using the wizard screens.

Table 17 Media Bandwidth Management Setup: Services

SERVICE DESCRIPTION

E-Mail Electronic mail consists of messages sent through a computer network to specific

groups or individuals. Here are some default ports for e-mail:
POP3 - port 110
IMAP - port 143
SMTP - port 25
HTTP - port 80

FTP File Transfer Protocol enables fast transfer of files, including large files that may

not be possible by e-mail. FTP uses port number 21.

NetMeeting
(H.323)

VoIP (H.323) Sending voice signals over the Internet is called Voice over IP or VoIP.

A multimedia communications product from Microsoft that enables groups to
teleconference and videoconference over the Internet. NetMeeting supports VoIP,
text chat sessions, a whiteboard, file transfers and application sharing.

NetMeeting uses H.323. H.323 is a standard teleconferencing protocol suite that
provides audio, data and video conferencing. It allows for real-time point-to-point
and multipoint communication between client computers over a packet-based
network that does not provide a guaranteed quality of service.

H.323 is transported primarily over TCP, using the default port number 1720.

H.323 is a standard teleconferencing protocol suite that provides audio, data and
video conferencing. It allows for real-time point-to-point and multipoint
communication between client computers over a packet-based network that does
not provide a guaranteed quality of service.

H.323 is transported primarily over TCP, using the default port number 1720.

Chapter 4 Bandwidth Management Wizard 69

P-660HW-T v2 User’s Guide

Table 17 Media Bandwidth Management Setup: Services (continued)

SERVICE DESCRIPTION

VoIP (SIP) Sending voice signals over the Internet is called Voice over IP or VoIP. Session

Telnet Telnet is the login and terminal emulation protocol common on the Internet and in

TFTP Trivial File Transfer Protocol is an Internet file transfer protocol similar to FTP, but

WWW The World Wide Web (WWW) is an Internet system to distribute graphical, hyper-

Initiated Protocol (SIP) is an internationally recognized standard for implementing
VoIP. SIP is an application-layer control (signaling) protocol that handles the
setting up, altering and tearing down of voice and multimedia sessions over the
Internet.

SIP is transported primarily over UDP but can also be transported over TCP, using
the default port number 5060.

UNIX environments. It operates over TCP/IP networks. Its primary function is to
allow users to log into remote host systems. Telnet uses TCP port 23.

uses the UDP (User Datagram Protocol) rather than TCP (Transmission Control
Protocol).

linked information, based on Hyper Text Transfer Protocol (HTTP) - a client/server
protocol for the World Wide Web. The Web is not synonymous with the Internet;
rather, it is just one service on the Internet. Other services on the Internet include
Internet Relay Chat and Newsgroups. The Web is accessed through use of a
browser.

4.3 Bandwidth Management Wizard Setup

1 After you enter the admin password to access the web configurator, select Go to Wizard

setup and click Apply. Otherwise, click the wizard icon ( ) in the top right corner of
the web configurator to display the wizard main screen.

Figure 33 Select a Mode

2 Click BANDWIDTH MANAGEMENT SETUP to configure the system for Internet

access and wireless connection.

70 Chapter 4 Bandwidth Management Wizard

P-660HW-T v2 User’s Guide

Figure 34 Wizard: Welcome

3 Activate bandwidth management and select to allocate bandwidth to packets based on the

service requirements.

Figure 35 Bandwidth Management Wizard: General Information

The following fields describe the label in this screen.

Table 18 Bandwidth Management Wizard: General Information

LABEL DESCRIPTION

Active Select the Active check box to have the ZyXEL Device apply bandwidth

Back Click Back to display the previous screen.

Next Click Next to proceed to the next screen.

Exit Click Exit to close the wizard screen without saving.

management to traffic going out through the ZyXEL Device’s port(s).
Select Services Setup to allocate bandwidth based on the service requirements.

4 Use the second wizard screen to select the services that you want to apply bandwidth

management and select the priorities that you want to apply to the services listed.

Chapter 4 Bandwidth Management Wizard 71

P-660HW-T v2 User’s Guide

Figure 36 Bandwidth Management Wizard: Configuration

The following table describes the labels in this screen.

Table 19 Bandwidth Management Wizard: Configuration

LABEL DESCRIPTION

Active Select an entry’s Active check box to turn on bandwidth management for the service/

Service These fields display the services names.

Priority Select High, Mid or Low priority for each service to have your ZyXEL Device use a

Auto classifier
rest bandwidth

Back Click Back to go back to the previous wizard screen.

Apply Click Apply to save your changes to the ZyXEL Device.

Exit Click Exit to close the wizard screen without saving your changes.

application.

priority for traffic that matches that service.
A service with High priority is given as much bandwidth as it needs.
If you select services as having the same priority, then bandwidth is divided equally

amongst those services.
Services not specified in bandwidth management are allocated bandwidth after all

specified services receive their bandwidth requirements.
If the rules set up in this wizard are changed in Advanced > Bandwidth MGMT >

Rule Setup, then the service priority radio button will be set to User Configured.
The Advanced > Bandwidth MGMT > Rule Setup screen allows you to edit these

rule configurations.

Select Auto classifier rest bandwidth to automatically allocate unbudgeted or
unused bandwidth to services based on the packet type.

72 Chapter 4 Bandwidth Management Wizard

P-660HW-T v2 User’s Guide

5 Follow the on-screen instructions and click Finish to complete the wizard setup and save

your configuration.

Figure 37 Bandwidth Management Wizard: Complete

Chapter 4 Bandwidth Management Wizard 73

P-660HW-T v2 User’s Guide

74 Chapter 4 Bandwidth Management Wizard

This chapter describes how to configure WAN settings.

5.1 WAN Overview

A WAN (Wide Area Network) is an outside connection to another network or the Internet.

5.1.1 Encapsulation

Be sure to use the encapsulation method required by your ISP. The ZyXEL Device supports
the following methods.

P-660HW-T v2 User’s Guide

CHAPTER 5

WAN Setup

5.1.1.1 ENET ENCAP

The MAC Encapsulated Routing Link Protocol (ENET ENCAP) is only implemented with the
IP network protocol. IP packets are routed between the Ethernet interface and the WAN
interface and then formatted so that they can be understood in a bridged environment. For
instance, it encapsulates routed Ethernet frames into bridged ATM cells. ENET ENCAP
requires that you specify a gateway IP address in the ENET ENCAP Gateway field in the
second wizard screen. You can get this information from your ISP.

5.1.1.2 PPP over Ethernet

PPPoE (Point-to-Point Protocol over Ethernet) provides access control and billing
functionality in a manner similar to dial-up services using PPP. PPPoE is an IETF standard
(RFC 2516) specifying how a personal computer (PC) interacts with a broadband modem
(DSL, cable, wireless, etc.) connection.

For the service provider, PPPoE offers an access and authentication method that works with
existing access control systems (for example RADIUS).

One of the benefits of PPPoE is the ability to let you access one of multiple network services,
a function known as dynamic service selection. This enables the service provider to easily
create and offer new IP services for individuals.

Operationally, PPPoE saves significant effort for both you and the ISP or carrier, as it requires
no specific configuration of the broadband modem at the customer site.

Chapter 5 WAN Setup 75

P-660HW-T v2 User’s Guide

By implementing PPPoE directly on the ZyXEL Device (rather than individual computers),
the computers on the LAN do not need PPPoE software installed, since the ZyXEL Device
does that part of the task. Furthermore, with NAT, all of the LANs’ computers will have
access.

5.1.1.3 PPPoA

PPPoA stands for Point to Point Protocol over ATM Adaptation Layer 5 (AAL5). A PPPoA
connection functions like a dial-up Internet connection. The ZyXEL Device encapsulates the
PPP session based on RFC1483 and sends it through an ATM PVC (Permanent Virtual
Circuit) to the Internet Service Provider’s (ISP) DSLAM (digital access multiplexer). Please
refer to RFC 2364 for more information on PPPoA. Refer to RFC 1661 for more information
on PPP.

5.1.1.4 RFC 1483

RFC 1483 describes two methods for Multiprotocol Encapsulation over ATM Adaptation
Layer 5 (AAL5). The first method allows multiplexing of multiple protocols over a single
ATM virtual circuit (LLC-based multiplexing) and the second method assumes that each
protocol is carried over a separate ATM virtual circuit (VC-based multiplexing). Please refer
to the RFC for more detailed information.

5.1.2 Multiplexing

There are two conventions to identify what protocols the virtual circuit (VC) is carrying. Be
sure to use the multiplexing method required by your ISP.

5.1.2.1 VC-based Multiplexing

In this case, by prior mutual agreement, each protocol is assigned to a specific virtual circuit;
for example, VC1 carries IP, etc. VC-based multiplexing may be dominant in environments
where dynamic creation of large numbers of ATM VCs is fast and economical.

5.1.2.2 LLC-based Multiplexing

In this case one VC carries multiple protocols with protocol identifying information being
contained in each packet header. Despite the extra bandwidth and processing overhead, this
method may be advantageous if it is not practical to have a separate VC for each carried
protocol, for example, if charging heavily depends on the number of simultaneous VCs.

5.1.3 Encapsulation and Multiplexing Scenarios

For Internet access you should use the encapsulation and multiplexing methods used by your
ISP. Consult your telephone company for information on encapsulation and multiplexing
methods for LAN-to-LAN applications, for example between a branch office and corporate
headquarters. There must be prior agreement on encapsulation and multiplexing methods

76 Chapter 5 WAN Setup

because they cannot be automatically determined. What method(s) you use also depends on
how many VCs you have and how many different network protocols you need. The extra
overhead that ENET ENCAP encapsulation entails makes it a poor choice in a LAN-to-LAN
application. Here are some examples of more suitable combinations in such an application.

5.1.3.1 Scenario 1: One VC, Multiple Protocols

PPPoA (RFC-2364) encapsulation with VC-based multiplexing is the best combination
because no extra protocol identifying headers are needed. The PPP protocol already contains
this information.

5.1.3.2 Scenario 2: One VC, One Protocol (IP)

Selecting RFC-1483 encapsulation with VC-based multiplexing requires the least amount of
overhead (0 octets). However, if there is a potential need for multiple protocol support in the
future, it may be safer to select PPPoA encapsulation instead of RFC-1483, so you do not
need to reconfigure either computer later.

5.1.3.3 Scenario 3: Multiple VCs

P-660HW-T v2 User’s Guide

If you have an equal number (or more) of VCs than the number of protocols, then select RFC­1483 encapsulation and VC-based multiplexing.

5.1.4 VPI and VCI

Be sure to use the correct Virtual Path Identifier (VPI) and Virtual Channel Identifier (VCI)
numbers assigned to you. The valid range for the VPI is 0 to 255 and for the VCI is 32 to
65535 (0 to 31 is reserved for local management of ATM traffic). Please see the appendix for
more information.

5.1.5 IP Address Assignment

A static IP is a fixed IP that your ISP gives you. A dynamic IP is not fixed; the ISP assigns you
a different one each time. The Single User Account feature can be enabled or disabled if you
have either a dynamic or static IP. However the encapsulation method assigned influences
your choices for IP address and ENET ENCAP gateway.

5.1.5.1 IP Assignment with PPPoA or PPPoE Encapsulation

If you have a dynamic IP, then the IP Address and ENET ENCAP Gateway fields are not
applicable (N/A). If you have a static IP, then you only need to fill in the IP Address field and
not the ENET ENCAP Gateway field.

5.1.5.2 IP Assignment with RFC 1483 Encapsulation

In this case the IP Address Assignment must be static with the same requirements for the IP
Address and ENET ENCAP Gateway fields as stated above.

Chapter 5 WAN Setup 77

P-660HW-T v2 User’s Guide

5.1.5.3 IP Assignment with ENET ENCAP Encapsulation

In this case you can have either a static or dynamic IP. For a static IP you must fill in all the IP
Address and ENET ENCAP Gateway fields as supplied by your ISP. However for a
dynamic IP, the ZyXEL Device acts as a DHCP client on the WAN port and so the IP
Address and ENET ENCAP Gateway fields are not applicable (N/A) as the DHCP server

assigns them to the ZyXEL Device.

5.1.6 Nailed-Up Connection (PPP)

A nailed-up connection is a dial-up line where the connection is always up regardless of traffic
demand. The ZyXEL Device does two things when you specify a nailed-up connection. The
first is that idle timeout is disabled. The second is that the ZyXEL Device will try to bring up
the connection when turned on and whenever the connection is down. A nailed-up connection
can be very expensive for obvious reasons.

Do not specify a nailed-up connection unless your telephone company offers flat-rate service
or you need a constant connection and the cost is of no concern

5.1.7 NAT

NAT (Network Address Translation - NAT, RFC 1631) is the translation of the IP address of a
host in a packet, for example, the source address of an outgoing packet, used within one
network to a different IP address known within another network.

5.2 Metric

The metric represents the "cost of transmission". A router determines the best route for
transmission by choosing a path with the lowest "cost". RIP routing uses hop count as the
measurement of cost, with a minimum of "1" for directly connected networks. The number
must be between "1" and "15"; a number greater than "15" means the link is down. The
smaller the number, the lower the "cost".

The metric sets the priority for the ZyXEL Device’s routes to the Internet. If any two of the
default routes have the same metric, the ZyXEL Device uses the following pre-defined
priorities:

• Normal route: designated by the ISP (see Section 5.5 on page 81)

• Traffic-redirect route (see Section 5.7 on page 89)

• WAN-backup route, also called dial-backup (see Section 5.8 on page 90)

For example, if the normal route has a metric of "1" and the traffic-redirect route has a metric
of "2" and dial-backup route has a metric of "3", then the normal route acts as the primary
default route. If the normal route fails to connect to the Internet, the ZyXEL Device tries the
traffic-redirect route next. In the same manner, the ZyXEL Device uses the dial-backup route
if the traffic-redirect route also fails.

78 Chapter 5 WAN Setup

If you want the dial-backup route to take first priority over the traffic-redirect route or even the
normal route, all you need to do is set the dial-backup route’s metric to "1" and the others to
"2" (or greater).

IP Policy Routing overrides the default routing behavior and takes priority over all of the
routes mentioned above.

5.3 Traffic Shaping

Traffic Shaping is an agreement between the carrier and the subscriber to regulate the average
rate and fluctuations of data transmission over an ATM network. This agreement helps
eliminate congestion, which is important for transmission of real time data such as audio and
video connections.

Peak Cell Rate (PCR) is the maximum rate at which the sender can send cells. This parameter
may be lower (but not higher) than the maximum line speed. 1 ATM cell is 53 bytes (424 bits),
so a maximum speed of 832Kbps gives a maximum PCR of 1962 cells/sec. This rate is not
guaranteed because it is dependent on the line speed.

P-660HW-T v2 User’s Guide

Sustained Cell Rate (SCR) is the mean cell rate of each bursty traffic source. It specifies the
maximum average rate at which cells can be sent over the virtual connection. SCR may not be
greater than the PCR.

Maximum Burst Size (MBS) is the maximum number of cells that can be sent at the PCR.
After MBS is reached, cell rates fall below SCR until cell rate averages to the SCR again. At
this time, more cells (up to the MBS) can be sent at the PCR again.

If the PCR, SCR or MBS is set to the default of "0", the system will assign a maximum value
that correlates to your upstream line rate.

The following figure illustrates the relationship between PCR, SCR and MBS.

Figure 38 Example of Traffic Shaping

Chapter 5 WAN Setup 79

P-660HW-T v2 User’s Guide

5.3.1 ATM Traffic Classes

These are the basic ATM traffic classes defined by the ATM Forum Traffic Management 4.0
Specification.

5.3.1.1 Constant Bit Rate (CBR)

Constant Bit Rate (CBR) provides fixed bandwidth that is always available even if no data is
being sent. CBR traffic is generally time-sensitive (doesn't tolerate delay). CBR is used for
connections that continuously require a specific amount of bandwidth. A PCR is specified and
if traffic exceeds this rate, cells may be dropped. Examples of connections that need CBR
would be high-resolution video and voice.

5.3.1.2 Variable Bit Rate (VBR)

The Variable Bit Rate (VBR) ATM traffic class is used with bursty connections. Connections
that use the Variable Bit Rate (VBR) traffic class can be grouped into real time (VBR-RT) or
non-real time (VBR-nRT) connections.

The VBR-RT (real-time Variable Bit Rate) type is used with bursty connections that require
closely controlled delay and delay variation. It also provides a fixed amount of bandwidth (a
PCR is specified) but is only available when data is being sent. An example of an VBR-RT
connection would be video conferencing. Video conferencing requires real-time data transfers
and the bandwidth requirement varies in proportion to the video image's changing dynamics.

The VBR-nRT (non real-time Variable Bit Rate) type is used with bursty connections that do
not require closely controlled delay and delay variation. It is commonly used for "bursty"
traffic typical on LANs. PCR and MBS define the burst levels, SCR defines the minimum
level. An example of an VBR-nRT connection would be non-time sensitive data file transfers.

5.3.1.3 Unspecified Bit Rate (UBR)

The Unspecified Bit Rate (UBR) ATM traffic class is for bursty data transfers. However, UBR
doesn't guarantee any bandwidth and only delivers traffic when the network has spare
bandwidth. An example application is background file transfer.

5.4 Zero Configuration Internet Access

Once you turn on and connect the ZyXEL Device to a telephone jack, it automatically detects
the Internet connection settings (such as the VCI/VPI numbers and the encapsulation method)
from the ISP and makes the necessary configuration changes. In cases where additional
account information (such as an Internet account user name and password) is required or the
ZyXEL Device cannot connect to the ISP, you will be redirected to web screen(s) for
information input or troubleshooting.

Zero configuration for Internet access is disable when

80 Chapter 5 WAN Setup

• the ZyXEL Device is in bridge mode

• you set the ZyXEL Device to use a static (fixed) WAN IP address.

5.5 Internet Connection

To change your ZyXEL Device’s WAN Internet access settings, click Network > WAN. The
screen differs by the encapsulation.

See Section 5.1 on page 75 for more information.

Figure 39 Internet Connection (PPPoE)

P-660HW-T v2 User’s Guide

The following table describes the labels in this screen.

Table 20 Internet Connection

LABEL DESCRIPTION

General

Name Enter the name of your Internet Service Provider, e.g., MyISP. This information is

Mode Select Routing (default) from the drop-down list box if your ISP allows multiple

Chapter 5 WAN Setup 81

for identification purposes only.

computers to share an Internet account. Otherwise select Bridge.

P-660HW-T v2 User’s Guide

Table 20 Internet Connection (continued)

LABEL DESCRIPTION

Encapsulation Select the method of encapsulation used by your ISP from the drop-down list

User Name (PPPoA and PPPoE encapsulation only) Enter the user name exactly as your

Password (PPPoA and PPPoE encapsulation only) Enter the password associated with the

Service Name (PPPoE only) Type the name of your PPPoE service here.

Multiplexing Select the method of multiplexing used by your ISP from the drop-down list.

Virtual Circuit ID VPI (Virtual Path Identifier) and VCI (Virtual Channel Identifier) define a virtual

VPI The valid range for the VPI is 0 to 255. Enter the VPI assigned to you.

VCI The valid range for the VCI is 32 to 65535 (0 to 31 is reserved for local

IP Address This option is available if you select Routing in the Mode field.

Subnet Mask
(ENET ENCAP

encapsulation only)

Gateway IP address
(ENET ENCAP

encapsulation only)

Connection
(PPPoA and PPPoE

encapsulation only)

Nailed-Up
Connection

Connect on Demand Select Connect on Demand when you don't want the connection up all the time

Max Idle Timeout Specify an idle time-out in the Max Idle Timeout field when you select Connect

Apply Click Apply to save the changes.

box. Choices vary depending on the mode you select in the Mode field.
If you select Bridge in the Mode field, select either PPPoA or RFC 1483.
If you select Routing in the Mode field, select PPPoA, RFC 1483, ENET

ENCAP or PPPoE.

ISP assigned. If assigned a name in the form user@domain where domain
identifies a service name, then enter both components exactly as given.

user name above.

Choices are VC or LLC.

circuit. Refer to the appendix for more information.

management of ATM traffic). Enter the VCI assigned to you.

A static IP address is a fixed IP that your ISP gives you. A dynamic IP address is
not fixed; the ISP assigns you a different one each time you connect to the
Internet.

If you use the encapsulation type except RFC 1483, select Obtain an IP

Address Automatically when you have a dynamic IP address; otherwise select
Static IP Address and type your ISP assigned IP address in the IP Address

field below.
If you use RFC 1483, enter the IP address given by your ISP in the IP Address

field.

Enter a subnet mask in dotted decimal notation.
Refer to the appendices to calculate a subnet mask If you are implementing

subnetting.

You must specify a gateway IP address (supplied by your ISP) when you select
ENET ENCAP in the Encapsulation field

Select Nailed-Up Connection when you want your connection up all the time.
The ZyXEL Device will try to bring up the connection automatically if it is
disconnected.

and specify an idle time-out in the Max Idle Timeout field.

on Demand. The default setting is 0, which means the Internet session will not
timeout.

82 Chapter 5 WAN Setup

P-660HW-T v2 User’s Guide

Table 20 Internet Connection (continued)

LABEL DESCRIPTION

Cancel Click Cancel to begin configuring this screen afresh.

Advanced Setup Click this button to display the Advanced Internet Connection Setup screen

and edit more details of your WAN setup.

5.5.1 Configuring Advanced Internet Connection Setup

To edit your ZyXEL Device's advanced WAN settings, click the Advanced Setup button in
the Internet Connection screen. The screen appears as shown.

Figure 40 Advanced Internet Connection Setup

The following table describes the labels in this screen.

Table 21 Advanced Internet Connection Setup

LABEL DESCRIPTION

RIP & Multicast
Setup

RIP Direction Select the RIP direction from None, Both, In Only and Out Only.

RIP Version Select the RIP version from RIP-1, RIP-2B and RIP-2M.

Multicast IGMP (Internet Group Multicast Protocol) is a network-layer protocol used to

ATM QoS

Chapter 5 WAN Setup 83

establish membership in a multicast group. The ZyXEL Device supports both IGMP
version 1 (IGMP-v1) and IGMP-v2. Select None to disable it.

P-660HW-T v2 User’s Guide

Table 21 Advanced Internet Connection Setup (continued)

LABEL DESCRIPTION

ATM QoS Type Select CBR (Continuous Bit Rate) to specify fixed (always-on) bandwidth for voice

Peak Cell Rate Divide the DSL line rate (bps) by 424 (the size of an ATM cell) to find the Peak Cell

Sustain Cell Rate The Sustain Cell Rate (SCR) sets the average cell rate (long-term) that can be

Maximum Burst
Size

Zero
Configuration

PPPoE
Passthrough

Back Click Back to return to the previous screen.

Apply Click Apply to save the changes.

Cancel Click Cancel to begin configuring this screen afresh.

or data traffic. Select UBR (Unspecified Bit Rate) for applications that are non-time
sensitive, such as e-mail. Select VBR-nRT (Variable Bit Rate-non Real Time) or
VBR-RT (Variable Bit Rate-Real Time) for bursty traffic and bandwidth sharing with
other applications.

Rate (PCR). This is the maximum rate at which the sender can send cells. Type the
PCR here.

transmitted. Type the SCR, which must be less than the PCR. Note that system
default is 0 cells/sec.

Maximum Burst Size (MBS) refers to the maximum number of cells that can be sent
at the peak rate. Type the MBS, which is less than 65535.

This feature is not applicable/available when you configure the ZyXEL Device to
use a static WAN IP address or in bridge mode.

Select Yes to set the ZyXEL Device to automatically detect the Internet connection
settings (such as the VCI/VPI numbers and the encapsulation method) from the ISP
and make the necessary configuration changes.

Select No to disable this feature. You must manually configure the ZyXEL Device
for Internet access.

This feature is available when you select PPPoE encapsulation.
In addition to the ZyXEL Device's built-in PPPoE client, you can enable PPPoE

pass through to allow up to ten hosts on the LAN to use PPPoE client software on
their computers to connect to the ISP via the ZyXEL Device. Each host can have a
separate account and a public WAN IP address.

PPPoE pass through is an alternative to NAT for application where NAT is not
appropriate.

Disable PPPoE pass through if you do not need to allow hosts on the LAN to use
PPPoE client software on their computers to connect to the ISP.

5.6 Configuring More Connections

This section describes the protocol-independent parameters for a remote network. They are
required for placing calls to a remote gateway and the network behind it across a WAN
connection. When you use the WAN > Internet Connection screen to set up Internet access,
you are configuring the first WAN connection.

Click Network > WAN > More Connections to display the screen as shown next.

84 Chapter 5 WAN Setup

Figure 41 More Connections

The following table describes the labels in this screen.

Table 22 More Connections

P-660HW-T v2 User’s Guide

LABEL DESCRIPTION

# This is the index number of a connection.

Active This display whether this connection is activated. Clear the check box to disable

the connection. Select the check box to enable it.

Name This is the descriptive name for this connection.

VPI/VCI This is the VPI and VCI values used for this connection.

Encapsulation This is the method of encapsulation used for this connection.

Modify The first (ISP) connection is read-only in this screen. Use the WAN > Internet

Connection screen to edit it.
Click the edit icon to go to the screen where you can edit the connection.
Click the delete icon to remove an existing connection. You cannot remove the

first connection.

Apply Click Apply to save the changes.

Cancel Click Cancel to begin configuring this screen afresh.

5.6.1 More Connections Edit

Click the edit icon in the More Connections screen to configure a connection.

Chapter 5 WAN Setup 85

P-660HW-T v2 User’s Guide

Figure 42 More Connections Edit

The following table describes the labels in this screen.

Table 23 More Connections Edit

LABEL DESCRIPTION

Active Select the check box to activate or clear the check box to deactivate this

connection.

Name Enter a unique, descriptive name of up to 13 ASCII characters for this

connection.

Mode Select Routing from the drop-down list box if your ISP allows multiple computers

Encapsulation Select the method of encapsulation used by your ISP from the drop-down list

86 Chapter 5 WAN Setup

to share an Internet account.
If you select Bridge, the ZyXEL Device will forward any packet that it does not

route to this remote node; otherwise, the packets are discarded.

box. Choices are PPPoA, RFC 1483, ENET ENCAP or PPPoE.

P-660HW-T v2 User’s Guide

Table 23 More Connections Edit (continued)

LABEL DESCRIPTION

User Name (PPPoA and PPPoE encapsulation only) Enter the user name exactly as your

ISP assigned. If assigned a name in the form user@domain where domain
identifies a service name, then enter both components exactly as given.

Password (PPPoA and PPPoE encapsulation only) Enter the password associated with the

user name above.

Service Name (PPPoE only) Type the name of your PPPoE service here.

Multiplexing Select the method of multiplexing used by your ISP from the drop-down list.

Choices are VC or LLC.
By prior agreement, a protocol is assigned a specific virtual circuit, for example,

VC1 will carry IP. If you select VC, specify separate VPI and VCI numbers for
each protocol.

For LLC-based multiplexing or PPP encapsulation, one VC carries multiple
protocols with protocol identifying information being contained in each packet
header. In this case, only one set of VPI and VCI numbers need be specified for
all protocols.

VPI The valid range for the VPI is 0 to 255. Enter the VPI assigned to you.

VCI The valid range for the VCI is 32 to 65535 (0 to 31 is reserved for local

management of ATM traffic). Enter the VCI assigned to you.

IP Address This option is available if you select Routing in the Mode field.

A static IP address is a fixed IP that your ISP gives you. A dynamic IP address is
not fixed; the ISP assigns you a different one each time you connect to the
Internet.

If you use the encapsulation type except RFC 1483, select Obtain an IP

Address Automatically when you have a dynamic IP address; otherwise select
Static IP Address and type your ISP assigned IP address in the IP Address

field below.
If you use RFC 1483, enter the IP address given by your ISP in the IP Address

field.

Subnet Mask Enter a subnet mask in dotted decimal notation.

Refer to the appendices to calculate a subnet mask If you are implementing
subnetting.

Gateway IP address Specify a gateway IP address (supplied by your ISP).

Connection

Nailed-Up
Connection

Connect on Demand Select Connect on Demand when you don't want the connection up all the time

Max Idle Timeout Specify an idle time-out in the Max Idle Timeout field when you select Connect

NAT SUA only is available only when you select Routing in the Mode field.

Back Click Back to return to the previous screen.

Apply Click Apply to save the changes.

Select Nailed-Up Connection when you want your connection up all the time.
The ZyXEL Device will try to bring up the connection automatically if it is
disconnected.

and specify an idle time-out in the Max Idle Timeout field.

on Demand. The default setting is 0, which means the Internet session will not
timeout.

Select SUA Only if you have one public IP address and want to use NAT. Click
Edit to go to the Port Forwarding screen to edit a server mapping set.

Otherwise, select None to disable NAT.

Chapter 5 WAN Setup 87

P-660HW-T v2 User’s Guide

Table 23 More Connections Edit (continued)

LABEL DESCRIPTION

Cancel Click Cancel to begin configuring this screen afresh.

Advanced Setup Click this button to display the More Connections Advanced screen and edit

more details of your WAN setup.

5.6.2 Configuring More Connections Advanced Setup

To edit your ZyXEL Device's advanced WAN settings, click the Advanced Setup button in
the More Connections Edit screen. The screen appears as shown.

Figure 43 More Connections Advanced Setup

The following table describes the labels in this screen.

Table 24 More Connections Advanced Setup

LABEL DESCRIPTION

RIP & Multicast
Setup

RIP Direction Select the RIP direction from None, Both, In Only and Out Only.

RIP Version Select the RIP version from RIP-1, RIP-2B and RIP-2M.

Multicast IGMP (Internet Group Multicast Protocol) is a network-layer protocol used to

establish membership in a multicast group. The ZyXEL Device supports both IGMP
version 1 (IGMP-v1) and IGMP-v2. Select None to disable it.

ATM QoS

ATM QoS Type Select CBR (Continuous Bit Rate) to specify fixed (always-on) bandwidth for voice

or data traffic. Select UBR (Unspecified Bit Rate) for applications that are non-time
sensitive, such as e-mail. Select VBR-nRT (Variable Bit Rate-non Real Time) or
VBR-RT (Variable Bit Rate-Real Time) for bursty traffic and bandwidth sharing with
other applications.

88 Chapter 5 WAN Setup

Table 24 More Connections Advanced Setup (continued)

LABEL DESCRIPTION

Peak Cell Rate Divide the DSL line rate (bps) by 424 (the size of an ATM cell) to find the Peak Cell

Rate (PCR). This is the maximum rate at which the sender can send cells. Type the
PCR here.

Sustain Cell Rate The Sustain Cell Rate (SCR) sets the average cell rate (long-term) that can be

transmitted. Type the SCR, which must be less than the PCR. Note that system
default is 0 cells/sec.

Maximum Burst
Size

Back Click Back to return to the previous screen.

Apply Click Apply to save the changes.

Cancel Click Cancel to begin configuring this screen afresh.

Maximum Burst Size (MBS) refers to the maximum number of cells that can be sent
at the peak rate. Type the MBS, which is less than 65535.

5.7 Traffic Redirect

Traffic redirect forwards traffic to a backup gateway when the ZyXEL Device cannot connect
to the Internet. An example is shown in the figure below.

P-660HW-T v2 User’s Guide

Figure 44 Traffic Redirect Example

The following network topology allows you to avoid triangle route security issues when the
backup gateway is connected to the LAN. Use IP alias to configure the LAN into two or three
logical networks with the ZyXEL Device itself as the gateway for each LAN network. Put the
protected LAN in one subnet (Subnet 1 in the following figure) and the backup gateway in
another subnet (Subnet 2). Configure filters that allow packets from the protected LAN
(Subnet 1) to the backup gateway (Subnet 2).

Chapter 5 WAN Setup 89

P-660HW-T v2 User’s Guide

Figure 45 Traffic Redirect LAN Setup

5.8 Configuring WAN Backup

To change your ZyXEL Device’s WAN backup settings, click Network > WAN > WAN
Backup Setup. The screen appears as shown.

Figure 46 WAN Backup Setup

90 Chapter 5 WAN Setup

P-660HW-T v2 User’s Guide

The following table describes the labels in this screen.

Table 25 WAN Backup Setup

LABEL DESCRIPTION

Backup Type Select the method that the ZyXEL Device uses to check the DSL connection.

Select DSL Link to have the ZyXEL Device check if the connection to the DSLAM is
up. Select ICMP to have the ZyXEL Device periodically ping the IP addresses
configured in the Check WAN IP Address fields.

Check WAN IP
Address1-3

Configure this field to test your ZyXEL Device's WAN accessibility. Type the IP
address of a reliable nearby computer (for example, your ISP's DNS server
address).

Note: If you activate either traffic redirect or dial backup, you must

configure at least one IP address here.

When using a WAN backup connection, the ZyXEL Device periodically pings the
addresses configured here and uses the other WAN backup connection (if
configured) if there is no response.

Fail Tolerance Type the number of times (2 recommended) that your ZyXEL Device may ping the

IP addresses configured in the Check WAN IP Address field without getting a
response before switching to a WAN backup connection (or a different WAN
backup connection).

Recovery Interval When the ZyXEL Device is using a lower priority connection (usually a WAN backup

Timeout Type the number of seconds (3 recommended) for your ZyXEL Device to wait for a

Traffic Redirect Traffic redirect forwards traffic to a backup gateway when the ZyXEL Device cannot

Active Traffic
Redirect

connection), it periodically checks to whether or not it can use a higher priority
connection.

Type the number of seconds (30 recommended) for the ZyXEL Device to wait
between checks. Allow more time if your destination IP address handles lots of
traffic.

ping response from one of the IP addresses in the Check WAN IP Address field
before timing out the request. The WAN connection is considered "down" after the
ZyXEL Device times out the number of times specified in the Fail Tolerance field.
Use a higher value in this field if your network is busy or congested.

connect to the Internet.

Select this check box to have the ZyXEL Device use traffic redirect if the normal
WAN connection goes down.

Note: If you activate traffic redirect, you must configure at least one

Check WAN IP Address.

Metric This field sets this route's priority among the routes the ZyXEL Device uses.

The metric represents the "cost of transmission". A router determines the best route
for transmission by choosing a path with the lowest "cost". RIP routing uses hop
count as the measurement of cost, with a minimum of "1" for directly connected
networks. The number must be between "1" and "15"; a number greater than "15"
means the link is down. The smaller the number, the lower the "cost".

Backup Gateway Type the IP address of your backup gateway in dotted decimal notation. The ZyXEL

Device automatically forwards traffic to this IP address if the ZyXEL Device's
Internet connection terminates.

Apply Click Apply to save the changes.

Cancel Click Cancel to begin configuring this screen afresh.

Chapter 5 WAN Setup 91

P-660HW-T v2 User’s Guide

92 Chapter 5 WAN Setup

This chapter discusses how to configure the wireless network settings in your ZyXEL Device.
See the appendices for more detailed information about wireless networks.

6.1 Wireless Network Overview

The following figure provides an example of a wireless network.

Figure 47 Example of a Wireless Network

P-660HW-T v2 User’s Guide

CHAPTER 6

Wireless LAN

The wireless network is the part in the blue circle. In this wireless network, devices A and B
are called wireless clients. The wireless clients use the access point (AP) to interact with other
devices (such as the printer) or with the Internet. Your ZyXEL Device is the AP.

Every wireless network must follow these basic guidelines.

• Every wireless client in the same wireless network must use the same SSID.

The SSID is the name of the wireless network. It stands for Service Set IDentity.

• If two wireless networks overlap, they should use different channels.

Like radio stations or television channels, each wireless network uses a specific channel,
or frequency, to send and receive information.

Chapter 6 Wireless LAN 93

P-660HW-T v2 User’s Guide

• Every wireless client in the same wireless network must use security compatible with the
AP.

Security stops unauthorized devices from using the wireless network. It can also protect
the information that is sent in the wireless network.

6.2 Wireless Security Overview

The following sections introduce different types of wireless security you can set up in the
wireless network.

6.2.1 SSID

Normally, the AP acts like a beacon and regularly broadcasts the SSID in the area. You can
hide the SSID instead, in which case the AP does not broadcast the SSID. In addition, you
should change the default SSID to something that is difficult to guess.

This type of security is fairly weak, however, because there are ways for unauthorized devices
to get the SSID. In addition, unauthorized devices can still see the information that is sent in
the wireless network.

6.2.2 MAC Address Filter

Every wireless client has a unique identification number, called a MAC address.1 A MAC
address is usually written using twelve hexadecimal characters
or 00:A0:C5:00:00:02. To get the MAC address for each wireless client, see the appropriate
User’s Guide or other documentation.

You can use the MAC address filter to tell the AP which wireless clients are allowed or not
allowed to use the wireless network. If a wireless client is allowed to use the wireless network,
it still has to have the correct settings (SSID, channel, and security). If a wireless client is not
allowed to use the wireless network, it does not matter if it has the correct settings.

This type of security does not protect the information that is sent in the wireless network.
Furthermore, there are ways for unauthorized devices to get the MAC address of an authorized
wireless client. Then, they can use that MAC address to use the wireless network.

2

; for example, 00A0C5000002

1. Some wireless devices, such as scanners, can detect wireless networks but cannot use wireless
networks. These kinds of wireless devices might not have MAC addresses.

2. Hexadecimal characters are 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, A, B, C, D, E, and F.

94 Chapter 6 Wireless LAN

6.2.3 User Authentication

Authentication is the process of verifying whether a wireless device is allowed to use the
wireless network. You can make every user log in to the wireless network before they can use
it. This is called user authentication. However, every wireless client in the wireless network
has to support IEEE 802.1x to do this.

For wireless networks, there are two typical places to store the user names and passwords for
each user.

• In the AP: this feature is called a local user database or a local database.

• In a RADIUS server: this is a server used in businesses more than in homes.

If your AP does not provide a local user database and if you do not have a RADIUS server,
you cannot set up user names and passwords for your users.

Unauthorized devices can still see the information that is sent in the wireless network, even if
they cannot use the wireless network. Furthermore, there are ways for unauthorized wireless
users to get a valid user name and password. Then, they can use that user name and password
to use the wireless network.

P-660HW-T v2 User’s Guide

Local user databases also have an additional limitation that is explained in the next section.

6.2.4 Encryption

Wireless networks can use encryption to protect the information that is sent in the wireless
network. Encryption is like a secret code. If you do not know the secret code, you cannot
understand the message.

The types of encryption you can choose depend on the type of user authentication. (See

Section 6.2.3 on page 95 for information about this.)

Table 26 Types of Encryption for Each Type of Authentication

Weakest No Security

Strongest WPA2-PSK WPA2

For example, if the wireless network has a RADIUS server, you can choose WPA or WPA2.
If users do not log in to the wireless network, you can choose no encryption, Static WEP,
WPA-PSK, or WPA2-PSK.

No Authentication RADIUS Server

Static WEP

WPA-PSK

WPA

Chapter 6 Wireless LAN 95

P-660HW-T v2 User’s Guide

Usually, you should set up the strongest encryption that every wireless client in the wireless
network supports. For example, suppose the AP does not have a local user database, and you
do not have a RADIUS server. Therefore, there is no user authentication. Suppose the wireless
network has two wireless clients. Device A only supports WEP, and device B supports WEP
and WPA. Therefore, you should set up Static WEP in the wireless network.

Note: It is recommended that wireless networks use WPA-PSK, WPA, or stronger

encryption. IEEE 802.1x and WEP encryption are better than none at all, but it
is still possible for unauthorized devices to figure out the original information
pretty quickly.

It is not possible to use WPA-PSK, WPA or stronger encryption with a local
user database. In this case, it is better to set up stronger encryption with no
authentication than to set up weaker encryption with the local user database.

When you select WPA2 or WPA2-PSK in your ZyXEL Device, you can also select an option
(WPA compatible) to support WPA as well. In this case, if some wireless clients support
WPA and some support WPA2, you should set up WPA2-PSK or WPA2 (depending on the
type of wireless network login) and select the WPA compatible option in the ZyXEL Device.

Many types of encryption use a key to protect the information in the wireless network. The
longer the key, the stronger the encryption. Every wireless client in the wireless network must
have the same key.

6.2.5 One-Touch Intelligent Security Technology (OTIST)

With ZyXEL’s OTIST, you set up the SSID and WPA-PSK on the ZyXEL Device. Then, the
ZyXEL Device transfers them to the devices in the wireless networks. As a result, you do not
have to set up the SSID and encryption on every device in the wireless network.

The devices in the wireless network have to support OTIST, and they have to be in range of
the ZyXEL Device when you activate it. See Section 6.5 on page 105 for more details.

6.3 Wireless Performance Overview

The following sections introduce different ways to improve the performance of the wireless
network.

6.4 General Wireless LAN Screen

Note: If you are configuring the ZyXEL Device from a computer connected to the

wireless LAN and you change the ZyXEL Device’s SSID or WEP settings, you
will lose your wireless connection when you press Apply to confirm. You must
then change the wireless settings of your computer to match the ZyXEL
Device’s new settings.

96 Chapter 6 Wireless LAN

P-660HW-T v2 User’s Guide

Click Network > Wireless LAN to open the General screen.

Figure 48 Wireless LAN: General

The following table describes the general wireless LAN labels in this screen.

Table 27 Wireless LAN: General

LABEL DESCRIPTION

Active Wireless
LAN

Network Name
(SSID)

Click the check box to activate wireless LAN.

(Service Set IDentity) The SSID identifies the Service Set with which a wireless client
is associated. Wireless clients associating to the access point (AP) must have the
same SSID. Enter a descriptive name (up to 32 printable 7-bit ASCII characters) for
the wireless LAN.

Note: If you are configuring the ZyXEL Device from a computer

connected to the wireless LAN and you change the ZyXEL
Device’s SSID or WEP settings, you will lose your wireless
connection when you press Apply to confirm. You must then
change the wireless settings of your computer to match the
ZyXEL Device’s new settings.

Hide SSID Select this check box to hide the SSID in the outgoing beacon frame so a station

cannot obtain the SSID through scanning using a site survey tool.

Channel
Selection

Apply Click Apply to save your changes to the ZyXEL Device.

Cancel Click Cancel to reload the previous configuration for this screen.

Advanced
Setup

Set the operating frequency/channel depending on your particular region.
Select a channel from the drop-down list box.

Click Advanced Setup to display the Wireless Advanced Setup screen and edit
more details of your WLAN setup.

See the rest of this chapter for information on the other labels in this screen.

Chapter 6 Wireless LAN 97

P-660HW-T v2 User’s Guide

6.4.1 No Security

Select No Security to allow wireless clients to communicate with the access points without
any data encryption.

Note: If you do not enable any wireless security on your ZyXEL Device, your network

is accessible to any wireless networking device that is within range.

Figure 49 Wireless: No Security

The following table describes the labels in this screen.

Table 28 Wireless No Security

LABEL DESCRIPTION

Security Mode Choose No Security from the drop-down list box.

Apply Click Apply to save your changes to the ZyXEL Device.

Cancel Click Cancel to reload the previous configuration for this screen.

Advanced
Setup

Click Advanced Setup to display the Wireless Advanced Setup screen and edit
more details of your WLAN setup.

6.4.2 WEP Encryption

WEP encryption scrambles the data transmitted between the wireless clients and the access
points to keep network communications private. It encrypts unicast and multicast
communications in a network. Both the wireless clients and the access points must use the
same WEP key.

Your ZyXEL Device allows you to configure up to four 64-bit, 128-bit or 256-bit WEP keys
but only one key can be enabled at any one time.

In order to configure and enable WEP encryption; click Network > Wireless LAN to display
the General screen. Select Static WEP from the Security Mode list.

98 Chapter 6 Wireless LAN

Figure 50 Wireless: Static WEP Encryption

P-660HW-T v2 User’s Guide

The following table describes the wireless LAN security labels in this screen.

Table 29 Wireless: Static WEP Encryption

LABEL DESCRIPTION

Security Mode Choose Static WEP from the drop-down list box.

Passphrase Enter a Passphrase (up to 32 printable characters) and clicking Generate. The ZyXEL

Device automatically generates a WEP key.

WEP Key The WEP keys are used to encrypt data. Both the ZyXEL Device and the wireless

Apply Click Apply to save your changes to the ZyXEL Device.

Cancel Click Cancel to reload the previous configuration for this screen.

Advanced
Setup

clients must use the same WEP key for data transmission.
If you want to manually set the WEP key, enter any 5, 13 or 29 characters (ASCII

string) or 10, 26 or 58 hexadecimal characters ("0-9", "A-F") for a 64-bit, 128-bit or
256-bit WEP key respectively.

Click Advanced Setup to display the Wireless Advanced Setup screen and edit
more details of your WLAN setup.

6.4.3 WPA-PSK/WPA2-PSK

In order to configure and enable WPA(2)-PSK authentication; click Network > Wireless
LAN to display the General screen. Select WPA-PSK or WPA2-PSK from the Security
Mode list.

Chapter 6 Wireless LAN 99

P-660HW-T v2 User’s Guide

Figure 51 Wireless: WPA-PSK/WPA2-PSK

The following table describes the wireless LAN security labels in this screen.

Table 30 Wireless: WPA-PSK/WPA2-PSK

LABEL DESCRIPTION

Security Mode Choose WPA-PSK or WPA2-PSK from the drop-down list box.

WPA Compatible This check box is available only when you select WPA2-PSK or WPA2 in the

Pre-Shared Key The encryption mechanisms used for WPA/WPA2 and WPA-PSK/WPA2-PSK are

ReAuthentication
Timer (In
Seconds)

Security Mode field.
Select the check box to have both WPA2 and WPA wireless clients be able to

communicate with the ZyXEL Device even when the ZyXEL Device is using
WPA2-PSK or WPA2.

the same. The only difference between the two is that WPA-PSK/WPA2-PSK uses
a simple common password, instead of user-specific credentials.

Type a pre-shared key from 8 to 63 case-sensitive ASCII characters (including
spaces and symbols).

Specify how often wireless clients have to resend usernames and passwords in
order to stay connected. Enter a time interval between 10 and 9999 seconds. The
default time interval is 1800 seconds (30 minutes).

Note: If wireless client authentication is done using a RADIUS

server, the reauthentication timer on the RADIUS server has
priority.

100 Chapter 6 Wireless LAN