P-660HWP-Dx
802.11g HomePlug AV ADSL2+ Gateway
User’s Guide
Version 3.40
7/2007
Edition 1
www.zyxel.com
About This User's Guide
About This User's Guide
Intended Audience
This manual is intended for people who want to configure the P-660HWP-Dx using the web
configurator. You should have at least a basic knowledge of TCP/IP networking concepts and
topology.
Related Documentation
• Quick Start Guide
The Quick Start Guide is designed to help you get up and running right away. It contains
information on setting up your network and configuring for Internet access.
• Web Configurator Online Help
Embedded web help for descriptions of individual screens and supplementary
information.
" It is recommended you use the web configurator to configure the P-660HWP-
Dx.
• Supporting Disk
Refer to the included CD for support documents.
• ZyXEL Web Site
• Please refer to www.zyxel.com
certifications.
User Guide Feedback
Help us help you. Send all User Guide-related comments, questions or suggestions for
improvement to the following address, or use e-mail instead. Thank you!
The Technical Writing Team,
ZyXEL Communications Corp.,
6 Innovation Road II,
Science-Based Industrial Park,
Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan.
E-mail: techwriters@zyxel.com.tw
for additional support documentation and product
P-660HWP-Dx User’s Guide
35
Document Conventions
Document Conventions
Warnings and Notes
These are how warnings and notes are shown in this User’s Guide.
1 Warnings tell you about things that could harm you or your device.
" Notes tell you other important information (for example, other things you may
need to configure or helpful tips) or recommendations.
Syntax Conventions
• The P-660HWP-Dx may be referred to as the “P-660HWP-Dx”, the “device” or the
“system” in this User’s Guide.
• Product labels, screen names, field labels and field choices are all in bold font.
• A key stroke is denoted by square brackets and uppercase text, for example, [ENTER]
means the “enter” or “return” key on your keyboard.
• “Enter” means for you to type one or more characters and then press the [ENTER] key.
“Select” or “choose” means for you to use one of the predefined choices.
• A right angle bracket ( > ) within a screen name denotes a mouse click. For example,
Maintenance > Log > Log Setting means you first click Maintenance in the navigation
panel, then the Log sub menu and finally the Log Setting tab to get to that screen.
• Units of measurement may denote the “metric” value or the “scientific” value. For
example, “k” for kilo may denote “1000” or “1024”, “M” for mega may denote “1000000”
or “1048576” and so on.
• “e.g.,” is a shorthand for “for instance”, and “i.e.,” means “that is” or “in other words”.
36
P-660HWP-Dx User’s Guide
Document Conventions
Icons Used in Figures
Figures in this User’s Guide may use the following generic icons. The P-660HWP-Dx icon is
not an exact representation of your device.
P-660HWP-Dx Computer Notebook computer
Server DSLAM Firewall
Telephone Switch Router
P-660HWP-Dx User’s Guide
37
Safety Warnings
Safety Warnings
1 For your safety, be sure to read and follow all warning notices and instructions.
• Do NOT use this product near water, for example, in a wet basement or near a swimming
pool.
• Do NOT expose your device to dampness, dust or corrosive liquids.
• Do NOT store things on the device.
• Do NOT install, use, or service this device during a thunderstorm. There is a remote risk
of electric shock from lightning.
• Connect ONLY suitable accessories to the device.
• Do NOT open the device or unit. Opening or removing covers can expose you to
dangerous high voltage points or other risks. ONLY qualified service personnel should
service or disassemble this device. Please contact your vendor for further information.
• Make sure to connect the cables to the correct ports.
• Place connecting cables carefully so that no one will step on them or stumble over them.
• Always disconnect all cables from this device before servicing or disassembling.
• Use ONLY an appropriate power adaptor or cord for your device.
• Connect the power adaptor or cord to the right supply voltage (for example, 110V AC in
North America or 230V AC in Europe).
• Do NOT allow anything to rest on the power adaptor or cord and do NOT place the
product where anyone can walk on the power adaptor or cord.
• Do NOT use the device if the power adaptor or cord is damaged as it might cause
electrocution.
• If the power adaptor or cord is damaged, remove it from the power outlet.
• Do NOT attempt to repair the power adaptor or cord. Contact your local vendor to order a
new one.
• Do not use the device outside, and make sure all the connections are indoors. There is a
remote risk of electric shock from lightning.
• Do NOT obstruct the device ventilation slots, as insufficient airflow may harm your
device.
• Please use only No. 26 AWG (American Wire Gauge) or larger telecommunication line
cord.
• Antenna Warning! This device meets ETSI and FCC certification requirements when
using the included antenna(s). Only use the included antenna(s).
• If you wall mount your device, make sure that no electrical lines, gas or water pipes will
be damaged.
38
This product is recyclable. Dispose of it properly.
P-660HWP-Dx User’s Guide
Safety Warnings
P-660HWP-Dx User’s Guide
39
Safety Warnings
40
P-660HWP-Dx User’s Guide
Contents Overview
Contents Overview
Introduction ............................................................................................................................ 33
Introducing the P-660HWP-Dx .................................................................................................. 35
Introducing the Web Configurator .............................................................................................. 43
Wizards ................................................................................................................................... 57
Wizard Setup for Internet/Wireless Access ............................................................................... 59
Bandwidth Management Wizard ................................................................................................ 73
Network ................................................................................................................................... 79
WAN Setup ................................................................................................................................ 81
LAN Setup ................................................................................................................................. 99
Wireless LAN ............................................................................................................................111
Powerline ................................................................................................................................. 135
Network Address Translation (NAT) ........................................................................................ 143
Security ................................................................................................................................. 155
Firewalls .................................................................................................................................. 157
Firewall Configuration .............................................................................................................. 169
Content Filtering ...................................................................................................................... 191
Certificates ............................................................................................................................... 195
Advanced .............................................................................................................................. 217
Static Route ............................................................................................................................. 219
Bandwidth Management .......................................................................................................... 223
Dynamic DNS Setup ................................................................................................................ 235
Remote Management Configuration ........................................................................................ 239
Universal Plug-and-Play (UPnP) ............................................................................................. 251
Maintenance and Troubleshooting ..................................................................................... 263
System ..................................................................................................................................... 265
Logs ........................................................................................................................................ 271
Tools ........................................................................................................................................ 289
Diagnostic ................................................................................................................................ 295
Troubleshooting ....................................................................................................................... 297
Appendices and Index ......................................................................................................... 303
P-660HWP-Dx User’s Guide
35
Contents Overview
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P-660HWP-Dx User’s Guide
Table of Contents
Table of Contents
About This User's Guide ..........................................................................................................3
Document Conventions............................................................................................................4
Safety Warnings........................................................................................................................6
Contents Overview ...................................................................................................................9
Table of Contents.................................................................................................................... 11
List of Figures ......................................................................................................................... 21
List of Tables...........................................................................................................................27
Part I: Introduction................................................................................. 33
Chapter 1
Introducing the P-660HWP-Dx...............................................................................................35
1.1 Overview .............................................................................................................................. 35
1.2 Ways to Manage the P-660HWP-Dx ................................................................................... 37
1.3 Good Habits for Managing the P-660HWP-Dx .................................................................... 37
1.4 LEDs .................................................................................................................................... 37
1.5 Hardware Connections ........................................................................................................ 38
1.5.1 Connecting a POTS Splitter ....................................................................................... 39
1.5.2 Telephone Microfilters ................................................................................................ 39
1.5.3 P-660HWP-Dx With ISDN .......................................................................................... 40
Chapter 2
Introducing the Web Configurator ........................................................................................ 43
2.1 Web Configurator Overview ................................................................................................. 43
2.2 Accessing the Web Configurator ......................................................................................... 43
2.2.1 User Access ............................................................................................................... 44
2.2.2 Administrator Access ................................................................................................. 44
2.3 Resetting the P-660HWP-Dx ............................................................................................... 46
2.3.1 Using the Reset Button .............................................................................................. 46
2.4 Navigating the Web Configurator ......................................................................................... 46
2.4.1 Navigation Panel ........................................................................................................ 46
2.4.2 Status Screen ............................................................................................................. 49
2.4.3 Status: Any IP Table ................................................................................................... 51
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Table of Contents
2.4.4 Status: WLAN Status .................................................................................................. 52
2.4.5 Status: Bandwidth Status ........................................................................................... 52
2.4.6 Status: Powerline Statistics ........................................................................................ 53
2.4.7 Status: Packet Statistics ............................................................................................. 53
2.4.8 Changing Login Password ........................................................................................ 55
Part II: Wizards ....................................................................................... 57
Chapter 3
Wizard Setup for Internet/Wireless Access.......................................................................... 59
3.1 Introduction .......................................................................................................................... 59
3.2 Internet/Wireless Access Wizard Setup .............................................................................. 59
3.2.1 Automatic Detection ................................................................................................... 61
3.2.2 Manual Configuration ................................................................................................. 62
3.3 Wireless Connection Wizard Setup ..................................................................................... 67
3.3.1 Manually assign a WPA-PSK key .............................................................................. 70
3.3.2 Manually assign a WEP key ....................................................................................... 70
Chapter 4
Bandwidth Management Wizard............................................................................................ 73
4.1 Introduction .......................................................................................................................... 73
4.2 Predefined Media Bandwidth Management Services .......................................................... 73
4.3 Bandwidth Management Wizard Setup ............................................................................... 74
Part III: Network...................................................................................... 79
Chapter 5
WAN Setup...............................................................................................................................81
5.1 WAN Overview ................................................................................................................... 81
5.1.1 Encapsulation ............................................................................................................. 81
5.1.2 Multiplexing ................................................................................................................ 82
5.1.3 Encapsulation and Multiplexing Scenarios ................................................................. 82
5.1.4 VPI and VCI ............................................................................................................... 83
5.1.5 IP Address Assignment .............................................................................................. 83
5.1.6 Nailed-Up Connection (PPP) ..................................................................................... 83
5.1.7 NAT ............................................................................................................................ 84
5.2 Metric .................................................................................................................................. 84
5.3 Traffic Shaping ..................................................................................................................... 84
5.3.1 ATM Traffic Classes ................................................................................................... 85
5.4 Zero Configuration Internet Access ..................................................................................... 86
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Table of Contents
5.5 Internet Connection ............................................................................................................ 86
5.5.1 Configuring Advanced Internet Connection Setup ..................................................... 88
5.6 Configuring More Connections ............................................................................................ 90
5.6.1 More Connections Edit .............................................................................................. 91
5.6.2 Configuring More Connections Advanced Setup ...................................................... 94
5.7 Traffic Redirect ................................................................................................................... 95
5.8 Configuring WAN Backup ................................................................................................... 95
Chapter 6
LAN Setup................................................................................................................................ 99
6.1 LAN Overview ..................................................................................................................... 99
6.1.1 LANs, WANs and the P-660HWP-Dx ......................................................................... 99
6.1.2 DHCP Setup ............................................................................................................. 100
6.1.3 DNS Server Address ................................................................................................ 100
6.1.4 DNS Server Address Assignment ............................................................................ 100
6.2 LAN TCP/IP ....................................................................................................................... 101
6.2.1 IP Address and Subnet Mask ................................................................................... 101
6.2.2 RIP Setup ................................................................................................................. 102
6.2.3 Multicast ................................................................................................................... 102
6.2.4 Any IP ....................................................................................................................... 103
6.3 Configuring LAN IP ............................................................................................................ 104
6.3.1 Configuring Advanced LAN Setup ........................................................................... 105
6.4 DHCP Setup ...................................................................................................................... 106
6.5 LAN Client List .................................................................................................................. 107
6.6 LAN IP Alias ...................................................................................................................... 108
Chapter 7
Wireless LAN......................................................................................................................... 111
7.1 Wireless Network Overview ................................................................................................111
7.2 Wireless Network Setup .....................................................................................................112
7.2.1 Requirements ............................................................................................................112
7.2.2 Setup Information ......................................................................................................112
7.3 Wireless Security Overview ................................................................................................113
7.3.1 SSID ..........................................................................................................................113
7.3.2 MAC Address Filter ...................................................................................................113
7.3.3 User Authentication ...................................................................................................114
7.3.4 Encryption .................................................................................................................114
7.3.5 One-Touch Intelligent Security Technology (OTIST) .................................................115
7.4 General Wireless LAN Screen .................................................................................115
7.4.1 No Security ................................................................................................................117
7.4.2 WEP Encryption ........................................................................................................117
7.4.3 WPA-PSK/WPA2-PSK ...............................................................................................118
7.4.4 WPA/WPA2 .............................................................................................................. 120
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Table of Contents
7.4.5 Wireless LAN Advanced Setup ................................................................................ 122
7.5 OTIST ................................................................................................................................ 123
7.5.1 Enabling OTIST ........................................................................................................ 123
7.5.2 Starting OTIST ......................................................................................................... 125
7.5.3 Notes on OTIST ....................................................................................................... 126
7.6 MAC Filter ..................................................................................................................... 127
7.7 WMM QoS .................................................................................................................... 128
7.7.1 WMM QoS Example ................................................................................................. 128
7.7.2 WMM QoS Priorities ............................................................................................... 128
7.7.3 Services ................................................................................................................... 129
7.8 QoS Screen ...................................................................................................................... 130
7.8.1 ToS (Type of Service) and WMM QoS ..................................................................... 131
7.8.2 Application Priority Configuration ............................................................................. 132
Chapter 8
Powerline ............................................................................................................................... 135
8.1 Overview ............................................................................................................................ 135
8.2 Privacy and Powerline Adapters ........................................................................................ 136
8.2.1 Setting Up a Private Powerline Network .................................................................. 136
8.2.2 Setting Up Multiple Powerline Networks. ................................................................. 137
8.3 Configuring Local Settings ................................................................................................138
8.4 Configuring Remote Settings ............................................................................................ 139
8.5 Powerline Network Status ................................................................................................. 140
Chapter 9
Network Address Translation (NAT)....................................................................................143
9.1 NAT Overview ................................................................................................................... 143
9.1.1 NAT Definitions ........................................................................................................ 143
9.1.2 What NAT Does ....................................................................................................... 144
9.1.3 How NAT Works ....................................................................................................... 144
9.1.4 NAT Application ........................................................................................................ 144
9.1.5 NAT Mapping Types ................................................................................................. 145
9.2 SUA (Single User Account) Versus NAT ........................................................................... 146
9.3 SIP ALG ............................................................................................................................. 146
9.4 NAT General Setup ........................................................................................................... 147
9.5 Port Forwarding ................................................................................................................. 148
9.5.1 Default Server IP Address ........................................................................................ 148
9.5.2 Port Forwarding: Services and Port Numbers .......................................................... 148
9.5.3 Configuring Servers Behind Port Forwarding (Example) ......................................... 149
9.6 Configuring Port Forwarding ............................................................................................. 149
9.6.1 Port Forwarding Rule Edit ....................................................................................... 150
9.7 Address Mapping .............................................................................................................. 151
9.7.1 Address Mapping Rule Edit ..................................................................................... 153
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P-660HWP-Dx User’s Guide
Table of Contents
Part IV: Security ................................................................................... 155
Chapter 10
Firewalls................................................................................................................................. 157
10.1 Firewall Overview ........................................................................................................... 157
10.2 Types of Firewalls ............................................................................................................ 157
10.2.1 Packet Filtering Firewalls ....................................................................................... 157
10.2.2 Application-level Firewalls ...................................................................................... 158
10.2.3 Stateful Inspection Firewalls ................................................................................... 158
10.3 Introduction to ZyXEL’s Firewall ...................................................................................... 158
10.3.1 Denial of Service Attacks ....................................................................................... 159
10.4 Denial of Service ............................................................................................................. 159
10.4.1 Basics ..................................................................................................................... 159
10.4.2 Types of DoS Attacks ............................................................................................. 160
10.5 Stateful Inspection ........................................................................................................... 162
10.5.1 Stateful Inspection Process .................................................................................... 163
10.5.2 Stateful Inspection and the P-660HWP-Dx ............................................................ 164
10.5.3 TCP Security .......................................................................................................... 164
10.5.4 UDP/ICMP Security ................................................................................................ 165
10.5.5 Upper Layer Protocols ........................................................................................... 165
10.6 Guidelines for Enhancing Security with Your Firewall ..................................................... 166
10.6.1 Security In General ................................................................................................ 166
10.7 Packet Filtering Vs Firewall ............................................................................................. 167
10.7.1 Packet Filtering: ..................................................................................................... 167
10.7.2 Firewall ................................................................................................................... 167
Chapter 11
Firewall Configuration ..........................................................................................................169
11.1 Access Methods ............................................................................................................... 169
11.2 Firewall Policies Overview ............................................................................................... 169
11.3 Rule Logic Overview ........................................................................................................ 170
11.3.1 Rule Checklist ........................................................................................................ 170
11.3.2 Security Ramifications ............................................................................................ 170
11.3.3 Key Fields For Configuring Rules .......................................................................... 171
11.4 Connection Direction ........................................................................................................ 171
11.4.1 LAN to WAN Rules ................................................................................................. 172
11.4.2 Alerts ...................................................................................................................... 172
11.5 General Firewall Policy ................................................................................................. 172
11.6 Firewall Rules Summary ................................................................................................. 173
11.6.1 Configuring Firewall Rules ................................................................................... 175
11.6.2 Customized Services ............................................................................................. 178
11.6.3 Configuring a Customized Service ....................................................................... 178
11.7 Example Firewall Rule .....................................................................................................179
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Table of Contents
11.8 Predefined Services ......................................................................................................... 183
11.9 Anti-Probing ..................................................................................................................... 185
11.10 DoS Thresholds ............................................................................................................ 186
11.10.1 Threshold Values .................................................................................................. 186
11.10.2 Half-Open Sessions ............................................................................................. 187
11.10.3 Configuring Firewall Thresholds ........................................................................... 187
Chapter 12
Content Filtering ................................................................................................................... 191
12.1 Content Filtering Overview ............................................................................................. 191
12.2 Configuring Keyword Blocking ........................................................................................ 191
12.3 Configuring the Schedule ............................................................................................... 192
12.4 Configuring Trusted Computers ...................................................................................... 193
Chapter 13
Certificates ............................................................................................................................195
13.1 Certificates Overview ....................................................................................................... 195
13.1.1 Advantages of Certificates ..................................................................................... 196
13.2 Self-signed Certificates .................................................................................................... 196
13.3 Verifying a Certificate ....................................................................................................... 196
13.3.1 Checking the Fingerprint of a Certificate on Your Computer .................................. 196
13.4 Configuration Summary ................................................................................................... 197
13.5 My Certificates ................................................................................................................. 198
13.6 My Certificates > Details ................................................................................................. 199
13.7 My Certificates > Create .................................................................................................202
13.8 My Certificates > Import .................................................................................................. 204
13.8.1 Certificate File Formats .......................................................................................... 205
13.9 Trusted CAs ................................................................................................................... 206
13.10 Trusted CA Details ......................................................................................................... 207
13.11 Trusted CA > Import ..................................................................................................... 209
13.12 Trusted Remote Hosts ................................................................................................. 210
13.13 Trusted Remote Hosts > Import ....................................................................................211
13.14 Trusted Remote Host Certificate Details ..................................................................... 212
13.15 Directory Servers .......................................................................................................... 215
13.16 Directory Server Add or Edit ........................................................................................ 215
Part V: Advanced ................................................................................. 217
Chapter 14
Static Route ........................................................................................................................... 219
14.1 Static Route .................................................................................................................. 219
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P-660HWP-Dx User’s Guide
Table of Contents
14.2 Configuring Static Route .................................................................................................219
14.2.1 Static Route Edit ................................................................................................... 220
Chapter 15
Bandwidth Management.......................................................................................................223
15.1 Bandwidth Management Overview ................................................................................. 223
15.2 Application-based Bandwidth Management .................................................................... 223
15.3 Subnet-based Bandwidth Management .......................................................................... 223
15.4 Application and Subnet-based Bandwidth Management ................................................. 224
15.5 Scheduler ........................................................................................................................ 224
15.5.1 Priority-based Scheduler ........................................................................................ 224
15.5.2 Fairness-based Scheduler ..................................................................................... 225
15.6 Maximize Bandwidth Usage ............................................................................................ 225
15.6.1 Reserving Bandwidth for Non-Bandwidth Class Traffic .......................................... 225
15.6.2 Maximize Bandwidth Usage Example .................................................................... 226
15.6.3 Bandwidth Management Priorities ......................................................................... 227
15.7 Over Allotment of Bandwidth ........................................................................................... 227
15.8 Configuring Summary ..................................................................................................... 228
15.9 Bandwidth Management Rule Setup ............................................................................. 229
15.10 DiffServ .......................................................................................................................... 230
15.10.1 DSCP and Per-Hop Behavior ............................................................................... 230
15.10.2 Rule Configuration ............................................................................................... 231
15.11 Bandwidth Monitor ........................................................................................................ 234
Chapter 16
Dynamic DNS Setup ............................................................................................................. 235
16.1 Dynamic DNS Overview ................................................................................................. 235
16.1.1 DYNDNS Wildcard ................................................................................................. 235
16.2 Configuring Dynamic DNS .............................................................................................. 235
Chapter 17
Remote Management Configuration ...................................................................................239
17.1 Remote Management Overview ..................................................................................... 239
17.1.1 Remote Management Limitations .......................................................................... 240
17.1.2 Remote Management and NAT .............................................................................. 240
17.1.3 System Timeout .................................................................................................... 240
17.2 WWW .............................................................................................................................. 240
17.3 Telnet ............................................................................................................................... 241
17.4 Configuring Telnet ............................................................................................................ 242
17.5 Configuring FTP ............................................................................................................. 242
17.6 SNMP .............................................................................................................................. 243
17.6.1 Supported MIBs ..................................................................................................... 244
17.6.2 SNMP Traps ........................................................................................................... 245
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Table of Contents
17.6.3 Configuring SNMP ................................................................................................. 245
17.7 Configuring DNS ............................................................................................................. 246
17.8 Configuring ICMP ............................................................................................................ 247
17.9 TR-069 ............................................................................................................................. 248
Chapter 18
Universal Plug-and-Play (UPnP).......................................................................................... 251
18.1 Introducing Universal Plug and Play ............................................................................... 251
18.1.1 How do I know if I'm using UPnP? ......................................................................... 251
18.1.2 NAT Traversal ........................................................................................................ 251
18.1.3 Cautions with UPnP ............................................................................................... 251
18.2 UPnP and ZyXEL ............................................................................................................252
18.2.1 Configuring UPnP ................................................................................................. 252
18.3 Installing UPnP in Windows Example .............................................................................. 253
18.3.1 Installing UPnP in Windows Me ............................................................................. 253
18.3.2 Installing UPnP in Windows XP ............................................................................. 254
18.4 Using UPnP in Windows XP Example ............................................................................. 255
18.4.1 Auto-discover Your UPnP-enabled Network Device .............................................. 256
18.4.2 Web Configurator Easy Access ............................................................................. 259
Part VI: Maintenance and Troubleshooting ....................................... 263
Chapter 19
System ................................................................................................................................... 265
19.1 General Setup ................................................................................................................. 265
19.1.1 General Setup and System Name ......................................................................... 265
19.1.2 General Setup ....................................................................................................... 265
19.2 Time Setting .................................................................................................................... 267
Chapter 20
Logs ...................................................................................................................................... 271
20.1 Logs Overview ................................................................................................................ 271
20.1.1 Alerts and Logs ...................................................................................................... 271
20.2 Viewing the Logs ............................................................................................................. 271
20.3 Configuring Log Settings ................................................................................................ 272
20.3.1 Example E-mail Log ............................................................................................... 274
20.4 Log Descriptions .............................................................................................................. 275
Chapter 21
Tools.......................................................................................................................................289
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21.1 Firmware Upgrade .......................................................................................................... 289
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21.2 Configuration Screen ....................................................................................................... 291
21.2.1 Backup Configuration ............................................................................................. 291
21.2.2 Restore Configuration ............................................................................................ 292
21.2.3 Back to Factory Defaults ........................................................................................ 293
21.3 Restart ............................................................................................................................. 293
Chapter 22
Diagnostic.............................................................................................................................. 295
22.1 General Diagnostic ......................................................................................................... 295
22.2 DSL Line Diagnostic ...................................................................................................... 296
Chapter 23
Troubleshooting.................................................................................................................... 297
23.1 Power, Hardware Connections, and LEDs ...................................................................... 297
23.2 P-660HWP-Dx Access and Login .................................................................................... 298
23.3 Internet Access ................................................................................................................ 299
23.4 Powerline Issues ............................................................................................................. 301
Part VII: Appendices and Index .......................................................... 303
Appendix A Product Specifications and Wall Mounting........................................................305
Appendix B Wireless LANs .................................................................................................. 311
Appendix C Internal SPTGEN ..............................................................................................325
Appendix D Setting up Your Computer’s IP Address ...........................................................341
Appendix E IP Subnetting ....................................................................................................357
Appendix F Command Interpreter ........................................................................................ 365
Appendix G Firewall Commands ..........................................................................................369
Appendix H Pop-up Windows, JavaScripts and Java Permissions ...................................... 375
Appendix I NetBIOS Filter Commands .................................................................................381
Appendix J Triangle Route ...................................................................................................383
Appendix K Legal Information .............................................................................................. 385
Appendix L Customer Support ............................................................................................. 389
Index....................................................................................................................................... 395
P-660HWP-Dx User’s Guide
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Table of Contents
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P-660HWP-Dx User’s Guide
List of Figures
List of Figures
Figure 1 Protected Internet Access Applications .................................................................................... 36
Figure 2 LAN-to-LAN Application Example ............................................................................................ 36
Figure 3 Front Panel .............................................................................................................................. 38
Figure 4 Connecting a POTS Splitter ..................................................................................................... 39
Figure 5 Connecting a Microfilter ............................................................................................................ 40
Figure 6 Connecting a Microfilter and Y-Connector ................................................................................ 40
Figure 7 P-660HWP-Dx with ISDN ......................................................................................................... 41
Figure 8 Password Screen ..................................................................................................................... 44
Figure 9 User status screen ................................................................................................................... 44
Figure 10 Change Password at Login .................................................................................................... 45
Figure 11 Select a Mode ......................................................................................................................... 45
Figure 12 Web Configurator: Main Screen ............................................................................................ 46
Figure 13 Status Screen ......................................................................................................................... 49
Figure 14 Status: Any IP Table ............................................................................................................... 51
Figure 15 Status: WLAN Status .............................................................................................................. 52
Figure 16 Status: Bandwidth Status ........................................................................................................ 53
Figure 17 Status: Powerline .................................................................................................................... 53
Figure 18 Status: Packet Statistics ......................................................................................................... 54
Figure 19 System General ...................................................................................................................... 55
Figure 20 Select a Mode ........................................................................................................................ 60
Figure 21 Wizard: Welcome ................................................................................................................... 60
Figure 22 Auto Detection: No DSL Connection ...................................................................................... 61
Figure 23 Auto Detection: Failed ............................................................................................................ 61
Figure 24 Auto-Detection: PPPoE .......................................................................................................... 62
Figure 25 Internet Access Wizard Setup: ISP Parameters ..................................................................... 62
Figure 26 Internet Connection with PPPoE ............................................................................................ 63
Figure 27 Internet Connection with RFC 1483 ....................................................................................... 64
Figure 28 Internet Connection with ENET ENCAP ................................................................................. 65
Figure 29 Internet Connection with PPPoA ............................................................................................ 66
Figure 30 Connection Test Failed-1 ........................................................................................................ 66
Figure 31 Connection Test Failed-2. ....................................................................................................... 67
Figure 32 Connection Test Successful ................................................................................................... 67
Figure 33 Wireless LAN Setup Wizard 1 ................................................................................................ 68
Figure 34 Wireless LAN Setup Wizard 2 ................................................................................................ 69
Figure 35 Manually assign a WPA key ................................................................................................... 70
Figure 36 Manually assign a WEP key ................................................................................................... 71
Figure 37 Wireless LAN Setup 3 ............................................................................................................ 71
Figure 38 Internet Access and Wireless Wizard Setup Complete .......................................................... 72
P-660HWP-Dx User’s Guide
35
List of Figures
Figure 39 Select a Mode ........................................................................................................................ 74
Figure 40 Wizard: Welcome ................................................................................................................... 75
Figure 41 Bandwidth Management Wizard: General Information ........................................................... 75
Figure 42 Bandwidth Management Wizard: Configuration ..................................................................... 76
Figure 43 Bandwidth Management Wizard: Complete ........................................................................... 77
Figure 44 Example of Traffic Shaping .................................................................................................... 85
Figure 45 Internet Connection (PPPoE) ................................................................................................. 87
Figure 46 Advanced Internet Connection Setup ..................................................................................... 89
Figure 47 More Connections .................................................................................................................. 90
Figure 48 More Connections Edit ........................................................................................................... 92
Figure 49 More Connections Advanced Setup ....................................................................................... 94
Figure 50 Traffic Redirect Example ........................................................................................................ 95
Figure 51 Traffic Redirect LAN Setup ..................................................................................................... 95
Figure 52 WAN Backup Setup ................................................................................................................ 96
Figure 53 LAN and WAN IP Addresses .................................................................................................. 99
Figure 54 Any IP Example .................................................................................................................... 103
Figure 55 LAN IP .................................................................................................................................. 104
Figure 56 Advanced LAN Setup ........................................................................................................... 105
Figure 57 DHCP Setup ......................................................................................................................... 106
Figure 58 LAN Client List ...................................................................................................................... 108
Figure 59 Physical Network & Partitioned Logical Networks ................................................................ 109
Figure 60 LAN IP Alias ......................................................................................................................... 109
Figure 61 Example of a Wireless Network ............................................................................................ 111
Figure 62 Wireless LAN: General .........................................................................................................116
Figure 63 Wireless: No Security ............................................................................................................117
Figure 64 Wireless: Static WEP Encryption ...........................................................................................118
Figure 65 Wireless: WPA-PSK/WPA2-PSK ...........................................................................................119
Figure 66 Wireless: WPA/WPA2 ........................................................................................................... 120
Figure 67 Advanced ............................................................................................................................. 122
Figure 68 OTIST ................................................................................................................................... 124
Figure 69 Example Wireless Client OTIST Screen .............................................................................. 125
Figure 70 Security Key ......................................................................................................................... 125
Figure 71 OTIST in Progress (AP) ....................................................................................................... 125
Figure 72 OTIST in progress (Client) ................................................................................................... 126
Figure 73 No AP with OTIST Found ..................................................................................................... 126
Figure 74 Start OTIST? ........................................................................................................................ 126
Figure 75 MAC Address Filter .............................................................................................................. 127
Figure 76 Wireless LAN: QoS .............................................................................................................. 131
Figure 77 Application Priority Configuration ......................................................................................... 132
Figure 78 Expand Your Network ........................................................................................................... 135
Figure 79 Powerline Network Scenario ................................................................................................ 136
Figure 80 Two Private Powerline Networks on One Circuit .................................................................. 137
Figure 81 Network > Powerline > Local Setting .................................................................................. 138
36
P-660HWP-Dx User’s Guide
List of Figures
Figure 82 Network > Powerline > Remote Setting ............................................................................... 139
Figure 83 Network > Powerline > Status .............................................................................................. 140
Figure 84 How NAT Works ................................................................................................................... 144
Figure 85 NAT Application With IP Alias .............................................................................................. 145
Figure 86 NAT General ........................................................................................................................ 147
Figure 87 Multiple Servers Behind NAT Example ................................................................................ 149
Figure 88 NAT Port Forwarding ............................................................................................................ 150
Figure 89 Port Forwarding Rule Setup ................................................................................................ 151
Figure 90 Address Mapping Rules ....................................................................................................... 152
Figure 91 Edit Address Mapping Rule ................................................................................................. 153
Figure 92 Firewall Application .............................................................................................................. 159
Figure 93 Three-Way Handshake ......................................................................................................... 160
Figure 94 SYN Flood ............................................................................................................................ 161
Figure 95 Smurf Attack ......................................................................................................................... 161
Figure 96 Stateful Inspection ................................................................................................................ 163
Figure 97 Firewall: General .................................................................................................................. 172
Figure 98 Firewall Rules ...................................................................................................................... 174
Figure 99 Firewall: Edit Rule ................................................................................................................ 176
Figure 100 Firewall: Customized Services ........................................................................................... 178
Figure 101 Firewall: Configure Customized Services ........................................................................... 179
Figure 102 Firewall Example: Rules ..................................................................................................... 180
Figure 103 Edit Custom Port Example ................................................................................................. 180
Figure 104 Firewall Example: Edit Rule: Destination Address ............................................................ 181
Figure 105 Firewall Example: Edit Rule: Select Customized Services ................................................. 182
Figure 106 Firewall Example: Rules: MyService .................................................................................183
Figure 107 Firewall: Anti Probing ......................................................................................................... 185
Figure 108 Firewall: Threshold ............................................................................................................. 188
Figure 109 Content Filter: Keyword ...................................................................................................... 191
Figure 110 Content Filter: Schedule ..................................................................................................... 192
Figure 111 Content Filter: Trusted ........................................................................................................ 193
Figure 112 Certificates on Your Computer ............................................................................................ 196
Figure 113 Certificate Details ............................................................................................................... 197
Figure 114 Certificate Configuration Overview ..................................................................................... 197
Figure 115 Security > Certificates > My Certificates ............................................................................ 198
Figure 116 Security > Certificates > My Certificates > Create .............................................................. 202
Figure 117 Security > Certificates > My Certificates > Import .............................................................. 205
Figure 118 Security > Certificates > Trusted CAs ................................................................................. 206
Figure 119 Security > Certificates > Trusted CAs > Details .................................................................. 207
Figure 120 Security > Certificates > Trusted CAs > Import .................................................................. 210
Figure 121 Security > Certificates > Trusted Remote Hosts ................................................................ 210
Figure 122 Security > Certificates > Trusted Remote Hosts > Import .................................................. 212
Figure 123 Security > Certificates > Trusted Remote Hosts > Details ................................................. 213
Figure 124 Security > Certificates > Directory Servers ........................................................................ 215
P-660HWP-Dx User’s Guide
37
List of Figures
Figure 125 Security > Certificates > Directory Server > Add ................................................................ 216
Figure 126 Example of Static Routing Topology ................................................................................... 219
Figure 127 Static Route ........................................................................................................................ 220
Figure 128 Static Route Edit ................................................................................................................. 221
Figure 129 Subnet-based Bandwidth Management Example .............................................................. 224
Figure 130 Bandwidth Management: Summary ................................................................................... 228
Figure 131 Bandwidth Management: Rule Setup ................................................................................. 229
Figure 132 DiffServ: Differentiated Service Field .................................................................................. 230
Figure 133 Bandwidth Management Rule Configuration ...................................................................... 231
Figure 134 Bandwidth Management: Monitor ......................................................................................234
Figure 135 Dynamic DNS ..................................................................................................................... 236
Figure 136 Remote Management: WWW ............................................................................................. 240
Figure 137 Telnet Configuration on a TCP/IP Network ......................................................................... 241
Figure 138 Remote Management: Telnet ............................................................................................. 242
Figure 139 Remote Management: FTP ................................................................................................ 243
Figure 140 SNMP Management Model ................................................................................................ 244
Figure 141 Remote Management: SNMP ............................................................................................ 245
Figure 142 Remote Management: DNS ............................................................................................... 247
Figure 143 Remote Management: ICMP .............................................................................................. 248
Figure 144 Enabling TR-069 ............................................................................................................... 249
Figure 145 Configuring UPnP ............................................................................................................... 252
Figure 146 Add/Remove Programs: Windows Setup: Communication ................................................ 253
Figure 147 Add/Remove Programs: Windows Setup: Communication: Components .......................... 254
Figure 148 Network Connections ......................................................................................................... 254
Figure 149 Windows Optional Networking Components Wizard .......................................................... 255
Figure 150 Networking Services ........................................................................................................... 255
Figure 151 Network Connections ......................................................................................................... 256
Figure 152 Internet Connection Properties .......................................................................................... 257
Figure 153 Internet Connection Properties: Advanced Settings ........................................................... 257
Figure 154 Internet Connection Properties: Advanced Settings: Add .................................................. 258
Figure 155 System Tray Icon ................................................................................................................ 258
Figure 156 Internet Connection Status ................................................................................................. 259
Figure 157 Network Connections ......................................................................................................... 260
Figure 158 Network Connections: My Network Places ........................................................................ 261
Figure 159 Network Connections: My Network Places: Properties: Example ...................................... 261
Figure 160 System General Setup ....................................................................................................... 266
Figure 161 System Time Setting .......................................................................................................... 267
Figure 162 View Log ............................................................................................................................. 272
Figure 163 Log Settings ....................................................................................................................... 273
Figure 164 E-mail Log Example ........................................................................................................... 275
Figure 165 Firmware Upgrade .............................................................................................................. 289
Figure 166 Firmware Upload In Progress ............................................................................................. 290
Figure 167 Network Temporarily Disconnected ....................................................................................290
38
P-660HWP-Dx User’s Guide
List of Figures
Figure 168 Error Message .................................................................................................................... 291
Figure 169 Maintenance > Tools > Configuration .................................................................................291
Figure 170 Configuration Restore Successful ...................................................................................... 292
Figure 171 Temporarily Disconnected .................................................................................................. 293
Figure 172 Configuration Restore Error ............................................................................................... 293
Figure 173 Restart Screen ................................................................................................................... 293
Figure 174 Diagnostic: General ............................................................................................................ 295
Figure 175 Diagnostic: DSL Line .......................................................................................................... 296
Figure 176 Wall-mounting Example ...................................................................................................... 310
Figure 177 Masonry Plug and M4 Tap Screw .......................................................................................310
Figure 178 Peer-to-Peer Communication in an Ad-hoc Network ..........................................................311
Figure 179 Basic Service Set ............................................................................................................... 312
Figure 180 Infrastructure WLAN ........................................................................................................... 313
Figure 181 RTS/CTS ........................................................................................................................... 314
Figure 182 WPA(2) with RADIUS Application Example ....................................................................... 321
Figure 183 WPA(2)-PSK Authentication ............................................................................................... 322
Figure 184 Configuration Text File Format: Column Descriptions ........................................................ 325
Figure 185 Invalid Parameter Entered: Command Line Example ........................................................ 326
Figure 186 Valid Parameter Entered: Command Line Example ........................................................... 326
Figure 187 Internal SPTGEN FTP Download Example ........................................................................ 327
Figure 188 Internal SPTGEN FTP Upload Example ............................................................................ 327
Figure 189 WIndows 95/98/Me: Network: Configuration ...................................................................... 342
Figure 190 Windows 95/98/Me: TCP/IP Properties: IP Address .......................................................... 343
Figure 191 Windows 95/98/Me: TCP/IP Properties: DNS Configuration .............................................. 344
Figure 192 Windows XP: Start Menu .................................................................................................... 345
Figure 193 Windows XP: Control Panel ............................................................................................... 345
Figure 194 Windows XP: Control Panel: Network Connections: Properties ......................................... 346
Figure 195 Windows XP: Local Area Connection Properties ............................................................... 346
Figure 196 Windows XP: Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) Properties .......................................................... 347
Figure 197 Windows XP: Advanced TCP/IP Properties ....................................................................... 348
Figure 198 Windows XP: Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) Properties .......................................................... 349
Figure 199 Macintosh OS 8/9: Apple Menu .......................................................................................... 350
Figure 200 Macintosh OS 8/9: TCP/IP ................................................................................................. 350
Figure 201 Macintosh OS X: Apple Menu ............................................................................................ 351
Figure 202 Macintosh OS X: Network .................................................................................................. 352
Figure 203 Red Hat 9.0: KDE: Network Configuration: Devices ......................................................... 353
Figure 204 Red Hat 9.0: KDE: Ethernet Device: General .................................................................. 353
Figure 205 Red Hat 9.0: KDE: Network Configuration: DNS ............................................................... 354
Figure 206 Red Hat 9.0: KDE: Network Configuration: Activate ........................................................ 354
Figure 207 Red Hat 9.0: Dynamic IP Address Setting in ifconfig-eth0 ............................................... 355
Figure 208 Red Hat 9.0: Static IP Address Setting in ifconfig-eth0 ................................................... 355
Figure 209 Red Hat 9.0: DNS Settings in resolv.conf ........................................................................ 355
Figure 210 Red Hat 9.0: Restart Ethernet Card ................................................................................. 355
P-660HWP-Dx User’s Guide
39
List of Figures
Figure 211 Red Hat 9.0: Checking TCP/IP Properties ........................................................................ 356
Figure 212 Displaying Log Categories Example .................................................................................. 366
Figure 213 Displaying Log Parameters Example ................................................................................. 366
Figure 214 Pop-up Blocker ................................................................................................................... 375
Figure 215 Internet Options: Privacy .................................................................................................... 376
Figure 216 Internet Options: Privacy .................................................................................................... 377
Figure 217 Pop-up Blocker Settings ..................................................................................................... 377
Figure 218 Internet Options: Security ................................................................................................... 378
Figure 219 Security Settings - Java Scripting ....................................................................................... 379
Figure 220 Security Settings - Java ...................................................................................................... 379
Figure 221 Java (Sun) .......................................................................................................................... 380
Figure 222 Ideal Setup ......................................................................................................................... 383
Figure 223 “Triangle Route” Problem ................................................................................................... 384
Figure 224 IP Alias ............................................................................................................................... 384
40
P-660HWP-Dx User’s Guide
List of Tables
List of Tables
Table 1 ADSL Standards ....................................................................................................................... 36
Table 2 Front Panel LEDs ...................................................................................................................... 38
Table 3 Web Configurator Screens Summary ....................................................................................... 47
Table 4 Status Screen ............................................................................................................................ 50
Table 5 Status: Any IP Table .................................................................................................................. 52
Table 6 Status: WLAN Status ................................................................................................................. 52
Table 7 Status: Packet Statistics ............................................................................................................ 54
Table 8 Internet Access Wizard Setup: ISP Parameters ....................................................................... 63
Table 9 Internet Connection with PPPoE ............................................................................................... 64
Table 10 Internet Connection with RFC 1483 ........................................................................................ 64
Table 11 Internet Connection with ENET ENCAP ................................................................................. 65
Table 12 Internet Connection with PPPoA ............................................................................................. 66
Table 13 Wireless LAN Setup Wizard 1 ................................................................................................. 68
Table 14 Wireless LAN Setup Wizard 2 ................................................................................................. 69
Table 15 Manually assign a WPA key .................................................................................................... 70
Table 16 Manually assign a WEP key ................................................................................................... 71
Table 17 Media Bandwidth Management Setup: Services .................................................................... 73
Table 18 Bandwidth Management Wizard: General Information ........................................................... 75
Table 19 Bandwidth Management Wizard: Configuration ...................................................................... 76
Table 20 Internet Connection ................................................................................................................. 87
Table 21 Advanced Internet Connection Setup ..................................................................................... 89
Table 22 More Connections ................................................................................................................... 91
Table 23 More Connections Edit ............................................................................................................ 92
Table 24 More Connections Advanced Setup ....................................................................................... 94
Table 25 WAN Backup Setup ................................................................................................................ 96
Table 26 LAN IP ................................................................................................................................... 105
Table 27 Advanced LAN Setup ............................................................................................................ 105
Table 28 DHCP Setup ......................................................................................................................... 107
Table 29 LAN Client List ...................................................................................................................... 108
Table 30 LAN IP Alias ...........................................................................................................................110
Table 31 Types of Encryption for Each Type of Authentication ............................................................114
Table 32 Wireless LAN: General ..........................................................................................................116
Table 33 Wireless No Security ..............................................................................................................117
Table 34 Wireless: Static WEP Encryption ...........................................................................................118
Table 35 Wireless: WPA-PSK/WPA2-PSK ............................................................................................119
Table 36 Wireless: WPA/WPA2 ........................................................................................................... 121
Table 37 Wireless LAN: Advanced ...................................................................................................... 122
Table 38 OTIST ................................................................................................................................... 124
P-660HWP-Dx User’s Guide
35
List of Tables
Table 39 MAC Address Filter ............................................................................................................... 127
Table 40 WMM QoS Priorities ............................................................................................................. 128
Table 41 Commonly Used Services ..................................................................................................... 129
Table 42 Wireless Lan: QoS ................................................................................................................ 131
Table 43 Application Priority Configuration .......................................................................................... 132
Table 44 Network > Powerline > Local Setting ................................................................................... 138
Table 45 Network > Powerline > Remote Setting ............................................................................. 139
Table 46 Network > Powerline > Status .............................................................................................. 140
Table 47 NAT Definitions ..................................................................................................................... 143
Table 48 NAT Mapping Types .............................................................................................................. 146
Table 49 NAT General ......................................................................................................................... 147
Table 50 Services and Port Numbers .................................................................................................. 148
Table 51 NAT Port Forwarding ............................................................................................................ 150
Table 52 Port Forwarding Rule Setup .................................................................................................. 151
Table 53 Address Mapping Rules ........................................................................................................ 152
Table 54 Edit Address Mapping Rule .................................................................................................. 153
Table 55 Common IP Ports .................................................................................................................. 159
Table 56 ICMP Commands That Trigger Alerts ................................................................................... 162
Table 57 Legal NetBIOS Commands ................................................................................................... 162
Table 58 Legal SMTP Commands ....................................................................................................... 162
Table 59 Firewall: General ................................................................................................................... 173
Table 60 Firewall Rules ....................................................................................................................... 174
Table 61 Firewall: Edit Rule ................................................................................................................. 177
Table 62 Customized Services ............................................................................................................ 178
Table 63 Firewall: Configure Customized Services ............................................................................. 179
Table 64 Predefined Services .............................................................................................................. 183
Table 65 Firewall: Anti Probing ............................................................................................................ 186
Table 66 Firewall: Threshold ................................................................................................................ 188
Table 67 Content Filter: Keyword ........................................................................................................ 192
Table 68 Content Filter: Schedule ....................................................................................................... 193
Table 69 Content Filter: Trusted .......................................................................................................... 193
Table 70 Security > Certificates > My Certificates ............................................................................... 198
Table 71 Security > Certificates > My Certificates > Edit .....................................................................200
Table 72 Security > Certificates > My Certificates > Details ................................................................ 200
Table 73 Security > Certificates > My Certificates > Create ................................................................ 203
Table 74 Security > Certificates > My Certificates > Import ................................................................. 205
Table 75 Security > Certificates > Trusted CAs ................................................................................... 206
Table 76 Security > Certificates > Trusted CAs > Details .................................................................... 208
Table 77 Security > Certificates > Trusted CAs Import ....................................................................... 210
Table 78 Security > Certificates > Trusted Remote Hosts ....................................................................211
Table 79 Security > Certificates > Trusted Remote Hosts > Import ..................................................... 212
Table 80 Security > Certificates > Trusted Remote Hosts > Details .................................................... 213
Table 81 Security > Certificates > Directory Servers ........................................................................... 215
36
P-660HWP-Dx User’s Guide
List of Tables
Table 82 Security > Certificates > Directory Server > Add .................................................................. 216
Table 83 Static Route ........................................................................................................................... 220
Table 84 Static Route Edit ................................................................................................................... 221
Table 85 Application and Subnet-based Bandwidth Management Example ....................................... 224
Table 86 Maximize Bandwidth Usage Example ................................................................................... 226
Table 87 Priority-based Allotment of Unused and Unbudgeted Bandwidth Example .......................... 226
Table 88 Fairness-based Allotment of Unused and Unbudgeted Bandwidth Example ....................... 227
Table 89 Bandwidth Management Priorities ........................................................................................ 227
Table 90 Over Allotment of Bandwidth Example ................................................................................. 227
Table 91 Media Bandwidth Management: Summary ........................................................................... 228
Table 92 Bandwidth Management: Rule Setup ................................................................................... 229
Table 93 Sub-Classes of AF Services ................................................................................................. 231
Table 94 Bandwidth Management Rule Configuration ........................................................................ 232
Table 95 Services and Port Numbers .................................................................................................. 233
Table 96 Bandwidth Management Monitor .......................................................................................... 234
Table 97 Dynamic DNS ....................................................................................................................... 236
Table 98 Remote Management: WWW ...............................................................................................241
Table 99 Remote Management: Telnet ................................................................................................ 242
Table 100 Remote Management: FTP ................................................................................................. 243
Table 101 SNMP Traps ........................................................................................................................ 245
Table 102 Remote Management: SNMP .............................................................................................246
Table 103 Remote Management: DNS ................................................................................................ 247
Table 104 Remote Management: ICMP .............................................................................................. 248
Table 105 TR-069 Commands ............................................................................................................. 249
Table 106 Configuring UPnP ............................................................................................................... 252
Table 107 System General Setup ........................................................................................................ 266
Table 108 System Time Setting ........................................................................................................... 268
Table 109 View Log ............................................................................................................................. 272
Table 110 Log Settings ........................................................................................................................ 273
Table 111 System Maintenance Logs .................................................................................................. 275
Table 112 System Error Logs .............................................................................................................. 276
Table 113 Access Control Logs ........................................................................................................... 276
Table 114 TCP Reset Logs .................................................................................................................. 277
Table 115 Packet Filter Logs ............................................................................................................... 277
Table 116 ICMP Logs .......................................................................................................................... 278
Table 117 CDR Logs ............................................................................................................................ 278
Table 118 PPP Logs ............................................................................................................................ 278
Table 119 UPnP Logs .......................................................................................................................... 279
Table 120 Content Filtering Logs ......................................................................................................... 279
Table 121 Attack Logs ......................................................................................................................... 280
Table 122 IPSec Logs .......................................................................................................................... 280
Table 123 IKE Logs ............................................................................................................................. 281
Table 124 PKI Logs ............................................................................................................................. 284
P-660HWP-Dx User’s Guide
37
List of Tables
Table 125 Certificate Path Verification Failure Reason Codes ............................................................ 285
Table 126 ACL Setting Notes .............................................................................................................. 285
Table 127 ICMP Notes ......................................................................................................................... 286
Table 128 Syslog Logs ........................................................................................................................ 287
Table 129 RFC-2408 ISAKMP Payload Types .................................................................................... 287
Table 130 Firmware Upgrade .............................................................................................................. 289
Table 131 Maintenance > Tools > Configuration ................................................................................291
Table 132 Maintenance Restore Configuration ...................................................................................292
Table 133 Diagnostic: General ............................................................................................................ 295
Table 134 Diagnostic: DSL Line .......................................................................................................... 296
Table 135 Hardware Specifications ..................................................................................................... 305
Table 136 Firmware Specifications ...................................................................................................... 305
Table 137 Wireless Firmware Specifications ....................................................................................... 307
Table 138 Standards Supported .......................................................................................................... 308
Table 139 IEEE 802.11g ...................................................................................................................... 315
Table 140 Wireless Security Levels ..................................................................................................... 316
Table 141 Comparison of EAP Authentication Types .......................................................................... 319
Table 142 Wireless Security Relational Matrix .................................................................................... 322
Table 143 Abbreviations Used in the Example Internal SPTGEN Screens Table ............................... 328
Table 144 Menu 1 General Setup ........................................................................................................ 328
Table 145 Menu 3 ................................................................................................................................ 328
Table 146 Menu 4 Internet Access Setup ............................................................................................ 330
Table 147 Menu 12 .............................................................................................................................. 332
Table 148 Menu 15 SUA Server Setup ................................................................................................ 332
Table 149 Menu 21.1 Filter Set #1 ....................................................................................................... 334
Table 150 Menu 21.1 Filter Set #2 ....................................................................................................... 335
Table 151 Menu 23 System Menus ..................................................................................................... 337
Table 152 Menu 24.11 Remote Management Control ......................................................................... 338
Table 153 Command Examples ........................................................................................................... 339
Table 154 Classes of IP Addresses ..................................................................................................... 357
Table 155 Allowed IP Address Range By Class .................................................................................. 358
Table 156 “Natural” Masks ................................................................................................................... 358
Table 157 Alternative Subnet Mask Notation ....................................................................................... 359
Table 158 Two Subnets Example ........................................................................................................ 359
Table 159 Subnet 1 .............................................................................................................................. 360
Table 160 Subnet 2 .............................................................................................................................. 360
Table 161 Subnet 1 .............................................................................................................................. 361
Table 162 Subnet 2 .............................................................................................................................. 361
Table 163 Subnet 3 .............................................................................................................................. 361
Table 164 Subnet 4 .............................................................................................................................. 361
Table 165 Eight Subnets ...................................................................................................................... 362
Table 166 Class C Subnet Planning .................................................................................................... 362
Table 167 Class B Subnet Planning .................................................................................................... 362
38
P-660HWP-Dx User’s Guide
List of Tables
Table 168 Firewall Commands ............................................................................................................ 369
Table 169 NetBIOS Filter Default Settings .......................................................................................... 382
P-660HWP-Dx User’s Guide
39
List of Tables
40
P-660HWP-Dx User’s Guide
PART I
Introduction
Introducing the P-660HWP-Dx (35)
Introducing the Web Configurator (43)
35
36
CHAPTER 1
Introducing the P-660HWP-Dx
This chapter introduces the main applications and features of the P-660HWP-Dx. It also
introduces the ways you can manage the P-660HWP-Dx.
1.1 Overview
The P-660HWP-Dx is an IEEE 802.11b/g wireless ADSL2+ gateway that allows super-fast,
secure Internet access over analog (POTS), digital (ISDN) telephone lines (depending on your
model) or by wireless. It also complies with the HomePlug AV standard, enabling networking
using standard electrical wiring.
In the P-660HWP-Dx product name, “H” denotes an integrated 4-port switch (hub) and “W”
denotes an included wireless LAN card that provides wireless connectivity. “P” denotes power
line connection capability.
See the Product Specifications appendix for a full list of features.
Model names ending in “1”, for example P-660H/HW-D Series, denote a device that works
over the analog telephone system, POTS (Plain Old Telephone Service). Model names ending
in “3” denote a device that works over ISDN (Integrated Services Digital Network).
The DSL RJ-11 (ADSL over POTS models) or RJ-45 (ADSL over ISDN models) connects to
your ADSL or ISDN-enabled telephone line.
The included power cable and plug connects to your power line enabled home wiring.
1 Only use firmware for your P-660HWP-Dx’s specific model. Refer to the label on
the bottom of your P-660HWP-Dx.
The P-660HWP-Dx is the ideal high-speed Internet access solution. It is compatible with all
major ADSL DSLAM (Digital Subscriber Line Access Multiplexer) providers and supports
the ADSL standards as shown in Table 1 on page 36. In addition, the P-660HWP-Dx with its
wireless features allows wireless clients access to your wired network resources and to the
Internet.
The P-660HWP-Dx provides protection from attacks by Internet hackers. By default, the
firewall blocks all incoming traffic from the WAN. The firewall supports TCP/UDP inspection
and DoS (Denial of Services) detection and prevention, as well as real time alerts, reports and
logs.
A typical Internet access application is shown below
P-660HWP-Dx User’s Guide
35
Chapter 1 Introducing the P-660HWP-Dx
Figure 1 Protected Internet Access Applications
You can also use the P-660HWP-Dx to connect two geographically dispersed networks over
the ADSL line. A typical LAN-to-LAN application example is shown as follows.
H
Figure 2 LAN-to-LAN Application Example
The P-660HWP-Dx is compatible with the ADSL/ADSL2/ADSL2+ standards. Maximum data
rates attainable for each standard are shown in the next table.
Table 1 ADSL Standards
DATA RATE STANDARD UPSTREAM DOWNSTREAM
ADSL
ADSL2
ADSL2+
832 kbps 8Mbps
3.5Mbps 12Mbps
3.5Mbps 24Mbps
" If your P-660HWP-Dx does not support Annex M, the maximum ADSL2/2+
upstream data rate is 1.2 Mbps. P-660HWP-Dxs which work over ISDN do not
support Annex M.
36
P-660HWP-Dx User’s Guide
Chapter 1 Introducing the P-660HWP-Dx
" The standard your ISP supports determines the maximum upstream and
downstream speeds attainable. Actual speeds attained also depend on the
distance from your ISP, line quality, etc.
1.2 Ways to Manage the P-660HWP-Dx
Use any of the following methods to manage the P-660HWP-Dx.
• Web Configurator. This is recommended for everyday management of the P-660HWP-Dx
using a (supported) web browser.
• Command Line Interface. Line commands are mostly used for troubleshooting by service
engineers.
• FTP for firmware upgrades and configuration backup/restore (Chapter 21 on page 289)
• SNMP. The device can be monitored by an SNMP manager. See the SNMP chapter in this
User’s Guide.
• SPTGEN. SPTGEN is a text configuration file that allows you to configure the device by
uploading an SPTGEN file. This is especially convenient if you need to configure many
devices of the same type.
• TR-069. This is an auto-configuration server used to remotely configure your device.
1.3 Good Habits for Managing the P-660HWP-Dx
Do the following things regularly to make the P-660HWP-Dx more secure and to manage the
P-660HWP-Dx more effectively.
• Change the password. Use a password that’s not easy to guess and that consists of
different types of characters, such as numbers and letters.
• Write down the password and put it in a safe place.
• Back up the configuration (and make sure you know how to restore it). Restoring an
earlier working configuration may be useful if the device becomes unstable or even
crashes. If you forget your password, you will have to reset the P-660HWP-Dx to its
factory default settings. If you backed up an earlier configuration file, you would not have
to totally re-configure the P-660HWP-Dx. You could simply restore your last
configuration.
1.4 LEDs
The following figure shows the P-660HWP-Dx’s LEDs.
P-660HWP-Dx User’s Guide
37
Chapter 1 Introducing the P-660HWP-Dx
Figure 3 Front Panel
The following table describes the LEDs.
Table 2 Front Panel LEDs
LED COLOR STATUS DESCRIPTION
POWER Green On The P-660HWP-Dx is receiving power and functioning
Blinking The P-660HWP-Dx is rebooting or performing diagnostics.
Red On Power to the P-660HWP-Dx is too low.
Off The system is receiving power but has malfunctioned.
ETHERNET Green On The P-660HWP-Dx has a successful Ethernet connection.
Blinking The P-660HWP-Dx is sending/receiving data.
Off The LAN is not connected.
WLAN Green On The P-660HWP-Dx is ready, but is not sending/receiving data
Blinking The P-660HWP-Dx is sending/receiving data through the
Off The wireless LAN is not ready or has failed.
DSL Green On The DSL line is up.
Blinking The P-660HWP-Dx is initializing the DSL line.
Off The DSL line is down.
INTERNET Green On The Internet connection is up but there is no traffic.
Blinking The P-660HWP-Dx transmitting data on the DSL line.
Off There is no connection.
Red On The P-660HWP-Dx attempted to connect and failed.
POWERLINE Green On The P-660HWP-Dx detects another power line Ethernet
Blinking The P-660HWP-Dx is transmitting data. (When the device is
Off The P-660HWP-Dx does not detect another power line
properly.
through the wireless LAN.
wireless LAN.
adapter.
managing the network, the LED does not blink.)
Ethernet adapter.
1.5 Hardware Connections
Refer to the Quick Start Guide for information on hardware connections.
38
P-660HWP-Dx User’s Guide
1.5.1 Connecting a POTS Splitter
When you use the Full Rate (G.dmt) ADSL standard, you can use a POTS (Plain Old
Telephone Service) splitter to separate the telephone and ADSL signals. This allows
simultaneous Internet access and telephone service on the same line. A splitter also eliminates
the destructive interference conditions caused by telephone sets.
Install the POTS splitter at the point where the telephone line enters your residence, as shown
in the following figure.
Figure 4 Connecting a POTS Splitter
Chapter 1 Introducing the P-660HWP-Dx
1 Connect the side labeled “Phone” to your telephone.
2 Connect the side labeled “Modem” or “DSL” to your P-660HWP-Dx.
3 Connect the side labeled “Line” to the telephone wall jack.
1.5.2 Telephone Microfilters
Telephone voice transmissions take place in the lower frequency range, 0 - 4KHz, while
ADSL transmissions take place in the higher bandwidth range, above 4KHz. A microfilter acts
as a low-pass filter, for your telephone, to ensure that ADSL transmissions do not interfere
with your telephone voice transmissions. The use of a telephone microfilter is optional.
1 Locate and disconnect each telephone.
2 Connect a cable from the wall jack to the “wall side” of the microfilter.
3 Connect the “phone side” of the microfilter to your telephone as shown in the following
figure.
4 After you are done, make sure that your telephone works. If your telephone does not
work, disconnect the microfilter and contact either your local telephone company or the
provider of the microfilter.
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Chapter 1 Introducing the P-660HWP-Dx
Figure 5 Connecting a Microfilter
You can also use a Y-Connector with a microfilter in order to connect both your modem and a
telephone to the same wall jack without using a POTS splitter.
1 Connect a phone cable from the wall jack to the single jack end of the Y-Connector.
2 Connect a cable from the double jack end of the Y-Connector to the “wall side” of the
microfilter.
3 Connect another cable from the double jack end of the Y-Connector to the P-660HWP-
Dx.
4 Connect the “phone side” of the microfilter to your telephone as shown in the following
figure.
Figure 6 Connecting a Microfilter and Y-Connector
1.5.3 P-660HWP-Dx With ISDN
This section relates to people who use their P-660HWP-Dx with ADSL over ISDN (digital
telephone service) only. The following is an example installation for the P-660HWP-Dx with
ISDN.
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P-660HWP-Dx User’s Guide
Figure 7 P-660HWP-Dx with ISDN
Chapter 1 Introducing the P-660HWP-Dx
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CHAPTER 2
Introducing the Web
Configurator
This chapter describes how to access and navigate the web configurator.
2.1 Web Configurator Overview
The web configurator is an HTML-based management interface that allows easy P-660HWPDx setup and management via Internet browser. Use Internet Explorer 6.0 and later or
Netscape Navigator 7.0 and later versions. The recommended screen resolution is 1024 by 768
pixels.
In order to use the web configurator you need to allow:
• Web browser pop-up windows from your device. Web pop-up blocking is enabled by
default in Windows XP SP (Service Pack) 2.
• JavaScripts (enabled by default).
• Java permissions (enabled by default).
See the chapter on troubleshooting if you need to make sure these functions are allowed in
Internet Explorer.
2.2 Accessing the Web Configurator
" Even though you can connect to the P-660HWP-Dx wirelessly, it is
recommended that you connect your computer to a LAN port for initial
configuration.
1 Make sure your P-660HWP-Dx hardware is properly connected (refer to the Quick Start
Guide).
2 Prepare your computer/computer network to connect to the P-660HWP-Dx (refer to the
Quick Start Guide).
3 Launch your web browser.
4 Type "http://192.168.1.1" as the URL.
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Chapter 2 Introducing the Web Configurator
5 A window displays as shown.
Figure 8 Password Screen
2.2.1 User Access
1 For user access enter the default user password user to view the status only. The
following window will appear.
Figure 9 User status screen
2.2.2 Administrator Access
1 For administrator access enter the default admin password 1234 to configure the wizards
and the advanced features.
2 Click Login to proceed to a screen asking you to change your password or click Cancel
to revert to the default password.
3 If you entered the admin password, it is highly recommended you change the default
admin password! Enter a new password between 1 and 30 characters, retype it to
confirm and click Apply. Alternatively click Ignore to proceed to the main menu if you
do not want to change the password now.
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" If you do not change the password at least once, the following screen appears
every time you log in with the admin password.
Figure 10 Change Password at Login
4 Select Go to Wizard setup and click Apply to display the wizard main screen.
Otherwise, select Go to Advanced setup and click Apply to display the Status screen.
Figure 11 Select a Mode
" The management session automatically times out when the time period set in
the Administrator Inactivity Timer field expires (default five minutes). Simply
log back into the P-660HWP-Dx if this happens.
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Chapter 2 Introducing the Web Configurator
2.3 Resetting the P-660HWP-Dx
If you forget your password or cannot access the web configurator, you will need to use the
RESET button at the back of the P-660HWP-Dx to reload the factory-default configuration
file. This means that you will lose all configurations that you had previously and the password
will be reset to “1234”.
2.3.1 Using the Reset Button
1 Make sure the POWER LED is on (not blinking).
2 Press the RESET button for ten seconds or until the POWER LED begins to blink and
then release it. When the POWER LED begins to blink, the defaults have been restored
and the P-660HWP-Dx restarts.
2.4 Navigating the Web Configurator
2.4.1 Navigation Panel
After you enter the admin password, use the sub-menus on the navigation panel to configure
P-660HWP-Dx features. The following table describes the sub-menus.
Figure 12 Web Configurator: Main Screen
Click the logout icon any time to
exit the web configurator
Use the
submenus
to configure
P-660HWPDx features.
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Chapter 2 Introducing the Web Configurator
" Click the icon (located in the top right corner of most screens) to view
embedded help.
Table 3 Web Configurator Screens Summary
LINK/ICON SUB-LINK FUNCTION
Wizard INTERNET/
WIRELESS
SETUP
BANDWIDTH
MANAGEMENT
SETUP
Logout Click this icon to exit the web configurator.
Status This screen shows the P-660HWP-Dx’s general device,
Network
WAN Internet
Connection
More Connections Use this screen to view and configure other connections for
WAN Backup
Setup
LAN IP Use this screen to configure LAN TCP/IP settings, enable Any
DHCP Setup Use this screen to configure LAN DHCP settings.
Client List
IP Alias
Wireless LAN General
OTIST
MAC Filter
QoS
Powerline Local Setting
Remote Setting
Status
Use these screens for initial configuration including general
setup, ISP parameters for Internet Access and WAN IP/DNS
Server/MAC address assignment.
Use these screens to limit bandwidth usage by application or
packet type.
system and interface status information. Use this screen to
access the summary statistics tables.
This screen allows you to configure ISP parameters, WAN IP
address assignment, DNS servers and other advanced
properties.
placing calls to another remote gateway.
Use this screen to configure your traffic redirect properties and
WAN backup settings.
IP and other advanced properties.
Use this screen to view current DHCP client information and to
always assign an IP address to a MAC address (and host
name).
Use this screen to partition your LAN interface into subnets.
Use this screen to configure wireless LAN.
Use this screen to enable OTIST.
Use the MAC filter screen to configure the P-660HWP-Dx to
block access to devices or block the devices from accessing
the P-660HWP-Dx.
Use this screen to configure Wi-Fi Multimedia Quality of
Service (WMM QoS). WMM QoS allows you to prioritize
wireless traffic according to the delivery requirements of
individual services.
Use this screen to configure the settings of your local power
line enabled device.
Use this screen to configure the settings of other power line
adapters on your power line network and set up a network.
Use this screen to view the status of your power line network.
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Chapter 2 Introducing the Web Configurator
Table 3 Web Configurator Screens Summary (continued)
LINK/ICON SUB-LINK FUNCTION
NAT General Use this screen to enable NAT.
Port Forwarding Use this screen to configure servers behind the P-660HWP-
Security
Firewall General Use this screen to activate/deactivate the firewall and the
Rules This screen shows a summary of the firewall rules, and allows
Anti Probing Use this screen to change your anti-probing settings.
Threshold Use this screen to configure the threshold for DoS attacks.
Content Filter Keyword Use this screen to block sites containing certain keywords in
Schedule Use this screen to set the days and times for the P-660HWP-
Trusted Use this screen to exclude a range of users on the LAN from
Certificates My Certificates
Trusted CA’s
Trusted Remote
Hosts
Directory Servers
Advanced
Static Route Static Route Use this screen to configure IP static routes.
Bandwidth
MGMT
Dynamic DNS Dynamic DNS Use this screen to set up dynamic DNS.
Remote MGMT
UPnP General Use this screen to enable UPnP on the P-660HWP-Dx.
Summary Use this screen to enable bandwidth management on an
Rule Setup Use this screen to define a bandwidth rule.
Monitor Use this screen to view the P-660HWP-Dx’s bandwidth usage
WWW Use this screen to configure through which interface(s) and
Te lnet Use this screen to configure through which interface(s) and
FTP Use this screen to configure through which interface(s) and
SNMP Use this screen to configure your P-660HWP-Dx’s settings for
DNS Use this screen to configure through which interface(s) and
ICMP Use this screen to change your anti-probing settings.
Dx.
direction of network traffic to which to apply the rule.
you to edit/add a firewall rule.
the URL.
Dx to perform content filtering.
content filtering on your P-660HWP-Dx.
interface.
and allotments.
from which IP address(es) users can use HTTPS or HTTP to
manage the P-660HWP-Dx.
from which IP address(es) users can use Telnet to manage the
P-660HWP-Dx.
from which IP address(es) users can use FTP to access the P660HWP-Dx.
Simple Network Management Protocol management.
from which IP address(es) users can send DNS queries to the
P-660HWP-Dx.
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Chapter 2 Introducing the Web Configurator
Table 3 Web Configurator Screens Summary (continued)
LINK/ICON SUB-LINK FUNCTION
Maintenance
System General This screen contains administrative and system-related
Time Setting Use this screen to change your P-660HWP-Dx’s time and
Logs View Log Use this screen to view the logs for the categories that you
Log Settings Use this screen to change your P-660HWP-Dx’s log settings.
Tools Firmware Use this screen to upload firmware to your P-660HWP-Dx.
Configuration Use this screen to backup and restore the configuration or
Restart This screen allows you to reboot the P-660HWP-Dx without
Diagnostic General These screens display information to help you identify
DSL Line These screens display information to help you identify
information and also allows you to change your password.
date.
selected.
reset the factory defaults to your P-660HWP-Dx.
turning the power off.
problems with the P-660HWP-Dx general connection.
problems with the DSL line.
2.4.2 Status Screen
The following summarizes how to navigate the web configurator from the Status screen.
Some fields or links are not available if you entered the user password in the login password
screen (see Figure 8 on page 36). Not all fields are available on all models.
Figure 13 Status Screen
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Chapter 2 Introducing the Web Configurator
The following table describes the labels shown in the Status screen.
Table 4 Status Screen
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Refresh Interval Select a number of seconds or None from the drop-down list box to refresh all
Apply Click this button to refresh the status screen statistics.
Device Information
Host Name This is the System Name you enter in the Maintenance > System > General
Model Number This is your P-660HWP-Dx’s model name.
MAC Address This is the MAC (Media Access Control) or Ethernet address unique to your P-
ZyNOS Firmware
Ver si on
DSL Firmware
Ver si on
WAN Information
DSL Mode This is the standard that your P-660HWP-Dx is using.
IP Address
IP Subnet Mask
Default Gateway This is the IP address of the default gateway, if applicable.
VPI/VCI This is the Virtual Path Identifier and Virtual Channel Identifier that you entered in
LAN Information
IP Address This is the LAN port IP address.
IP Subnet Mask This is the LAN port IP subnet mask.
DHCP This is the WAN port DHCP role - Server, Relay or None.
WLAN Information (Wireless devices only)
SSID This is the descriptive name used to identify the P-660HWP-Dx in the wireless
Channel This is the channel number used by the P-660HWP-Dx now.
Security This displays the level of wireless security the P-660HWP-Dx is using.
Security
Firewall This displays whether or not the P-660HWP-Dx’s firewall is activated.
Content Filter This displays whether or not the P-660HWP-Dx’s content filtering is activated.
System Status
System Uptime This is the total time the P-660HWP-Dx has been on.
Current Date/
Time
System Mode This displays whether the P-660HWP-Dx is functioning as a router or a bridge.
screen statistics automatically at the end of every time interval or to not refresh the
screen statistics.
screen. It is for identification purposes.
660HWP-Dx.
This is the ZyNOS firmware version and the date created. ZyNOS is ZyXEL's
proprietary Network Operating System design.
This is the DSL firmware version associated with your P-660HWP-Dx. This is
sometimes needed by technicians to help troubleshoot problems.
This is the WAN port IP address.
This is the WAN port IP subnet mask.
the wizard or WAN screen.
LAN.
This field displays your P-660HWP-Dx’s present date and time.
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Table 4 Status Screen (continued)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
CPU Usage This number shows how many kilobytes of the heap memory the P-660HWP-Dx is
using. Heap memory refers to the memory that is not used by ZyNOS (ZyXEL
Network Operating System) and is thus available for running processes like NAT,
VPN and the firewall.
The bar displays what percent of the P-660HWP-Dx's heap memory is in use. The
bar turns from green to red when the maximum is being approached.
Memory Usage This number shows the P-660HWP-Dx's total heap memory (in kilobytes).
The bar displays what percent of the P-660HWP-Dx's heap memory is in use. The
bar turns from green to red when the maximum is being approached.
Interface Status
Interface This displays the P-660HWP-Dx port types.
Status This field displays Down (line is down), Up (line is up or connected) if you're using
Ethernet encapsulation and Down (line is down), Up (line is up or connected), Idle
(line (ppp) idle), Dial (starting to trigger a call) and Drop (dropping a call) if you're
using PPPoE encapsulation.
Rate For the LAN ports, this displays the port speed and duplex setting.
Ethernet port connections can be in half-duplex or full-duplex mode. Full-duplex
refers to a device's ability to send and receive simultaneously, while half-duplex
indicates that traffic can flow in only one direction at a time. The Ethernet port
must use the same speed or duplex mode setting as the peer Ethernet port in
order to connect.
For the WAN port, it displays the downstream and upstream transmission rate.
Summary
Any IP Table Use this screen to view a list of IP addresses and MAC addresses of computers,
which are not in the same subnet as the P-660HWP-Dx.
WLAN Status
(Wireless devices
only)
Bandwidth Status Use this screen to view the P-660HWP-Dx’s bandwidth usage and allotments.
Packet Statistics Use this screen to view port status and packet specific statistics.
Powerline Status This screen indicates the status of your Powerline network connection.
This screen displays the MAC address(es) of the wireless stations that are
currently associating with the P-660HWP-Dx.
2.4.3 Status: Any IP Table
Click the Any IP Table hyperlink in the Status screen. The Any IP table shows current read-
only information (including the IP address and the MAC address) of all network devices that
use the Any IP feature to communicate with the P-660HWP-Dx.
Figure 14 Status: Any IP Table
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Chapter 2 Introducing the Web Configurator
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 5 Status: Any IP Table
LABEL DESCRIPTION
# This is the index number of the host computer.
IP Address This field displays the IP address of the network device.
MAC Address This field displays the MAC (Media Access Control) address of the computer with the
displayed IP address.
Every Ethernet device has a unique MAC address. The MAC address is assigned at
the factory and consists of six pairs of hexadecimal characters, for example,
00:A0:C5:00:00:02.
Refresh Click Refresh to update this screen.
2.4.4 Status: WLAN Status
Click the WLAN Status hyperlink in the Status screen to view the wireless stations that are
currently associated to the P-660HWP-Dx.
Figure 15 Status: WLAN Status
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 6 Status: WLAN Status
LABEL DESCRIPTION
# This is the index number of an associated wireless station.
MAC Address This field displays the MAC (Media Access Control) address of an associated wireless
station.
Association
TIme
Refresh Click Refresh to reload this screen.
This field displays the time a wireless station first associated with the P-660HWP-Dx.
2.4.5 Status: Bandwidth Status
Click the Bandwidth Status hyperlink in the Status screen. Select an interface from the dropdown list box to view the bandwidth usage of its bandwidth rules. The gray section of the bar
represents the percentage of unused bandwidth and the blue color represents the percentage of
bandwidth in use.
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P-660HWP-Dx User’s Guide
Figure 16 Status: Bandwidth Status
2.4.6 Status: Powerline Statistics
Chapter 2 Introducing the Web Configurator
Click the Powerline Statistics hyperlink in the Status screen. The following screen will
appear.
Figure 17 Status: Powerline
See Figure 46 on page 140 for information on the headings on this screen.
2.4.7 Status: Packet Statistics
Click the Packet Statistics hyperlink in the Status screen. Read-only information here
includes port status and packet specific statistics. Also provided are "system up time" and "poll
interval(s)". The Poll Interval(s) field is configurable. Not all fields are available on all
models
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Chapter 2 Introducing the Web Configurator
Figure 18 Status: Packet Statistics
The following table describes the fields in this screen.
Table 7 Status: Packet Statistics
LABEL DESCRIPTION
System Monitor
System up Time This is the elapsed time the system has been up.
Current Date/Time This field displays your P-660HWP-Dx’s present date and time.
CPU Usage This field specifies the percentage of CPU utilization.
Memory Usage This field specifies the percentage of memory utilization.
WAN Port Statistics
Link Status This is the status of your WAN link.
WAN IP Address This is the IP address of your WAN.
Upstream Speed This is the upstream speed of your P-660HWP-Dx.
Downstream Speed This is the downstream speed of your P-660HWP-Dx.
Node-Link This field displays the remote node index number and link type. Link types are
Status This field displays Down (line is down), Up (line is up or connected) if you're
TxPkts This field displays the number of packets transmitted on this port.
RxPkts This field displays the number of packets received on this port.
Errors This field displays the number of error packets on this port.
Tx B/s This field displays the number of bytes transmitted in the last second.
Rx B/s This field displays the number of bytes received in the last second.
Up Time This field displays the elapsed time this port has been up.
LAN Port Statistics
Interface This field displays the type of port.
Status This field displays Down (line is down), Up (line is up or connected) if you're
TxPkts This field displays the number of packets transmitted on this port.
RxPkts This field displays the number of packets received on this port.
PPPoA, ENET, RFC 1483 and PPPoE.
using Ethernet encapsulation and Down (line is down), Up (line is up or
connected), Idle (line (ppp) idle), Dial (starting to trigger a call) and Drop
(dropping a call) if you're using PPPoE encapsulation.
using Ethernet encapsulation and Down (line is down), Up (line is up or
connected), Idle (line (ppp) idle), Dial (starting to trigger a call) and Drop
(dropping a call) if you're using PPPoE encapsulation.
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Table 7 Status: Packet Statistics (continued)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Collisions This is the number of collisions on this port.
Poll Interval(s) Type the time interval for the browser to refresh system statistics.
Set Interval Click this button to apply the new poll interval you entered in the Poll Interval
field above.
Stop Click this button to halt the refreshing of the system statistics.
2.4.8 Changing Login Password
It is highly recommended that you periodically change the password for accessing the P660HWP-Dx. If you didn’t change the default one after you logged in or you want to change to
a new password again, then click Maintenance > System to display the screen shown next.
See Table 107 on page 266 for detailed field descriptions.
Figure 19 System General
Chapter 2 Introducing the Web Configurator
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P-660HWP-Dx User’s Guide
PART II
Wizards
Wizard Setup for Internet/Wireless Access (59)
Bandwidth Management Wizard (73)
35
36
CHAPTER 3
Wizard Setup for Internet/
Wireless Access
This chapter provides information on the Wizard Setup screens for Internet/Wireless access in
the web configurator.
3.1 Introduction
Use the wizard setup screens to configure your system for Internet/Wireless access with the
information given to you by your ISP.
" See the advanced menu chapters for background information on these fields.
3.2 Internet/Wireless Access Wizard Setup
1 After you enter the admin password to access the web configurator, select Go to Wizard
setup and click Apply. Otherwise, click the wizard icon ( ) in the top right corner of
the web configurator to display the wizard main screen.
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Chapter 3 Wizard Setup for Internet/Wireless Access
Figure 20 Select a Mode
2 Click INTERNET/WIRELESS SETUP to configure the system for Internet access.
Figure 21 Wizard: Welcome
36
3 The wizard attempts to detect which WAN connection type you are using.
If the wizard detects your connection type and your ISP uses PPPoE or PPPoA, go to
Section 3.2.1 on page 37. The screen varies depending on the connection type you use.
If the wizard does not detect a connection type and the following screen appears (see
Figure 22 on page 37), check your hardware connections and click Restart the Internet/
Wireless Setup Wizard to have the P-660HWP-Dx detect your connection again.
P-660HWP-Dx User’s Guide
Chapter 3 Wizard Setup for Internet/Wireless Access
Figure 22 Auto Detection: No DSL Connection
If the wizard still cannot detect a connection type and the following screen appears (see
Figure 23 on page 37), click Next and refer to Section 3.2.2 on page 38 on how to
configure the P-660HWP-Dx for Internet access manually.
Figure 23 Auto Detection: Failed
3.2.1 Automatic Detection
1 If you have a PPPoE or PPPoA connection, a screen displays prompting you to enter
your Internet account information. Enter the username, password and/or service name
exactly as provided.
2 Click Next.
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Chapter 3 Wizard Setup for Internet/Wireless Access
Figure 24 Auto-Detection: PPPoE
3.2.2 Manual Configuration
1 If the P-660HWP-Dx fails to detect your DSL connection type, enter the Internet access
information given to you by your ISP exactly in the wizard screen. If not given, leave the
fields set to the default.
Figure 25 Internet Access Wizard Setup: ISP Parameters
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Chapter 3 Wizard Setup for Internet/Wireless Access
The following table describes the fields in this screen.
Table 8 Internet Access Wizard Setup: ISP Parameters
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Mode From the Mode drop-down list box, select Routing (default) if your ISP allows
Encapsulation Select the encapsulation type your ISP uses from the Encapsulation drop-down list
Multiplexing Select the multiplexing method used by your ISP from the Multiplex drop-down list
Virtual Circuit IDVPI (Virtual Path Identifier) and VCI (Virtual Channel Identifier) define a virtual circuit.
VPI Enter the VPI assigned to you. This field may already be configured.
VCI Enter the VCI assigned to you. This field may already be configured.
Back Click Back to go back to the previous screen.
Next Click Next to continue to the next wizard screen. The next wizard screen you see
Exit Click Exit to close the wizard screen without saving your changes.
multiple computers to share an Internet account. Otherwise select Bridge.
box. Choices vary depending on what you select in the Mode field.
If you select Bridge in the Mode field, select either PPPoA or RFC 1483.
If you select Routing in the Mode field, select PPPoA, RFC 1483, ENET ENCAP or
PPPoE.
box either VC-based or LLC-based.
Refer to the appendix for more information.
depends on what protocol you chose above.
2 The next wizard screen varies depending on what mode and encapsulation type you use.
All screens shown are with routing mode. Configure the fields and click Next to
continue.
Figure 26 Internet Connection with PPPoE
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Chapter 3 Wizard Setup for Internet/Wireless Access
The following table describes the fields in this screen.
Table 9 Internet Connection with PPPoE
LABEL DESCRIPTION
User Name Enter the user name exactly as your ISP assigned. If assigned a name in the form
Password Enter the password associated with the user name above.
Service Name Type the name of your PPPoE service here.
Back Click Back to go back to the previous wizard screen.
Apply Click Apply to save your changes to the P-660HWP-Dx.
Exit Click Exit to close the wizard screen without saving your changes.
Figure 27 Internet Connection with RFC 1483
user@domain where domain identifies a service name, then enter both components
exactly as given.
The following table describes the fields in this screen.
Table 10 Internet Connection with RFC 1483
LABEL DESCRIPTION
IP Address This field is available if you select Routing in the Mode field.
Type your ISP assigned IP address in this field.
Back Click Back to go back to the previous wizard screen.
Next Click Next to continue to the next wizard screen.
Exit Click Exit to close the wizard screen without saving your changes.
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Chapter 3 Wizard Setup for Internet/Wireless Access
Figure 28 Internet Connection with ENET ENCAP
The following table describes the fields in this screen.
Tabl e 11 Internet Connection with ENET ENCAP
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Obtain an IP
Address
Automatically
Static IP
Address
IP Address Enter your ISP assigned IP address.
Subnet Mask Enter a subnet mask in dotted decimal notation.
Gateway IP
address
First DNS
Server
Second DNS
Server
Back Click Back to go back to the previous wizard screen.
Apply Click Apply to save your changes to the P-660HWP-Dx.
Exit Click Exit to close the wizard screen without saving your changes.
A static IP address is a fixed IP that your ISP gives you. A dynamic IP address is not
fixed; the ISP assigns you a different one each time you connect to the Internet.
Select Obtain an IP Address Automatically if you have a dynamic IP address.
Select Static IP Address if your ISP gives you a fixed IP address.
Refer to the appendices to calculate a subnet mask If you are implementing
subnetting.
You must specify a gateway IP address (supplied by your ISP) when you use ENET
ENCAP in the Encapsulation field in the previous screen.
Enter the IP addresses of the DNS servers. The DNS servers are passed to the DHCP
clients along with the IP address and the subnet mask.
As above.
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Chapter 3 Wizard Setup for Internet/Wireless Access
Figure 29 Internet Connection with PPPoA
The following table describes the fields in this screen.
Table 12 Internet Connection with PPPoA
LABEL DESCRIPTION
User Name Enter the login name that your ISP gives you.
Password Enter the password associated with the user name above.
Back Click Back to go back to the previous wizard screen.
Apply Click Apply to save your changes to the P-660HWP-Dx.
Exit Click Exit to close the wizard screen without saving your changes.
• If the user name and/or password you entered for PPPoE or PPPoA connection are not
correct, the screen displays as shown next. Click Back to Username and Password setup
to go back to the screen where you can modify them.
Figure 30 Connection Test Failed-1
• If the following screen displays, check if your account is activated or click Restart the
Internet/Wireless Setup Wizard to verify your Internet access settings.
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Chapter 3 Wizard Setup for Internet/Wireless Access
Figure 31 Connection Test Failed-2.
3.3 Wireless Connection Wizard Setup
After you configure the Internet access information, use the following screens to set up your
wireless LAN. This section is available on the wireless devices only.
1 Select Ye s and click Next to configure wireless settings. Otherwise, select No and skip to
Step 6.
Figure 32 Connection Test Successful
2 Use this screen to activate the wireless LAN and OTIST. Click Next to continue.
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Chapter 3 Wizard Setup for Internet/Wireless Access
Figure 33 Wireless LAN Setup Wizard 1
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 13 Wireless LAN Setup Wizard 1
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Active Select the check box to turn on the wireless LAN.
Enable OTIST Select the check box to enable OTIST if you want to transfer your P-660HWP-
Dx’s SSID and WPA-PSK security settings to wireless clients that support
OTIST and are within transmission range.
You must also activate and start OTIST on the wireless client at the same time.
The process takes three minutes to complete.
Note: Enable OTIST only if your wireless clients support WPA
and OTIST.
Setup Key Type an OTIST Setup Key of up to eight English keyboard characters in length.
Back
Next
Exit Click Exit to close the wizard screen without saving.
Be sure to use the same OTIST Setup Key on the P-660HWP-Dx and wireless
clients.
Click Back to display the previous screen.
Click Next to proceed to the next screen.
3 Configure your wireless settings in this screen. Click Next.
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Chapter 3 Wizard Setup for Internet/Wireless Access
Figure 34 Wireless LAN Setup Wizard 2
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 14 Wireless LAN Setup Wizard 2
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Network Name
(SSID)
Channel
Selection
Security Select Automatically assign a WPA key (Recommended) to have the P-660HWP-
Enter a descriptive name (up to 32 printable 7-bit English keyboard characters) for the
wireless LAN.
If you change this field on the P-660HWP-Dx, make sure all wireless stations use the
same SSID in order to access the network.
The range of radio frequencies used by IEEE 802.11b/g wireless devices is called a
channel. Select a channel ID that is not already in use by a neighboring device.
Dx create a pre-shared key (WPA-PSK) automatically only if your wireless clients
support WPA and OTIST. This option is available only when you enable OTIST in the
previous wizard screen.
Select Manually assign a WPA-PSK key to configure a pre-shared key (WPA-PSK).
Choose this option only if your wireless clients support WPA. See Section 3.3.1 on
page 46 for more information.
Select Manually assign a WEP key to configure a WEP Key. See Section 3.3.2 on
page 46 for more information.
Select Disable wireless security to have no wireless LAN security configured and
your network is accessible to any wireless networking device that is within range.
Note: If you enable OTIST in the previous wizard screen but select
Disable wireless security here, the P-660HWP-Dx still creates
a pre-shared key (WPA-PSK) automatically.
If you enable OTIST and select Manually assign a WEP key,
the P-660HWP-Dx will replace the WEP key with a WPA-PSK.
Back Click Back to display the previous screen.
Next Click Next to proceed to the next screen.
Exit Click Exit to close the wizard screen without saving.
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45
Chapter 3 Wizard Setup for Internet/Wireless Access
" The wireless stations and P-660HWP-Dx must use the same SSID, channel ID
and WEP encryption key (if WEP is enabled), WPA-PSK (if WPA-PSK is enabled)
for wireless communication.
4 This screen varies depending on the security mode you selected in the previous screen.
Fill in the field (if available) and click Next.
3.3.1 Manually assign a WPA-PSK key
Choose Manually assign a WPA-PSK key in the Wireless LAN setup screen to set up a PreShared Key.
Figure 35 Manually assign a WPA key
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 15 Manually assign a WPA key
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Pre-Shared
Key
Back Click Back to display the previous screen.
Next Click Next to proceed to the next screen.
Exit Click Exit to close the wizard screen without saving.
Type from 8 to 63 case-sensitive English keyboard characters. You can set up the
most secure wireless connection by configuring WPA in the wireless LAN screens. You
need to configure an authentication server to do this.
3.3.2 Manually assign a WEP key
Choose Manually assign a WEP key to setup WEP Encryption parameters.
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Chapter 3 Wizard Setup for Internet/Wireless Access
Figure 36 Manually assign a WEP key
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 16 Manually assign a WEP key
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Key The WEP keys are used to encrypt data. Both the P-660HWP-Dx and the wireless
Back Click Back to display the previous screen.
Next Click Next to proceed to the next screen.
Exit Click Exit to close the wizard screen without saving.
stations must use the same WEP key for data transmission.
Enter any 5, 13 or 29 English keyboard characters or 10, 26 or 58 hexadecimal
characters ("0-9", "A-F") for a 64-bit, 128-bit or 256-bit WEP key respectively.
5 Click Apply to save your wireless LAN settings.
Figure 37 Wireless LAN Setup 3
6 Use the read-only summary table to check whether what you have configured is correct.
Click Finish to complete and save the wizard setup.
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47
Chapter 3 Wizard Setup for Internet/Wireless Access
Figure 38 Internet Access and Wireless Wizard Setup Complete
7 Launch your web browser and navigate to www.zyxel.com. Internet access is just the
beginning. Refer to the rest of this guide for more detailed information on the complete
range of P-660HWP-Dx features. If you cannot access the Internet, open the web
configurator again to confirm that the Internet settings you configured in the wizard setup
are correct.
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P-660HWP-Dx User’s Guide
CHAPTER 4
Bandwidth Management Wizard
This chapter shows you how to configure basic bandwidth management using the wizard
screens.
4.1 Introduction
Bandwidth management allows you to control the amount of bandwidth going out through the
P-660HWP-Dx’s WAN port and prioritize the distribution of the bandwidth according to
service bandwidth requirements. This helps keep one service from using all of the available
bandwidth and shutting out other users.
4.2 Predefined Media Bandwidth Management Services
The following is a description of the services that you can select and to which you can apply
media bandwidth management using the wizard screens.
Table 17 Media Bandwidth Management Setup: Services
SERVICE DESCRIPTION
WWW The World Wide Web (WWW) is an Internet system to distribute graphical, hyper-
linked information, based on Hyper Text Transfer Protocol (HTTP) - a client/server
protocol for the World Wide Web. The Web is not synonymous with the Internet;
rather, it is just one service on the Internet. Other services on the Internet include
Internet Relay Chat and Newsgroups. The Web is accessed through use of a
browser.
FTP File Transfer Protocol enables fast transfer of files, including large files that may
not be possible by e-mail. FTP uses port number 21.
E-Mail Electronic mail consists of messages sent through a computer network to specific
groups or individuals. Here are some default ports for e-mail:
POP3 - port 110
IMAP - port 143
SMTP - port 25
HTTP - port 80
Telnet Telnet is the login and terminal emulation protocol common on the Internet and in
UNIX environments. It operates over TCP/IP networks. Its primary function is to
allow users to log into remote host systems. Telnet uses TCP port 23.
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Chapter 4 Bandwidth Management Wizard
Table 17 Media Bandwidth Management Setup: Services (continued)
SERVICE DESCRIPTION
NetMeeting
(H.323)
VoIP (SIP) Sending voice signals over the Internet is called Voice over IP or VoIP. Session
VoIP (H.323) Sending voice signals over the Internet is called Voice over IP or VoIP.
TFTP Trivial File Transfer Protocol is an Internet file transfer protocol similar to FTP, but
A multimedia communications product from Microsoft that enables groups to
teleconference and videoconference over the Internet. NetMeeting supports VoIP,
text chat sessions, a whiteboard, file transfers and application sharing.
NetMeeting uses H.323. H.323 is a standard teleconferencing protocol suite that
provides audio, data and video conferencing. It allows for real-time point-to-point
and multipoint communication between client computers over a packet-based
network that does not provide a guaranteed quality of service.
H.323 is transported primarily over TCP, using the default port number 1720.
Initiated Protocol (SIP) is an internationally recognized standard for implementing
VoIP. SIP is an application-layer control (signaling) protocol that handles the
setting up, altering and tearing down of voice and multimedia sessions over the
Internet.
SIP is transported primarily over UDP but can also be transported over TCP,
using the default port number 5060.
H.323 is a standard teleconferencing protocol suite that provides audio, data and
video conferencing. It allows for real-time point-to-point and multipoint
communication between client computers over a packet-based network that does
not provide a guaranteed quality of service.
H.323 is transported primarily over TCP, using the default port number 1720.
uses the UDP (User Datagram Protocol) rather than TCP (Transmission Control
Protocol).
4.3 Bandwidth Management Wizard Setup
1 After you enter the admin password to access the web configurator, select Go to Wizard
setup and click Apply. Otherwise, click the wizard icon ( ) in the top right corner of
the web configurator to display the wizard main screen.
Figure 39 Select a Mode
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Chapter 4 Bandwidth Management Wizard
2 Click BANDWIDTH MANAGEMENT SETUP to configure the system for Internet
access.
Figure 40 Wizard: Welcome
3 Activate bandwidth management and select to allocate bandwidth to packets based on
the service requirements.
Figure 41 Bandwidth Management Wizard: General Information
The following fields describe the label in this screen.
Table 18 Bandwidth Management Wizard: General Information
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Active Select the Active check box to have the P-660HWP-Dx apply bandwidth
Back Click Back to display the previous screen.
Next Click Next to proceed to the next screen.
Exit Click Exit to close the wizard screen without saving.
management to traffic going out through the P-660HWP-Dx’s port(s).
Select Services Setup to allocate bandwidth based on the service requirements.
4 Use the second wizard screen to select the services that you want to apply bandwidth
management and select the priorities that you want to apply to the services listed.
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Chapter 4 Bandwidth Management Wizard
Figure 42 Bandwidth Management Wizard: Configuration
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 19 Bandwidth Management Wizard: Configuration
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Active Select an entry’s Active check box to turn on bandwidth management for the service/
application.
Service These fields display the services names.
Priority Select High, Mid or Low priority for each service to have your P-660HWP-Dx use a
priority for traffic that matches that service.
A service with High priority is given as much bandwidth as it needs.
If you select services as having the same priority, then bandwidth is divided equally
amongst those services.
Services not specified in bandwidth management are allocated bandwidth after all
specified services receive their bandwidth requirements.
If the rules set up in this wizard are changed in Advanced > Bandwidth MGMT >
Rule Setup, then the service priority radio button will be set to User Configured.
The Advanced > Bandwidth MGMT > Rule Setup screen allows you to edit these
rule configurations.
Back Click Back to go back to the previous wizard screen.
Apply Click Apply to save your changes to the P-660HWP-Dx.
Exit Click Exit to close the wizard screen without saving your changes.
5 Follow the on-screen instructions and click Finish to complete the wizard setup and save
your configuration.
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Chapter 4 Bandwidth Management Wizard
Figure 43 Bandwidth Management Wizard: Complete
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Chapter 4 Bandwidth Management Wizard
54
P-660HWP-Dx User’s Guide
PART III
Network
WA N S e tu p ( 81)
LAN Setup (99)
Wireless LAN (111)
Powerline (135)
Network Address Translation (NAT) (143)
35
36
CHAPTER 5
WAN Setup
This chapter describes how to configure WAN settings.
5.1 WAN Overview
A WAN (Wide Area Network) is an outside connection to another network or the Internet.
5.1.1 Encapsulation
Be sure to use the encapsulation method required by your ISP. The P-660HWP-Dx supports
the following methods.
5.1.1.1 ENET ENCAP
The MAC Encapsulated Routing Link Protocol (ENET ENCAP) is only implemented with the
IP network protocol. IP packets are routed between the Ethernet interface and the WAN
interface and then formatted so that they can be understood in a bridged environment. For
instance, it encapsulates routed Ethernet frames into bridged ATM cells. ENET ENCAP
requires that you specify a gateway IP address in the ENET ENCAP Gateway field in the
second wizard screen. You can get this information from your ISP.
5.1.1.2 PPP over Ethernet
PPPoE (Point-to-Point Protocol over Ethernet) provides access control and billing
functionality in a manner similar to dial-up services using PPP. PPPoE is an IETF standard
(RFC 2516) specifying how a personal computer (PC) interacts with a broadband modem
(DSL, cable, etc.) connection.
For the service provider, PPPoE offers an access and authentication method that works with
existing access control systems (for example RADIUS).
One of the benefits of PPPoE is the ability to let you access one of multiple network services,
a function known as dynamic service selection. This enables the service provider to easily
create and offer new IP services for individuals.
Operationally, PPPoE saves significant effort for both you and the ISP or carrier, as it requires
no specific configuration of the broadband modem at the customer site.
By implementing PPPoE directly on the P-660HWP-Dx (rather than individual computers),
the computers on the LAN do not need PPPoE software installed, since the P-660HWP-Dx
does that part of the task. Furthermore, with NAT, all of the LANs’ computers will have
access.
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Chapter 5 WAN Setup
5.1.1.3 PPPoA
PPPoA stands for Point to Point Protocol over ATM Adaptation Layer 5 (AAL5). A PPPoA
connection functions like a dial-up Internet connection. The P-660HWP-Dx encapsulates the
PPP session based on RFC1483 and sends it through an ATM PVC (Permanent Virtual
Circuit) to the Internet Service Provider’s (ISP) DSLAM (digital access multiplexer). Please
refer to RFC 2364 for more information on PPPoA. Refer to RFC 1661 for more information
on PPP.
5.1.1.4 RFC 1483
RFC 1483 describes two methods for Multiprotocol Encapsulation over ATM Adaptation
Layer 5 (AAL5). The first method allows multiplexing of multiple protocols over a single
ATM virtual circuit (LLC-based multiplexing) and the second method assumes that each
protocol is carried over a separate ATM virtual circuit (VC-based multiplexing). Please refer
to the RFC for more detailed information.
5.1.2 Multiplexing
There are two conventions to identify what protocols the virtual circuit (VC) is carrying. Be
sure to use the multiplexing method required by your ISP.
5.1.2.1 VC-based Multiplexing
In this case, by prior mutual agreement, each protocol is assigned to a specific virtual circuit;
for example, VC1 carries IP, etc. VC-based multiplexing may be dominant in environments
where dynamic creation of large numbers of ATM VCs is fast and economical.
5.1.2.2 LLC-based Multiplexing
In this case one VC carries multiple protocols with protocol identifying information being
contained in each packet header. Despite the extra bandwidth and processing overhead, this
method may be advantageous if it is not practical to have a separate VC for each carried
protocol, for example, if charging heavily depends on the number of simultaneous VCs.
5.1.3 Encapsulation and Multiplexing Scenarios
For Internet access you should use the encapsulation and multiplexing methods used by your
ISP. Consult your telephone company for information on encapsulation and multiplexing
methods for LAN-to-LAN applications, for example between a branch office and corporate
headquarters. There must be prior agreement on encapsulation and multiplexing methods
because they cannot be automatically determined. What method(s) you use also depends on
how many VCs you have and how many different network protocols you need. The extra
overhead that ENET ENCAP encapsulation entails makes it a poor choice in a LAN-to-LAN
application. Here are some examples of more suitable combinations in such an application.
5.1.3.1 Scenario 1: One VC, Multiple Protocols
PPPoA (RFC-2364) encapsulation with VC-based multiplexing is the best combination
because no extra protocol identifying headers are needed. The PPP protocol already contains
this information.
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P-660HWP-Dx User’s Guide
5.1.3.2 Scenario 2: One VC, One Protocol (IP)
Selecting RFC-1483 encapsulation with VC-based multiplexing requires the least amount of
overhead (0 octets). However, if there is a potential need for multiple protocol support in the
future, it may be safer to select PPPoA encapsulation instead of RFC-1483, so you do not
need to reconfigure either computer later.
5.1.3.3 Scenario 3: Multiple VCs
If you have an equal number (or more) of VCs than the number of protocols, then select RFC1483 encapsulation and VC-based multiplexing.
5.1.4 VPI and VCI
Be sure to use the correct Virtual Path Identifier (VPI) and Virtual Channel Identifier (VCI)
numbers assigned to you. The valid range for the VPI is 0 to 255 and for the VCI is 32 to
65535 (0 to 31 is reserved for local management of ATM traffic). Please see the appendix for
more information.
5.1.5 IP Address Assignment
Chapter 5 WAN Setup
A static IP is a fixed IP that your ISP gives you. A dynamic IP is not fixed; the ISP assigns you
a different one each time. The Single User Account feature can be enabled or disabled if you
have either a dynamic or static IP. However the encapsulation method assigned influences
your choices for IP address and ENET ENCAP gateway.
5.1.5.1 IP Assignment with PPPoA or PPPoE Encapsulation
If you have a dynamic IP, then the IP Address and ENET ENCAP Gateway fields are not
applicable (N/A). If you have a static IP, then you only need to fill in the IP Address field and
not the ENET ENCAP Gateway field.
5.1.5.2 IP Assignment with RFC 1483 Encapsulation
In this case the IP Address Assignment must be static with the same requirements for the IP
Address and ENET ENCAP Gateway fields as stated above.
5.1.5.3 IP Assignment with ENET ENCAP Encapsulation
In this case you can have either a static or dynamic IP. For a static IP you must fill in all the IP
Address and ENET ENCAP Gateway fields as supplied by your ISP. However for a
dynamic IP, the P-660HWP-Dx acts as a DHCP client on the WAN port and so the IP
Address and ENET ENCAP Gateway fields are not applicable (N/A) as the DHCP server
assigns them to the P-660HWP-Dx.
5.1.6 Nailed-Up Connection (PPP)
A nailed-up connection is a dial-up line where the connection is always up regardless of traffic
demand. The P-660HWP-Dx does two things when you specify a nailed-up connection. The
first is that idle timeout is disabled. The second is that the P-660HWP-Dx will try to bring up
the connection when turned on and whenever the connection is down. A nailed-up connection
can be very expensive for obvious reasons.
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Chapter 5 WAN Setup
Do not specify a nailed-up connection unless your telephone company offers flat-rate service
or you need a constant connection and the cost is of no concern
5.1.7 NAT
NAT (Network Address Translation - NAT, RFC 1631) is the translation of the IP address of a
host in a packet, for example, the source address of an outgoing packet, used within one
network to a different IP address known within another network.
5.2 Metric
The metric represents the "cost of transmission". A router determines the best route for
transmission by choosing a path with the lowest "cost". RIP routing uses hop count as the
measurement of cost, with a minimum of "1" for directly connected networks. The number
must be between "1" and "15"; a number greater than "15" means the link is down. The
smaller the number, the lower the "cost".
The metric sets the priority for the P-660HWP-Dx’s routes to the Internet. If any two of the
default routes have the same metric, the P-660HWP-Dx uses the following pre-defined
priorities:
• Normal route: designated by the ISP (see Section 5.5 on page 40)
• Traffic-redirect route (see Section 5.7 on page 49)
• WAN-backup route, also called dial-backup (see Section 5.8 on page 49)
For example, if the normal route has a metric of "1" and the traffic-redirect route has a metric
of "2" and dial-backup route has a metric of "3", then the normal route acts as the primary
default route. If the normal route fails to connect to the Internet, the P-660HWP-Dx tries the
traffic-redirect route next. In the same manner, the P-660HWP-Dx uses the dial-backup route
if the traffic-redirect route also fails.
If you want the dial-backup route to take first priority over the traffic-redirect route or even the
normal route, all you need to do is set the dial-backup route’s metric to "1" and the others to
"2" (or greater).
IP Policy Routing overrides the default routing behavior and takes priority over all of the
routes mentioned above.
5.3 Traffic Shaping
Traffic Shaping is an agreement between the carrier and the subscriber to regulate the average
rate and fluctuations of data transmission over an ATM network. This agreement helps
eliminate congestion, which is important for transmission of real time data such as audio and
video connections.
38
Peak Cell Rate (PCR) is the maximum rate at which the sender can send cells. This parameter
may be lower (but not higher) than the maximum line speed. 1 ATM cell is 53 bytes (424 bits),
so a maximum speed of 832Kbps gives a maximum PCR of 1962 cells/sec. This rate is not
guaranteed because it is dependent on the line speed.
P-660HWP-Dx User’s Guide
Chapter 5 WAN Setup
Sustained Cell Rate (SCR) is the mean cell rate of each bursty traffic source. It specifies the
maximum average rate at which cells can be sent over the virtual connection. SCR may not be
greater than the PCR.
Maximum Burst Size (MBS) is the maximum number of cells that can be sent at the PCR.
After MBS is reached, cell rates fall below SCR until cell rate averages to the SCR again. At
this time, more cells (up to the MBS) can be sent at the PCR again.
If the PCR, SCR or MBS is set to the default of "0", the system will assign a maximum value
that correlates to your upstream line rate.
The following figure illustrates the relationship between PCR, SCR and MBS.
Figure 44 Example of Traffic Shaping
5.3.1 ATM Traffic Classes
These are the basic ATM traffic classes defined by the ATM Forum Traffic Management 4.0
Specification.
5.3.1.1 Constant Bit Rate (CBR)
Constant Bit Rate (CBR) provides fixed bandwidth that is always available even if no data is
being sent. CBR traffic is generally time-sensitive (doesn't tolerate delay). CBR is used for
connections that continuously require a specific amount of bandwidth. A PCR is specified and
if traffic exceeds this rate, cells may be dropped. Examples of connections that need CBR
would be high-resolution video and voice.
5.3.1.2 Variable Bit Rate (VBR)
The Variable Bit Rate (VBR) ATM traffic class is used with bursty connections. Connections
that use the Variable Bit Rate (VBR) traffic class can be grouped into real time (VBR-RT) or
non-real time (VBR-nRT) connections.
The VBR-RT (real-time Variable Bit Rate) type is used with bursty connections that require
closely controlled delay and delay variation. It also provides a fixed amount of bandwidth (a
PCR is specified) but is only available when data is being sent. An example of an VBR-RT
connection would be video conferencing. Video conferencing requires real-time data transfers
and the bandwidth requirement varies in proportion to the video image's changing dynamics.
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Chapter 5 WAN Setup
The VBR-nRT (non real-time Variable Bit Rate) type is used with bursty connections that do
not require closely controlled delay and delay variation. It is commonly used for "bursty"
traffic typical on LANs. PCR and MBS define the burst levels, SCR defines the minimum
level. An example of an VBR-nRT connection would be non-time sensitive data file transfers.
5.3.1.3 Unspecified Bit Rate (UBR)
The Unspecified Bit Rate (UBR) ATM traffic class is for bursty data transfers. However, UBR
doesn't guarantee any bandwidth and only delivers traffic when the network has spare
bandwidth. An example application is background file transfer.
5.4 Zero Configuration Internet Access
Once you turn on and connect the P-660HWP-Dx to a telephone jack, it automatically detects
the Internet connection settings (such as the VCI/VPI numbers and the encapsulation method)
from the ISP and makes the necessary configuration changes. In cases where additional
account information (such as an Internet account user name and password) is required or the
P-660HWP-Dx cannot connect to the ISP, you will be redirected to web screen(s) for
information input or troubleshooting.
Zero configuration for Internet access is disable when
• the P-660HWP-Dx is in bridge mode
• you set the P-660HWP-Dx to use a static (fixed) WAN IP address.
5.5 Internet Connection
To change your P-660HWP-Dx’s WAN Internet access settings, click Network > WAN. The
screen differs by the encapsulation.
See Section 5.1 on page 35 for more information.
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P-660HWP-Dx User’s Guide
Figure 45 Internet Connection (PPPoE)
Chapter 5 WAN Setup
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 20 Internet Connection
LABEL DESCRIPTION
General
Name Enter the name of your Internet Service Provider, e.g., MyISP. This information
is for identification purposes only.
Mode Select Routing (default) from the drop-down list box if your ISP allows multiple
Encapsulation Select the method of encapsulation used by your ISP from the drop-down list
User Name (PPPoA and PPPoE encapsulation only) Enter the user name exactly as your
Password (PPPoA and PPPoE encapsulation only) Enter the password associated with the
Service Name (PPPoE only) Type the name of your PPPoE service here.
Multiplexing Select the method of multiplexing used by your ISP from the drop-down list.
Virtual Circuit ID VPI (Virtual Path Identifier) and VCI (Virtual Channel Identifier) define a virtual
computers to share an Internet account. Otherwise select Bridge.
box. Choices vary depending on the mode you select in the Mode field.
If you select Bridge in the Mode field, select either PPPoA or RFC 1483.
If you select Routing in the Mode field, select PPPoA, RFC 1483, ENET
ENCAP or PPPoE.
ISP assigned. If assigned a name in the form user@domain where domain
identifies a service name, then enter both components exactly as given.
user name above.
Choices are VC or LLC.
circuit. Refer to the appendix for more information.
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Chapter 5 WAN Setup
Table 20 Internet Connection (continued)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
VPI The valid range for the VPI is 0 to 255. Enter the VPI assigned to you.
VCI The valid range for the VCI is 32 to 65535 (0 to 31 is reserved for local
IP Address This option is available if you select Routing in the Mode field.
Obtain an IP
Address
Automatically
Static IP Address Select this if your ISP gave you a fixed IP address. Enter the IP address you
IP Address If your ISP gave you an IP address to use, enter it here.
Subnet Mask
(ENET ENCAP
encapsulation only)
Gateway IP address
(ENET ENCAP
encapsulation only)
Connection
(PPPoA and PPPoE
encapsulation only)
Nailed-Up
Connection
Connect on
Demand
Max Idle Timeout Specify an idle time-out in the Max Idle Timeout field when you select Connect
Apply Click Apply to save the changes.
Cancel Click Cancel to begin configuring this screen afresh.
Advanced Setup Click this button to display the Advanced Internet Connection Setup screen
management of ATM traffic). Enter the VCI assigned to you.
Select this if you get a dynamic IP address from your Internet Service Provider
(ISP). A dynamic IP address is not fixed; your ISP assigns you a different one
each time you connect to the Internet.
This option is not available if you select RFC 1483 in the Encapsulation field.
were given in the IP Address field.
Enter a subnet mask in dotted decimal notation.
Refer to the appendices to calculate a subnet mask If you are implementing
subnetting.
You must specify a gateway IP address (supplied by your ISP) when you select
ENET ENCAP in the Encapsulation field
Select Nailed-Up Connection when you want your connection up all the time.
The P-660HWP-Dx will try to bring up the connection automatically if it is
disconnected.
Select Connect on Demand when you don't want the connection up all the time
and specify an idle time-out in the Max Idle Timeout field.
on Demand. The default setting is 0, which means the Internet session will not
timeout.
and edit more details of your WAN setup.
5.5.1 Configuring Advanced Internet Connection Setup
To edit your P-660HWP-Dx's advanced WAN settings, click the Advanced Setup button in
the Internet Connection screen. The screen appears as shown.
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P-660HWP-Dx User’s Guide
Figure 46 Advanced Internet Connection Setup
Chapter 5 WAN Setup
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 21 Advanced Internet Connection Setup
LABEL DESCRIPTION
RIP & Multicast
Setup
RIP Direction Select the RIP direction from None, Both, In Only and Out Only.
RIP Version Select the RIP version from RIP-1, RIP-2B and RIP-2M.
Multicast IGMP (Internet Group Multicast Protocol) is a network-layer protocol used to
ATM Q oS
ATM QoS Type Select CBR (Continuous Bit Rate) to specify fixed (always-on) bandwidth for voice
Peak Cell Rate Divide the DSL line rate (bps) by 424 (the size of an ATM cell) to find the Peak Cell
Sustain Cell Rate The Sustain Cell Rate (SCR) sets the average cell rate (long-term) that can be
Maximum Burst
Size
establish membership in a multicast group. The P-660HWP-Dx supports both
IGMP version 1 (IGMP-v1) and IGMP-v2. Select None to disable it.
or data traffic. Select UBR (Unspecified Bit Rate) for applications that are non-time
sensitive, such as e-mail. Select VBR-nRT (Variable Bit Rate-non Real Time) or
VBR-RT (Variable Bit Rate-Real Time) for bursty traffic and bandwidth sharing with
other applications.
Rate (PCR). This is the maximum rate at which the sender can send cells. Type the
PCR here.
transmitted. Type the SCR, which must be less than the PCR. Note that system
default is 0 cells/sec.
Maximum Burst Size (MBS) refers to the maximum number of cells that can be
sent at the peak rate. Type the MBS, which is less than 65535.
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Chapter 5 WAN Setup
Table 21 Advanced Internet Connection Setup (continued)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Zero
Configuration
PPPoE
Passthrough
Back Click Back to return to the previous screen.
Apply Click Apply to save the changes.
Cancel Click Cancel to begin configuring this screen afresh.
This feature is not applicable/available when you configure the P-660HWP-Dx to
use a static WAN IP address or in bridge mode.
Select Yes to set the P-660HWP-Dx to automatically detect the Internet connection
settings (such as the VCI/VPI numbers and the encapsulation method) from the
ISP and make the necessary configuration changes.
Select No to disable this feature. You must manually configure the P-660HWP-Dx
for Internet access.
This feature is available when you select PPPoE encapsulation.
In addition to the P-660HWP-Dx's built-in PPPoE client, you can enable PPPoE
pass through to allow up to ten hosts on the LAN to use PPPoE client software on
their computers to connect to the ISP via the P-660HWP-Dx. Each host can have a
separate account and a public WAN IP address.
PPPoE pass through is an alternative to NAT for application where NAT is not
appropriate.
Disable PPPoE pass through if you do not need to allow hosts on the LAN to use
PPPoE client software on their computers to connect to the ISP.
5.6 Configuring More Connections
This section describes the protocol-independent parameters for a remote network. They are
required for placing calls to a remote gateway and the network behind it across a WAN
connection. When you use the WAN > Internet Connection screen to set up Internet access,
you are configuring the first WAN connection.
Click Network > WAN > More Connections to display the screen as shown next.
Figure 47 More Connections
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P-660HWP-Dx User’s Guide
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 22 More Connections
LABEL DESCRIPTION
# This is the index number of a connection.
Active This display whether this connection is activated. Clear the check box to disable
the connection. Select the check box to enable it.
Name This is the descriptive name for this connection.
VPI/VCI This is the VPI and VCI values used for this connection.
Encapsulation This is the method of encapsulation used for this connection.
Modify The first (ISP) connection is read-only in this screen. Use the WAN > Internet
Connection screen to edit it.
Click the edit icon to go to the screen where you can edit the connection.
Click the delete icon to remove an existing connection. You cannot remove the
first connection.
Apply Click Apply to save the changes.
Cancel Click Cancel to begin configuring this screen afresh.
5.6.1 More Connections Edit
Chapter 5 WAN Setup
Click the edit icon ( ) in the More Connections screen to configure a connection.
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Chapter 5 WAN Setup
Figure 48 More Connections Edit
46
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 23 More Connections Edit
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Active Select the check box to activate or clear the check box to deactivate this
connection.
Name Enter a unique, descriptive name of up to 13 English keyboard characters for
this connection.
Mode Select Routing from the drop-down list box if your ISP allows multiple
computers to share an Internet account.
If you select Bridge, the P-660HWP-Dx will forward any packet that it does not
route to this remote node; otherwise, the packets are discarded.
Encapsulation Select the method of encapsulation used by your ISP from the drop-down list
box. Choices are PPPoA, RFC 1483, ENET ENCAP or PPPoE.
User Name (PPPoA and PPPoE encapsulation only) Enter the user name exactly as your
ISP assigned. If assigned a name in the form user@domain where domain
identifies a service name, then enter both components exactly as given.
Password (PPPoA and PPPoE encapsulation only) Enter the password associated with the
user name above.
Service Name (PPPoE only) Type the name of your PPPoE service here.
P-660HWP-Dx User’s Guide
Chapter 5 WAN Setup
Table 23 More Connections Edit (continued)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Multiplexing Select the method of multiplexing used by your ISP from the drop-down list.
Choices are VC or LLC.
By prior agreement, a protocol is assigned a specific virtual circuit, for example,
VC1 will carry IP. If you select VC, specify separate VPI and VCI numbers for
each protocol.
For LLC-based multiplexing or PPP encapsulation, one VC carries multiple
protocols with protocol identifying information being contained in each packet
header. In this case, only one set of VPI and VCI numbers need be specified for
all protocols.
VPI The valid range for the VPI is 0 to 255. Enter the VPI assigned to you.
VCI The valid range for the VCI is 32 to 65535 (0 to 31 is reserved for local
IP Address This option is available if you select Routing in the Mode field.
Obtain an IP
Address
Automatically
Static IP Address Select this if your ISP gave you a fixed IP address. Enter the IP address you
IP Address If your ISP gave you an IP address to use, enter it here.
Subnet Mask Enter a subnet mask in dotted decimal notation.
Gateway IP address Specify a gateway IP address (supplied by your ISP).
Connection
Nailed-Up
Connection
Connect on
Demand
Max Idle Timeout Specify an idle time-out in the Max Idle Timeout field when you select Connect
NAT NAT is the translation of the IP address of a host in a packet, for example, the
None Select None to disable NAT.
SUA Only SUA only is available only when you select Routing in the Mode field.
Back Click Back to return to the previous screen.
Apply Click Apply to save the changes.
Cancel Click Cancel to begin configuring this screen afresh.
Advanced Setup Click this button to display the More Connections Advanced screen and edit
management of ATM traffic). Enter the VCI assigned to you.
Select this if you get a dynamic IP address from your Internet Service Provider
(ISP). A dynamic IP address is not fixed; your ISP assigns you a different one
each time you connect to the Internet.
This option is not available if you select RFC 1483 in the Encapsulation field.
were given in the IP Address field.
Refer to the appendices to calculate a subnet mask If you are implementing
subnetting.
Select Nailed-Up Connection when you want your connection up all the time.
The P-660HWP-Dx will try to bring up the connection automatically if it is
disconnected.
Select Connect on Demand when you don't want the connection up all the time
and specify an idle time-out in the Max Idle Timeout field.
on Demand. The default setting is 0, which means the Internet session will not
timeout.
source address of an outgoing packet, used within one network to a different IP
address known within another network.
Select SUA Only if you have one public IP address and want to use NAT. Click
Edit to go to the Port Forwarding screen to edit a server mapping set.
more details of your WAN setup.
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Chapter 5 WAN Setup
5.6.2 Configuring More Connections Advanced Setup
To edit your P-660HWP-Dx's advanced WAN settings, click the Advanced Setup button in
the More Connections Edit screen. The screen appears as shown.
Figure 49 More Connections Advanced Setup
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 24 More Connections Advanced Setup
LABEL DESCRIPTION
RIP & Multicast
Setup
RIP Direction Select the RIP direction from None, Both, In Only and Out Only.
RIP Version Select the RIP version from RIP-1, RIP-2B and RIP-2M.
Multicast IGMP (Internet Group Multicast Protocol) is a network-layer protocol used to
establish membership in a multicast group. The P-660HWP-Dx supports both
IGMP version 1 (IGMP-v1) and IGMP-v2. Select None to disable it.
ATM Q oS
ATM QoS Type Select CBR (Continuous Bit Rate) to specify fixed (always-on) bandwidth for voice
Peak Cell Rate Divide the DSL line rate (bps) by 424 (the size of an ATM cell) to find the Peak Cell
Sustain Cell Rate The Sustain Cell Rate (SCR) sets the average cell rate (long-term) that can be
Maximum Burst
Size
Back Click Back to return to the previous screen.
Apply Click Apply to save the changes.
Cancel Click Cancel to begin configuring this screen afresh.
or data traffic. Select UBR (Unspecified Bit Rate) for applications that are non-time
sensitive, such as e-mail. Select VBR-nRT (Variable Bit Rate-non Real Time) or
VBR-RT (Variable Bit Rate-Real Time) for bursty traffic and bandwidth sharing with
other applications.
Rate (PCR). This is the maximum rate at which the sender can send cells. Type the
PCR here.
transmitted. Type the SCR, which must be less than the PCR. Note that system
default is 0 cells/sec.
Maximum Burst Size (MBS) refers to the maximum number of cells that can be
sent at the peak rate. Type the MBS, which is less than 65535.
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P-660HWP-Dx User’s Guide
5.7 Traffic Redirect
Traffic redirect forwards traffic to a backup gateway when the P-660HWP-Dx cannot connect
to the Internet. An example is shown in the figure below.
Figure 50 Traffic Redirect Example
The following network topology allows you to avoid triangle route security issues when the
backup gateway is connected to the LAN. Use IP alias to configure the LAN into two or three
logical networks with the P-660HWP-Dx itself as the gateway for each LAN network. Put the
protected LAN in one subnet (Subnet 1 in the following figure) and the backup gateway in
another subnet (Subnet 2). Configure filters that allow packets from the protected LAN
(Subnet 1) to the backup gateway (Subnet 2).
Chapter 5 WAN Setup
Figure 51 Traffic Redirect LAN Setup
5.8 Configuring WAN Backup
To change your P-660HWP-Dx’s WAN backup settings, click Network > WAN > WA N
Backup Setup. The screen appears as shown.
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Chapter 5 WAN Setup
Figure 52 WAN Backup Setup
The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 25 WAN Backup Setup
LABEL DESCRIPTION
WAN Backup
Setup
Backup Type Select the method that the P-660HWP-Dx uses to check the DSL connection.
Select DSL Link to have the P-660HWP-Dx check if the connection to the DSLAM
is up. Select ICMP to have the P-660HWP-Dx periodically ping the IP addresses
configured in the Check WAN IP Address fields.
Check WAN IP
Address1-3
Configure this field to test your P-660HWP-Dx's WAN accessibility. Type the IP
address of a reliable nearby computer (for example, your ISP's DNS server
address).
Note: If you activate either traffic redirect or dial backup, you
must configure at least one IP address here.
When using a WAN backup connection, the P-660HWP-Dx periodically pings the
addresses configured here and uses the other WAN backup connection (if
configured) if there is no response.
Fail Tolerance Type the number of times (2 recommended) that your P-660HWP-Dx may ping the
IP addresses configured in the Check WAN IP Address field without getting a
response before switching to a WAN backup connection (or a different WAN
backup connection).
Recovery Interval When the P-660HWP-Dx is using a lower priority connection (usually a WAN
backup connection), it periodically checks to whether or not it can use a higher
priority connection.
Type the number of seconds (30 recommended) for the P-660HWP-Dx to wait
between checks. Allow more time if your destination IP address handles lots of
traffic.
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Chapter 5 WAN Setup
Table 25 WAN Backup Setup (continued)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Timeout Type the number of seconds (3 recommended) for your P-660HWP-Dx to wait for a
ping response from one of the IP addresses in the Check WAN IP Address field
before timing out the request. The WAN connection is considered "down" after the
P-660HWP-Dx times out the number of times specified in the Fail Tolerance field.
Use a higher value in this field if your network is busy or congested.
Traffic Redirect Traffic redirect forwards traffic to a backup gateway when the P-660HWP-Dx
Active Traffic
Redirect
cannot connect to the Internet.
Select this check box to have the P-660HWP-Dx use traffic redirect if the normal
WAN connection goes down.
Note: If you activate traffic redirect, you must configure at least
one Check WAN IP Address.
Metric This field sets this route's priority among the routes the P-660HWP-Dx uses.
The metric represents the "cost of transmission". A router determines the best
route for transmission by choosing a path with the lowest "cost". RIP routing uses
hop count as the measurement of cost, with a minimum of "1" for directly
connected networks. The number must be between "1" and "15"; a number greater
than "15" means the link is down. The smaller the number, the lower the "cost".
Backup Gateway Type the IP address of your backup gateway in dotted decimal notation. The P-
660HWP-Dx automatically forwards traffic to this IP address if the P-660HWP-Dx's
Internet connection terminates.
Apply Click Apply to save the changes.
Cancel Click Cancel to begin configuring this screen afresh.
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P-660HWP-Dx User’s Guide
CHAPTER 6
LAN Setup
This chapter describes how to configure LAN settings.
6.1 LAN Overview
A Local Area Network (LAN) is a shared communication system to which many computers
are attached. A LAN is a computer network limited to the immediate area, usually the same
building or floor of a building. The LAN screens can help you configure a LAN DHCP server
and manage IP addresses.
See Section 6.3 on page 40 to configure the LAN screens.
6.1.1 LANs, WANs and the P-660HWP-Dx
The actual physical connection determines whether the P-660HWP-Dx ports are LAN or
WAN ports. There are two separate IP networks, one inside the LAN network and the other
outside the WAN network as shown next.
Figure 53 LAN and WAN IP Addresses
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Chapter 6 LAN Setup
6.1.2 DHCP Setup
DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol, RFC 2131 and RFC 2132) allows individual
clients to obtain TCP/IP configuration at start-up from a server. You can configure the P660HWP-Dx as a DHCP server or disable it. When configured as a server, the P-660HWP-Dx
provides the TCP/IP configuration for the clients. If you turn DHCP service off, you must
have another DHCP server on your LAN, or else the computer must be manually configured.
6.1.2.1 IP Pool Setup
The P-660HWP-Dx is pre-configured with a pool of IP addresses for the DHCP clients
(DHCP Pool). See the product specifications in the appendices. Do not assign static IP
addresses from the DHCP pool to your LAN computers.
6.1.3 DNS Server Address
DNS (Domain Name System) is for mapping a domain name to its corresponding IP address
and vice versa. The DNS server is extremely important because without it, you must know the
IP address of a machine before you can access it. The DNS server addresses that you enter in
the DHCP setup are passed to the client machines along with the assigned IP address and
subnet mask.
There are two ways that an ISP disseminates the DNS server addresses. The first is for an ISP
to tell a customer the DNS server addresses, usually in the form of an information sheet, when
s/he signs up. If your ISP gives you the DNS server addresses, enter them in the DNS Server
fields in DHCP Setup, otherwise, leave them blank.
Some ISP’s choose to pass the DNS servers using the DNS server extensions of PPP IPCP (IP
Control Protocol) after the connection is up. If your ISP did not give you explicit DNS servers,
chances are the DNS servers are conveyed through IPCP negotiation. The P-660HWP-Dx
supports the IPCP DNS server extensions through the DNS proxy feature.
If the Primary and Secondary DNS Server fields in the DHCP Setup screen are not
specified, for instance, left as 0.0.0.0, the P-660HWP-Dx tells the DHCP clients that it itself is
the DNS server. When a computer sends a DNS query to the P-660HWP-Dx, the P-660HWPDx forwards the query to the real DNS server learned through IPCP and relays the response
back to the computer.
Please note that DNS proxy works only when the ISP uses the IPCP DNS server extensions. It
does not mean you can leave the DNS servers out of the DHCP setup under all circumstances.
If your ISP gives you explicit DNS servers, make sure that you enter their IP addresses in the
DHCP Setup screen. This way, the P-660HWP-Dx can pass the DNS servers to the computers
and the computers can query the DNS server directly without the P-660HWP-Dx’s
intervention.
6.1.4 DNS Server Address Assignment
36
Use DNS (Domain Name System) to map a domain name to its corresponding IP address and
vice versa. The DNS server is extremely important because without it, you must know the IP
address of a computer before you can access it.
There are two ways that an ISP disseminates the DNS server addresses.
P-660HWP-Dx User’s Guide
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