Xantrex GT 2.5-DE, GT 3.8-DE, GT 2.8-SP, GT 3.8-SP, GT 5.0-SP Owner Manual

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Xantrex Grid Tie Solar Inverter

GT 2.5-DE GT 3.8-DE GT 2.8-SP GT 3.8-SP GT 5.0-SP

Owner’s Manual

Xantrex Grid Tie Solar Inverter

Owner’s Manual

About Xantrex

Xantrex Technology Inc. is a world-leading supplier of advanced power electronics and controls with products ranging from small mobile units to utility-scale systems for wind, solar, batteries, fuel cells, microturbines, and backup power applications in both grid-connected and stand-alone systems. Xantrex products include inverters, battery chargers, programmable power supplies, and variable speed drives that convert, supply, control, clean, and distribute electrical power.

Trademarks

Xantrex Grid Tie Solar Inverter is a trademark of Xantrex International. Xantrex and Xanbus are registered trademarks of Xantrex International.

Other trademarks, registered trademarks, and product names are the property of their respective owners and are used herein for identification purposes only.

Notice of Copyright

Disclaimer

UNLESS SPECIFICALLY AGREED TO IN WRITING, XANTREX TECHNOLOGY INC. (“XANTREX”) (a) MAKES NO WARRANTY AS TO THE ACCURACY, SUFFICIENCY OR SUITABILITY OF ANY

TECHNICAL OR OTHER INFORMATION PROVIDED IN ITS MANUALS OR OTHER DOCUMENTATION. (b) ASSUMES NO RESPONSIBILITY OR LIABILITY FOR LOSS OR DAMAGE, WHETHER DIRECT,

INDIRECT, CONSEQUENTIAL OR INCIDENTAL, WHICH MIGHT ARISE OUT OF THE USE OF SUCH INFORMATION. THE USE OF ANY SUCH INFORMATION WILL BE ENTIRELY AT THE USER’S RISK.

Date and Revision

September 2007 Revision C

Part Number

975-0253-01-01

Product Numbers

864-0105 (GT2.8-SP-QC-230), 864-0104 (GT3.8-SP-QC-230), 864-1029 (GT5.0-SP-QC-230), 864-0106 (GT2.5DE-QC-230), 864-0103 (GT3.8-DE-QC-230)

Contact Information

Telephone: +34 93 470 5330 Fax: +34 93 473 6093 Email: support.europe@xantrex.com Web: www.xantrex.com

About This Manual

The purpose of this Owner’s Manual is to provide expl anations and procedures for installing, operating, maintaining, and troubleshooting the Xantrex Grid T ie Solar Inverter™.

Scope

The manual provides safety guidelin es, detailed planning and setup informatio n. It provides procedures for installing the inverter and information about operating and troubleshooting the unit. It does not provide details about particular brands of photovoltaic (PV) panels. You need to consult individual PV manufacturers for this information.

Audience

The manual is intended for anyone who needs to install and operate the GT Inverter. Installers should be fully educated on the hazards of installing electrical equipment. Certified electricians or technicians are recommended.

Organization

This manual is organized into 6 chapters and an appendix. Chapter 1, “Introduction”, contains information about the features and functions

of the Xantrex Grid Tie Solar Inverter. Chapter 2, “Installation”, provides information about planning for and installing

the GT Inverter. It contains information to help you plan wire routes, ensure your PV array provides necessary power, and find a suitable location for installation.

Chapter 3, “Wiring the Inverter”, provides procedures for making DC and AC wiring connections for single and multiple inverter installations. This chapter also includes information about communications wiring and using GT-V iew monitoring software.

Chapter 4, “Starting the Inverter”, contains information on starting up the Xantrex Grid Tie Solar Inverter and performing a functional test.

Chapter 5, “Monitoring the Inverter”, contains information for understanding the LCD screens and the LED indicators.

Chapter 6, “Maintenance and Troubleshooting”, contains information about how to provide general maintenance for the Xantrex Grid Tie Solar Inverter. It also provides information about troubleshooting the unit.

Appendix A, “Specifications”, contains information about the electrical and environmental specifications of the Xantrex Grid Tie Solar Inverter.

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About This Manual

Conventions Used

The following conventions are used in this guide.

WARNING

Warnings identify conditions that could resul t in perso nal injury or loss of life.

CAUTION

Cautions identify conditions or practices that could result in damage to the unit or other equipment.

Important:

serious as a caution or warning.

Abbreviations Used

GT Grid Tie I

LCD Liquid Crystal Display LED Light Emitting Diode MPPT Maximum Power Point Tracking P

MAX

NOM

PC Personal Computer PV Photovoltaic STC Standard Test Condition Vac Volts AC Vdc Volts DC V

These notes describe things that are important for you to know, but not as

Short Circuit Current

Maximum Output Power Nominal Output Power

Voltage at Maximum Power

iv 975-0253-01-01

Open Circuit Voltage PV Array DC Voltage

Symbols Used

About This Manual

 

 



Related Information

Alternating Current (AC) Direct Current (DC)

In this guide: Important information, warnings, or cautions. On the product: Important information, warnings or cautions with furth e r explanation in the product guide.

Caution, risk of electric shock.

Hot surface—risk of burns.

FOR AUTHORIZED SERVICE PERSONNEL: Before opening cover, disconnect DC and AC power and wait 30 minutes to allow internal voltages to reach safe levels. NOTE: there are no user-serviceable parts inside.

Refer to the operating instructions.

You can find more information about Xantrex Technology Inc. as well as its products and services at www.xantrex.com

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Important Safety Instructions

SAVE THESE INSTRUCTIONS—This manual contains important instructions that shall be followed during the installation and maintenance of the Xantrex Grid Tie Solar Inverter.

1. Before installing and using the GT Inverter, read all instructions and cautionary markings on the inverter and in all appropriate sections of this guide.

2. To reduce risk of fire hazard, do not cover or obstruct the heat sink.

3. Observe the clearance recommendations as described on page 2–12. Do not install the G T In verter in a zero-clearance or non-ventilated compartment. Overheating may result.

4. Use only accessories recommended or sold by the manufacturer. Doing otherwise may result in a risk of fire, electric shock, or injury to persons.

5. To avoid a risk of fire and electric shock, make sure that existing wiring is in good condition and that wire is not undersized. Do not operate the GT Inverter with damaged or substandard wiring.

6. Do not operate the G T Inverter if it has received a sharp blow, been dropped, or otherwise damaged in any way. If the GT Inverter is damaged, see the Warranty section.

7. Do not disassemble the G T Inverter. It contains no user -serviceable parts. See Warranty for instructions on obtaining service. Attempting to service the GT Inverter yourself may result in a risk of electrical shock or fire and will void the factory warranty.

8. To reduce the risk of electrical shock, disconnect both AC and DC power from the GT Inverter before attempting any maintenance or cleaning or working on any circuits connected to the inverter. Turning off controls will not reduce this risk. Internal capacitors remain charged for up to 30 minutes after disconnecting all sources of power.

9. The GT Inverter must be provided with an equipment-grounding conductor connected to the AC ground.

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Safety

Regulatory Compliance

The GT Inverter is CE Marked for the following Directives and standards:

• Low Voltage Directive 73/23/EEC, per EN50178 “Electronic Equipment for Use in Power Installations”.

• EMC Directive 204/108/EC, per:

• EN61000-6-3 “Emission Standard for Residential, Commercial, and Light-Industrial

Environments”

• EN61000-6-1 “Immunity for Residential, Commercial, and Light-Industrial Environments”

• EN61000-3-2 “Limits for Harmonic Current Emissions”

• EN61000-3-3 “Limitations of Voltage Fluctuations and Flicker”.

The GT Inverter is designed for utility interactive operation. It has complete on-board over-current, overtemperature and anti-islanding protection. It monitors voltage and frequency of the utility grid and automatically stops supplying power whenever conditions on the utility grid deviate from standard levels (see Specifications).

The GT Inverter is equipped with a high frequency transformer that assures galvanic isolation between the DC side and the utility power grid.

German models have an integrated ENS and comply with the VDE 0126 regulations for supplementary grid connection, especially to the “regulation for the supplementary grid feeding with photovoltaic electricity producing facilities to the low voltage power supply grid” issued by the VDEW.

Spanish models comply with Royal Decree 1663/2000 and with section 10 of Annex XI of Royal Decree 661/2007, regarding the connection of photovoltaic installations to the low tension network.

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Important Safety Instructions

Regulatory Compliance - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - viii

Introduction

About the Xantrex Grid Tie Solar Inverter- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1–2

Standard Features - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1–3

Installation

Installation Options - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2–2

Single Inverter Installation - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2–2 Multiple Inverter Installations - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2–2

Planning the Installation - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2–2

Inverter Location - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2–4 PV Array Requirements - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2–5 Grounding Requirements - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2–7 Routing the Wires - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2–8

Preparing for the Installation - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2–9

Wiring - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2–9 AC Circuit Breaker Requirements - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2–9 AC and DC Disconnects - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2–9

Mounting the Inverter - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2–10

Overview - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2–10 Tools and Materials Needed - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2–11 Dimensions - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2–11 Installing the Mounting Bracket - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2–12 Mounting the Inverter on the Bracket - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2–16

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -vii

Wiring the Inverter

Connecting the DC Wiring - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3–2

Equipment Needed - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3–3 DC Fuses (GT5.0-SP Model Only) - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3–3

Connecting the PV Array - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3–4 Connecting Multiple Inverters - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3–6 Connecting the AC Wiring - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3–7

Making AC Connections for GT2.5-DE, GT3.8-DE, GT2.8-SP, GT3.8-SP Models - - - - - - - 3–7

Making AC Connections for GT5.0-SP Model - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3–9 Communications Wiring for Multiple Inverters - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3–10

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Contents

Xanbus Network Technology - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -3–10 Guidelines for Routing the Network Cables - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -3–12 Connecting Network Cable between Inverters - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -3–13 Communications Wiring for Monitoring a Single Inverter - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -3–14

Starting the Inverter

Commissioning Procedure - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 4–2 Disconnect Test - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 4–3

Monitoring the Inverter

Monitoring the Front Panel Display- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 5–2 Front Panel Display Screens and What They Mean - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 5–3

Startup Mode - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 5–3 Normal Operation Mode - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 5–5 Offline Mode - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 5–7 Fault Mode - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 5–9 Special Screens - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -5–11 Custom Screens - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -5–11

Status Indicator Lights- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -5–12

Maintenance and Troubleshooting

Factors Affecting GT Inverter Performance - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 6–2

PV Array Factors - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 6–2

Other Factors - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 6–3 Performing General Maintenance - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 6–3 Identifying Error/Fault Conditions and Solutions- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 6–4

Specifications

Electrical Specifications - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A–2

Input - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A–2

Output - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A–2

Islanding Protection - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A–2

Adjustable Disconnect Settings (SP models only) - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A–3

Output Power Versus Ambient Temperature - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A–4

Efficiency - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A–5 Environmental Specifications- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A–5

User Display - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A–5 Mechanical Specifications - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - A–5

Warranty and Return Information

- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - WA–1

Index

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- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - IX–1

Figures

Figure 1-1 Basic System Overview - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1–2 Figure 1-2 Main Features of the GT Inverter- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1–3 Figure 2-1 Installation Options Overview- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2–3 Figure 2-2 GT Inverter mounting orientation - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2–5 Figure 2-3 Installation Overview- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2–10 Figure 2-4 GT Inverter Dimensions (GT5.0-SP shown) - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2–11 Figure 2-5 Mounting Bracket and GT Inverter - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2–12 Figure 2-6 Examples of Mounting on a Pole or Rails - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2–14 Figure 2-7 Installing the Mounting Bracket using Plywood Support - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2–15 Figure 2-8 Proper Placement of the Inverter on the Mounting Bracket - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2–16 Figure 3-1 PV Quick Connect Locations - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3–2 Figure 3-2 GT5.0-SP DC Fuse Installation - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3–4 Figure 3-3 DC Connections for a Two-String PV Array - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3–5 Figure 3-4 Improper Multiple Inverter Connections - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3–6 Figure 3-5 AC Connector (Female) - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3–8 Figure 3-6 AC Connector Terminals - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3–8 Figure 3-7 GT5.0-SP AC Wiring Compartment and Terminal Block - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3–9 Figure 3-8 Network Layout (Communication Ports Cover Not Installed)- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3–10 Figure 3-9 Network Terminator - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3–11 Figure 3-10 Location of Xanbus RJ45 Ports - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3–11 Figure 3-11 Network Cable - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3–11 Figure 3-12 Replacing the Communication Ports Cover - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3–13 Figure 5-1 Front Panel LCD Location - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 5–2 Figure 5-2 Location of Status Indicator Lights - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 5–12 Figure A-1 Output Power vs. Ambient Temperature - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -A–4 Figure A-2 Output Power vs. Ambient Temperature (GT5.0-SP) - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -A–4

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xii

Tables

Table 2-1 MPPT Operational Window - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2–6 Table 2-2 MPPT Operational Window (GT5.0-SP)- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2–6 Table 2-3 Inverter Clearance Requirements- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2–12 Table 3-1 Recommended Fuses - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3–3 Table 3-2 Network Components and Part Numbers- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 3–12 Table 5-1 Startup Screens on GT Inverter Front Panel Display - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 5–3 Table 5-2 Startup Screens on GT5.0-SP Front Panel Display - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 5–4 Table 5-3 Normal Operation Default Screen - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 5–5 Table 5-4 Normal Operation Screens for All GT Inverters - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 5–6 Table 5-5 Additional Normal Operation Screens for Each GT Inverter in a Multiple Unit System - 5–7 Table 5-6 Offline Mode Default Display- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 5–7 Table 5-7 Offline Mode Screens for All GT Inverters - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 5–8 Table 5-8 Additional Offline Mode Screens for Each GT Inverter in a Multiple Unit System - - - - 5–8 Table 5-9 Fault Message Screens- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 5–9 Table 5-10 Additional Fault Mode Screens - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 5–10 Table 5-11 Special Message Screens - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 5–11 Table 5-12 Status Indicator LEDs - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 5–12 Table 6-1 Troubleshooting the GT Inverter - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 6–4

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xiv

Introduction

Chapter 1, “Introduction”, contains information about the features and functions of the Xantrex Grid Tie Solar Inverter.

Introduction

About the Xantrex Grid Tie Solar Inverter

The Xantrex Grid Tie Solar Inverter (GT Inverter) is designed to convert solar electric (photovoltaic or PV) power into utility-grade electricity that can be used by the home or sold to the local power company.

Installing the GT Inverter consists of mounting it to the wall and connecting the DC input to a PV array and the AC output to the utility. See Figure 1-1 for a simple diagram of a typical installation.

In order to operate, the GT Inverter must have grid power available and connected. It will not provide backup power if the AC grid fails.

Photovoltaic (PV) Panels— PV Array

Harvested solar energy

DC converted to AC

Grid Tie Sola r In verter

Xantrex GT Inverter

Figure 1-1 Basic System Overview

Main Utility Service Panel

Power routed to Utility Grid

kWh

00000008

230V 50 Hz10(60)A

Utility Meter

Utility Grid

1–2 975-0253-01-01

About the Xantrex Grid Tie Solar Inverter

PV compatibility The G T Invert er is designed to take advantage of solar modules configured as high

voltage PV string arrays—single crystalline, poly crystalline, or thin film—with a 195 to 550 Vdc input voltage Maximum Power Point range (240 to 550 Vdc for the GT5.0-SP model).

Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT)

The GT Inverter uses Xantrex proprietary Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) technology to harvest the maximum amount of energy from the solar array. MPPT learns your array’s specific characteristics, maximizing its output at all times.

High efficiency The high-frequency, solid-state design of the GT Inverter is extremely efficient—

up to 96%.

Expandable Multiple GT Inverters may be networked together for increased net metering

capacity or future system growth.

Communications protocol

The GT Inverter uses the Xanbus communicate with multiple units connected within the system. For more

communications protocol, enabling it to

information, see “Xanbus Network Technology” on page 3–10.

Standard Features

The GT Inverter has the following standard features:

• Sealed inverter (IP54) and external heat sink to protect power electronic components

• Quick-connect AC and DC connections

• Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) to provide easy-to-read system status and daily cumulative energy production information

• Two LED indicator lights to provide status and ground fault indication.

Heat sink

LCD

LED indicator lights

DC quick-connects

Communication ports cover

AC connection

Mounting slots (five)

Figure 1-2

975-0253-01-01 1–3

Main Features of the GT Inverter

1–4

Installation

Chapter 2, “Installation”, provides information about planning for and installing the GT Inverter. It contains information to help you plan wire routes, ensure your PV array provides necessary power, and find a suitable location for installation.

The topics in this chapter are organized as follows:

• “Installation Options” on page 2–2

• “Planning the Installation” on page 2–2

• “Preparing for the Installation” on page 2–9

• “Mounting the Inverter” on page 2–10.

Installation

Installation Options

The GT Inverter may be installed as a single inverter for a single PV array of up to two PV strings (up to three PV strings for the GT5.0-SP model), or in a multiple inverter configuration for multiple PV arrays (see Figure 2-1 for diagrams of both options).

Single Inverter Installation

In this configuration, a single inverter collects the harvested solar energy and routes the power to the main utility service panel and the utility grid.

Multiple Inverter Installations

If multiple inverters are used, each inverter must be wired to an independent PV array . In this configuration, each inverter collects the harvested solar energy from a separate PV array and routes the power to the main utility service panel and the utility grid.

Communications between inverters is optional, but can be enabled by installing communications cabling to the inverter RJ45 ports. See “Connecting Network Cable between Inverters” on page 3–13.

Planning the Installation

The following issues need to be considered when planning for an installation using the GT Inverter. See the specified sections for more information.

• “Inverter Location” on page 2–4

• “PV Array Requirements” on page 2–5

• “Grounding Requirements” on page 2–7

• “Routing the Wires” on page 2–8. Ensure that you have obtained all permits required by local authorities or utilities

before commencing installation.

2–2 975-0253-01-01

Single Inverter Installation

DC converted to AC

Planning the Installation

Surplus power routed to Utility Grid

00000008

kWh

230V 50 Hz10(60)A

Utility Meter

Utility Grid

Harvested solar energy

Photovoltaic (PV) Panels— PV Array

PV Array #2

Photovoltaic Panels— Multiple PV Arrays

Harvested solar energy

GT Inverter #1

PV Array #1

Grid Tie Solar Inverter

GT Inverter

Multiple Inverter Installation

Harvested solar energy

Grid Tie Solar Inver t e r

GT Inverter #2

DC converted to AC

Main Utility Service Panel

DC converted to AC

Main Utility Service Panel

Surplus power routed to Utility Grid

00000008kWh

230V 50 Hz10(60 )A

Utility Meter

Utility Grid

Figure 2-1

Installation Options Overview

975-0253-01-01 2–3

Installation

Inverter Location

WARNING: Burn hazard

Do not install in a location where people can accidentally come into contact with the front of the inverter. High temperatures can be present on the face of the inverter, causing a potential burn hazard.

In extreme conditions, the GT Inverter chassis can reach temperatures that can cause skin burns if accidentally touched. Ensure that the GT Inverter is located away from normal traffic areas.

Inverter failure due to improper installation will void the inverter warranty. Consider the following when determining where to install the inverter.

Fire Safety

Indoor/ Outdoor

Orientation

Temperature

Ground Clearance

Distance

• Do not install anywhere near combustible or flammable materials such as wooden cabinets and furniture, or stored fuels and solvents.

• The GT Inverter can be mounted indoors or outdoors. When installed outdoors, the GT Inverter must be mounted in a vertical orientation.

• In outdoor installations the GT Inverter should be located away from lawn sprinklers and other sources of spray.

• The GT Inverter must be mounted vertically (with DC and AC connectors facing down) on a wall or pole. See Figure 2-2.

• Ensure that the GT Inverter is mounted in a location where the ambient temperature range is -25 to 65 °C.

• At extreme cold temperatures, the front panel LCD may not function normally. At higher temperatures, the unit may derate power. See “Environmental Specifications” on page A–5 and “Output Power vs. Ambient Temperature” on page A–4.

• Outdoors, the GT Inverter requires at least 100 cm of clearance between the bottom of the unit and the ground. This clearance helps prevent water from splashing onto the bottom of the unit.

• Install the GT Inverter at a height at which the LCD is easily readable.

• To minimize copper losses, ensure that wire lengths between the PV array and the GT Inverter and between the inverter and the Main Utility Service Panel are kept to a minimum.

• Maximum distances will depend on wire gauges used and PV array output voltages.

Debris free

2–4 975-0253-01-01

• Excessive debris (such as dust, leaves, and cobwebs) can accumulate on the unit, interfering with wiring connections and ventilation. Do not install in a location where debris can accumulate (such as under a tree).

Planning the Installation

Figure 2-2

GT Inverter mounting orientation

PV Array Requirements

WARNING: Shock hazard

Whenever a PV array is exposed to sunlight, a shock hazard exists at the output wires or exposed terminals. To reduce the risk of shock during installation, cover the array with an opaque (dark) material before making any connections.

General Recommendations

It is important that the PV array is installed correctly to the manufacturer’s specifications and to local code requirements.

Equipment and Installation Recommendations

Important:

small obstructions such as antennas, chimneys, and power lines. As well, be aware of potential obstructions from growing trees and neighboring buildings. A small amount of shade can have a disproportionately high impact on system performance.

The PV array should be free of shade. This requirement includes even

Equipment recommendations

• All electrical equipment should be approved for the voltage and current ratings necessary for the application.

• All wiring should be sized correctly to minimize voltage drop.

• All exposed wires or conduits should be sunlight resistant.

• All required overcurrent protections should be included in the system and accessible for maintenance.

Installation recommendations

• All electrical terminations should be fully tightened, secured, and strain relieved as appropriate.

• All mounting equipment should be installed according to the manufacturer’s specifications.

• All wires, conduit, exposed conductors and electrical boxes should be secured and supported according to code requirements.

975-0253-01-01 2–5

Installation

Voltage and MPPT Requirements

MPPT operational window

The MPPT software maximizes the output energy of solar arrays as long as the operating voltage is within the MPPT operational window. Ensure that the PV array used in the system operates within the MPPT operational window.

Effects of array voltages outside of the MPPT operational window are shown in Table 2-1.

Table 2-1

Voltage Effect of Array Voltage Inverter Mode

< 195 Vdc Operating voltage shifts to 195 Vdc; the array is

195 to 550 Vdc Maximum harvest of solar energy MPPT window 550 to 600 Vdc Reduced harvest of solar energy Power derating > 600 Inverter stops selling surplus energy and shuts

Table 2-2

Voltage Effect of Array Voltage Inverter Mode

< 240 Vdc Operating voltage shifts to 240 Vdc; the array is

240 to 550 Vdc Maximum harvest of solar energy MPPT window 550 to 580 Vdc Reduced harvest of solar energy Power derating > 580 Inverter stops selling surplus energy and shuts

MPPT Operational Window

Low power

not at its maximum power point

Shutdown

down. Higher voltage may damage the inverter.

MPPT Operational Window (GT5.0-SP)

Low power

not at its maximum power point

Shutdown down. Voltage above 600 Vdc may damage the inverter.

Voltage requirements

The maximum power point voltage of a string connected to the GT Inverter should be a minimum of 195 Vdc (240 Vdc for GT5.0-SP). If it is less than 195/240 Vdc, the inverter will continue to operate, but it will regulate the PV voltage to 195/240 V. Because the array will not be operating at its maximum power point, this may result in lower than expected energy harvest.

Maximum PV Power

The solar array should be sized such that its maximum power output does not exceed the limits of the MPPT operational window (195/240 to 550 Vdc). See “Guidelines for Matching PV Array Size to Xantrex Grid Tie Solar Inverter Input”.

The array voltage should never exceed 600 V

(open circuit voltage) under any

thermal condition. Likewise, ensure that the I

(short circuit current) rating of the array at any

temperature does not exceed the short circuit current rating of the inverter.

2–6 975-0253-01-01

Planning the Installation

Guidelines for Matching PV Array Size to Xantrex Grid Tie Solar Inverter Input

For determining the number of panels required in the PV string (panels connected in series), you must ensure that the following three requirements are met:

1. To avoid damage to the inverter, ensure that the PV array output will never exceed 600 Vdc under any conditions.

2. Do not exceed the maximum array short circuit-current rating marked on the inverter.

3. To achieve maximum energy harvest from your array, ensure that the V (voltage at maximum power) does not drop below 195/240 Vdc or increase

above 550 Vdc under most conditions.

Guidelines to help you meet these requirements:

• Consider the expected V panel manufacturer provides a V 25 °C. Ensure that the V exceed 600 V

. Panel voltage increases in cold temperatures—the panel

manufacturer should be able to provide a coefficient of voltage increase per degree.

• Panel voltage decreases in high temperatures. This will affect the panels’ V

. Again, the manufacturer’s coefficient must be used with the highest

expected temperature to determine the minimum V

Once you know the specifications of your panels, all these factors will help determine the maximum and minimum number of panels that can be used.

of the string under all possible conditions. The

rating per panel, but it is usually rated at

rating at the coldest ambient temperature does not

Visit the

Grounding Requirements

WARNING: Shock hazard

The GT Inverter must be grounded by connection to a grounded permanent wiring system.

AC Grounding

AC grounding is governed by local codes. Consult the local utility for specific grounding requirements.

DC Grounding

The GT Inverter is designed to work with ungrounded PV arrays.

Support

page at

www.xantrex.com

to use an online PV array sizing tool.

975-0253-01-01 2–7

Installation

Lightning Protection

Routing the Wires

Reduce the risk of lightning damage by using a single-point grounding system. In this system, all ground lines terminate at the same point. This point normally is the main utility ground installed by the utility company to provide a ground for the house wiring. This ground usually consists of a copper rod driven 1.5 to 2.5 meters into the earth.

Typical configurations

Determine all wire routes to and from the GT Inverter. Typical routing configurations include:

• AC wiring from the GT Inverter to the main utility service panel

• DC input wiring from the PV array to the GT Inverter All wiring and installation methods should conform to applicable electrical and

building codes. For all installations, local utilities may have additional requirements.

WARNING: Shock hazard

Check for existing electrical or plumbing prior to drilling holes in the walls.

2–8 975-0253-01-01

Preparing for the Installation

Ensure your local utility is consulted for any requirements for connecting to or returning power to the grid. Obtain all permits necessary to complete the installation. Consult your local and national el ectric al codes for more information.

Preparing for the Installation

Important:

DC wiring/cabling and wires/cables.

In this manual “wiring” and “wires” are used in reference to both AC and

Wiring

Wire size and length will be determined by the location of each component and their relative distance to each other. W ire sizes may also be affected by whether or not conduit is used.

Important:

Ensure that wiring is not undersized. Undersized wiring can result in significant power losses and reduction in system efficiency.

Wire size should be based on the maximum power rating of the inverter.

AC Circuit Breaker Requirements

The main utility service panel must dedicate a double pole breaker for each inverter installed. This breaker must be capable of handling the rated maximum output voltage and current of the inverter (see “Electrical Specifications” on page A–2).

AC and DC Disconnects

Depending on the installation, external AC and/or DC disconnects may be required, and they may need to be in a location easily accessible to utility or fire personnel. Consult local codes and authorities for additional information.

WARNING: Shock hazard

Never connect or disconnect the PV modules from the G T Inverter under load (by pulling the PV quick connects before disconnecting the grid). Always disconnect the GT Inverter from the grid first.

975-0253-01-01 2–9

Installation

Mounting the Inverter

Overview

WARNING: Fire, shock and energy hazards

Before installing the GT Inverter, read all instructions and cautionary markings located in this manual, on the PV array, and on the main service panel.

General installation steps

Installing of the GT Inverter includes these main steps:

1. Mounting the GT Inverter (this chapter)

2. Making the DC connections from the PV array to the GT Inverter (“Connecting the DC Wiring” on page 3–2)

3. Making the AC connections from the GT Inverter to the main utility service panel (“Connecting the AC Wiring” on page 3–7)

Figure 2-3 summarizes these steps.

PV Array

kWh

00000008

230V 50 Hz10(60)A

600 Vdc

Open Circuit Maximum

Utility Meter

Line1 Line2 Protective Earth

Utility Grid

Grid Tie S olar Invert er

Xantrex GT Inverter

Figure 2-3

Installation Overview

Main Utility Service Panel

2–10 975-0253-01-01

Mounting the Inverter

This chapter describes the first step: mounting the inverter and installing accessories.

Mounting steps Instructions for mounting the GT Inverter are described in the following sections:

• “Installing the Mounting Bracket” on page 2–12

• “Mounting the Inverter on the Bracket” on page 2–16.

Tools and Materials Needed

• Assorted screwdrivers, drill, etc.

•Level

• Mounting support material, such as plywood or poles

• Wood screws, anchors for screws, depending on mounting surface.

Dimensions

The dimensions of the inverter are shown in Figure 2-4.

137

403

522

552

Flange and

mounting slots

Communication ports cover (attach after mounting and wiring are complete)

All dimensions in mm.

598

Figure 2-4

GT Inverter Dimensions (GT5.0-SP shown)

CAUTION

For the inverter to meet regulatory requirements, the communication ports cover must be installed.

975-0253-01-01 2–11

Installation

Installing the Mounting Bracket

The mounting bracket for the G T Inverter allows the unit to be easily mounted and removed for servicing. It has one hook that matches a corresponding hook on the back side of the inverter.

238 mm

183 mm

Rectangular slots × 8: 8 mm × 30 mm

Mounting flanges

Figure 2-5

Clearance Requirements

For optimal and safe operation, ensure there is adequate clearance around the inverter. The minimum clearance recommendations in Table 2-3 assume a vertical mounting. If clearances are less than these recommendations are used, additional power reduction may occur at high ambient temperatures.

Table 2-3

Location Minimum Clearance

Above 30 cm Below:

•Inverter

• Bracket

In front Sufficient room to allow for easy access to read the display and to prevent

On sides

Mounting slots for securing the inverter

Mounting Bracket and GT Inverter

Inverter Clearance Requirements

Outdoors:

• 100 cm

• 130 cm Indoors: the same clearances are recommended but not required.

accidental contact with hot surface. Units can be mounted side by side with no clearance between them, but

15 cm of clearance around the ou termost two units is recommended. In hot climates, some clearance betw ee n un it s may be needed to prevent thermal derating.

2–12 975-0253-01-01

Surfaces for Mounting

Mounting to concrete surface

Mounting on poles or rails

Mounting to wallboard with support

Mounting to siding using wall studs

Mounting the Inverter

WARNING: Shock hazard

Before drilling holes to mount the GT Inverter, ensure there are no electrical wires or plumbing in this area.

WARNING: Personal injury

The G T Inverter weighs approximately 20 kg. Always use proper lifting techniques during installation to prevent personal injury.

WARNING: Explosion hazard

Do not store combustible or flammable materials anywhere near the inverter.

The GT Inverter weighs approximately 20 kg. The supporting surface must be strong enough to handle 75 kg. If the supporting surface is not strong enough to handle that weight, then supporting material such as a sheet of plywood can be used to enhance the strength of the mounting surface.

The GT Inverter can be mounted to a vertical surface such as wallboard, wood siding, brick, concrete wall or pole assembly.

• If mounting the unit on a concrete surface using anchors with no supporting material, use four screws and anchors, instead of two, to adequately secure the unit and distribute the weight.

• See “Mounting on Poles or Rails” on page 2–14. Ensure the bottom o f the unit is a minimum of 100 cm from the ground if mounted outdoors.

• Installation onto wallboard requires either the use of a supporting material such as plywood or securing the mounting screws to supporting wall studs. Use at least two screws and anchors to secure the unit to the supporting material.

• If mounting to exterior siding using a wall stud for support, the plywood backing will not be needed. Use at least two lag screws to secure the unit to the supporting material. Ensure the screws enter the stud at least 40 mm to adequately support the weight of the unit. After securing the bracket, the screws or bolts and washers should protrude no more than 6 mm from the bracket surface.

Important:

the GT Inverter. It is recommended to use 6 mm diameter fasteners. However, because mounting surfaces can vary, installers must select appropriate hardware for each installation.

Important:

or other high-risk areas.

975-0253-01-01 2–13

Other than the mounting bracket, no mounting hardware is supplied with

Local codes may impose additional mounting requirements in earthquake

Installation

Mounting on Poles or Rails

To mount the unit using poles:

1. Ensure that poles or rails are securely assembled in place. If using horizontal rails, two rails are required: one for the mounting bracket and another for securing the bottom edge of the inverter (see Figure 2-6).

2. Connect the mounting bracket vertically to the pole or rail:

• Be sure to use at least two bolts to secure the bracket to the support.

• Position the lower edge of the bracket a minimum of 130 cm above the

• Position the top edge of the bracket a minimum of 34 cm below any

3. If using a single vertical pole, ensure that the inverter is secure and unable to rotate around the pole.

floor or ground.

ceiling or roof.

Figure 2-6

Mounting bracket

At least 2 bolts to secure bracket to

poles/rails.

130 cm

For securing the bottom of

the inverter

Ground/Floor

Examples of Mounting on a Pole or Rails

34 cm

46 cm

100 cm

2–14 975-0253-01-01

Mounting on Wallboard, Brick or Concrete

To mount the GT Inverter to wallboard, brick, or concrete:

1. Locate the area where the GT Inverter is to be installed.

2. Install backing support material if required.

At least 2 screws

with washers to

secure bracket

to wall.

Mounting the Inverter

34 cm

≥165 mm

Ground/floor

Figure 2-7

130 cm

Ground/floor

Single GT Inverter Multiple GT Inverters

130 cm

Installing the Mounting Bracket using Plywood Support

3. Using a level, place the mounting bracket against the wall surface so that the bottom edge of the bracket is at least 130 cm above the ground. Position the top edge of the bracket a minimum of 34 cm below any ceiling or roof. See Figure 2-7.

4. Mark the location for mounting screws if using a wall stud for support. At least four mounting screws and anchors are needed for concrete installations or wallboard installations where no wall studs are available for support.

5. Remove the bracket and drill the holes using an appropriately sized drill bit. Drill appropriately sized holes for screws or anchors.

6. Secure the bracket to the supporting surface using at least two screws and washers.

975-0253-01-01 2–15

Installation

Mounting the Inverter on the Bracket

Before mounting the inverter, remove the communication ports cover (if it has been attached to the unit). With the cover removed, you can access all the mounting slots along the bottom flange. Ensure the communication ports cover is installed after mounting and wiring are completed.

Mounting a Single Inverter

To mount the inverter on the mounting bracket:

1. Place the GT Inverter’s mounting hook, located on the back of the enclosure, over the bracket and ensure the inverter is seated properly, as shown in Figure 2-8.

2. After the unit is correctly seated on the bracket hook, locate the mounting slots at the bottom of the unit, and mark the location on the wall for securing screws.

3. Remove the inverter and drill pilot holes in the wallboard, brick or concrete for the securing screws.

4. Reinstall the G T Inverter on the bracket and secure the bottom of the unit with appropriate screws or anchors, and tighten.

Slide the mounting hooks on the inverter over the hooks on the mounting bracket.

Flange with mounting slots

130 cm

Ensure the inverter is seated properly on the mounting bracket

100 cm

Figure 2-8

2–16 975-0253-01-01

Proper Placement of the Inverter on the Mounting Bracket

Wiring the Inverter

The topics in this chapter are organized as follows:

• “Connecting the DC Wiring” on page 3–2

• “Connecting the AC Wiring” on page 3–7

• “Connecting Multiple Inverters” on page 3–6

• “Communications Wiring for Multiple Inverters” on page 3–10

Wiring the Inverter

Connecting the DC Wiring

The GT Inverter is equipped with four PV quick connects (two positive, two negative) for connecting up to two PV strings. The GT5.0-SP model has six PV quick connects for connecting up to three PV strings.

GT2.5-DE, GT3.8-DE, GT2.8-SP, GT3.8-SP

Figure 3-1

PV positive (+) Multi-Contact connector

PV Quick Connect Locations

WARNING: Shock hazard

Whenever a PV array is exposed to sunlight, a shock hazard exists at the output wires or exposed terminals. Cover the PV arrays with opaque material before commencing any wiring.

WARNING: Shock hazard

Before wiring the G T Inverter , ensure the main br eaker in the primary utility breaker box is switched OFF . Switch this breaker ON only after al l wiring is completed as instructed in the procedures.

PV negative (–) Multi-Contact connector

GT5.0-SP

PV negative (–) Multi-Contact connector

AC quick connect (see page 3–7)

AC cable gland (see page 3–7)

WARNING: Fire hazard

For G T 5.0-SP models, when three PV strings are connected, ensure that internal DC fuses are installed and that the two positive internal DC wires are relocated from their factory-installed connection points to connection points in line with the DC fuse clips. The third positive DC wire must remain connected in line with the DC fuse clip as it came from the factory. See Figure 3-2. Without proper fusing, a fire hazard can exist if a short-circuit condition occurs in one PV string.

3–2 975-0253-01-01

CAUTION: Equipment damage

Improper wiring may cause permanent damage to the GT Inverter. Take special care to ensure the positive (+) and negative (–) wires from a single array connect to the same inverter.

Equipment Needed

• Conduit for wire runs and appropriate fittings/bushings

• Wire cutters/wire crimpers/wire strippers

• Digital voltmeter

• Frequency counter (optional, for troubleshooting)

• Female and male DC cable connectors to mate with the Multi-Contact connectors PV-ADSP3/GWD (positive) and PV-ADBP3/GWD (negative) on the GT Inverter. You will need two connectors (one female and one male) for each PV string (you can connect up to two PV strings to the GT Inverter).

DC Fuses (GT5.0-SP Model Only)

Connecting the DC Wiring

The GT5.0-SP DC interconnect board has three fuse clips for DC fuses to provide additional overcurrent protection. DC fuses must be installed when connecting a third PV string to the unit. The fuses must be approved (CE marked) 10 × 38 mm fuses rated for 600 Vdc or over, with an ambient temperature rating of 40 °C. You can also derate the fuses for your installation’s ambient temperature at full power.

The maximum total input current is 24 A. The maximum current allowed per string (that is, for any single PV input) for the GT5.0-SP model is 15 A, whether a fuse is used or not. When calculating fuse size, do not exceed the rated maximum input current or the maximum current per string. Using the same fuse value in each string is recommended.

Table 3-1

Manufacturer Model

SIBA 5019906.4, 5019906.6, 5019906.8, 5019906.10, 5019906 .12 Littelfuse KLKD 001., KLKD 01.5, KLKD 002., KLKD 02.5, KLKD 003.,

Ferraz Shawmut DCT5-2, DCT8-2, DCT10-2, DCT12-2, DCT15-2 Bussmann FWC-6A10F, FWC-8A10F, FWC-10A10F, FWC-12A10F

Recommended Fuses

KLKD 03.5, KLKD 004., KLKD 005., KLKD 006., KLKD 007., KLKD 008., KLKD 009., KLKD 010., KLKD 012., KLKD 015.

Install the DC fuses before connecting the PV array. When installing the DC fuses, the two positive PV wires must be relocated from their factory-installed connection points to the connection points in line with the DC fuse clips. See Figure 3-2.

975-0253-01-01 3–3

Wiring the Inverter

When connecting three PV strings, positive wires must be relocated and fuses installed.

The DC interconnect board is inside the GT Inverter wiring compartment. To access the wiring compartment, remove the inverter front panel. It is held in place by four screws—two along the bottom and two on the front of the inverter.

GT5.0-SP DC interconnect board with factory-installed wiring.

Figure 3-2

GT5.0-SP DC Fuse Installation

Connecting the PV Array

The following procedure is illustrated in Figure 3-3. If there will be more than one PV string, label the positive and negative wire pairs appropriately (for example: PV 1, PV 2).

GT5.0-SP models are factory configured to accept two PV strings. To connect a third PV string, relocate the two positive internal DC wires from their factory-installed connection points to connection points in line with the DC fuse clips, and install DC fuses as specified in “DC Fuses (GT5.0-SP Model Only)” on page 3–3. See Figure 3-2.

To wire the PV array to the GT Inverter:

1. If necessary, install DC conduit from the PV string(s) to the GT Inverter.

2. Terminate the wires coming from the PV string(s) with appropriate Multi-Contact connectors.

CAUTION: Equipment damage

Before connecting the PV array to the inverter, check to ensure correct polarity and that the voltage between the positive (+) and negative (–) is below 600 Vdc (U

To check the PV array DC voltage:

1. Uncover the PV arrays and expose them to full sunlight. The sunlight must be intense

enough to produce the required output voltage.

2. Measure the PV array open circuit DC voltage across the DC positive (+) and negative

(–) terminals. This voltage must be less than 600 Vdc. Voltage over 600 Vdc will damage the inverter.

3. Cover the PV arrays with an opaque material again.

GT5.0-SP DC Interconnect Board with positive PV wiring reconfigured for DC fuses.

≤600 Vdc).

3–4 975-0253-01-01

Connecting the DC Wiring

3. Connect the POSITIVE (+) wire from the #1 PV string to a GT Inverter PV positive (+) quick connect.

4. Connect the NEGATIVE (–) wire from the #1 PV string to a GT Inverter PV negative (–) quick connect.

5. If necessary, repeat for the #2 or (for GT5.0-SP) #3 PV string. Double check that the wires are in the proper locations.

If only one PV string connection is used, cover the unused PV quick connects with the seals provided.

WARNING: Shock hazard

Never connect or disconnect the PV modules from the G T Inverter under load (by pulling the PV quick connects before disconnecting the grid). Always disconnect the GT Inverter from the grid first.

PV Array

–

PV String #2

– +

PV String #1

Xantrex GT Inverter

Figure 3-3

Important:

box may be required. The installer must provide this equipment.

DC Connections for a Two-String PV Array

Depending upon installation and local codes, fusing and/or a combiner

975-0253-01-01 3–5

Wiring the Inverter

Connecting Multiple Inverters

For installations with multiple inverters, a separate PV array is required for each GT Inverter unit. The output of each GT Inverter feeds a separate dual-pole circuit breaker in the main utility service panel.

When connecting multiple inverters, complete the wiring and perform the commissioning procedure for each inverter one at a time. For wiring instructions, see “Connecting the DC Wiring” on page 3–2 and “Connecting the AC Wiring” on page 3–7. For the commissioning procedure, see page 4–2.

WARNING: Shock hazard and equipment failure

If inverters “share” more than one PV array, an input current difference of over 1 A between arrays can cause short circuit failure in each inverter. This failure will also generate hazardous voltages around each unit. In multiple inverter installations, it is very important to ensure each inverter is correctly connected to its own PV array(s) and that no wires are crossed. For example, connect PV1 positive (+) and PV1 negative (–) to inverter 1 and PV2 positive (+) and PV2 negative (–) to inverter 2. Do not connect PV1 positive (+) and PV2 negative (–) to inverter 1 and PV2 positive (+) and PV1 negative (–) to inverter 2. See Figure 3-4.

Figure 3-4

– +

PV Array #1

GT Inverter #1

Improper Multiple Inverter Connections

– +

PV Array #2

GT Inverter #2

3–6 975-0253-01-01

Connecting the AC Wiring

WARNING: Shock hazard

AC utility wiring to the GT Inverter unit is performed directly at the main breaker panel. This should be done only by a qualified installer or electrician.

WARNING: Shock hazard

Before wiring the G T Inverter , ensure the main br eaker in the primary utility breaker box is switched OFF . Switch this breaker ON only after all wiring is completed as instructed in the procedures.

The GT Inverter can be connected to a single bi-directional meter, or to dual meters, where one meter indicates power used and the second meter indicates power sold (power supplied back to the utility). Consult the local utility to determine the proper components to install, and obtain any permits required prior to installation.

The GT Inverter must be connected to the utility with three wires—two lines (one high phase and one neutral/low phase) and one protective earth (ground).

Connecting the AC Wiring

Making AC Connections for GT2.5-DE, GT3.8-DE, GT2.8-SP, GT3.8-SP Models

GT Inverter models GT 2.5-DE, GT 3.8-DE, 2.8-SP, 3.8-SP are equipped with a quick connect for making AC connections. To make AC connections using the quick connect, you must first prepare the wiring between your utility panel and the GT Inverter.

You will need:

• Wire strippers

• Small (3 mm or less) slot-head screwdriver

The AC wiring from the utility panel must be terminated with a Binder Female cable connector (Binder Series 693 part number 99-4222-14-04) before being connected to the AC quick connect on the GT Inverter.

To prepare the AC wiring:

1. If necessary, strip 10 mm of insulation on the three wires from the utility panel.

2. Unscrew the female terminal from the casing of the female cable connector. See Figure 3-5.

3. Unscrew the other components of the female cable connector.

4. Run the wires through the pressing screw, pinch ring, seal, and shell of the female cable connector.

5. On the female terminal, connect the protective earth wire to the terminal marked with the  symbol. See Figure 3-6.

975-0253-01-01 3–7

Wiring the Inverter

6. Connect the neutral (grid low, zero conductor) wire to the terminal marked with 1.

7. Connect the other phase L wire to the terminal marked with 2. Terminal 3 is not used.

8. After ensuring all the wires are tightened in their terminals, screw the casing onto the female terminal.

9. Replace the remaining components of the female cable connector, ensuring a tight seal.

10. Tighten the pressing screw.

Pinch ring

AC connector terminals (see Figure 3-6)

Shell

Seal

Female terminal

Notch

Figure 3-5

Phase L wire

Neutral wire

Figure 3-6

Outer ring

AC Connector (Fem ale)

Not used

Protective Earth wire

AC Connector Terminals

Pressing screw

To connect the AC connector to the GT Inverter:

1. Line up the notch on the female AC cable connector with the connector on the GT Inverter.

2. Insert the AC cable connector into the connector on the GT Inverter.

3. Secure the connector by turning the outer ring.

CAUTION

For the inverter to meet regulatory requirements, the communication ports cover must be installed. If no communications wiring is required, install the communication ports cover when all DC and AC connections are complete (see Figure 3-12).

3–8 975-0253-01-01

Making AC Connections for GT5.0-SP Model

AC wiring to the GT5.0-SP model is connected directly to the AC terminal block then secured with the supplied cable gland.

You will need:

• Wire strippers

• Slot-head screwdriver

To connect the AC wiring:

1. If necessary, strip 1 0 mm of insulatio n on the thr ee wires from th e utility panel.

2. Remove the inverter front panel. It is held in place by four screws—two along the bottom and two on the front.

The AC wiring compartment is behind the front panel.

Connecting the AC Wiring

Figure 3-7

3. Loosen, but do not remove, the AC cable gland cap nut.

4. Pass the three wires from the utility panel through the cable gland and into the wiring compartment.

5. Loosen the appropriate terminals and insert the wires into the terminals. a) Connect the protective earth wire to a terminal marked with

b) Connect the neut ral (grid low, zero conductor) wire to a terminal marked

c) Connect the other phase L wire to a terminal marked with ~. Either 230 V/50 Hz line can go to either ~ terminal.

6. Tighten the terminals to a torque of 1.45 to 1.55 Nm.

7. Allowing the wires an appropriate amount of slack within the wiring compartment, tighten the cable gland cap nut to a torque of 4 Nm, creating a tight seal.

8. Re-attach the inverter front panel.

975-0253-01-01 3–9

GT5.0-SP AC Wiring Compartment and Terminal Block

 .

with ~.

Wiring the Inverter

Communications Wiring for Multiple Inverters

Communications wiring between multiple GT Inverters allows information about each inverter and its associated PV array to be communicated between all of the inverters in the system. Information about the entire system can be displayed on any inverter LCD in the system.

For example, in a two-inverter system, if inverter #1 is producing 1500 W and inverter #2 is producing 2000 W, both inverters display a total system power of 3500 W. The cumulative energy produced by both inverters that day is also displayed.

You can still view information for an individual inverter in a system. See “T o view unit-specific screens in a multiple unit system:” on page 5–7.

Without communications wiring, each inverter in a system displays information only for the unit and its associated PV array.

Xanbus Network Technology

GT Inverters are Xanbus-enabled devices. They use Xanbus (a communications protocol developed by Xantrex) to communicate with other GT Inverters. Each GT Inverter is connected by an Ethernet cable, as shown in Figure 3-8.

TerminatorTerminator

Figure 3-8

Ethernet cables

Network Layout (Communication Ports Cover Not Installed)

CAUTION: Equipment damage

Connect only Xanbus-enabled devices.

Although the cabling and connectors used in this network system are the same as Ethernet connectors, this network is not an Ethernet system. Equipment damage may result from attempting to connect Xanbus to different systems.

3–10 975-0253-01-01

Communications Wiring for Multiple Inverters

Network Components

Terminators Network terminators (Figure 3-9) are required at both ends of the network to

ensure the communication signal quality on the network. Network terminators are inserted into a GT Inverter RJ45 (Xanbus) port. The GT Inverter comes with one network terminator pre-installed.

GT Inverter Xanbus ports

Figure 3-9

T wo RJ45 p orts are provided on the GT Inverter for making network connections. See Figure 3-10 for the location of these ports.

Figure 3-10

Network Terminator

RJ11 ports (not used)

Xanbus RJ45 ports

Location of Xanbus RJ45 Ports

RS-232 port (used to connect a PC to use GT-View. See page 3–14.)

Network cables The network uses Category 5 (CAT 5 or CAT 5e) cable, a standard Ethernet cable

available from any computer supply store.

CAUTION: Equipment damage

Do not use crossover cable in a Xanbus system.

Figure 3-11

975-0253-01-01 3–11

Network Cable

Wiring the Inverter

Purchasing Network Components

Consult your system designer to determine what network components will be needed for your specific installation. Table 3-2 provides a partial list of network components and part numbers. Pre-made cables are available in lengths from 0.9 to 22.9 metres.

Call your dealer or visit www.xantrex.com for information on purchasing network components.

Table 3-2

Network Component Part Number

Network termination — Male (2 per pack) 809-0901 Network cable 0.9 m 809-0935 Network cable 1.5 m 809-0936 Network cable 2.0 m 809-0937 Network cable 3.0 m 809-0938 Network cable 4.3 m 809-0939 Network cable 7.6 m 809-0940 Network cable 15.2 m 809-0941 Network cable 22.9 m 809-0942

Network Components and Part Numbers

Guidelines for Routing the Network Cables

WARNING: Shock hazard

Do not route the network cables in the same conduit or panel as the AC and DC power cabling.

To ensure maximum performance of your network, follow these guidelines when routing the network cables. Route the cables before installing Xanbus-enabled devices.

• Route the cables away from sharp edges that might damage the insulation. Avoid sharp bends in the cable—no less than a 100 mm radius.

• Allow for some slack in the cable tension.

• Keep the alignment of wire pairs inside the sheath as straight as possible.

• Allow separation between data and power cables (d ata cables should only cross a power cable at right angles).

• Do not staple the cable with metal cable staples. Use the appropriate hardware fasteners to avoid damage to the cable.

CAUTION: Unpredictable device behavior

Do not connect one end of the network to the other to make a ring or loop.

3–12 975-0253-01-01

Connecting Network Cable between Inverters

This procedure assumes only two inverters are installed. However, there can be up to ten inverters wired in this configuration.

To provide communication between multiple inverters:

1. Remove the communication ports covers from all inverters. See Figure 3-12.

1. Connect the network cable to an empty RJ45 port in Inverter #1.

2. Pass the cable through the cable clamp on the communication ports cover of Inverter #1.

3. Pass the cable between Inverter #1 and Inverter #2, securing the cable appropriately.

4. Pass the cable through the cable clamp on the communication ports cover of Inverter #2.

5. Connect the network cable to an empty RJ45 port in Inverter #2.

6. For more than two inverters, continue connecting cable as described above.

7. If not already installed, insert male network terminators into the empty RJ45 ports in the inverters at the beginning and end of the network.

After connecting network cables and inserting terminators, there should be no empty RJ45 ports in any connected inverter.

8. After completing network cabling, tighten all cable clamps (ensuring there is adequate slack in the cable tension) and replace the communication ports covers on all units. See Figure 3-12.

Communications Wiring for Multiple Inverters

CAUTION

For the inverter to meet regulatory requirements, the communication ports cover must b e installed.

Cable clamp

Figure 3-12

975-0253-01-01 3–13

Replacing the Communication Ports Cover

Wiring the Inverter

Communications Wiring for Monitoring a Single Inverter

You can view GT Inverter operational data on a personal computer using the Xantrex GT Solar Inverter Viewer (“GT-View”), which you can download free of charge at www.xantrex.com.

To use GT-View, you must connect your computer’s serial port to the GT Inverter RS-232 port (see Figure 3-10).

T o connect your computer to the GT Inverter, you must use a serial DB9 “straight through” cable.

The RS-232 connector on the GT is configured as follows:

• Pin 2: transmit

• Pin 3: received

• Pin 5: ground. All other pins are unused.

To connect a single GT Inverter to a personal computer:

1. With DC and AC power disconnected from the inverter, remove the comm port cover.

2. Plug the male end of the serial cable into the GT Inverter RS-232 port.

3. Pass the female end of the serial cable through the cable clamp on the comm port cover.

4. Replace the comm port cover.

5. Plug the female end of the serial cable into your computer’s serial port.

6. Restore DC and AC power to the inverter.

When power is restored to the GT Inverter, you can run GT-View on your computer to monitor the inverter’s operation.

Note: In multiple installations, GT-View monitors only the inverter to which the computer is

connected. However, if the inverters are connected with a Xanbus cable, GT-View will display total system wattage and the accumulated daily energy produced by all inverters. To monitor multiple inverters, you require multiple DB9 cable connections (one per invert er) to your computer.

GT-View displays operational data such as power output in AC watts, lifetime energy produced, and inverter temperature. Data is updated every two seconds (default setting).

3–14 975-0253-01-01

Starting the Inverter

Chapter 4, “Starting the Inverter”, contains information on starting up the Xantrex Grid Tie Solar Inverter and performing a functional test.

The topics in this chapter are organized as follows:

• “Commissioning Procedure” on page 4–2

• “Disconnect Test” on page 4–3.

Starting the Inverter

Commissioning Procedure

To ensure that each GT Inverter is wired correctly, each inverter should be wired individually using the wiring procedures in Chapter 3, and turned on using this commissioning procedure. Once a single inverter has been commissioned, it should be turned off and the wiring and commissioning procedures should be performed for the next inverter. Repeat in this manner until all the inverters in the installation have been connected.

Perform this commissioning procedure step-by-step for each GT Inverter installed. Do not attempt to connect all wires to all inverters and turn on all at the same time.

CAUTION: Equipment damage

Improper wiring may cause permanent damage to the GT Inverter. Take special care to ensure the positive (+) and negative (–) wires from a single array connect to the same GT Inverter.

WARNING: Shock hazard

Hazardous voltages are present from two sources. Use extreme caution during startup procedure. Before applying power to the GT Inverter, ensure all AC and DC wiring is correct.

WARNING: Shock hazard

Ensure the protective earth (ground) wire from the inverter is connected to Earth before applying AC. Failure to do so could result in a shock hazard upon touching the enclosure. Consult the local utility for specific grounding requirements.

To start the GT Inverter:

1. Ensure the AC breaker is off.

2. Ensure the correct multi-contact PV connectors are firmly plugged into the GT Inverter as described in “Connecting the DC Wiring” on page 3–2.

3. (GT 2.5-DE, GT 3.8-DE, GT 2.8-SP, GT 3.8-SP only) Ensure the AC quick connect is firmly inserted into the GT Inverter and that the coupling ring is tight.

4. Uncover the PV array and/or close the main DC disconnect switch, if one is installed.

Ensure the PV array is producing the required output voltage.

5. Connect the utility grid voltage by switching the AC circuit breaker on.

6. Monitor the startup sequence on the front panel LCD. The GT Inverter starts automatically when it receives DC voltage within the

correct range and it is connected to an acceptable grid.

4–2 975-0253-01-01

7. Run the disconnect test.

Disconnect Test

The disconnect test is designed to verify correct operation of the Xantrex Grid Tie Solar Inverter both on initial operation and periodically through its life as required by the utilities. This test ensures that the Xantrex Grid Tie Solar Inverter does not “island” by sending electricity to the utility grid when the local utility has shut off the grid for repairs, or when the utility wiring is damaged.

When operation of the inverter has been verified and the unit is producing power, run the disconnect test as described in this procedure.

To run the disconnect test:

1. Switch off the AC circuit for the inverter.

Disconnect Test

To monitor the startup sequence on the front panel LCD, check the GT Inverter LCD. The startup screens (see Table 5-1 on page 5–3) should appear

for five seconds each, and then the “Reconnecting in sss seconds” special screen (see Table 5-11 on page 5–11) will appear until the protection timer countdown is completed.

This can be accomplished by switching the breaker on the main panel that feeds the inverter(s). The disconnect for the home or business may be used as well.

2. Have someone watch the front panel of the inverter to ensure the green light on the front of the inverter goes out.

The green light goes out when the AC circuit is switched off, disconnecting the inverter from the AC grid. The front panel display will show an AC Fault display, indicating that the AC is out of the operating range.

3. Switch on the AC circuit for the inverter. The inverter will respond by beginning its countdown. The green light will

remain off. A short time after applying AC, the green light will turn on and the inverter will begin to send power to the grid. The display will then return to showing the power being produced and the total kWh produced to date.

4. If you have another GT Inverter to commission, switch off the AC circuit for the inverter you have just commissioned and tested by switching off the breaker on the main panel. You can then run the commissioning procedure and disconnect test on the next inverter.

975-0253-01-01 4–3

4–4

Monitoring the Inverter

Chapter 5, “Monitoring the Inverter”, contains information for understanding the LCD screens and the LED indicators.

The topics in this chapter are organized as follows:

• “Monitoring the Front Panel Display” on page 5–2

• “Front Panel Display Screens and What They Mean” on page 5–3

• “Status Indicator Lights” on page 5–12.

Monitoring the Inverter

Monitoring the Front Panel Display

During startup During startup, the inverter’s front panel liquid crystal display (LCD, see

Figure 5-1) shows the first three screens described in Table 5-1, “Startup Screens on GT Inverter Front Panel Display” on page 5–3.

During waiting period

During operation When the protection timer stops, the GT Inverter begins selling power, indicated

When the inverter is offline or there is fault condition

When the protection timer begins, the inverter displays “Reconnecting in sss seconds” (see Table 5-11, “Special Message Screens” on page 5–11).

by the power output reading in the display (see Table 5-3, “Normal Operation Default Screen” on page 5–5).

When the GT Inverter is offline (at night, for example) or a fault condition has been detected, the LCD shows a message screen to indicate that state. The specific fault condition will be identified. See Table 5-6, “Offline Mode Default Display” on page 5–7 and Table 5-9, “Fault Message Screens” on page 5–9.

Vi ewing more information

Important:

Tap front panel for backlight/status screens.

Figure 5-1

The values in the front panel LCD are not user adjustable.

Front panel LCD

Front Panel LCD Location

Additional screens of information about the performance of the G T Inverter can be displayed by tapping the inverter front panel. This causes the LCD to cycle through a series of information screens in Normal Operation, Offline or Fault modes. These are described in detail in the following section, “Front Panel Display Screens and What They Mean”.

5–2 975-0253-01-01

Front Panel Display Screens and What They Mean

The front panel display shows different message screens during different modes of operation (Startup, Normal, Offline, and Fault). All single units display a basic set of message screens; multiple unit systems display additional screens in Normal Operation and Offline modes.

In addition there are special message screens that may appear in any operational mode. All of these message screens are described in more detail in the following tables.

Startup Mode

During startup, the G T Inverter displays several message screens on its front panel LCD.

GT2.5-DE, GT3.8-DE, GT2.8-SP, and GT3.8-SP

For GT2.5-DE, GT3.8-DE, GT2.8-SP, and GT3.8-SP models, the startup screens appear in the order shown in Table 5-1.

Table 5-1

Power 2500W

Region DE-230V

Flash = 01.01

..ROM = 01.01

Vh=253 Vl=195

Fh=51.0 Fl=48.0

* all numbers in this and following tables are examples only. Your model,

† Not shown in DE models.

Startup Screens on GT Inverter Front Panel Display

Display*

revision numbers, and performance data will vary.

Duration Description

5 seconds Startup message 1: Maximum output power

and Region-nominal output voltage.

5 seconds Startup message 2: Model and revision

numbers for Flash and ROM memory on t he GT Inverter. The ROM revision number applies to the protection processor.

5 seconds Startup message 3: Anti-islanding Utility Grid

trip points.†

Vh: high voltage threshold Vl: low voltage threshold Fh: high frequency threshold Fl: low frequency threshold

The protection timer begins its countdown during startup and the “Reconnecting in sss seconds” screen appears until the timer countdown is complete.

975-0253-01-01 5–3

Monitoring the Inverter

GT5.0-SP model For the GT5.0-SP model, the startup screens appear in the order shown in

Table 5-2.

Table 5-2

Power 5000W

Flash = 03.01

..ROM = 03.00

Clr t < 0.20s

Vph= 0V

Clr t < 0.20s

Startup Screens on GT5.0-SP Front Panel Display

Display Duration Description

SP-230V

Vh= 253V

Vl= 196V

5 seconds Startup message 1: Maximum output power and

Region-nominal output voltage

5 seconds Startup message 2: Model and revision numbers

for Flash and ROM memory on the GT Inverter. The ROM revision number applies to the protection processor.

3 seconds Vh: phase-to-phase (rms) high threshol d voltage

setting, the threshold at which the inverter disconnects itself from the power grid when abnormally high phase-to-phase AC voltage is detected.* Clr t: clear time.†

3 seconds Vl: phase-to-phase (rms) low threshold voltage

setting, the threshold at which the inverter disconnects itself from the power grid when abnormally low phase-to-phase AC voltage is detected. Clr t: clear time.

3 seconds Vph: phase-to-neutral (rms) high threshold

voltage setting. Note: Phase-to-neutral threshold voltages are disabled for European GT Inverter models. This screen always displays “0V”. Clr t: clear time.

Vpl= 0V

Clr t < 0.20s

Fh= 51.0Hz

Clr t < 0.15s

Fl= 48.0Hz

Clr t < 3.10s

5–4 975-0253-01-01

3 seconds Vpl: phase-to-neutral (rms) low threshold voltage

setting. Note: Phase-to-neutral threshold voltages are disabled for European GT Inverter models. This screen always displays “0V”. Clr t: clear time.

3 seconds Fh: frequency high threshold setting, the threshold

at which the inverter disconnects itself from the power grid when abnormally high frequency is detected. Clr t: clear time.

3 seconds Fl: frequency low threshold setti ng, the threshold

at which the inverter disconnects itself from the power grid when abnormally low frequency is detected. Clr t: clear time.

Front Panel Display Screens and What They Mean

Table 5-2

Reconnect Delay

* The voltage and frequency thresholds, clear times and reconnect delay in

Table 5-1 can be adjusted for multi-unit installations producing 30 kW or more (with the permission of the local utility) using GTConfigLite software.

† The clear time is the total time to disconnect the output from the grid. It is the

sum of the debounce time and the hardware delay time. The debounce time is the protection processor waiting time before it declares a fault. This delay is necessary to avoid nuisance trips.

The protection timer begins its countdown during startup and the “Reconnecting in sss seconds” screen appears until the timer countdown is complete.

Normal Operation Mode

The LCD on the GT Inverter is refreshed every two seconds, so all readings are current to within two seconds. There is a default display available at all times, and a series of additional screens that can be displayed by tapping the front panel to change the display.

Normal Operation default display

After the protection timer has completed its countdown and during normal operation, the GT Inverter displays the normal operation message screen shown in Table 5-3.

Startup Screens on GT5.0-SP Front Panel Display

Display Duration Description

3 seconds Setting for the reconnect delay for the protection

185.00s

timer. After a fault clears for the specified clear time, the protection timer starts counting down before the inverter attempts to deliver power to the grid.

Table 5-3

System 2000W

Today 9.875kWh

Normal Operation Default Screen

Display Description

Power being produced by the system now. Cumulative energy produced by the system today.

If there is sufficient energy from the PV array, this screen is displayed continuously while the system is operating normally. In a multiple unit system connected by network cables, the power and cumulative energy values displayed are for the entire system.

During low light conditions when the GT Inverter cannot produce any power, the Normal Operation default screen flashes alternately (every two seconds) with the Insufficient Solar Energy screen (see Table 5-11, “Special Message Screens” on page 5–11).

More screens for all systems

975-0253-01-01 5–5

Besides the default normal operation display, more system information messages can be viewed.

Monitoring the Inverter

To view more Normal Operation information:

• Tap the front panel to advance the display to the next screen. Normal operation screens shown in Table 5-4 are displayed in the order given, as you tap successively on the unit. They are common to all GT Inverter systems, no matter how many units are installed.

If you continue to tap the unit, then the LCD continues to cycle through all of the available normal operation screens. Each screen is displayed for a maximum of 30 seconds. If you do not tap again during that time period, then the LCD backlight turns off and the display reverts to the default system message screen.

Table 5-4

Tap Display*

1st time System 2000W

2nd time System Lifetime

3rd time Time Online

4th time Array Readings

5th time Grid Readings

* In a multiple unit system with network cables properly installed, the system

Normal Operation Screens for All GT Inverters

Description

LCD backlight turns on for better readability

Today 2.500kWh

305kWh

Today hh:mm:ss

350.5V 8.4A

230.6V 50.0Hz

values displayed are for the entire system. For example, in a two-inverter system, if inverter #1 is producing 1500 W and inverter #2 is producing 2000 W, both inverters display a total system power of 3500 W. Time online and array readings are for the local inverter and PV array associated with that inverter.

and default Normal Operation screen is displayed.

Lifetime energy produced by the GT Inverter system.

Length of time inverter has been online today, in hours (hh), minutes (mm) and seconds (ss).

Immediate DC voltage and current readings from the PV array.

Immediate AC voltage and frequency readings from the Grid.

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Front Panel Display Screens and What They Mean

Additional messages for

multiple unit systems only

In addition, to the normal system message screens, additional screens specific to each GT Inverter unit can be displayed when the unit is connected with communications wiring to other GT Inverters. These screens are only available on multiple unit systems.

To view unit-specific screens in a multiple unit system:

1. T ap the front panel to advance the display to the next screen. Continue tapping until the final system message screen (“Grid Readings”, in Table 5-4 above) is displayed.

2. Tap again. Normal operation screens shown in Table 5-5 are displayed in the order given, as you tap successively on the unit.

If you continue to tap the unit, then the LCD will cycle through all of the available normal operation screens. Each message is displayed for up to 30 seconds. If you do not tap again within that time period, then the LCD backlight turns off and the display reverts to the default normal operation screen (Table 5-3).

Table 5-5

Additional Normal Operation Screens for Each GT Inverter in a

Multiple Unit System

Tap Display Description

6th time Unit 1500W

Today 1.250kWh

Power being produced by this unit now. Cumulative energy produced by this unit today.

Offline Mode

Offline default display

Offline messages for all systems

7th time Unit Lifetime

150kWh

Lifetime energy produced by this GT Inverter unit

At night and when no power is being produced by the PV array (offline mode), the GT Inverter displays the screen shown in Table 5-6.

Table 5-6

Offline Mode Default Display

Display Description

Inverter

Offline

Displayed at all times while the system is offline.

Additional message screens can be viewed when the system is offline by tapping the front panel. Each additional tap displays the next screen, in the order shown in Table 5-7.

These message screens are common to all GT Inverter systems, no matter how many units are installed. If you continue to tap the unit, then the LCD will continue to cycle through all of the available offline mode screens.

975-0253-01-01 5–7

Monitoring the Inverter

Additional Offline messages for multiple unit systems

Table 5-7

Tap Display*

1st time Inverter

2nd time System 0W

3rd time System Lifetime

4th time Time Online

* In a multiple unit system with network cables installed, the system values

Offline Mode Screens for All GT Inverters

Description

LCD back light turns on for better readability

Offline

Today 2.50kWh

305kWh

hh:mm:ss

displayed are for the entire system. Time online is for the local inverte r.

and default Offline Mode screen is displayed. Power being produced by the system now.

Cumulative energy produced by the system today.

Lifetime energy produced by the system.

Total time that the system was online today, in hours (hh), minutes (mm) and seconds (ss).

Multiple unit systems in offline mode display all of the message screens shown in Table 5-7, plus the additional screens shown in Table 5-8. These additional screens are displayed following the “Time Online” screen.

These screens are only displayed when multiple GT Inverters are connected by network cables. If you continue to tap the unit, then the LCD continues to cycle through all of the available offline mode screens.

Table 5-8

Additional Offline Mode Screens for Each GT Inverter in a Multiple

Unit System

Tap Display Description

5th time Unit 0W

Today 1.25kWh

6th time Unit Lifetime

150kWh

Power being produced by this unit now. Cumulative energy produced by this unit today.

Lifetime energy produced by this unit.

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Fault Mode

Front Panel Display Screens and What They Mean

When a fault state is detected, the appropriate fault message appears on the front panel display at the next screen refresh (i.e., within 2 seconds). The GT Inverter fault message screens are shown in Table 5-9.

Fault Mode causes

These message screens only appear when there is a fault, and then flash alternately with the Inverter Offline default screen (Table 5-6) until the fault is corrected.

Table 5-9

DC Voltage Fault

AC Voltage Fault

AC Current Fault This message applies to the GT5.0-SP only. The AC output

Frequency Fault

Fault Message Screens

Display Description

The actual DC voltage is over or under the allowable range.

145.5V

280V

0.0Hz

Self-clearing, no action required. The PV array should be configured such that DC voltage falls within the input voltage maximum power point range specified for your model in “Electrical Specifications” on page A–2.*

The actual AC voltage is over or under the allowable range, as specified in “Electrical Specifications” on page A–2. This is a utility fault; it will clear itself when the AC voltage comes within the specified range.†

current is over the allowable limit, which is 0.5 A less than the maximum output fault current. See“Electrical Specifications” on page A–2. The message clears after 15 seconds if the output current falls below the limit.

The actual frequency is over or under the allowable range, as specified in “Output” on page A–2. This is a utility fault; it will clear itself when the frequency comes within the specified range.†

Over Temp Fault

81.4C 178.5F

Ground Fault Reset System

Unit Shutdown

via Remote

Protection uP

Not Responding

* It is normal to receive this fault during low light conditions at dawn or dusk. At

such times, the PV voltage drops below the lower limit of the maximum po wer point range, and the array does not have sufficient energy to power the inverter.

975-0253-01-01 5–9

The unit’s internal temperature is greater than 80° C, the unit will shut down automatically and only restart when the temperature has dropped to less than 70° C.

A grounding fault is detected. The ground fault protection fuse will be blown (North American models only). The system must be shut down completely, the fault corrected, and the fuse replaced.‡ The system can then be restarted. Troubleshooting a grounding fault should be performed by qualified personnel.

The GT Inverter unit has been shut down via a computer connected to the RS-232 port.

The protection processor is not responding.

Monitoring the Inverter

† Grid fault. When this fault is cleared the protection timer will begin its

countdown and you will see the “Reconnecting in sss seconds” and “Inverter Offline” special screens (see Table 5-11) flashing alternately until the countdown is complete.

‡ Applicable to North American models only. European models do not have a

ground fault protection fuse installed.

Additional Fault messages for all systems

Additional message screens can be viewed in fault mode by tapping the front panel. Each additional tap displays the next screen in the order shown in Table 5-10.

Table 5-10

Tap Display*

1st time Current fault message

2nd time System 0W

3rd time System Lifetime

4th time Time Online

5th time Array Readings

6th time Grid Readings

* In a multiple unit system with network cables installed, the system values

Additional Fault Mode Screens

Description

LCD backlight turns on for better readability.

screen (see T able5-9)

Energy being produced by the system now.

Today 2.500kWh

305kWh

Today hh:mm:ss

350.5V 8.4A

230.6V 50.0Hz

displayed are for the entire system. Time online and array readings are for the local inverter and PV array associated with that inverter.

Cumulative energy produced by the system today.

Lifetime energy produced by the GT Inverter system.

Length of time inverter was online today, in hours (hh), minutes (mm) and seconds (ss).

Immediate DC voltage and current readings of power from the PV array.

Immediate AC voltage and frequency readings of power from the Grid.

5–10 975-0253-01-01

Special Screens

Front Panel Display Screens and What They Mean

Special message screens are displayed in specific situations that are not considered fault situations. They can appear in any mode of operation. These screens are described in Table 5-11.

Table 5-11

Reconnecting in

sss seconds

System *3500W

Today 15.56kWh

Unit *1800W

Today 7.82kWh

Insufficient Solar Energy

Special Message Screens

Display Description

Inverter

Offline

Time remaining in seconds (sss) before the GT Inverter reconnects to the Grid. This is a protection timer that runs at startup and after any Grid fault.

GT Inverter switching (or has sw itched) from Normal Operation to Offline mode. This screen may flash alternately with a Fault message screen.

The “*” in these two screens (see Table 5-3 and Table 5-5) indicates that the unit is derating its output power because the inverter heat sink temperature is above 75 °C or 79 °C depending on model.

The asterisk only appears when the power is actually being limited by the inverter.

Indicates the GT Inverter is not producing power due to insufficient solar energy during low light conditions in early morning or late afternoon or when the PV array is in shade. This screen flashes alternately with the Normal Operation default screen.

Custom Screens

Two custom screens are available. The inverter does not display them unless they are configured using using GT-View (see page 3–14). If configured, the custom screens display as the fourth and fifth screens during the startup sequence. They can also be viewed by tapping the unit during normal operation and fault mode.

The first custom screen is intended for the home owner to display information such as the name or location of the PV array associated with the inverter.

The second custom screen is intended for installers, who can configure the screen to display, for example, contact information for service.

975-0253-01-01 5–11

Monitoring the Inverter

Status Indicator Lights

The GT Inverter is equipped with two status indicator lights (LEDs) located below the front panel LCD (Figure 5-2). These LEDs indicate the inverter’s current status (Table 5-12) and assist in troubleshooting the performance of the unit.

Only one indicator light will be lit at any time.

Table 5-12

LED on Means

Green GT Inverter is on (DC voltage and AC voltage are qualified and the

Red Ground fault condition detected.

Status Indicator LEDs

protection timer has finished) and deli v ering energy to the grid. No action required. Turns off when a fault state is detected.

Check for any fault messages on the display (see Table 5-9), and refer also to Table 6-1, “Troubleshooting the GT Inverter” on page 6–4 to resolve the fault condition.

Green LED

Red LED

Figure 5-2

5–12 975-0253-01-01

Location of Status Indicator Lights

Maintenance and

Troubleshooting

WARNING: Electrical shock and fire hazard

Do not disassemble the GT Inverter. It does not contain any user serviceable parts. Attempting to service the unit yourself could result in electrical shock or fire.

The topics in this chapter are organized as follows:

• “Factors Affecting GT Inverter Performance” on page 6–2

• “Performing General Maintenance” on page 6–3

• “Identifying Error/Fault Conditions and Solutions” on page 6–4.

Maintenance and Troubleshooting

Factors Affecting GT Inverter Performance

This section describes several factors that will affect the amount of power that a properly installed and operating GT Inverter can produce.

PV Array Factors

PV array ratings PV arrays are rated at ideal factory conditions, such as specified illumination

(1000 W/m and specified temperature (25 °C), that seldom reflect real-world installations. This is called the STC (Standard Test Condition) rating and is the figure that appears on the PV module nameplate label.

Expected performance

Temperature and reduced output

A properly designed and installed PV system will produce less than its peak STC-rated output. Actual production depends on several unavoidable environmental factors described in this section.

PV array temperature affects the output of the entire system. As the temperature on the array surface heats up, its energy output goes down. Roof-mounted arrays also collect the heat generated by the roof surface (or trapped under the array) and will produce less output than pole-mounted arrays, which allow greater air circulation behind the panels.

Important:

circuits from overheating and possible damage in high heat conditions. For maximum output in hot climates, mount the GT Inverter in a shaded location with goo d air fl ow.

Angle of the sun The angle of the sun in relation to the PV array surface—the array

orientation—can dramatically affect the PV array output. The array ener gy out put will vary depending on the time of day and time of year as the sun’s angle in relation to the array changes. Sunlight output decreases as the sun approaches the horizons, due to the greater atmospheric air mass it must penetrate. This reduces both the light intensity that strikes the array’s surface and spectrum of the light. In general, you can expect only four to six hours of direct sunlight per day.

Partial shade Shading of only a single module of the array will reduce the output of the entire

system. Such shading can be caused by something as simple as the shadow of a utility wire or tree branch on part of the array’s surface. This condition, in effect, acts like a weak battery in a flashlight, reducing the total output, even though the other batteries are good. However, the output loss is not proportionate to shading.

The GT Inverter is designed to maximize its energy production in all of the above situations using its MPPT algorithm.

), spectrum of the light (Air Mass 1.5 standard reference spectrum),

The GT Inverter will reduce its energy output to protect its electronic

6–2 975-0253-01-01

Other Factors

Other factors that contribute to system losses are:

• Dust or dirt on the array

• Fog or smog

• Mismatched PV array modules, with slight inconsistencies in performance from one module to another.

• Inverter efficiency

• Wire losses

For additional information and technical notes concerning PV array performance, please visit our Web site at www.xantrex.com.

Performing General Maintenance

Follow these simple routines to ensure many years of service and optimal performance of your solar energy system.

1. Keep the heat sink clear of dust and debris.

Performing General Maintenance

WARNING: Shock and fire hazard

Do not use a pressure washer to clean the GT Inverter, or use other cleaning methods that could allow water to enter the unit.

2. Clean the PV array with flowing water whenever it is visibly dirty, during a cool time of the day.

3. Periodically inspect the system to make sure that all wiring and supports are securely in place.

4. On a sunny day near noon on March 21 and September 21 of each year, review the output of the system and compare it with the previous year’s reading. Maintain a log of system performance readings so that you can recognize when system performance becomes inconsistent.

975-0253-01-01 6–3

Maintenance and Troubleshooting

Identifying Error/Fault Conditions and Solutions

Most error or fault conditions will be identified by fault message screens on the GT Inverter front panel LCD. These are described in the “Fault Mode” section on page 5–9. Most of these fault conditions are self-correcting and require no user action to remedy.

See “Front Panel Display Screens and What They Mean” on page 5–3 for more information.

Table 6-1 is intended to assist in determining fault conditions that may require user action to remedy.

Table 6-1

Problem Possible Cause Solution

The inverter’s LEDs and display are blank and the inverter does not operate in sufficient sunlight.

The display reads “Inverter Offline” and “AC Voltage Fault.”

The display reads “Inverter Offline” with sufficient sunlight.

The display reads “Inverter Offline” and “DC Voltage Fault” with sufficient sunlight.

Troubleshooting the GT Inverter

Utility service panel AC and DC breakers are switched off.

Utility service panel breakers are switched off.

AC grid voltage is not present or incorrect.

DC breakers are switched off (if installed), or DC fuses are blown (if installed).

DC array voltage is not present.

DC voltage is present but incorrect. Check DC connections at the

Turn on the breakers in the sequence described in “Commissioning Procedure” on page 4–2.

Turn on utility panel breakers.

Check AC connections at the inverter’s terminals. Ensure AC voltage within the range specified in “Output” on page A–2 is present.

Turn on any DC breakers and check any DC fuses.

Check DC connections at the inverter’s positive and negative DC terminals. Check for incorrectly wired PV arrays.

inverter’s positive and negative DC terminals. Check for incorrectly wired PV arrays. Ensure a voltage within the operating voltage range is present at the inverter’s terminals.

Only the inverter RED LED is illuminated and the display reads “Ground Fault.”

6–4 975-0253-01-01

Ground fault condition detected on the PV array.

The PV system should be checked by a qualified electrician and repaired. See Table 5-9 on page 5–9.

Specifications

Appendix A, “Specifications”, contains information about the electrical and environmental specifications of the Xantrex Grid Tie Solar Inverter.

The topics in this appendix are organized as follows:

• “Electrical Specifications” on page A–2

• “Environmental Specifications” on page A–5

• “Mechanical Specifications” on page A–5 All specifications are subject to change without notice.

Specifications

Electrical Specifications

Input

GT 2.5-DE GT 2.8-SP GT 3.8-DE/S P GT 5.0-SP

Input voltage, Maximum Power Point range 195 to 550 Vdc 240–550 Vdc Absolute maximum array open circuit voltage 600 Vdc Maximum input current 14.1 Adc 15.7 Adc 21.3 Adc 24 Adc Maximum array short circuit current 24 Adc Reverse polarity protection Short circuit diode Recommended PV array power*

*These values can change depending on environmental conditions. To ensure maximum power yield for your installation, the PV array size should be reviewed as part of the system design.

2750 W 3070 W 4180 W 5300 W

Output

Germany Spain GT 2.5-DE GT 3.8-DE GT 2.8-SP GT 3.8-SP GT 5.0-SP

Maximum output power 2500 W ac 3 800 W ac 2800 W ac 3800 W ac 5000 W ac Nominal output power 2300 W ac 3 500 W ac 2500 W ac 3300 W ac 5000 W ac Maximum output current 12.5 A 19.0 A 14.5 A 19.0 A 23.0 A Nominal grid voltage 230 Vac Nominal grid frequency 50 Hz Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) <3% Power factor >0.9 Output characteristics Current source

Islanding Protection

Germany Spain

Requirement VDE 0126 RD 1663/2000, and section 10

of Annex XI of RD 661/2007 Type ENS integrated GT integrated Grid voltage 230 Vac +15/-20% 230 Vac +10/-15% Grid frequency 50 +0.2/-3 Hz 50 +1/-2 Hz

A–2 975-0253-01-01

Electrical Specifications

Adjustable Disconnect Settings (SP models only)

Islanding protection is an essential safety feature that ensures no person working on the grid is harmed by a distributed energy source. Default software settings are programmed into each GT Inverter at the factory to ensure it does not island according to relevant safety regulations (VDE 0126, RD 1663/2000, and with section 10 of Annex XI of RD 661/2007).

In some instances it may be desirable to adjust these default settings. For example, the GT Inverter may experience “nuisance trips” (taking the inverter “offline”) if the grid is weak and the voltage falls outside the allowable range specified in the regulations. With permission from the utility, the factory settings may be changed to allow the GT inverter to operate over a wider grid voltage range.

The utility disconnect settings are password protected and should only be changed by qualified service personnel, using the Xantrex G TConfigLite software tool. For more information about installing and using GTConfigLite, see the GTConfigLite User’s Guide, available with the software.

Spain 230V (SP-230) Default Utility Disconnect Settings and Adjustment Ranges

Setting Default Min Max

Phase-to-Phase (rms) High Threshold Voltage 253.00 245.00 260.00 Phase-to-Phase (rms) Reconnect Voltage 253.00 245.00 260.00 Phase-to-Phase (rms) Low Threshold Voltage 196.00 190.00 204.00 Frequency High Threshold (Hz) 51.00 50.00 55.00 Frequency Low Threshold (Hz) 48.00 45.00 50.00 Frequency High Clearing Time (ms) 150 130 10100 Frequency Low Clearing Time (ms) 3100 130 10100 Reconnect Delay (ms) 185000 10000 305000

975-0253-01-01 A–3

Specifications

3000

3500

4000

4500

5000

r (W)

GT5.0-SP Power Derating curve

500

1000

1500

2000

2500

25 30 40 50 60

Output Pow

Temperature (°C)

Output Power Versus Ambient Temperature

Once the heat sink on the inverter reaches a maximum temperature limit, the GT Inverter reduces its energy output to ensure maximum component ratings are not exceeded.

GT2.5-DE, GT3.8-DE, GT2.8-SP, GT3.8-SP Power Derating Curve

4000

3500

3000

2500

(W)

2000

1500

Output Powe

1000

500

Figure A-1

GT3.8

GT2.8

GT2.5

195VDC

315VDC

550VDC

25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60

Temperature (ºC)

Output Power vs. Ambient Temperature

Figure A-2

A–4 975-0253-01-01

Output Power vs . Ambient Temperature (GT5.0-SP)

Efficiency

GT 2.5-DE GT 3.8-DE GT 2.8-SP GT 3.8-SP GT 5.0-SP

Maximum efficiency 95% 95.3% 95% 95.3% 96% Euro efficiency 94% 94.5% 94% 94.5% 95.2% Nighttime tare loss 1 W

Environmental Specifications

Operating temperature range -25 to +65 °C Storage temperature range -40 to +85 °C Power derating See Figure A-1 and Figure A-2. Tolerable relative humidity limit Operating: <95%, non-condensing

User Display

Type alphanumeric liquid crystal with backlight Size 2 lines by 16 characters

Environmental Specifications

Storage: 100% condensing

Display Accuracy

Instantaneous Power +/- (30 W + 1% of reading) Voltage +/- (1% of rating + 1% of reading) Current +/- (1% of rating + 1% of reading) System Lifetime energy +/- 5%

Mechanical Specifications

Outdoor enclosure IP54, Rainproof Inverter dimensions

(H × W × D) Shipping dimensions

(H × W × D) Inverter weight 22.3 kg Shipping weight 27.2 kg Input terminals Multi-contact Quick Connect PV-ADSP3/GWD (male)

Output terminals (2.5-DE,

3.8-DE, 2.8-SP, 3.8-SP only)

597 × 403 × 136 mm

692 × 518 × 262 mm

PV-ADBP3/GWD (female) Binder 693 Series male socket (mates with supplied

female cable connector PG13,5 p/n 99-4222-14-04)

975-0253-01-01 A–5

A–6

Warranty and Return Information

Warranty

What does this warranty cover and how long does it last? This Limited Warranty is provided by Xantrex

T echnology Inc. (“Xantrex”) and covers defects in quality in workmanship and materials (“Defects”) in your Xantrex Grid Tie Solar Inverter. This warranty lasts for a period of five years (the “Warranty Period”) from the date of purchase at point of sale to you, the original end user customer. This Limited Warranty is transferable to subsequent owners but only for the unexpired portion of the Warranty Period.

What will Xantrex do? If there is a Defect, Xantrex will repair or replace the defective product free of charge,

provided that: (a) you have followed the service procedure below and have not been able to get a remedy from your dealer; (b) you notify Xantrex, withou t undu e de lay, of the Defect within the Warranty Period; and (c) Xantrex, through inspection, troubleshooting, or other means establishes the existence of a Defect that it is

covered by this Limited Warranty. Xantrex will, at its option, use new and/or reconditioned parts in performing warranty repair and building

replacement products. Xantrex reserves the right to use parts or products of original or improved design in the repair or replacement. If Xantrex repairs or replaces a product, the warranty is suspended during the repair or replacement and continues for the remaining portion of the original Warranty Period or 90 days from the date of the completed repair activity, whichever is greater. All replaced products and all parts removed from repaired products become the property of Xantrex.

Xantrex covers both parts and labour necessary to repair the product. If the product was sold in Spain, Xantrex will cover costs for products returned directly to Xantrex via a Xantrex-selected non-expedited surface freight and packing.

How do you get service? If you are unable to contact your dealer, or if your dealer is unable to provide service,

contact Xantrex directly at the following numbers: EUROPE:

Telephone: +34 93 470 5330 Fax: +34 93 473 6093 Email: support.europe@xantrex.com

If your dealer is unable to provide service, direct returns may be performed according to the Xantrex Return Material Authorization Policy described in your product manual. For some products, Xantrex maintains a network of regional Authorized Service Centers. Call Xantrex to see if your product can be repaired at one of these facilities.

In any warranty claim, dated proof of purchase must accompany the product and the product must not have been disassembled or modified without prior written authorization by Xantrex.

Proof of purchase may be in any one of the following forms:

• The dated purchase receipt from the original purchase of the product at point of sale to the end user, or

• The dated invoice or purchase receipt showing the product exchanged under warranty

975-0253-01-01 WA–1

Warranty and Return

What does this warranty not cover? This Limited Warranty does not cover normal wear and tear of the

product or costs associated with replacing consumable items such as air filters, fuses, arrestors, etc. A shorter than normal life during the Warranty Period caused by excessive use or incorrect use is not considered a Defect. Please consult your Owner’s Guide to determine the proper use of the product.

This warranty does not apply to and Xantrex will not be responsible for any damage to the product: a) if it has not been used in accordance with the Owner’s Guide supplied with the product, if it has been damaged

during shipping, mishandled, neglected, improperly installed, physically damaged or altered (either internally or externally) or damaged from improper use or use in an unsuitable environment;

b) if it has been subjected to fire, water, generalized corrosion, biological infestations, or input voltage that creates

operating conditions beyond the maximum or minimum limits listed in the Xantrex product specifications

including high input voltage from generators and lightning strikes; c) if repairs have been done to it other than by Xantrex or an Authorized Service Center; d) if it is used as a component part of a product expressly warranted by another manufacturer; and e) if its original identification (trade-mark, serial number) markings have been defaced, altered, or removed.

Exclusions

THIS LIMITED W ARRANTY IS THE SOLE AND EXCLUSIVE WARRANTY PROVIDED BY XANTREX IN CONNECTION WITH YOUR XANTREX PRODUCT AND IS, WHERE PERMITTED BY LAW, IN LIEU OF ALL OTHER WARRANTIES, CONDITIONS, GUARANTEES, REPRESENTATIONS, OBLIGATIONS AND LIABILITIES, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, STATUTORY OR OTHERWISE IN CONNECTION WITH THE PRODUCT, HOWEVER ARISING (WHETHER BY CONTRACT, TORT, NEGLIGENCE, PRINCIPLES OF MANUFACTURER'S LIABILITY, OPERATION OF LAW, CONDUCT, STATEMENT OR OTHERWISE) INCLUDING WITHOUT RESTRICTION ANY IMPLIED WARRANTY OR CONDITION OF QUALITY, MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. ANY IMPLIED WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE TO THE EXTENT REQUIRED UNDER APPLICABLE LAW TO APPLY TO THE PRODUCT SHALL, WHERE PERMITTED BY LAW, BE LIMITED IN DURATION TO THE PERIOD STIPULATED UNDER THIS LIMITED WARRANTY.

IN NO EVENT WILL XANTREX BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPECIAL, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES, LOSSES, COSTS OR EXPENSES HOWEVER ARISING WHETHER IN CONTRACT OR TORT INCLUDING, WITHOUT RESTRICTION, ANY ECONOMIC LOSSES OF ANY KIND, ANY LOSS OR DAMAGE TO PROPERTY, OR ANY DAMAGE OR INJURY ARISING FROM OR AS A RESUL T OF MISUSE OR ABUSE OR THE INCORRECT INST ALLATION, INTEGRATION OR OPERATION OF THE PRODUCT.

Limitations on Exclusions

This Limited Warranty does not affect your rights as prescribed by law and as established in the Law on Warranties for Consumer Goods (Spain) or the German Civil Code (“BGB”). In Germany, the legal provisions regarding suspension or expiration (“Ablaufhemmung”), suspension (“Hemmung”) and recommencement of limitation periods remains unaffected.

Some countries do not allow limitations or exclusions on implied warranties or on the duration of an implied warranty or on the limitation or exclusion of incidental or consequential damages, so the above limitation(s) or exclusion(s) may not apply to you.

For example, in Germany, the Exclusion above shall not apply in the case of mandatory liability, i.e. under the German Product Liability Act (“Produkthaftungsgesetz”) or in the case of intent, gross negligence, and injury of life, body or health, or breach of a condition which goes to the root of the contract (“wesentliche Vertragspflichten”). However, claims for damages arising from a breach of a condition which goes to the root of the contract shall be limited to the foreseeable damage which is intrinsic to the contract, unless caused by intent or gross negligence or based on liability for injury of life, body or health. The Exclusion above in Germany also does not imply a change in the burden of proof to your detriment.

WA–2 975-0253-01-01

Warranty and Return

Exclusion for Documentation

WITHOUT LIMITING THE GENERALITY OF THE FOREGOING, UNLESS SPECIFICALLY AGREED TO BY IT IN WRITING, XANTREX:

(A) MAKES NO WARRANTY AS TO THE ACCURACY, SUFFICIENCY OR SUITABILITY OF ANY TECHNICAL OR OTHER INFORMATION PROVIDED IN MANUALS OR OTHER DOCUMENTATION PROVIDED BY IT IN CONNECTION WITH THE PRODUCT; AND

(B) ASSUMES NO RESPONSIBILITY OR LIABILITY FOR LOSSES, DAMAGES, COSTS OR EXPENSES, WHETHER SPECIAL, DIRECT, INDIRECT, CONSEQUENTIAL OR INCIDENTAL, WHICH MIGHT ARISE OUT OF THE USE OF SUCH INFORMATION.

THE USE OF ANY SUCH INFORMATION WILL BE ENTIRELY AT THE USER'S RISK.

Warning: Limitations On Use

Please refer to your Owner's Guide for limitations on uses of the product. Specifically, please note that the Xantrex Grid Tie Solar Inverter is not intended for use in connection with life support systems or other medical equipment or devices and Xantrex makes no representation or warranty in connection with any use of the product for such purposes.

Xantrex Technology Inc. 8999 Nelson Way Burnaby, British Columbia Canada V5A 4B5

Return Material Authorization Policy

Before returning a product directly to Xantrex you must obtain a Return Material Authorization (RMA) number and the correct factory “Ship To” address. Product shipments will be refused and returned at your expense if they are unauthorized, returned without an RMA number clearly marked on the outside of the shipping box, or if they are shipped to the wrong location.

When you contact Xantrex to obtain service, please have your instruction manual ready for reference and be prepared to supply:

• The serial number of your product

• Information about the installation and use of the unit

• Information about the failure and/or reason for the return

• A copy of your dated proof of purchase

When you ship:

1. Package the unit safely, preferably using the original box and packing materials. Please ensure that your product is shipped fully insured in the original packaging or equivalent. This warranty will not apply where the product is damaged due to improper packaging.

2. Include the following:

• The RMA number supplied by Xantrex Technology, Inc. clearly marked on the outside of the box.

• A return address where the unit can be shipped. Post office boxes are not acceptable.

• A contact telephone number where you can be reached during work hours.

• A brief description of the problem.

3. Ship the unit prepaid to the address provided by your Xantrex customer service representative.

If you are returning a product to a Xantrex Authorized Service Center (ASC) A Xantrex return

material authorization (RMA) number is not required. However, you must contact the ASC prior to returning the product or presenting the unit to verify any return procedures that may apply to that particular facility.

975-0253-01-01 WA–3

Warranty and Return

Information About Your System

As soon as you open your Xantrex Grid Tie Solar Inverter package, record the following information and be sure to keep your proof of purchase.

Model Number Serial Number Purchased From Purchase Date

If you need to contact Customer Service, please record the following details before calling. This information will help our representatives give you better service.

Inverter Details

Type of installation (e.g. Residential/Commercial) Length of time inverter has been installed AC wiring size and length DC wiring size and length Description of fault messages and/or indicators on

front panel

______________________________________________________________________

_________________________________ _________________________________ _________________________________ _________________________________

________________________ ________________________ ________________________ ________________________

________________________

______________________________________________________________________

Description of problem

______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________

WA–4 975-0253-01-01

________________________

Warranty and Return

PV Details

Solar Panel Mount: Roof Pole Ground Solar Panel Brand and Model: Nominal Voltage Range: _____________ Vdc Peak Open Circuit Voltage: _____________ Vdc Nominal Current Rating: _____________ Adc Maximum Current Rating: _____________ Adc Solar Tracker? Yes No String #1:# of Panels: _____________ Series Parallel String #2:# of Panels: _____________ Series Parallel String #3:# of Panels: _____________ Series Parallel String #4:# of Panels: _____________ Series Parallel

975-0253-01-01 WA–5

WA–6

Index

abbreviations and symbols iv AC circuit breaker requirements 2–9 AC grounding requirements 2–7 AC output voltage ratings A–2 AC wiring instructions 3–7 acceptable wire sizes A–5 adjustable disconnect settings A–3

communication between multiple inverters 3–10 communications cabling 3–11

installing for multiple inverters 3–13

Customer Service

preparing to call

WA–4

DC fuse requirements 3–3 DC wiring instructions 3–4 derating chart A–4 dimensions 2–11, A–5 display accuracy A–5

efficiency chart A–5 electrical specifications A–2 error messages and solutions 6–4

fault conditions and solutions 6–4 features and options 1–3 front panel display 1–3, 5–2

fault messages 5–9 normal operation messages 5–5 offline mode messages 5–7 reading messages 5–3 special messages 5–11 startup messages 5–3

fuses 3–3

general maintenance 6–3 ground clearance required for installation 2–4, 2–12

ground fault protection fuse 5–9 grounding requirements 2–7 GT-View 3–14

humidity limits A–5

information about your system form WA–4 installation

grounding requirements location concerns 2–4 mounting 2–13 options 2–2 overview 2–10 planning issues 2–2 preparing for 2–9 PV array requirements 2–5 routing wires 2–8

inverter

features and options installation 2–10 model number WA–4 purchase date WA–4 purpose 1–2 serial number WA–4

2–7

1–3

LEDs, See status LEDs lightning protection

2–8

maintenance, general 6–3 maximum power point tracking, See MPPT mechanical specifications messages, See front panel display model number mounting bracket

installing on backing support 2–15 on poles or rails 2–14

mounting the inverter

clearance requirements on wallboard, siding or concrete 2–15

WA–4

2–12

A–5

2–12

Index

orientation 2–4 overview 2–11 preparation 2–11 single inverter 2–16 surfaces for 2–13 using poles or rails 2–14

MPPT

operational window technology 1–3

multiple inverters

communication between communications wiring 3–13 configuration 2–2 installation 3–6 messages in normal operation 5–7 messages in offline mode 5–8

2–6

3–10

operation

factors affecting performance messages at startup 5–3 startup procedure 4–2

6–2

specifications

electrical

mechanical A–5 standard features and options 1–3 standard test condition 6–2 startup procedure

monitor front panel display

overview 4–2 status LEDs

description

do not illuminate 6–4

red LED is on 6–4

A–2

5–2

5–12

temperature

affecting PV array performance

range for locating Xantrex GT Inverter 2–4 thermal derating chart A–4 troubleshooting the GT Inverter 6–4

6–2

utility disconnect settings 5–5

photovoltaic (PV) power 1–2 power derating A–5 preparing for installation 2–9 proof of purchase WA–4 purchase date WA–4 PV arrays

angle of the sun effect of shade on performance 6–2 factory ratings 6–2 installation recommendations 2–5 matching size to inverter input 2–7 requirements 2–5 temperature affecting performance 6–2 types of modules 2–6 voltage requirements 2–6

6–2

RJ45 ports

communication between inverters

RS-232 port 3–11, 3–14, 5–9

safety instructions vii serial number WA–4 single inverter configuration 2–2

3–11

warranty

terms and conditions weight A–5 wire stripping length, recommended 2–9 wiring

acceptable wire sizes

information 2–9

preparation for 2–9

PV array to Xantrex GT Inverter 3–4

routing wires 2–8

WA–1

A–5

Xanbus technology 3–10 Xantrex web site v

IX–2 975-0253-01-01

Xantrex Technology Inc.

+34 93 470 5330 Telephone +34 93 473 6093 Fax support.europe@xantrex.com www.xantrex.com

975-0253-01-01

Printed in China

Xantrex GT 2.5-DE, GT 3.8-DE, GT 2.8-SP, GT 3.8-SP, GT 5.0-SP Owner Manual

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual

About This Manual

Scope

Audience

Organization

Conventions Used

Abbreviations Used

Symbols Used

Related Information

Important Safety Instructions

Regulatory Compliance

Contents

Figures

Tables

Introduction

About the Xantrex Grid Tie Solar Inverter

Standard Features

Installation

Installation Options

Single Inverter Installation

Multiple Inverter Installations

Planning the Installation

Inverter Location

PV Array Requirements

General Recommendations

Equipment and Installation Recommendations

Voltage and MPPT Requirements

Guidelines for Matching PV Array Size to Xantrex Grid Tie Solar Inverter Input

Grounding Requirements

AC Grounding

DC Grounding

Lightning Protection

Routing the Wires

Preparing for the Installation

Wiring

AC Circuit Breaker Requirements

AC and DC Disconnects

Mounting the Inverter

Overview

Tools and Materials Needed

Dimensions

Installing the Mounting Bracket

Clearance Requirements

Surfaces for Mounting

Mounting on Poles or Rails

Mounting on Wallboard, Brick or Concrete

Mounting the Inverter on the Bracket

Mounting a Single Inverter

Wiring the Inverter

Connecting the DC Wiring

Equipment Needed

DC Fuses (GT5.0-SP Model Only)

Connecting the PV Array

Connecting Multiple Inverters

Connecting the AC Wiring

Making AC Connections for GT2.5-DE, GT3.8-DE, GT2.8-SP, GT3.8-SP Models

Making AC Connections for GT5.0-SP Model

Communications Wiring for Multiple Inverters

Xanbus Network Technology

Network Components

Purchasing Network Components

Guidelines for Routing the Network Cables

Connecting Network Cable between Inverters

Communications Wiring for Monitoring a Single Inverter

Starting the Inverter

Commissioning Procedure

Disconnect Test

Monitoring the Inverter

Monitoring the Front Panel Display

Front Panel Display Screens and What They Mean

Startup Mode

Normal Operation Mode

Offline Mode

Fault Mode

Special Screens

Custom Screens

Status Indicator Lights