Xerox 550 Service manual

Chapter

General Information

This service manual contains information useful for troubleshooting, repairing, adjusting, and maintaining a Tektronix Phaser includes troubleshooting guides, adjustment procedures, a ﬁeld replaceable units (FRU) list and assembly/disassembly procedures for selected FRUs. To ensure complete understanding of the product, we recommend participation in Phaser 550 service training.

550 Color Printer. This manual

Figure 1-1 The Phaser 550 Color Printer

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Service Manual

1-1

General Information

The Phaser 550 Color Printer

The Phaser 550 Color Printer combines a color laser, continuous-tone print engine with an image processor supporting Adobe’s PostScript Level 2 page description language. The image processor features a bi-directional parallel interface for host communication. Optional network adapter cards to the image processor allow the printer to communicate on networks using LocalTalk, serial, Ethernet or Token Ring protocols. The Ethernet network card supports EtherTalk, Novell and TCP/IP. With the Token Ring network card, the printer supports Token Ring protocols. The network cards are sometimes referred to as “smart cards” because each houses its own processor for executing speciﬁc on-board protocols; only data is transferred from the installed smart card to the printer’s image processor board. The PCL printer language is optionally supported and is activated with a downloadable authorization code.

The Phaser 550 comes standard with 8 Mbytes of RAM which can be supplemented with one or two additional 16- or 32-Mbyte RAM SIMMs; maximum capacity is 72 Mbytes. The printer contains 17 standard, built-in fonts. An additional 22 fonts can be added via an optional snap-in SIMM (which also enables other extended features). The standard Phaser 550 prints at a resolution of 600 x 600 dots-per-inch.

The addition of the extended feature (font) SIMM allows the printer to print at higher resolutions of 600 x 600 (Standard mode), 1200 x 600 (Enhanced mode) and 1200 x 1200 (Premium mode) dots per inch. The extended feature Phaser 550 also supports image pipelining for greater throughput, a print collation mode, and a “check print before proceeding with job” mode.

The Phaser 550 support a 5 page-per-minute, composite-black printing called Fast Color. It also feature Presentation mode printing in which a paper print is printed with the color settings of a transparency print. Presentation mode produces the smoothest and brightest large-area ﬁlls. This mode can only be selected from the front panel. The printer print in monochrome at 14 prints per minute.

The printer also feature a SCSI-compatible interface to connect to an external hard disk drive for additional font storage. An orderable option, the Phaser CopyStation can also be connected to the printer’s SCSI port to give the printer the ability to optically copy color images. The printer requires a minimum of 24 Mbytes of RAM to support the CopyStation.

The printers support printing on A- and A4-sized paper and transparency ﬁlm from an A or A4-size tray. An optional two-tray second feeder (called the Lower Tray Assembly) is available. The printer supports legal-size paper when fed manually or from a Legal-size paper tray. The printer requires at least 12 Mbytes of installed RAM to support Legal-size printing. The printer also supports manual feeding.

1-2

Phaser 550 Color Printer

After being idle for one hour the printer switches into its Energy Star mode where it consumes less than 45 watts of power. It “awakens” upon receiving data at any of its ports. The printer also features a closed-loop image density sensor system that allows it to auto-calibrate its color imaging so printing output remains consistent over the life of the print engine and its consumable supplies.

Print speeds depend on the chosen resolution and selected media. For resolutions of 600 x 600 (standard) and 1200 x 600 (enhanced) dpi, in color, the printer prints at 3.5 pages per minute (ppm) on paper. Monochrome printing is at 14 ppm on paper. Transparency ﬁlm printing is always 1.5 ppm. For 1200 x 1200 (premium) dpi color printing, the printer color prints at 1.75 ppm. Monochrome printing is at 7 ppm. Transparency ﬁlm printing is 1.5 ppm. The printer prints 600 x 600 dpi, composite black (CMY) draft prints at a rate of 5 pages per minute.

RAM and printer capabilities

The printer features 8 Mbytes of base RAM and two SIMM connectors which accept both 16- or 32-Mbytes RAM SIMMs. With more memory the printer gains the capabilities of printing at higher resolutions, printing without having to use image compression (which trades off less installed RAM for longer image processing time) and dual frame buffers for printing one image while processing a second image (which gives greater printing throughput). With additional RAM memory the printer’s capabilities increase as detailed in the following table:

General Information

Table 1-1 Installed RAM and printer capabilities

Print mode 8 Mbytes 34 Mbytes 40 MBytes 56 Mbyte 72 Mbytes

600 x 600 dpi

3.5 ppm

1200 x 600 dpi

3.5 ppm, extended feature option

600 x 1200 dpi

1.75 ppm, extended feature option

1200 x 1200 dpi

1.75 ppm, extended feature option

1 frame buffer with image compression

1 frame buffer with no image compression

2 frame buffers with image compression

1 frame buffer with image compression

2 frame buffers with no image compression

1 frame buffer with no image compression

2 frame buffers with image compression

2 frame buffers with no image compression

1 frame buffer with no image compression

2 frame buffers with image compression

2 frame buffers with no image compression

1 frame buffer with no image compression

Installing a single 4-Mbyte RAM SIMM in the image processor’s SIMM 1 connector (total of 12 Mbytes RAM installed) gives the printer the ability to print full color on legal-size paper.

Service Manual

1-3

General Information

Print engine assemblies

Toner level sensor board

Pre-exposure lamp

Imaging unit

Paper feeder

Black toner cartridge

Yelllow toner cartridge

Magentatoner cartridge

Cyan toner cartridge

Pre-transfer lamp



Ozone filter



Fuser

Laser scanner

Toner cartridge selector/paper exit unit  (right door)

Paper tray

9322-85

Figure 1-2 Print engine major components

The imaging unit may contain a removable pre-transfer corona unit. The pre-transfer corona unit makes the imaging unit backwards compatible with the Phaser 540 Color Laser Printer. Unlike the Phaser 540, the Phaser 550 does not use a pre-transfer corona.

1-4

Phaser 550 Color Printer

Toner cartridge drive unit

Power supply fan

Power supply unit

Engine control board

Fuser fan

Charger sensor board

Cleaning board

Toner  cartridge motor

Ozone fan

Laser motor drive board

General Information

Image processor board

High voltage board

Main motor

Paper feed motor

Engine driver board

Figure 1-3 Print engine components (continued)

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Service Manual

1-5

General Information

Manual feed sensor

Accumulator belt

Toner level sensors (transmitters)

home position sensor

Image density sensor

Scorotron charger sensor

Pre-transfer charger sensor

Toner level sensors (receivers) are mounted inside the toner cartridge driver unit

Front right door opened switch

Aligning sensor

Transparency sensor (transmitter)

Transparency sensor (receiver)

Paper low sensor*

Paper tray type sensors

Power switch

*Unused by image processor

Figure 1-4 Print engine sensor, switch and solenoid locations

The photoconductive belt position sensor is not illustrated. This optical sensor marks the home position of the photoconductive belt. It is mounted inside the customer-replaceable imaging unit.

Transfer waste bin sensor

Transfer roller position sensor

Fuser-installed switch

Left door opened switch

Fuser-exit sensor

Output tray full sensor

Paper-exit sensor

Paper-empty sensor

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1-6

The logic state of the paper low sensor is not monitored nor used by the image processor.

Phaser 550 Color Printer

Front panel

General Information

These front panel features are found on the printer:

■

A two-line, 24-character LCD and two LEDs

Four push buttons

■

LCD

The LCD serves two purposes: displaying current controller and print engine status information and displaying an interactive menu. Status information includes controller status such as

Printing . Print engine status includes messages such as Out of paper , Paper Jam , and Out of toner . The interactive menu can only be entered

while the print engine and controller are idle. The interactive menu allows the user to review and change certain NVRAM, I/O ports and peripheral parameters. Using the front panel to review and change parameters is discussed in Chapter 9, “Checks and Adjustments.”

Buttons

while in the interactive menu. The functions of Buttons 2, 3 and 4 are deﬁned by the particular menu or function being displayed on the LCD display. The bottom row of the LCD labels the current function of each button.

Button 1, the left-most button labeled the Exit key, cancels an operation

Ready , Receiving data and

In addition, pressing the buttons as you turn on the printer enables certain diagnostic modes:

Pressing and holding Button 1, as you turn on the printer, skips

■

power-up diagnostics (except for a brief kernel test) and proceeds to PostScript startup.

■

Pressing and holding Button 2, as you turn on the printer, executes extended diagnostics.

■

Pressing and holding Button 3, as you turn on the printer, executes interactive service tests. These are described in “Printer self-diagnostics” on page 9-6.

The Chapter 9 topic, “Resetting NVRAM” on page 9-31 explains how to use the front panel buttons to reset the printer’s NVRAM to its factory default values.

Service Manual

1-7

General Information

LEDs

The Power LED indicates the printer has +5 VDC available for its logic

control boards.

The

Error LED has three indications:

■

Off indicates that no errors have been detected.

■

indicates a warning to the user. An explanatory message, such as

Low Paper , is displayed on the LCD.

Blinking indicates an error has been detected. An error message, such

■

Paper Jam at Output , is displayed on the LCD. Error codes

as, are listed and explained in the Section 6 topic, “Error messages” on page 6-19.

Power Error

Exit

Button 1

Button 2

Button 3

Button 4

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1-8

Figure 1-5 The front panel and its functions

Phaser 550 Color Printer

Rear panel

General Information

Connectors

The rear panel of the Phaser 550 printer features the host interface connectors to the printer. It includes the following connectors:

Standard parallel (high-density connector).

■

SCSI high-density connector (font hard disk drive or Phaser CopyStation only).

With the addition of a network card, the printer can feature either of these groups of connectors:.

■

ThinNet (10base2) and Twisted Pair (10baseT) Ethernet connectors. This is Option P1 and P2.

■

RS-232 serial and LocalTalk connectors. This is Option P2

Unshielded Twisted Pair (10baseT) and shielded Twisted Pair (DB-9)

■

Token Ring connectors. This is Option P4.

Service Manual

1-9

General Information

The ﬁgure below illustrates the rear panel.

Parallel

SCSI

Smart card slot for network card

Phaser™ Share

Ethernet Card

10Base2

Link

RX

10Base-T

Option P1 P2

Figure 1-6 The Phaser 550 rear panel

LocalTalk/Serial Card

Phaser™ Share

Serial LocalTalk®

Option P3

RS-232 serial

LocalTalk

Token Ring Card

PhaserShare™ 



Option P4

9013-05a

Network card LEDs

The Ethernet network card has two LED indicators:

■

Note

1-10

Phaser 550 Color Printer

TX indicator (yellow); blinks while data is transmitted to the host. The LED is off while no data is being sent.

Twisted Pair (10baseT). RX indicator (green); blinks while the

network card is receiving data. The LED is being received. If the LED is

off steady , then a problem (probably

on steady while no data is

hardware) has occurred at the network hub.

ThinNet (10base2). RX indicator (green); blinks while the network

card is receiving data. The LED is received. If the LED is

on steady , then a problem (probably hardware)

off stead y while no data is being

has occurred at the network hub.

Do not use both Ethernet connectors at the same time. If both are used the 10base2 line is ignored.

Test print button

General Information

The Token Ring network card has two LED indicators:

■

Connection (yellow); off when the printer is not inserted into the Token

blinks while the printer is attempting to insert itself into the

Ring, Token Ring,

Ring Speed (green); off when the card is set for 4 megabits per second

■

(MBPS),

When both LEDs blink, a network card failure has occurred.

■

In the center of the rear cabinet panel is the test print button. Pressing this button while the printer is idle causes the print engine to print a built-in test print. The print consists of a ﬁeld of thin horizontal lines. The print is made independently of the image processor board. Hold in the test button for at least 4 seconds before releasing, or until you hear the print process begin.

when the printer is properly inserted in the ring.

when the card is set for 16 MBPS.

Service Manual

1-11

General Information

Health LED

A health LED indicates the status of the image processor board. The health LED is mounted on the image processor board and is viewable through the grill behind the manual feed tray. (The grill is the removable RAM SIMM options cover.) Once the PostScript code is loaded into memory and the image processor is initialized and running, the image processor blinks the LED at a one-second rate.

Blinking (at a steady rate): The printer is operating normally. The LED

■

blinks irregularly during power-up self-diagnostics.

If a soft error occurs, the image processor board operates, but in a reduced capacity. Soft failures include failure of expansion memory SIMMs or any of the interface ports. When a soft error occurs, the printer automatically prints a startup page listing the error.

■

or Off : A hard error condition has occurred that would keep the

image processor board from operating.

Media tray type sensing

The combinations of the three tray sensors “tell” the print engine what type of paper tray is installed. The tray sensors are located on the left-side interior of the paper tray slot. Sensor actuators are attached to the bottom end of the tray to close the appropriate sensor. There are four tray types:

■

Letter (A-size) paper

Letter (A-size) transparency ﬁlm

■

■ Metric Letter (A4-size) paper

■ Metric Letter (A4-size) transparency ﬁlm

■ Legal-size paper

Table 1-2 Tray switch sensor combinations

Left switch Middle switch Right switch Tray type

Closed Open Open Letter (A-size) paper

1-12

Closed Closed Open Letter (A-size) transparency ﬁlm Open Open Closed Metric Letter (A4-size) paper Closed Open Closed Metric Letter (A4-size) transparency ﬁlm Open Closed Open Legal size paper

Phaser 550 Color Printer

General Information

Sensor actuators

Middle

Left

Right

Tray sensors

Figure 1-7 Tray switch sensors and actuators

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Service Manual

1-13

General Information

Speciﬁcations

Table 1-3 Physical dimensions

Dimensions Speciﬁcation

Height: Width: 48.3 cm (19 in.) With output tray: 69.6 cm (27.4 in.) Depth: 48.3 cm (19.5 in.)

45.7 cm (18 in.) With Lower Tray Assembly: 68.6 cm (27 in.)

Weight: Approximately 53.3 kgs (117 lbs.) with Lower Tray Assembly

and consumables installed. Approximately 39.1 kgs (86.2 lbs.) without Lower Tray Assembly.

Table 1-4 Printer clearances

Clearances Speciﬁcation

Top: 7.6 cm (3 in.) Left: 7.6 cm (3 in.) Right: 10.2 cm (4 in.) for handling the output tray Front: Unlimited for removal of consumable Rear: 15.3 cm (6 in.) for connecting computer cable and pow er cord Bottom: No obstruction under printer that could block its cooling vents. Mounting surface

ﬂatness:

Within 2 degrees of horizontal with all four feet in contact with the table surface.

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Phaser 550 Color Printer

General Information

Table 1-5 Functional specifications

Characteristic Speciﬁcation

Printing process Electro-photographic, four color (CMYK) transfer printing

Color medium Four toner cartridges each contain one of four colors: cyan,

Addressability Standard, Fast Color and Presentation

Printing speed Time from paper-load to paper-eject:

Minimum printing margins

Usable paper A-size (letter) and A4-size (Metric letter) of a good quality

magenta, yellow or black. The toner is a nonmagnetic, monocomponent contact medium.

mode: 600 x 600 dots-per-inch text and graphics Enhanced mode: 1200 x 600 dots-per-inch text and graphics Premium mode: 1200 x 1200 dpi text and graphics

Four-color 3.5 pages per minute at 600 dpi paper: 1.75 pages per minute at 1200 dpi Monochrome: 14 pages per minute at 600 dpi 7 pages per minute at 1200 dpi Four-color transparency: 1.5 pages per minute Fast color, three-color (CMY): 5 pages per minute at 600 dpi Print times do not include image processing time, which can vary depending on image complexity.

All sides, 5 mm (0.2 ins.).

premium laser printer or copier paper. Tray feed paper weight: 75 to 105 g/m

Manual feed paper weight: 60 to 120 g/m Double-sided printing is not supported.

Envelope printing is not supported.

(20 to 28 lb.)

(16 to 32 lb)

Paper tray capacity 250 sheets using 20-lb. paper. 100 sheets of transparency

ﬁlm. The optional Lower Tray Assembly also uses trays with the same capacity.

Service Manual

1-15

General Information

Table 1-6 Electrical specifications

Characteristic Speciﬁcation

Primary line voltages 87 to 128 VAC (115 VAC or 100 VAC nominal); 174 to 260

VAC (220 VAC nominal)

Primary voltage

47 to 63 Hz

frequency range Power consumption 60 watts (fuser off), 850 watts (fuser on) during Ready state,

950 watts during Warm-up, 45 watts during Energy Star state

Primary voltage fusing 110 VAC conﬁguration – 10 amp

220 VAC conﬁguration – 6.3 amp

Secondary DC voltages Image processor:

+ 5 VDC ± 0.25 (1A minimum, 6 A maximum) ± 12 VDC ± 0.6 (100 mA max)

Print engine: + 5V ± 0.25 (2.2 A max) + 12V ± 0.25 (0.4 A max)

- 12V ± 0.25 (0.1 A max) + 24V ± 0.25 (3.0 A max)

RF emissions Both 110 and 220 VAC-conﬁgured instruments pass these

standards: FCC Part 15 Class B VDE Class B EN55022 (CISPR 22) Class B VCCI (CISPR 22) Class B

Table 1-7 Environmental specifications

Characteristic Speciﬁcation

Temperature Operating Non-operating Storage

Humidity Operating Non-operating

Altitude Operating Non-operating

Vibration/shock Operating

Non-Operating (vibration)

Non-operating (shock) Acoustic Noise

(operating)

10o to 32.5o C (50oto 91oF)

to 40o C (32o to 104o F)

-20

to 60o C (-4

to 140o F)

Media should be acclimated 24 hours before using in the printer.

10 to 80% relative humidity, non-condensing 10 to 90% relative humidity, non-condensing

Media should be acclimated 24 hours before using in the printer.

0 to 2500 m (8,000 ft.) at 25 0 to 15000 m (50,000 ft.) (Fuser maximum 4000 m (13,300 ft.)

May drop any side or corner 50 mm (2 in.) without impairment of subsequent operation. On ﬁve mutually perpendicular axes: 0.5 g, 25-minute sweep, 5 to 200 to 5 Hz, 100 to 200 sec./sweep cycle. No resonant frequencies below 50 Hz. 30 g, trapezoidal ﬂared pulse, 20 msec each axis.

Aver age sound le vel (LEQ) is less than 53 dbA. Peak noise in standby mode is 47 dbA.

1-16

Phaser 550 Color Printer

Regulatory speciﬁcations

The printer is a recognized component in conformance with the following regulatory standards:

■ The packaged product meets ASTM D4169-86 and ASTM D4728-87

Transportation Standards.

■ Listed UL 1950 Information Processing and Business Equipment.

■ Certiﬁed CSA C22.2 No. 950 Safety of Information Technology

Equipment, Including electrical Business Equipment.

■ GS licensed IEC 950 (1991) Second Edition; EN60950 Information

Processing and Business Equipment.

■ VDE 0871/6.78 (Class B) Regulation for the Radio Frequency Interface

Suppression of High Frequency Apparatus and Installations.

■ VDE 0875, Regulation for RFI Suppression of Electrical Equipment

and Installations

General Information

■ EN55022 (CISPR 22) Class B

VCCI (CISPR 22) Class B

■ FCC Class B (for 115 VAC equipment) pursuant to Sub-part J

of Part 15.

Service Manual

1-17

Appendix

Test Pattern Generator

The Test Pattern Generator contains PostScript scripts to start test patterns for a number of Tektronix color printers. It allows you to test a printer as if it were receiving a ﬁle from a host computer. The test patterns are generated by the printer's image processor and then printed by the print engine.

Note

The Test Pattern Generator should contain ﬁrmware version 1.2 or higher.

Service Manual

D-1

Test Pattern Generator

To use the Test Pattern Generator, do the following:

Select a test pattern to be printed using the Test Pattern Generator's ﬁve DIP switches. The following tables lists the available test patterns.

Plug the Test Pattern Generator onto the printer's parallel port. Use the parallel cable adapter (013-0299-00) to convert between the Test Pattern Generator’s Centronics-style connector and the printer’s new-style, high-density parallel port connector. You do not have to turn the printer off; you can plug in the Test Pattern Generator “hot.”

Press the Test Pattern Generator's START button. Its green LED ﬂashes as you press the button.

The printer will print the transmitted print ﬁle. The front panel displays the message “Waiting for data,” with the READY light ﬂashing, for ﬁve minutes after a test print has been sent to the printer. However, you do not have to wait ﬁve minutes before sending another test print from the Test Pattern Generator; the printer will accept another test print.

Besides print ﬁles, the test pattern generator also allows you to turn off and on the printer's startup page.

Additionally, the Test Pattern Generator lets you set up a printer for printing from a 4511A Network Interface. To do so, just select the appropriate DIP switch setting.

Table D-1 Test Pattern Generator DIP Switch settings for Phaser 550

Pattern or function 1 2 3

Print quality test pattern On On On On On Blank sheet Off On On On On Engine Pattern 1

(100%) Service print 1 Off Off On On On Blank sheet On On Off On On Engine pattern 2 (50%) Off On Off On On Service print 2 On Off Off On On Enable startup page Off Off Off On On Disable startup page On On On Off On

On Off On On On

D-2

Phaser 550 Color Printer

Appendix

Wiring Diagram

Power  supply fan

Door- open switch

Power switch

Fuser- installed sensor

SCSI

Parallel

Network card

Front panel

J219

J811

J211

J515

CN 853

CN 851

CN 802

CN 804

Image processor

CN 854

Power supply

J511

J921

CN 855

CN 852

CN 805

Laser driver board

CN 1

CN 11

CN 1

CN 5

CN 12

Engine control board

CN502

CN 16

CN 4

CN 9

CN 7

CN 6

CN 13

CN 540

Laser scanner

CN 570

CN 701

High voltage power supply board

CN 627

Image density sensor connector

CN 619

Toner cartridge level sensor (Receiver) and roller clutch board

CN 625

Charger unit sensor board

CN 624

Imaging unit

CN 632

Accumulator belt position sensor

Toner cartridge sub bias board

FTR Orange DEV Yellow STR Black CHG Red GRID Blue

CN 628

BK sensor

CN 620 CN 621

CN622 CN623

CN 626 CN 630

B Y M C

Pre-exposure lamp

CMY sensor

Fuser

Left door closed sensor

Fuser fan

Paper-feed motor

Developer cartridge drive motor

Main motor

Cleaning board

Paper tray switches

CN 618

CN 307

CN 312

CN 304

CN 306

CN 305

CN 313

CN 302 CN 311

CN 2

CN 301

Engine driver board

CN 310

Optional lower tray assembly

CN 14

CN 17

CN 303

CN 309

CN 308

Ozone fan

Toner cartridge level (transmitter) sensor

Pre-transfer lamp

CN 601

Paper feeder

Exit tray full 

CN 617

sensor

CN 611

Exit roller sensor board

Toner cartridge

CN 615

movement sensor

CN 616

Cam motor  board

CN 603

CN 602 CN 606 CN 605

CN 614

CN 612

CN 613

Paper-pick sensor

Aligning sensor

Transfer roller solonoid

Aligning roller clutch

Fuser exit

CN 610

sensor

Switchback solenoid

Face switching solenoid

9322-65

Figure C-1 Wiring diagram

Service Manual

C-1

1 General Information

The Phaser 550 Color Printer 1-2

RAM and printer capabilities 1-3 Print engine assemblies 1-4 Front panel 1-7 Rear panel 1-9

Network card LEDs 1-10

Test print button 1-11

Health LED 1-12

Media tray type sensing 1-12 Specifications 1-14

Regulatory specifications 1-17

2 Installing the Printer and Drivers

Pre-install questions for customers 2-2 Unpacking 2-5

Printer inventory 2-5

Accessory box 2-5 Setting up the printer 2-7

Installing SIMM memory 2-7

Installing a font SIMM 2-7

Installing a network card 2-7 Cabling the printer 2-8

Connecting the printer to a Macintosh 2-8

LocalTalk connection to a Macintosh 2-8 Ethernet connection to a Macintosh 2-8

Connecting the printer to a PC 2-9

Direct connection to a PC 2-9 Networked connection using the Ethernet port 2-9 Networked connection using the Token ring port 2-9

Connecting the printer to a workstation 2-10

Direct connection to the workstation 2-10 Networked connection to a workstation 2-10

Networked connection using the Token Ring port 2-10 Connecting an optional SCSI hard disk drive to the printer 2-11 Connecting the optional CopyStation to the printer 2-12

Turning on the printer 2-13

The startup page 2-13 The configuration page 2-14

Service Manual

Driver and communication set up 2-21

Loading the LaserWriter PPD file 2-21 Installing a printer driver for Microsoft Windows 95 2-22 Installing the Tektronix driver for Windows 3.1 2-24

If you have other Tektronix printer drivers already installed 2-24

Configuring the Tektronix Windows printer driver 2-25 Updating the standard Microsoft Windows PostScript driver 2-27 Installing the printer driver for OS/2 Version 2 2-28 Setting the printer’s IP address using the front panel 2-30 Configuring the printer's serial port for a PC 2-31 Using printcap to configure a workstation for the printer's serial port 2-33 Configuring a Novell NetWare server for the printer 2-34 Configuring TCP/IP on a UNIX host 2-35

3 Verifying the Printer and Host Connections

Macintosh verification 3-1

Selecting the printer via the Chooser 3-1

Printing the directory from a Macintosh 3-3 Verifying that an application communicates to the printer 3-4 Using the Error Handler utility 3-4

PC verification 3-5

DOS connection verification 3-5 Windows 95 driver verification 3-5 Windows 3.1 driver verification 3-6 OS/2 connection verification 3-6 Novell NetWare verification 3-7

Send a print file to the printer 3-7 Using the Error Handler utility 3-8

Workstation verification 3-9

Verifying connection and printing using TCP/IP protocols 3-9 Using the Error Handler utility 3-10

Phaser 550 Color Printer

4 Key Operator Training

Overview 4-1 Printer controls and indicators 4-2 Loading media 4-3 Customer-replaceable consumables 4-4

Imaging unit 4-4 Toner cartridges 4-4 Transfer roller 4-4

Fuser 4-4 Clearing paper jams 4-5 Cleaning 4-5 Warranty information 4-6 Service support 4-6 Supplies ordering 4-7 If you need help 4-7

Using the automated fax systems 4-7

Tektronix Color Printer Information Server 4-10

Customer Support Hotline 4-10

Service support 4-11

Electronic bulletin board service 4-11

5 Theory of Operation

Overview 5-1 Functional block diagram 5-2 Laser imaging 5-4

Overview 5-4

Pre-exposure 5-6

Electrostatic charging 5-7

Laser exposure 5-8

The laser scanner 5-9

Toner pickup (development) 5-10

Toner transfer to the accumulator belt 5-11

Paper picking 5-12

Toner transfer to paper 5-13

Fusing and exiting 5-14

Print modes 5-15

Printer color correction 5-16 Power supply 5-17 Image processor 5-18

Image rendering technology 5-18

Service Manual

vii

6 Troubleshooting

System power-up sequence 6-1 Print engine troubleshooting 6-2

Testing the print engine 6-2 Verifying printer operation by using its self-test print 6-3 Verifying power supply operation 6-3

Measuring power supply voltages 6-3 Inspecting the power supply fuses 6-5 Safety interlocks 6-5

Testing for a shorted motor 6-6 Testing motor resistances 6-7 Media jams and the paper path 6-8 Media-based problems 6-8

Media problems 6-8

Multiple-sheet pick 6-8

The printer is not distinguishing between paper and transparency film 6-9

The media skews passing through the paper path 6-9

Paper tray indicates empty when it is not 6-10

No paper feeder installed 6-10

No imaging unit installed 6-10 Jams 6-11

Paper mis-picks at the paper tray 6-11

Paper jams midway in the paper feeder 6-11

Paper jams at the second bias transfer roller 6-12

Fuser jams 6-13

Eject jams 6-13

Manual feed jams 6-14 Other problems 6-15

The printer continuously displays “Initializing” 6-15

Transfer roller waste tray indicates not full when it is 6-15

No toner cartridge installed when it is 6-16

No fuser installed when it is 6-16

Front door open when it is closed 6-16

Left-side door open when it is not 6-16

High temperature error 6-17

Low temperature error 6-17

High voltage error 6-17

Thermistor open error 6-18

Power supply fan does not run 6-18

Front Panel Cycling between READY and WARMING UP 6-18

viii

Phaser 550 Color Printer

Error messages 6-19 Print engine error codes 6-19 Printing and print quality problems 6-24

Blank print 6-24 All-black print 6-24 Missing primary color 6-25 Light print 6-25 Repeated spots or lines on print in-line with each other 6-26 Dark vertical line in print 6-26 Missing primary color on one side of print 6-26 White horizontal line or band in all the colors of a print 6-27 White vertical lines in the print 6-27 Dirty background 6-27 Mis-transfer, missing portions of toner 6-27 Partial black dots 6-27 Dark, irregular steaks in all colors 6-28 Ghosting 6-28 Unfused or partially fused printing 6-28 Image is skewed on the paper 6-28 Stains on the back of the print 6-29 No printing on edge of print 6-29 Image is not centered on the print when it should be 6-29 The print is wrinkled 6-30

Macintosh printing problems 6-31

Image never prints 6-31 Image prints in black-and-white 6-31 Image is rotated 90 degrees 6-31 Printer isn’t in the Chooser 6-32

PC DOS printing problems 6-32

Image never prints 6-32

Windows printing problems 6-34

Image never prints 6-34 Blue color on the screen is printing too purple 6-34 Windows message “Problem writing device LPT1: Cancel or Retry” 6-34

Workstation printing problems 6-35

Image never prints 6-35

Service Manual

7 Cleaning and Maintenance

Service preventive maintenance procedure 7-1 Recommended tools 7-1 Cleaning 7-2 Lubrication 7-2

8 FRU Disassembly/Assembly

Required tools 8-1 The printer cabinet 8-2

Upper rear cover 8-2 Lower rear cover 8-2 Top cover 8-2 Left door (for paper feeder access) 8-2 Left side cover 8-2

Manual feed tray 8-2 Front door 8-4 Upper and lower front covers 8-4 Bottom front cover 8-4 Front panel board 8-4 Toner level sensor board 8-4 Right side covers (front, rear and lower) 8-5

Paper feeder 8-6 Paper tray sensor board 8-6 Cartridge selector/eject unit (right door) 8-8 Laser scanner 8-9 Laser motor drive board 8-10 Power supply 8-11 Fuser installed switch 8-11

Power supply fuse 8-13

Printer rear assemblies 8-14

Engine control board 8-14 Engine driver board 8-14 Charger sensor board 8-15 Main motor 8-16 Paper feed motor 8-16 Cleaning board 8-16 Toner cartridge drive unit 8-18 Home position sensor assembly and the left door opened switch 8-18

Phaser 550 Color Printer

High-voltage board 8-20 Pre-exposure lamp 8-21 Pre-transfer lamp 8-21 Toner auto-density sensor 8-21 Image processor board 8-23 Installing RAM SIMMs 8-24 Installing an Extended Features SIMM 8-26 Installing a network card 8-28

Enabling TCP/IP with the authorization code 8-29

Replacing the code ROM SIMM 8-30

9 Checks and Adjustments

Required tools 9-1 Front panel menu 9-2 Printing test prints 9-4

Print service test prints 9-4 Printing the configuration page 9-4 Printing the demonstration pages 9-4

Printing the print engine’s test print 9-4 Image processor normal indicators 9-5 Image processor hard and soft error indicators 9-5 Printer self-diagnostics 9-6

Service mode status code meanings 9-11 Resetting NVRAM 9-31 Print engine calibration 9-32 Printer color correction 9-32

Starting printer semi-automatic color correction 9-32

Manually setting color corrections 9-32 Checking print registration 9-34

A Field Replaceable Units List

B Test Prints

C Wiring Diagram

D Test Pattern Generator

Index

Service Manual

Figures

Figure 1-1 Figure 1-2 Figure 1-3 Figure 1-4 Figure 1-5 Figure 1-6 Figure 1-7

Figure 2-1 Figure 2-2 Figure 2-3

Figure 5-1 Figure 5-2 Figure 5-3 Figure 5-4 Figure 5-5 Figure 5-6 Figure 5-7 Figure 5-8 Figure 5-9 Figure 5-10 Figure 5-11 Figure 5-12 Figure 5-13 Figure 5-14

The Phaser 550 Color Printer 1-1 Print engine major components 1-4 Print engine components (continued) 1-5 Print engine sensor, switch and solenoid locations 1-6 The front panel and its functions 1-8 The Phaser 550 rear panel 1-10 Tray switch sensors and actuators 1-13

The Phaser 550 and its packaging 2-6 Connecting a SCSI hard disk drive to the Phaser 550 2-11 Connecting a CopyStation to the Phaser 550 2-12

Block diagram of the printer 5-2 Laser printing process overview 5-5 Pre-exposing the photoconductive belt 5-6 Electrostatic charging of the photoconductive belt 5-7 Laser exposure of the photoconductive belt 5-8 The laser scanner 5-9 Toner pickup 5-10 Toner transfer to the accumulator belt 5-11 Paper picking 5-12 Transferring toner to the paper 5-13 Fusing the toner to the paper 5-14 Print modes and printing dots 5-15 The power supply 5-17 The image processor graphics pipeline 5-19

Figure 6-1 Figure 6-2

xii

Measuring the DC voltages (test points) 6-4 Door safety interlock switches 6-6

Phaser 550 Color Printer

+ 206 hidden pages

Xerox 550 Service manual

General Information

The Phaser 550 Color Printer

RAM and printer capabilities

Print engine assemblies

Front panel

Rear panel

Network card LEDs

Test print button

Health LED

Media tray type sensing

Test Pattern Generator

Wiring Diagram

Contents