YOKOGAWA WT1600 User Manual

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Digital Power Meter

Advanced Test Equipment Rentals

www.atecorp.com 800-404-ATEC (2832)

IM 760101-01E

4th Edition

Product Registration

Thank you for purchasing YOKOGAWA products.

YOKOGAWA provides registered users with a variety of information and services. Please allow us to serve you best by completing the product registration form accessible from our homepage.

http://www.yokogawa.com/tm/

PIM 103-01E

Notes

Thank you for purchasing the YOKOGAWA WT1600 Digital Power Meter. This user’s manual contains useful information about the functions, operating procedures, and handling precautions of the instrument. To ensure correct use, please read this manual thoroughly before beginning operation. After reading the manual, keep it in a convenient location for quick reference whenever a question arises during operation. The following two manuals, including this one, are provided as manuals for the WT1600. Read them along with this manual.

Manual Title Manual No. Description

WT1600 Digital Power Meter IM 760101-01E This manual. Explains all functions and User’s Manual procedures of the WT1600 excluding

the communication functions.

WT1600 Digital Power Meter IM 760101-11E Explains the communication functions Communication Interface of the GP-IB, RS-232, and Ethernet User’s Manual interfaces.

• The contents of this manual are subject to change without prior notice as a result of continuing improvements to the instrument’s performance and functions. The figures given in this manual may differ from the actual screen.

• Every effort has been made in the preparation of this manual to ensure the accuracy of its contents. However, should you have any questions or find any errors, please contact your nearest YOKOGAWA dealer.

• Copying or reproducing all or any part of the contents of this manual without the permission of Yokogawa Electric Corporation is strictly prohibited.

• The TCP/IP software of this product and the document concerning the TCP/IP software have been developed/created by YOKOGAWA based on the BSD Networking Software, Release 1 that has been licensed from California University.

Trademarks

• MS-DOS is either a registered trademark or trademark of Microsoft Corporation in the United States and/or other countries.

• Adobe, Adobe Acrobat, and PostScript are registered trademarks or trademarks of Adobe Systems Incorporated.

• Zip is either a registered trademark or trademark of Iomega Corporation in the United States and/or other countries.

• For purposes of this manual, the TM and ® symbols do not accompany their respective trademark names or registered trademark names.

• Other company and product names are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective companies.

Revisions

• First edition: June 2001

• Second edition: August 2001

• Third edition: December 2002

• Fouth edition: April 2004

IM 760101-01E

Checking the Contents of the Package

Unpack the box and check the contents before operating the instrument. If some of the contents are not correct or missing or if there is physical damage, contact the dealer from which you purchased them.

WT1600

Check that the model name and suffix code given on the name plate on the side panel match those on the order.

MODEL SUFFIX

NO.

Made in Japan

MODEL SUFFIX

NO.

Made in Japan

MODEL and SUFFIX Codes

Model Suffix Code Description

760101 100-120 / 200-240 VAC

For details on the construction of the current input terminal that is equipped on the instrument, see the next section.

Current input terminal Element 123456 Construction

-01 50 A –––––

-02 50 A 50 A – – – –

-03 50 A 50 A 50 A – – –

-04 50 A 50 A 50 A 50 A – –

-05 50 A 50 A 50 A 50 A 50 A –

-06 50 A 50 A 50 A 50 A 50 A 50 A

-10 5 A –––––

-11 5 A 50 A – – – –

-12 5 A 50 A 50 A – – –

-13 5 A 50 A 50 A 50 A – –

-14 5 A 50 A 50 A 50 A 50 A –

-15 5 A 50 A 50 A 50 A 50 A 50 A

-20 5 A 5 A– – – –

-21 5 A 5 A 50 A – – –

-22 5 A 5 A 50 A 50 A – –

-23 5 A 5 A 50 A 50 A 50 A –

-24 5 A 5 A 50 A 50 A 50 A 50 A

-30 5 A 5 A5 A– – –

-31 5 A 5 A 5 A 50 A – –

-32 5 A 5 A 5 A 50 A 50 A –

-33 5 A 5 A 5 A 50 A 50 A 50 A

-40 5 A 5 A5 A5 A– –

-41 5 A 5 A5 A5 A50 A–

-42 5 A 5 A 5 A 5 A 50 A 50 A

-50 5 A 5 A5 A5 A5 A–

-51 5 A 5 A5 A5 A5 A50 A

-60 5 A 5 A5 A5 A5 A5 A

Communication interface -C1 GP-IB Interface (Either one is built in.) -C2 Serial (RS-232) interface

ii IM 760101-01E

Checking the Contents of the Package

Suffix Code Description

Power cord -D UL/CSA Standard power cord (Part No.: A1006WD)

-F VDE Standard Power Cord (Part No.: A1009WD)

-Q BS Standard Power Cord (Part No.: A1054WD)

-R AS Standard Power Cord (Part No.: A1024WD)

Options /B5 Built-in printer

/C7 SCSI /C10 SCSI, Ethernet interface, and internal hard disk. /DA D/A output (30 channels) /MTR Motor evaluation function (Either /C7 or /C10 can be added)

Example of specifications and suffix code

Ex: 5-A input terminals in elements 1 through 3, 50-A input terminals in elements 4 through 6, GP-IB interface, UL/CSA standard power cord, built-in printer, and SCSI → 760101-33-C1-D/ B5/C7

[Maximum rated voltage: 125 V; Maximum rated current: 7 A]

[Maximum rated voltage: 250 V; Maximum rated current: 10 A]

[Maximum rated voltage: 240 V; Maximum rated current: 10 A]

NO. (Instrument No.)

When contacting the dealer from which you purchased the instrument, please quote the instrument No.

IM 760101-01E

iii

Checking the Contents of the Package

Standard Accessories

The following are supplied with the instrument.

Part Name Part Number Q’ty Notes

1. Power cord See the previous table. 1 –

2. Spare power fuse A1354EF 1 250 V, 6.3 A, time lag

3. Printer roll paper B9316FX 2 For the built-in printer

4. Rubber feet A9088ZM 2 Two pieces in one set.

5. 36-pin connector A1005JD 1 For D/A output

6. Current input protective cover B9316BX 1 With 4 attachment screws, part

7. • User’s Manual IM760101-01E 1 This manual

• Communication Interface IM760101-11E 1 – User’s Manual

1. (One of the following power cords is supplied according to the instrument's suffix codes.)

(attached to the fuse holder)

Provided only with option /B5

Two sets provided.

Provided only with option /DA

number B9946GZ.

6. 7.5.

iv IM 760101-01E

Optional Accessories (Sold Separately)

The following optional accessories are available for purchase separately.

Part Name Part Number Q’ty Notes

1. Serial port adapter 366971 1 9 pin*1-25 pin*2adapter

2. BNC-alligator clip 366926 1 42 V or less, length 1 m

3. BNC-BNC 366924 1 42 V or less, length 1 m measurement lead 366925 1 42 V or less, length 2 m

4. External sensor cable B9284LK 1 For connecting the current sensor

5. Measurement lead 758917 1 Two leads in one set, used with

6. Alligator clip adapter set 758922 1 Two pieces in one set, for the

7. Alligator clip adapter set 758929 1 Two pieces in one set, for the

8. Fork terminal adapter set 758921 1 Two pieces in one set, for the

Checking the Contents of the Package

*1 EIA-574 Standard *2 EIA-232 Standard (RS-232)

measurement lead

input connector of the WT1600 Length 0.5 m

the separately sold 758922 or 758929 adapter, length 0.75 m, ratings 1000 V

758917 measurement lead. Rated voltage 300 V

758917 measurement lead. Rated voltage 1000 V

758917 measurement lead. Rated current 25 A

Spare Parts (Sold Separately)

The following spare parts are available.

Part Name Part Number Q’ty Notes

1. Printer roll paper B9316FX 10 One roll is one set, thermal-

2. Power fuse A1354EF 2 250 V, 6.3 A, time lag

3. 4.

sensitive paper, total length 10 m

IM 760101-01E

Safety Precautions

This instrument is an IEC safety class I instrument (provided with terminal for protective earth grounding). The general safety precautions described herein must be observed during all phases of operation. If the instrument is used in a manner not specified in this manual, the protection provided by the instrument may be impaired. Yokogawa Electric Corporation assumes no liability for the customer’s failure to comply with these requirements.

The following symbols are used on this instrument.

“Handle with care.” (To avoid injury, death of personnel or damage to the instrument, the operator must refer to the explanation in the User’s Manual or Service Manual.)

Electric shock, danger

Alternating current

Both direct and alternating current

ON(power)

OFF(power)

In-position of a bistable push control

Out-position of a bistable push control

Ground

vi IM 760101-01E

Safety Precautions

Make sure to comply with the precautions below. Not complying might result in injury or death.

WARNING

Power Supply

Ensure that the source voltage matches the voltage of the power supply before turning ON the power.

Power Cord and Plug

To prevent the possibility of electric shock or fire, be sure to use the power cord supplied by YOKOGAWA. The main power plug must be plugged into an outlet with a protective earth terminal. Do not invalidate this protection by using an extension cord without protective earth grounding.

Protective Grounding

Make sure to connect the protective earth to prevent electric shock before turning ON the power.

Necessity of Protective Grounding

Never cut off the internal or external protective earth wire or disconnect the wiring of the protective earth terminal. Doing so poses a potential shock hazard.

Defect of Protective Grounding

Do not operate the instrument if the protective earth or fuse might be defective. Also, make sure to check them before operation.

Fuse

To avoid the possibility of fire, only use a fuse that has a rating (voltage, current, and type) that is specified by the instrument. When replacing a fuse, turn OFF the power switch and unplug the power cord. Never short the fuse holder.

Do Not Operate in an Explosive Atmosphere

Do not operate the instrument in the presence of flammable liquids or vapors. Operation in such environments constitutes a safety hazard.

Do Not Remove Covers

The cover should be removed by YOKOGAWA’s qualified personnel only. Opening the cover is dangerous, because some areas inside the instrument have high voltages.

External Connection

Securely connect the protective grounding before connecting to the item under measurement or an external control unit.

IM 760101-01E

vii

How to Use This Manual

Structure of the Manual

This user’s manual consists of the following sections.

Chapter 1 Explanation of Functions

Describes the functions of the instrument. Operating procedures are not given in this chapter. However, reading this chapter will help you understand the operating procedures given in the chapters that follow.

Chapter 2 Names and Uses of Parts

Describes the names and uses of each part of the instrument.

Chapter 3 Before Starting Measurements

Describes precautions for the use of the instrument, how to install the instrument, how to connect to the power supply, how to wire measurement circuits, how to turn ON/OFF the power switch, and other preparations before starting measurements.

Chapter 4 Screen Display Format

Describes how to display numerical data, waveforms, bar graphs, vectors, and trends, the mixed display, and the meaning of each displayed item.

Chapter 5 Measurement Conditions

Describes how to set the input conditions for the measured voltage/current signal and the handling of the input signal such as the wiring system, the measurement range, the filter, averaging, data update rate, and the crest factor.

Chapter 6 Normal Measurement and Integration

Describes how to set the displayed items of numerical data during normal measurement, how to set the computing equation, and how to set integration.

Chapter 7 Harmonic Measurement

Describes how to set the displayed item of numerical data, the PLL source, the order of analysis, the computing equation, the bar graph, and the vector display during harmonic measurement.

Chapter 8 Motor Evaluation (Option)

Describes how to set the instrument in order to determine the motor characteristics by inputting signals from revolution sensors and torque meters.

Chapter 9 Waveform Display

Describes how to display the waveforms of the voltage and current signals.

Chapter 10 Trend Display

Describes how to display the trend.

Chapter 11 Storing and Recalling Data and Saving the Stored Data

Describes how to store and recall the data and how to save the stored data.

Chapter 12 Saving and Loading the Data

Describes how to save setup parameters, waveform display data, numerical data, and screen image data and how to load the saved data to the instrument.

Chapter 13 Ethernet Communications (Option)

Describes how to mutually transfer files containing setup parameters, waveform display data, and numerical data with PCs and workstations that are on the network using the Ethernet interface.

Chapter 14 Built-in Printer (Option)

Describes how to output numerical data and screen image to the built-in printer.

Chapter 15 D/A Output and Other Functions

Describes how to set the D/A output and other functions.

Chapter 16 Troubleshooting, Maintenance, and Inspection

Describes the possible causes of problems and their appropriate corrective measures. Describes the messages that are displayed on the screen. Describes maintenance and inspection issues such as how to perform self-tests and replace power fuses.

Chapter 17 Specifications

Summarizes the specifications of the instrument in tables.

Appendix

Describes how to determine the measurement function and delta computation. Gives a list of initial settings. Describes the ASCII header file format.

Index

Alphabetic and symbol index of contents.

viii IM 760101-01E

Conventions Used in This Manual

Unit

k: Denotes 1000. Example: 15 kg, 100 kHz K: Denotes 1024. Example: 640 KB (Storage capacity of floppy disks)

Displayed Characters

Bold characters used in the procedural explanations indicate characters that are displayed on the panel keys for the respective procedure or the characters on the screen. SHIFT+key means you will press SHIFT to turn ON the indicator that is located above and to the left of SHIFT followed by the operation key. The menu written below the pressed key appears on the screen.

Symbols

The following symbols are used in this manual.

How to Use This Manual

Improper handling or use can lead to injury to the user or damage to the instrument.

indicate that the user must refer to the user’s manual for special instructions. The same symbol appears in the corresponding place in the user’s manual to identify those instructions. In the manual, the symbol is used in conjunction with the word “WARNING” or “CAUTION.”

This symbol appears on the instrument to

WARNING

CAUTION

Note

Symbols Used on Pages Describing Operating Procedures

On pages that describe the operating procedures in Chapter 3 through 16, the following symbols are used to distinguish the procedures from their explanations.

Keys

Procedure

Explanation

Describes precautions that should be observed to prevent injury or death to the user.

Describes precautions that should be observed to prevent minor or moderate injury, or damage to the instrument.

Provides important information for the proper operation of the instrument.

Indicates the key related to the operation.

Follow the steps indicated with numbers. The procedures are given with the premise that the user is carrying out the steps for the first time. Depending on the operation, not all steps need to be taken.

This section describes the setup parameters and the limitations regarding the procedures. It does not give a detailed explanation of the function. For details on the function, see chapter 1.

IM 760101-01E

Checking the Contents of the Package ...........................................................................................ii

Safety Precautions .........................................................................................................................vi

How to Use This Manual .............................................................................................................. viii

Chapter 1 Explanation of Functions

1.1 System Configuration and Block Diagram ....................................................................... 1-1

1.2 Measurement Function and Measurement Period ........................................................... 1-3

1.3 Measurement Conditions ................................................................................................. 1-9

1.4 Numeric Display ............................................................................................................. 1-14

1.5 Computation................................................................................................................... 1-18

1.6 Integration ...................................................................................................................... 1-20

1.7 Waveform Display .......................................................................................................... 1-23

1.8 Bar Graphs, Vectors, and Trend Displays ...................................................................... 1-29

1.9 Saving and Loading Data and Other Functions ............................................................. 1-32

Chapter 2 Names and Uses of Parts

2.1 Front Panel, Rear Panel, and Top View ........................................................................... 2-1

2.2 Operation Keys, Jog Shuttle ............................................................................................ 2-3

Chapter 3 Before Starting Measurements

3.1 Precautions Concerning the Use of the Instrument ......................................................... 3-1

3.2 Installing the Instrument ................................................................................................... 3-2

3.3 Wiring Precautions ...........................................................................................................3-4

3.4 For Making Accurate Measurements ............................................................................... 3-6

3.5 Connecting the Power Supply.......................................................................................... 3-8

3.6 Directly Wiring the Circuit under Measurement ............................................................... 3-9

3.7 Using an External Current Sensor to Wire the Circuit under Measurement .................. 3-12

3.8 Using an External PT or CT to Wire the Circuit under Measurement ............................ 3-16

3.9 Wiring a Circuit with Voltage Input Exceeding 600 V ..................................................... 3-19

3.10 Turning ON/OFF the Power Switch................................................................................ 3-20

3.11 Setting the Date and Time ............................................................................................. 3-22

3.12 Entering Values and Strings........................................................................................... 3-24

Chapter 4 Screen Display Format

4.1 Displaying the Data (Numerical Data) of Measurement Functions .................................. 4-1

4.2 Displaying Waveforms ................................................................................................... 4-10

4.3 Displaying Bar Graphs ................................................................................................... 4-12

4.4 Displaying Vectors ......................................................................................................... 4-14

4.5 Displaying Trends .......................................................................................................... 4-15

4.6 Listing the Setup Parameters......................................................................................... 4-17

Chapter 5 Measurement Conditions

5.1 Selecting the Wiring System ............................................................................................ 5-1

5.2 Setting the Measurement Range during Direct Input ....................................................... 5-4

5.3 Setting the Measurement Range When Using an External Current Sensor .................. 5-10

5.4 Setting the Scaling Function When Using an External PT or CT ................................... 5-14

5.5 Selecting the Input Filter ................................................................................................ 5-17

5.6 Averaging ....................................................................................................................... 5-19

5.7 Changing the Data Update Rate .................................................................................... 5-22

x IM 760101-01E

5.8 Holding the Display and Performing Single Measurements........................................... 5-24

5.9 Holding the Numerical Data Display at the Maximum .................................................... 5-25

5.10 Performing Master/Slave Synchronized Measurements ................................................ 5-26

5.11 Selecting the Crest Factor ............................................................................................. 5-29

Chapter 6 Normal Measurement and Integration

6.1 Changing the Displayed Item of Numerical Data ............................................................. 6-1

6.2 Setting the Measurement Period ..................................................................................... 6-4

6.3 Selecting the Frequency Measurement Target ................................................................ 6-7

6.4 Setting the User-Defined Function ................................................................................... 6-8

6.5 Setting the Delta Computation ....................................................................................... 6-12

6.6 Setting the Equations for Apparent Power and Corrected Power .................................. 6-15

6.7 Selecting the Display Format of the Phase Difference .................................................. 6-18

6.8 Setting the Normal Integration Mode and the Integration Timer .................................... 6-20

6.9 Setting the Real-time Integration Mode, the Integration Timer, and the

Reservation Time ........................................................................................................... 6-23

6.10 Selecting the Current Mode for Current Integration and ON/OFF of Integration Auto

Calibration ......................................................................................................................6-29

6.11 Performing Integration (Start, Stop, and Reset)............................................................. 6-31

Contents

Chapter 7 Harmonic Measurement

7.1 Setting the Harmonic Measurement Mode ...................................................................... 7-1

7.2 Changing the Displayed Item of Numerical Data ............................................................. 7-2

7.3 Selecting the Measurement Target .................................................................................. 7-7

7.4 Selecting the PLL Source................................................................................................. 7-8

7.5 Setting the Harmonic Order to Be Analyzed .................................................................. 7-11

7.6 Selecting the Equation for the Distortion Factor ............................................................ 7-13

7.7 Changing the Data Length ............................................................................................. 7-14

7.8 Setting the User-Defined Function ................................................................................. 7-15

7.9 Changing the Display Items of Bar Graphs and Performing Cursor Measurements ..... 7-19

7.10 Changing the Vector Display.......................................................................................... 7-23

Chapter 8 Motor Evaluation (Option)

8.1 Inputting Signals of Rotating Speed and Torque.............................................................. 8-1

8.2 Selecting the Input Range of the Revolution and Torque Signals and the Synchronization

Source .............................................................................................................................. 8-3

8.3 Selecting the Line Filter ................................................................................................... 8-6

8.4 Setting the Scaling Factor, the Pulse Count, and Unit Used to Measure the Rotating

Speed ............................................................................................................................... 8-7

8.5 Setting the Scaling Factor and Unit Used to Measure the Torque ................................. 8-10

8.6 Setting the Motor’s Number of Poles Used to Compute the Synchronous Speed and the

Slip ................................................................................................................................. 8-12

8.7 Setting the Scaling Factor and Unit Used to Compute the Motor Output ...................... 8-14

8.8 Computing the Motor Efficiency and Total Efficiency ..................................................... 8-16

Chapter 9 Waveform Display

9.1 Retrieving Waveform Display Data .................................................................................. 9-1

9.2 Setting the Time Axis ....................................................................................................... 9-2

9.3 Setting the Trigger............................................................................................................ 9-4

9.4 Zooming Vertically and Moving the Vertical Position ....................................................... 9-8

9.5 Turning ON/OFF the Waveform Display ........................................................................ 9-11

9.6 Splitting the Screen and Displaying Waveforms ............................................................ 9-13

App

IM 760101-01E

Index

Contents

9.7 Interpolating the Display and Changing the Graticule.................................................... 9-16

9.8 Turning ON/OFF the Scale Value and Waveform Label ................................................ 9-19

9.9 Performing Cursor Measurements ................................................................................. 9-21

Chapter 10 Trend Display

10.1 Retrieving Trend Display Data ....................................................................................... 10-1

10.2 Selecting the Trend Display Target ................................................................................ 10-2

10.3 Turning ON/OFF the Trend Display ............................................................................... 10-6

10.4 Splitting the Screen and Displaying Trends ................................................................... 10-8

10.5 Setting the Time Axis ................................................................................................... 10-10

10.6 Setting the Scale .......................................................................................................... 10-12

10.7 Performing Cursor Measurements ............................................................................... 10-14

10.8 Restarting the Trend .................................................................................................... 10-18

Chapter 11 Storing and Recalling Data and Saving the Stored Data

11.1 Setting the Store Mode .................................................................................................. 11-1

11.2 Setting the Store Count, the Store Interval, and the Store Reservation Time................ 11-3

11.3 Setting the Numerical Data and Waveform Display Data to Be Stored ......................... 11-6

11.4 Storing the Data ........................................................................................................... 11-10

11.5 Saving the Stored Data ................................................................................................ 11-13

11.6 Recalling the Stored Data ............................................................................................ 11-20

Chapter 12 Saving and Loading the Data

12.1 Precautions to Be Taken When Using the Floppy Disk Drive ........................................ 12-1

12.2 Built-in Hard Disk (Option) ............................................................................................. 12-2

12.3 Connecting a SCSI Device ............................................................................................ 12-3

12.4 Changing the SCSI ID Number ...................................................................................... 12-4

12.5 Formatting the Disk ........................................................................................................ 12-6

12.6 Saving Setup Parameters, Waveform Display Data, and Numerical Data................... 12-11

12.7 Saving Screen Image Data .......................................................................................... 12-20

12.8 Loading Setup Parameters .......................................................................................... 12-23

12.9 Specifying the File to Be Displayed, Viewing File Properties, and Changing the File

Attribute ........................................................................................................................ 12-26

12.10 Deleting Files ............................................................................................................... 12-29

12.11 Copying Files ............................................................................................................... 12-32

12.12 Renaming Directories and Files and Creating Directories ........................................... 12-36

Chapter 13 Ethernet Communications (Option)

13.1 Connecting the WT1600 to a PC ................................................................................... 13-1

13.2 Setting the Ethernet Interface (TCP/IP) ......................................................................... 13-2

13.3 Saving Setup, Waveform Display, Numerical, and Image Data to the FTP Server

(FTP Client Function) ..................................................................................................... 13-8

13.4 Outputting the Screen Image to a Network Printer ...................................................... 13-11

13.5 Sending E-mail Messages ........................................................................................... 13-15

13.6 Accessing the WT1600 from a PC or Workstation (FTP Server Function) .................. 13-19

13.7 Checking the Presence of the Ethernet Interface (Option) and the MAC address ...... 13-23

13.8 Setting the FTP Passive Mode and LPR/SMTP Timeout ............................................. 13-24

Chapter 14 Built-in Printer (Option)

14.1 Installing the Paper Roll and Paper Feeding ................................................................. 14-1

14.2 Printing Screen Images .................................................................................................. 14-5

14.3 Printing Numerical Data Lists and Bar Graphs .............................................................. 14-7

xii IM 760101-01E

Chapter 15 D/A Output and Other Functions

15.1 Setting the D/A Output (Option) ..................................................................................... 15-1

15.2 RGB Video Signal (VGA) Output ................................................................................... 15-9

15.3 Initializing the Settings ................................................................................................. 15-10

15.4 Performing Zero-Level Compensation ......................................................................... 15-12

15.5 Using the NULL Function ............................................................................................. 15-13

15.6 Selecting the Message Language and the Screen Brightness .................................... 15-14

15.7 Setting the Display Color of the Screen ....................................................................... 15-16

15.8 Setting Key Lock .......................................................................................................... 15-19

Contents

Chapter 16 Troubleshooting, Maintenance, and Inspection

16.1 Troubleshooting ............................................................................................................. 16-1

16.2 Error Messages and Corrective Actions......................................................................... 16-2

16.3 Performing a Self-Test ................................................................................................... 16-6

16.4 Checking the System Conditions ................................................................................... 16-8

16.5 Replacing the Power Fuse ............................................................................................. 16-9

16.6 Recommended Replacement Parts ............................................................................. 16-10

Chapter 17 Specifications

17.1 Input ............................................................................................................................... 17-1

17.2 Display ........................................................................................................................... 17-2

17.3 Measurement Functions (Items) during Normal Measurement...................................... 17-3

17.4 Measurement Functions (Items) during Harmonic Measurement .................................. 17-5

17.5 Accuracy ........................................................................................................................ 17-7

17.6 Functions ..................................................................................................................... 17-10

17.7 Input/Output of the Master/Slave Synchronization Signal............................................ 17-16

17.8 External Clock Input ..................................................................................................... 17-16

17.9 RGB Video Signal (VGA) Output ................................................................................. 17-17

17.10 Built-in Floppy Disk ...................................................................................................... 17-17

17.11 Built-in Hard Disk (Option) ........................................................................................... 17-17

17.12 SCSI (Option) ............................................................................................................... 17-17

17.13 Ethernet Interface (Option) .......................................................................................... 17-18

17.14 Built-in Printer (Option) ................................................................................................ 17-18

17.15 GP-IB Interface ............................................................................................................ 17-18

17.16 Serial (RS-232) Interface ............................................................................................. 17-19

17.17 General Specifications ................................................................................................. 17-19

17.18 External Dimensions .................................................................................................... 17-21

Appendix

Index

IM 760101-01E

Appendix 1 Symbols and Determination of Measurement Functions .................................. App-1

Appendix 2 Determination of Delta Computation ................................................................. App-6

Appendix 3 List of Initial Settings and Display Order of Numerical Data ............................. App-8

Appendix 4 ASCII Header File Format ...............................................................................App-14

Appendix 5 Power Basics

(Power/Harmonics/Three Constants Related to the AC Circuit) ..................... App-17

xiii

App

Index

Chapter 1 Explanation of Functions

1.1 System Configuration and Block Diagram

System Configuration

Numerical data

Waveform display data

Screen image data

Stored data

Setup parameters

Explanation of Functions

Outputs measured values using analog voltage

External SCSI device

External clock input

Master/slave

sync signal

Revolution

sensor

RGB video signal (VGA) output

D/A output (option)

SCSI interface (option)

Setup parameters

Numerical data Waveform display data Screen image data Stored data

Measurement start Measurement stop

Motor evaluation (option)

Torque

meter

CRT

Image signal

element

Voltage

(Input either one)

Numerical data Waveform display data Screen image data Stored data

Setup parameters

Ethernet (option) interface

GP-IB/serial* interface

Setup parameters

Input

Current

(Input any one)

Printer

Numerical data

Waveform display data

Setup parameters

Floppy disk

Numerical data Waveform display data Screen image data and stored data

Built-in printer (option)

Prints screen image/ numerical data list

Internal memory

Stores numerical data/ waveform display data Recalls numerical data/waveform display data

Built-in hard disk (option)

Saves stored data, Saves setup parameters/ numerical data/ waveform display data/ screen image data

IM 760101-01E

Item under measurement

* Conforms to EIA-574 (9-pin EIA-232(RS-232)).

Current sensor

1-1

1.1 System Configuration and Block Diagram

Block Diagram

ELEMENT2~6

ELEMENT1

Line Filter

EXT

Zero Cross Filter

A/D

ZERO DET.

PEAK DET.

A/D

ZERO DET.

PEAK DET.

DSP

CPU

CPU G.A

ROM

DRAM

SRAM

Display

G.A

”

6.4 LCD

KEY&

LED

GP-IB

Serial

PRINTER (option)

SCSI

(option)

TORQUE

SPEED

MOTOR(option)

ZERO DET.

PHOTO

ISO. PEAK DET.

HDD

(option)

I/O

D/A

(option)

10BASE-T

(option)

Line Filter

COUNTER

A/D

PEAK DET.

A/D

RTC

DSP

PLL

FDD

Signal Flow and Process

The input circuits, Elements 1 through 6, consist of a voltage input circuit and a current input circuit. The input circuits are mutually isolated. They are also isolated from the case.

The voltage signal that is applied to the voltage input terminal (U, ± ) is normalized using the voltage divider of the voltage input circuit and an operational amplifier (OP AMP). It is then isolated by the transformer and input to a voltage A/D converter. The current input circuit is equipped with two types of input terminals, a current input terminal (I, ± ) and a current sensor input connector (EXT). Either one can be used at any given time. The voltage signal from the current sensor that received the signal at the current sensor input connector is normalized using the voltage divider and an operational amplifier (OP AMP). It is then isolated by the transformer and input to a current A/D converter. The current signal that is applied to the current input terminal is converted to a voltage by a current divider. Then, it is input to the current A/D converter in the same fashion as the voltage signal from the current sensor.

During normal measurement, the voltage signal that is input to the voltage A/D converter or current A/D converter is converted to digital values at an interval of approximately 5 µs. The measured value is derived using a DSP based on the converted digital values. During harmonic measurement, the applied voltage signal is converted to digital values at an interval that is an integer multiple of the PLL source signal (cycle of the clock generated by the PLL circuit). The measured value of each item of harmonic measurement is derived by performing an FFT based on the converted digital values using a DSP.

The measured value is transmitted to the CPU. Various computed values are determined from the measured values. These measured values and computed values are displayed, output through a D/A output, or output through communications.

When waveform display data is not being retrieved during normal measurement, the DSP and CPU processes are pipelined, and the DSP process is executed in real-time. Therefore, measurements with few data dropouts can be achieved against the input signal.

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1.2 Measurement Function and Measurement Period

Types of Measurement Functions during Normal Measurement

The data (numerical data) of measurement functions during normal measurement is measured or computed from the sampled data*1 described later in “Measurement Period.”

*1 The WT1600 samples the instantaneous values of the voltage and current signals at a

specified sample rate*2. The sampled data is processed as numerical data or data used to display waveforms on the screen (waveform display data).

*2 Sample rate represents the number of data points that are sampled within 1 s. For example,

at a sample rate of 200 kS/s, 200000 data points are sampled every second.

• Types of Measurement Functions

• Measurement functions on each input element

The following 29 types of measurement functions are available. For details on the determination of each measurement function data, see appendix 1. U (voltage Urms, Umn, Udc, Uac), I (current Irms, Imn, Idc, Iac), P (active power), S (apparent power), Q (reactive power), λ (power factor), φ (phase difference), fU/fI (also expressed as fU: FreqU and fI: FreqI, measures the frequencies of up to three voltage/current signals), U+pk/U-pk (maximum/minimum values of voltage), I+pk/I-pk(maximum/minimum values of current), CfU/CfI(crest factor of voltage/ current), FfU/FfI (form factor of voltage/current), Z (impedance of the load circuit), Rs/Xs (resistance/reactance of the load circuit that has a resistor R, inductor L, and capacitor C connected in series), Rp/Xp (resistance/reactance of the load circuit that has a R, L, and C connected in parallel), Pc (Corrected Power)

Explanation of Functions

• Measurement functions of the average or sum of input elements (Σ functions)

The following 19 types of measurement functions are available. For details on the determination of each measurement function data, see appendix 1. UΣ (voltage average UrmsΣ, UmnΣ, UdcΣ, UacΣ), IΣ (current average IrmsΣ, ImnΣ, IdcΣ, IacΣ), PΣ (sum of active powers), SΣ (sum of apparent powers), QΣ (sum of reactive powers), λΣ (power factor average), φΣ (phase difference average), ZΣ (impedance average of the load circuit), RsΣ/XsΣ (average of the resistance/ reactance of the load circuit that has a R, L, and C connected in series), RpΣ/XpΣ (average of the resistance/reactance of the load circuit that has a R, L, and C connected in parallel), PcΣ (sum of Corrected Powers)

• Efficiency (Σ functions)

η (Efficiency 1), 1/η (Efficiency 2). See “Efficiency” on the next page.

• Measurement functions of integration

See section 1.6.

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1.2 Measurement Function and Measurement Period

Determining the Voltage and Current

There are four types of measurement functions for voltage (U) and current (I).

• Urms, Irms (true rms value)

These values are the true rms values of the voltage and current. The instantaneous values over one period are squared and averaged. Then, the square root of the value is determined. f(t) and T represent the input signal as a function of time and the period of the input signal, respectively.

Urms or Irms =

1 T

• Umn, Imn (rectified mean value calibrated to the rms value)

This function rectifies one period of the voltage or current signal, determines the average, and multiplies the result by a coefficient. The coefficient is a value that when applied to a sinusoidal input signal, gives the true rms value. When the input signal is a distorted or is a DC waveform, these values will differ from the true rms values. f(t) and T represent the input signal as a function of time and the period of the input signal, respectively.

Umn or Imn =

• Udc, Idc (simple average)

These are the average values over one period of the voltage and current signal. This function is useful when determining the average value of a DC input signal or a DC component that is superimposed on an AC input signal.

Udc or Idc =

f(t) dt

• Uac, Iac (AC component)

These are the AC components of the voltage and current. They are the square root values of the difference of the square of the true rms values of the input signal and the square of the DC component.

f(t)2 dt

•

f(t) dt

Uac =

Urms

– Udc

or Iac =

Irms

– Idc

Element

Element refers to a set of input terminals that can input a single phase of voltage and current to be measured. The WT1600 can contain up to six elements, which are numbered from 1 to 6. The element number is appended to the symbols that were defined in the earlier section, “Measurement functions on each input element” so that the correspondence between the numerical data and the element can be seen. For example, “Urms1” represents the true rms value of the voltage of element 1.

Wiring System

The selectable patterns of wiring systems vary depending on the number of input elements that are installed in the instrument. You may be able to select only a single type of wiring system or two or three types of wiring systems. When two or more types of wiring systems are selected, “A”, “B”, or “C” is appended to the symbols that were defined in the earlier section “Measurement functions of the average or sum of input elements (Σ functions)” so that the correspondence between the numerical data and the wiring unit can be seen. For example, “UrmsΣA” represents the true rms value of the average of the voltage of the input elements that are assigned to wiring unit ΣA

Efficiency

η (efficiency 1) is determined by the equation (PΣB)/(PΣA) × 100; 1/η (efficiency 2) is determined by the equation (PΣA)/(PΣB) × 100. You can create an equation using user-defined functions to determine efficiencies other than the above two. In addition, on models with the motor evaluation function (option), ηmA((Pm)/(PΣA) × 100) and ηmB((Pm)/(PΣB) × 100) can be determined.

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1.2 Measurement Function and Measurement Period

Types of Measurement Functions during Harmonic Measurement

The data (numerical data) of measurement functions during harmonic measurement is measured or computed from the sampled data*1 described later in “Measurement Period.”

* See the description of the sampled data in the earlier section “Types of Measurement

Functions during Normal Measurement.”

Types of Harmonic Measurement Functions

• Harmonic measurement functions on each input element

The following 28 types of harmonic measurement functions are available. For details on the determination of each measurement function data, see appendix 1.

Explanation of Functions

Measurement

Function

U( ) I( ) P( ) S( ) Q( )

λ( ) φ( ) φU( ) φI( )

Z( ) Rs( ) Xs( ) Rp( ) Xp( ) Uhdf( ) Ihdf( ) Phdf( ) Uthd Ithd Pthd Uthf Ithf Utif Itif hvf hcf fU fI

Chars and Numbers inside ( )

Yes Yes Yes Yes

Always 0

Yes

No No

No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes

Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes

No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes

Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes

No No No No No No No No No No No

All

(No ( ))

Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes

No No No No No No No No No

No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes

Yes: Numerical data exists No: Numerical data does

not exist

• The meaning of measurement functions with parentheses varies depending on the characters or numbers that are inside the parentheses as follows:

• dc: Indicates numerical data of the DC component.

• 1: Indicates numerical data of the fundamental signal.

• k: Indicates numerical data from 2

to Nth order harmonics. N is the upper limit of harmonic order under analysis (see section 17.6). The upper limit is determined automatically (maximum is 100) by the frequency of the PLL source.

• All: No parentheses are appended after the measurement function. Indicates numerical data related to all waveforms including the fundamental and harmonics.

• Uhdf to hcf are measurement functions that indicate characteristics specific to the harmonics. For details on the determination of the measurement functions, see appendix 1.

• The frequency of up to three signals including the signals selected for the PLL source as fU (FreqU: voltage frequency) or fI (FreqI: current frequency) can be measured.

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1.2 Measurement Function and Measurement Period

• Harmonic measurement function that indicates the phase difference (φ) of the voltage and current between the input elements

There are five harmonic measurement functions that express the phase difference (φ). Explanation is given below for the case when the number of installed input elements is 5, the wiring system pattern is three-phase, four-wire for ΣA and threephase, three-wire for ΣB. When the target of the harmonic measurement is set to wiring unit ΣA, the target elements are 1, 2, and 3. The numerical data of the harmonic measurement functions of phase difference concerning elements 1, 2, and 3 can be determined as shown below. When the target of the harmonic measurement is set to wiring unit ΣB, the target elements are 4 and 5. The numerical data of the harmonic measurement functions of phase difference concerning elements 4 and 5 (φU4-U5, φU4-I4 and φU4-I5) can be determined. The phase difference φU4-U-6 and φU4-I6 cannot be determined.

• φU1-U2

Phase difference of the fundamental voltage U2(1) of element 2 with respect to the fundamental voltage U1(1) of element 1.

• φU1-U3

Phase difference of the fundamental voltage U3(1) of element 3 with respect to the fundamental voltage U1(1) of element 1.

• φU1-I1

Phase difference of the fundamental current I1(1) of element 1 with respect to the fundamental voltage U1(1) of element 1.

• φU1-I2

Phase difference of the fundamental current I2(1) of element 2 with respect to the fundamental voltage U1(1) of element 1.

• φU1-I3

Phase difference of the fundamental current I3(1) of element 3 with respect to the fundamental voltage U1(1) of element 1.

• Harmonic measurement function of the average or of the sum of the input elements (Σ functions)

The following 6 types of harmonic measurement functions are available. For details on the determination of each measurement function, see appendix 1.

Measurement

Function

UΣ( ) IΣ( ) PΣ( ) SΣ( ) QΣ( ) λΣ( )

Chars and Numbers

inside ( )

Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes

All

(No ( ))

Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes

Yes: Numerical data exists

• For measurement functions with parentheses, the value “1” is entered in the

parentheses. This represents the numerical data of the fundamental signal.

• All: No parentheses are appended after the measurement function. Indicates

numerical data related to all waveforms including the fundamental and harmonics.

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1.2 Measurement Function and Measurement Period

Element

Element refers to a set of input terminals that can input a single phase of voltage and current to be measured. The WT1600 can contain up to six elements, which are numbered from 1 to 6. The element number is appended to the symbols that were defined in the earlier section, “Harmonic measurement functions on each input element” so that the correspondence between the numerical data and the element can be seen. For example, “U1(2)” represents the voltage of the 2 of element 1.

Wiring System

The selectable patterns of wiring systems vary depending on the number of input elements that are installed in the instrument. You may be able to select only a single type of wiring system or two or three types of wiring systems. When two or more types of wiring systems are selected, “A”, “B”, or “C” is appended to the symbols that were defined in the earlier section “Harmonic measurement functions of the average or sum of input elements (Σ functions)” so that the correspondence between the numerical data and the wiring unit can be seen. For example, “UΣA(1)” represents the average of the voltage of the fundamental signal of the input elements that are assigned to wiring unit ΣA.

PLL Source «For procedures, see section 7.4»

When measuring harmonics, the fundamental period (period of the fundamental signal) must be determined in order to analyze the higher orders. The PLL (phase locked loop) source is the signal that is used to determine the fundamental period. Selecting a signal with little distortion or fluctuation for the PLL source will result in a stable harmonic measurement. An ideal signal would be a rectangular wave with amplitude that is greater than or equal to 50% or 100% of the measurement range (see section 1.3) when the crest factor (see section 5.11) is set to 3 or 6, respectively. In addition, a sampling clock signal (Smp Clk) with a frequency that is 2048 times the fundamental frequency of the waveform on which to perform harmonic measurements can be input to the external clock input connector. Stable harmonic measurement is achieved by using this sampling clock to sample data from the target waveform. Stable harmonic measurement can also be achieved by applying a clock signal (Ext Clk) that has the same period as the waveform on which to perform harmonic measurements.

order harmonic

Explanation of Functions

Types of Measurement Functions of the Motor Evaluation Function (Option)

By using the motor evaluation function (option), the rotating speed, torque, and output of a motor can be determined from the DC voltage (analog signal) or pulse count signal received from a revolution sensor, which is proportional to the rotating speed of the motor, and the DC voltage (analog signal) received from a torque meter, which is proportional to the motor’s torque. In addition, the synchronous speed and slip of a motor can be determined by setting the motor’s number of poles. Furthermore, the active power and frequency that are measured by the WT1600 and the motor output can be used to compute the motor efficiency and the total efficiency.

Types of Measurement Functions

Speed (rotating speed), Torque, Pm (motor output or mechanical power), synchronous speed (Sync), Slip, motor efficiency (ηmA), and total efficiency (ηmB). For details on the determination of the measurement functions, see appendix 1.

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1.2 Measurement Function and Measurement Period

Measurement Period

During Normal Measurement

The numerical data is measured or computed using the sampled data*1 in the measurement period that is determined according to the following principle*2.

• The measurement period is set between the first point where the reference input signal (synchronization source) crosses the level zero point (center of the amplitude) on the rising slope (or falling slope)*3 within the data update interval and the last point where the synchronization source crosses the level zero point (center of the amplitude) on the rising slope (or falling slope) within the data update interval.

• The rising or falling edge is automatically selected for the one that allows the interval to be longer.

• If the number of rising slope or falling slope is zero or one within the data update interval, the measurement period is set to the entire span within the data update interval.

• You can select which input signal will be the synchronization source (synchronized to the zero crossing point of the input signal) for each element. You can select the voltage, current, or external clock that is input to the element to be the synchronization source signal.

*1 For details on the sampled data, see the description of the sampled data in the earlier

section “Types of Measurement Functions during Normal Measurement.”

*2 The measurement period for determining the numerical data of the peak voltage or peak

current is the entire span within the data update interval. Therefore, the measurement period for the measurement functions U+pk, U-pk, I+pk, I-pk, CfU, CfI, FfU, and FfI that are determined from the maximum value of the voltage and current is also the entire span within the data update interval.

*3 Slope refers to the movement of the signal from a low level to a high level (rising edge) or

from a high level to a low level (falling edge).

*4 The data update interval is the interval by which the data is sampled for determining the

measurement functions. This is equivalent to the value you can specify in “Data Update Rate” of section 1.3.

Data update interval Measurement period

Synchronization source

Input signal U1

Input signal U2

Input signal U3

Data update interval Measurement period

Data update interval

Measurement period

During Harmonic Measurement

The data length (the number of sampled data) to be used in harmonic measurement is set to 8192, 4096, or 2048 points. The selected data length is the measurement period. When the waveform is displayed, the measurement period corresponds to one screen of the waveform.

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1.3 Measurement Conditions

Number of Installed Input Elements and Wiring Systems «For procedures, see section 5.1.»

• The selectable patterns of wiring systems vary depending on the number of input elements that are installed in the instrument. You may be able to select only a single type of wiring system or two or three types of wiring systems. You can select the wiring system from the following five types. 1P2W (single-phase, two-wire), 1P3W (single-phase, three-wire), 3P3W (three-phase, three-wire), 3P4W (three-phase, four-wire), and 3V3A (three-voltage, three-current)

• The input element assignment to wiring units ΣA, ΣB, and ΣC is determined from the wiring system pattern. This allows Σ functions of voltage, current, active power, apparent power, reactive power, power factor, phase difference, and other parameters to be determined. For the relationship between the wiring system and the determination of the Σ function, see appendix 1.

• The following table shows the relationship between the number of installed elements, the selectable wiring system patterns, and the assignment of input elements to wiring units ΣA, ΣB, and ΣC.

Explanation of Functions

Installed input elements Wiring system pattern 1 Installed input elements Wiring system pattern 1 Wiring system pattern 2

Installed input elements Wiring system pattern 1 Wiring system pattern 2 Wiring system pattern 3 Wiring system pattern 4 Installed input elements Wiring system pattern 1 Wiring system pattern 2 Wiring system pattern 3 Wiring system pattern 4

Installed input elements Wiring system pattern 1 Wiring system pattern 2 Wiring system pattern 3 Wiring system pattern 4

Installed input elements Wiring system pattern 1 Wiring system pattern 2 Wiring system pattern 3 Wiring system pattern 4 Wiring system pattern 5

1P2W

1P3W or 3P3W(ΣA)

1P2W

1P3W or 3P3W(ΣA)

1P2W(ΣA)

3P4W or 3V3A(ΣA)

1P2W

1P3W or 3P3W(ΣA)

3P4W or 3V3A(ΣA)

1P2W(ΣA)

1P2W 1P3W or 3P3W(ΣA) 1P3W or 3P3W(ΣB) 1P3W or 3P3W(ΣA) 3P4W or 3V3A(ΣB)

3P4W or 3V3A(ΣA) 1P3W or 3P3W(ΣB)

1P2W 1P3W or 3P3W(ΣA) 1P3W or 3P3W(ΣB) 1P3W or 3P3W(ΣC) 1P3W or 3P3W(ΣA) 3P4W or 3V3A(ΣB) 1P2W(ΣC)

3P4W or 3V3A(ΣA) 3P4W or 3V3A(ΣA) 3P4W or 3V3A(ΣB)

1P2W

1P3W or 3P3W(ΣB)

1P2W

3P4W or 3V3A(ΣB)

1P2W

1P2W(ΣB)

1P2W

1P3W or 3P3W(ΣB)

1P2W

1P2W(ΣB)

1P2W

1P3W or 3P3W(ΣB)

1P2W

1P2W(ΣC)

1P2W

1P2W(ΣC)

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1.3 Measurement Conditions

Measurement Range «For procedures, see section 5.2.»

Set the measurement range using an rms level. When directly inputting voltage or current signals to the input element, two types of measurement ranges is available, fixed range and auto range. When waveforms are displayed, the vertical display range corresponds to 3 or 6 times the measurement range when the crest factor (see section

5.11) is set to 3 or 6, respectively. For details on waveform display, see section 1.7, “Waveform Display.”

Fixed Range

Select each range from a number of choices. The selected range does not switch even if the amplitude of the input signal changes. For voltage, the maximum and minimum selectable ranges are 1000 V and 1.5 V, respectively, when the crest factor is set to 3. When the crest factor is set to 6, the maximum and minimum selectable ranges are 500 V and 750 mV, respectively.

Auto Range

The measurement range switches automatically depending on the amplitude of the input signal. The different ranges used in the auto range are the same as those available for fixed range.

• Range increase

• When the data of measurement function Urms or Irms exceeds 110% of the current measurement range, the measurement range is increased.

• When the peak value of the input signal exceeds 330% or 660% of the current measurement range when the crest factor is set to 3 or 6, respectively, the range is increased.

• Range decrease

When the data of the measurement function Urms or Irms is less than or equal to 30% of the measurement range and Upk and Ipk is less than or equal to 300% or 600% of the next lower range when the crest factor is set to 3 or 6, respectively, the range is decreased.

Power Range

The measurement ranges (power ranges) of active power, apparent power, and reactive power are determined by the wiring system, voltage range, and current range as follows. For the actual values of the measurement range, see section 5.2, “Setting the Measurement Range during Direct Input.”

Wiring System Power Range

1P2W (single-phase, two-wire) voltage range × current range 1P3W (single-phase, three-wire) voltage range × current range × 2

3P3W (three-phase, three-wire) (when the voltage and current ranges on the 3V3A (three-voltage, three-current) corresponding elements are set to the same range)

3P4W (three-phase four-wire) voltage range × current range × 3

(when the voltage and current ranges on the corresponding elements are set to the same range)

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Scaling «For procedures, see sections 5.3 and 5.4.»

When inputting current signals via an external current sensor or inputting voltage or current signals via the external PT (potential transformer) or CT (current transformer), the transformation ratio and coefficient can be specified.

When Inputting Current Signals via an External Current Sensor

The output of current sensors, such as shunts and clamps, can be input to the current sensor connector (EXT) and be measured. Set how many mV the current sensor outputs when 1 A of current flows (transformation ratio). Then, the input signal can be made to correspond to the numerical data or waveform display data that are obtained when the current is directly applied to the input terminals.

Measurement Function Transformation Ratio Data before Conversion Conversion Result

Current I E IS(current sensor output) IS/E Active power P E P Apparent power S E S Reactive power Q E Q Max./Min. current value Ipk E IpkS(current sensor output) IpkS/E

When Inputting Voltage or Current Signals via an External PT or CT

Measurements can be made by connecting the output of the secondary side of the PT and the output of the secondary side of the CT to the same voltage and current input terminals that are used when directly inputting a signal. Set the PT ratio, CT ratio, and power coefficient (coefficient multiplied to the power determined from the voltage and current). Then, the input signal can be made to correspond to the numerical data or waveform display data that are obtained when the current is directly applied to the input terminals.

Measurement Function Data before Conversion Conversion Result

Voltage U U2(secondary output of PT) U2 × P P: PT ratio Current I I2(secondary output of CT) II2 × C C: CT ratio Active power P P Apparent power S S Reactive power Q Q Max./Min. current value Ipk Ipk2(secondary output of CT) Ipk2 × C

2 2 2

1.3 Measurement Conditions

S S

P2 × P × C × SF SF: Power coefficient S2 × P × C × SF Q2 × P × C × SF

PS/E SS/E QS/E

Explanation of Functions

Input Filter «For procedures, see section 5.5.»

There are two types of filters. This WT1600 makes measurements by synchronizing to the input signal. Therefore, the frequency of the input signal must be measured accurately.

Line Filter

The line filter is inserted into the circuit under measurement. It removes the noise from the inverter and from distorted waveforms. The cutoff frequency can be selected.

Zero Crossing Filter

This filter is inserted only into the frequency measurement circuit. Zero crossing refers to the point where the input signal crosses the center level of the amplitude. This filter is used to accurately detect the zero crossing point. The WT1600 detects the zero crossing point with a hysteresis of approximately 5% or 10% of the measurement range when the crest factor is set to 3 or 6, respectively. The zero crossing detection is used to determine the measurement period, measure the frequency, and determine the period of a PLL source.

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1.3 Measurement Conditions

Averaging «For procedures, see section 5.6.»

The averaging function is effective when reading of the numerical display is difficult due to fluctuations. This occurs when the fluctuation of the power supply or the load is large or when the input signal frequency is low.

During Normal Measurement

Two types, exponential average and moving average, are available.

• Exponential average

The numerical data can be exponentially averaged using a specified attenuation constant. Averaging is performed according to the following equation.

(Mn – D

n =

n – 1

Dn: Displayed value that has been exponentially averaged nth times. (The

displayed value D1 on the first time is M1.)

: Displayed value that has been exponentially averaged n-1th times.

n–1

Mn: Measured data on the nth time. K: Attenuation constant (select from 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, and 64)

• Moving average

The numerical data can be linearly averaged using a specified average count. Averaging is performed according to the following equation.

n – 1

)

n – (m – 1)

n =

+ • • • M

n – 2

+ M

n – 1

+ M

Dn: Displayed value obtained by linearly averaging m points of numerical data from

the n–(m–1)th to nth time

: Measured data on the n–(m–1)th time.

n–(m–1)

..............................

: Measured data on the n–2th time.

n–2

: Measured data on the n–1th time.

n–1

Mn: Measured data on the nth time. m: Average count (select from 8, 16, 32, 64, 128, and 256)

During Harmonic Measurement

When the fundamental frequency is 50/60 Hz, the attenuation constant is automatically adjusted so that a first-order low-pass filter with a time constant of 1.5 s is achieved. Exponential averaging is performed using this attenuation constant. For example, if the data length for the analysis is 8192 points and the fundamental frequency of the PLL source is between 55 Hz and 75 Hz, the attenuation constant is set to 5.625. For other frequencies, it is set to 4.6875.

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Data Update Rate «For procedures, see section 5.7.»

This is the period by which the data is sampled for determining the measurement functions.

During Normal Measurement

Select the value from 50 ms, 100 ms, 200 ms, 500 ms, 1 s, 2 s, and 5 s. The numerical data is updated once at the selected period. You can increase the data update rate to acquire relatively fast load fluctuations in the power system or decrease the rate to acquire sampled data for several periods even for relatively long signals.

During Harmonic Measurement

The data update rate is determined by the fundamental frequency of the PLL source and the number of periods of the PLL source used for the analysis.

Hold «For procedures, see section 5.8.»

The data display of each measurement function can be held. The communication output data while the display is held is the held numeric data.

Single Measurement «For procedures, see section 5.8.»

While in the held condition, the measurement is performed once at the specified data update rate and enters the held condition.

1.3 Measurement Conditions

Explanation of Functions

MAX Hold «For procedures, see section 5.9.»

Holds the maximum value of the numerical data. Holds the data of measurement functions Urms, Umn, Udc, Uac, Irms, Imn, Idc, Iac, P, S, Q, U+pk, U-pk, I+pk, and I-pk as well as the data of the Σ function of these functions while the MAX hold function is enabled.

Master/Slave Synchronized Measurement «For procedures, see section 5.10.»

With the master instrument outputting measurement start and stop signals and the slave instrument receiving those signals, synchronized measurement on two instruments is achieved.

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1.4 Numeric Display

The numerical data can be displayed. The display format differs between normal measurement and harmonic measurement. In addition, the screen can be divided into top and bottom halves so that the numerical data can be displayed simultaneously with waveforms, bar graphs, or trends (explained later).

Display Resolution

The display resolution for voltage, current, active power, apparent power, reactive power, and so on is 60000. When the range rating (rated value of the specified range) is applied, the Σ function of voltage, current, active power, apparent power, reactive power, and so on is set to the decimal point position and unit of the element with the lowest display resolution of the target elements. For the display resolution during integration, see section 6.11.

Numerical Display during Normal Measurement «For procedures, see sections 4.1 and 6.1.»

Selecting the Number of Displayed Items

You can select the number of displayed items in the range from 4 to all. When the numerical data is displayed simultaneously with waveforms, bar graphs, or trends, only half of the selected number of items is displayed. Not all the data can be displayed on one screen. Thus, you can scroll through the displayed items to view the succeeding data.

• Example in which eight items are displayed

Measurement function

• Example in which all items are displayed

Element and wiring system

Measurement function

Data

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1.4 Numeric Display

Changing the Displayed Items

By selecting a displayed item, the numerical data value that is displayed at the position can be changed.

Change the measurement function of the third item

Change the element of the third item

Scrolling the Page

Not all the data can be displayed on one screen. Thus, you can scroll the page to display the succeeding (or preceding) data.

Resetting the Numerical Display

If the number of displayed items is set to a value other than All, the display order of measurement functions can be reset to the default order (1 default set).

Explanation of Functions

Numerical Display during Harmonic Measurement «For procedures, see sections 4.1 and 7.2.»

Selecting the Number of Displayed Items

You can select four, eight or 16 for the number of displayed items. When the numerical data is displayed simultaneously with waveforms, bar graphs, or trends, only half of the selected number of items is displayed. Not all the data can be displayed on one screen. Thus, you can scroll through the displayed items to view the succeeding data.

Example in which eight items are displayed

Measurement function

Data

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1-15

1.4 Numeric Display

Changing the Displayed Items When Four, Eight, or 16 Items Are Displayed

By selecting a displayed item, the numerical data value that is displayed at the position can be changed.

Change the measurement function of the third item

Change the element of the third item

Change the harmonic order

List Display

For each measurement function, the numerical data of the fundamental and all harmonics can be displayed in two columns. When the numerical data is displayed simultaneously with waveforms, bar graphs, or trends, approximately half of the data is displayed.

• Single list

The data of a single measurement function is displayed by separating the even and odd harmonics in each column. You can select the following measurement functions: U, I, P, S, Q, λ, φ, φU, φI, Z, Rs, Xs, Rp, and Xp.

Data related to all harmonic signals

Harmonic order

Numerical data of each harmonic

Harmonic distortion factor (When the selected measurement function is U, I, or P, Uhdf, Ihdf, or Phdf is displayed, respectively.)

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1.4 Numeric Display

• Dual list

The data of two measurement functions is displayed in its own column. You can select the following measurement functions: U, I, P, S, Q, λ, φ, φU, φI, Z, Rs, Xs, Rp, and Xp.

Data related to all harmonic signals

Harmonic order

Explanation of Functions

Numerical data of each harmonic

Harmonic distortion factor (When the selected measurement function is U, I, or P, Uhdf, Ihdf, or Phdf is displayed, respectively.)

• Σ list

Displays the numerical data of measurement functions (such as U, I, P, S, Q, λ, φ, φU, φI, Z, Rs, Xs, Rp, Xp, φU1-U2, φU1-U3, φU1-I1, φU1-I2, and φU1-I3) of each

element and each wiring system for the selected harmonic orders.

Element and wiring system

Measurement function

Scrolling the Page

Not all the harmonic data can be displayed on one screen. When the list display is not set to Σ list, you can scroll the page to display the succeeding (or preceding) data.

IM 760101-01E

Resetting the Numerical Display

If the number of displayed items is set to four, eight, or 16, the display order of measurement functions can be reset to a default order (1 default set).

1-17

1.5 Computation

By using the data of measurement functions, the following types of computation can be performed. In addition, a function is provided in which the equation used to determine the measurement function data can be selected.

User-Defined Functions «For procedures, see sections 6.4 and 7.8.»

Equations can be created (defined) by combining the measurement function symbols and operators. The numerical data corresponding to the equation can then be determined. The combination of a measurement function and element number (Urms1, for example) constitutes an operand. Four equations (F1 through F4) can be defined for normal measurement and harmonic measurement.

Operators

There are 11 types of operators: +, –, ∗, /, ABS (absolute value), SQR (square), SQRT (square root), LOG (logarithm), LOG10 (common logarithm), EXP (exponent), and NEG (negation).

Number of Operands

There can be up to 16 operands in one equation.

Delta Computation «For procedures, see section 6.5.»

Delta computation can be performed during normal measurement. For example, if elements 1, 2, and 3 are assigned to wiring A, the sum or difference of the instantaneous values (sampled data) of the voltage or current between elements 1, 2, and 3 can be determined. Then, from the results, the measurement functions ∆Urms, ∆Irms, ∆Umn, ∆Imn, ∆Udc, ∆Idc, ∆Uac, and ∆Iac can be determined. This operation is called delta computation. The delta computation can be used, for example, to perform star-to-delta transformation of a three-phase AC circuit. For the equation, see appendix 2. The measurement period is the same as that described in section 1.2, “Measurement Function and Measurement Period.”

Equation for the Apparent Power «For procedures, see section 6.6.»

The apparent power can be determined by the product of the voltage and current. The voltage and current can be selected from the four types, (1) the true rms value, (2) the rectified mean value calibrated to the rms value, (3) the simple average, and (4) the rectified mean value calibrated to the rms value for the voltage and the true rms value for the current, as explained in “Determining the Voltage and Current” in section 1.2, “Measurement Function and Measurement Period.”

Corrected Power «For procedures, see section 6.6.»

Depending on the applicable standard, when the load that is connected to the potential transformer is extremely small, the active power of the potential transformer that is measured needs to be compensated. In such case, set the compensating equation and the coefficient.

IEC76-1(1976), IEEE C57.12.90-1993 IEC76-1(1993)

1 + P2

Urms

Umn

Pc =

1 +

Pc =

Pc: Corrected Power P: Active power Urms: True rms voltage Umn: Voltage (rectified mean value calibrated to the rms value) P

, P2: Coefficient as defined in the applicable standard

Umn – Urms

Umn

1-18 IM 760101-01E

Phase Difference «For procedures, see section 6.7.»

The display format of the phase difference between the voltage and current of each element can be selected. With the voltage of each element as a reference, one format displays the phase difference using 360° in the clockwise direction, and the other format displays a lead of 180° in the counter-clock wise direction and a lag of 180° in the clockwise direction.

Equation for the Distortion Factor «For procedures, see section 7.6.»

The measurement functions, Uhdf, Ihdf, Phdf, Uthd, Ithd, and Pthd during harmonic measurement have two defining equations that you can select from. For the equations, see appendix 1.

1.5 Computation

Explanation of Functions

IM 760101-01E

1-19

1.6 Integration

The WT1600 can integrate the active power (watt hour) and current (current hour). During integration, the measured and computed values of normal measurements can be displayed in addition to the watt hour, current hour, and integration time. However, integration cannot be performed when the waveform display is turned ON.

Measurement Functions of Integration

Measurement Functions on Each Input Element

The following seven types of numerical data can be determined. For details on the determination of each measurement function data, see appendix 1. Wp (watt hour, sum of positive and negative watt hours), Wp+ (positive watt hour consumed), Wp- (negative watt hour returned to the power supply (regenerated energy)), q (current hour, sum of positive and negative current hours), q+ (positive current hour consumed), q- (negative current hour returned to the power supply), Time (integration time)

Measurement functions of the sum of input elements (Σ functions)

The following six types of numerical data can be determined. For details on the determination of each measurement function data, see appendix 1. WpΣ (sum of Wp), Wp+Σ (sum of Wp+), Wp-Σ (sum Wp-), qΣ (sum of q), q+Σ (sum of q+), q-Σ (sum of q-)

Integration Mode «For procedures, see sections 6.8 and 6.9.»

Manual Integration Mode

Integration continues from the point when integration is started to the point it is stopped. However, when the integration time reaches its maximum (10000 hours) or the integration value reaches its maximum or minimum (±999999 MWh or ±999999 MAh), the integration is stopped and the integration time and integration value at that point are held.

Integrated

value

Integration

time

Start Stop Reset ResetStart

Hold

When STOP is pressed or when the maximum integration time is reached

Hold When the maximum

integration time is reached (999999 MWh or 999999 MAh)

Hold

1-20 IM 760101-01E

1.6 Integration

Normal Integration Mode

The integration time is set in relative time. The integration is stopped after the specified time elapses or when the integration value reaches the maximum or minimum integration display value. The integration time and value are held at that point.

Integrated

value

Hold

Explanation of Functions

Integration

time

Timer setting

Hold

ResetStart

Repetitive Integration Mode (Continuous Integration)

The integration time is set in relative time. When the specified time elapses, the operation is automatically reset and restarted. Integration is repeated until STOP is pressed. When the integration value reaches the maximum or minimum integration display value. The integration time and value are held at that point.

Integrated

value

Hold

Integration

time

Hold

IM 760101-01E

Timer setting

Start Reset

Timer setting

STOP is pressed

1-21

1.6 Integration

Real-time Normal Integration Mode

The start and stop of the integration operation is set through date and time. The integration is stopped at the specified time or when the integration value reaches the maximum or minimum integration display value. The integration time and value are held at that point.

Integrated

value

Integration

time

Start

date/time

Hold

Stop

date/time

Reset

Real-time Repetitive Integration Mode (Continuous Integration)

The start and stop of the integration operation is set through date and time. The integration is repeated at the specified timer setting during that time. When the time specified by the timer elapses, the operation is automatically reset and restarted. The integration is stopped at the specified time or when the integration value reaches the maximum or minimum integration display value. The integration time and value are held at that point.

Integrated

value

Integration

time

Start

date/time

Timer setting

Hold

Stop

date/time

Reset

1-22 IM 760101-01E

1.7 Waveform Display

The WT1600 displays waveforms based on the data sampled within the data update rate.

Vertical (Amplitude) Axis

The vertical display range is determined based on the specified measurement range. For example, if the crest factor is set to 3 and the voltage measurement range is set to “100 Vrms,” then the display range is set so that the top of the screen is 300 Vpk (100 Vrms × 3) and the bottom is –300 Vpk (–100 Vrms × 3) with the zero input line at the center. If the crest factor is set to 6 and the voltage measurement range is set to “50 Vrms,” then the display range is set so that the top of the screen is 300 Vpk (100 Vrms ×

6) and the bottom is –300 Vpk (–100 Vrms × 6) with the zero input line at the center. However, the display range for a measurement range of 1000 V or 500 V when the crest factor is set to 3 or 6, respectively, is within ±2000 V. The waveform clips if this range is exceeded.

Explanation of Functions

When the measurement range is set to “100 Vrms”

300 Vpk

Zero input line

–300 Vpk

1 grid (1 div) = 75 V

900 Vpk

–900 Vpk

Horizontal (Time) Axis «For procedures, see section 9.2.»

Set the horizontal (time) axis by specifying the time per grid (1 division). The time axis can be set in 1, 2, or 5 steps in the range up to the point in which the time corresponding to one screen is equal to the data update rate. For example, if the data update rate is 500 ms, the time per division can be changed in the order, 0.5 ms, 1 ms, 2 ms, 5 ms, 10 ms, 20 ms, and 50 ms.

1 grid (1 div) = 10 ms

1 grid (1 div) = 20 ms

When the same signal is measured with the measurement range set to “300 Vrms”

1 grid (1 div) = 225 V

IM 760101-01E

100 ms

(Observation time)

200 ms

(Observation time)

During Normal Measurement

The time axis can be set in 1, 2, or 5 steps in the range up to the data update rate according to the horizontal (time) axis setting described earlier. For example, changing the time per division in the order 0.5 ms, 1 ms, 2 ms, 5 ms, 10 ms, 20 ms, and 50 ms changes the time corresponding to one screen in the order 5 ms, 10 ms, 50 ms, 100 ms, 200 ms, and 500 ms.

1-23

1.7 Waveform Display

During Harmonic Measurement

The time corresponding to one screen in harmonic measurement is automatically determined from the sample rate, which can be derived from the fundamental frequency of the PLL source (see page 1-7), and the window width (time width over which FFT analysis is performed when determining harmonics).

Note

Number of displayed points on the screen

When waveforms are displayed, the data points (waveform display data) are displayed in segments called rasters. There are 501 rasters in the time axis direction on one screen.

On the other hand, data is sampled according to the sample rate, and one screen of the sampled data becomes the data that is displayed on the screen as a waveform. Because the number of display segments (number of displayed points) on the screen is constant at 501 rasters while the number of sampled data points varies according to the time corresponding to one screen, the following process is performed.

P-P compression is performed over a certain period along the time axis, the waveform display data is determined, and the data is displayed. P-P compression refers to the determination of the maximum and minimum values for each certain period. One raster will display these two points.

Sampled data

P-P compression

Vertical axis

On the screen

Aliasing

When the sample rate is comparatively low with respect to the input signal frequency, the harmonics contained in the signal are lost. In this case, some of the harmonics will appear at low frequencies due to the effects described by the Nyquist sampling theorem. This phenomenon is called aliasing.

Aliased signal Input signal Sampling point

Retrieval of Waveform Display Data

The WT1600 retrieves waveform display data to the memory at a sample rate of approximately 200 kS/s. The frequency that allows displaying of waveforms that are close to the input signal is up to approximately 10 kHz.

501 rasters

500

Time axis

1-24 IM 760101-01E

Trigger «For procedures, see section 9.3.»

Trigger is a cue used to display the waveform on the screen. The trigger is activated when the specified trigger condition is met. At this point, the waveform is ready to be displayed on the screen.

Trigger Source

Trigger source refers to the signal that is used in checking the trigger condition.

Trigger Slope

Slope refers to the movement of the signal from a low level to a high level (rising edge) or from a high level to a low level (falling edge). When the slope is used as one of the trigger conditions, it is called a trigger slope.

Trigger Level

Trigger level refers to the level through which the trigger slope passes.

When the slope of the trigger source passes through the specified trigger level on a rising or falling edge, a trigger occurs. You can select the input signal of each element or external clock input signal as a trigger source.

1.7 Waveform Display

Explanation of Functions

Trigger level

Trigger source

A trigger occurs at this point if rising edge ( ) is selected (trigger point).

Trigger Mode

Trigger mode specifies the conditions for updating the screen display.

• Auto mode

If a trigger occurs within a specified amount of time (about 100 ms, referred to as the timeout period), the waveform display is updated. If a trigger does not occur within the timeout time, the display is automatically updated when the timeout time elapses.

• Normal mode

The display is updated only when the trigger occurs. The display is not updated if the trigger does not occur.

Trigger Point

Trigger point refers to the point at which a trigger occurred. The trigger point is always at the left end of the screen. The waveform after the trigger point is displayed from the left to the right of the screen as the time progresses.

IM 760101-01E

Trigger point

Time

1-25

–

1.7 Waveform Display

Zooming on the Waveform «For procedures, see section 9.4.»

Each displayed waveform can be expanded or reduced vertically by the zoom factor in the range of 0.1 to 100. The waveform is zoomed around the zero input line.

When the zoom factor is set to ×2

300 Vpk

Input zero line

–300 Vpk

300 Vpk

150 Vpk

–150 Vpk

–300 Vpk

Vertical Position of the Waveform «For procedures, see section 9.4.»

The displayed position of the waveform can be moved vertically to the desired position such as when you wish to view the mutual relationship between the voltage and current waveforms or when the section of the waveform you wish to view goes out of the display frame.

100%

Range displayed on the screen

Move the

position by

50%

Move the

position by

100%

–50%

Turning ON/OFF of the Waveform Display «For procedures, see section 9.5.»

The voltage and current waveforms corresponding to the element that has input modules installed can be turned ON/OFF. This feature enables easy viewing of waveforms as only the required waveforms can be displayed.

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1.7 Waveform Display

Split Screen of the Waveform and Waveform Mapping «For procedures, see section 9.6»

The screen can be evenly divided and the waveforms can be mapped to the divided windows. The screen can be divided into up to four windows. This function is useful when there are many waveforms on the screen. You can select the method of mapping from the following list of choices:

• Auto The waveforms that are turned ON are mapped in order according to the element number to the divided windows, voltage first and then current.

•Fixed The waveforms are mapped in order by element number in the order voltage and current to the divided windows regardless of whether or not the display is turned ON.

•User The waveforms can be mapped arbitrarily to the divided windows regardless of whether or not the display is turned ON.

Display Interpolation of the Waveform «For procedures, see section 9.7.»

The waveform display data can be connected linearly to display the waveform smoothly.

Linear Interpolation

Linearly interpolates between two points.

Explanation of Functions

Interpolation OFF

No interpolation is performed. Only the data points are displayed.

Graticule «For procedures, see section 9.7.»

A grid or cross scale can be displayed on the screen. You can also select not to display the grid or cross scale.

Displaying Scale Values «For procedures, see section 9.8.»

The upper and lower limits of the vertical axis and the values at the left and right ends of the horizontal axis (time axis) of each waveform can be turned ON or OFF.

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1-27

1.7 Waveform Display

Displaying Waveform Labels «For procedures, see section 9.8.»

Waveform labels can be turn ON or OFF.

Upper limit

Waveform label

Lower limit

Time at the left end of the screen

Time at the right end of the screen

Cursor Measurement «For procedures, see sections 7.9, 9.9, and 10.7.»

The value at the crossing point of the waveform and cursor can be measured and displayed. It can be used to measure the voltage and current of various sections of the waveform and the data on the horizontal axis (X-axis). Cursor measurements are performed on the data that is displayed on the screen.

Cursors are the “+” and “×” marks that are displayed on the screen. The vertical value and the X-axis value from the left end of the screen for each cursor can be measured. In addition, the difference in the vertical values and in the X-axis values between the cursors can be measured.

Cursor +

Cursor x

Measured values

1-28 IM 760101-01E

1.8 Bar Graphs, Vectors, and Trend Displays

Bar graphs of harmonics of each order, vectors of the fundamental signal of each element (during harmonic measurement), and trends of each measurement function can be displayed.

Bar Graph Display of Harmonic Data «For procedures, see section 7.9.»

The amplitude of each harmonic can be displayed on the bar graph. The horizontal axis represents harmonic order, and the vertical axis represents the amplitude of each harmonic. The harmonic measurement functions, elements, and order to be displayed can be specified. You can select the following harmonic measurement functions: U, I, P, S, Q, λ, φU, φI, Z, Rs, Xs, Rp, and Xp. The screen can be divided into top and bottom halves so that the bar graph can be displayed simultaneously with the numerical data.

Bar graph display of harmonic data

Measured values of cursor + and x of

Cursor +

bar graph 1

Explanation of Functions

Cursor x

Measured values of cursor + and x of bar graph 2

Harmonic order indicating the cursor position. Cursor + is at 1st order and Cursor x is at 13th order.

Vector Display of Harmonics «For procedures, see section 7.10.»

During harmonic measurement, vectors can be displayed to show the relationship between the phase difference and amplitude (rms value) of the fundamental signals U(1) and I(1) of each element that is assigned to the selected wiring unit. The positive vertical axis is set to 0 (angle 0), and the vector of each input signal is displayed. In addition, you can zoom in on the vector or display the values of the amplitude and the phase difference between the signals simultaneously.

The vector display is shown on the next page.

The elements that are to be displayed as vectors vary depending on the number of installed input elements and the selected wiring pattern. Explanation is given below for the case when the number of installed input elements is 5, the wiring system pattern is three-phase, four-wire for ΣA and three-phase, three-wire for ΣB.

IM 760101-01E

When the target of the harmonic measurement is set to wiring unit ΣA, the target elements are 1, 2, and 3. Vectors 1, 2, and 3 correspond to elements 1, 2, and 3, respectively. The relationship between the phase difference and amplitude of U1(1), U2(1), U3(1), I1(1), I2(1), and I3(1) is displayed as vectors. When the target of the harmonic measurement is set to wiring unit ΣB, the target elements are 4 and 5. Vectors 4 and 5 correspond to elements 4 and 5, respectively. The relationship between the phase difference and amplitude of U4(1), U5(1), I4(1), and I5(1) is displayed as vectors. The vectors for U6(1) and I6(1) are computed and displayed.

1-29

1.8 Bar Graphs, Vectors, and Trend Displays

Vector display when the wiring system is 3P4W (three-phase, four-wire)

U1(1), U2(1), and U3(1) are common mode voltages. I1(1), I2(1), and I3(1) are line currents.

I1(1)

U1(1)

φ1(1), φU1-I1

φU1-I2

φU1-I3

I3(1)

φ3(1)

U3(1)

φU1-U3

Vector display when the wiring system is 3V3A (three-voltage, three-current)

U1(1), U2(1), and U3(1) are line voltages. I1(1), I2(1), and I3(1) are line currents.

φU1-U2

U2(1)

φ2(1)

I2(1)

I1(1)

By moving the vectors, U1(1), U2(1), and U3(1), (without changing their orientations) so that the starting points of vectors are all at the origin, the phase relationship can be observed in the same fashion as the three-phase, four-wire system. (The WT1600 does not provide a function for moving the vectors.)

U3(1)

I3(1)

φU1-U2

U1(1)

U2(1)

φU3-U1

φU2-U3

The phase difference between the line voltages can be determined from the phase difference measurement

I2(1)

functions φU1-U2 and φU1-U3.

φU1-U2 = This is the measurement function φU1-U2. φU2-U3 = (φU1-U3) – (φU1-U2) – 180° φU3-U1 = –(φU1-U3)

Vector display when the wiring system is 3P3W (three-phase, three-wire)

U1(1), U2(1), and U3(1) are line voltages. I1(1), I2(1), and I3(1) are line currents. However, U3(1) and I3(1) are not actually measured for the three-phase, three-wire system. The vectors are displayed through computation.

I1(1)

U1(1)

U3(1)

φU1-U3

φ3(1)

U3(1)

φ1(1), φU1-I1

φU1-I3

I1(1)

U1(1)

φU1-U2

φU1-I2

U2(1)

φ2(1)

I2(1)

I3(1)

U2(1)

I2(1)

1-30 IM 760101-01E

Trend Display

1.8 Bar Graphs, Vectors, and Trend Displays

The trends of all measurement functions that are measured during normal measurement and harmonic measurement are displayed.

Trend Display Data

When the retrieval of waveform display data is OFF during normal measurement, the numerical data of measurement functions that is determined for each data update rate is P-P compressed

for each display segment (raster) and made into trend display data. When the retrieval of waveform display data is ON during normal measurement, the numerical data of measurement functions that is determined each time a trigger occurs is P-P compressed

for each display segment (raster) and made into trend display data. During harmonic measurement, the numerical data of the measurement function that is automatically determined from the sample rate, which can be derived from the fundamental frequency of the PLL source (see page 1-7), and the window width (time width over which FFT analysis is performed when determining harmonics) is P-P compressed

* In some cases, P-P compression is not performed.

for each display segment (raster) and made into trend display data.

Split Screen Display and Assignments «For procedures, see section 10.4.»

Up to 16 lines (T1 through T16) of trends can be displayed. You can select the measurement function of any element to be assigned to T1 through T16. During harmonic measurement, you can also specify the harmonic order. The screen is divided up to 4 windows and the trends that are turned ON are mapped to the divided windows in order from T1 through T16.

Explanation of Functions

Horizontal (Time) Axis «For procedures, see section 10.5.»

When the retrieval of waveform display data is OFF during normal measurement, the time per division can be set in the range of 3 s to 1 day. When the retrieval of waveform display data is ON during normal measurement or during harmonic measurement, the value can be set in terms of the number of measurements per division.

Setting the Scale «For procedures, see section 10.6.»

Auto scaling is provided in which the upper and lower limits of the screen are determined automatically from the maximum and minimum values of the trend display data. Manual scaling is also available in which the upper and lower limits can be set arbitrarily as necessary.

Display Interpolation, Graticule, and Label Display «For procedures, see sections 9.7 and 9.8.»

The settings specified for waveform display are used.

IM 760101-01E

1-31

1.9 Saving and Loading Data and Other Functions

Storing and Recalling «For procedures, see chapter 11.»

The numerical data and waveform display data can be stored to the internal memory (approximately 12 MB, or approximately 11 MB when using a WT1600 with ROM version

2.01 or later). The data is stored to the internal memory at the data update rate or the specified time interval. In addition, the stored data can be saved to a floppy disk or builtin hard disk. The data that is saved to the built-in hard disk or floppy disk cannot be recalled.

Saving and Loading to the Floppy Disk, Built-in Hard Disk, and External SCSI Device «For procedures, see chapter 12.»

A floppy disk (FD) drive comes standard with the instrument. Additionally, a built-in hard disk or SCSI can be installed as an option. The numerical data, waveform display data, screen image data, and setup parameters can be saved to these media. The saved setup parameters can be loaded as necessary. The screen image data can be pasted to documents on a word-processing application.

SCSI

Built-in hard disk

WT1600

SCSI device

Floppy disk

Printing on the Built-in Printer «For procedures, see chapter 14.»

The screen image, numerical data list, and bar graphs can be printed on the built-in printer (option).

WT1600

Built-in printer (option)

Ethernet Communications (Option) «For procedures, see chapter 13.»

The numerical data, waveform display data, screen image data, and setup parameters can be saved to a device connected via the Ethernet interface or information about the WT1600 can be transmitted.

Saving and Loading from an FTP Server on the Network (FTP Client Function)

The numerical data, waveform display data, screen image data, and setup parameters can be saved to an FTP server disk or external SCSI device. The saved setup parameters can also be loaded as necessary.

* PC or workstation on which the FTP server function is running.

on the network in the same fashion as with the floppy

File

WT1600

1-32 IM 760101-01E

1.9 Saving and Loading Data and Other Functions

Accessing the WT1600 from an FTP Client on the Network (FTP Server Function)

The WT1600 can be accessed from an FTP client* on the network, and files on the floppy disk, built-in hard disk, and external SCSI device connected to the WT1600 can be retrieved.

* PC or workstation on which the FTP client function is running.

File

WT1600

Outputting to a Network Printer (LPR Client Function)

The screen image can be printed to a network printer in the same fashion as with the built-in printer.

WT1600

Printer

Sending Mail (SMTP Client Function)

The information of the WT1600 can be transmitted periodically to a specified mail address.

Explanation of Functions

WT1600

GP-IB/Serial Communication «See the

IM760101-11E

.»

Either a GP-IB interface or a serial interface (conforming to EIA-574 (9-pin EIA-232 (RS-

232)) comes standard with the WT1600 (specified at the time of purchase). The measured data can be transferred to a PC for analysis or an external controller can be used to control the instrument for making measurements.

WT1600

Communication Interface User’s Manual

Communication

Mail

interface

D/A Output (Option) «For procedures, see section 15.1.»

The numerical data can be output using a ±5 V FS DC analog voltage. Up to 30 items can be specified for normal measurement and harmonic measurement, separately.

RGB Video Signal (VGA) Output «For procedures, see section 15.2.»

The RGB video signal (VGA, Video Graphics Array) can be output to an external monitor. This allows values and waveforms to be displayed on a large screen.

Initialization «For procedures, see section 15.3.»

The settings entered using keys and soft keys can be initialized to factory default condition. For details on the initial settings, see appendix 3, “List of Initial Settings and Display Order of Numerical Data.”

IM 760101-01E

1-33

1.9 Saving and Loading Data and Other Functions

Zero-Level Compensation «For procedures, see section 15.4.»

Zero-level compensation refers to creating a zero input condition inside the WT1600 and setting the level at that point as the zero level. Zero-level compensation must be performed in order to satisfy the specifications of this instrument (see chapter 17). Zerolevel compensation is automatically performed when harmonic measurement is turned ON/OFF or the measurement range or input filter is changed. However, if the harmonic measurement ON/OFF setting, measurement range, and input filter are not changed over an extended time, the zero level may change due to the changes in the environment surrounding the instrument. In such case, you can manually perform zerolevel compensation. There is also a function that performs zero-level compensation during integration.

NULL Function «For procedures, see section 15.5.»

When the NULL function is turned ON, Udc and Idc (numerical data of the simple average of the voltage and current during normal measurement) are set as NULL values. The NULL value is subtracted from the sampled data of voltage and current. Hence, all measurement functions are affected by the NULL values.

Selecting the Message Language «For procedures, see section 15.6.»

The language of the error messages displayed on the screen during operation can be set to English or Japanese.

Setting the Brightness of the Screen «For procedures, see section 15.6.»

The brightness of the LCD monitor can be adjusted.

Setting the Display Colors «For procedures, see section 15.7.»

The colors for graphical elements such as the waveform, background, scale, and cursor and text elements such as the menu and the menu background can be selected. Set the color using a ratio of red (R), green (G), and blue (B).

Self-Test Function «For procedures, see section 16.3.»

A self-test can be performed to check whether the instrument is operating properly. Components such as the internal memory (ROM and RAM), the operation keys, the floppy disk drive, and the built-in printer (option) can be tested.

Confirming the System Condition of the Instrument «For procedures, see section 16.4.»

The system condition of the instrument such as the model, ROM version (firmware version), input element configuration, and existence of options can be confirmed.

1-34 IM 760101-01E

Chapter 2 Names and Uses of Parts

2.1 Front Panel, Rear Panel, and Top View

Front Panel

Names and Uses of Parts

Handle

Use the handles (both sides) when moving the instrument.

(Section 3.1)

Power switch (Section 3.10)

Used when saving or loading data.

(Chapter 12)

Rear Panel

Current sensor input connector

Connect the external sensor cable from the external current sensor. (Section 3.7)

Current input terminal

Wire current measurement cables. (Sections 3.6, 3.8, and 3.9)

Revolution signal input connector (option)

Input signals from revolution sensors when evaluating motors. (Section 8.1)

ESC key

Clears and escapes from the current menu.

DIGITAL POWER METER

LCD

POWER

ESC

Jog shuttle Used when selecting setup parameters and setting values. (Section 2.2)

INPUT

RANGE

SCALING

WIRING

MOTOR SET

FILTER

AVG MEASURE

CAL

INTEGRATOR

SYNC

START STOP

SRC

INTEG SET

RESET

Floppy disk drive

Soft keys Used when selecting setup parameters in a menu.

Voltage input terminal

Wire voltage measurement cables. (Sections 3.6 to 3.9)

Element 1 (Section 1.3)

Element 2

Element 3

Element 4

Element 5

Element 6

654321

EXT

Tor que signal input connector (option)

Input signals from torque meters when evaluating motors. (Section 8.1)

UPDATE

FILE

DISPLAY

TRIG'D

WAVE

CURSOR

STORE

HOLD

SINGLE

HARMONICS

COPY

RATE

STORE SET

REMOTE

LOCAL

MISC

MAX HOLD

NULL

PUSH

Operation keys

SHIFT

Keys that are pressed first when carrying out an operation. Displays the first menu of the corresponding key (setting). (Section 2.2)

Built-in printer (option) Prints screen images and numeric data list. (Chapter 14)

GP-IB or Serial (RS-232) connector

For details on communication functions, see the Communication Interface User's Manual (IM760101-11E).

External clock input connector

Used when inputting the synchronization signal of the measurement/computation period. (Sections 6.2 and 7.4)

External start/stop signal input/output connector

Used when performing master/slave synchronized measurement.

D/A OUTPUT

TORQUE

SPEED

(IEEE488)

VIDEO-OUT

(VGA)

START

(Section 5.10)

STOP

TXD LINK

Ethernet connector (option)

10Base-T

GP-IB

SERIAL

(RS-232)

SCSI

Connect an Ethernet cable. (Section 13.1)

For details on communication functions, see the Communication Interface User's Manua (IM760101-11E).

SCSI connector (option)

External SCSI devices are connected here. (Section 12.3)

Power connector (Section 3.5)

Power fuse (Section 16.5)

RGB video signal (VGA) output connector

Outputs image signals. (Section 15.2)

D/A output connector (option).

Outputs numeric data that has been converted to analog DC voltage. (Section 15.1)

IM 760101-01E

2-1

2.1 Front Panel, Rear Panel, and Top View

Top View

Rear Panel

.........

Vent holes (Section 3.2) (Vent holes are also present

on the bottom side.)

Front Panel

2-2 IM 760101-01E

2.2 Operation Keys, Jog Shuttle

Common to All Functions

ESC key

Clears and escapes from the current menu.

RESET key

Press this key to reset the value to default.

SELECT key

Confirms the selection made using the jog shuttle or the set value.

ESC

RANGE

MOTOR SET

FILTER

INTEGRATOR

START STOP

INTEG SET

INPUT

SCALING

AVG

RESET

WIRING

MEASURE

CAL

SYNC

SRC

DISPLAY

TRIG'D

WAVE

CURSOR

Arrow (< and >) keys

Moves along the digits of the value that is set by the jog shuttle or moves the input position of the character string.

Soft keys

Press these keys to select the setup parameter on the displayed menu.

HOLD

SINGLE

HARMONICS

UPDATE

RATE

FILE

REMOTE

LOCAL

MAX HOLD

STORE

STORE SET

MISC

NULL

COPY

SHIFT key

After pressing SHIFT to light the indicator above and to the left of SHIFT,

SHIFT

press an operation key to display the menu corresponding to the item indicated below

Jog shuttle

the operation key.

Rotate the jog shuttle to select setup parameters or to set values. It is also used to move the cursor. The step size increases as the rotation angle of the shuttle ring increases.

(Shuttle ring)

Names and Uses of Parts

Set Measurement Conditions and Normal Measurement Mode

SHIFT+RANGE (MOTOR SET) key (option)

Sets items that are required in the motor evaluation such as torque, number of rotations, and motor output. (Sections 8.2 to 8.7)

RANGE key

Sets the measurement range of voltage and current. (Sections 5.2 and 5.3)

HOLD key

Puts the instrument in a held condition. (Section 5.8)

SHIFT+HOLD (SINGLE) key

Performs a single measurement. (Section 5.8)

UPDATE RATE key

Sets the data update rate. (Section 5.7)

COPY

SHIFT+MISC (NULL) key

Activates the NULL function. (Section 15.5)

SHIFT

SHIFT+LOCAL (MAX HOLD) key

Holds the maximum value of the numeric data. (Section 5.9)

ESC

INPUT

RANGE

SCALING

INTEGRATOR

AVG

RESET

WIRING

MEASURE

CAL

SYNC

SRC

MOTOR SET

FILTER

START STOP

INTEG SET

FILTER key

Set the input filter. (Section 5.5)

DISPLAY

TRIG'D

WAVE

CURSOR

HOLD

SINGLE

HARMONICS

UPDATE

RATE

FILE

STORE

STORE SET

REMOTE

LOCAL

MISC

NULL

MAX HOLD

SCALING key

Sets the transformation ratio, PT ratio, CT ratio, and power coefficient of the current sensor. (Sections 5.3 and 5.4)

WIRING key

Sets the wiring system. (Section 5.1)

MEASURE key

Sets the target frequency to be measured, user-defined functions, delta computation, the equation for apparent power and corrected power, the display format of the phase difference, master/slave synchronized measurement and other settings. (Sections 5.10 and 6.3 to 6.7)

SHIFT+MEASURE (CAL) key

Performs zero-level compensation. (Section 15.4)

AVG key

Sets the averaging function. (Section 5.6)

SYNC SRC key

Sets the synchronization source used to determine the measurement period. (Section 6.2)

IM 760101-01E

2-3

2.2 Operation Keys, Jog Shuttle

Set Integration and Harmonics Measurement

ESC

DISPLAY

TRIG'D

WAVE

CURSOR

HOLD

SINGLE

HARMONICS

UPDATE

RATE

FILE

REMOTE

LOCAL

MAX HOLD

HARMONICS key

Sets various parameters for harmonic measurement. (Sections 7.1 and 7.3 to 7.7)

RANGE

SCALING

MOTOR SET

FILTER

INTEGRATOR

START STOP

INTEG SET

INPUT

AVG

RESET

WIRING

MEASURE

CAL

SYNC

SRC

START key

Starts integration. (Section 6.11)

STOP key

Stops integration. (Section 6.11)

SHIFT+STOP (RESET) key

Resets the integrated result (integrated value and integration time). (Section 6.11)

SHIFT+START (INTEG SET) key

Sets the integration mode and timer. (Sections 6.8 to 6.10)

Set the Display

DISPLAY key

Sets the display format for numerical data, waveforms, bar graphs, vectors, trends, and others. (Chapter 4, sections 6.1, 7.2, 7.9, 7.10, 9.5 to 9.8, and chapter 10)

DISPLAY

HOLD

SINGLE

TRIG'D

HARMONICS

WAVE

CURSOR

UPDATE

RATE

FILE

REMOTE

LOCAL

MAX HOLD

ESC

STORE

STORE SET

MISC

NULL

STORE

STORE SET

MISC

NULL

COPY

SHIFT

COPY

SHIFT

RANGE

SCALING

MOTOR SET

FILTER

INTEGRATOR

START STOP

INTEG SET

INPUT

AVG

RESET

WIRING

MEASURE

CAL

SYNC

SRC

SHIFT+WAVE (CURSOR) key

Performs cursor measurement. (Sections 7.9, 9.9 and 10.7)

WAVE key

Sets the acquisition conditions of waveform display data. (Sections 9.1 to 9.4)

2-4 IM 760101-01E

2.2 Operation Keys, Jog Shuttle

Store and Recall Data, Save and Load Data, Set Ethernet Communications and Other Functions

FILE key

Formats disks, saves setup parameters, waveform display data, numerical data, and screen image data, loads setup parameters, changes file attributes, deletes files, copies files, renames directories/files, and creates directories. (Chapter 12)

STORE key

Executes store operation. (Sections 11.4 and 11.6)

COPY key

Saves and prints screen image data. (Sections 12.7, 13.3, and 14.2)

COPY

SHIFT+COPY (MENU) key

Feeds printer paper, sets the saving or printing of

SHIFT

screen image data and numerical data list. (Section 12.6 and chapter 14)

SHIFT+STORE (STORE SET) key

Sets store and recall operations. (Chapter 11)

MISC key

Confirms or initializes the system conditions, sets GP-IB and serial communications, sets the date and time, selects the message language, sets the brightness of screen, performs self-tests, sets displayed colors, selects the crest factor, sets key lock, changes SCSI ID numbers, sets Ethernet communications, and sets D/A output. (Sections 3.11, 5.11, 12.4, chapter 13, sections 15.1, 15.3, 15.6,

15.7, 15.8, 16.3, and 16.4) For details on setting the GP-IB and serial communications, see the Communication Interface User's Manual (IM760101-11E).

SHIFT + MISC (NULL) key

Sets the NULL function. (Section 15.5)

ESC

RANGE

SCALING

MOTOR SET

FILTER

INTEGRATOR

START STOP

INTEG SET

INPUT

AVG

RESET

WIRING

MEASURE

CAL

SYNC

SRC

DISPLAY

TRIG'D

WAVE

CURSOR

HOLD

SINGLE

HARMONICS

UPDATE

RATE

FILE

REMOTE

LOCAL

MAX HOLD

STORE

STORE SET

MISC

NULL

LOCAL key

See the Communication Interface User's Manual (IM760101-11E).

Names and Uses of Parts

IM 760101-01E

2-5

Chapter 3 Before Starting Measurements

3.1 Precautions Concerning the Use of the Instrument

Safety Precautions

If you are using this instrument for the first time, make sure to thoroughly read the “Safety Precautions” given on pages vi to vii.

Do Not Remove the Case

Do not remove the case from the instrument. Some sections inside the instrument have high voltages that are extremely dangerous. For internal inspection or adjustment, contact your nearest YOKOGAWA dealer.

Abnormal Behavior

Stop using the instrument if there are any symptoms of trouble such as strange odors or smoke coming from the instrument. If these symptoms occur, immediately turn OFF the power and unplug the power cord. In addition, turn OFF the power to the measurement circuits that are connected to the input terminals. Then, contact your nearest YOKOGAWA dealer.

Power Cord

Nothing should be placed on top of the power cord. The power cord should also be kept away from any heat sources. When unplugging the power cord from the outlet, never pull by the cord itself. Always hold and pull by the plug. If the power cord is damaged, check the part number indicated on page iii and purchase a replacement.

Before Starting Measurements

General Handling Precautions

Do Not Place Objects on Top of the Instrument

Never stack the instruments or place other instruments or any objects containing water on top of the instrument. Such act can lead to malfunction.

Keep Electrically Charged Objects Away from the Instrument

Keep electrically charged objects away from the input terminals. They may damage the internal circuitry.

Do Not Damage the LCD

The LCD is very vulnerable to scratches. Therefore, be careful not to damage the surface with sharp objects. Also, do not apply vibration or shock to it.

When Not Using the Instrument for a Extended Time

Turn OFF the power to the measurement circuit and the instrument and remove the power cord from the outlet.

When Carrying the Instrument

First, turn OFF the devices under measurement and remove the measurement cables. Then, turn OFF the instrument and remove power and other cables. To carry the instrument, use the handle or carry it using both hands.

IM 760101-01E

Cleaning

When cleaning the case or the operation panel, first turn OFF the circuit under measurement and the instrument and remove the instrument’s power cord from the outlet. Then, wipe with a dry, soft cloth. Do not use volatile chemicals as this may cause discoloring and deformation.

3-1

3.2 Installing the Instrument

Installation Conditions

Install the instrument in a place that meets the following conditions.

Flat, Even Surface

If the instrument is not installed on a stable horizontal surface, the printer’s recording quality may degrade and precise measurements may be impeded.

Well-Ventilated Location

Vent holes are located on the top and bottom of the instrument. To prevent internal overheating, allow at least 20 mm of space around the vent holes.

When connecting measurement wires and other various cables or when opening or closing the built-in printer cover, allow extra space for operation.

Ambient Temperature and Humidity

Ambient temperature: 5 to 40°C Ambient humidity: 20 to 80%RH (when the printer is not used)

35 to 80%RH (when the printer is used) No condensation in either case.

Storage Location

Do Not Install the Instrument in the Following Places:

• In direct sunlight or near heat sources.

• Where an excessive amount of soot, steam, dust, or corrosive gas is present.

• Near strong magnetic field sources.

• Near high voltage equipment or power lines.

• Where the level of mechanical vibration is high.

• In an unstable place.

Note

• For the most accurate measurements, use the instrument in the following environment. Ambient temperature: 23±3°C Ambient humidity: 30 to 75%RH (no condensation) When using the instrument in a place where the ambient temperature is 5 to 20°C or 26 to 40°C, add the temperature coefficient to the accuracy as specified in chapter 17.

• When installing the instrument in a place where the ambient humidity is 30% or below, take measures to prevent static electricity such as using an anti-static mat.

• Condensation may occur if the instrument is moved to another place where the ambient temperature is higher, or if the temperature changes rapidly. In this case, let the instrument adjust to the new environment for at least an hour before using the instrument.

When storing the instrument, avoid the following places:

• Where the relative humidity is 80% • Where the level of mechanical vibration is or more. high.

• In direct sunlight. • Where corrosive or explosive gas is present.

• Where the temperature is 60°C•Where an excessive amount of soot, dust, or higher. salt, and iron are present.

• Near a high humidity or heat source. • Where water, oil, or chemicals may splash.

It is recommended that the instrument be stored in an environment where the temperature is between 5 and 40°C and the relative humidity is between 20 and 80%.

3-2 IM 760101-01E

Installation Position

3.2 Installing the Instrument

Desktop

Place the instrument on a flat, even surface as shown in the figure below. If the instrument is installed in a horizontal position, rubber feet can be attached to prevent slipping. Two sets (four pieces) of rubber feet are included in the package.

Rack Mount

To rack mount the instrument, use the rack mount kit that is sold separately.

Name Model Notes

Rack mount kit 751535-E4 For EIA Rack mount kit 751535-J4 For JIS

An outline of the attachment procedures is given below. For details regarding the attachment procedures, see the instructions that are included with the rack mount kit.

1. Remove the handles on both sides of the instrument.

2. Remove the four feet on the bottom of the instrument.

3. Remove the two plastic rivets and the four seals covering the rack mount attachment holes on both sides of the instrument near the front.

4. Places seals over the feet and handle attachment holes.

5. Attach the rack mount kit.

6. Mount the instrument on the rack.

Before Starting Measurements

IM 760101-01E

Note

• When rack mounting the instrument, allow at least 20 mm of space around the vent holes to

prevent internal overheating.

• Make sure to have adequate support for the bottom of the instrument. However, do not block

the vent holes in the process.

3-3

3.3 Wiring Precautions

To prevent the possibility of electric shock and damage to the instrument, follow the warnings below.

• Employ protective earth ground before connecting measurement cables.

• Turn OFF the power to the measurement circuit, when wiring the circuit. Connecting or removing measurement cables while the power is turned ON is dangerous.

• Take special caution not to wire a current circuit to the voltage input terminal or a voltage circuit to the current input terminal.

• Strip the insulation cover of the measurement cable so that when it is wired to the input terminal, the conductive parts (bare wires) do not protrude from the terminal. Also, make sure to fasten the input terminal screws securely so that the cable does not come loose.

• Use cables with safety terminals that cover the conductive parts for connecting to the voltage input terminals. Using a terminal with bare conductive parts (such as a banana plug) is dangerous when the terminal comes loose.

• Use cables with safety terminals that cover the conductive parts for connecting to the current sensor input terminals. Using a terminal with bare conductive parts is dangerous when the terminal comes loose.

• When the voltage of the circuit under measurement is being applied to the current input terminals, do not touch the current sensor input terminals. Since these terminals are electrically connected inside the instrument, this act is dangerous.

• When connecting measurement cables from an external current sensor to the current sensor input connector, remove the cables connected to the current input terminals. In addition, when the voltage of the circuit under measurement is being applied to the current sensor input terminal, do not touch the current input terminals. Since these terminals are electrically connected inside the instrument, this act is dangerous.

• When using the external potential transformer (PT) or current transformer (CT), make sure it has enough withstand voltage with respect to the voltage (U) being measured (2U + 1000 V recommended). Also, make sure that the secondary side of the CT does not become an open circuit while the power is being applied. Otherwise, high voltage will appear at the secondary side of the CT, making it extremely dangerous.

• When using an external current sensor, make sure to use a sensor that comes in a case. The conductive parts and the case should be insulated, and the sensor should have enough withstand voltage with respect to the voltage being measured. Using a bare sensor is dangerous, because you might accidentally come in contact with it.

• When using a shunt-type current sensor as an external current sensor, turn OFF the circuit under measurement. Connecting or removing a sensor while the power is ON is dangerous.

• When using a clamp-type current sensor as an external current sensor, have a good understanding of the voltage of the circuit under measurement and the specifications and handling of the clamp-type sensor. Then, confirm that there are no shock hazards.

• For safety reasons, when using the instrument on a rack mount, furnish a switch for turning OFF the circuit under measurement from the front side of the rack.

• After connecting the measurement cable, attach the current input protection cover using the 4 screws provided for your safety. Make sure that the conductive parts are not exposed from the protection cover.

WARNING

3-4 IM 760101-01E

3.3 Wiring Precautions

• To make the protective functions effective, check the following items before applying the voltage or current of the circuit under measurement.

• The power cable provided with the instrument is used to connect to the power

supply and the instrument is grounded.

• The power switch of the instrument is turned ON.

• The current input protective cover provided with the instrument is being used.

• When the power switch of the instrument is turned ON, do not apply a signal that exceeds the following values to the voltage or current input terminals. When the instrument is turned OFF, turn OFF the circuit under measurement. For other input terminals, see the specifications of each module in chapter 17.

Instantaneous Maximum Allowable Input (1 cycle, for 20 ms)

Voltage Input

Peak value of 4000 V or RMS value of 1500 V, whichever is less.

Current Input

5-A input element

Peak value of 30 A or RMS value of 15 A, whichever is less.

50-A input element

Peak value of 450 A or RMS value of 300 A, whichever is less.

Continuous Maximum Allowable Input

Voltage Input

Peak value of 1500 V or RMS value of 1000 V, whichever is less.

Current Input

5-A input element

Peak value of 10 A or RMS value of 7 A, whichever is less.

50-A input element

Peak value of 150 A or RMS value of 50 A, whichever is less.

Before Starting Measurements

CAUTION

• Use measurement cables that have adequate margins of withstand voltage and current capacity with respect to the voltage or current being measured. It should also have proper ratings that are suited to the measurement. Example: When making measurements on a current of 20 A, use copper wires

that have a conductive cross-sectional area of 4 mm2.

• When the measurement cable is connected, it may cause radio interference in which case the user may be required to take adequate measures.

Note

• After wiring, the wiring system must be selected. See section 5.1, “Selecting the Wiring System.”

• When measuring large currents or voltages or currents that contain high frequency components, take special care in dealing with mutual interference and noise when wiring.

• Keep the measurement cables as short as possible to minimize the loss between the circuit under measurement and the instrument.

• The thick lines on the wiring diagrams shown in sections 3.6 and 3.9 are the sections where the current flows. Use appropriate wires that are suitable for the current.

• In order to make accurate measurements of the voltage of the circuit under measurement, connect the cable to the circuit as close as possible.

• In order to make correct measurements, separate the measurement cables as far away from the earth ground wires and the instrument’s case as possible to minimize the static capacitance to earth ground.

• To more accurately measure apparent power and power factor in three-phase unbalanced circuits, we recommend the three-voltage three-current (3V3A) measurement method.

IM 760101-01E

3-5

3.4 For Making Accurate Measurements

Effects of Power Loss

By using an appropriate wiring system that matches the load, the effects of power loss on measurement accuracy can be minimized. We will consider the current source (SOURCE) and load resistance (LOAD) below.

• When the Measurement Current Is Relatively Large

Wire so that the voltage measurement circuit is connected to the load side. The current measurement circuit measures the sum of current i of the circuit under measurement and the current iV flowing through the voltage measurement circuit. Because the current flowing through the circuit under measurement is iL, iV is the amount of error. The input resistance of the voltage measurement circuit of the instrument is approximately 2 MΩ. If the input is 1000 V, iV is approximately 0.5 mA (1000 V/2 MΩ). If the load current, iL, is 5 A or more (load resistance is 200 Ω or less), then the effect of iV on the measurement is 0.01% or less. If the input is 100 V and 5 A, iV = 0.05 mA (100 V/2 MΩ) then the effect of iV on the measurement accuracy is 0.001% (0.05 mA/5 A).

SOURCE

Input terminal

(ELEMENT)

LOAD

SOURCE

As a reference, the relationship of the voltages and currents that produce effects of

0.1%, 0.01%, and 0.001% are shown in the figure below.

Measured voltage (V)

1000

800

600

400

200

0.1% Effect 0.01% Effect

Smaller effect

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

0.5A

Measured current (A)

• When the Measurement Current Is Relatively Small

Wire so that the current measurement circuit is connected to the load side. In this case, the voltage measurement circuit measures the sum of the load voltage eL and voltage drop eI across the current measurement circuit. eI is the amount of error in this case. The input resistance of the current measurement circuit of the instrument is 100 mΩ and 2 mΩ for the 5-A and 50-A input terminals, respectively. For example, if the load resistance is 1 kΩ, then the effects on the measurement accuracy is 0.01% for the 5-A input terminal (100 mΩ/1 kΩ) and 0.0002% for the 50-A input terminal (2 mΩ/1 kΩ).

SOURCE

WT1600

LOAD

3-6 IM 760101-01E

flowing through the load

WT1600

0.001% Effect

LOAD

Effects of Stray Capacitance

The effects of stray capacitance on the measurement accuracy can be minimized by connecting the current input terminal of the instrument to the side that is close to the earth potential of the power source (SOURCE).

3.4 For Making Accurate Measurements

The internal structure of the instrument is as follows. The voltage and current measurement circuits are each enclosed in shielded cases. These shielded cases are placed inside the outer case. The shielded case of the voltage measurement circuit is connected to the ± terminal of the voltage input terminal and the shielded case of the current measurement circuit is connected to the ± terminal of the current input terminal. Because the outer case is insulated from the shielded case, stray capacitance Cs of approximately 100 pF exists. The current generated by this stray capacitance, Cs, will cause errors.

Shielded case of the voltage

measurement circuit

Outer case

Earth

Shielded case of the current measurement circuit

For example, we will consider the case when one side of the power source and the outer case are grounded. In this case, two current flows can be considered, load current i

and the current that flows

through the stray capacitance iCs. iL flows through the current measurement circuit, then through the load, and returns to the power source (shown with a dotted line). iCs flows through the current measurement source, through the stray capacitance, and then through the earth ground of the outer case, and returns to the power source (shown with a dot-dash line). Therefore, the current measurement circuit ends up measuring the sum of i

and iCs even

though it wants to measure only iL. iCs is the amount of error in this case. If the voltage applied to Cs is VCs (common mode voltage), then iCs can be found using the following equation. Because the phase of iCs is ahead of the voltage by 90° the effects of iCs on the measurement accuracy increases as the power factor gets smaller.

= VCs × 2πf × Cs

Before Starting Measurements

IM 760101-01E

SOURCE

LOAD

When measuring high frequencies as in this instrument, this error, iCs, cannot be ignored. By connecting the current input terminal of the instrument to the side that is close to the earth potential of the power source (SOURCE), the terminal of the current measurement circuit of the instrument approaches the earth potential. Thus, V approximately zero and very little i

flows.

becomes

3-7

3.5 Connecting the Power Supply

Before Connecting the Power

To prevent the possibility of electric shock and damage to the instrument, follow the warnings below.

WARNING

• Connect the power cord only after confirming that the voltage of the power supply matches the rated electric power voltage for the instrument.

• Connect the power cord after checking that the power switch of the instrument is turned OFF.

• To prevent the possibility of electric shock or fire, always use the power cord supplied by YOKOGAWA.

• Make sure to perform protective grounding to prevent the possibility of electric shock. Connect the power cord to a three-pin power outlet with a protective earth terminal.

• Do not use an extension cord without protective earth ground. Otherwise, the protection function will be compromised.

• Use a power outlet compatible with the accessory power cord and ensure proper protective grounding. Do not use the instrument if no such compatible power outlet and proper protective grounding are available.

Connecting the Power Cord

1. Check that the power switch is OFF.

2. Connect the power cord plug to the power connector on the rear panel. (Use

the power cord that came with the package.)

3. Connect the plug on the other end of the power cord to the outlet that meets the

conditions below. The AC outlet must be of a three-pin type with a protective earth ground terminal.

Item Specification

Rated supply voltage 100 to 120 VAC, 200 to 240 VAC Permitted supply voltage range 90 to 132 VAC, 180 to 264 VAC Rated supply voltage frequency 50/60 Hz Permitted supply voltage frequency range 48 to 63 Hz Maximum power consumption (when using the printer) 150 VA

3-pin outlet

Power cord (included in the package)

3-8 IM 760101-01E

3.6 Directly Wiring the Circuit under Measurement

The measurement cable is wired directly from the circuit under measurement to the voltage/current input terminal. To prevent the possibility of electric shock and damage to the instrument, follow the precautions given in section 3.3, “Wiring Precautions.”

Connecting to the Input Terminal

• Voltage Input Terminal

The terminal is a φ4-mm safety banana jack (female). Insert the safety terminal (the conductive parts are not exposed) into the voltage input terminal.

• Current Input Terminal

• The terminal is a binding post. The screws used on the terminal (binding post) are M6 screws. Either wind the wire around the screw or pass the crimp-on lugs through the screw axis, then tighten firmly by holding the terminal knob.

Before Starting Measurements

3.1

2.1 Unit: mm

Number of Installed Input Elements and Wiring Systems

The selectable wiring systems vary depending on the number of input elements that are installed in the instrument. You may be able to select only a single type of wiring system or two or three types of wiring systems. For details, see “Number of Installed Input Elements and Wiring Systems” in section 1.3, “Measurement Conditions.”

IM 760101-01E

3-9

3.6 Directly Wiring the Circuit under Measurement

Note

• After wiring, the wiring system must be selected. See section 5.1, “Selecting the Wiring System.”

• The thick lines on the wiring diagrams are the sections where the current flows. Use appropriate wires that are suitable for the current.

Wiring Example of a Single-Phase, Two-Wire System (1P2W)

If there are six input elements, six single-phase, two-wire systems can be set up.

SOURCE

Input terminal

SOURCE

Input terminal

LOAD

SOURCE

LOAD

SOURCE

Wiring Example of a Single-Phase, Three-Wire System (1P3W)

• If there are six input elements, three single-phase, three-wire systems can be set up (elements 1 and 2, elements 3 and 4, and elements 5 and 6).

• The assignment of elements to the input terminals in the figure varies depending on the number of installed input elements. For details, see “Number of Installed Input Elements and Wiring Systems” in section 1.3, “Measurement Conditions.”

LOAD

SOURCE

LOAD

SOURCE

Input terminal 1

Input terminal 2

3-10 IM 760101-01E

3.6 Directly Wiring the Circuit under Measurement

Wiring Example of a Three-Phase, Three-Wire System (3P3W)

• If there are six input elements, three three-phase, three-wire systems can be set up (elements 1 and 2, elements 3 and 4, and elements 5 and 6).

SOURCE

R S T

LOAD

SOURCE

Input terminal 2Input terminal 1

Wiring Example of a Three-Voltage, Three-Current System (3V3A)

• If there are six input elements, two three-voltage, three-current systems can be set up (elements 1, 2, and 3 and elements 4, 5, and 6).

Before Starting Measurements

LOAD

SOURCE

R S T

Input terminal 2Input terminal 1 Input terminal 3

LOAD

SOURCE

Wiring Example of a Three-Phase, Four-Wire System (3P4W)

• If there are six input elements, two three-phase, four-wire systems can be set up (elements 1, 2, and 3 and elements 4, 5, and 6).

SOURCE

R S T N

Input terminal 1 Input terminal 2 Input terminal 3

LOAD

SOURCE

U3 U1

LOAD

IM 760101-01E

Note

For the relationship between the wiring systems and the method of determining the measured values or computed values, see Appendix 1, “Symbols and Determination of Measurement Functions.”

3-11

3.7 Using an External Current Sensor to Wire the Circuit under Measurement

To prevent the possibility of electric shock and damage to the instrument, follow the precautions given in section 3.3, “Wiring Precautions.”

• As shown below, when the maximum current value of the circuit under measurement exceeds the maximum range of the input element, an external sensor can be connected to the current sensor input connector in order to measure the current of the circuit under measurement.

• 5-A input element

When the maximum current exceeds “5 Arms.”

• 50-A input element

When the maximum current exceeds “50 Arms.”

•A shunt-type or clamp-type current sensor can be used for an external current sensor.

Connecting to the Current Sensor Input Connector

Connect an external sensor cable with the BNC connector (B9284LK, sold separately) to the current sensor input connector. When connecting the external sensor cable, remove the measurement cable from the current input terminal. Since the current sensor input connector and the current input connector are connected internally, measurement inaccuracies or malfunction could result. In addition, when the voltage of the circuit under measurement is being applied to the current sensor input terminals, do not touch the other current input terminals or current sensor terminals. Since these terminals are electrically connected inside the instrument, doing so can be dangerous.

Number of Installed Input Elements and Wiring Systems

3-12 IM 760101-01E

3.7 Using an External Current Sensor to Wire the Circuit under Measurement

Note

• After wiring, the wiring system must be selected. See section 5.1, “Selecting the Wiring System.”

• The thick lines on the wiring diagrams are the sections where the current flows. Use appropriate wires that are suitable for the current.

• To more accurately measure apparent power and power factor in three-phase unbalanced circuits, we recommend the three-voltage three-current (3V3A) measurement method.

• The current sensor input transformation function can be used to transform the input signal to data that correspond to direct measurements. For the procedures, see section 5.3, “Setting the Measurement Range When Using an External Current Sensor.”

• Note that the frequency and phase characteristics of the external current sensor affect the measured data.

• Make sure you have the polarities correct when making the connections. Otherwise, the polarity of the measurement current will be reversed and correct measurements cannot be made. Be especially careful when connecting the clamp type current sensor, because it is easy to reverse the connection.

• To minimize error when using a shunt-type current sensor, note the following points when connecting the external sensor cable.

• Connect the shielded wire of the external sensor cable to the L side of the shunt output

terminal (OUT).

• Minimize the area created between the wires connecting the current sensor to the external

sensor cable. The effects due to the line of magnetic force (caused by the measurement current) and noise that enter this area of space can be reduced.

Before Starting Measurements

Shunt-type current sensor

• For a shunt-type current sensor, connect it to the power earth ground side as shown in the figure below. If you have to connect the sensor to the non-earth side, use a wire that is thicker than AWG18 (conductive cross-sectional area of approx. 1 mm2) between the sensor and the instrument to reduce the effects of common mode voltage. Take safety and error reduction in consideration when constructing an external sensor cable.

Shunt-type current sensor

• When the circuit under measurement is not grounded and the signal is high in frequency or large in power, the effects of the inductance of the connection cable for the shunt-type current sensor become large. In these cases, use an isolation sensor (CT, DC-CT, or clamp) for the measurements.

OUT H

OUT L

Area of space created by the connection wires

External sensor cable

WT1600

Shielded wire

Voltage input

terminal

LOAD

Current sensor input connector

IM 760101-01E

Clamp-type current sensor

Voltage input

terminal

Current sensor input connector

LOAD

3-13

3.7 Using an External Current Sensor to Wire the Circuit under Measurement

The following wiring examples are for connecting shunt-type current sensors. When connecting a clamp-type current sensor, replace the shunt-type current sensor with the clamp-type. In addition, the assignment of elements to the input terminals in the following figure varies depending on the number of installed input elements. For details, see “Number of Installed Input Elements and Wiring Systems” in section 1.3, “Measurement Conditions.”

Wiring Example of a Single-Phase, Two-Wire System (1P2W) Using a Shunt-Type Current Sensor

SOURCE

Shunt-type current sensor

Earth side

OUT L OUT H

Current sensor input connector (EXT)

LOAD

Input terminal

Wiring Example of a Single-Phase, Three-Wire System (1P3W) Using a Shunt-Type Current Sensor

SOURCE LOAD

OUT H

OUT L

Input terminal 1

OUT H

OUT L

Input terminal 2

Current sensor input connector (EXT)

Wiring Example of a Three-Phase, Three-Wire System (3P3W) Using a Shunt-Type Current Sensor

SOURCE LOAD

3-14 IM 760101-01E

OUT H

OUT L

Input terminal 1

Current sensor input connector (EXT)

OUT H

OUT L

Input terminal 2

Current sensor input connector (EXT)

3.7 Using an External Current Sensor to Wire the Circuit under Measurement

Wiring Example of a Three-Voltage, Three-Current System (3V3A) Using a Shunt-Type Current Sensor

SOURCE

OUT H

OUT L

OUT H

Input

terminal 1

Current sensor input connector (EXT)

OUT L

OUT H

Input

terminal 2

Current sensor input connector (EXT)

OUT L

Current sensor input connector (EXT)

LOAD

Input terminal 3

Wiring Example of a Three-Phase, Four-Wire System (3P4W) Using a Shunt-Type Current Sensor

SOURCE LOAD

OUT H

OUT L

Input terminal 1

OUT LOUT H

Input

terminal 2

OUT H

OUT L

Input terminal 3

Before Starting Measurements

Current sensor input connector (EXT)

Note

For the relationship between the wiring systems and the method of determining the measured values or computed values, see Appendix 1, “Symbols and Determination of Measurement Functions.”

IM 760101-01E

3-15

3.8 Using an External PT or CT to Wire the Circuit under Measurement

Connect a measurement cable from an external potential transformer (PT) or current transformer (CT) to the voltage or current input terminal of the input element. To prevent the possibility of electric shock and damage to the instrument, follow the precautions given in section 3.3, “Wiring Precautions.”

• An external PT can be used to make measurements when the maximum voltage of the circuit under measurement exceeds “1000 Vrms.”

• An external CT can be used to make measurements when the maximum current of the circuit under measurement exceeds the maximum range of the input element as shown below.

• 5-A input element

When the maximum current exceeds “5 Arms.”

• 50-A input element

When the maximum current exceeds “50 Arms.”

Connecting to the Input Terminal

• Voltage input terminal

Insert the safety terminal (the conductive parts are not exposed) into the voltage input terminal.

• Current input terminal

• When the voltage of the circuit under measurement is being applied to the current

input terminals, do not touch the current sensor input terminals. Since these terminals are electrically connected inside the instrument, this act is dangerous.

• When connecting measurement cables from an external current sensor to the

current sensor input connector, remove the cables connected to the current input terminals. In addition, when the voltage of the circuit under measurement is being applied to the current sensor input terminal, do not touch the current input terminals. Since these terminals are electrically connected inside the instrument, this act is dangerous.

• The screws used on the terminal (binding post) are M6 screws. Either wind the

wire around the screw or pass the crimp-on lugs through the screw axis, then tighten firmly by holding the terminal knob.

Number of Installed Input Elements and Wiring Systems

3-16 IM 760101-01E

3.8 Using an External PT or CT to Wire the Circuit under Measurement

Note

• After wiring, the wiring system must be selected. See section 5.1, “Selecting the Wiring System.”

• The thick lines on the wiring diagrams are the sections where the current flows. Use appropriate wires that are suitable for the current.

• The scaling function can be used to transform the input signal to data that correspond to direct measurements. For the procedures, see section 5.4, “Setting the Scaling Function when using an External PT or CT.”

• Note that the frequency and phase characteristics of the PT or CT affect the measured data.

• This section includes wiring diagrams that show, for safety purposes, the grounding of the secondary common terminals (+/–) for PT and CT.

• To more accurately measure apparent power and power factor in three-phase unbalanced circuits, we recommend the three-voltage three-current (3V3A) measurement method.

The assignment of elements to the input terminals in the following figure varies depending on the number of installed input elements. For details, see “Number of Installed Input Elements and Wiring Systems” in section 1.3, “Measurement Conditions.”

Wiring Example of a Single-Phase, Two-Wire System (1P2W) Using PT and CT

Before Starting Measurements

SOURCE

Input terminal

LOAD

SOURCE

Input terminal

LOAD

Wiring Example of a Single-Phase, Three-Wire System (1P3W) Using PT and CT

SOURCE

Input terminal 1

Input terminal 2

LOAD

IM 760101-01E

3-17

3.8 Using an External PT or CT to Wire the Circuit under Measurement

Wiring Example of a Three-Phase, Three-Wire System (3P3W) Using PT and CT

SOURCE

R S T

Input terminal 1

Input terminal 2

LOAD

Wiring Example of a Three-Voltage, Three-Current System (3V3A) Using PT and CT

SOURCE

R S T

LOAD

Input terminal 1

Input terminal 2

Input terminal 3

Wiring Example of a Three-Phase, Four-Wire System (3P4W) Using PT and CT

SOURCE

R S T N

Input terminal 1

Note

For the relationship between the wiring systems and the method of determining the measured values or computed values, see Appendix 1, “Symbols and Determination of Measurement Functions.”

Input terminal 2

Input terminal 3

LOAD

3-18 IM 760101-01E

3.9 Wiring a Circuit with Voltage Input Exceeding 600 V

When the voltage across the voltage input terminals exceeds 600 V, do not directly input the current to the current input terminals. Connect the output of an isolation sensor (CT, DT-CT, or clamp) to the current sensor input connector.

WARNING

• The rated voltage between the input terminal (voltage input terminal, current input terminal, and current sensor input connector) and earth ground is 600 V. Do not apply a voltage exceeding 600 V.

• The rated voltage between the voltage and current input terminals, between the voltage input terminal and current sensor input connector, and between the current input terminal and current sensor input connector is 600 V. Do not apply a voltage exceeding 600 V.

• The rated voltage between the U-voltage input terminal and the terminal of voltage input terminal is 1000 V. Do not apply a voltage exceeding 1000 V.

• When the voltage across the voltage input terminals exceeds 600 V, do not directly input the current to the current input terminals. Connect the output of an isolation sensor (CT, DT-CT, or clamp) to the current sensor input connector.

• Follow the precautions given in section 3.3, “Wiring Precautions.”

Before Starting Measurements

• When the isolation sensor is current output

SOURCE

Input terminal

• When the isolation sensor is voltage output

SOURCE

Current sensor input connector (EXT)

LOAD

Input terminal 1

IM 760101-01E

Note

For wiring precautions, see also sections 3.7 and 3.8.

3-19

3.10 Turning ON/OFF the Power Switch

Points to Check before Turning ON the Power

• Check that the instrument is installed properly (see section 3.2, “Installing the Instrument”).

• Check that the power cord is connected properly (see section 3.5, “Connecting the Power Supply”).

• Check that the circuit under measurement is wired properly (see sections 3.7 “Directly Wiring the Circuit under Measurement,” 3.8 “Using an External Current Sensor to Wire the Circuit under Measurement,” 3.9 “Using an External PT or CT to Wire the Circuit under Measurement,” and 3.10 “Wiring a Circuit with Voltage Input Exceeding 600 V.”

Location of the Power Switch

The power switch is located in the lower left corner of the front panel.

Turning ON/OFF the Power Switch

The power switch is a push button. Press the button once to turn it “ON” and press it again to turn it “OFF.”

OFF ON

The Order in Turning ON/OFF the Power

When using the model with the SCSI option and you wish to save or load data using an external SCSI device, turn ON the SCSI device first, then turn ON this instrument. When turning OFF the instrument and SCSI device, reverse the order.

Power Up Operation

When the power switch is turned ON, the self-test starts automatically. When the selftest completes successfully, the display shows the screen that is displayed when the power switch is turned OFF.

Note

If the instrument does not operate as described above when the power switch is turned ON, turn OFF the power switch and check the following points.

• Check that the power cord is securely connected to the outlet.

• Check that the correct voltage is coming to the power outlet (see section 3.5, “Connecting the Power Supply”).

• Check that the fuse is not blown (see section 16.5, “Replacing the Power Fuse”).

• If the power switch is turned ON while pressing RESET, the setup parameters are initialized to their factory default values. For information on initialization, see section 15.3, “Initializing the Settings.”

If the instrument still does not work after checking these points, contact your nearest YOKOGAWA dealer for repairs.

3-20 IM 760101-01E

For Making Accurate Measurements

• Allow the instrument to warm up for at least an hour after turning ON the power switch.

• Perform zero-level compensation after warm-up (see section 15.4, “Performing ZeroLevel Compensation”).

Shutdown Operation

The setup parameters that exist immediately before the power switch is turned OFF are stored in memory. The same is true when the power cord gets disconnected from the outlet. The next time the power switch is turned ON, the instrument powers up using the stored setup parameters.

Note

A lithium battery is used to retain the setup parameters. When the lithium battery voltage falls below a certain level, a message is displayed on the screen (see section 16.2) when the power switch is turned ON. When this message appears frequently, the battery must be replaced quickly. The user cannot replace the battery. For battery replacement, contact your nearest YOKOGAWA dealer. For information regarding battery life, see section 16.6.

3.10 Turning ON/OFF the Power Switch

Before Starting Measurements

IM 760101-01E

3-21

3.11 Setting the Date and Time

ESC

Keys

INPUT

SCALING

AVG

WIRING

MEASURE

CAL

DISPLAY

TRIG'D

WAVE

CURSOR

To exit the menu during operation, press ESC.

Procedure

RANGE

MOTOR SET

FILTER

INTEGRATOR

START STOP SYNC SRC

INTEG SET RESET

1. Press MISC to display the Misc menu.

2. Press the Date/Time soft key to display the Date/Time dialog box.

HOLD

SINGLE

HARMONICS

UP DATE

RATE

FILE

STORE SET

REMOTE

LOCAL MISC

MAX HOLD N ULL

COPYSTORE

SHIFT

• Turning ON/OFF the Date/Time Display

3. Turn the jog shuttle to select Display.

4. Press SELECT to select ON or OFF.

• Setting the Date and Time

5. Turn the jog shuttle to select Date or Time.

6. Press SELECT to display the keyboard.

7. Use the keyboard to set the date or time.

For keyboard operations, see section 3.12, “Entering Values and Strings.”

• Confirming the New Settings

8. Turn the jog shuttle to select Set.

9. Press SELECT. If ON was selected in step 4, the new date and time are

displayed in the lower right corner of the screen. If the procedure is aborted without pressing SELECT, the new settings are not reflected on the display.

Setting the date

Setting the time

3-22 IM 760101-01E

Explanation

3.11 Setting the Date and Time

• Turning ON/OFF the Date/Time display

You can select whether or not to display the date and time in the lower right corner of the

screen.

• OFF: Do not display the date and time.

• ON: Display the date and time.

• Setting the Date and Time

• Setting the date

You can set the date in the form YY/MM/DD (year/month/day). Set the lower two digits of the year. Set 00 to 99 for years 2000 to 2099.

• Setting the time

You can set the time in the form HH:MM:SS (hour:minute:second). The hour is set using a 24-hour clock.

• Confirming the New Settings

When the date/time is turned ON/OFF, it is immediately reflected on the screen. However, if you are changing the date and time, you must confirm the new settings. If you do not (abort the operation), the new settings will not take effect.

Before Starting Measurements

Note

• The date and time information is backed up with the lithium battery when the power is turned OFF.

• The instrument contains leap year information. The instrument determines the leap year

calendar when the new settings are confirmed. If you enter [2/29] on a non-leap year, an error message will be displayed.

IM 760101-01E

3-23

3.12 Entering Values and Strings

ESC ESC

Entering Values

After selecting the setup parameter with the SELECT key and soft keys, the value can be changed using the jog shuttle. The outer shuttle ring can be used step through the values in large increments. On some parameters, the arrow keys below the jog shuttle can be used to move among the digits.

Note

Some of the parameters that can be changed using the jog shuttle are reset to their initial values when the RESET key is pressed.

Entering Strings

The date/time, the equation for the user-defined function, a file name, and a comment can be entered using the keyboard that is displayed on the screen. The jog shuttle, arrow keys, and SELECT key are used to operate the keyboard to enter the character strings.

• Entering the date or unit

The following figure shows the keyboard that appears when setting the date or unit.

1. Turn the jog shuttle to select the character to be entered.

2. Press SELECT to enter the string in the entry box.

3. Repeat steps 1 and 2 to enter all the characters.

4. After entering all the characters, select ENT on the keyboard and press

INSERT indicator

If there are strings already in the entry box, use the arrow keys to select the entry position.

SELECT. The string is confirmed and the keyboard disappears.

Entry box

3-24 IM 760101-01E

3.12 Entering Values and Strings

• Entering the equation for the user-defined function

The following figure shows the keyboard that appears when setting the equation for the user-defined function. Long equations can be temporarily held in the internal memory so that it can be used in other equations.

• Entering the equation and temporarily storing it

1. Turn the jog shuttle to select the character to be entered.

(Long function names can be selected by pressing one key.)

2. Press SELECT to enter the string in the entry box.

If there are strings already in the entry box, use the arrow keys to select the entry position.

3. Repeat steps 1 and 2 to enter all the characters.

4. After entering all the characters, select ENT on the keyboard and press

SELECT. The string is confirmed and the keyboard disappears. At the same time, the equation is temporarily stored in the internal memory.

• When the equation is not correct and an error message is displayed, it is still stored in the memory.

• Up to five equations can be stored. Beyond five, for all successive equations, the oldest equation is cleared.

• Recalling the temporarily stored equation

1. Select on the keyboard and press SELECT. A window opens and the

temporarily stored equation is displayed.

2. Select the equation you wish to recall and press SELECT. The selected

equation appears in the entry box on the keyboard.

If there are strings already in the entry box, they are overwritten with the recalled equation.

3. Correct the recalled equation according to steps 1 to 4 in “Entering the equation and temporary storage” described above and confirm it. At this point, the equation is temporarily stored in the internal memory.

Before Starting Measurements

The window displaying the equation that is stored in the memory

The key that is selected when displaying the window on the right

IM 760101-01E

3-25

ESC

3.12 Entering Values and Strings

• Enter the file name and comment (such as the server name, user name, password, and e-mail address for Ethernet communication)

The following figure shows the keyboard that appears when setting the file name or comment. File names and comments can be temporarily held in the internal memory so that they can be used in other file names and comments.

• Enter the file name and comment and temporarily storing them

1. Turn the jog shuttle to select the character to be entered. You can also press

2. Press SELECT to enter the string in the entry box.

3. Repeat steps 1 and 2 to enter all the characters.

4. After entering all the characters, select ENT on the keyboard and press

the

and soft keys to move the cursor vertically.

If there are strings already in the entry box, use the arrow keys to select the entry position.

SELECT. The string is confirmed and the keyboard disappears (you can also press the ENT soft key to achieve the same result). At the same time, the confirmed string is temporarily stored in the internal memory.

Up to 8 sets of strings can be stored. Beyond eight, for all successive entries, the oldest string is cleared.

• Recalling the temporary stored string

1. Press the soft key. Each time the soft key is pressed the temporarily stored

strings are displayed in the entry box of the keyboard in order. When the eight strings that are temporarily stored are displayed, the most recent string is displayed again.

If there are strings already in the entry box, they are overwritten with the recalled string.

2. Correct the recalled equation according to steps 1 to 4 in “Entering the file name

and comment and temporary storing them” described above and confirm it. At this point, the string is temporarily stored in the internal memory.

Entry box

Moves the cursor upward.

Moves the cursor downward.

Switches between upper case and lower case.

Deletes the character before the entry position.

Switches the insert/overwrite mode.

Recalls the temporary stored string

Confirms the string.

3-26 IM 760101-01E

3.12 Entering Values and Strings

• Keys other than the character keys

• BS: Deletes the character before the entry position.

• INS: Switches the insert/overwrite mode. During the insert mode, the INSERT indicator on the keyboard lights. When a new character is entered in the insert mode, the new character is placed at the entry position and all following characters are moved backward. On the keyboard that appears when entering a file name or comment, pressing “RESET” on the front panel achieves the same operation as CLR.

• CLR: Clears all displayed characters.

• CAPS: Switches between upper case and lower case.

• SPACE: Enters a space.

• ENT: Confirms the displayed characters.

• Number of characters and types that can be used

Item Number of Characters Characters That Can Be Used

Date and time Specified number 0 to 9 (/, :) Equation 1 to 50 characters Characters that are displayed on the keyboard

and spaces

Unit 1 to 8 characters Characters that are displayed on the keyboard

and spaces File Name 1 to 8 characters 0-9, A-Z, %, _, ( ) (parenthesis), – (minus sign) Comment 0 to 25 characters Characters that are displayed on the keyboard

and spaces Server name 0 to 40 characters Characters that are displayed on the keyboard

and spaces User name 0 to 40 characters Characters that are displayed on the keyboard

and spaces Password 0 to 40 characters Characters that are displayed on the keyboard

and spaces E-mail address 0 to 40 characters Characters that are displayed on the keyboard

and spaces

(the @ character cannot be entered

consecutively.)

Before Starting Measurements

Note

• Upper and lower case letters are not distinguished for file names. They are distinguished in comments. In addition, the following five file names cannot be used due to limitations of MS-DOS. AUX, CON, PRN, NUL, and CLOCK

• When using the GP-IB or serial interface commands to enter a file name, the following symbols that do not exist on the keyboard of this instrument can be used. { }

IM 760101-01E

3-27

Chapter 4 Screen Display Format

ESC

4.1 Displaying the Data (Numerical Data) of Measurement Functions

«For a functional description, see section 1.4.»

Keys

INPUT

SCALING

AVG

WIRING

MEASURE

CAL

HOLD

SINGLE

HARMONICS

UP DATE

RATE

DISPLAY

TRIG'D

WAVE

CURSOR

To exit the menu during operation, press ESC.

Procedure

RANGE

MOTOR SET

FILTER

INTEGRATOR

START STOP SYNC SRC

INTEG SET RESET

1. Press DISPLAY to display the Display menu.

2. Press the Format soft key to display the display format selection box.

FILE

STORE SET

REMOTE

LOCAL MISC

MAX HOLD N ULL

COPYSTORE

SHIFT

Screen Display Format

Displaying Numerical Data

3. Turn the jog shuttle to select Numeric, Numeric+Wave, Numeric+Bar (only

during harmonic measurement), or Numeric+Trend.

4. Press SELECT to confirm the new display format.

IM 760101-01E

4-1

ESC

4.1 Displaying the Data (Numerical Data) of Measurement Functions

The following procedures are given for a representative example in which the display format is set to Numeric.

During Normal Measurement

Selecting the Displayed Item

5. Press the Item Amount soft key to display the Item Amount menu.

6. Press one of the 4(2) to All keys to select the number of displayed items.

ESC

Scrolling the Display

7. Turn the jog shuttle to move the highlighting of the measurement function.

• If the number of displayed items is set to 4(2) through 78(39), the item number of the highlighted measurement function is displayed in the Norm Item No. box of the Display menu.

• If the number of displayed items is set to All, the symbol corresponding to the highlighted measurement function is displayed in the Function box of the Display menu.

When set to 4(2) to 78(39) When set to All

ESC

4-2 IM 760101-01E

ESC

4.1 Displaying the Data (Numerical Data) of Measurement Functions

Page Scrolling the Display

7. Press the Page Up Scroll Exec or Page Down Scroll Exec soft key to scroll

the page.

• If you press the Page Up Scroll Exec soft key, the numerical data corresponding to item numbers that are smaller than those of the numerical data of measurement functions displayed up to that point are displayed.

• If you press the Page Down Scroll Exec soft key, the numerical data corresponding to item numbers that are larger than those of the numerical data displayed up to that point are displayed.

Screen Display Format

IM 760101-01E

4-3

ESCESC

ESC ESCESC

4.1 Displaying the Data (Numerical Data) of Measurement Functions

During Harmonic Measurement

Selecting the Number of Displayed Items or List Display

5. Press the Item Amount soft key to display the Item Amount menu.

6. Select one of the 4(2) to ΣList soft keys to select the number of displayed items

or list display.

Scrolling the Display

7. Turn the jog shuttle to move the highlighting.

• If the number of displayed items is set to 4(2) through 16(8), the item number of the highlighted measurement function is displayed in the Harm Item No. box of the Display menu.

• If the number of displayed items is set to Single List or Dual List, the highlighted order is displayed in the Order box of the Display menu.

• If the number of displayed items is set to ΣList, the symbol of the highlighted measurement function is displayed in the Function box in the Display menu and the order in the Order box. If the Function box is selected with the soft key, the measurement functions are scrolled. If the Order box is selected, the order is scrolled. The corresponding numerical data is displayed.

When set to 4(2) to 16(8)

When set to Single List or Dual List

When set to ΣList

4-4 IM 760101-01E

ESC

4.1 Displaying the Data (Numerical Data) of Measurement Functions

Page Scrolling the Display

• When 4(2) through 16(8) is selected in step 6

7. Press the Page Up Scroll Exec or Page Down Scroll Exec soft key to scroll

the page.

• If you press the Page Up Scroll Exec soft key, the numerical data corresponding to item numbers that are smaller than those of the data (numerical data) of measurement functions displayed up to that point are displayed.

• If you press the Page Down Scroll Exec soft key, the numerical data corresponding to item numbers that are larger than those of the numerical data displayed up to that point are displayed.

Screen Display Format

• When Single List or Dual List is selected in step 6

7. Press the Page Up Scroll Exec or Page Down Scroll Exec soft key to scroll

the page.

• If you press the Page Up Scroll Exec soft key, the numerical data corresponding to orders that are smaller than those of the numerical data displayed up to that point are displayed.

• If you press the Page Down Scroll Exec soft key, the numerical data corresponding to orders that are larger than those of the numerical data displayed up to that point are displayed.

IM 760101-01E

4-5

4.1 Displaying the Data (Numerical Data) of Measurement Functions

Explanation

A display example is shown below. For the procedure in changing the displayed items and contents of numerical data, see chapters 6, 7, and 8.

The color changes from green to red when the input signal level exceeds approx. three or six times the specified measurement range when the crest factor is set to 3 or 6, respectively. The conditions of the input signals of elements 1 to 6 are displayed in order from the left.

Displayed only to products with the motor evaluation function (option). The color changes from green to red when the analog revolution/torque signal level exceeds approx. 180% of the specified measurement range. For pulse revolution signal, the color changes from green to red when approx. ±10 V is exceeded. The first and second lines correspond to the conditions of rotating speed and torque, respectively.

Measurement functions

Number of data updates

• The number of data updates is shown in the Update line at the lower left part of the screen.

• Press HOLD to stop the data from updating. The update number stops incrementing. Press HOLD again to allow updating to continue. The update number resumes incrementing.

• If the value exceedes 65535, it returns to 0.

• If the power is turned OFF, the number of data updates resets to 0.

During Normal Measurement

Meaning of the Measurement Function Symbols

• For the meanings of the measurement function symbols that are displayed, see section 1.2, “Measurement Functions and Measurement Periods,” 1.5, “Computation,” 1.6, “Integration,” appendix 1, “Symbols and Determination of Measurement Functions,” and appendix 2, “Determination of Delta Computation.”

• For details on the wiring units expressed as ΣA, ΣB, ΣC, see section 5.1, “Selecting the Wiring System.”

Example The true rms value of the voltage of element 1

Data

Urms1

Element 1 True rms value Voltage

Simple average of the current of the elements combined by wiring unit ΣA

IdcΣA

Σ function of wiring unit ΣA

Simple average Current

4-6 IM 760101-01E

4.1 Displaying the Data (Numerical Data) of Measurement Functions

Selecting the Display Format

Select the display format of the numerical data from the following list of choices. [-------] (no data) is displayed in places where the measurement function is not selected or where no numerical data is present.

• Numeric Only the numerical data is displayed.

• Numeric+Wave The numerical data and waveform are displayed separately in the top and bottom windows. For details on setting the waveform display, see section 4.2 and chapter 9.

• Numeric+Trend The numerical data and trend are displayed separately in the top and bottom windows. For details on setting the trend display, see section 4.5 and chapter 10.

Selecting the Number of Displayed Items

Select the number of numerical data items that are displayed simultaneously from the following list of choices.

• 4(2)

• When the display format is Numeric, 4 numerical data values are displayed in

one column.

• When the display format is other than Numeric, 2 numerical data values are

displayed.

• 8(4)

• When the display format is Numeric, 8 numerical data values are displayed in

one column.

• When the display format is other than Numeric, 4 numerical data values are

displayed.

• 16(8)

• When the display format is Numeric, 16 numerical data values are displayed in

two columns.

• When the display format is other than Numeric, 8 numerical data values are

displayed.

• 42(21)

• When the display format is Numeric, 42 numerical data values are displayed in

three columns.

• When the display format is other than Numeric, 21 numerical data values are

displayed.

Screen Display Format

IM 760101-01E

• 78(39)

• When the display format is Numeric, 78 numerical data values are displayed in

three columns.

• When the display format is other than Numeric, 39 numerical data values are

displayed.

• All A table is displayed indicating the numerical data of items with measurement functions listed vertically and symbols indicating elements and wiring units listed horizontally. The number of displayed items varies depending on the number of installed elements.

4-7

4.1 Displaying the Data (Numerical Data) of Measurement Functions

During Harmonic Measurement

Meaning of the Measurement Function Symbols

• For the meanings of the measurement function symbols that are displayed, see section 1.2, “Measurement Functions and Measurement Periods,” 1.5, “Computation,” and appendix 1, “Symbols and Determination of Measurement Functions.”

• For details on the wiring units expressed as ΣA, ΣB, ΣC, see section 5.1, “Selecting the Wiring System.”

Example 20

Selecting the Display Format

•Numeric Only the numerical data is displayed.

• Numeric+Wave The numerical data and waveform are displayed separately in the top and bottom windows. For details on setting the waveform display, see section 4.2 and chapter 9.

• Numeric+Bar The numerical data and bar graph are displayed separately in the top and bottom windows. For details on setting the bar graph display, see section 4.3 and section 7.9.

• Numeric+Trend The numerical data and trend are displayed separately in the top and bottom windows. For details on setting the trend display, see section 4.5 and chapter 10.

harmonic voltage of element 2

U2(20)

20 order Element 2 Voltage

Average of the 30th harmonic current of the elements combined by wiring unit ΣB

IΣB(30)

30 order Σ function of wiring unit ΣB Current

Selecting the Number of Displayed Items or List Display

Select the number of numerical data items that are displayed simultaneously or list display from the following list of choices.

• 4(2)

• When the display format is Numeric, 4 numerical data values are displayed in

one column.

• When the display format is other than Numeric, 2 numerical data values are displayed.

• 8(4)

• When the display format is Numeric, 8 numerical data values are displayed in

one column.

• When the display format is other than Numeric, 4 numerical data values are displayed.

• 16(8)

• When the display format is Numeric, 16 numerical data values are displayed in

two columns.

• When the display format is other than Numeric, 8 numerical data values are displayed.

4-8 IM 760101-01E

4.1 Displaying the Data (Numerical Data) of Measurement Functions

• Single List

• When the display format is Numeric, 48 numerical data values for a single measurement function are displayed in two columns.

• When the display format is other than Numeric, 22 numerical data values for a single measurement function are displayed in two columns.

• Dual List

• When the display format is Numeric, 24 numerical data values each for two measurement functions are displayed in each column.

• When the display format is other than Numeric, 11 numerical data values each for two measurement functions are displayed in each column.

• Σ List

• When the display format is Numeric, a table is displayed indicating the numerical data of items with 19 measurement functions (such as U, I, P, S, Q, λ, φ) listed vertically and symbols indicating elements and wiring units listed horizontally.

• When the display format is other than Numeric, a table is displayed indicating the numerical data of items with 11 measurement functions (such as U, I, P, S, Q, λ, φ) listed vertically and symbols indicating elements and wiring units listed horizontally.

•A table is displayed for each order.

Screen Display Format

Note

• All harmonic orders (Total) or from dc (0th order) up to 100th order can be displayed. However, the numerical data up to the order corresponding to the upper limit of harmonic order under analysis (see section 17.6) that is automatically determined by the frequency of the PLL source is the data determined by the harmonic measurement.

• [-------] (no data) is displayed in places where the measurement function is not selected or where no numerical data is present.

• If Urms, Umn, Uac, Udc, Irms, Imn, Iac, or Idc exceeds 140% of the measurement range, over the range [-OL-] is displayed.

•P shows over the range [-OL-] if the measured values of either the voltage or current exceeds 140% of the measurement range.

• If the measured or computed result cannot be displayed using the specified decimal position or unit, overflow [-OF-] is displayed.

• If Urms, Uac, Irms, or Iac is less than or equal to 0.3% (when the crest factor is set to 3; less than or equal to 0.6% when the crest factor is set to 6) or Umn or Imn is less than or equal to 1% (when the crest factor is set to 3; less than or equal to 2% when the crest factor is set to

6) of the measurement range, Urms, Umn, Uac, Irms, Imn, Iac, and the measurement functions that are determined using these measurement functions display zeroes. λ or φ displays an error.

• If the measured value of frequency is outside the measurement range, fU or fI displays an error.

• If both the voltage and current are sinusoids and the ratio of the voltage and current inputs do not differ greatly with respect to the measurement range, the phase difference φ of lead (D) and lag (G) are detected correctly.

• If the power factor λ is greater than 1 and less than or equal to 2, λ becomes [1]. φ displays zero.

• If the power factor λ is greater than 2, λ and φ display errors.

IM 760101-01E

4-9

4.2 Displaying Waveforms

ESC

Keys

INPUT

SCALING

AVG

WIRING

MEASURE

CAL

Procedure

RANGE

MOTOR SET

FILTER

INTEGRATOR

START STOP SYNC SRC

INTEG SET RESET

The retrieval of waveform display data must be turned ON to display waveforms. For the procedure, see section 9.1.

«For a functional description, see section 1.7.»

HOLD

SINGLE

HARMONICS

UP DATE

RATE

FILE

STORE SET

REMOTE

LOCAL MISC

MAX HOLD N UL L

COPYSTORE

SHIFT

DISPLAY

TRIG'D

WAVE

CURSOR

To exit the menu during operation, press ESC.

1. Press DISPLAY to display the Display menu.

2. Press the Format soft key to display the display format selection box.

Displaying Waveforms

3. Turn the jog shuttle to select Wave, Numeric+Wave, Wave+Bar (only during

harmonic measurement), or Wave+Trend.

4. Press SELECT to confirm the new display format.

4-10 IM 760101-01E

Explanation

Distinction of voltage or current, the element, and the upper limit of the displayed waveform

Distinction of voltage or current, the element, and the lower limit of the displayed waveform

4.2 Displaying Waveforms

A display example is shown below. For the procedure in changing the displayed items and contents of waveforms, see chapter 9.

Screen Display Format

Time at the left end of the screen

(fixed to 0 s)

Selecting the Display Format

Select the waveform display format from the following list of choices.

• Wave Only waveforms are displayed.

• Numeric+Wave The numerical data and waveform are displayed separately in the top and bottom windows. For details on setting the numerical data display, see section 4.1, chapters 6, 7, and 8.

•Wave+Bar The waveform and bar graph are displayed separately in the top and bottom windows. The bar graph is valid during harmonic measurement. For details on setting the bar graph display, see section 4.3 and section 7.9.

• Wave+Trend The waveform and trend are displayed separately in the top and bottom windows. For details on setting the trend display, see section 4.5 and chapter 10.

Time at the right end of the screen (time span of the screen)

• Number of data points displayed in the range from the left to the right end of the screen

• When “P-P” is displayed, waveform is displayed using P-P compression (see section 1.7.)

IM 760101-01E

4-11

4.3 Displaying Bar Graphs

ESC

Keys

INPUT

SCALING

AVG

WIRING

MEASURE

CAL

Procedure

RANGE

MOTOR SET

FILTER

INTEGRATOR

START STOP SYNC SRC

INTEG SET RESET

Check that the measurement mode is set to harmonic measurement. If the measurement mode is set to normal measurement, set Mode to ON in the Harmonics menu (see section 7.1).

«For a functional description, see section 1.8.»

HOLD

SINGLE

HARMONICS

UP DATE

RATE

FILE

STORE SET

REMOTE

LOCAL MISC

MAX HOLD N UL L

COPYSTORE

SHIFT

DISPLAY

TRIG'D

WAVE

CURSOR

To exit the menu during operation, press ESC.

1. Press DISPLAY to display the Display menu.

2. Press the Format soft key to display the display format selection box.

Displaying Bar Graphs

3. Turn the jog shuttle to select Wave, Bar, Numeric+Bar, Wave+Bar, or

Bar+Trend.

4. Press SELECT to confirm the new display format.

4-12 IM 760101-01E

Explanation

4.3 Displaying Bar Graphs

A display example is shown below. For the procedure in changing the displayed items and contents of bar graphs, see section 7.9. When the vertical axis is set to logarithmic coordinates, the characters <log Scale> appears at the upper left corner of the screen.

Range of orders of the displayed bar graph

Distinction of voltage or current, the element, and the upper limit of the displayed bar graph

Distinction of voltage or current, the element, and the lower limit of the displayed bar graph

Selecting the Display Format

Select the bar graph display format from the following list of choices.

• Bar Only bar graphs are displayed.

• Numeric+Bar The numerical data and bar graph are displayed separately in the top and bottom windows. For details on setting the numerical data display, see section 4.1, chapters 6, 7, and 8.

•Wave+Bar The waveform and bar graph are displayed separately in the top and bottom windows. For details on setting the waveform display, see section 4.2 and chapter

•Bar+Trend The bar graph and trend are displayed separately in the top and bottom windows. For details on setting the trend display, see section 4.5 and chapter 10.

Screen Display Format

IM 760101-01E

4-13

4.4 Displaying Vectors

ESC

Keys

INPUT

RANGE

SCALING

MOTOR SET

FILTER

AVG

INTEGRATOR

START STOP SYNC SRC

INTEG SET RESET

Procedure

Check that the measurement mode is set to harmonic measurement. If the measurement mode is set to normal measurement, set Mode to ON in the Harmonics menu (see section 7.1).

WIRING

MEASURE

CAL

«For a functional description, see section 1.8.»

HOLD

SINGLE

HARMONICS

UP DATE

RATE

FILE

STORE SET

REMOTE

LOCAL MISC

MAX HOLD N UL L

COPYSTORE

SHIFT

DISPLAY

TRIG'D

WAVE

CURSOR

To exit the menu during operation, press ESC.

Explanation

1. Press DISPLAY to display the Display menu.

2. Press the Format soft key to display the display format selection box.

Displaying Vectors

3. Turn the jog shuttle to select Vector.

4. Press SELECT to confirm the new display format.

The phase and size (rms value) relationship between the fundamental waves U(1) and I(1) of each element specified for harmonic measurement (see section 7.3) can be displayed using vectors. The positive vertical axis is set to 0 (angle 0), and the vector of each input signal is displayed.

For examples of vector displays and the procedure in changing the displayed items and contents, see section 7.10.

4-14 IM 760101-01E

4.5 Displaying Trends

ESC

Keys

INPUT

RANGE

SCALING

MOTOR SET

FILTER

AVG

INTEGRATOR

START STOP SYNC SRC

INTEG SET RESET

Procedure

The retrieval of trend display data must be turned ON to display trends. For the procedure, see section 10.1.

WIRING

MEASURE

«For a functional description, see section 1.8.»

DISPLAY

TRIG'D

WAVE

CURSOR

HOLD

SINGLE

HARMONICS

UP DATE

RATE

FILE

STORE SET

REMOTE

LOCAL MISC

MAX HOLD N UL L

COPYSTORE

SHIFT

Screen Display Format

To exit the menu during operation, press ESC.

CAL

1. Press DISPLAY to display the Display menu.

2. Press the Format soft key to display the display format selection box.

Displaying Trends

3. Turn the jog shuttle to select Trend, Numeric+Trend, Wave+Trend, or

Bar+Trend.

4. Press SELECT to confirm the new display format.

IM 760101-01E

4-15

4.5 Displaying Trends

Explanation

A display example is shown below. For the procedure in changing the displayed items and contents of trends, see chapter 10. When the retrieval of waveform display data is OFF (see section 9.1) during normal measurement, the horizontal axis is expressed using time as shown below. During harmonic measurement or when the retrieval of waveform display data is ON, the horizontal axis is expressed using the number of data points on the screen.

The trend value in the held condition (see section 5.8) is the same as the numerical data when HOLD is pressed. When hold is released, the trend that was held is displayed.

Displayed trend target, measurement function, upper limit

Displayed trend target, measurement function, lower limit

Time at the left end of the screen

Number of trend display data

(fixed to 0 s)

points retrieved

• Number of data points displayed in the range from the left to the right end of the screen

• When “P-P” is displayed, trend is displayed using P-P compression (see sections 1.7 and 1.8)

Selecting the Display Format

Select the trend display format from the following list of choices.

• Trend Only trends are displayed.

• Numeric+Trend The numerical data and trend are displayed separately in the top and bottom windows. For details on setting the numerical data display, see section 4.1, chapters 6, 7, and 8.

• Wave+Trend The waveform and trend are displayed separately in the top and bottom windows. For details on setting the waveform display, see section 4.2 and chapter 9.

• Bar+Trend The bar graph and trend are displayed separately in the top and bottom windows. For details on setting the bar graph display, see section 4.3 and section 7.9.

Time at the right end of the screen (time span of the screen)

4-16 IM 760101-01E

4.6 Listing the Setup Parameters

ESC

Keys

INPUT

SCALING

AVG

WIRING

MEASURE

CAL

DISPLAY

HOLD

SINGLE

TRIG'D

HARMONICS

WAVE

CURSOR

To exit the menu during operation, press ESC.

Procedure

RANGE

MOTOR SET

FILTER

INTEGRATOR

START STOP SYNC SRC

INTEG SET RESET

1. Press DISPLAY to display the Display menu.

2. Press the Format soft key to display the display format selection box.

UP DATE

RATE

FILE

STORE SET

REMOTE

LOCAL MISC

MAX HOLD N UL L

COPYSTORE

SHIFT

Screen Display Format

Selecting the List of Setup Parameters

3. Turn the jog shuttle to select Information.

4. Press SELECT to confirm the new display format.

IM 760101-01E

4-17

ESC

4.6 Listing the Setup Parameters

Displaying the Relation Table of Elements and Measurement Ranges

5. Press the Power Element soft key. The relation table of measurement ranges,

Displaying the Relation Table of Trend Targets and Measurement Functions

5. Press the Trend soft key to display the relation table of trend targets and

input filters, transformation ratios, scaling factors, and other parameters are displayed for each element.

measurement functions.

Displaying the Relation Table of D/A Output Channels and Measurement Functions

5. Press the D/A Output soft key to display the relation table of D/A output

channels and measurement functions.

* Displayed only on products with the D/A output (option).

Displaying the Relation Table of Rotating Speeds and the Input Ranges of Torque

5. Press the Motor Element soft key. A relation table of the rotating speed and

the input range, filter, scaling factor, unit, and synchronization source of torque, number of poles, frequency measurement source, and other parameters is displayed.

* Displayed only to products with the motor evaluation function (option).

Explanation

Relation Table of Elements and Measurement Ranges

If the menu is cleared using ESC, a relation table of up to 6 elements is displayed. The following figure shows an example when the crest factor is set to 3.

4-18 IM 760101-01E

4.6 Listing the Setup Parameters

Relation Table of Trend Targets and Measurement Functions

Relation Table of D/A Output Channels and Measurement Functions

Displayed only on products with the D/A output (option).

Screen Display Format

Relation Table of the Rotating Speed of Motor Evaluation Function (Option) and Input Ranges of Torque

Displayed only to products with the motor evaluation function (option).

IM 760101-01E

4-19

YOKOGAWA WT1600 User Manual

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual

Checking the Contents of the Package

Safety Precautions

How to Use This Manual

Contents

Chapter 1 Explanation of Functions

1.1 System Configuration and Block Diagram

1.2 Measurement Function and Measurement Period

1.3 Measurement Conditions

1.4 Numeric Display

1.5 Computation

1.6 Integration

1.7 Waveform Display

1.8 Bar Graphs, Vectors, and Trend Displays

1.9 Saving and Loading Data and Other Functions

Chapter 2 Names and Uses of Parts

2.1 Front Panel, Rear Panel, and Top View

2.2 Operation Keys, Jog Shuttle

Chapter 3 Before Starting Measurements

3.1 Precautions Concerning the Use of the Instrument

3.2 Installing the Instrument

3.3 Wiring Precautions

3.4 For Making Accurate Measurements

3.5 Connecting the Power Supply

3.6 Directly Wiring the Circuit under Measurement

3.7 Using an External Current Sensor to Wire the Circuit under Measurement

3.8 Using an External PT or CT to Wire the Circuit under Measurement

3.9 Wiring a Circuit with Voltage Input Exceeding 600 V

3.10 Turning ON/OFF the Power Switch

3.11 Setting the Date and Time

3.12 Entering Values and Strings

Chapter 4 Screen Display Format

4.1 Displaying the Data (Numerical Data) of Measurement Functions

4.2 Displaying Waveforms

4.3 Displaying Bar Graphs

4.4 Displaying Vectors

4.5 Displaying Trends

4.6 Listing the Setup Parameters