Vaisala WAC155 User Manual
USER'S GUIDE
Vaisala Serial Wind Transmitter
WAC155
M210822EN-A
PUBLISHED BY
Vaisala Oyj Phone (int.): +358 9 8949 1
P.O. Box 26 Fax: +358 9 8949 2227
FIN-00421 Helsinki
Finland
Visit our Internet pages at http://www.vaisala.com/
© Vaisala 2007
No part of this manual may be reproduced in any form or by any means,
electronic or mechanical (including photocopying), nor may its contents
be communicated to a third party without prior written permission of the
copyright holder.
The contents are subject to change without prior notice.
Please observe that this manual does not create any legally binding
obligations for Vaisala towards the customer or end user. All legally
binding commitments and agreements are included exclusively in the
applicable supply contract or Conditions of Sale.
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Table of Contents
CHAPTER 1
GENERAL INFORMATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7
About This Manual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7
Contents of This Manual . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7
General Safety Considerations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8
Feedback . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8
Product Related Safety Precautions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8
ESD Protection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9
Recycling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9
Warranty . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10
CHAPTER 2
PRODUCT OVERVIEW . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11
Introduction to Vaisala Serial Wind Transmitter WAC155 11
CHAPTER 3
INSTALLATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13
Selecting Location . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13
Installation Procedure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15
Jumper Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16
Connections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17
Sensor Wiring . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19
Signal Output . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20
Powering . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21
Optional Heating Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22
Wiring Examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24
Mounting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28
Mounting WAC155 to the Top of a Pole Mast . . . . . . . . . .28
Mounting Wind Sensors to WAC155 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29
Alignment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29
Verification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .30
CHAPTER 4
OPERATION . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31
User Interface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31
Communication Interfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31
NMEA Message Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32
Polling Data using a Query . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33
Service Connection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .34
List of Serial Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .35
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OPEN . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .36
CLOSE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .37
SETDEV . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .38
SETSPD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .38
SETDIR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .38
SETMES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .39
SETMEA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .40
SETCOM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .41
SETHEA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .42
GETHEA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .42
SETALR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .43
SERVICE TIMEOUT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .44
GETSET . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45
HELP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45
INIE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45
RESET . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .46
ERRS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .46
CHAPTER 5
MAINTENANCE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .49
Periodic Maintenance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .49
Visual Checking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .49
Replacing Consumables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .49
Parts List for Consumables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .49
CHAPTER 6
TROUBLESHOOTING . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .51
Problem Situations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .51
Error Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .52
Technical Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .53
Return Instructions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .53
Vaisala Service Centers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .54
CHAPTER 7
TECHNICAL DATA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .55
Specifications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .55
Dimensions in mm (inches) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .57
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List of Figures
Figure 1 Vaisala Serial Wind Transmitter WAC155 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12
Figure 2 Recommended Mast Location in Open Area. . . . . . . . . . . . . .14
Figure 3 Recommended Mast Length on Top of a Building. . . . . . . . . .15
Figure 4 RS-485 Termination. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16
Figure 5 WAC155 Component Board. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17
Figure 6 Cable Shield Bent over the Plastic Sleeve and O-ring. . . . . . .17
Figure 7 I/O Connectors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18
Figure 8 Wiring of the Sensors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20
Figure 9 Typical System with 12 VDC Power Supply. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21
Figure 10 Heating Power Connection with 40 V Power Supply . . . . . . . .22
Figure 11 Heating Power Connection with 20 V Power Supply . . . . . . . .23
Figure 12 Heating Power Connection for Anemometer Only. . . . . . . . . .23
Figure 13 Heating Power Connection for Wind Vane Only . . . . . . . . . . .24
Figure 14 Basic Wiring with WAA151 and WAV151 Sensors . . . . . . . . .25
Figure 15 Wiring with WHP151 Mains Power Supply . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26
Figure 16 Wiring with WHP25 Mains Power Supply and the WA252
Series Wind Sensors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27
Figure 17 Mounting WAC155 to the Top of a Pole Mast . . . . . . . . . . . . .28
Figure 18 Installation of the Wind Sensors WAA151 and WAV151
to WAC155. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29
Figure 19 WAC155 Dimensions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .57
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List of Tables
Table 1 Anemometer Connector (X1) Pinout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18
Table 2 Power/Control Connector (X2) Pinout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19
Table 3 Wind Direction Sensor Connector (X3) Pinout. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19
Table 4 WAC155 Default Serial Communication Settings . . . . . . . . . . . .32
Table 5 Checksum table . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .34
Table 6 List of Serial Commands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .35
Table 7 Meaning of the Command Line Elements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .36
Table 8 Available Spare Parts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .49
Table 9 Problem Situations and Corrective Actions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .51
Table 10 Self-diagnostics Error Codes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .52
Table 11 Performance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .55
Table 12 Inputs and Outputs. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .56
Table 13 Operating Conditions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .56
Table 14 Dimensions and Mechanics. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .56
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Chapter 1 ________________________________________________________ General Information
CHAPTER 1
GENERAL INFORMATION
This chapter provides general notes for the manual and the product.
About This Manual
This manual provides information for installing and maintaining the
Vaisala Serial Wind Transmitter WAC155.
Contents of This Manual
This manual consists of the following chapters:
- Chapter 1, General Information: This chapter provides general
notes for the manual and the product.
- Chapter 2, Product Overview: This chapter introduces the features
of the Vaisala Serial Wind Transmitter WAC155.
- Chapter 3, Installation: This chapter provides you with information
that is intended to help you install this product.
- Chapter 4, Operation: This chapter contains information that is
needed to operate the Vaisala Serial Wind Transmitter WAC155.
- Chapter 5, Maintenance: This chapter provides information that is
needed in basic maintenance of the Vaisala Serial Wind
Transmitter WAC155.
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- Chapter 6, Troubleshooting: This chapter describes common
problems, their probable causes and remedies, and contact
information.
- Chapter 7, Technical Data: This chapter provides technical data of
the Vaisala Serial Wind Transmitter WAC155.
General Safety Considerations
Throughout the manual, important safety considerations are highlighted
as follows:
WARNING
CAUTION
NOTE
Warning alerts you to a serious hazard. If you do not read and follow
instructions very carefully at this point, there is a risk of injury or even
death.
Caution warns you of a potential hazard. If you do not read and follow
instructions carefully at this point, the product could be damaged or
important data could be lost.
Note highlights important information on using the product.
Feedback
Vaisala Customer Documentation Team welcomes your comments and
suggestions on the quality and usefulness of this publication. If you find
errors or have other suggestions for improvement, please indicate the
chapter, section, and page number. You can send comments to us by email: manuals@vaisala.com
.
Product Related Safety Precautions
The Vaisala Serial Wind Transmitter WAC155 delivered to you has
been tested for safety and approved as shipped from the factory. Note
the following precautions:
8 ____________________________________________________________________M210822EN-A
Chapter 1 ________________________________________________________ General Information
WARNING
CAUTION
Ground the product, and verify outdoor installation grounding
periodically to minimize shock hazard.
Do not modify the unit. Improper modification can damage the
product or lead to malfunction.
ESD Protection
Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) can cause immediate or latent damage to
electronic circuits. Vaisala products are adequately protected against
ESD for their intended use. However, it is possible to damage the
product by delivering electrostatic discharges when touching,
removing, or inserting any objects inside the equipment housing.
To make sure you are not delivering high static voltages yourself:
- Handle ESD sensitive components on a properly grounded and
protected ESD workbench. When this is not possible, ground
yourself with a wrist strap and a resistive connection cord to the
equipment chassis before touching the boards. When neither of the
above is possible, at least touch a conductive part of the equipment
chassis with your other hand before touching the boards.
Recycling
- Always hold the boards by the edges and avoid touching the
component contacts.
Recycle all applicable material.
Dispose of batteries and the unit according to statutory regulations.
Do not dispose of with regular household refuse.
VAISALA________________________________________________________________________ 9
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Warranty
Vaisala hereby represents and wa rrants all Prod ucts
manufactured by Vaisala and sold hereunder to be free
from defects in workmanship or material during a
period of twelve (12) months from the date of delivery
save for products for which a special warranty is given.
If any Product proves however to be defective in
workmanship or material within the period herein
provided Vaisala undertakes to the exclusion of any
other remedy to repair or at its own option replace the
defective Product or part thereof free of charge and
otherwise on the same conditions as for the original
Product or part without extension to original warranty
time. Defective parts replaced in accordance with this
clause shall be placed at the disposal of Vaisala.
Vaisala also warrants the quality of all repair and
service works performed by its employees to products
sold by it. In case the repair or service works should
appear inadequate or faulty and should this cause
malfunction or nonfunction of the product to which the
service was performed Vaisala shall at its free option
either repair or have repaired or replace the product in
question. The working hours used by employees of
Vaisala for such repair or replacement shall be free of
charge to the client. This service warranty shall be
valid for a period of six (6) months from the date the
service measures were completed.
This warranty does not however apply when the defect
has been caused through
a) normal wear and tear or accident;
b) misuse or other unsuitable or unauthorized use of
the Product or negligence or error in storing,
maintaining or in handling the Product or any
equipment thereof;
c) wrong installation or assembly or failure to service
the Product or otherwise follow Vaisala's service
instructions including any repairs or installation or
assembly or service made by unauthorized personnel
not approved by Vaisala or replacements with parts not
manufactured or supplied by Vaisala;
d) modifications or changes of the Product as well as
any adding to it without Vaisala's prior authorization;
e) other factors depending on the Customer or a third
party.
Notwithstanding the aforesaid Vaisala's liabi lit y under
this clause shall not apply to any defects arising out of
materials, designs or instructions provided by the
Customer.
This warranty is however subject to following
conditions:
a) A substantiated written claim as to any alleged
defects shall have been received by Vaisala within
thirty (30) days after the defect or fault became known
or occurred, and
b) The allegedly defective Product or part shall, should
Vaisala so require, be sent to the works of Vaisala or to
such other place as Vaisala may indicate in writing,
freight and insurance prepaid and properly packed and
labelled, unless Vaisala agrees to inspect and repair the
Product or replace it on site.
This warranty is expressly in lieu of and excludes all
other conditions, warranties and liabilities, express or
implied, whether under law, statute or otherwise,
including without limitation any implied warranties of
merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose and
all other obligations and liabilities of Vaisala or its
representatives with respect to any defect or deficiency
applicable to or resulting directly or indirectly from the
Products supplied hereunder, which obligations and
liabilities are hereby expressly cancelled and waived.
Vaisala's liability shall under no circumstances exceed
the invoice price of any Product for which a warranty
claim is made, nor shall Vaisala in any circumstances
be liable for lost profits or other consequential loss
whether direct or indirect or for special damages.
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Chapter 2 __________________________________________________________ Product Overview
CHAPTER 2
PRODUCT OVERVIEW
This chapter introduces the features of the Vaisala Serial Wind
Transmitter WAC155.
Introduction to Vaisala Serial Wind Transmitter WAC155
The Vaisala Serial Wind Transmitter WAC155 converts the digital data
supplied by the Vaisala 151 and 252 Series wind sensors for use in the
RS-485 bus. The WAC155 transmitter consists of a component board in
a junction box and a cross arm for mounting the wind sensors; see
Figure 1 on page 12.
The WAC155 unit is installed underneath the cross arm, and it
communicates with the controlling system via a twisted pair RS-485
cable. The electrical connections to the sensors are 6-bit parallel graycode for the direction measurement and up to 750Hz digital pulse for the
wind speed measurement (anemometer).
The power to the sensors is supplied through the WAC155 transmitter.
The transmitter accepts 9 ... 15.5 VDC as input power. The WAC155
transmitter also provides the sensors with a throughput for optional
heating power. The unit automatically connects the heating power in
temperatures below +3 °C (default setting).
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The main features of the WAC155 are as follows:
- Communication with NMEA 0183 compliant protocol over
RS-485 electrical interface (half-duplex)
- Capable of measuring the wind parameters at a configurable
interval using the instant method according to the WMO standard
- Fail-safe RS-485 operation with configurable baud rate and
turnaround delay
- Configurable RS-485 bus termination and ID setting
- Service connection via the RS-485 interface for configuration and
maintenance
- Adjustable heating control of the sensors
- Automatic detection of sensor failure conditions
0710-010
Figure 1 Vaisala Serial Wind Transmitter WAC155
The following numbers refer to Figure 1 on page 12.
1 = Flange for mounting a Vaisala anemometer
2 = Junction box, containing the component board
3 = Flange for mounting a Vaisala wind vane
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Chapter 3 _______________________________________________________________ Installation
CHAPTER 3
INSTALLATION
This chapter provides you with information that is intended to help you
install this product.
Selecting Location
Finding a suitable site for the product is important for getting
representative ambient measurements. The site should represent the
general area of interest.
Allow sufficient clearance for the wind sensors. Wind sensors should
not be located next to a building or any other object that might affect the
flow of air.
CAUTION
Installations on top of high buildings or masts and in sites on open
grounds are vulnerable to lightning strikes. A nearby lightning strike
may induce a high-voltage surge not tolerable by the internal surge
suppressors of the instrument.
Additional protection is needed in regions with frequent, severe
thunderstorms, especially when long line cables (> 30m) are used.
Vaisala recommends using a surge protector such as the WSP150 in all
sites where there is an elevated risk of lightning strike.
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0204-040
Figure 2 Recommended Mast Location in Open Area
In general, any object of height (h) will not remarkably disturb wind
measurement at a minimum distance of 10 h. There should be at least
150 m open area in all directions from the mast. Refer to Figure 2 on
page 14.
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Chapter 3 _______________________________________________________________ Installation
0204-041
Figure 3 Recommended Mast Length on Top of a Building
The recommended minimum length (marked with the letter h in Figure
3 on page 15) for the mast that is installed on top of a building is
1.5 times the height of the building (H). When the diagonal (W) is less
than the height (H), the minimum length of the mast is 1.5 W.
Installation Procedure
For installation, follow the procedure below and refer to corresponding
sections for details.
1. Remove the four screws holding the cover of the WAC155
transmitter. Remove the cover.
2. Select the RS-485 termination according to the instructions in
section Jumper Settings on page 16.
3. Enter the power and signal cables through the cable glands(s).
For better protection against RF interference, ground the cable
shield as shown in Figure 6 on page 17.
4. Connect the wires to the X2 removable screw terminal block
according to Figure 8 on page 20 and Figure 9 on page 21.
Tighten the output cable gland(s).
5. Carefully reattach the enclosure cover with the four screws.
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6. Attach the unit on the top of a pole mast with the mounting clamp
as shown in Figure 17 on page 28.
7. Mount the sensors onto the cross arm. Refer to Figure 18 on page
29 and the sensors' manuals.
8. Align the cross arm as instructed in section Alignment on page 29
before erecting the mast.
Jumper Settings
RS-485 serial bus termination can be selected with the on-board jumper.
Termination is on when pins 1 and 2 are shorted, and termination is off
when pins 2 and 3 are shorted or when the jumper plug is fully
disconnected. Termination is implemented by a 120 resistor on the
component board.
In a simple point-to-point configuration where only one WAC155
transmitter is used the jumper is always in ON position. In a multidrop
configuration where several WAC155 transmitters share the single
RS-485 communication line, the termination jumper is in ON position
only at the physically farthest transmitter (i.e. at the end of the
communication line), and in OFF position at the other transmitters.
0701-017
Figure 4 RS-485 Termination
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