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USER'S GUIDE
Wind Vane
WAV151
M210294en-A
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PUBLISHED BY
Vaisala Oyj Phone (int.):+358 9 8949 1
P.O. Box 26 Fax: +358 9 8949 2227
FIN-00421 Helsinki
Finland
Visit our Internet pa ge s at http://www.vaisala.com/
© Vaisala 2002
No part of this manual may be reproduced in any form or by any
means, electronic or mechanical (including photocopying), nor may its
contents be communicate d to a third party without prior written
permission of the copyright holder.
The contents are subject to change without prior notice.
Please observe that this manual does not create any legally binding
obligations f or Vaisala towards the customer or end user. All legally
binding commitme nts and agreements are included exclusively in the
applicable supply contract or Conditions of Sale.
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___________________________________________________________________
Table of Contents
CHAPTER 1
GENERAL INFORMATION.......................................................3
About This Manual..................................................3
Contents of This Manual.......................................3
Version Information...............................................4
Related Manuals...................................................4
Safety.......................................................................4
General Safety Considerations.............................4
Product Related Safety Precautions.....................5
ESD Protection.....................................................5
Regulatory Compliances........................................6
Warranty..................................................................6
CHAPTER 2
PRODUCT OVERVIEW.............................................................7
Introduction to WAV151 Wind Vane......................7
CHAPTER 3
INSTALLATION ........................................................................9
Selecting Location..................................................9
Installation Procedure..........................................10
Mounting.............................................................10
Alignment............................................................12
Verification..........................................................12
Connector..............................................................12
CHAPTER 4
MAINTENANCE......................................................................15
Periodic Maintenance...........................................15
Cleaning .............................................................15
Testing Proper Operation ...................................15
Replacing Consumables.....................................16
Parts List for Consumables.................................20
VAISALA___________________________________________________________1
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User's Guide ________________________________________________________
CHAPTER 5
TROUBLESHOOTING............................................................21
Common Problems .............................................. 21
Getting Help.......................................................... 22
Return Instructions.............................................. 23
CHAPTER 6
TECHNICAL DATA.................................................................25
Specifications....................................................... 25
MTBF .....................................................................26
MTTR .....................................................................27
List of Figures
Figure 1 WAV151 Wind Vane.................................................8
Figure 2 Recommended Mast Location in Open Area............9
Figure 3 Recommended Mast Length on the Top of
Building .................................................................. 10
Figure 4 Mounting of Wind Sensor.......................................11
Figure 5 WAV151 Connector................................................12
Figure 6 WAV151 Assembly.................................................19
List of Tables
Table 1 Manual Revisions.....................................................4
Table 2 Related Manuals ......................................................4
Table 3 Available Spare Parts............................................. 20
Table 4 Some Common Problems and their Remedies......21
Table 5 WAV151 Wind Vane Specifications........................25
Table 6 Output from Connector Pins C to H........................ 26
Table 7 MTBF Values..........................................................26
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Chapter 1 ___________________________________________General Information
CHAPTER 1
GENERAL INFORMATION
About This Manual
This manual provides information for installing, operating,
and maintainin g the WAV151 Wind Vane.
Contents of This Manual
This manual consists of the following chapters:
- Chapter 1, Gen e ral Informatio n, provides important
safety, revision history, and wa rranty information for the
product.
- Chapter 2, Product Overview, introduces the W AV151
Wind Vane features and advanta ges.
- Chapter 3, Ins tallation, provides you with inform ation
that is intended to help you install this product.
- Chapter 4, Maintenance, provides informatio n that is
needed in the basic maintenance of the WAV151 Win d
Vane.
- Chapter 5, Tro ubleshooting, describes common problems,
their probable ca uses and remedies, and contact
information.
- Chapter 6, Technical Data, provides the technical data of
the WAV151 Wind Vane.
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User's Guide ________________________________________________________
Version Information
Table 1 Manual Revisions
Manual Code Description
M210294en-A This manual, the first version of the
WAV151 Wind Vane User's Guide.
Related Manuals
Table 2 Related Manuals
Manual Code Manual Name
M210293en WAA151 Anemometer - User's Guide
Safety
WARNING
CAUTION
General Safety Considerations
Throughout the manual, important safety considerations are
highlighted as follows:
Warning alerts you to a serious hazard. If you do not read
and follow instructions very carefully at this point, there is
a risk of injury or even death.
Caution warns you of a potential hazard. If you do not read
and follow instructions carefully at this point, the product
could be dama ged or important data could be l ost.
NOTE
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Note highlights important information on using the product.
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Chapter 1 ___________________________________________General Information
Product Related Safety Precautions
The WAV151 Wind Vane delivered to you has been tested
for safety and approved as shipped from the factory. Note
the following precautions:
WARNING
CAUTION
Ground the product, and verify outdoor installation
grounding periodically to minimize shock hazard.
Do not modify the unit. Improper modificatio n can damage
the product o r lead to malfunction.
ESD Protection
Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) can cause immediate or latent
damage to electronic circuits. Vaisala products are
adequately protected agains t ESD for their intended use.
However, it is possible to dam a ge the produ ct by deliver i ng
electrostatic discharges when touching, removing, or
inserting any objects inside the equipment housing.
To make sure you are not delivering high static voltages
yourself:
- Handle ESD sensitive components on a properly
grounded and protected ESD w orkbench. When this is
not possible, ground yourse lf to the equipment chassis
before touching the boards. Ground yourself with a wrist
strap and a resistive connection cord. When neither of the
above is possible, touch a cond uctive part of the
equipment chassi s with y our other ha nd befo re to uc hin g
the boards.
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User's Guide ________________________________________________________
- Always hold the boards by the edges and avoid touching
the component contacts.
Regulatory Compliances
The WAV151 com plies with the follow ing performance and
environmental tes t stand ard s:
- Wind tunnel tests per ASTM standard method D5366-96
(for starting threshold, damping ratio, overshoot ratio, and
delay distance; refer to technical data)
- Exploratory vibration test per MIL-STD-167-1
- Humidity tes t per MIL-STD-810E, Method 507.3
- Salt fog test per MIL-STD-810E, Method 509.3
Warranty
For certain prod ucts Vaisala n ormally gives a l imited one
year warranty. Please obser ve that any such warranty may
not be valid in case of damage due to normal wear and tear,
exceptional operating conditions, negligent handling or
installation, or unauthorized modifications. Please see the
applicable supply contract or conditions of sale for details of
the warranty for each product.
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Chapter 2 ____________________________________________ Product Overview
CHAPTER 2
PRODUCT OVERVIEW
This chapter introduces the WAV151 Wind Vane features
and advantages.
Introduction to WAV151 Wind Vane
The WAV151 W ind Vane is a counter-balanced, lowthreshold optoelectronic wind vane. Infrared LEDs and
phototransistors are mounte d on six orbits on each side of a
6-bit GRAY-coded disc. Rotate d by the vane, the disc
creates changes in the code received by the phototransistors.
The code is changed in steps of 5.6°, one bit at a time to
eliminate any ambiguities in the coding.
A heating element in the shaft tunnel keeps the temperature
of the bearings above the freezing level in cold climates.
Nominally, it provides 10 W of heating power. It is
recommended to use a thermosta t switc h in the se nsor cr oss
arm for switching the heating power on below +4 °C.
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User's Guide ________________________________________________________
0204-044
Figure 1 WAV151 Wind Vane
The following numbers refer to Figure 1 above:
1=Vane assembly
2= Sensor shaft
3 = Lower body
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Chapter 3 __________________________________________________ Installation
CHAPTER 3
INSTALLATION
This chapter provides y ou with in formation that is intend ed
to help you install this product.
Selecting Location
Allow sufficient clearance for the wind sensors. Wind
sensors should not be located next to a building or any other
object that might affect the flow of air.
0204-040
Figure 2 Recommended Mast Location in Open Area
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User's Guide ________________________________________________________
In general, any object of height (h) will not rem a rkably
disturb wind measurement at a minimum dista nce of 10 × h.
There should be at least 150 m open area in all directions
from the mast. Minimum distance between the mast and
obstacles is ten times the height of an obstacle. Refer to
Figure 2 on page 9.
Figure 3 Recommended Mast Length on the Top of
Building
The recommende d minimum lengt h (marked with the letter
h in Figure 3 above) for the mast that is installed on the top
of a building is 1.5 times the height of the building (H).
When the diagonal (W) is less than the height (H) the
minimum length of the mast is 1.5 × W.
Installation Procedure
Mounting
Sensor installation is most convenient when you use a
Vaisala manufactured cross arm for mounting the sensor.
0204-041
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Chapter 3 __________________________________________________ Installation
Always mount the WAV151 Wind Vane to the northern end
of the cross arm.
1. It is recomm ended that you rem ove the vane assembly
to ease installation.
2. Fit the 10-pin cable plug through the mounting flange
at the end of the cross arm, then connect it to the
sensor. See Figure 4 be low.
3. The sensor fits t o the cross arm in one position only.
Face the product label north and mount the sensor to
the flange by twisting. Note that the plastic washers (1)
should be inserted between the flange and the sensor.
See Figure 4 below.
4. Finally, tighten the screws (2) with an Allen key (3).
See Figure 4 below.
5. Mount the vane assembly and tighten its fixing screw.
0204-042
Figure 4 Mounting of Wind Sensor
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User's Guide ________________________________________________________
Alignment
The wind vane does not need any alignment after mounting
when a Vaisala cross arm is used. The mounting screws are
located at the bottom of the sensor so that you can mount
the sensor in one position only to the flange.
Verification
If your sensor is connected to the data collection system and
powered up, check that the directional readings are correct
by holding the vane in a few fixed angles and verifying data.
Connector
The connector for the WAV151 W ind Vane is shown in
Figure 5 below. The heating element in the shaft tunnel is
connected between pins J and K. You can supply the heating
element with 20 VDC or VAC.
The recommended cable connector for t he sensor is
SOURIAU MS3116F12-10P.
0002-031
Figure 5 WAV151 Connector
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Chapter 3 __________________________________________________ Installation
The following letters refer to Figure 5 on page 12.
A = D+, power inpu t from 9.5 to 15.5 VDC
B = GND, common ground
C = G5, signal output
D = G4, signal output
E = G3, signal output
F = G2, signal output
G = G1, signal output
H = G0, signal output
J = HTNG, 20 VDC or VAC
K = HTNG, 20 VDC or VAC
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Chapter 4 ________________________________________________ Maintenance
CHAPTER 4
MAINTENANCE
This chapter provides information that is needed in the basic
maintenance of the WAV151 Wind Vane.
Periodic Maintenance
Cleaning
Heavy contamination in the vane, such as bird dropplets or
ice will deteriorate the accuracy of the wind vane. Clean the
vane when necessary.
Testing Proper Operation
The sensor will hold its accuracy in all conditions for 1 year.
If the rains are mostly casual and moderate, and the
atmospheric corrosion is typic al, the sensor accur acy will
remain for 2 years.
However, the ball bearings must be checked once a year and
the sensor sha f t rotated m a nually. To do this, remove the
vane assembly. To ensure proper operation, the shaft should
spin smoothly and it should not create any detectable noises.
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User's Guide ________________________________________________________
Replacing Consumables
Replacement of the bearings should only be done by a
trained technician. To replace the ball bearings, follow the
procedure bel ow and refer to Figur e 6 on page 19.
1. Open the vane ass e mbly fixing screw with a 2-mm
Allen key. The correct screw is the lower one shown in
Figure 6 on page 19. Remove the assembly.
CAUTION
CAUTION
The vane assembly fixing screw has been treated with
sealant. Do not remove the fixing screw to ensure perfect
sealing.
2. Loosen the hex nut of the connector with a 27-mm
tool.
Be careful not to bend the connector pins.
3. Loosen the three pan head screws at the bottom of the
sensor body with a 7-mm tool.
4. Remove the lower body assembly by pulling it straight
outwards.
5. Loosen the spacer screws with a 7-mm tool and
disconnect the heating elem ent outlet.
6. Remove the printed circuit board.
CAUTION
16 _____________________________________________________ M210294en-A
Do not twist or bend the connector. This may break the
pins.
7. Loosen the fixing screw of the code disc with a 2-mm
Allen key and remove the disc.
8. Remove the external retaining ring (using narrowpointed pliers).
9. Remove the spacer ring.
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Chapter 4 ________________________________________________ Maintenance
10. Remove the internal retaining ring a t the bottom of the
shaft (using narrow-pointe d pliers).
11. Remove the lower bearing.
12. Push out the shaft downwards through the upper body.
13. Rem ove the top bear ing.
To reassemble the sensor, reverse the above work order. The
numbers in pare nthesis refer to Figure 6 on page 19.
1. Take the previous steps in opposite order until
assembling the code disc.
NOTE
CAUTION
Be careful when handling the new ball bearings. Do not
drop them or force them onto the shaft.
2. Attach the code disc (7) back onto the shaft. The disc
has to be positioned so that it does not touch the optocoupler on the printed circuit b oard (6). Tighten the
fixing screw of the code disc.
Assure that the code disc does not touch the opto-coupler.
3. Attach the heating element outlet to the printed circuit
board. Put the pr inted circuit b oard in place and fa sten
it with spacers (5).
4. Put the lower body assembly (4) carefully into place.
Fasten the three screws (3) at the bottom of the sensor.
Make sure that the bigger O-ring (14) is correctly
positioned betwee n the upper an d the lower se ns or
bodies. Check also that the connector O-ring (14) is in
place. The O-ring is recommended to be replaced with
a new one after each opening.
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User's Guide ________________________________________________________
NOTE
CAUTION
When placing the lower body assembly, make sure that the
O-ring is correctly positioned between the upper and lower
bodies. It is recommended to replace the O-rings with new
ones before reassembli ng.
5. Tighten the hexagon nut of th e connector (2).
6. Connect the cable plug to the sensor body connector.
Fasten the sensor body on the crossa rm with three
screws.
7. Mount the vane assembly onto the sensor body.
Tighten the screw.
The heating resistance element cannot be removed without
special tools. To avoid any damages, it is recomme nded
that replacement of the heating element be carried out by
the manufacturer.
The following numbers refer to Figure 6 on page 19:
1=Vane assembly
2 = Hex nut of the co nnector
3 = M6 x 16 DIN7991 (3 pcs)
4 Lower body
5 Spacer (3 pcs)
6 Printed circuit board (PCB)
7 Code disc
8 External retaining ring, body
9 Spacer
10 Internal retaining ring, shaft
11 Ball bearings
12 Shaft and Upper bo dy assembly
13 Ball bearings
14 O-rings, 2 pcs
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Chapter 4 ________________________________________________ Maintenance
0204-045
Figure 6 WAV151 Assembly
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User's Guide ________________________________________________________
The wind vane has been counter-balanced at the factory but
can be readjusted, if necessary. To do this, loosen the vane
assembly and place it on its side on the table. A correctly
balanced vane will stay in horiz o ntal po si t ion.
Parts List for Consumables
Table 3 Available Spare Parts
Spare Part Order Code
Vane assembly (wind tail) 6389WA
Set of bearings and gasket 16644WA
Sensor board (PCB) 1434WA
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Chapter 5 ______________________________________________Troubleshooting
CHAPTER 5
TROUBLESHOOTING
This chapter describes common problems, their probable
causes and remedies, and contact information.
Common Problems
Table 4 Some Common Problems and their
Remedies
Problem Probable Cause Remedy
The data is not
received from the
sensor.
The sensor is mechanically
damaged.
After removing the connector's
hexagon nut, the connector is
bent, which breaks the
connection wires.
The sensor is not powered
properly.
Some Vaisala products, for
example, WAT12, switch
power on to the sensor only
for a very short period (200 µs
to 500 µs).
Check the cables and
connectors.
Check the connector.
Check that the supply voltage
is from 9.5 to15.5 VDC
Check that the sensor output
rises above (Uin - 1.5 V) at the
end of the power pulse.
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User's Guide ________________________________________________________
Problem Probable Cause Remedy
The sensor shaft is
covered with ice
and snow.
The output from the
connector pins C to
H do not have the
right code or are
not at the proper
level.
Current
consumption is
either less than
17 mA or more than
25 mA when the
shaft is rotated
mechanically.
The heating element does not
function.
The heating element is not
properly connected.
The printed circuit board is
damaged.
Send the sensor to Vaisala for
repair. See section Return
Instructions on page 23 for
details.
Open the sensor and check
that the heating element outlet
is connected to the connector
on the printed circuit board.
Refer to the instructions given
in section Replacing
Consumables on page 16 for
details.
Replace the printed circuit
board. Refer to the
instructions given in section
Replacing Consumables on
page 16. See Table 3 on page
20 for spare part number.
Getting Help
For technical questions or for comments on the manuals,
contact the Vaisala tec hnic a l sup por t :
E-mail helpdesk@vaisala.com
Telephone +358 9 8949 2789
Fax +358 9 8949 2790
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Chapter 5 ______________________________________________Troubleshooting
Return Instructions
If the product needs repair, please follow the instructions
below to speed up the process and avoid extra costs.
1. Read the warranty inform ation.
2. Write a Problem Report with the name and contact
information of a technically competent person who can
provide further information on the problem.
3. On the Problem Report, please explain:
- What failed (what w orked / did no t work)?
- Where did it fail (location and enviro nment)?
- When did it fail (date, immediately / after a while /
periodically / randomly)?
- How many failed (only one defect / other same or
similar defects / several failures in one unit)?
- What was connected to the product and to which
connectors?
- Input power source type, voltage and l ist of other
items (lighting, heaters, motors etc.) that were
connected to the same power output.
- What was done when the failure was noticed?
4. Include a detailed return address w ith your preferred
shipping method on the Problem Report.
5. Pack the faulty product using an ESD protection bag of
good quality with proper cushioning material in a
strong box of adequate size. Plea se include the
Problem Report in t he same box.
6. Send the box to:
Vaisala Oyj
SSD Service
Vanha Nurmij ärventie 21
FIN-01670 Vant aa
Finland
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Chapter 6 _______________________________________________Technical Data
CHAPTER 6
TECHNICAL DATA
This chapter provides the tec h nic al dat a of the WA V 151
Wind Vane.
Specifications
Table 5 WAV151 Wind Vane Specifications
Property Description/Value
Sensor/Transducer type Vane/Optical code disc
Measuring range
Starting threshold < 0.4 m/s
Resolution 5.6°
Damping Ratio 0.19
Overshoot Ratio 0.55
Delay Distance 0.4 m
Accuracy
Output 6-bit parallel GRAY code
Transducer output level
(I
< +5 mA)
out
(I
> -5 mA)
out
Settling time after
power turn-on
Operating power supply 9.5 ... 15.5 VDC, 20 mA typical
Heating power supply 20 VDC or VAC, 500 mA typical
Electrical connections MIL-C-26482 type; 10-wire cable
Recommended
connector at cable end
Operating temperature
Storage temperature
0 ... 360°
Better than ±3°
High state > Uin -1.5 V
Low state < 1.5 V
< 100 µs
SOURIAU MS3116F12-10P
-50 ... +55 °C (with shaft heating)
-60 ... +70 °C
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User's Guide ________________________________________________________
Property Description/Value
Housing material AlMgSi, gray anodized
Vane material AlSi 12, anodized
Dimensions 300 (h) × 90 (Ø) mm
Swept radius of vane: 172 mm
Weight 660 g
Table 6 Output from Connector Pins C to H
(º) Output
CDEFGH
N 0 000000 E 90 011000 S 180 110000 W 270 101000
6 000001 96 011001 186 110001 276 101001
11 000011 101 011011 191 110011 281 101011
17 000010 107 011010 197 110010 287 101010
23 000110 113 011110 203 110110 293 101110
28 000111 118 011111 208 110111 298 101111
34 000101 124 011101 214 110101 304 101101
39 000100 129 011100 219 110100 309 101100
45 001100 135 010100 225 111100 315 100100
51 001101 141 010101 231 111101 321 100101
56 001111 146 010111 236 111111 326 100111
62 001110 152 010110 242 111110 332 100110
68 001010 158 010010 248 111010 338 100010
73 001011 163 010011 253 111011 343 100011
79 001001 169 010001 259 111001 349 100001
84 001000 174 010000 264 111000 354 100000
(º) Output
CDEFGH
(º) Output
CDEFGH
(º) Output
CDEFGH
MTBF
According to the standard MIL-HDBK-217F calculated
mean times between failures are listed in Table 7 below.
Actually, the last column provides the failure fre quency
during 10
Table 7 MTBF Values
Abbreviation Installation f/106 h
Gf Permanent installations 2.87
Gm Mobile installations 7.02
Nu Ship equipments 13.15
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6
hours of use.
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Chapter 6 _______________________________________________Technical Data
MTTR
Mean time to repair is 0.3 h.
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*M210294
EN
*
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