Unimac UM-S1P User Manual

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UM-S1P Electric High-Pressure

Airless Paint Station

User Manual

[Revision 3.0 July 2018]

READ THIS MANUAL CAREFULLY BEFORE USE – FAILURE TO DO SO MAY RESULT IN INJURY, PROPERTY

DAMAGE AND MAY VOID WARRANTY. • KEEP THIS MANUAL FOR FUTURE REFERENCE. • Products covered by

this manual may vary in appearance, assembly, inclusions, specifications, description and packaging.

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UM-S1P Electric High-Pressure Airless Paint Station

It is vital that you read and understand this

General Personal Safety

General Equipment Use and Care

Safety

Safety messages are designed to alert you to possible dangers or hazards that could cause death, injury or equipment or property damage if not understood or followed. Safety messages have the following symbols:

You WILL be KILLED or SERIOUSLY INJURED if you do not follow instructions.

user manual before using the product, including safety warnings, and any assembly and operating instructions. Keep the manual for future reference.

Safety precautions and recommendations detailed here must be fully understood and followed to reduce the risk of injury, fire, explosion, electrical hazard, and /or property damage.

Safety information presented here is generic in nature – some advice may not be applicable to every product. The term "equipment" refers to the product, be it electrical mains powered, battery powered or combustion engine powered.

• Before Use - If you are not familiar with the safe operation/handling of the equipment, or are in any way unsure of any aspect of suitability or correct use for your application, you should complete training conducted by a person or organization qualified in safe use and operation of this equipment, including fuel/electrical handling and safety.

• Do NOT operate the equipment in flammable or explosive environments, such as in the presence of flammable liquids, gases or dust. The equipment may create sparks or heat that may ignite flammable substances.

• Keep clear of moving parts.

• Equipment may be a potential source of

electric shock or injury if misused.

• Do NOT operate the equipment if it is damaged, malfunctioning or is in an excessively worn state.

• Do NOT allow others to use the equipment unless they have read this manual and are adequately trained.

• Keep packaging away from children risk of suffocation! Operators must use the equipment correctly. When using the equipment, consider conditions and pay due care to persons and property.

General Work Area Safety

• Work areas should be clean and well it.

• Do not operate the equipment if

bystanders, animals etc are within operating range of the equipment or the general work area.

• If devices are provided for connecting dust extraction / co llection facilities, ensure these are connected and used properly. Dust collection can reduce dust-related hazards.

You CAN be KILLED or SERIOUSLY INJURED if you do not follow instructions.

• Wear appropriate protective equipment when operating, servicing, or when in the operating area of the equipment to help protect from eye and ear injury, poisoning, burns, cutting and crush injuries. Protective equipment such as safety goggles, respirators, non-slip safety footwear, hard hat, hearing protection etc should be used for appropriate equipment / conditions. Other people nearby should also wear appropriate personal protective equipment. Do not wear loose clothing or jewellery, which can be caught in moving parts. Keep hair and clothing away from the equipment.

• Stay alert and use common sense when operating the equipment. Do not overreac h. A lways maintain secure footing and balance.

• Do not use the equipment if tired or under the influence of drugs, alcohol or medication.

• This equipment is not intended for use by persons with reduced physical, sensory or mental capabilities.

General Fuel Safety

• Petrol/fuel/gasoline is extremely flammable – keep clear of naked flames or other ignition sources.

• Do not spill fuel. If you spill fuel, wipe it off the equipment immediately – if fuel gets on your clothing, change clothing.

• Do NOT smoke near fuel or when refuelling.

• Always shut off the engine before refuelling.

• Do NOT ref uel a hot engine.

• Open the fuel cap carefully to allow any

pressure build-up in the tank to release slowly.

• Always refuel in well ventilated areas.

• Always check for fuel leakage. If fuel

leakage is found, do not start or run the engine until all leaks are fixed.

General Carbon-Monoxide Safety

• Using a combustion engine indoors CAN KILL IN MINUTES. Engine exhaust

contains carbon-monoxide – a poison you cannot smell or see.

• Use combustion engines OUTSIDE only, and far away from windows, doors and vents.

You CAN be INJURED if you do not follow instructions or equipment damage may occur.

• The equipment is designed for domestic use only.

• Handle the equipment safely and carefully.

• Before use, inspect the equipment for misalignment or binding of moving parts, loose components, damage or any other condition that may affect its operation. If damaged, have the equipment repaired by an authorised service centre or technician before use.

• Prevent unintentional starting of the equipment - ensure equipment and power switches are in the OFF position before connecting or moving equipment. Do not carry equipment with hands or fingers touching any controls. Remove any tools or other items that are not a part of the equipment from it before starting or switching on.

• Do not force the equipment. Use the correct equipment for your application. Equipment will perform better and be safer when used within its design and usage parameters.

• Use the equipment and accessories etc. in accordance with these instructions, considering working conditions and the work to be performed. Using the equipment for operations different from those intended could result in hazardous situations.

• Always keep equipment components (engines, hoses, handles, controls, frames, housings, guards etc) and accessories (cutting tools, nozzles, bits etc) properly maintained. Keep the equipment clean and, where applicable, properly lubricated.

• Store the equipment out of reach of children or untrained persons. To avoid burns or fire hazards, let the equipment cool completely before transporting or storing. Never place or store the equipment near flammable materials, combustible gases or liquids etc.

• The equipment is not weather-proof, and should not be stored in direct sunlight, at high ambient temperatures or locations that are damp or humid.

• Do not clean equipment with solvents, flammable liquids or harsh abrasives.

• For specific equipment safety use and care, see Equipment Safety.

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UM-S1P Electric High-Pressure Airless Paint Station

General Electrical Safety

General Service Information

• Inspect electrical equipment, extension cords, power bars, and electrical fittings for damage or wear before each use. Repair or replace damaged equipment immediately.

• Ensure all power sources conform to equipment voltage requirements and are disconnected before connecting or disconnecting equipment.

• When wiring electrically powered equipment, follow all electrical and safety codes.

• W herever possible, use a residual current device (RCD).

• High voltage / high current power lines may be present. Use extreme caution to avoid contact or interference with power lines. Electrical shock can be fatal.

• Electrically grounded equipment must have an approved cord and plug and be connected to a grounded electric al outlet.

• Do NOT bypass the ON/OFF switch and operate equipment by connecting and disconnecting the electrical cord.

• Do NOT use equipment that has exposed wiring, damaged switches, covers or guards.

• Do NOT use electrical equipment in wet conditions or in damp locations.

• Do NOT use electrical cords to lift, move or carry equipment.

• Do NOT coil or knot electrical cords, and ensure electrical cords are not trip hazards.

• The equipment must be serviced or repaired at authorised service centres by qualified personnel only.

• Replacement parts must be original equipment manufacturer (OEM) to ensure equipment safety is maintained.

• Do NOT attempt any maintenance or repair work not described in this manual.

• After use, the equipment and components may still be hot – allow the equipment to cool and disconnect spark plugs and/or electrical power sources and/or batteries from it before making adjustments, changing accessories or performing repair or maintenance.

• Do NOT make adjustments while the equipment is running.

• Perform service r elated activities in suitable conditions, such as a workshop.

• Replace worn, damaged or m issing warning/safety labels immediately.

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UM-S1P Electric High-Pressure Airless Paint Station

Flammable Material Hazard

Read User Manual

Use Hand Protection

Carbon-Monoxide Hazard

Electrocution / Electrical

Toxic Fumes / D ust Hazard

Explosive Material Hazard

Cutting / Amputation Hazard

Crush Hazard

Single Operator Only

Use Face Protection

Use Foot Protection

Use Eye / Ear / Head

Running Hazard

Diving Hazard

Adult Super vision Required

Skin Penetration / Puncture

Hot Surface Hazard

Flying Debris Hazard

Moving Parts Hazard

Safety Symbols

The product may have safety warning labels attached to it, explained below. Understand the symbols on your product and their meanings. If any stickers become unreadable, unattached etc, replace them.

Flammable liquids, gases or

substances etc may present.

Avoid ignition sources and

open flames. Danger of fire.

Shock Hazard High voltage or high current electricity may be present or

required by the product. Take

due care when handling electrical products, cables, plugs and leads. Electrical

shock can be fatal.

The product may have blades,

edges or mechanical devices

that can cause severe crush

injury to fingers, limbs etc.

Take due care when handling

and using the product.

Read and fully understand

product safety warnings,

operation, procedures etc

before using the product.

Using the product or by-

products from use ma y

produce fumes, smoke or

particles that could be harmful

if inhaled. Wear appropriate

breathing protection and have

adequate ventilation.

The product must be operated

by a single person only. More

than one person operating the

product may introduce

additional hazards.

Wear appropriate hand

protection and take due care

as the product or use of the

product may present hand

hazards.

Combustible liquids, gases or

substances etc may be

present. Avoid ignition sources

and open flames. Danger of

explosion.

Wear appropriate f ull-face

protection and take due care

as the product or use of the

product may present face and

eye hazards.

Do not use the product in confined areas or without

adequate ventilation. Carbon-

monoxide poisoning can be

fatal.

The product may have blades,

edges or mechanical devices

that can cause severe cut injury to fingers, limbs etc.

Take due care when handling

and using the product.

Wear appropriate foot

protection and take due care

as the product or use of the

product may present foot

hazards.

Wear appropriate eye and / or

product or use of the product

may present eye, hearing and

objects that can cause severe

injury to fingers, limbs, blood

Protection

ear and / or head protection

and take due care as the

head hazards.

Hazard

The product may produce

pressure, emit liquids or

etc. Take due care when

handling and using the

product.

Do not run on or near the

product as doing so may

present a fall hazard.

Be aware that the product may

produce high temperatures

and hot surfaces that can

cause burn injuries.

Do not dive into the product as

doing so may present a neck /

head injury hazard.

Be aware that the product or

use of the product may

present hazards produced by

flying debris. Wear appropriate

clothing and protectiove

devices.

Always supervise children and

other users of a product to prevent drowning or injury.

Be aware that the product

contains or uses mechanical

devices that move or rotate.

Always wait for moving parts

to stop fully before handling

the product, adj usting,

maintenence etc.

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UM-S1P Electric High-Pressure Airless Paint Station

Carbon-Monoxide Hazard

Pull Hazard

Slope / Fall Injury Hazard

"Slam Dunk" Warning

Electrocution / Electrical

Power Line Electrocution

"Kick-Back" Hazard

Winch Operator Position

Winch Lift Hazard

Cable Hazard

Winch Cable Hazard

Winch Hook Hazard

Do not use the product in confined areas or without

adequate ventilation. Carbon-

monoxide poisoning can be

fatal.

Shock Hazard - Outdoor High voltage or high current electricity may be present or

required by the product. Do

NOT use in rain, damp or wet

conditions. Electrical shock

can be fatal.

Hazard

Do NOT stand between winch

and load. Do NOT use winch

to move people.

Be aware that the product

contains or uses mechanical devices that can pull in objects and can cause severe injury to

fingers, limbs etc. Take due

care when handling and using

the product.

Shock Hazard - Disconnect

High voltage or high current

electricity may be present or

required by the product.

Always disconnect the product

from the electrical supply

before handling the product,

adjusting, maintenence etc.

Do NOT LIFT load vertically.

Use machine to PULL only.

Be aware that using the

product on sloping surfaces or

in slippery conditions may

present additional dangers

from falls and contact with

blades, moving parts, hot

surfaces etc.

Hazard

High voltage / high current

power lines may be present.

Use extreme caution to avoid

contact or interference with

power lines. Electrical shock

can be fatal.

Ensure that load bearing cable

is not kinked or knotted.

Do NOT attempt "slam dunk"

maneouvres as this may result

in severe injury due to falling, product breakage or collapse

etc.

High level of "kick-back"

hazard that can cause the

machine to suddenly rotate

towards operator. Kick-back

injury can be fatal.

Ensure that there is a

minimum number of cable

coils on winching mechanism.

Carry hook to load – do NOT

throw or run.

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UM-S1P Electric High-Pressure Airless Paint Station

Equipment Safety

• It is highly recommendations to use the equipment with a residual current device (RCD) rated at 30mA or less.

• Never spray flammable paints or solvents with a flash point below 21ºC.

• Never spray near a naked flame, including an appliance pilot light.

• Never smoke whilst spraying.

• Never allow children to operate or play with the spray gun.

• Never use the equipment outside if it is raining.

• Never immerse the spray gun in liquid. This could lead to electric shock, personal injury and material

damage.

• Always ensure there is adequate ventilation when spraying.

• Always wear a respirator and eye protection when spraying.

• Always read the paint manufacturer’s instructions before using.

• Never allow the spray material to come in direct contact with the skin.

• Do not clean the equipment using flammable liquids with a flash point below 21ºC.

• Clean the equipment thoroughly after every use.

• Before cleaning, always disconnect the equipment from the mains supply.

• Do not point the spray gun at yourself or any other person or animal. Injury from penetration of the skin

and paint or solvents being injected into the body can result. If injury from paint or solvent injection into the skin or body occurs, seek medial attention immediately and advise the paints or solvents used.

• Always check hose connections for leaks, and for correct equipment operation before use. Never operate the equipment if there are any leaks or faults – seek diagnosis and repair before using the equipment.

• Release pressure in the equipment when finished spraying. Pressure can remain in the unit and hose when switched off.

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UM-S1P Electric High-Pressure Airless Paint Station

Table of Contents

Safety ................................................................................................................................................... 2

Safety Symbols .......................................................................................................................................... 4

Equipment Safety ............................................................................................................................... 6

Parts Identification ............................................................................................................................. 8

Machine Components ................................................................................................................................ 9

Assembly .......................................................................................................................................... 10

Operation .......................................................................................................................................... 12

Priming ..................................................................................................................................................... 12

Set-Up ...................................................................................................................................................... 13

Spraying Procedure ................................................................................................................................. 14

Spraying Technique ........................................................................................................................... 15

Cleaning ............................................................................................................................................ 16

Inlet Hose and Filter ................................................................................................................................. 16

Spray Gun and High-Pressure Hose ........................................................................................................ 17

Pressure Release Procedure .......................................................................................................... 18

Troubleshooting ............................................................................................................................... 19

Specifications ................................................................................................................................... 19

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UM-S1P Electric High-Pressure Airless Paint Station

7 6 4

Parts Identification

No. Name No. Name

1 Machine Body 8 Tools / Fasteners / Accessories

2 Frame

3 High-Pressure Hose

4 Inlet Hose (includes clamps and end filter)

5 Return Hose (includes clamp)

6 Spray Gun

7 Gun Extension Lance

Pressure Gauge 3-Way Adaptor 2 x Gun Filter 4 x M6 Bolt / Washers / Spring Washers Cleaning Kit (includes several pipe cleaners and brushes etc) 5mm Allen Key

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UM-S1P Electric High-Pressure Airless Paint Station

1 2 3

7 5 4 6 9

11 8 13

Machine Components

No. Name No. Name

1 Pressure Valve 8 Spray Gun Trigger

2 Spray Valve 9 Mixing Nozzle

3 Pressure Gauge 10 Spray Tip

4 Inlet Port 11 Trigger Lock

5 Return Port 12 Handle (contains filter)

6 Outlet Port 13 High-Pressure Hose Connector

7 ON / OFF Switch

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UM-S1P Electric High-Pressure Airless Paint Station

Assembly

1. Lower the machine body into the frame, with the front

of the machine toward the lower side of the frame.

3. Connect the adaptor to the outlet port. Firmly tighten

the connecting nut using a 19mm spanner.

2. Secure the machine to the frame with the four M6 bolts, spring washers and washers. Firmly tighten the fasteners using the Allen key.

4. Connect the pressure gauge to the adaptor "T" connector (middle connector), then firmly tighten by hand.

5. Connect the high-pressure hose to the adaptor outlet connector. Firmly tighten the connecting nut using a 19mm spanner.

6. Connect the other end of the high-pressure hose to spray gun connector. Firmly tighten the connecting nut using a 19mm spanner.

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UM-S1P Electric High-Pressure Airless Paint Station

7. Push the inlet hose onto the inlet port, then secure it using the hose clamp.

8. Push the return tube to the return port, then secure it using the spring clamp.

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UM-S1P Electric High-Pressure Airless Paint Station

Operation

Read, understand and follow all safety recommendations before using the equipment. • The

quality of finish depends considerably on how well prepared the surface is for painting. Properly prepare the surface before painting. • You must remove any air from the unit before spraying. This operation is known as “priming” or “bleeding”. If the system is not properly primed, a poor quality paint finish may result. If the machine constantly starts and stops during use, repeat priming procedure steps 3 to 6.

Priming

NOTE: Do not thin paint for use in this spray gun.

1. Submerge the input and return hoses in the

coating material.

3. Set the spray valve to the "prime" position (lever

facing down), then switch the unit on.

2. Rotate the pressure valve left (anti-clockwise) until fully out.

4. Wait for air bubbles to clear from the return hose. When no bubbles can be seen in the hose or in the coating material, the pump is primed.

5. Set the spray valve to the "spray" position (lever facing forward).

6. Wait for the equipment to automatically stop. The equipment is now primed and pressurised.

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UM-S1P Electric High-Pressure Airless Paint Station

Set-Up

The machine automatically regulates pressure – when the set pressure is reached, the motor shuts off. When the pressure drops, the motor starts again until the correct pressure is reached and so on.

Pressure

1. Rotate the pressure valve as required until a medium to high pressure shows on the pressure gauge.

Stroke Speed

1. Spray a test patch or scrap material and assess the speed of stroke required for the pressure and coating material. Generally, lower pressures will require slower strokes, and higher pressures, faster strokes.

2. Test spray some scrap material, and adjust pressure until a smooth and even spray consistency is achieved

Aligning the Spray Nozzle

1. Perform the pressure release procedure. Then rotate the mixing nozzle to match the direction of preferred spray pattern (vertical (up-down), or horizontal (sideways (left-right)).

Horizontal

Vertical

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UM-S1P Electric High-Pressure Airless Paint Station

Spraying Procedure

2. Keep the spray gun approximately 30cm (12") from the surface to be sprayed. Maintain this distance.

4. Begin 15cm (6") off the edge of the area being sprayed. Start the movement of the stroke before squeezing the trigger.

3. Switch the machine on. Release the spray trigger

lock. Rotate the spray tip to the “spray” setting (arrow

pointing forward).

5. Release the trigger once past the opposite edge of the area being sprayed.

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UM-S1P Electric High-Pressure Airless Paint Station

Spraying Technique

1. Move the spray gun with the entire arm, not by rotating the wrist. This will keep the spray gun perpendicular to the surface, helping keep the pattern and coverage even.

2. Keep the spray gun angle perpendicular to the surface, so spray distance is consistent.

3. Overlap each stroke by 30% to ensure even coverage.

TIPS:

•

Do not spray out doors on a windy day as the results may be unsatisfactory.

•

Apply one coat at a time. Always allow a coat to completely dry before adding another coat.

•

Avoid stopping and starting as this can lead to a patchy finish. It is best to start spraying outside the surface to be sprayed and avoid stopping in the middle of the surface, continue just past the opposite edge.

•

If taking a break from spraying for more than several minutes, perform the pressure release procedure and place the spray tip in the applicable paint solvent to prevent paint from drying and forming blockages in it.

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UM-S1P Electric High-Pressure Airless Paint Station

Cleaning

Perform the pressure release procedure before starting the cleaning procedure. Follow the

cleaning procedure carefully as a build-up of dried paint on the operating components can stop the unit from working. • Always use the appropriate cleaner for the paint in use (water for acrylics, mineral turpentine for enamels etc). • Equipment failure, poor operation or unsatisfactory results from

failing to properly clean and maintain the equipment is NOT covered under warranty.

Inlet Hose and Filter

1. Remove the inlet hose from the coating material

then switch the machine on.

3. Place the inlet hose into a bucket of appropriate

cleaner.

2. Wait for paint to stop running out of return hose then switch the machine off.

4. Rotate the spray tip to the “clean” setting (arrow pointing backward).

5. Rotate the pressure valve left (anti-clockwise) until fully out, then switch the unit on and wait 30 seconds.

6. Set spray valve to the "spray" setting (lever forward).

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UM-S1P Electric High-Pressure Airless Paint Station

7. Squeeze the trigger to cycle the cleaning liquid through the system. Repeat steps 3 to 5 until the liquid running through the return hose is clear.

9. Loosen the hose clamp at the filter end of the inlet hose.

10. Pull the filter from of hose and rinse thoroughly in appropriate cleaner.

11. Push the filter back into the hose.

12. Secure the filter using the hose clamp.

8. Once complete, perform the pressure release

procedure.

Spray Gun and High-Pressure Hose

1. Disconnect the spray gun from the high-pressure hose.

2. Remove the spray tip, then unscrew the mixing nozzle.

3. Pull the bottom of the trigger guard from the spray gun handle.

5. Rinse all elements of spray gun to remove any remaining traces of paint.

6. Reassemble spray tip and guard. Then follow this procedure in reverse to reassemble spray gun.

7. Coil the high-pressure hose after cleaning and for storage to prevent damage.

4. Unscrew the handle from the spray gun, then remove the filter from the top of the handle. Clean the filter thoroughly.

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UM-S1P Electric High-Pressure Airless Paint Station

Pressure Release Procedure

Perform the pressure release procedure when shutting the equipment down for any purpose, including cleaning or adjusting.

1. Turn the spray trigger safety lock on.

3. Switch the machine off, and then place the spray valve in the "prime" position (lever facing down).

2. Rotate the pressure valve left (anti-clockwise) until fully out.

Prime Position

4. Squeeze the spray trigger to release any remaining pressure in gun.

Spray Position

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UM-S1P Electric High-Pressure Airless Paint Station

Troubleshooting

Problem Cause Remedy

Little or no material flow Gun or inlet hose or filter

blockage.

Spray pressure too low.

Inlet hose loose, filter blocked or not fully submerged or damaged.

Gun leaking Spray nozzle loose.

Spray nozzle worn.

Spray nozzle seal worn.

Material build-up in and around spray / mixing nozzle.

Atomization too coarse Material viscosity too high.

Spray pressure too high.

Spray nozzle unclean.

Paint runs or sags Too much material being

applied.

Excessive overspray Gun too far from spray

object.

Spray pressure too high.

Clean.

Increase pressure (pressure valve).

Ensure hose is clean, undamaged, properly secured to inlet connection and the filter end is fully submerged.

Tighten.

Replace.

Clean.

Thin.

Decrease pressure.

Clean.

Adjust pressure to reduce flow; increase stroke speed; maintain correct spraying distance.

Maintain correct spraying distance.

Decrease pressure.

Paint finish uneven or surface not fully covered

Gun splutters during spraying

No inlet suction Inlet hose or filter blockage.

Too little material being applied.

Priming required. Prime pump.

Priming required.

Specifications

Electrical Requirements

Spray Tip

Max Liquid Flow Rate

High-Pressure Hose Length

Nozzle Extension Length

Inlet / Return Hose Length

Coating Types

240V/50Hz

517

1l/minute approximately

7.5m

43cm

Water-based paints; oil-based paints; latex; enamels; lacquers; varnishes; primers; stains; preservatives; and other non-abrasive materials

Adjust pressure to increase flow; reduce stroke speed; maintain correct spraying distance.

Clean.

Prime pump.

Page 21

Some experts believe the incorrect or prolonged use of almost any product could cause serious injury or death. For information that may reduce your risk of serious injury or death, consult the points below and additionally, the information available at www.datastreamserver.com/safety

• Consult all documentation, packaging and product labelling before use. Note that some products feature online documentation which should be printed and kept with the product.

• Check product for loose / broken / damaged / missing parts, wear or leaks (if applicable) before each use. Never use a product with loose / broken / damaged / missing parts, wear or leaks (if applicable).

• Products must be inspected and serviced (if applicable) by a qualified specialist every 6 months assum ing average residential use by a person of average weight and strength, above average technical aptitude, on a property matching average metropolitan specification. Intended use outside these guidelines could indicate the product is not suitable for intended use or may require more regular inspection or servicing.

• Ensure all possible users of the product have completed an industry recognized training course before being given access to the product.

• The product has been supplied by a general merchandise retailer that may not be familiar with your specific application or your description of the application. Be sure to attain third-party approval for your application from a qualified specialist before use regardless of prior assurances by the retailer or its representatives.

• This product is not intended for use where fail-safe operation is required. As with any product (take an automobile, aircraft, computer or ball point pen for example), there is always a small chance of technical issues that needs to be repaired or may require replacement of the product or a part. If the possibility of such failure and the associated time it takes to rectify could in any sit uatio n inconvenience the user, business or employee then the product is not suitable for your requirements. This product is not for use where incorrect operation or a failure of any kind, including but not limited to a condition requiring product return, replacement, service by a technician or replacement of parts could cause a financial loss, loss of employee time or an inconvenience requiring compensation.

• If this item has been purchased in error after considering the points above, simply contact the retailer directly for details of their returns policy, if required.

diagrams or images may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or

mechanical, including photocopying, scanning or recording, or any information storage and retrieval system,

without express permission or consent from the publisher.