Page 1
Default Login Details
User’s Guide
VMG8825-B Series
Dual Band Wireless AC/N VDSL2 IAD with USB
LAN IP Address http://192.168.1.1
Login
Password See the device label
admin
Version 5.13 Edition 1, 08/2018
Copyright © 2018 Zyxel Communications Corporation
Page 2
IMPORTANT!
READ CAREFULLY BEFORE USE.
KEEP THIS GUIDE FOR FUTURE REFERENCE.
This is a User’s Guide for a system managing a series of products. Not all products support all features.
Menushots and graphics in this book may differ slightly from what you see due to differences in release
versions or your computer operating system. Every effort has been made to ensure that the information
in this manual is accurate.
Related Documentation
•Quick Start Guide
The Quick Start Guide shows how to connect the managed device
•More Information
Go to support.zyxel.com to find other information on the VMG
.
VMG8825-B Series User’s Guide
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Contents Overview
Contents Overview
User’s Guide ......................................................................................................................................15
Introducing the VMG ........................................................................................................................... 16
The Web Configurator ......................................................................................................................... 27
Quick Start ............................................................................................................................................. 34
Tutorials .................................................................................................................................................. 36
Technical Reference ........................................................................................................................65
Network Map and Status Screens ...................................................................................................... 66
Broadband ............................................................................................................................................ 71
Wireless ................................................................................................................................................... 96
Home Networking ............................................................................................................................... 126
Routing ................................................................................................................................................. 142
Quality of Service (QoS) .................................................................................................................... 149
Network Address Translation (NAT) ................................................................................................... 167
Dynamic DNS Setup ........................................................................................................................... 183
IGMP/MLD ........................................................................................................................................... 187
Vlan Group .......................................................................................................................................... 190
Interface Grouping ............................................................................................................................ 192
USB Service .......................................................................................................................................... 197
Home Connectivity ............................................................................................................................ 203
Firewall ................................................................................................................................................. 205
MAC Filter ............................................................................................................................................ 212
Parental Control ................................................................................................................................. 214
Scheduler Rule .................................................................................................................................... 219
Certificates .......................................................................................................................................... 221
Voice .................................................................................................................................................... 228
Log ....................................................................................................................................................... 257
Traffic Status ....................................................................................................................................... 260
VoIP Status .......................................................................................................................................... 264
ARP Table ............................................................................................................................................ 267
Routing Table ...................................................................................................................................... 269
Multicast Status .................................................................................................................................. 271
xDSL Statistics ....................................................................................................................................... 273
WLAN Station Status ........................................................................................................................... 276
.............................................................................................................................................................. 277
Cellular Statistics ................................................................................................................................ 278
System .................................................................................................................................................. 280
User Account ...................................................................................................................................... 281
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Contents Overview
Remote Management ....................................................................................................................... 283
SNMP .................................................................................................................................................... 286
Time Settings ........................................................................................................................................ 288
E-mail Notification .............................................................................................................................. 290
Log Setting .......................................................................................................................................... 292
Firmware Upgrade .............................................................................................................................. 295
Backup Restore ................................................................................................................................... 298
Diagnostic ........................................................................................................................................... 301
Troubleshooting .................................................................................................................................. 307
Appendices ............................................ ........................................................... ..............................313
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Table of Contents
Table of Contents
Contents Overview .............................................................................................................................3
Table of Contents.................................................................................................................................5
Part I: User’s Guide.......................................................................................... 15
Chapter 1
Introducing the VMG............................................................... .... .... ... ...............................................16
1.1 Overview ......................................................................................................................................... 16
1.1.1 Internet Access ...................................................................................................................... 16
1.1.2 Ethernet WAN ........................................................................................................................ 17
1.1.3 SFP ........................................................................................................................................... 18
1.1.4 WAN Priority ........................................................................................................................... 18
1.1.5 Wireless Access ...................................................................................................................... 18
1.1.6 VMG’s USB Support ............................................................................................................... 18
1.1.7 VoIP Features ......................................................................................................................... 20
1.2 Ways to Manage the VMG ........................................................................................................... 20
1.3 Good Habits for Managing the VMG .......................................................................................... 21
1.4 Hardware ......................................................................................................................................... 21
1.4.1 Front and Side Panels ........................................................................................................... 21
1.4.2 Using the WLAN and WPS Buttons ....................................................................................... 23
1.4.3 LEDs (Lights) ........................................................................................................................... 23
1.4.4 Rear Panel .............................................................................................................................. 25
1.4.5 The RESET Button .................................................................................................................... 26
Chapter 2
The Web Configurator........................................................................................................................27
2.1 Overview ......................................................................................................................................... 27
2.1.1 Accessing the Web Configurator ....................................................................................... 27
2.2 Web Configurator Layout .............................................................................................................. 29
2.2.1 Title Bar ................................................................................................................................... 29
2.2.2 Navigation Panel .................................................................................................................. 30
Chapter 3
Quick Start..........................................................................................................................................34
3.1 Overview ......................................................................................................................................... 34
3.2 Quick Start Setup ............................................................................................................................ 34
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Chapter 4
Tutorials...............................................................................................................................................36
4.1 Overview ......................................................................................................................................... 36
4.2 Setting Up an ADSL PPPoE Connection ....................................................................................... 36
4.3 Setting Up a Secure Wireless Network .......................................................................................... 39
4.3.1 Configuring the Wireless Network Settings ......................................................................... 39
4.3.2 Using WPS ............................................................................................................................... 40
4.3.3 Without WPS ........................................................................................................................... 44
4.4 Setting Up Multiple Wireless Groups ............................................................................................. 45
4.5 Using the File Sharing Feature ....................................................................................................... 48
4.5.1 Set Up File Sharing ................................................................................................................. 48
4.5.2 Access Your Shared Files From a Computer ...................................................................... 51
4.6 Using the Media Server Feature .................................................................................................... 51
4.6.1 Configuring the VMG ........................................................................................................... 51
4.6.2 Using Windows Media Player ...............................................................................................52
4.6.3 Using a Digital Media Adapter ............................................................................................53
4.7 Configuring Static Route for Routing to Another Network ........................................................ 55
4.8 Configuring QoS Queue and Class Setup ................................................................................... 57
4.9 Access the VMG Using DDNS ........................................................................................................ 61
4.9.1 Registering a DDNS Account on www.dyndns.org ........................................................... 61
4.9.2 Configuring DDNS on Your VMG ......................................................................................... 61
4.9.3 Testing the DDNS Setting ...................................................................................................... 62
4.10 Configuring the MAC Address Filter ........................................................................................... 62
4.11 Access Your Shared Files From a Computer ............................................................................. 64
Part II: Technical Reference........................................................................... 65
Chapter 5
Network Map and Status Screens....................................................................................................66
5.1 Overview ......................................................................................................................................... 66
5.2 The Network Map Screen .............................................................................................................. 66
5.3 The Status Screen ........................................................................................................................... 67
Chapter 6
Broadband..........................................................................................................................................71
6.1 Overview ......................................................................................................................................... 71
6.1.1 What You Can Do in this Chapter ....................................................................................... 71
6.1.2 What You Need to Know ..................................................................................................... 72
6.1.3 Before You Begin ................................................................................................................... 75
6.2 The Broadband Screen .................................................................................................................. 75
6.2.1 Add/Edit Internet Connection .............................................................................................76
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6.3 The Cellular Backup Screen .......................................................................................................... 84
6.4 The Advanced Screen ................................................................................................................... 88
6.5 Technical Reference ...................................................................................................................... 91
Chapter 7
Wireless...............................................................................................................................................96
7.1 Overview ......................................................................................................................................... 96
7.1.1 What You Can Do in this Chapter ....................................................................................... 96
7.1.2 What You Need to Know ..................................................................................................... 96
7.2 The General Screen ...................................................................................................................... 97
7.2.1 No Security ............................................................................................................................. 99
7.2.2 More Secure (WPA(2)-PSK) .................................................................................................. 99
7.3 The Guest/More AP Screen ......................................................................................................... 100
7.3.1 Edit Guest/More AP ........................................................................................................... 101
7.4 MAC Authentication .................................................................................................................... 103
7.5 The WPS Screen ............................................................................................................................ 105
7.6 The WMM Screen .......................................................................................................................... 106
7.7 The Others Screen ........................................................................................................................ 107
7.8 The Channel Status Screen ......................................................................................................... 109
7.9 The MESH Screen .......................................................................................................................... 109
7.10 The WLAN Scheduler Screen ..................................................................................................... 111
7.10.1 Add Scheduler Rule .......................................................................................................... 112
7.11 Technical Reference .................................................................................................................. 113
7.11.1 Wireless Network Overview .............................................................................................. 113
7.11.2 Additional Wireless Terms ................................................................................................. 115
7.11.3 Wireless Security Overview ............................................................................................... 115
7.11.4 Signal Problems ................................................................................................................. 117
7.11.5 BSS ....................................................................................................................................... 118
7.11.6 MBSSID ................................................................................................................................ 118
7.11.7 Preamble Type .................................................................................................................. 119
7.11.8 WiFi Protected Setup (WPS) ............................................................................................. 119
Chapter 8
Home Networking............................................................................................................................126
8.1 Overview ....................................................................................................................................... 126
8.1.1 What You Can Do in this Chapter ..................................................................................... 126
8.1.2 What You Need To Know ................................................................................................... 127
8.1.3 Before You Begin ................................................................................................................. 128
8.2 The LAN Setup Screen .................................................................................................................. 128
8.3 The Static DHCP Screen ............................................................................................................... 132
8.4 The UPnP Screen ........................................................................................................................... 133
8.4.1 Turning On UPnP in Windows 7 Example .......................................................................... 134
8.5 The Additional Subnet Screen ..................................................................................................... 136
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8.6 The STB Vendor ID Screen ............................................................................................................ 137
8.7 The Wake on LAN Screen ............................................................................................................ 137
8.8 The TFTP Server Name Screen ..................................................................................................... 138
8.9 Technical Reference .................................................................................................................... 139
8.9.1 LANs, WANs and the VMG ................................................................................................. 139
8.9.2 DHCP Setup ......................................................................................................................... 139
8.9.3 DNS Server Addresses ......................................................................................................... 139
8.9.4 LAN TCP/IP ........................................................................................................................... 140
Chapter 9
Routing..............................................................................................................................................142
9.1 Overview ...................................................................................................................................... 142
9.2 The Routing Screen ...................................................................................................................... 142
9.2.1 Add/Edit Static Route ......................................................................................................... 143
9.3 The DNS Route Screen ................................................................................................................. 144
9.3.1 The DNS Route Add Screen ............................................................................................... 145
9.4 The Policy Route Screen .............................................................................................................. 146
9.4.1 Add/Edit Policy Route ........................................................................................................ 147
9.5 RIP ............................................................................................................................................... 148
9.5.1 The RIP Screen ..................................................................................................................... 148
Chapter 10
Quality of Service (QoS) ........................................ ..........................................................................149
10.1 Overview .................................................................................................................................... 149
10.1.1 What You Can Do in this Chapter ................................................................................... 149
10.2 What You Need to Know ........................................................................................................... 150
10.3 The Quality of Service General Screen ................................................................................... 151
10.4 The Queue Setup Screen ........................................................................................................... 152
10.4.1 Adding a QoS Queue ...................................................................................................... 154
10.5 The Classification Setup Screen ................................................................................................ 154
10.5.1 Add/Edit QoS Class .......................................................................................................... 155
10.6 The QoS Shaper Setup Screen .................................................................................................. 159
10.6.1 Add/Edit a QoS Shaper ................................................................................................... 160
10.7 The QoS Policer Setup Screen ................................................................................................... 160
10.7.1 Add/Edit a QoS Policer ................................................................................................... 161
10.8 Technical Reference .................................................................................................................. 162
Chapter 11
Network Address Translation (NAT)................................................................................................167
11.1 Overview ..................................................................................................................................... 167
11.1.1 What You Can Do in this Chapter ................................................................................... 167
11.1.2 What You Need To Know ................................................................................................. 167
11.2 The Port Forwarding Screen ..................................................................................................... 168
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11.2.1 Add/Edit Port Forwarding ................................................................................................ 170
11.3 The Applications Screen ............................................................................................................ 171
11.3.1 Add New Application ....................................................................................................... 171
11.4 The Port Triggering Screen ......................................................................................................... 172
11.4.1 Add/Edit Port Triggering Rule ..........................................................................................174
11.5 The DMZ Screen .......................................................................................................................... 175
11.6 The ALG Screen .......................................................................................................................... 176
11.7 The Address Mapping Screen ................................................................................................... 177
11.7.1 Add/Edit Address Mapping Rule ..................................................................................... 177
11.8 The Sessions Screen .................................................................................................................... 178
11.9 Technical Reference .................................................................................................................. 179
11.9.1 NAT Definitions ................................................................................................................... 179
11.9.2 What NAT Does ................................................................................................................. 180
11.9.3 How NAT Works .................................................................................................................. 180
11.9.4 NAT Application ................................................................................................................ 181
Chapter 12
Dynamic DNS Setup.........................................................................................................................183
12.1 Overview ..................................................................................................................................... 183
12.1.1 What You Can Do in this Chapter ................................................................................... 183
12.1.2 What You Need To Know ................................................................................................. 183
12.2 The DNS Entry Screen ................................................................................................................. 184
12.2.1 Add/Edit DNS Entry ........................................................................................................... 184
12.3 The Dynamic DNS Screen .......................................................................................................... 185
Chapter 13
IGMP/MLD.........................................................................................................................................187
13.1 Overview ..................................................................................................................................... 187
13.1.1 What You Need To Know ................................................................................................. 187
13.2 The IGMP/MLD Screen ............................................................................................................... 187
Chapter 14
Vlan Group.......................................................................................................................................190
14.1 Overview ..................................................................................................................................... 190
14.1.1 What You Can Do in this Chapter ................................................................................... 190
14.2 The Vlan Group Screen .............................................................................................................. 190
14.2.1 Add/Edit a VLAN Group ...................................................................................................191
Chapter 15
Interface Grouping..........................................................................................................................192
15.1 Overview ..................................................................................................................................... 192
15.1.1 What You Can Do in this Chapter ................................................................................... 192
15.2 The Interface Grouping Screen ................................................................................................ 192
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15.2.1 Interface Group Configuration ....................................................................................... 193
15.2.2 Interface Grouping Criteria ............................................................................................195
Chapter 16
USB Service......................................................... .... .... ... ............................................. ......................197
16.1 Overview ..................................................................................................................................... 197
16.1.1 What You Can Do in this Chapter ................................................................................... 197
16.1.2 What You Need To Know ................................................................................................ 197
16.1.3 Before You Begin ............................................................................................................... 198
16.2 The File Sharing Screen .............................................................................................................. 198
16.2.1 The Add New Share Screen ............................................................................................. 200
16.2.2 The Add New User Screen ............................................................................................... 201
16.3 The Media Server Screen ........................................................................................................... 201
Chapter 17
Home Connectivity..........................................................................................................................203
17.1 Overview ..................................................................................................................................... 203
17.2 The Home Connectivity Screen ................................................................................................ 203
Chapter 18
Firewall..............................................................................................................................................205
18.1 Overview ..................................................................................................................................... 205
18.1.1 What You Can Do in this Chapter ................................................................................... 205
18.1.2 What You Need to Know ................................................................................................. 206
18.2 The Firewall Screen ..................................................................................................................... 206
18.3 The Protocol Screen .................................................................................................................. 207
18.3.1 Add/Edit a Service ........................................................................................................... 208
18.4 The Access Control Screen ....................................................................................................... 209
18.4.1 Add/Edit an ACL Rule ..................................................................................................... 209
18.5 The DoS Screen ........................................................................................................................... 211
Chapter 19
MAC Filter .........................................................................................................................................212
19.1 Overview .................................................................................................................................... 212
19.2 The MAC Filter Screen ................................................................................................................ 212
Chapter 20
Parental Control...............................................................................................................................214
20.1 Overview ..................................................................................................................................... 214
20.2 The Parental Control Screen ..................................................................................................... 214
20.2.1 Add/Edit a Parental Control Profile ................................................................................ 215
Chapter 21
Scheduler Rule .................................................................................................................................219
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21.1 Overview ..................................................................................................................................... 219
21.2 The Scheduler Rule Screen ........................................................................................................ 219
21.2.1 Add/Edit a Schedule ........................................................................................................ 219
Chapter 22
Certificates .......................................................................................................................................221
22.1 Overview ..................................................................................................................................... 221
22.1.1 What You Can Do in this Chapter ................................................................................... 221
22.2 What You Need to Know ........................................................................................................... 221
22.3 The Local Certificates Screen ................................................................................................... 221
22.3.1 Create Certificate Request ............................................................................................ 222
22.3.2 View Certificate Request ................................................................................................. 223
22.4 The Trusted CA Screen ............................................................................................................... 225
22.4.1 View Trusted CA Certificate ............................................................................................ 225
22.4.2 Import Trusted CA Certificate .......................................................................................... 226
Chapter 23
Voice.................................................................................................................................................228
23.1 Overview ..................................................................................................................................... 228
23.1.1 What You Can Do in this Chapter ................................................................................... 228
23.1.2 What You Need to Know About VoIP ............................................................................. 228
23.2 Before You Begin ........................................................................................................................ 229
23.3 The SIP Account Screen ............................................................................................................ 229
23.3.1 The SIP Account Add/Edit Screen .................................................................................. 230
23.4 The SIP Service Provider Screen ............................................................................................... 234
23.4.1 The SIP Service Provider Add/Edit Screen ..................................................................... 235
23.5 The Phone Device Screen ........................................................................................................ 239
23.5.1 The Phone Device Edit Screen ....................................................................................... 240
23.6 The Region Screen ..................................................................................................................... 241
23.7 The Call Rule Screen .................................................................................................................. 242
23.8 The Call History Screen ............................................................................................................... 243
23.9 The Call Summary Screen .......................................................................................................... 243
23.10 Technical Reference ................................................................................................................ 244
23.10.1 Quality of Service (QoS) ................................................................................................. 252
23.10.2 Phone Services Overview ............................................................................................... 252
Chapter 24
Log ..................................... ................................................ ...............................................................257
24.1 Overview ..................................................................................................................................... 257
24.1.1 What You Can Do in this Chapter ................................................................................... 257
24.1.2 What You Need To Know ................................................................................................. 257
24.2 The System Log Screen .............................................................................................................. 258
24.3 The Security Log Screen ............................................................................................................. 258
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Chapter 25
Traffic Status .....................................................................................................................................260
25.1 Overview ..................................................................................................................................... 260
25.1.1 What You Can Do in this Chapter ................................................................................... 260
25.2 The WAN Status Screen .............................................................................................................. 260
25.3 The LAN Status Screen ............................................................................................................... 261
25.4 The NAT Status Screen ................................................................................................................ 262
Chapter 26
VoIP Status.......................................................................................................................................264
26.1 The VoIP Status Screen ............................................................................................................... 264
Chapter 27
ARP Table..........................................................................................................................................267
27.1 Overview ..................................................................................................................................... 267
27.1.1 How ARP Works .................................................................................................................. 267
27.2 ARP Table Screen ....................................................................................................................... 268
Chapter 28
Routing Table....................................................................................................................................269
28.1 Overview ..................................................................................................................................... 269
28.2 The Routing Table Screen .......................................................................................................... 269
Chapter 29
Multicast Status ...............................................................................................................................271
29.1 Overview ..................................................................................................................................... 271
29.2 The IGMP Status Screen ............................................................................................................. 271
29.3 The MLD Status Screen ............................................................................................................... 271
Chapter 30
xDSL Statistics ....................................... ... .... .... ............................................ .....................................273
30.1 The xDSL Statistics Screen .......................................................................................................... 273
Chapter 31
WLAN Station Status .........................................................................................................................276
31.1 Overview ..................................................................................................................................... 276
...........................................................................................................................................................277
Chapter 32
Cellular Statistics .............................................................................................................................278
32.1 Overview ..................................................................................................................................... 278
32.2 The Cellular Statistics Screen ..................................................................................................... 278
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Chapter 33
System...............................................................................................................................................280
33.1 Overview ..................................................................................................................................... 280
33.2 The System Screen ...................................................................................................................... 280
Chapter 34
User Account................. .... .... .... .......................................................................................................281
34.1 Overview .................................................................................................................................... 281
34.2 The User Account Screen .......................................................................................................... 281
34.2.1 The User Account Add/Edit Screen ................................................................................ 282
Chapter 35
Remote Management.....................................................................................................................283
35.1 Overview ..................................................................................................................................... 283
35.2 The MGMT Services Screen ....................................................................................................... 283
35.3 The Trust Domain Screen ............................................................................................................ 284
35.4 The Add Trust Domain Screen ................................................................................................... 284
Chapter 36
SNMP .................................................................................................................................................286
36.1 Overview ..................................................................................................................................... 286
36.2 The SNMP Screen ........................................................................................................................ 286
Chapter 37
Time Settings.....................................................................................................................................288
37.1 Overview ..................................................................................................................................... 288
37.2 The Time Screen ......................................................................................................................... 288
Chapter 38
E-mail Notification ...........................................................................................................................290
38.1 Overview .................................................................................................................................. 290
38.2 The Email Notification Screen ................................................................................................... 290
38.2.1 Email Notification Edit ..................................................................................................... 290
Chapter 39
Log Setting .............................................. .... .... ... ............................................ ..................................292
39.1 Overview .................................................................................................................................... 292
39.2 The Log Settings Screen ............................................................................................................. 292
39.2.1 Example E-mail Log ........................................................................................................... 293
Chapter 40
Firmware Upgrade................................................. ............................................ ..............................295
40.1 Overview ..................................................................................................................................... 295
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40.2 The Firmware Screen .................................................................................................................. 295
Chapter 41
Backup Restore................................................................................................................................298
41.1 Overview ..................................................................................................................................... 298
41.2 The Backup Restore Screen ...................................................................................................... 298
41.3 The Reboot Screen ..................................................................................................................... 300
Chapter 42
Diagnostic.........................................................................................................................................301
42.1 Overview ..................................................................................................................................... 301
42.1.1 What You Can Do in this Chapter ................................................................................... 301
42.2 What You Need to Know ........................................................................................................... 301
42.3 Ping & TraceRoute & NsLookup ................................................................................................ 302
42.4 802.1ag ........................................................................................................................................ 302
42.5 802.3ah ........................................................................................................................................ 304
42.6 OAM Ping .................................................................................................................................... 305
Chapter 43
Troubleshooting................................................................................................................................307
43.1 Power, Hardware Connections, and LEDs ............................................................................... 307
43.2 VMG Access and Login ............................................................................................................. 308
43.3 Internet Access ........................................................................................................................... 309
43.4 Wireless Internet Access ............................................................................................................. 311
43.5 USB Device Connection ............................................................................................................ 312
43.6 UPnP ............................................................................................................................................. 312
Part III: Appendices......................................................................................313
Appendix A Customer Support ..................................................................................................... 314
Appendix B Wireless LANs............................................................................................................... 320
Appendix C IPv6.............................................................................................................................. 333
Appendix D Services....................................................................................................................... 341
Appendix E Legal Information ....................................................................................................... 345
Index.................................................................................................................................................353
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PART I
User’s Guide
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1.1 Overview
The VMG is a wireless VDSL router and Gigabit Ethernet gateway. The VMG works over the analog or
digital telephone system, POTS (Plain Old Telephone Service) and ISDN/T-ISDN.
• The VMG8825-B50B works over the analog telephone system, POTS (Plain Old Telephone Service).
• The VMG8825-B60B works over the digital telephone system, ISDN (Integrated Services Digital
Network) or T-ISDN (UR-2).
Only use firmware for your VMG’s specific model. Refer to the label on
the back of your VMG.
1.1.1 Internet Access
CHAPTER 1
Introducing the VMG
Your VMG provides shared Internet access by connecting the DSL port to the DSL or MODEM jack on a
splitter or your telephone jack. You can have multiple WAN services over one ADSL or VDSL. The VMG
cannot work in ADSL and VDSL mode at the same time.
Note: The ADSL and VDSL lines share the same WAN (layer-2) interfaces that you configure in
the VMG. Refer to Section 6.2 on page 75 for the Network Setting > Broadband screen.
Computers can connect to the VMG’s LAN ports (or wirelessly).
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Chapter 1 Introducing the VMG
DSL
DSL
A
A
Figure 1 VMG’s Internet Access Application
You can also configure IP filtering on the VMG for secure Internet access. When the IP filter is on, all
incoming traffic from the Internet to your network is blocked by default unless it is initiated from your
network. This means that probes from the outside to your network are not allowed, but you can safely
browse the Internet and download files.
1.1.2 Ethernet WAN
If you prefer not to use a DSL line and you have another broadband modem or router (such as ADSL)
available, you can use the Ethernet WAN port and then connect it to the broadband modem or router.
This way, you can access the Internet via an Ethernet connection and still use the QoS, Firewall and
parental control functions on the VMG.
Figure 2 VMG’s Internet Access Application: Ethernet WAN
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1.1.3 SFP
The VMG provides shared Internet access by connecting a Small Form-Factor Pluggable (SFP)
transceiver to the SFP port. In addition, you can connect computers, IPTVs, gaming consoles, and other
Ethernet devices to the Ethernet ports for fiber-speed Internet access.
1.1.4 WAN Priority
The WAN connection priority is as follows:
1 SFP
2 Ethernet WAN
3 DSL
4 Cellular WAN (3G/4G)
See Section 1.1.6 on page 18 for more information about Cellular backup.
1.1.5 Wireless Access
Chapter 1 Introducing the VMG
The VMG is a wireless Access Point (AP) for IEEE 802.11b/g/n/a/ac wireless clients, such as notebook
computers, iPands, smartphones, etc. These devices can connect to the VMG to access network
resources and the Internet.
Your VMG supports Wi-Fi Protected Setup (WPS), which allows you to quickly set up a wireless network
with strong security.
You can configure your wireless network using the built-in Web Configurator.
See Section 4.3 on page 39 for more information about how to set up a wireless network.
Figure 3 Wireless Access Example
1.1.6 VMG’s USB Support
The USB port of the VMG is used for cellular WAN backup, file-sharing and media server.
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Chapter 1 Introducing the VMG
DSL
Cellular WAN (3G/4G) Backup
Connect a supported cellular USB dongle with an active SIM card to the USB port. This adds a second
WAN interface and allows the VMG to wirelessly access the Internet via a cellular network. The cellular
WAN connection is a backup in case the DSL connection fails.
To set up a cellular connection, click Network Setting > Broadband > Cellular Backup.
To update the supported cellular USB dongle list, download the latest WWAN package from the Zyxel
website and upload it to the VMG using the Maintenance > Firmware Upgrade screen.
File Sharing
Use the built-in USB 3.0 port to share files on a USB memory stick or a USB hard drive (B). Use FTP to access
the files on the USB device.
Figure 4 USB File Sharing Application
Media Server
You can also use the VMG as a media server. This lets anyone on your network play video, music, and
photos from a USB device (B) connected to the VMG’s USB port (without having to copy them to
another computer).
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Chapter 1 Introducing the VMG
DSL
Figure 5 USB Media Server Application
1.1.7 VoIP Features
You can register up to 2 SIP (Session Initiation Protocol) accounts and use the VMG to make and receive
VoIP telephone calls:
Figure 6 VMG’s VoIP Features
Calls via a VoIP service provider - the VMG sends your call to a VoIP service provider’s SIP server which
forwards your calls to either VoIP or PSTN phones.
1.2 Ways to Manage the VMG
Use any of the following methods to manage the VMG.
• Web Configurator. This is recommended for everyday management of the VMG using a (supported)
web browser.
• FTP. Use FTP for firmware upgrades and configuration backup/restore.
• SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol). Use SNMP for exchanging management information
between network devices. See Chapter 36 on page 286 for more information about SNMP.
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Chapter 1 Introducing the VMG
1.3 Good Habits for Managing the VMG
Do the following things regularly to make the VMG more secure and to manage the VMG more
effectively.
• Change the password. Use a password that’s not easy to guess and that consists of different types of
characters, such as numbers and letters.
• Write down the password and put it in a safe place.
• Back up the configuration (and make sure you know how to restore it). Restoring an earlier working
configuration may be useful if the device becomes unstable or even crashes. If you forget your
password, you will have to reset the VMG to its factory default settings. If you backed up an earlier
configuration file, you would not have to totally reconfigure the VMG. You could simply restore your
last configuration.
1.4 Hardware
1.4.1 Front and Side Panels
The following graphics displays the front and side panels of the VMG.
Figure 7 VMG8825-B Series Front Panel
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Chapter 1 Introducing the VMG
Figure 8 VMG8825-B Series Side Panels
Figure 9 VMG8825-B Series Side Panels
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Chapter 1 Introducing the VMG
The following table describes the items on the side panels..
Table 1 Side Panel Buttons
LABEL DESCRIPTION
WLAN Press the WLAN button for more than two seconds to enable the wireless function.
WPS Press the WPS button for more than five seconds to quickly set up a secure wireless connection
between the device and a WPS-compatible client.
USB The USB port is used for cellular WAN backup, file-sharing and media server.
1.4.2 Using the WLAN and WPS Buttons
If the wireless network is turned off, press the WLAN button for more than one second. Once the WLAN/
WPS LED turns green, the wireless network is active.
You can also use the WPS button to quickly set up a secure wireless connection between the VMG and
a WPS-compatible client by adding one device at a time.
To activate WPS:
1 Make sure the POWER LED is on and not blinking.
2 Press the WPS button for more than one second and release it.
3 Press the WPS button on another WPS-enabled device within range of the VMG. The WLAN/WPS LED
flashes amber while the VMG sets up a WPS connection with the other wireless device.
4 Once the connection is successfully made, the WLAN/WPS LED shines green. Note that the connection
to the 2.4GHz wireless network has priority.
To turn off the wireless network, press the WLAN button for more than one second. The WLAN/WPS LED
turns off when the wireless network is off.
1.4.3 LEDs (Lights)
The following graphic displays the labels of the LEDs.
Figure 10 LEDs on the VMG
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Chapter 1 Introducing the VMG
None of the LEDs are on if the VMG is not receiving power.
Table 2 LED Descriptions
LED COLOR STATUS DESCRIPTION
Power Green On The VMG is receiving power and ready for use.
Blinking The VMG is self-testing.
Red On The VMG detected an error while self-testing, or there is a device
malfunction.
Blinking The VMG is upgrading firmware.
Off The VMG is not receiving power.
DSL/Ethernet
WAN
Internet Green On The VMG has an IP connection but no traffic.
Green On The VDSL line or a successful 10/100/1000 Mbps Ethernet connection on the
WAN is up.
Blinking
(slow)
Blinking
(Fast)
Off There is no Ethernet connection on the WAN.
Amber On The ADSL line on the WAN is up.
Blinking
(slow)
Blinking
(Fast)
The VMG is looking for a VDSL line.
The VMG is initializing the VDSL line.
The VMG is looking for an ADSL line.
The VMG is initializing the ADAL line.
Your device has a WAN IP address (either static or assigned by a DHCP
server), PPP negotiation was successfully completed (if used) and the DSL
connection is up.
Blinking The VMG is sending or receiving IP traffic.
Off There is no Internet connection or the gateway is in bridged mode.
Red On The VMG attempted to make an IP connection but failed. Possible causes
are no response from a DHCP server, no PPPoE response, PPPoE
authentication failed.
LAN1~4 Green On The VMG has a successful 10/100/1000 Mbps Ethernet connection with a
device on the Local Area Network (LAN).
Blinking The VMG is sending or receiving data to/from the LAN at 10/100/1000
Mbps.
Off The VMG does not have an Ethernet connection with the LAN.
WLAN/WPS Green On The 2.4 GHz or 5 GHz wireless network is activated.
Blinking The VMG is communicating with 2.4 GHz or 5 GHz wireless clients.
Amber Blinking The VMG is setting up a WPS connection with a 2.4 GHz or 5 GHz wireless
client.
Off The 2.4 GHz or 5 GHz wireless network is not activated.
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Table 2 LED Descriptions (continued)
SFP Port
LED COLOR STATUS DESCRIPTION
Phone1,
Phone2
SFP Green On A fiber link is up.
1.4.4 Rear Panel
The following graphic displays the rear panels of the VMG.
Chapter 1 Introducing the VMG
Green On A SIP account is registered for the phone port, and there’s no voice
message in the corresponding SIP account.
Blinking A telephone connected to the phone port has its receiver off of the hook or
there is an incoming call. There’s no voice message in the corresponding
SIP account.
Amber On A SIP account is registered for the phone port, and there’s voice message
in the corresponding SIP account.
Blinking A telephone connected to the phone port has its receiver off of the hook or
there is an incoming call. There’s voice message in the corresponding SIP
account.
Off • The SIP account is not enabled.
• The phone port does not have a SIP account registered.
Off A fiber link is down.
Figure 11 VMG8825-B50B Rear Panel
The following table describes the items on the rear panel..
Table 3 Rear Panel Ports
LABEL DESCRIPTION
SFP Connect an SFP transceiver to the SFP port for fiber-speed Internet access.
DSL Connect a RJ-11 cable to the DSL port for Internet access.
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Table 3 Rear Panel Ports (continued)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Phone1 ~
Phone2
LAN1 ~ LAN4 Connect computers or other Ethernet devices to Ethernet ports for Internet
WAN Connect an Ethernet cable to the Ethernet WAN port for Internet access.
Power Connect the power cable can press the power button to start the device.
Reset Press the button to return the VMG to the factory defaults.
Connect analog phones to the phone ports to make phone calls.
access.
1.4.4.1 Transceiver Installation
Use the following steps to install an SFP transceiver.
1 Locate the transmit (Tx) and the receive (Rx) markings on the SFP+ module to identify the top.
2 Insert the transceiver into the slot.
3 Press the transceiver firmly until it clicks into place.
Chapter 1 Introducing the VMG
4 The VMG automatically detects the installed transceiver. Check the LEDs to verify that it is functioning
properly.
5 Close the transceiver’s latch (latch styles vary).
6 Connect the fiber optic cables to the transceiver.
1.4.4.2 Transceiver Removal
Use the following steps to remove an SFP transceiver.
1 Remove the fiber optic cables from the transceiver.
2 Open the transceiver’s latch (latch styles vary).
3 Pull the transceiver out of the slot.
1.4.5 The RESET Button
If you forget your password or cannot access the Web Configurator, you will need to use the RESET
button at the back of the device to reload the factory-default configuration file. This means that you will
lose all configurations that you had previously. The password will be reset to the default (see device
label), and the LAN IP address will be “192.168.1.1”.
1 Make sure the POWER LED is on (not blinking).
2 To set the device back to the factory default settings, press the RESET button for five seconds or until the
POWER LED begins to blink and then release it. When the POWER LED begins to blink, the defaults have
been restored and the device restarts.
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2.1 Overview
The screens are based on VMG8825-B Series.
CHAPTER 2
The Web Configurator
The Web Configurator is an HTML-based management interface that allows easy
management via Internet browser. Use Internet Explorer 8.0 and later versions or Mozilla Firefox 3 and
later versions or Safari 2.0 and later versions. The recommended screen resolution is 1024 by 768 pixels.
In order to use the Web Configurator you need to allow:
• Web browser pop-up windows from your
Windows XP SP (Service Pack) 2.
• JavaScript (enabled by default).
• Java permissions (enabled by default).
VMG. Web pop-up blocking is enabled by default in
2.1.1 Accessing the Web Configurator
1 Make sure your VMG hardware is properly connected (refer to the Quick Start Guide).
2 Launch your web browser. If the VMG does not automatically redirect you to the login screen, go to
http://192.168.1.1.
3 A password screen displays. To access the administrative web configurator and manage the VMG, type
the default username admin and the default password (see device label) in the password screen and
click Login. If advanced account security is enabled (see Section 34.2 on page 281) the number of dots
that appears when you type the password changes randomly to prevent anyone watching the
password field from knowing the length of your password. If you have changed the password, enter
your password and click Login.
Figure 12 Password Screen
VMG setup and
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Chapter 2 The Web Configurator
4 The following screen displays if you have not yet changed your password. Enter a new password, retype
it to confirm and click Apply.
Figure 13 Change Password Screen
5 Configure basic Internet access and wireless settings. The Network Map page appears.
Figure 14 Network Map
6 Click Status to display the Status screen, where you can view the VMG’s interface and system
information.
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Chapter 2 The Web Configurator
C
A
B
2.2 Web Configurator Layout
Figure 15 Screen Layout
As illustrated above, the main screen is divided into these parts:
• A - title bar
• B - main window
• C - navigation panel
2.2.1 Title Bar
The title bar provides some icons in the upper right corner.
The icons provide the following functions.
Table 4 Web Configurator Icons in the Title Bar
ICON DESCRIPTION
Language: Select the language you prefer.
Quick Start: Click this icon to open screens where you can configure the VMG’s time zone
Internet access, and wireless settings.
Logout: Click this icon to log out of the Web Configurator.
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2.2.2 Navigation Panel
Use the menu items on the navigation panel to open screens to configure VMG features. The following
tables describe each menu item.
Table 5 Navigation Panel Summary
LINK TAB FUNCTION
Connection Status This screen shows the network status of the VMG and computers/devices
Network Setting
Broadband Broadband Use this screen to view and configure ISP parameters, WAN IP address
Cellular Backup Use this screen to configure 3G WAN connection.
Advanced Use this screen to enable or disable PTM over ADSL, Annex M/Annex J,
Wireless General Use this screen to configure the wireless LAN settings and WLAN
Guest/More AP Use this screen to configure multiple BSSs on the VMG.
MAC
Authentication
WPS Use this screen to configure and view your WPS (Wi-Fi Protected Setup)
WMM Use this screen to enable or disable Wi-Fi MultiMedia (WMM).
Others Use this screen to configure advanced wireless settings.
Channel Status Use this screen to scan wireless LAN channel noises and view the results.
MESH Use this screen to enable or disable Zyxel MESH (Multy Pro).
WLAN Scheduler Use this screen to schedule the times when the Wireless LAN is enabled.
Home
Networking
Routing Static Route Use this screen to view and set up static routes on the VMG.
LAN Setup Use this screen to configure LAN TCP/IP settings, and other advanced
Static DHCP Use this screen to assign specific IP addresses to individual MAC
UPnP Use this screen to turn UPnP and UPnP NAT-T on or off.
Additional
Subnet
STB Vendor ID Use this screen to configure the Vendor IDs of the connected Set Top Box
Wake on LAN Use this screen to remotely turn on a device on the local network.
TFTP Server Name Use DHCP option 66 to identify a TFTP server name.
DNS Route Use this screen to forward DNS queries for certain domain names through
Policy Route
RIP Use this screen to configure Routing Information Protocol to exchange
Chapter 2 The Web Configurator
connected to it.
assignment, and other advanced properties. You can also add new
WAN connections.
and DSL PhyR functions.
authentication/security settings.
Use this screen to block or allow wireless traffic from wireless devices of
certain SSIDs and MAC addresses to the VMG.
settings.
properties.
addresses.
Use this screen to configure IP alias and public static IP.
(STB) devices, which have the VMG automatically create static DHCP
entries for the STB devices when they request IP addresses.
a specific WAN interface to its DNS server(s).
Use this screen to configure policy routing on the VMG.
routing information with other routers.
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Chapter 2 The Web Configurator
Table 5 Navigation Panel Summary (continued)
LINK TAB FUNCTION
QoS General Use this screen to enable QoS and traffic prioritizing. You can also
configure the QoS rules and actions.
Queue Setup Use this screen to configure QoS queues.
Classification
Setup
Shaper Setup Use this screen to limit outgoing traffic rate on the selected interface.
Policer Setup Use this screen to configure QoS policers.
NAT Port Forwarding Use this screen to make your local servers visible to the outside world.
Applications Use this screen to configure servers behind the VMG.
Port Triggering Use this screen to change your VMG’s port triggering settings.
DMZ Use this screen to configure a default server which receives packets from
ALG Use this screen to enable or disable SIP ALG.
Address Mapping Use this screen to change your VMG’s address mapping settings.
Sessions Use this screen to configure the maximum number of NAT sessions each
DNS DNS Entry Use this screen to view and configure DNS routes.
Dynamic DNS Use this screen to allow a static hostname alias for a dynamic IP address.
IGMP/MLD IGMP/MLD Use this screen to configure multicast settings (IGMP for IPv4 and MLD for
Vlan Group Vlan Group Use this screen to group and tag VLAN IDs to outgoing traffic from the
Interface
Grouping
USB Service File Sharing Use this screen to enable file sharing via the VMG.
Home
Connectivity
Security
Firewall General Use this screen to configure the security level of your firewall.
MAC Filter MAC Filter Use this screen to block or allow traffic from devices of certain MAC
Parental
Control
Scheduler Rule Scheduler Rule Use this screen to configure the days and times when a configured
Certificates Local Certificates Use this screen to view a summary list of certificates and manage
VoIP
Interface
Grouping
Media Server Use this screen to use the VMG as a media server.
ONE Connect Use this screen to enable or disable WiFi auto-configuration.
Protocol Use this screen to add Internet services and configure firewall rules.
Access Control Use this screen to enable specific traffic directions for network services.
DoS Use this screen to activate protection against Denial of Service (DoS)
Parental Control Use this screen to block web sites with the specific URL.
Trusted CA
Use this screen to define a classifier.
ports that are not specified in the Port Forwarding screen.
client host is allowed to have through the VMG.
IPv6 multicast groups) on the WAN.
specified interface.
Use this screen to map a port to a PVC or bridge group.
attacks.
addresses to the VMG.
restriction (such as parental control) is enforced.
certificates and certification requests.
Use this screen to view and manage the list of the trusted CAs.
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Chapter 2 The Web Configurator
Table 5 Navigation Panel Summary (continued)
LINK TAB FUNCTION
SIP SIP Account Use this screen to set up information about your SIP account and
configure audio settings such as volume levels for the phones
connected to the VMG.
SIP Service
Provider
Phone Phone Device
Region
Call Rule Speed Dial
Call History Call History Use this screen to view a call history list.
Call Summary Use this screen to view the summary of received, dialed and missed calls.
System Monitor
Log System Log Use this screen to view the status of events that occurred to the VMG.
Security Log Use this screen to view all security related events. You can select level
Use this screen to configure the SIP server information, QoS for VoIP calls,
the numbers for certain phone functions, and dialing plan.
Use this screen to view detailed information of the phone devices.
Use this screen to select your location and a call service mode.
Use this screen to configure speed dial for SIP phone numbers that you
call often.
You can export or e-mail the logs.
and category of the security events in their proper drop-down list
window.
Levels include:
•Emergency
•Alert
• Critical
• Error
• Warning
•Notice
• Informational
•Debugging
Categories include:
• Account
• Attack
•Firewall
• MAC Filter
Traffic Status WAN Use this screen to view the status of all network traffic going through the
LAN Use this screen to view the status of all network traffic going through the
NAT Use this screen to view NAT statistics for connected hosts.
VoIP Status VoIP Status Use this screen to view VoIP registration, current call status and phone
ARP table ARP table Use this screen to view the ARP table. It displays the IP and MAC address
Routing Table Routing Table Use this screen to view the routing table on the VMG.
Multicast Status IGMP Status Use this screen to view the status of all IGMP settings on the VMG.
MLD Status Use this screen to view the status of all MLD settings on the VMG.
xDSL Statistics xDSL Statistics Use this screen to view the VMG’s xDSL traffic statistics.
Cellular
Statistics
Maintenance
Cellular Statistics Use this screen to look at cellular Internet connection status.
WAN port of the VMG.
LAN ports of the VMG.
numbers for the phone ports.
of each DHCP connection.
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Chapter 2 The Web Configurator
Table 5 Navigation Panel Summary (continued)
LINK TAB FUNCTION
System System
User Account User Account Use this screen to change user password on the VMG.
Remote
Management
SNMP SNMP Use this screen to configure SNMP (Simple Network Management
Time Time Use this screen to change your VMG’s time and date.
E-mail
Notification
Log Setting Log Setting Use this screen to change your VMG’s log settings.
Firmware
Upgrade
Backup/Restore Backup/Restore Use this screen to backup and restore your VMG’s configuration
Reboot Reboot Use this screen to reboot the VMG without turning the power off.
Diagnostic Ping&Traceroute
MGMT Services Use this screen to enable specific traffic directions for network services.
Trust Domain Use this screen to view a list of public IP addresses which are allowed to
E-mail
Notification
Firmware
Upgrade
&Nslookup
802.1ag Use this screen to configure CFM (Connectivity Fault Management) MD
802.3ah Use this screen to configure link OAM port parameters,
OAM Ping Use this screen to view information to help you identify problems with the
Use this screen to set Device name and Domain name.
access the VMG through the services configured in the Maintenance >
Remote Management screen.
Protocol) settings.
Use this screen to configure up to two mail servers and sender addresses
on the VMG.
Use this screen to upload firmware to your VMG.
(settings) or reset the factory default settings.
Use this screen to identify problems with the DSL connection. You can
use Ping, TraceRoute, or Nslookup to help you identify problems.
(maintenance domain) and MA (maintenance association), perform
connectivity tests and view test reports.
DSL connection.
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3.1 Overview
Use the Quick Start screens to configure the VMG’s time zone, basic Internet access, and wireless
settings.
Note: See the technical reference chapters (starting on Chapter 4 on page 36) for
background information on the features in this chapter.
3.2 Quick Start Setup
1 The Quick Start Wizard appears automatically after login. Or you can click the Quick Start icon in the top
right corner of the Web Configurator to open the quick start screens. Select the time zone of your
location. Click Next.
Figure 16 Quick Start - Welcome
CHAPTER 3
Quick Start
2 Enter your Internet connection information on this screen. The screen and fields to enter may vary
depending on your current connection type. Click Next.
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Chapter 3 Quick Start
Figure 17 Quick Start - Internet Connection
3 Turn the wireless LAN on or off. If you keep it on, record the security settings so you can configure your
wireless clients to connect to the VMG. Click Save.
Figure 18 Quick Start - Wireless
4 Your VMG saves your settings and attempts to connect to the Internet.
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4.1 Overview
This chapter shows you how to use the VMG’s various features.
• Setting Up an ADSL PPPoE Connection, see page 36
• Setting Up a Secure Wireless Network, see page 39
• Setting Up Multiple Wireless Groups, see page 45
• Using the File Sharing Feature, see page 48
• Using the Media Server Feature, see page 51
• Configuring Static Route for Routing to Another Network, see page 55
• Configuring QoS Queue and Class Setup, see page 57
• Access the VMG Using DDNS, see page 61
• Configuring the MAC Address Filter, see page 62
• Access Your Shared Files From a Computer, see page 64
CHAPTER 4
Tutorials
4.2 Setting Up an ADSL PPPoE Connection
This tutorial shows you how to set up an ADSL Internet connection using the Web Configurator.
If you connect to the Internet through an ADSL connection, use the information from your Internet
Service Provider (ISP) to configure the VMG. Be sure to contact your service provider for any information
you need to configure the Broadband screens.
1 Click Network Setting > Broadband to open the following screen. Click Add New WAN Interface.
2 In this example, the DSL connection has the following information.
General
Name MyDSLConnection
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Chapter 4 Tutorials
Type ADSL over ATM
Connection Mode Routing
Encapsulation PPPoE
IPv6/IPv4 Mode IPv4
ATM PVC Configuration
VPI/VCI 36/48
Encapsulation Mode LLC/SNAP-Bridging
Service Category UBR without PCR
Account Information
PPP User Name 1234@DSL-Ex.com
PPP Password ABCDEF!
PPPoE Service Name MyDSL
Static IP Address 192.168.1.32
Others Authentication Method: AUTO
PPPoE Passthrough: Disabled
NAT: Enabled
IGMP Multicast Proxy: Enabled
Apply as Default Gateway: Enabled
VLAN: Disabled
3 Select Enable in the Active field. Enter the General and ATM PVC Configuration settings as provided
above.
Set the Type to ADSL over ATM.
Choose the Encapsulation specified by your DSL service provider. For this example, the service provider
requires a username and password to establish Internet connection. Therefore, select PPPoE as the WAN
encapsulation type.
Set the IPv6/IPv4 Mode to IPv4 Only.
4 Enter the account information provided to you by your DSL service provider.
5 Configure this rule as your default Internet connection by selecting the Apply as Default Gateway check
box. Then select DNS as Static and enter the DNS server addresses provided to you, such as 192.168.5.2
(DNS server1)/192.168.5.1 (DNS server2).
6 Leave the rest of the fields to the default settings.
7 Click Apply to save your settings.
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Chapter 4 Tutorials
8 You should see a summary of your new DSL connection setup in the Broadband screen as follows.
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Chapter 4 Tutorials
DSL
Try to connect to a website to see if you have correctly set up your Internet connection. Be sure to
contact your service provider for any information you need to configure the WAN screens.
4.3 Setting Up a Secure Wireless Network
Thomas wants to set up a wireless network so that he can use his notebook to access the Internet. In this
wireless network, the VMG serves as an access point (AP), and the notebook is the wireless client. The
wireless client can access the Internet through the AP.
Thomas has to configure the wireless network settings on the VMG. Then he can set up a wireless
network using WPS (Section 4.3.2 on page 40) or manual configuration (Section 4.3.3 on page 44).
4.3.1 Configuring the Wireless Network Settings
This example uses the following parameters to set up a wireless network.
SSID Example
Security Mode WPA2-PSK
Pre-Shared Key DoNotStealMyWirelessNetwork
802.11 Mode 802.11b/g/n Mixed
1 Click Network Setting > Wireless to open the General screen. Select More Secure as the security level
and WPA2-PSK as the security mode. Configure the screen using the provided parameters (see
page 39). Click Apply.
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Chapter 4 Tutorials
2 Go to the Wireless > Others screen and select 802.11b/g/n Mixed in the 802.11 Mode field. Click Apply.
Thomas can now use the WPS feature to establish a wireless connection between his notebook and the
VMG (see Section 4.3.2 on page 40). He can also use the notebook’s wireless client to search for the
VMG (see Section 4.3.3 on page 44).
4.3.2 Using WPS
This section gives you an example of how to set up a wireless network using WPS. This example uses the
VMG as the AP and a WPS-enabled Android 4.4.2 smartphone as the wireless client.
There are two WPS methods for creating a secure connection. This tutorial shows you how to do both.
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Chapter 4 Tutorials
1
2
3
• Push Button Configuration (PBC) - create a secure wireless network simply by pressing a button. See
Section on page 41. This is the easier method.
• PIN Configuration - create a secure wireless network simply by entering a wireless client's PIN (Personal
Identification Number) in the VMG’s interface. See Section on page 42. This is the more secure
method, since one device can authenticate the other.
Push Button Configuration (PBC)
1 Make sure that your VMG is turned on and your notebook is within the cover range of the wireless signal.
2 Push and hold the WPS button located on the VMG’s front panel for more than five seconds.
Alternatively, you may log into VMG’s Web Configurator and go to the Network Setting > Wireless > WPS
screen. Enable the WPS function for method 1 and click Apply. Then click the Connect button.
Note: Your VMG has a WPS button located on its front panel as well as a WPS button in its
configuration utility. Both buttons have exactly the same function: you can use one or
the other.
Note: It doesn’t matter which button is pressed first. You must press the second button within
two minutes of pressing the first one.
The VMG sends the proper configuration settings to the wireless client. This may take up to two minutes.
The wireless client is then able to communicate with the VMG securely.
The following figure shows you how to set up wireless network and security by pressing a button on both
VMG and wireless client (the Android 4.4.2 phone in this example).
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Chapter 4 Tutorials
Wireless Client
SECURITY INFO
COMMUNICATION
WITHIN 2 MINUTES
AP
Figure 19 Example WPS Process: PBC Method
Example WPS Process: PBC Method
PIN Configuration
When you use the PIN configuration method, you need to check the client’s PIN number and use the
VMG’s configuration interface.
1 Go to your phone settings and turn on Wi-Fi. Open the Wi-Fi networks list and tap WPS PIN Entry to get a
PIN number.
2 Log into VMG’s web configurator and go to the Network Setting > Wireless > WPS screen. Enable the
WPS function and click Apply.
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Chapter 4 Tutorials
1
2
3
3 Enter the PIN number of the wireless client and click the Register button. Activate WPS function on the
wireless client utility screen within two minutes.
The VMG authenticates the wireless client and sends the proper configuration settings to the wireless
client. This may take up to two minutes. The wireless client is then able to communicate with the VMG
securely.
The following figure shows you how to set up wireless network and security on VMG and wireless client
(Android 4.4.2 smartphone in this example) by using PIN method.
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Figure 20 Example WPS Process: PIN Method
Authentication by PIN
SECURITY INFO
COMMUNICATION
WITHIN 2 MINUTES
Enter WPS PIN
WPS
from other device:
WPS
START
Wireless Client
Chapter 4 Tutorials
Example WPS Process: PIN Method
4.3.3 Without WPS
Use the wireless adapter’s utility installed on the notebook to search for the “Example” SSID. Then enter
the “DoNotStealMyWirelessNetwork” pre-shared key to establish an wireless Internet connection.
Note: The VMG supports IEEE 802.11b and IEEE 802.11g wireless clients. Make sure that your
notebook or computer’s wireless adapter supports one of these standards.
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DSL
4.4 Setting Up Multiple Wireless Groups
Company A wants to create different wireless network groups for different types of users as shown in the
following figure. Each group has its own SSID and security mode.
• Employees in Company A will use a general Company wireless network group.
• Higher management level and important visitors will use the VIP group.
• Visiting guests will use the Guest group, which has a different SSID and password.
Company A will use the following parameters to set up the wireless network groups.
COMPANY VIP GUEST
SSID Company VIP Guest
Security Level More Secure More Secure More Secure
Security Mode WPA2-PSK WPA2-PSK WPA2-PSK
Pre-Shared Key ForCompanyOnly 123456789 guest123
1 Click Network Setting > Wireless to open the General screen. Use this screen to set up the company’s
general wireless network group. Configure the screen using the provided parameters and click Apply.
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2 Click Network Setting > Wireless > Guest/More AP to open the following screen. Click the Edit icon to
configure the second wireless network group.
3 Configure the screen using the provided parameters and click Apply.
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4 In the Guest/More AP screen, click the Edit icon to configure the third wireless network group. Configure
the screen using the provided parameters and click Apply.
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5 Check the status of VIP and Guest in the Guest/More AP screen. The yellow lightbulbs signify that the
SSIDs are active and ready for wireless access.
4.5 Using the File Sharing Feature
In this section you can:
• Set up file sharing of your USB device from the VMG.
• Access the shared files of your USB device from a computer.
4.5.1 Set Up File Sharing
To set up file sharing you need to connect your USB device, enable file sharing and set up your share(s).
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Before enabling file sharing in the VMG, please set up your shares beforehand in the USB. Also, spaces
and the following special characters listed in the brackets ["`<>^$|&;\/:*?'] are not allowed for the USB
share name.
4.5.1.1 Activate File Sharing
Connect your USB device to the USB port at the side panel of the VMG.
Click Network Setting > USB Service > File Sharing. Select Enable and click Apply to activate the file
sharing function. The VMG automatically adds your USB device to the Information.
Chapter 4 Tutorials
4.5.1.2 Set up File Sharing on Your VMG
You also need to set up file sharing on your VMG in order to share files.
1 Click Add New Share in the File Sharing screen to add a new share. Select your USB device from the
Volume drop-down list box.
2 Click Browse to browse through all the files on your USB device. Select the folder that you want to add as
a share. In this example, select BobShare. Click Apply
If the share names include spaces and the following special characters listed in the brackets
["`<>^$|&;\/:*?'], the following screen will appear. To avoid this, please correct your share names in the
USB, and repeat the steps above.
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3 It’s mandatory for you to add a description for the share. Also, if you want the share to be accessed by
users connecting to the VMG, you can select Public in Access Level or select Security to specific users’
use only. Please note that you need to create the users’ accounts that are eligible to access the secure
shares beforehand under Account Management, if you want to configure the Access Level to Security.
For detailed information, please refer to the steps below. The Add Share Directory screen should look like
the following. Click Apply to finish.
4 This sets up the file sharing server. You can see the USB storage device listed in the table below.
5 If you want specific users only to access the shares, you need to Add New Users in Account
Management. Once you click the Add New User button, you’ll be directed to the User Account screen.
To create a user account that can access the secured shares on the USB device, click the Add New
Account button in the Network Setting > Maintenance > User Account screen.
Please see Chapter 29 on page 225, for detailed information about User Account screen.
6 After you create a new user account, the screen should look like the following.
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4.5.2 Access Your Shared Files From a Computer
You can use Windows Explorer to access the file storage devices connected to the VMG.
Note: The examples in this User’s Guide show you how to use Microsoft’s Windows 7 to browse
your shared files. Refer to your operating system’s documentation for how to browse
your file structure.
Open Windows Explorer to access BobShare using Windows Explorer browser.
In Windows Explorer’s Address bar type a double backslash “\\” followed by the IP address of the VMG
(the default IP address of the VMG is 192.168.1.1) and press [ENTER]. The share folder BobShare is
available.
Once you access BobShare via your VMG, you do not have to relogin unless you restart your computer.
4.6 Using the Media Server Feature
Use the media server feature to play files on a computer or on your television (using DMA-2500).
This section shows you how the media server feature works using the following media clients:
• Microsoft (MS) Windows Media Player
Media Server works with Windows 7. Make sure your computer is able to play media files (music,
videos and pictures).
• Zyxel DMA-2500, a digital media adapter
You need to set up the DMA-2500 to work with your television (TV). Refer to the DMA-2500 Quick Start
Guide for the correct hardware connections.
Before you begin, connect the USB storage device containing the media files you want to play to the
USB port of your VMG.
4.6.1 Configuring the VMG
To use your VMG as a media server, click Network Setting > USB Service > Media Server.
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Enable Media Server, select an interface on which you want to enable the media server function, enter
the path clients use to access the media files on a USB storage device connected to the VMG, and click
Apply. This enables DLNA-compliant media clients to play the video, music and image files in your USB
storage device.
4.6.2 Using Windows Media Player
This section shows you how to play the media files on the USB storage device connected to your VMG
using Windows Media Player.
Windows 7
7 Open Windows Media Player. It should automatically detect the VMG.
8 If you cannot see the VMG in the left panel as shown above, go to Organize > Manage Libraries >
Music/Videos/Pictures/Recorded TV > Add > \\192.168.1.1\BobShare. (Select the folder containing the
media you wish to upload to Windows Media Player.)
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9 In the right panel, you should see a list of files available in the USB storage device.
4.6.3 Using a Digital Media Adapter
This section shows you how you can use the VMG with a Zyxel DMA-2500 to play media files stored in the
USB storage device in your TV screen.
Note: For this tutorial, your DMA-2500 should already be set up with the TV according to the
instructions in the DMA-2500 Quick Start Guide.
1 Connect the DMA-2500 to an available LAN port in your VMG.
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2 Turn on the TV and wait for the DMA-2500 Home screen to appear. Using the remote control, go to
MyMedia to open the following screen. Select the GPON Device as your media server.
3 The screen shows you the list of available media files in the USB storage device. Select the file you want
to open and push the Play button in the remote control.
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DSL
4.7 Configuring Static Route for Routing to Another Network
In order to extend your Intranet and control traffic flowing directions, you may connect a router to the
VMG’s LAN. The router may be used to separate two department networks. This tutorial shows how to
configure a static routing rule for two network routings.
In the following figure, router R is connected to the VMG’s LAN. R connects to two networks, N1
(192.168.1.x/24) and N2 (192.168.10.x/24). If you want to send traffic from computer A (in N1 network) to
computer B (in N2 network), the traffic is sent to the VMG’s WAN default gateway by default. In this
case, B will never receive the traffic.
You need to specify a static routing rule on the VMG to specify R as the router in charge of forwarding
traffic to N2. In this case, the VMG routes traffic from A to R and then R routes the traffic to B.
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This tutorial uses the following example IP settings:
Table 6 IP Settings in this Tutorial
DEVICE / COMPUTER IP ADDRESS
The VMG’s WAN 172.16.1.1
The VMG’s LAN 192.168.1.1
IP Type IPv4
Use Interface VDSL
A 192.168.1.34
R’s N1 192.168.1.253
R’s N2 192.168.10.2
B 192.168.10.33
To configure a static route to route traffic from N1 to N2:
1 Log into the VMG’s Web Configurator in advanced mode.
2 Click Network Setting > Routing.
3 Click Add new Static Route in the Static Route screen.
4 Configure the Static Route Setup screen using the following settings:
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4a Select Enable in the Active field. Enter the Route Name as R.
4b Set IP Type to IPv4.
4c Type 192.168.10.0 and subnet mask 255.255.255.0 for the destination, N2.
4d Select Enable in the Use Gateway IP Address field. Type 192.168.1.253 (R’s N1 address) in the
Gateway IP Address field.
4e Select VDSL as the Use Interface.
4a Click OK.
Now B should be able to receive traffic from A. You may need to additionally configure B’s firewall
settings to allow specific traffic to pass through.
4.8 Configuring QoS Queue and Class Setup
This section contains tutorials on how you can configure the QoS screen.
Let’s say you are a team leader of a small sales branch office. You want to prioritize e-mail traffic
because your task includes sending urgent updates to clients at least twice every hour. You also upload
data files (such as logs and e-mail archives) to the FTP server throughout the day. Your colleagues use
the Internet for research, as well as chat applications for communicating with other branch offices.
In the following figure, your Internet connection has an upstream transmission bandwidth of 10,000 kbps.
For this example, you want to configure QoS so that e-mail traffic gets the highest priority with at least
5,000 kbps. You can do the following:
• Configure a queue to assign the highest priority queue (1) to e-mail traffic going to the WAN
interface, so that e-mail traffic would not get delayed when there is network congestion.
• Note the IP address (192.168.1.23 for example) and/or MAC address (AA:FF:AA:FF:AA:FF for example)
of your computer and map it to queue 7.
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10,000 kbps
DSL
Your computer
IP=192.168.1.23
A colleague’s computer
Other traffic: Automatic classifier
and/or
MAC=AA:FF:AA:FF:AA:FF
Email traffic: Highest priority
DSL
Note: QoS is applied to traffic flowing out of the VMG.
Traffic that does not match this class is assigned a priority queue based on the internal QoS mapping
table on the VMG.
QoS Example
1 Click Network Setting > QoS > General and select Enable. Set your WAN Managed Upstream Bandwidth
to 10,000 kbps (or leave this blank to have the VMG automatically determine this figure). Click Apply.
Tutorial: Advanced > QoS
2 Click Queue Setup > Add new Queue to create a new queue. On the screen that opens, check Active
and enter or select the following values:
• Name: E-mail
• Interface: WAN
• Priority: 1 (High)
• Weight: 8
• Rate Limit: 5,000 (kbps)
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Tutorial: Advanced > QoS > Queue Setup
3 Click Classification Setup > Add new Classification to create a new class. Select Enable in the Active
field and follow the settings as shown on the screen below.
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Tutorial: Advanced > QoS > Class Setup
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Class Name Give a class name to this traffic, such as E-mail in this example.
From Interface This is the interface from which the traffic will be coming from. Select LAN1 for this example.
Ether Type Select IP to identify the traffic source by its IP address or MAC address.
IP Address Type the IP address of your computer - 192.168.1.23. Type the IP Subnet Mask if you know it.
MAC Address Type the MAC address of your computer - AA:FF:AA:FF:AA:FF. Type the MAC Mask if you know it.
To Queue Index Link this to an item in the Network Setting > QoS > Queue Setup screen, which is the E-mail queue
created in this example.
This maps e-mail traffic coming from port 25 to the highest priority, which you have created in the
previous screen (see the IP Protocol field). This also maps your computer’s IP address and MAC address
to the E-mail queue (see the Source fields).
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4.9 Access the VMG Using DDNS
If you connect your VMG to the Internet and it uses a dynamic WAN IP address, it is inconvenient for you
to manage the device from the Internet. The VMG’s WAN IP address changes dynamically. Dynamic
DNS (DDNS) allows you to access the VMG using a domain name.
To use this feature, you have to apply for DDNS service at www.dyndns.org.
This tutorial covers:
• Registering a DDNS Account on www.dyndns.org
• Configuring DDNS on Your VMG
• Testing the DDNS Setting
Note: If you have a private WAN IP address, then you cannot use DDNS.
4.9.1 Registering a DDNS Account on www.dyndns.org
1 Open a browser and type http://www.dyndns.org.
2 Apply for a user account. This tutorial uses UserName1 and 12345 as the username and password.
3 Log into www.dyndns.org using your account.
4 Add a new DDNS host name. This tutorial uses the following settings as an example.
• Hostname: zyxelrouter.dyndns.org
• Service Type: Host with IP address
• IP Address: Enter the WAN IP address that your VMG is currently using. You can find the IP address on
the VMG’s Web Configurator Status page.
Then you will need to configure the same account and host name on the VMG later.
4.9.2 Configuring DDNS on Your VMG
Configure the following settings in the Network Setting > DNS > Dynamic DNS screen.
•Select Enable Dynamic DNS.
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•Select www.DynDNS.com as the service provider.
•Type zyxelrouter.dyndns.org in the Host Name field.
• Enter the user name (UserName1) and password (12345).
Click Apply.
4.9.3 Testing the DDNS Setting
Chapter 4 Tutorials
Now you should be able to access the VMG from the Internet. To test this:
1 Open a web browser on the computer (using the IP address a.b.c.d) that is connected to the Internet.
2 Type http://zyxelrouter.dyndns.org and press [Enter].
3 The VMG’s login page should appear. You can then log into the VMG and manage it.
4.10 Configuring the MAC Address Filter
Thomas noticed that his daughter Josephine spends too much time surfing the web and downloading
media files. He decided to prevent Josephine from accessing the Internet so that she can concentrate
on preparing for her final exams.
Josephine’s computer connects wirelessly to the Internet through the VMG. Thomas decides to use the
Security > MAC Filter screen to grant wireless network access to his computer but not to Josephine’s
computer.
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1 Click Security > MAC Filter to open the MAC Filter screen. Select the Enable check box to activate MAC
filter function.
2 Select Allow. Then enter the host name and MAC address of Thomas’ computer on this screen. Click
Apply.
Thomas can also grant access to the computers of other members of his family and friends. However,
Josephine and others not listed on this screen will no longer be able to access the Internet through the
VMG.
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4.11 Access Your Shared Files From a Computer
Here is how to use an FTP program to access a file storage device connected to the VMG’s USB port.
Note: This example uses the FileZilla FTP program to browse your shared files.
1 In FileZilla enter the IP address of the VMG (the default is 192.168.1.1), your account’s user name and
password and port 21 and click Quickconnect. A screen asking for password authentication appears.
File Sharing via Windows Explore r
2 Once you log in the USB device displays in the mnt folder.
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PART II
Technical Reference
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Network Map and Status
5.1 Overview
After you log into the Web Configurator, the Network Map screen appears. This shows the network
connection status of the VMG and clients connected to it.
You can use the Status screen to look at the current status of the VMG, system resources, and interfaces
(LAN, WAN, and WLAN).
5.2 The Network Map Screen
CHAPTER 5
Screens
Use this screen to view the network connection status of the device and its clients. A warning message
appears if there is a connection problem.
Figure 21 Network Map: Icon View Mode
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If you want to view information about a client, click the client’s name and Info. Click the IP address if
you want to change it. If you want to change the name or icon of the client, click Change name/icon.
If you prefer to view the status in a list, click List View in the Viewing mode selection box. You can
configure how often you want the VMG to update this screen in Refresh interval.
Figure 22 Network Map: List View Mode
5.3 The Status Screen
Use this screen to view the status of the VMG. Click Status to open this screen.
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Figure 23 Status Screen
Chapter 5 Network Map and Status Screens
Each field is described in the following table.
Table 7 Status Screen
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Refresh Interval Select how often you want the VMG to update this screen.
Device Information
Host Name This field displays the VMG system name. It is used for identification.
Model Number This shows the model number of your VMG.
Serial Number This field displays the serial number of the VMG.
Firmware
Version
WAN Information (These fields display when you have a WAN connection.)
Encapsulation This field displays the current encapsulation method.
IP Address This field displays the current IP address of the VMG in the WAN.
IP Subnet Mask This field displays the current subnet mask in the WAN.
MAC Address This shows the WAN Ethernet adapter MAC (Media Access Control) Address of your VMG.
Primary DNS
server
This is the current version of the firmware inside the VMG.
This field displays the first DNS server address assigned by the ISP.
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Table 7 Status Screen (continued)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Secondary DNS
server
DHCP This field displays whether the WAN interface is using a DHCP IP address or a static IP address.
LAN Information
IP Address This is the current IP address of the VMG in the LAN.
IP Subnet Mask This is the current subnet mask in the LAN.
IPv6 Link Local
Address
DHCP This field displays what DHCP services the VMG is providing to the LAN. The possible values
MAC Address This shows the LAN Ethernet adapter MAC (Media Access Control) Address of your VMG.
WLAN 2.4G/5G Information
MAC Address This shows the wireless adapter MAC (Media Access Control) Address of the wireless
Status This displays whether the WLAN is activated.
SSID This is the descriptive name used to identify the VMG in a wireless LAN.
Channel This is the channel number used by the wireless interface now.
Security This displays the type of security mode the wireless interface is using in the wireless LAN.
802.11 Mode This displays the type of 802.11 mode the wireless interface is using in the wireless LAN.
WPS This displays whether WPS is activated on the wireless interface.
Security
Firewall This displays the firewall’s current security level.
System Status
System Up Time This field displays how long the VMG has been running since it last started up. The VMG starts
Current Date/
Time
System Resource
CPU Usage This field displays what percentage of the VMG’s processing ability is currently used. When
Memory Usage This field displays what percentage of the VMG’s memory is currently used. Usually, this
This field displays the second DNS server address assigned by the ISP.
Choices are:
Client - The WAN interface can obtain an IP address from a DHCP server.
None - The WAN interface is using a static IP address.
This field displays the current link-local address of the VMG for the LAN interface.
are:
Server - The VMG is a DHCP server in the LAN. It assigns IP addresses to other computers in
the LAN.
Relay - The VMG acts as a surrogate DHCP server and relays DHCP requests and responses
between the remote server and the clients.
None - The VMG is not providing any DHCP services to the LAN.
interface.
up when you plug it in, when you restart it (Maintenance > Reboot), or when you reset it.
This field displays the current date and time in the VMG. You can change this in
Maintenance> Time Setting.
this percentage is close to 100%, the VMG is running at full load, and the throughput is not
going to improve anymore. If you want some applications to have more throughput, you
should turn off other applications (for example, using QoS; see Chapter 10 on page 149).
percentage should not increase much. If memory usage does get close to 100%, the VMG is
probably becoming unstable, and you should restart the device. See Section 41.2 on page
298, or turn off the device (unplug the power) for a few seconds.
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Table 7 Status Screen (continued)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
NAT Session
Usage
Interface Status
Interface This column displays each interface the VMG has.
Status This field indicates the interface’s use status.
Rate For the Ethernet WAN and LAN interface, this displays the port speed and duplex setting.
This field displays what percentage of the VMG supported NAT sessions are currently being
used. This field also displays the number of active NAT sessions and the maximum number of
NAT sessions the VMG can support.
For the LAN and Ethernet WAN interfaces, this field displays Up when using the interface and
NoLink when not using the interface.
For a WLAN interface, this field displays the enabled (Up) or disabled (Disable) state of the
interface.
For the DSL interface, this field displays Down (line down), Up (line up or connected), Drop
(dropping a call) if you're using PPPoE encapsulation, and NoLink when not using the
interface.
For the cellular interface, this field displays Up when using the interface and NoDevice when
no device is detected in any USB slot.
For the DSL interface, it displays the downstream and upstream transmission rate.
For the WLAN interface, it displays the maximum transmission rate or N/A with WLAN
disabled.
For the cellular interface, this field displays Up when a cellular device is installed in a USB slot
and N/A when no device is detected in any USB slot.
Registration Status
Account This column displays each SIP account in the VMG.
Action If the SIP account is already registered with the SIP server, the Account Status field displays
Registered.
Click Unregister to delete the SIP account’s registration in the SIP server. This does not cancel
your SIP account, but it deletes the mapping between your SIP identity and your IP address
or domain name.
If the SIP account is not registered with the SIP server, the Account Status field displays Not
Registered.
Click Register to have the VMG attempt to register the SIP account with the SIP server.
The button is grayed out if the SIP account is disabled.
Account Status This field displays the current registration status of the SIP account. You have to register SIP
accounts with a SIP server to use VoIP.
Inactive - The SIP account is not active. You can activate it in VoIP > SIP > SIP Account.
Not Registered - The last time the VMG tried to register the SIP account with the SIP server,
the attempt failed. Use the Register button to register the account again. The VMG
automatically tries to register the SIP account when you turn on the VMG or when you
activate it.
Registered - The SIP account is already registered with the SIP server. You can use it to make
a VoIP call.
Service Provider This column displays the service provider name and SIP number for each SIP account.
URI This field displays the account number and service domain of the SIP account. You can
change these in the VoIP > SIP screens.
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6.1 Overview
DSL
This chapter discusses the VMG’s Broadband screens. Use these screens to configure your VMG for
Internet access.
A WAN (Wide Area Network) connection is an outside connection to another network or the Internet. It
connects your private networks, such as a LAN (Local Area Network) and other networks, so that a
computer in one location can communicate with computers in other locations.
Figure 24 LAN and WAN
CHAPTER 6
Broadband
6.1.1 What You Can Do in this Chapter
• Use the Broadband screen to view, remove or add a WAN interface. You can also configure the WAN
settings on the VMG for Internet access (Section 6.2 on page 75).
• Use the Cellular Backup screen to configure cellular WAN connection (Section 6.3 on page 84).
• Use the Advanced screen to enable or disable PTM over ADSL, Annex M/Annex J, and DSL PhyR
functions (Section 6.4 on page 88).
Table 8 WAN Setup Overview
LAYER-2 INTERFACE INTERNET CONNECTION
CONNECTION DSL LINK TYPE MODE ENCAPSULATION CONNECTION SETTINGS
ADSL/VDSL over
PTM
N/A Routing PPPoE PPP information, IPv4/IPv6 IP address,
Bridge N/A VLAN and QoS
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routing feature, DNS server, VLAN,
QoS, and MTU
IPoE IPv4/IPv6 IP address, routing feature,
DNS server, VLAN, QoS, and MTU
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Table 8 WAN Setup Overview
LAYER-2 INTERFACE INTERNET CONNECTION
CONNECTION DSL LINK TYPE MODE ENCAPSULATION CONNECTION SETTINGS
ADSL over ATM EoA Routing PPPoE/PPPoA ATM PVC configuration, PPP
Ethernet
N/A
6.1.2 What You Need to Know
Chapter 6 Broadband
information, IPv4/IPv6 IP address,
routing feature, DNS server, VLAN,
QoS, and MTU
IPoE/IPoA ATM PVC configuration, IPv4/IPv6 IP
address, routing feature, DNS server,
VLAN, QoS, and MTU
Bridge N/A ATM PVC configuration, and QoS
Routing PPPoE PPP user name and password, WAN
IPv4/IPv6 IP address, routing feature,
DNS server, VLAN, QoS, and MTU
IPoE WAN IPv4/IPv6 IP address, NAT, DNS
server and routing feature
Bridge N/A VLAN and QoS
The following terms and concepts may help as you read this chapter.
WAN IP Address
The WAN IP address is an IP address for the VMG, which makes it accessible from an outside network. It is
used by the VMG to communicate with other devices in other networks. It can be static (fixed) or
dynamically assigned by the ISP each time the VMG tries to access the Internet.
If your ISP assigns you a static WAN IP address, they should also assign you the subnet mask and DNS
server IP address(es).
ATM
Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) is a WAN networking technology that provides high-speed data
transfer. ATM uses fixed-size packets of information called cells. With ATM, a high QoS (Quality of Service)
can be guaranteed. ATM uses a connection-oriented model and establishes a virtual circuit (VC)
between Finding Out More
PTM
Packet Transfer Mode (PTM) is packet-oriented and supported by the VDSL2 standard. In PTM, packets
are encapsulated directly in the High-level Data Link Control (HDLC) frames. It is designed to provide a
low-overhead, transparent way of transporting packets over DSL links, as an alternative to ATM.
IPv6 Introduction
IPv6 (Internet Protocol version 6), is designed to enhance IP address size and features. The increase in
IPv6 address size to 128 bits (from the 32-bit IPv4 address) allows up to 3.4 x 10
can use IPv4/IPv6 dual stack to connect to IPv4 and IPv6 networks, and supports IPv6 rapid deployment
(6RD).
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IP addresses. The VMG
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IPv6 Addressing
The 128-bit IPv6 address is written as eight 16-bit hexadecimal blocks separated by colons (:). This is an
example IPv6 address 2001:0db8:1a2b:0015:0000:0000:1a2f:0000.
IPv6 addresses can be abbreviated in two ways:
• Leading zeros in a block can be omitted. So
2001:0db8:1a2b:0015:0000:0000:1a2f:0000 can be written as
2001:db8:1a2b:15:0:0:1a2f:0.
• Any number of consecutive blocks of zeros can be replaced by a double colon. A double
colon can only appear once in an IPv6 address. So
2001:0db8:0000:0000:1a2f:0000:0000:0015 can be written as
2001:0db8::1a2f:0000:0000:0015, 2001:0db8:0000:0000:1a2f::0015,
2001:db8::1a2f:0:0:15 or 2001:db8:0:0:1a2f::15.
IPv6 Prefix and Prefix Length
Similar to an IPv4 subnet mask, IPv6 uses an address prefix to represent the network address. An IPv6
prefix length specifies how many most significant bits (start from the left) in the address compose the
network address. The prefix length is written as “/x” where x is a number. For example,
2001:db8:1a2b:15::1a2f:0/32
means that the first 32 bits (2001:db8) is the subnet prefix.
IPv6 Subnet Masking
Both an IPv6 address and IPv6 subnet mask compose of 128-bit binary digits, which are divided into
eight 16-bit blocks and written in hexadecimal notation. Hexadecimal uses four bits for each character
(1 ~ 10, A ~ F). Each block’s 16 bits are then represented by four hexadecimal characters. For example,
FFFF:FFFF:FFFF:FFFF:FC00:0000:0000:0000.
IPv6 Rapid Deployment
Use IPv6 Rapid Deployment (6rd) when the local network uses IPv6 and the ISP has an IPv4 network.
When the VMG has an IPv4 WAN address and you set IPv6/IPv4 Mode to IPv4 Only, you can enable 6rd
to encapsulate IPv6 packets in IPv4 packets to cross the ISP’s IPv4 network.
The VMG generates a global IPv6 prefix from its IPv4 WAN address and tunnels IPv6 traffic to the ISP’s
Border Relay router (BR in the figure) to connect to the native IPv6 Internet. The local network can also
use IPv4 services. The VMG uses it’s configured IPv4 WAN IP to route IPv4 traffic to the IPv4 Internet.
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Figure 25 IPv6 Rapid Deployment
DSL
DSL
Chapter 6 Broadband
Dual Stack Lite
Use Dual Stack Lite when local network computers use IPv4 and the ISP has an IPv6 network. When the
VMG has an IPv6 WAN address and you set IPv6/IPv4 Mode to IPv6 Only, you can enable Dual Stack Lite
to use IPv4 computers and services.
The VMG tunnels IPv4 packets inside IPv6 encapsulation packets to the ISP’s Address Family Transition
Router (AFTR in the graphic) to connect to the IPv4 Internet. The local network can also use IPv6 services.
The VMG uses it’s configured IPv6 WAN IP to route IPv6 traffic to the IPv6 Internet.
Figure 26 Dual Stack Lite
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6.1.3 Before You Begin
You need to know your Internet access settings such as encapsulation and WAN IP address. Get this
information from your ISP.
6.2 The Broadband Screen
Use this screen to change your VMG’s Internet access settings. Click Network Setting > Broadband from
the menu. The summary table shows you the configured WAN services (connections) on the VMG.
Figure 27 Network Setting > Broadband
The following table describes the labels on this screen.
Table 9 Network Setting > Broadband
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Add New WAN
Interface
# This is the index number of the entry.
Name This is the service name of the connection.
Type This shows whether it is an ATM, Ethernet or a PTM connection.
Mode This shows whether the connection is in routing or bridge mode.
Encapsulation This is the method of encapsulation used by this connection.
802.1p This indicates the 802.1p priority level assigned to traffic sent through this connection. This
802.1q This indicates the VLAN ID number assigned to traffic sent through this connection. This displays
IGMP Proxy This shows whether the VMG act as an IGMP proxy on this connection.
NAT This shows whether NAT is activated or not for this connection.
Default
Gateway
IPv6 This shows whether IPv6 is activated or not for this connection. IPv6 is not available when the
MLD Proxy This shows whether Multicast Listener Discovery (MLD) is activated or not for this connection. MLD
Modify Click the Edit icon to configure the WAN connection.
Click this button to create a new connection.
displays N/A when there is no priority level assigned.
N/A when there is no VLAN ID number assigned.
This shows whether the VMG use the WAN interface of this connection as the system default
gateway.
connection uses the bridging service.
is not available when the connection uses the bridging service.
Click the Delete icon to remove the WAN connection.
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6.2.1 Add/Edit Internet Connection
Click Add New WAN Interfac e in the Broadband screen or the Edit icon next to an existing WAN interface
to configure a WAN connection. The screen varies depending on the interface type, mode,
encapsulation, and IPv6/IPv4 mode you select.
6.2.1.1 Routing Mode
Use Routing mode if your ISP give you one IP address only and you want multiple computers to share an
Internet account.
The following example screen displays when you select the ADSL over ATM connection type, Routing
mode, and PPPoE encapsulation. The screen varies when you select other interface type,
encapsulation, and IPv6/IPv4 mode.
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Chapter 6 Broadband
Figure 28 Network Setting > Broadband > Add New WAN Interface/Edit (Routing Mode)
The following table describes the labels on this screen.
Table 10 Network Setting > Broadband > Add New WAN Interface/Edit (Routing Mode)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
General
Active Select Enable or Disable to activate or deactivate the interface.
Name Specify a descriptive name for this connection.
Type Select whether it is an ADSL/VDSL over PTM or ADSL over ATM connection.
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Table 10 Network Setting > Broadband > Add New WAN Interface/Edit (Routing Mode) (continued)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Mode Select Routing if your ISP give you one IP address only and you want multiple computers to share
an Internet account.
Encapsulation Select the method of encapsulation used by your ISP from the drop-down list box. This option is
IPv4/IPv6 Mode Select IPv4 Only if you want the VMG to run IPv4 only.
PPP Information (This is available only when you select PPPoE or PPPoA in the Mode field.)
PPP User Name Enter the user name exactly as your ISP assigned. If assigned a name in the form user@domain
PPP Password Enter the password associated with the user name above. Select password unmask to show your
PPP Connection
Trigger
Idle Timeout This value specifies the time in minutes that elapses before the router automatically disconnects
PPPoE
Passthrough
IP Address (This is available only when you select IPv4 Only or IPv4 IPv6 DualStack in the IPv4/IPv6 Mode field.)
Obtain an IP
Address
Automatically
Static IP Address Select this option If the ISP assigned a fixed IP address.
IP Address Enter the static IP address provided by your ISP.
Subnet Mask Enter the subnet mask provided by your ISP.
Gateway IP
Address
ATM PVC Configuration (These fields appear when the Type is set to ADSL over ATM.)
VPI The valid range for the VPI is 0 to 255. Enter the VPI assigned to you.
VCI The valid range for the VCI is 32 to 65535 (0 to 31 is reserved for local management of ATM
available only when you select Routing in the Mode field.
The choices depend on the connection type you selected. If your connection type is ADSL/VDSL
over PTM, the choices are PPPoE and IPoE. If your connection type is ADSL over ATM, the choices
are PPPoE, PPPoA, IPoE and IPoA. If your connection type is Ethernet, the choices are PPPoE and
IPoE.
Select IPv4 IPv6 DualStack to allow the VMG to run IPv4 and IPv6 at the same time.
Select IPv6 Only if you want the VMG to run IPv6 only.
where domain identifies a service name, then enter both components exactly as given.
entered password in plain text.
Select when to have the VMG establish the PPP connection.
Auto Connect - select this to not let the connection time out.
On Demand - select this to automatically bring up the connection when the VMG receives
packets destined for the Internet.
from the PPPoE server.
This field is not available if you select Auto Connect in the PPP Connection Trigger field.
This field is available when you select PPPoE encapsulation.
In addition to the VMG’s built-in PPPoE client, you can enable PPPoE pass through to allow up to
ten hosts on the LAN to use PPPoE client software on their computers to connect to the ISP via
the VMG. Each host can have a separate account and a public WAN IP address.
PPPoE pass through is an alternative to NAT for application where NAT is not appropriate.
Disable PPPoE pass through if you do not need to allow hosts on the LAN to use PPPoE client
software on their computers to connect to the ISP.
A static IP address is a fixed IP that your ISP gives you. A dynamic IP address is not fixed; the ISP
assigns you a different one each time you connect to the Internet. Select this if you have a
dynamic IP address.
Enter the gateway IP address provided by your ISP.
traffic). Enter the VCI assigned to you.
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Table 10 Network Setting > Broadband > Add New WAN Interface/Edit (Routing Mode) (continued)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Encapsulation Select the method of multiplexing used by your ISP from the drop-down list box. Choices are:
• LLC/SNAP-BRIDGING: In LCC encapsulation, bridged PDUs are encapsulated by identifying
the type of the bridged media in the SNAP header. This is available only when you select IPoE
or PPPoE in the Select DSL Link Type field.
• VC/MUX: In VC multiplexing, each protocol is carried on a single ATM virtual circuit (VC). To
transport multiple protocols, the VMG needs separate VCs. There is a binding between a VC
and the type of the network protocol carried on the VC. This reduces payload overhead
since there is no need to carry protocol information in each Protocol Data Unit (PDU)
payload.
Service
Category
Peak Cell
Rate [cells/s]
Sustainable
Cell Rate
Maximum
Burst Size
[cells]
VLAN (These fields appear when the Type is set to ADSL/VDSL over PTM.)
Active Select Enable to activate VLAN on this WAN interface. Otherwise, select Disable to deactivate.
802.1p IEEE 802.1p defines up to 8 separate traffic types by inserting a tag into a MAC-layer frame that
802.1q Type the VLAN ID number (from 1 to 4094) for traffic through this connection.
MTU
MTU Enter the MTU (Maximum Transfer Unit) size for this traffic.
Routing Feature (This is available only when you select IPv4 Only or IPv4 IPv6 DualStack in the IPv4/IPv6 Mode field.)
NAT Enable Select this option to activate NAT on this connection.
Fullcone NAT
Enable
IGMP Proxy
Enable
Select UBR Without PCR for applications that are non-time sensitive, such as e-mail.
Select CBR (Continuous Bit Rate) to specify fixed (always-on) bandwidth for voice or data traffic.
Select Non Realtime VBR (non real-time Variable Bit Rate) for connections that do not require
closely controlled delay and delay variation.
Select Realtime VBR (real-time Variable Bit Rate) for applications with bursty connections that
require closely controlled delay and delay variation.
Divide the DSL line rate (bps) by 424 (the size of an ATM cell) to find the Peak Cell Rate (PCR). This
is the maximum rate at which the sender can send cells. Type the PCR here.
The Sustain Cell Rate (SCR) sets the average cell rate (long-term) that can be transmitted. Type
the SCR, which must be less than the PCR. Note that system default is 0 cells/sec.
Maximum Burst Size (MBS) refers to the maximum number of cells that can be sent at the peak
rate. Type the MBS, which is less than 65535.
contains bits to define class of service.
Select the IEEE 802.1p priority level (from 0 to 7) to add to traffic through this connection. The
greater the number, the higher the priority level.
Select this option to enable full cone NAT on this connection. This field is available only when you
activate NAT. In full cone NAT, the VMG maps all outgoing packets from an internal IP address
and port to a single IP address and port on the external network. The VMG also maps packets
coming to that external IP address and port to the internal IP address and port.
Internet Group Multicast Protocol (IGMP) is a network-layer protocol used to establish
membership in a Multicast group - it is not used to carry user data.
Select this option to have the VMG act as an IGMP proxy on this connection. This allows the VMG
to get subscribing information and maintain a joined member list for each multicast group. It can
reduce multicast traffic significantly.
Apply as Default
Gateway
DNS Server (This is available only when you select IPv4 Only or IPv4 IPv6 DualStack in the IPv4/IPv6 Mode field.)
Select this option to have the VMG use the WAN interface of this connection as the system
default gateway.
Select Obtain DNS Info Automically if you want the VMG to use the DNS server addresses
assigned by your ISP.
Select Use Following Static DNS Address if you want the VMG to use the DNS server addresses
you configure manually.
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Table 10 Network Setting > Broadband > Add New WAN Interface/Edit (Routing Mode) (continued)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Primary DNS
Server
Secondary DNS
Server
Tunnel
The DS-Lite (Dual Stack Lite) fields display when you set the IPv4/IPv6 Mode field to IPv6 Only.
Enable Dual Stack Lite to let local computers use IPv4 through an ISP’s IPv6 network. See Dual Stack Lite on page 74
for more information.
Enabled DS-Lite This is available only when you select IPv6 Only in the IPv4/IPv6 Mode field. Select Enable to let
DS-Lite Relay
Server IP
6RD
The 6RD (IPv6 rapid deployment) fields display when you set the IPv6/IPv4 Mode field to IPv4 Only. See IPv6 Rapid
Deployment on page 73 for more information.
6RD Select Enable to tunnel IPv6 traffic from the local network through the ISP’s IPv4 network.
Service Provider
IPv6 Prefix
IPv4 Mask
Length
Border Relay
IPv4 Address
DHCPC Options (This is available only when you select IPv4 Only or IPv4 IPv6 DualStack in the IPv4/IPv6 Mode field.)
Request Options Select Option 43 to have the VMG automatically add vendor specific information in the DHCP
Sent Options
option 60 Select this and enter the device identity you want the VMG to add in the DHCP discovery
Vendor ID Enter the Vendor Class Identifier, such as the type of the hardware or firmware.
option 61 Select this and enter any string that identifies the device.
IAID Enter the Identity Association Identifier (IAID) of the device, for example, the WAN connection
DUID Enter the hardware type, a time value and the MAC address of the device.
option 125 Select this to have the VMG automatically generate and add vendor specific parameters in the
IPv6 Address (This is available only when you select IPv4 IPv6 DualStack or IPv6 Only in the IPv4/IPv6 Mode field.)
Obtain an IPv6
Address
Automatically
Enter the first DNS server address assigned by the ISP.
Enter the second DNS server address assigned by the ISP.
local computers use IPv4 through an ISP’s IPv6 network.
Specify the transition router’s IPv6 address.
Select Manually Configured if you have the IPv4 address of the relay server. Otherwise, select
Automatically configured by DHCPC to have the VMG detect it automatically through DHCP.
The Automatically configured by DHCPC option is configurable only when you set the method of
encapsulation to IPoE.
Enter an IPv6 prefix for tunneling IPv6 traffic to the ISP’s border relay router and connecting to the
native IPv6 Internet.
Enter the subnet mask number (1~32) for the IPv4 network.
When you select Manually Configured, specify the relay server’s IPv4 address in this field.
packets to request the vendor specific options from the DHCP server.
Select Option 120 to have the VMG get the IP address or a fully-qualified domain name of SIP
server from DHCP.
Select Option 121 to have the VMG push static routes to clients.
packets that go to the DHCP server.
index number.
DHCP discovery packets that go to the DHCP server.
Select Obtain an IPv6 Address Automatically if you want to have the VMG use the IPv6 prefix
from the connected router’s Router Advertisement (RA) to generate an IPv6 address.
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Table 10 Network Setting > Broadband > Add New WAN Interface/Edit (Routing Mode) (continued)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Static IPv6
Address
IPv6 Address Enter an IPv6 IP address that your ISP gave to you for this WAN interface.
Prefix Length Enter the address prefix length to specify how many most significant bits in an IPv6 address
IPv6 Default
Gateway
IPv6 Routing Feature (This is available only when you select IPv4 IPv6 DualStack or IPv6 Only in the IPv4/IPv6 Mode
field. You can enable IPv6 routing features in the following section.)
MLD Proxy
Enable
Apply as Default
Gateway
IPv6 DNS Server (This is available only when you select IPv4 IPv6 DualStack or IPv6 Only in the IPv4/IPv6 Mode field.
Configure the IPv6 DNS server in the following section.
Obtain IPv6 DNS
Info
Automatically
Use Following
Static IPv6 DNS
Address
Primary DNS
Server
Secondary DNS
Server
Select Static IPv6 Address if you have a fixed IPv6 address assigned by your ISP. When you select
this, the following fields appear.
compose the network address.
Enter the IP address of the next-hop gateway. The gateway is a router or switch on the same
segment as your VMG's interface(s). The gateway helps forward packets to their destinations.
Select this check box to have the VMG act as an MLD proxy on this connection. This allows the
VMG to get subscription information and maintain a joined member list for each multicast
group. It can reduce multicast traffic significantly.
Select this option to have the VMG use the WAN interface of this connection as the system
default gateway.
Select Obtain IPv6 DNS Info Automatically to have the VMG get the IPv6 DNS server addresses
from the ISP automatically.
Select Use Following Static IPv6 DNS Address to have the VMG use the IPv6 DNS server addresses
you configure manually.
Enter the first IPv6 DNS server address assigned by the ISP.
Enter the second IPv6 DNS server address assigned by the ISP.
6.2.1.2 Bridge Mode
Click the Add new WAN Interface in the Network Setting > Broadband screen or the Edit icon next to the
connection you want to configure. Select Bridge as the encapsulation mode. The screen varies
depending on the interface type you select.
If you select ADSL/VDSL over PTM as the interface type, the following screen appears.
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Figure 29 Network Setting > Broadband > Add New WAN Interface/Edit (ADSL/VDSL over PTM -Bridge
Mode)
The following table describes the fields on this screen.
Table 11 Network Setting > Broadband > Add New WAN Interface/Edit (ADSL/VDSL over PTM -Bridge
Mode)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
General
Active Select Enable or Disable to activate or deactivate the interface.
Name Enter a service name of the connection.
Type Select ADSL/VDSL over PTM as the interface that you want to configure. The VMG uses the VDSL
technology for data transmission over the DSL port.
Mode Select Bridge when your ISP provides you more than one IP address and you want the connected
computers to get individual IP address from ISP’s DHCP server directly. If you select Bridge, you
cannot use routing functions, such as QoS, Firewall, DHCP server and NAT on traffic from the
selected LAN port(s).
VLAN This section is available only when you select ADSL/VDSL over PTM in the Type field.
Active Select Enable to activate VLAN on this WAN interface. Otherwise, select Disable to deactivate.
802.1p IEEE 802.1p defines up to 8 separate traffic types by inserting a tag into a MAC-layer frame that
contains bits to define class of service.
Select the IEEE 802.1p priority level (from 0 to 7) to add to traffic through this connection. The greater
the number, the higher the priority level.
802.1q Type the VLAN ID number (from 0 to 4094) for traffic through this connection.
OK Click OK to save your changes.
Cancel Click Cancel to exit this screen without saving.
If you select ADSL over ATM as the interface type, the following screen appears.
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Figure 30 Network Setting > Broadband > Add New WAN Interface/Edit (ADSL over ATM-Bridge Mode)
The following table describes the fields on this screen.
Table 12 Network Setting > Broadband > Add New WAN Interface/Edit (ADSL over ATM-Bridge Mode)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
General
Active Select Enable or Disable to activate or deactivate the interface.
Name Enter a service name of the connection.
Type Select ADSL over ATM as the interface that you want to configure. The VMG uses the ADSL
technology for data transmission over the DSL port.
Mode Select Bridge when your ISP provides you more than one IP address and you want the
ATM PVC Configuration (These fields appear when the Type is set to ADSL over ATM.)
VPI The valid range for the VPI is 0 to 255. Enter the VPI assigned to you.
VCI
Encapsulation
Peak Cell
Rate [cells/s]
Sustainable
Cell Rate
Maximum
Burst Size
[cells]
connected computers to get individual IP address from ISP’s DHCP server directly. If you select
Bridge, you cannot use routing functions, such as QoS, Firewall, DHCP server and NAT on traffic
from the selected LAN port(s).
The valid range for the VCI is 32 to 65535 (0 to 31 is reserved for local management of ATM
traffic). Enter the VCI assigned to you.
Select the method of multiplexing used by your ISP from the drop-down list box. Choices are:
• LLC/SNAP-BRIDGING: In LCC encapsulation, bridged PDUs are encapsulated by identifying the
type of the bridged media in the SNAP header. This is available only when you select IPoE or
PPPoE in the Encapsulation field.
• VC/MUX: In VC multiplexing, each protocol is carried on a single ATM virtual circuit (VC). To
transport multiple protocols, the VMG needs separate VCs. There is a binding between a VC
and the type of the network protocol carried on the VC. This reduces payload overhead since
there is no need to carry protocol information in each Protocol Data Unit (PDU) payload.
Divide the DSL line rate (bps) by 424 (the size of an ATM cell) to find the Peak Cell Rate (PCR). This
is the maximum rate at which the sender can send cells. Type the PCR here.
The Sustain Cell Rate (SCR) sets the average cell rate (long-term) that can be transmitted. Type
the SCR, which must be less than the PCR. Note that system default is 0 cells/sec.
Maximum Burst Size (MBS) refers to the maximum number of cells that can be sent at the peak
rate. Type the MBS, which is less than 65535.
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Table 12 Network Setting > Broadband > Add New WAN Interface/Edit (ADSL over ATM-Bridge Mode)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Service
Category
VLAN This section is available only when you select ADSL/VDSL over PTM in the Type field.
Active Select Enable to activate VLAN on this WAN interface. Otherwise, select Disable to deactivate.
802.1p IEEE 802.1p defines up to 8 separate traffic types by inserting a tag into a MAC-layer frame that
802.1q Type the VLAN ID number (from 0 to 4094) for traffic through this connection.
OK Click OK to save your changes.
Cancel Click Cancel to exit this screen without saving.
Select UBR Without PCR for applications that are non-time sensitive, such as e-mail.
Select CBR (Continuous Bit Rate) to specify fixed (always-on) bandwidth for voice or data traffic.
Select Non Realtime VBR (non real-time Variable Bit Rate) for connections that do not require
closely controlled delay and delay variation.
Select Realtime VBR (real-time Variable Bit Rate) for applications with bursty connections that
require closely controlled delay and delay variation.
contains bits to define class of service.
Select the IEEE 802.1p priority level (from 0 to 7) to add to traffic through this connection. The
greater the number, the higher the priority level.
6.3 The Cellular Backup Screen
The USB port (at the side panel of the VMG) allows you to attach a cellular dongle to wirelessly connect
to a cellular network for Internet access. You can have the VMG use the cellular WAN connection as a
backup. Disconnect the DSL and Ethernet WAN ports to use the cellular dongle as your primary WAN
connection. The VMG automatically uses a wired WAN connection when available.
Figure 31 Internet Access Application: Cellular WAN
Use this screen to configure your cellular settings. Click Network Setting > Broadband > Cellular Backup.
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Note: The actual data rate you obtain varies depending the cellular card you use, the signal
strength to the service provider’s base station, and so on.
Figure 32 Network Setting > Broadband > Cellular Backup
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The following table describes the labels on this screen.
Table 13 Network Setting > Broadband > Cellular Backup
LABEL DESCRIPTION
General
Cellular Backup Select Enable to have the VMG use the cellular connection as your WAN or a backup when the
wired WAN connection fails.
Ping Check Select Enable if you want the VMG to ping check the connection status of your WAN. You can
configure the frequency of the ping check and number of consecutive failures before triggering
cellular backup.
Check Cycle Enter the frequency of the ping check in this field.
Consecutive Fail Enter how many consecutive failures are required before cellular backup is triggered.
Ping Default
Gateway
Ping the Host Select this to have the VMG ping the particular host name or IP address you typed in this field.
Cellular Connection Settings
Card
description
Username Type the user name (of up to 64 ASCII printable characters) given to you by your service
Password Type the password (of up to 64 ASCII printable characters) associated with the user name
PIN A PIN (Personal Identification Number) code is a key to a cellular card. Without the PIN code,
Select this to have the VMG ping the WAN interface’s default gateway IP address.
This field displays the manufacturer and model name of your cellular card if you inserted one in
the VMG. Otherwise, it displays N/A.
provider.
above.
you cannot use the cellular card.
If your ISP enabled PIN code authentication, enter the 4-digit PIN code (0000 for example)
provided by your ISP. If you enter the PIN code incorrectly, the cellular card may be blocked by
your ISP and you cannot use the account to access the Internet.
If your ISP disabled PIN code authentication, leave this field blank.
Dial string Enter the phone number (dial string) used to dial up a connection to your service provider’s base
APN Enter the APN (Access Point Name) provided by your service provider. Connections with
Connection Select Nailed UP if you do not want the connection to time out.
Max Idle
Timeout
Obtain an IP
Address
Automatically
Use the
following static
IP address
IP Address Enter your WAN IP address in this field if you selected Use the following static IP address.
Subnet Mask Enter the subnet mask of the IP address.
Obtain DNS info
dynamically
station. Your ISP should provide the phone number.
For example, *99# is the dial string to establish a GPRS or cellular connection in Taiwan.
different APNs may provide different services (such as Internet access or MMS (Multi-Media
Messaging Service)) and charge method.
You can enter up to 32 ASCII printable characters. Spaces are allowed.
Select on Demand if you do not want the connection up all the time and specify an idle timeout in the Max Idle Timeout field.
This value specifies the time in minutes that elapses before the VMG automatically disconnects
from the ISP.
Select this option if your ISP did not assign you a fixed IP address.
Select this option if the ISP assigned a fixed IP address.
Select this to have the VMG get the DNS server addresses from the ISP automatically.
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Table 13 Network Setting > Broadband > Cellular Backup (continued)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Use the
following static
DNS IP address
Primary DNS
server
Secondary
DNS server
Enable Email
Notification
Mail Account Select an e-mail address you have configured in Maintenance > Email Notification. The VMG
Cellular backup
Email Title
Send
Notification to
Email
Advanced Click this to show the advanced cellular backup settings.
Budget Setup
Enable Budget
Control
Time Budget Select this and specify the amount of time (in hours) that the cellular connection can be used
Data Budget
(Mbytes)
Select this to have the VMG use the DNS server addresses you configure manually.
Enter the first DNS server address assigned by the ISP.
Enter the second DNS server address assigned by the ISP.
Select this to enable the e-mail notification function. The VMG will e-mail you a notification when
the cellular connection is up.
uses the corresponding mail server to send notifications.
You must have configured a mail server already in the Maintenance > Email Notification screen.
Type a title that you want to be in the subject line of the e-mail notifications that the VMG sends.
Notifications are sent to the e-mail address specified in this field. If this field is left blank,
notifications cannot be sent via e-mail.
Select Enable to set a monthly limit for the user account of the installed cellular card. You can set
a limit on the total traffic and/or call time. The VMG takes the actions you specified when a limit
is exceeded during the month.
within one month. If you change the value after you configure and enable budget control, the
VMG resets the statistics.
Select this and specify how much downstream and/or upstream data (in Mega bytes) can be
transmitted via the cellular connection within one month.
Select Download/Upload to set a limit on the total traffic in both directions.
Data Budget
(kPackets)
Reset all budget
counters on
Reset time and
data budget
counters
Select Download to set a limit on the downstream traffic (from the ISP to the VMG).
Select Upload to set a limit on the upstream traffic (from the VMG to the ISP).
If you change the value after you configure and enable budget control, the VMG resets the
statistics.
Select this and specify how much downstream and/or upstream data (in k Packets) can be
transmitted via the cellular connection within one month.
Select Download/Upload to set a limit on the total traffic in both directions.
Select Download to set a limit on the downstream traffic (from the ISP to the VMG).
Select Upload to set a limit on the upstream traffic (from the VMG to the ISP).
If you change the value after you configure and enable budget control, the VMG resets the
statistics.
Select the date on which the VMG resets the budget every month. Select last if you want the
VMG to reset the budget on the last day of the month. Select specific and enter the number of
the date you want the VMG to reset the budget
Click this button to reset the time and data budgets immediately. The count starts over with the
cellular connection’s full configured monthly time and data budgets. This does not affect the
normal monthly budget restart; so if you configured the time and data budget counters to reset
on the second day of the month and you use this button on the first, the time and data budget
counters will still reset on the second.
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Table 13 Network Setting > Broadband > Cellular Backup (continued)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Actions before
over budget
Enable % of time
budget/data
budget
(Mbytes)/data
budget
(kPackets)
Actions when
over budget
Current Cellular
connection
Actions
Enable Email
Notification
Mail Account Select an e-mail address you have configured in Maintenance > Email Notification. The VMG
Cellular Backup
E-mail Title
Send
Notification to
Email
Interval Enter the interval of how many minutes you want the VMG to e-mail you.
Enable Log Select this to activate the logging function at the interval you set in this field.
Basic Click this to hide the advanced settings of cellular backup.
Apply Click Apply to save your changes back to the VMG.
Cancel Click Cancel to return to the previous configuration.
Specify the actions the VMG takes before the time or data limit exceeds.
Select Enable and enter a number from 1 to 99 in the percentage fields. If you change the value
after you configure and enable budget control, the VMG resets the statistics.
Specify the actions the VMG takes when the time or data limit is exceeded.
Select Keep to maintain an existing cellular connection or Drop to disconnect it.
Select this to enable the e-mail notification function. The VMG will e-mail you a notification when
there over budget occurs.
uses the corresponding mail server to send notifications.
You must have configured a mail server already in the Maintenance > Email Notification screen.
Type a title that you want to be in the subject line of the e-mail notifications that the VMG sends.
Notifications are sent to the e-mail address specified in this field. If this field is left blank,
notifications cannot be sent via e-mail.
6.4 The Advanced Screen
Use the Advanced screen to enable or disable ADSL over PTM, Annex M, DSL PhyR, and SRA (Seamless
Rate Adaptation) functions. The VMG supports the PhyR retransmission scheme. PhyR is a retransmission
scheme designed to provide protection against noise on the DSL line. It improves voice, video and data
transmission resilience by utilizing a retransmission buffer.
ITU-T G.993.2 standard defines a wide range of settings for various parameters, some of which are
encompassed in profiles as shown in the next table.
Table 14 VDSL Profiles
PROFILE
8a 8.832 2048 4.3125 17.5 50
8b 8.832 2048 4.3125 20.5 50
8c 8.5 1972 4.3125 11.5 50
BANDWIDTH
(MHZ)
NUMBER OF
DOWNSTREAM
CARRIERS
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CARRIER
BANDWIDTH
(KHZ)
POWER (DBM)
MAX.
DOWNSTREAM
THROUGHPUT
(MBIT/S)
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Table 14 VDSL Profiles (continued)
PROFILE
8d 8.832 2048 4.3125 14.5 50
12a 12 2783 4.3125 14.5 68
12b 12 2783 4.3125 14.5 68
17a 17.664 4096 4.3125 14.5 100
BANDWIDTH
(MHZ)
NUMBER OF
DOWNSTREAM
CARRIERS
CARRIER
BANDWIDTH
(KHZ)
POWER (DBM)
Click Network Setting > Broadband > Advanced to display the following screen.
Figure 33 Network Setting > Broadband > Advanced
MAX.
DOWNSTREAM
THROUGHPUT
(MBIT/S)
The following table describes the labels on this screen.
Table 15 Network Setting > Broadband > Advanced
LABEL DESCRIPTION
DSL Capabilities
PhyR US Enable or disable PhyR US (upstream) for upstream transmission to the WAN. PhyR US should be
enabled if data being transmitted upstream is sensitive to noise. However, enabling PhyR US can
decrease the US line rate. Enabling or disabling PhyR will require the CPE to retrain. For PhyR to
function, the DSLAM must also support PhyR and have it enabled.
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Table 15 Network Setting > Broadband > Advanced (continued)
LABEL DESCRIPTION
PhyR DS Enable or disable PhyR DS (downstream) for downstream transmission from the WAN. PhyR DS
should be enabled if data being transmitted downstream is sensitive to noise. However,
enabling PhyR DS can decrease the DS line rate. Enabling or disabling PhyR will require the CPE
to retrain. For PhyR to function, the DSLAM must also support PhyR and have it enabled.
Bitswap Select Enable to allow the VMG to adapt to line changes when you are using G.dmt.
Bit-swapping is a way of keeping the line more stable by constantly monitoring and redistributing
bits between channels.
SRA Enable or disable Seamless Rate Adaption (SRA). Select Enable to have the VMG automatically
adjust the connection’s data rate according to line conditions without interrupting service.
DSL Modulation
PTM over ADSL: Select Enable to use PTM over ADSL. Since PTM has less overhead than ATM, some ISPs use this for
G.Dmt: ITU G.992.1 (better known as G.dmt) is an ITU standard for ADSL using discrete multitone
G.lite : ITU G.992.2 (better known as G.lite) is an ITU standard for ADSL using discrete multitone
T1.413 : ANSI T1.413 is a technical standard that defines the requirements for the single asymmetric
ADSL2 : It optionally extends the capability of basic ADSL in data rates to 12 Mbit/s downstream and,
AnnexL : Annex L is an optional specification in the ITU-T ADSL2 recommendation G.992.3 titled Specific
ADSL2+ : ADSL2+ extends the capability of basic ADSL by doubling the number of downstream channels.
AnnexM : Annex M is an optional specification in ITU-T recommendations G.992.3 (ADSL2) and G.992.5
VDSL2 VDSL2 (Very High Speed Digital Subscriber Line 2) is the second generation of the VDSL standard
VDSL Profile VDSL2 profiles differ in the width of the frequency band used to transmit the broadband signal.
8a, 8b, 8c, 8d,
12a, 12b, 17a,
US0
Apply Click Apply to save your changes back to the VMG.
Cancel Click Cancel to return to the previous configuration.
better performance.
modulation. G.dmt full-rate ADSL expands the usable bandwidth of existing copper telephone
lines, delivering high-speed data communications at rates up to 8 Mbit/s downstream and 1.3
Mbit/s upstream.
modulation. G.lite does not strictly require the use of DSL filters, but like all variants of ADSL
generally functions better with splitters.
digital subscriber line (ADSL) for the interface between the telecommunications network and
the customer installation in terms of their interaction and electrical characteristics.
depending on Annex version, up to 3.5 Mbit/s upstream (with a mandatory capability of ADSL2
transceivers of 8 Mbit/s downstream and 800 kbit/s upstream).
requirements for a Reach Extended ADSL2 (READSL2) system operating in the frequency band
above POTS, therefore it is often referred to as Reach Extended ADSL2 or READSL2.The main
difference between this specification and commonly deployed Annex A is the maximum
distance that can be used. The power of the lower frequencies used for transmitting data is
boosted up to increase the reach of this signal up to 7 kilometers (23,000 ft).
The data rates can be as high as 24 Mbit/s downstream and up to 1.4 Mbit/s upstream
depending on the distance from the DSLAM to the customer's premises.
(ADSL2+), also referred to as ADSL2 M and ADSL2+ M. This specification extends the capability of
commonly deployed Annex A by more than doubling the number of upstream bits. The data
rates can be as high as 12 or 24 Mbit/s downstream and 3 Mbit/s upstream depending on the
distance from the DSLAM to the customer's premises.
(which is currently denoted VDSL1). VDSL2 allows a frequency band of up to 30MHz and
transmission rates of up to 100 Mbps in each direction. VDSL2 is defined in G.993.2.
Profiles that use a wider frequency band can deliver higher maximum speeds.
The G.993.2 VDSL standard defines a wide range of profiles that can be used in different VDSL
deployment settings, such as in a central office, a street cabinet or a building.
The VMG must comply with at least one profile specified in G.993.2. but compliance with more
than one profile is allowed.
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6.5 Technical Reference
The following section contains additional technical information about the VMG features described in
this chapter.
Encapsulation
Be sure to use the encapsulation method required by your ISP. The VMG can work in bridge mode or
routing mode. When the VMG is in routing mode, it supports the following methods.
IP over Ethernet
IP over Ethernet (IPoE) is an alternative to PPPoE. IP packets are being delivered across an Ethernet
network, without using PPP encapsulation. They are routed between the Ethernet interface and the
WAN interface and then formatted so that they can be understood in a bridged environment. For
instance, it encapsulates routed Ethernet frames into bridged Ethernet cells.
PPP over ATM (PPPoA)
PPPoA stands for Point to Point Protocol over ATM Adaptation Layer 5 (AAL5). A PPPoA connection
functions like a dial-up Internet connection. The VMG encapsulates the PPP session based on RFC1483
and sends it through an ATM PVC (Permanent Virtual Circuit) to the Internet Service Provider’s (ISP)
DSLAM (digital access multiplexer). Please refer to RFC 2364 for more information on PPPoA. Refer to RFC
1661 for more information on PPP.
PPP over Ethernet (PPPoE)
Point-to-Point Protocol over Ethernet (PPPoE) provides access control and billing functionality in a
manner similar to dial-up services using PPP. PPPoE is an IETF standard (RFC 2516) specifying how a
personal computer (PC) interacts with a broadband modem (DSL, cable, wireless, etc.) connection.
For the service provider, PPPoE offers an access and authentication method that works with existing
access control systems (for example RADIUS).
One of the benefits of PPPoE is the ability to let you access one of multiple network services, a function
known as dynamic service selection. This enables the service provider to easily create and offer new IP
services for individuals.
Operationally, PPPoE saves significant effort for both you and the ISP or carrier, as it requires no specific
configuration of the broadband modem at the customer site.
By implementing PPPoE directly on the VMG (rather than individual computers), the computers on the
LAN do not need PPPoE software installed, since the VMG does that part of the task. Furthermore, with
NAT, all of the LANs’ computers will have access.
RFC 1483
RFC 1483 describes two methods for Multiprotocol Encapsulation over ATM Adaptation Layer 5 (AAL5).
The first method allows multiplexing of multiple protocols over a single ATM virtual circuit (LLC-based
multiplexing) and the second method assumes that each protocol is carried over a separate ATM virtual
circuit (VC-based multiplexing). Please refer to RFC 1483 for more detailed information.
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Multiplexing
There are two conventions to identify what protocols the virtual circuit (VC) is carrying. Be sure to use the
multiplexing method required by your ISP.
VC-based Multiplexing
In this case, by prior mutual agreement, each protocol is assigned to a specific virtual circuit; for
example, VC1 carries IP, etc. VC-based multiplexing may be dominant in environments where dynamic
creation of large numbers of ATM VCs is fast and economical.
LLC-based Multiplexing
In this case one VC carries multiple protocols with protocol identifying information being contained in
each packet header. Despite the extra bandwidth and processing overhead, this method may be
advantageous if it is not practical to have a separate VC for each carried protocol, for example, if
charging heavily depends on the number of simultaneous VCs.
Traffic Shaping
Traffic Shaping is an agreement between the carrier and the subscriber to regulate the average rate
and fluctuations of data transmission over an ATM network. This agreement helps eliminate congestion,
which is important for transmission of real time data such as audio and video connections.
Peak Cell Rate (PCR) is the maximum rate at which the sender can send cells. This parameter may be
lower (but not higher) than the maximum line speed. 1 ATM cell is 53 bytes (424 bits), so a maximum
speed of 832Kbps gives a maximum PCR of 1962 cells/sec. This rate is not guaranteed because it is
dependent on the line speed.
Sustained Cell Rate (SCR) is the mean cell rate of each bursty traffic source. It specifies the maximum
average rate at which cells can be sent over the virtual connection. SCR may not be greater than the
PCR.
Maximum Burst Size (MBS) is the maximum number of cells that can be sent at the PCR. After MBS is
reached, cell rates fall below SCR until cell rate averages to the SCR again. At this time, more cells (up to
the MBS) can be sent at the PCR again.
If the PCR, SCR or MBS is set to the default of "0", the system will assign a maximum value that correlates
to your upstream line rate.
The following figure illustrates the relationship between PCR, SCR and MBS.
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Figure 34 Example of Traffic Shaping
ATM Traffic Classes
These are the basic ATM traffic classes defined by the ATM Forum Traffic Management 4.0 Specification.
Constant Bit Rate (CBR)
Constant Bit Rate (CBR) provides fixed bandwidth that is always available even if no data is being sent.
CBR traffic is generally time-sensitive (doesn't tolerate delay). CBR is used for connections that
continuously require a specific amount of bandwidth. A PCR is specified and if traffic exceeds this rate,
cells may be dropped. Examples of connections that need CBR would be high-resolution video and
voice.
Variable Bit Rate (VBR)
The Variable Bit Rate (VBR) ATM traffic class is used with bursty connections. Connections that use the
Variable Bit Rate (VBR) traffic class can be grouped into real time (VBR-RT) or non-real time (VBR-nRT)
connections.
The VBR-RT (real-time Variable Bit Rate) type is used with bursty connections that require closely
controlled delay and delay variation. It also provides a fixed amount of bandwidth (a PCR is specified)
but is only available when data is being sent. An example of an VBR-RT connection would be video
conferencing. Video conferencing requires real-time data transfers and the bandwidth requirement
varies in proportion to the video image's changing dynamics.
The VBR-nRT (non real-time Variable Bit Rate) type is used with bursty connections that do not require
closely controlled delay and delay variation. It is commonly used for "bursty" traffic typical on LANs. PCR
and MBS define the burst levels, SCR defines the minimum level. An example of an VBR-nRT connection
would be non-time sensitive data file transfers.
Unspecified Bit Rate (UBR)
The Unspecified Bit Rate (UBR) ATM traffic class is for bursty data transfers. However, UBR doesn't
guarantee any bandwidth and only delivers traffic when the network has spare bandwidth. An example
application is background file transfer.
IP Address Assignment
A static IP is a fixed IP that your ISP gives you. A dynamic IP is not fixed; the ISP assigns you a different one
each time. The Single User Account feature can be enabled or disabled if you have either a dynamic or
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static IP. However the encapsulation method assigned influences your choices for IP address and
default gateway.
Introduction to VLANs
A Virtual Local Area Network (VLAN) allows a physical network to be partitioned into multiple logical
networks. Devices on a logical network belong to one group. A device can belong to more than one
group. With VLAN, a device cannot directly talk to or hear from devices that are not in the same
group(s); the traffic must first go through a router.
In Multi-Tenant Unit (MTU) applications, VLAN is vital in providing isolation and security among the
subscribers. When properly configured, VLAN prevents one subscriber from accessing the network
resources of another on the same LAN, thus a user will not see the printers and hard disks of another user
in the same building.
VLAN also increases network performance by limiting broadcasts to a smaller and more manageable
logical broadcast domain. In traditional switched environments, all broadcast packets go to each and
every individual port. With VLAN, all broadcasts are confined to a specific broadcast domain.
Introduction to IEEE 802.1Q Tagged VLAN
A tagged VLAN uses an explicit tag (VLAN ID) in the MAC header to identify the VLAN membership of a
frame across bridges - they are not confined to the switch on which they were created. The VLANs can
be created statically by hand or dynamically through GVRP. The VLAN ID associates a frame with a
specific VLAN and provides the information that switches need to process the frame across the network.
A tagged frame is four bytes longer than an untagged frame and contains two bytes of TPID (Tag
Protocol Identifier), residing within the type/length field of the Ethernet frame) and two bytes of TCI (Tag
Control Information), starts after the source address field of the Ethernet frame).
The CFI (Canonical Format Indicator) is a single-bit flag, always set to zero for Ethernet switches. If a
frame received at an Ethernet port has a CFI set to 1, then that frame should not be forwarded as it is to
an untagged port. The remaining twelve bits define the VLAN ID, giving a possible maximum number of
4,096 VLANs. Note that user priority and VLAN ID are independent of each other. A frame with VID
(VLAN Identifier) of null (0) is called a priority frame, meaning that only the priority level is significant and
the default VID of the ingress port is given as the VID of the frame. Of the 4096 possible VIDs, a VID of 0 is
used to identify priority frames and value 4095 (FFF) is reserved, so the maximum possible VLAN
configurations are 4,094.
TPID
2 Bytes
User Priority
3 Bits
CFI
1 Bit
VLAN ID
12 Bits
Multicast
IP packets are transmitted in either one of two ways - Unicast (1 sender - 1 recipient) or Broadcast (1
sender - everybody on the network). Multicast delivers IP packets to a group of hosts on the network not everybody and not just 1.
Internet Group Multicast Protocol (IGMP) is a network-layer protocol used to establish membership in a
Multicast group - it is not used to carry user data. IGMP version 2 (RFC 2236) is an improvement over
version 1 (RFC 1112) but IGMP version 1 is still in wide use. If you would like to read more detailed
information about interoperability between IGMP version 2 and version 1, please see sections 4 and 5 of
RFC 2236. The class D IP address is used to identify host groups and can be in the range 224.0.0.0 to
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239.255.255.255. The address 224.0.0.0 is not assigned to any group and is used by IP multicast
computers. The address 224.0.0.1 is used for query messages and is assigned to the permanent group of
all IP hosts (including gateways). All hosts must join the 224.0.0.1 group in order to participate in IGMP.
The address 224.0.0.2 is assigned to the multicast routers group.
At start up, the VMG queries all directly connected networks to gather group membership. After that,
the VMG periodically updates this information.
DNS Server Address Assignment
Use Domain Name System (DNS) to map a domain name to its corresponding IP address and vice versa,
for instance, the IP address of www.zyxel.com is 204.217.0.2. The DNS server is extremely important
because without it, you must know the IP address of a computer before you can access it.
The VMG can get the DNS server addresses in the following ways.
1 The ISP tells you the DNS server addresses, usually in the form of an information sheet, when you sign up.
If your ISP gives you DNS server addresses, manually enter them in the DNS server fields.
2 If your ISP dynamically assigns the DNS server IP addresses (along with the VMG’s WAN IP address), set
the DNS server fields to get the DNS server address from the ISP.
IPv6 Addressing
The 128-bit IPv6 address is written as eight 16-bit hexadecimal blocks separated by colons (:). This is an
example IPv6 address 2001:0db8:1a2b:0015:0000:0000:1a2f:0000.
IPv6 addresses can be abbreviated in two ways:
• Leading zeros in a block can be omitted. So 2001:0db8:1a2b:0015:0000:0000:1a2f:0000 can be
written as 2001:db8:1a2b:15:0:0:1a2f:0.
• Any number of consecutive blocks of zeros can be replaced by a double colon. A double colon can
only appear once in an IPv6 address. So 2001:0db8:0000:0000:1a2f:0000:0000:0015 can be
written as 2001:0db8::1a2f:0000:0000:0015, 2001:0db8:0000:0000:1a2f::0015,
2001:db8::1a2f:0:0:15 or 2001:db8:0:0:1a2f::15.
IPv6 Prefix and Prefix Length
Similar to an IPv4 subnet mask, IPv6 uses an address prefix to represent the network address. An IPv6
prefix length specifies how many most significant bits (start from the left) in the address compose the
network address. The prefix length is written as “/x” where x is a number. For example,
2001:db8:1a2b:15::1a2f:0/32
means that the first 32 bits (2001:db8) is the subnet prefix.
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7.1 Overview
This chapter describes the VMG’s Network Setting > Wireless screens. Use these screens to set up your
VMG’s wireless connection.
7.1.1 What You Can Do in this Chapter
This section describes the VMG’s Wireless screens. Use these screens to set up your VMG’s wireless
connection.
• Use the General screen to enable the Wireless LAN, enter the SSID and select the wireless security
mode (Section 7.2 on page 97).
• Use the Guest/More AP screen to set up multiple wireless networks on your VMG (Section 7.3 on page
100).
• Use the MAC Authentication screen to allow or deny wireless clients based on their MAC addresses
from connecting to the VMG (Section 7.4 on page 103).
• Use the WPS screen to enable or disable WPS, view or generate a security PIN (Personal Identification
Number) (Section 7.5 on page 105).
• Use the WMM screen to enable Wi-Fi MultiMedia (WMM) to ensure quality of service in wireless
networks for multimedia applications (Section 7.6 on page 106).
• Use the Others screen to configure wireless advanced features, such as the RTS/CTS Threshold
(Section 7.7 on page 107).
• Use the Channel Status screen to scan wireless LAN channel noises and view the results (Section 7.8 on
page 109).
• Use the MESH screen to enable or disable Zyxel Mesh (Multy Pro)(Section 7.9 on page 109).
• Use the WLAN Scheduler screen to set up schedule for the VMG’s multiple wireless networks (Section
7.10 on page 111).
CHAPTER 7
Wireless
7.1.2 What You Need to Know
Wireless Basics
“Wireless” is essentially radio communication. In the same way that walkie-talkie radios send and
receive information over the airwaves, wireless networking devices exchange information with one
another. A wireless networking device is just like a radio that lets your computer exchange information
with radios attached to other computers. Like walkie-talkies, most wireless networking devices operate
at radio frequency bands that are open to the public and do not require a license to use. However,
wireless networking is different from that of most traditional radio communications in that there a
number of wireless networking standards available with different methods of data encryption.
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Finding Out More
See Section 7.11 on page 113 for advanced technical information on wireless networks.
7.2 The General Screen
Use this screen to enable the Wireless LAN, enter the SSID and select the wireless security mode.
Note: If you are configuring the VMG from a computer connected to the wireless LAN and
you change the VMG’s SSID, channel or security settings, you will lose your wireless
connection when you press Apply to confirm. You must then change the wireless
settings of your computer to match the VMG’s new settings.
Click Network Setting > Wireless to open the General screen.
Figure 35 Network Setting > Wireless > General
Chapter 7 Wireless
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The following table describes the general wireless LAN labels on this screen.
Table 16 Network Setting > Wireless > General
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Wireless
Wireless Select Keep 2.4G and 5G wireless name the same to give the same SSID and password to both
2.4G and 5G wireless networks. The SSID and password of the 2.4G wireless network will be used.
Wireless Network Setup
Band This shows the wireless band that this radio profile is using. 2.4GHz is the frequency used by IEEE
802.11b/g/n wireless clients while 5GHz is used by IEEE 802.11a/ac wireless clients.
Wireless You can Enable or Disable the wireless LAN in this field.
Channel Use Auto to have the VMG automatically determine a channel to use.
Bandwidth Select whether the VMG uses a wireless channel width of 20MHz, 40MHz or 80MHz.
A standard 20MHz channel offers transfer speeds of up to 150Mbps whereas a 40MHz channel
uses two standard channels and offers speeds of up to 300 Mbps.
40MHz (channel bonding or dual channel) bonds two adjacent radio channels to increase
throughput. The wireless clients must also support 40 MHz. It is often better to use the 20 MHz
setting in a location where the environment hinders the wireless signal.
An 80MHz channel groups adjacent 40MHz channels into pairs to increase bandwidth even
higher.
Select 20MHz if you want to lessen radio interference with other wireless devices in your
neighborhood or the wireless clients do not support channel bonding.
Control
Sideband
Wireless Network Settings
Wireless
Network Name
Max Clients Specify the maximum number of clients that can connect to this network at the same time.
Hide SSID Select this check box to hide the SSID in the outgoing beacon frame so a station cannot obtain
Multicast
Forwarding
Max. Upstream
Bandwidth
Max.
Downstream
Bandwidth
BSSID This shows the MAC address of the wireless interface on the VMG when wireless LAN is enabled.
Security Level
Security Mode Select More Secure (WPA(2)-PSK) to add security on this wireless network. The wireless clients
Apply Click Apply to save your changes.
Cancel Click Cancel to restore your previously saved settings.
This is available for some regions when you select a specific channel and set the Bandwidth field
to 40MHz. Set whether the control channel (set in the Channel field) should be in the Lower or
Upper range of channel bands.
The SSID (Service Set IDentity) identifies the service set with which a wireless device is associated.
Wireless devices associating to the access point (AP) must have the same SSID.
Enter a descriptive name (up to 32 English keyboard characters) for the wireless LAN.
the SSID through scanning using a site survey tool.
Select this check box to allow the VMG to convert wireless multicast traffic into wireless unicast
traffic.
Specify the maximum rate for upstream wireless traffic to the WAN from this WLAN in kilobits per
second (Kbps).
Specify the maximum rate for downstream wireless traffic to this WLAN from the WAN in kilobits
per second (Kbps).
which want to associate to this network must have same wireless security settings as the VMG.
When you select to use a security, additional options appears on this screen.
Or you can select No Security to allow any client to associate this network without any data
encryption or authentication.
See the following sections for more details about this field.
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7.2.1 No Security
Select No Security to allow wireless stations to communicate with the access points without any data
encryption or authentication.
Note: If you do not enable any wireless security on your VMG, your network is accessible to
any wireless networking device that is within range.
Figure 36 Wireless > General: No Security
The following table describes the labels on this screen.
Table 17 Wireless > General: No Security
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Security Level Choose No Security to allow all wireless connections without data encryption or authentication.
Chapter 7 Wireless
7.2.2 More Secure (WPA(2)-PSK)
The WPA-PSK security mode provides both improved data encryption and user authentication over
WEP. Using a Pre-Shared Key (PSK), both the VMG and the connecting client share a common password
in order to validate the connection. This type of encryption, while robust, is not as strong as WPA, WPA2
or even WPA2-PSK. The WPA2-PSK security mode is a newer, more robust version of the WPA encryption
standard. It offers slightly better security, although the use of PSK makes it less robust than it could be.
Click Network Setting > Wireless to display the General screen. Select More Secure as the security level.
Then select WPA2-PSK from the Security Mode list.
Figure 37 Wireless > General: More Secure: WPA(2)-PSK
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The following table describes the labels in this screen.
Table 18 Wireless > General: More Secure: WPA(2)-PSK
LABEL DESCRIPTION
Security Level Select More Secure to enable WPA(2)-PSK data encryption.
Security Mode The VMG offers WPA2-PSK data encryption..
Generate
password
automatically
Password The encryption mechanisms used for WPA(2) and WPA(2)-PSK are the same. The only difference
more.../less Click more... to show more fields in this section. Click less to hide them.
Encryption The VMG offers Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) encryption for networks secured with
Select this option to have the VMG automatically generate a password. The password field will
not be configurable when you select this option.
between the two is that WPA(2)-PSK uses a simple common password, instead of user-specific
credentials.
If you did not select Generate password automatically, you can manually type a pre-shared key
from 8 to 64 case-sensitive keyboard characters.
By default, the passwords for the 2.4G and 5G wireless networks are the same when the two
wireless networks use different SSIDs. Remember to change the passwords if you don’t want
them to be identical.
WPA2.
Group Key
Update Timer
The Group Key Update Timer is the rate at which the RADIUS server sends a new group key out to
all clients.
7.3 The Guest/More AP Screen
This screen allows you to enable and configure multiple Basic Service Sets (BSSs) on the VMG.
Click Network Setting > Wireless > Guest/More AP. The following screen displays.
The following table introduces the supported wireless networks..
Table 19 Supported Wireless Networks
WIRELESS
NETWORKS
Main/1 Network Setting > Wireless >
Guest/3 Network Setting > Wireless >
Figure 38 Network Setting > Wireless > Guest/More AP
WHERE TO CONFIGURE
General screen
Guest/More AP screen
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