Triton TargetPro User Manual

Using TargetPro

User’s Manual

Software documentation through 2.3

June 2004

This software is copyrighted and licensed for use on one computer per copy. Triton Elics International grants permission to the purchaser to make a limited number of copies of the program for backup purposes. Additional reproduction of the programs or this manual is a violation of the copyright law. The licensee is bound by the terms and conditions set forth in the Software License Agreement and Limited Warranty that accompanies this document.

Bathy Pro™, Isis

TriPort™, Q-MIPS™, VISTA™, TriCAS™, ROVFlight™, A-B™, and

Convert CD™, are trademarks of Triton Elics International, Inc.;

Isis

Sonar is a registered trademark of Triton Elics International, Inc.

The following are copyrights of their respective companies or organizations:

• WinRT Registry: BlueWater Systems

• HawkEye, Imagine 128: Number Nine Visual Technology Corp.

The following are trademarks and/or registered tradem arks of their respective companies or organizations:

• EXB-8500, EXB-8505XLI, EXB-8500C, EXB-8205: EXABYTE Corporation

• Windows, Windows NT, Windows 95, MS-DOS: Microsoft Corporation

• Pentium, MMX: Intel Corporation

• Adaptec AHA 1505 and AHA 2940: Adaptec, Inc.

• Klein 5000, Klein 2000, Klein 595: Klein Associates, Inc.

• DF-1000: EdgeTech

• Echoscan, Echotrac: Odom Hydrographic Systems, Inc.

• ADS-640, GSP-1086, EPC-9082: EPC Labs, Inc.

• Sentinel Scribe: Rainbow Technologies North America, Inc.

• mach64: ATI Technologies, Inc.

• HYPACK: Coastal Oceanographics, Inc.

• International Business Machines

• 1200C, DesignJet 650C: Hewlett-Packard

• 1086, 8300, 980x plotters: EPC

• TDU 1200, 850, 2000 plotters: Raytheon

• 195 (same as Dowty 195, Ultra 195 and Ultra 200): Waverley

• InstallShield: InstallShield Corporation

All other brand or product names mentioned in this manual are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective companies or organizations.

Sonar Pipeline, Delph Map®, Survey Office™, Hydro Suite™,

Safety Precautions

When working with the overall system

1. Before handling components inside your computer system, exit all applications and shut down the operating system in accordance with procedures applicable to them.

2. Turn off the power to the computer and disconnect all cables that may be feeding electrical power to the system you will be working on.

3. Wear a grounded, anti-static wrist-strap. This is especially important if you are removing, replacing, or installing a printed circuit board of any kind.

Failure to adhere to these and other safety precautions mentioned in the manual could result in harm to property or personnel!

When working with magneto-optical cartridge disks

Please adhere to the hardware and software

recautions mentioned below. In addition, observe all safety precautions mentioned in this manual.

• Please refer to the Appendix entitled “Mass Storage Options” for important details covering the handling of M-O disks!

• Never boot your system with a writable M-O cartridge inserted into the drive!

• Use magneto-optical media that has 512 bytes per sector, not 1024 bytes per sector, and use the AFDisk software utility to format magneto-optical media. Never use Windows 95 to format M-O media!

Triton Elics Internatonal

125 Westridge Drive

Watsonville, CA 95076

USA

U.S.A.

SOFTWARE LICENSE AGREEMENT

By opening this package, you agree to be bound by the terms of this Agreement, which include the software license and the limited warranty. This Agreement applies to you and any subsequent licensee of this software program. If you do not accept or agree to the terms of this Agreement, do not open this sealed package. Promptly return the unopened package to TRITON ELICS for a refund. However, no refund or replacement will be given if the sealed envelope containing the SOFTWARE Sentinel and Manual has been opened or if any of the components of the product (including the software sentinel) are missing. Grant of license for the software product and full title and ownership of the hardware product shall not transfer to the Buyer until the purchase price, plus any interest or fees resulting from late payments or pre-arranged terms, has been received in full by the Seller.

1. GRANT OF LICENSE: TRITON ELICS grants you the right to use the enclosed TRITON ELICS software product in the manner provided below. YOU MAY:

• Use one copy of the TRITON ELICS software products identified above on a single computer.

• Make one (1) copy of the program in machine-readable form solely for backup purposes, provided that you reproduce all proprietary notices.

• Transfer the SOFTWARE and user documentation on a permanent basis provided you retain no copies and the recipient agrees to the terms of this Agreement.

YOU MAY NOT:

1. Reverse engineer, decompile, modify or disassemble the SOFTWARE except to the extent such foregoing restriction is expressly prohibited by applicable law. Remove any proprietary notices, labels, or marks on the program, documentation, or program disk.

2. UPGRADES. SOFTWARE and documentation upgrades are provided free of charge for one year from the date of shipment. If the SOFTWARE is an upgrade, you may use or transfer the SOFTWARE only in conjunction with upgraded product. You may use that upgraded product only in accordance with this License.

3. COPYRIGHT. The SOFTWARE (including any images, “applets,” animations, video, audio, music, and text incorporated into the SOFTWARE) is owned by TRITON ELICS and is protected by United States copyright laws and international treaty provisions.

4. TECHNICAL SUPPORT. Technical Support is available by phone, fax, modem, Triton Elics bulletin board service or Internet free of charge during warranty period. MARISAT charges are invoiced at cost plus twenty percent.

5. EXPORT RESTRICTIONS. You agree that neither you nor your customers intends to or will, directly or indirectly, export or transmit the SOFTWARE or related documentation and technical data to any country to which such export or transmission is restricted by any applicable U.S. regulation or statute, without the prior written consent, if required, of the Bureau of Export Administration of the U.S. Department of Commerce, or such other governmental entity as may have jurisdiction over such export or transmission.

LIMITED WARRANTY

TRITON ELICS warrants that (a) the SOFTWARE will perform substantially in accordance with the accompanying written materials for a period of one (1) year from the date of shipment and (b) any hardware accompanying the SOFTWARE will be free from defects in materials and workmanship under normal use and service for a period of one (1) year from date of shipment. CUSTOMER REMEDIES. TRITON ELICS’s entire liability and your exclusive remedy shall be, at TRITON ELICS’s option, repair or replacement of the SOFTWARE or hardware that does not meet TRITON ELICS’s Limited Warranty. Warranty service is F.O.B. TRITON ELICS’s Watsonville facility. All shipping and insurance costs are paid by buyer. Onsite Customer Service and Warranty Repair (including travel hours, transportation, lodging and meals) may be provided by TRITON ELICS, at its own discretion, to Buyer at cost plus twenty percent. However, actual labor hours to provide this service or repair will be free of charge to Buyer. This Limited Warranty is void if failure of the SOFTWARE or hardware has resulted from accident, abuse, or misapplication. Any replacement SOFTWARE or hardware will be warranted for the remainder of the original warranty period or thirty (30) days, whichever is longer. NO OTHER WARRANTIES. Except for the above express limited warranties, TRITON ELICS makes no warranties, expressed, implied, statutory, or in any communication with you, and TRITON ELICS specifically disclaims any implied warranty of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose. TRITON ELICS does not warrant that the operation of the program will be uninterrupted or error free. Some states/jurisdictions do not allow the

exclusion of implied warranties, so the above exclusions may not apply to you. This limited warranty gives you specific legal rights. You may have others, which vary from state/jurisdiction to state/jurisdiction. NO LIABILITY FOR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES. To the maximum extent permitted by applicable law, in no event shall TRITON ELICS be liable for any damages whatsoever (including, without limitation, damages for loss of business profits, business interruption, loss of business information, or any other pecuniary loss) arising out of the use of or inability to use this TRITON ELICS product, even if TRITON ELICS has been advised of the possibility of such damages. Because some states/ jurisdictions do not allow the exclusion or limitation of liability for consequential or incidental damages, the above limitation may not apply to you. U.S. GOVERNMENT RESTRICTED RIGHTS. The SOFTWARE and documentation are provided with RESTRICTED RIGHTS. Use, duplication, or disclosure by the Government is subject to restrictions as set forth in subparagraph (c) (1) and (ii) of the Rights in Technical Data and Computer Software clause at DFARS 252.227-7013 or subparagraphs (c) (1) and (2) of the Commercial Computer Software—Restricted Rights at 48 CFR

52.227-19, as applicable. Manufacturer is Triton Elics International, Inc., 125 Westridge Drive, Watsonville, CA 95076. If you acquired this product in the United States, this Agreement is governed by the laws of California. If this product was acquired outside the United States, then local law may apply.

TRITON ELICS INTERNATIONAL SOFTWARE LICENSE AGREEMENT AND LIMITED WARRANTY

CHAPTER 1: OVERVIEW OF THE SOFTWARE

1.1 SOFTWARE ARCHITECTURE

1.1.1 What is TargetPro?

1.1.2 What File Types Can TargetPro Read?

1.1.3 What File Types Can TargetPro Write?

1.1.4 What Formats Are Best for Exporting?

1.2 SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS

1.3 SOFTWARE INSTALLATION

1.3.1 Installing a Hardware Dongle

1.3.2 Installing TargetPro

1.4 UPGRADING TO A NEW RELEASE OF SOFTWARE

CHAPTER 2: USING TARGETPRO

2.1 RUNNING TARGETPRO

2.2 OPENING A FILE

2.3 UNDERSTANDING TARGETPRO'S WINDOWS

2.3.1 Repositoning displayed child windows

2.4 ICONS ON THE TASKBAR

2.5 PAN AND DISPLAY ONLY PROPERTIES WINDOW

2.5.1 The Pan Window

2.5.2 The Display-Only Properties Window

CHAPTER 3: MEASURING A CONTACT

3.1 LENGTH

3.1.1 Length Adjust

3.1.2 Length Rotation

1 1 1 1 2 2 3 3 6 6 6

8 8

9 11 12 15 19 20 20

22 22 22 23

3.1.3 Beam Width 24

3.1.4 Number of Pings

3.2 WIDTH

3.2.1 Width Adjust

3.2.2 Width Rotation

3.3 HEIGHT

3.4 GENERAL DIRECTIONS FOR OBJECT MENSURATION

3.4.1 Measure Distance

3.4.2 Measure Object Echo-Shadow (Tied)

3.4.3 Measure Object Length

3.4.4 Measure Object Echo

3.4.5 Measure Object Shadow

3.5 OBJECT DETECTION

3.5.1 Configuring Object Measurement

CHAPTER 4: OBJECT MODIFICATION AND CLASSIFICATION

4.1 THE ELECTRONIC LIGHT TABLE

4.1.1 The Histogram Window

4.1.2 The Statistics Area

4.1.3 The Rotation/Cropping Area

4.1.4 The Image Processing Area

4.1.5 The Color Processing Area

4.1.6 The Audit Trail Area

4.1.7 Apply to Large Image, Undu Large Image and Close

4.1.8 Annotate

4.2 CLASSIFYING A TARGET

4.3 GEOCORRECTING A CONTACT OR TARGET IMAGE

4.4 SETTING AND VIEWING TARGET IDENTIFICATION

24 25 25 25 26 27 28 28 29 30 30 31 32

33 33 34 35 35 36 38 39 39 40 40 43 47

4.4.1 Setting a Contact Number 47

CHAPTER 5: TARGETPRO MENU

5.1 THE FILE MENU

5.2 THE EDIT MENU

5.3 THE TOOLS MENU

5.3.1 Configuring to Display Data

5.3.2 RAMP Support

5.3.3 Inspecting TAG 270 Information

5.4 THE WINDOW MENU

5.5 THE VIEW MENU

5.6 THE HELP MENU

49 54 54 55 59 60 63 63 64

CHAPTER 6: TROUBLESHOOTING

ADDENDUM: The Effect of Speed Correction on Images from TargetPro and Target

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Chapter 1: Overview of the Software

1.1 Software Architecture

1.1.1 What is TargetPro?

TargetPro is a software module included with Isis sonar from Triton Elics International, Inc. TargetPro is also sold as a separate, standalone utility.

If you have the Isis Sonar software (also from Triton Elics International), you can use TargetPro to take snapshots of selective areas of your data imagery that may be of interest to you. When TargetPro takes a snapshot of an image, TargetPro also logs the quantitative data (geocoding, contact mensuration) associated with the original data imagery from which the image came.

You can then save these small images as files independent of the original data imagery. Furthermore, you can then recall the image in Isis without having to play back the entire data imagery that contained the selected image – or you can have Isis play back the image in the larger context of your data imagery, in case youwant to see the area surrounding the selected image.

Even if you don’t have Isis, you can still use TargetPro to view and modify a wide variety of images, including images that were created by someone else who did have Isis. Finally, you can run TargetPro from DelphMap as a utility for viewing and modifying files known to TargetPro.

1.1.2 What File Types Can TargetPro Read?

TargetPro can open (read) these file types:

• Contact (TEI proprietary *.CON files)

• Target (TEI proprietary *.TGT files)

• ESC image (*.TIF or *.TIFF files, with Tag 270 information in them)

• Pulse Code Modulation image (*.PCM, which are compressed ESC

image files)

• Joint Photographic Experts Group (*.JPEG and *.JPG files)

• Compuserve Portable Network Graphic (*.PNG files)

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• Microsoft Windows Paint (*.PCX files, which support color as well as black and white)

• Microsoft Windows Bitmap (*.BMP files)

• Microsoft Windows Metafile (*.WMF files)

• Enhanced Metafile (*.EMF files)

1.1.3 What File Types Can TargetPro Write?

TargetPro can write (save) files into many file fortmats: LEAD (1,8,24); JPEG (8,12,16,24); CALS 1-bit; Cserve PNG (1,8,24);

DICOM DIC (8,16,24); FAX (raw); EPS; EXIF; FPX (8,24); GEM 1-bit; GIF (1-8); IOCA; MODCA (Raw IOCA); Mac PICT (1,4,8,24); MacPaint 1-bit; MS FAX (AWD); MS Paint; OS/2 BMP (1,4,8,24); PCX (1,4,8,24); PSD (1,8,24); SUN Ras (1,4,8,24,32); TGA 8,16,24,32); TIF (1-8,12,16,24,32); Win BMP (1,4,8,16,24,32); Winfax; WMF (8,24); EMF (8,24); WPG (1,4,8); Win lco (1,4,8); Win Cur 1-bit.

In the preceding list, the numbers in parentheses are the number of bits supported for the named formats. Note, however, that TargetPro cannot save PCM images as PCM images; that format can only be saved in TargetPro as a non-PCM format file, such as TIFF.

1.1.4 What Formats Are Best for Exporting?

If you’re going to export an image from TargetPro and then use that image in another application, you may want to save your image in a format that offers the most support in the application that will receive the imported image. At present, the best formats for saving TargetPro images to be used in other applications are (in alphabetical order):

• BMP (24-bit)

• GIF (8-bit, 89a non-interlaced)

• JPG (24-bit progressive)

• PCX (24-bit, version5)

• PSD (24-bit PhotoShop file)

• TIF (24-bit)

The 24-bit formats are the only ones to support exporting the image in color. All formats other than 24-bit will be in gray scale.

Note: The 24-bit TIF and BMP file formats are lossless. This is desirable, since lossless formats retain all information even if you later compress or enlarge the image.

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1.2 System Requirements

You need the following:

• A Pentium-class personal computer running Windows NT, Windows 2000, or Windows XP.

• At least 32 MB of RAM.

• A software license from Triton Elics International to use the product. (The

license comes with TargetPro when you buy it.)

• A hardware dongle that has been programmed to recognize TargetPro.

• A computer monitor capable of displaying true 24-bit color images

(potentially 16,777,216 colors.) You could use a monitor that supports fewer colors, but the results won’t be as good as they would be on a monitor that can support 24-bit color images. Also, so that you can see all of the application’s working area, your monitor must be set to at least:

 1280 X 1024 pixels if you are using large fonts, or  1152 X 864 pixels if you are using small fonts

Before you can use TargetPro, you must install the TargetPro software using InstallShield, and you must attach a properly configured dongle to your computer to access the program.

1.3 Software Installation

Typical software installation CD will contain folders like the ones depicted in the Windows Explorer layout. (See the figure, “Typical listing of TEI software installation folders’.)

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Figure 1. Typical listing of TEI software installation folders.

TEI software is compatible with Windows NT 4.0, Windows 2000, and Windows XP. The following notes will help you achieve a smooth installation of the software.

• Please exit from all other applications before running any of the installation programs.

• You will not be able to complete the installation on an NT4.0 or Windows 2000 system if you do not have administrator’s rights. All Isis “black boxes” ship with a user name Isis. In this case the Isis user name has administrator’s rights and does not require a password.

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• Each application is installed by browsing to the appropriate folder (for example, Isis5.50 Install) on the CD and double-clicking on the SETUP.EXE file found in that folder.

• TEI recommends that if you have more than one hard drive, you install the software on the second (usually the D:) drive, using the default folder names on the CD. You will be given the option to select any drive during the setup process, select the Custom option and change the drive letter.

• The first installation on an NT4.0 system requires a re-boot during the installation; however, this only occurs for the first installation. Under Windows 2000 and Windows XP, no rebooting is necessary installation process. However, you

must reboot the system after

installing under Windows NT 4.0.

• For each application, a number of sample data files can be optionally installed. These files will reside in a subfolder called Demo Files within each application’s main folder. These special files can be played back or processed by the relevant TEI applications without a TEI sentinel being installed. If no sentinel (dongle) is attached, a message displays, indicating either that a sentinel was not found or that the sentinel is damaged. However, you can still play back the sample files that come from the CD.

• In order to run the software in acquisition mode, or to play back or process other files, you will need a TEI sentinel attached to the LPT1 printer port. Contact TEI if you need a sentinel.

• If the operating system is Windows NT 4.0 or Windows 2000, you will need to install a sentinel driver. The driver is included on the CD in the Sentinel folder; a text file, with installation instructions, is in that folder. The driver is

not required under Windows 95 or Windows 98.

• In the case of Windows NT 4.0, Service Pack 5 (or higher) needs to be installed. Service Pack 5 is on the CD.

• The TEI manuals that are installed with the software are in Adobe Acrobat PDF format. Acrobat Reader software (required to read the PDF files) is also on the CD.

• The CD has a number of other folders containing drivers and applications that could be required; each folder has a text file with more information.

• To remove the software, use the Add/Remove Programs utility in the Windows Control Panel collection of utilities.

• The installations make two changes which are not restored when the programs are removed using Add/Remove Programs. They are:

during the

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 The addition of a folder called [TEIdlls] in the Windows, Win95 or

WINNT folder, and

 a modification to the PATH environment variable which adds the

[‘TEIdlls] folder to the PATH. The [TEIdlls] folder can be safely deleted after all TEI software has been removed.

1.3.1 Installing a Hardware Dongle

A hardware dongle comes with TargetPro. The dongle permits TargetPro to run after the software is installed.

To install the dongle, plug in the male end of the dongle to the female end of a serial port on your computer.

1.3.2 Installing TargetPro

Triton Elics Int ships TargetPro with a utility used to install the product for you. From the distribution medium made available to you from Triton Elics Int, find the file called install utility InstallShield. Respond to any InstallShield prompts, as may be needed; let InstallShield guide you in the installation. When InstallShield finished, the installation is complete, and TargetPro is ready to run.

setup.exe and double-click it. The system runs the

1.4 Upgrading to New Releases of Software

If you already have a version of the software that you wish to upgrade on your system you will see a dialog box inviting you to modify, repair, or remove the software you intend to install. See the figure, ‘Modify, Repair, Remove choices during installation’ for an example of this kind of dialog box.

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Figure 2. Modify, Repair, Remove choices during installation.

You will need to remove the old version of the software before you will be permitted to install the new version. To do so, enable the Remove button in the dialog box and click Next. You can then install the new version by rerunning setup.exe As noted above, some items are deliberately not removed during the uninstall process; doing so can cause problems. If necessary, manually delete the \TEIdlls folder, but only do this if you are going to re-install all TEI applications.

Important Note: The Windows Installer will fail to uninstall the software if the operating system has been upgraded from (for example) Windows 98 to Windows 2000 after the TEI applications were installed. If you want to upgrade your operating system, uninstall the TEI programs first, and then re-install the TEI programs after the upgrade.

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Chapter 2: Using TargetPro

If you’ve installed the TargetPro software and have it running, you can use it to open CON (contact) or TGT (target) fields, enhance them, and save the changed files. This chapter explains how to do that. You can then save these small images as files independent of the original data imagery. You can then recall the image in Isis without having to playback the entire data imagery that contained the selected image – or you can have Isis playback the image in the larger context of your data imagery, in case you want to see the area surrounding the selected image.

2.1 Running TargetPro

You can run TargetPro in a number of ways, shown next. Choose a convenient method.

To run TargetPro, double-click on the TargetPro icon in the Triton group (Microsoft Windows), or

• From Isis, configure for TargetPro availability (Tools → Target Setup…),

and then double-click the left trackball button while imagery is scrolling in an Isis waterfall window to put a contact in the TargetPro working window.

TargetPro runs and displays its initial screen (Figure 3). Moreover, if you have run TargetPro before, TargetPro remember the overall size and position of the application window as it was when you last used it.

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Figure 3. Initial screen (empty) after first running TargetPro.

Because you have not yet opened a file for TargetPro to display, the Main Working Area of the initial TargetPro screen, as well as any smaller child windows that may be present, are empty of information. See ‘Understanding TargetPro’s Windows’ for an explanation of the various parts of the application’s overall window.

2.2 Opening a File

As noted earlier, you can work with any file types in TargetPro:

• Contact (TEI proprietary *.CON files)

• Target (TEI proprietary *.TGT files)

• ESC Image (*.TIF or *.TIFF files, with Tag 270 information in them)

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• PCM Image (*.PCM, which are compressed ESC image files)

• Joint Photographic Experts Group (*.JPEG and *.JPG files)

• CompuServe Portable Network Graphic (*.PNG files)

• Microsoft Windows Paint (*.PCX files, which support color as well as

black and white)

• Microsoft Windows Bitmap (*.BMP files)

• Microsoft Windows Metafile (*.WMF files)

• Enhanced Metafile (*.EMF files)

Those are the only file types that can be opened in TargetPro. If your contact (CON) or target (TGT) files have been saved as digitized lines and/or polygons, then TargetPro will display them that way.

To open a file TargetPro can recognize, do any of the following:

• From TargetPro’s main menu, choose File→Open,

• Press <CTRL>+<O>,

• Press [Insert],

• On the taskbar click the Open icon:

Any of those actions displays a standard Windows-based dialog box where you can specify a file to pen. A typical file opened in TargetPro looks like the sample shown in Figure 4.

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Figure 4. Typical file opened in TargetPro

After a file has been opened, the original list of menu items (File, Edit, Tools, View and Help) expands to include two additional menu choices: Object and Window.

2.3 Understanding TargetPro’s Windows

Initially TargetPro displays these windows and working areas:

• the Pan window

• the Display-Only Properties window

• the main display area for viewing opened files

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• the Cursor Status window

• taskbar icons

• Status Bar

In the taskbar area, all icons except for the Open icon and the About icon are grayed out and unavailable until you open a file in TargetPro. All icons are explained in “Icons on the Taskbar”.

If you double-click on any of the windows (except for the main display area), the system displays the windows’ title bars and reveals their identities (Figure 3). Note that the windows still lack information in them because you have not yet opened a file in TargetPro. The two windows (Pan and Display-Only Properties windows) are explained later on.

The Status Bar, where on-going and current status is displayed, is a narrow strip at the bottom of the TargetPro window (Figure 3).

2.3.1 Repositioning displayed child windows

To reposition a displayed child window, double-click in the child window to expose the windows title bar. Then, click in the title bar and drag the window to the new position.

To return an undocked window to its original position, double-click in the child window and the window moves back to its initial position.

All windows except the Main Display Area are child windows of TargetPro. You can close or open the child windows from the View menu listed above the Taskbar icons. The Main Display Area is not redockable (movable).

The individual windows are:

Pan Window. The black window near the upper left corner is a thumbnail

window for the currently active, opened TargetPro image, if any is present. This window is known as the Pan Window. See ‘Pan and Display-Only Properties Windows’ for more detailed information on this window.

Display-Only Properties Window. This child window contains four

independent controls for adjusting an image’s brightness, contrast, gamma,

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and threshold. See ‘Pan and Display-Only Properties Windows’ for more detailed information on this window.

Cursor Status Area. The rightmost area contains three panels of attribute

fields that may show information when you open a file in TargetPro, depending on the type of navigation data and other attributes that may have been present in the opened file prior to opening. Within the Cursor Status Area, information is arranged in three panels:

• Cursor Panel

• Target-Debris Panel (or Target – Not Classified, if your opened file is not

a target or contact type of file)

• Towfish Panel

The fields in these three groups are explained in Table 1.

Status Bar. When you open a TargetPro file and that file has the active

focus, text identifying key properties of that file (such as file name, number of pixels in the x and y axes, file size, zoom level, etc.) appear here.

TABLE 1. Table One: Fields in the Cursor Status window

Parent Panel for Attributes

Cursor

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Attribute Field Name and Explanation

Date: This is the Julian date the data were recorded. Time: This is the time (hh:mm:ss) the data were recorded. Latitude: These are the degrees north or south of the equator as measured from the point of the trackball pointer when the contact was made. The heading of this field changes to Northings if the data were recorded that way. Longitude: These are the degrees east or west of the meridian as measured from the point of the trackball pointer when the contact was made. The heading of this field changes to Eastings if the data were recorded that way. Ping: The nth consecutive ping (shot) of the recorded data at the point where the trackball pointer was placed when the Target contact was created. KP: Kilometers of Pipe or Kilometer Posting. Measure of distance along a pipe or pipeline route. Range: This is the range from the towfish to the current point, either the cursor or the object being measured.

June 2004 TargetPro™ User's Manual

Distance: This is the distance between the end-points of the rubber-band line drawn from one contact to another. Pixel: This displays the x (x-axis coordinate), y (y-axis coordinate), and z data (intensity) of any pixel in the displayed image.

Target – Debris (or Target – Not Classified for non-contact files)

Latitude: Degrees north or south of the equator. This changes to Northings if the data were recorded that way Longitude: Degrees east or west of the meridian. This changes to Eastings if the data were recorded that way. Range: This is the range from the towfish to the current point, either the cursor or the object being measured. Width: Across-track distance of mensuration. Length: Along-track distance of mensuration. Height: Height is how far an object stands above the seabed. Height computation uses the length (width in across-track) of the shadow, distance of the object from the towfish, and the towfish altitude. Depth: This is the vertical distance the target is from the sea surface. Pings: Number of pings traversed by a drawn line. Also see ‘Number of Pings’. Beam W.: Width of the beam at a specific range distance. This parameter is updated with any length measurements. Also see ‘Beam Width’.

Target – Debris (or Target – Not Classified for non-contact files, cont’d)

L.Rot. (Length Rotation) Rotation angle of the length line relative to a horizontal line. Angle is computed from a horizontal line. Also see ‘Length Rotation’ on page 28. L.Adj. (Length Adjust) is the difference between the length of a line and its along-track length. In the case of a slanted line, length is derived from the vertical component of the line, and the L.Adj. measures the difference between the length of the line and the along-track length. Also see ‘Length Adjust’. W.Adj. (Width Adjust) is the difference between the length of the line and the across-track width. Also see ‘Width Adjust’. W.Rot. (Width Rotation) Rotation angle of the width line relative to a horizontal line.

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Towfish

Range: This is the range from the towfish to the current point, either the cursor or the object being measured. Speed: This is the towfish’s speed. Altitude: This is the vertical distance the towfish is from the seafloor at nadir. Depth: This is the vertical distance the towfish is from the sea surface. Note: altitude + depth = total water column depth

Heading: With respect to standard compass bearings, this is the direction, in decimal degrees, in which the towfish is pointed. Beam: This is the horizontal beam angle of the sidescan sonar.

2.4 Icons on the Taskbar

Immediately underneath the menu list is the TargetPro taskbar of icons. They are shown in Figures 5 and 6. Several of the icons have to do with operating the cursor, or trackball pointer in the program. Additional icons are associated with the Measurement Tool and the Zoom Tool. Tool Tips are attached to each icon, and each icon has a menu equivalent in the Tools menu.

Group One Group Two

Standard Windows Zoom and Pan Windows

Figure 5. Groups One and Two of TargetPro’s taskbar icons

Group Three Group Four

Image Management Measurement Pointer Types

Figure 6. Groups Three and Four of TargetPro’s taskbar icons.

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For space reasons, the icons appear in this book in two rows. In the TargetPro program, the icons are laid out in a single row. Most icons are grayed out until a contact image is opened. All icons become visible when an image is opened and as long as the Cursor Tool icon remains clicked. (The Paste icon will be grayed out if there is nothing in the Windows Clipboard.) All choices within an icon group are mutually exclusive; you can perform only one function at a time from a group. Icons in Groups Two, Three and Four are unique to TargetPro. All the icons are explained in the next few tables.

TABLE 2. Group Two: Standard Icons

Open icon. Click this to get a dialog box where you can specify a file to

open from TargetPro’s combo box. This icon is equivalent to choosing

File →Open from the main menu. The equivalent keyboard shortcut is

Copy icon. Click this to copy the currently displayed target contact to the Windows Clipboard. Menu equivalent: Edit →Copy. The equivalent key-

board shortcut is <CTRL>+<C>

Paste icon. Click this to get a dialog box where you can choose a type of

image to paste: ESC (Electronic Still Camera images as TIFF files having the Tag 270 attribute), Generic Image, Contact File, or Target. Menu

equivalent: Edit →Paste. The equivalent keyboard shortcut is

Print icon. Click this to get the standard Windows Print dialog box from

which you can print the currently displayed image. Menu equivalent:

File→Print. The equivalent keyboard shortcut is <CTRL>+<P>

About icon. Click this to see the About TargetPro information box. The

box reveals the program’s name, version number, date compiled, Copyright date, and the icon associated with the program. There is no equivalent keyboard shortcut.

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TABLE 3. Group Three: Zoom and Pan Icons

Fit to Window. Fills the current display area, out to the nearest border,

with the contents of the image. The aspect ratio of the image is preserved.

Zoom In. Enlarges the size of the displayed image by some amount.

The aspect ratio of the image is preserved.

Zoom Out. Reduces the size of the displayed image by some amount.

The aspect ratio of the image is preserved.

Zoom Rectangle. Allows you to drag your pointer across and up (or

down) the image to define a rectangle which becomes an area to frame the displayed image

Fit Width. The image enlarges until the left and right edges of the image

have reached the left and right edges of the current display area. The aspect ratio of the image is preserved.

Fit Height. When this icon is clicked, the image enlarges until the top

and bottom edges of the image have reached the top and bottom edges of the current display area. There is no menu equivalent. The aspect ratio of the image is preserved.

Linear Zoom. Creates a new image by averaging adjacent pixels.

Cubic Zoom. Minimizes the raggedness by using interpolation which

estimates how the “missing pixels” should appear. Then fills them with the appropriate color

Pan Image. Your pointer changes to the shape of a red hand. You can

move a contact image around in the main display area to visually observe different areas of interest in the image. The image is not zoomed. The menu equivalent is Tools →Pan Image.

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TABLE 4. Group Four: Image Management Icons

Measurement Tool. When selected, this icon enables five more icons

specific to mensuration when you select Measurement Tool (see Table 4, ‘Group Four: Measurement Pointer Icons,’ on page 24.)

Display ELT. Summons the Electronic Light Table dialog box where you

can modify (enhance) several aspects of the existing contact image. Menu equivalent: Tools →ELT (see ‘The Electronic Light Table’ on page

37.

Geometrically Correct Image. This icon launches the Geometrical

Correction Parameters dialog box, a tool for correcting distortion caused by the compression of images during a recording session. Menu equivalent: Tools  Geocorrect (see ‘Geocorrecting a Contact or Target Image’).

Annotate. Clicking this icon (or choosing Tools  Annotate from the main

menu) summons a dialog box where you can inspect text that may have been typed at an earlier time. You can modify this text or type new text. If you click OK, any text that may be present here will then be associated as an annotation to the currently displayed con file. The annotation will be available for the currently displayed con file whenever that file is opened. The keyboard shortcut is <F2>.

TAG270. If you opened a TIFF file containing Tag 270 information, this

icon becomes available. Clicking it causes the TAG270 Information dialog box to be displayed. This icon has no menu equivalent. For images not containing Tag 270 TIFF information, this icon is grayed out and unavailable

Reverse Palette. Inverts the order of the displayed colors (for example,

black becomes white and white becomes black, etc.)

Object Detection. Clicking this icon summons the Object Detection

dialog, where TargetPro will automatically detect objects using variations in amplitude of the image.

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TABLE 5. Group Five: Measurement Pointer Icons

Note: The Measurement Tool (see Table 3, ‘Group Three: Image Management Icons’) must first be selected before you can choose a measurement type. Rightclicking in imagery reveals a menu of equivalents.

Measure Distance: When this measurement pointer type is selected,

you can draw a straight line in any direction across the image. The length of that line is reported as a distance value in the Cursor Status Panel

Object Echo-Shadow: Use this measurement pointer tool to find the

height of an object in the imagery.

Object Length: Use this measurement pointer tool to find the along-

track distance of an object in the imagery.

Object Echo: Use this measurement pointer tool to find the across-

track distance of an object in the imagery.

Object Shadow: Use this measurement pointer tool to find the

across-track distance of an object’s shadow in the imagery.

2.5 Pan and Display Only Properties Windows

The two leftmost child windows, the Pan window and the Display-Only Properties window, control image panning and three basic image properties. You can move these windows around and reposition them (“redocking” windows) to suit your own needs – even outside the borders of the TargetPro application window, if you so desire. See ‘Understanding TargetPro’s Windows’ for the repositioning methods and sample screens.

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2.5.1 The Pan Window

The small, redockable Pan window acts as a visual aid to show you what part of the total image is being displayed in the larger main display window, rather like being able to see the forest from the trees, as the saying goes. Figure 3 shows an example of this. Initially, the area indicated in the Pan window is the same as the area covered in the main display window, and the Pan window has a thin red line around the Pan window. This is the default for a newly opened TargetPro file.

To use the TargetPro Pan window, follow these steps:

1. Select the Pan Image tool. The trackball’s or mouse’s pointer changes to the same shape as the icon (a hand)

2. Move the pointer over the image in the main display area.

3. Click and drag the image in a desired direction.

As you drag, the rectangle surrounding the Pan window moves to show which parts of the image in the main display are actively displayed. Notice that the size of the rectangle adjusts to reflect the change. The overall size of the image in the Pan window remains the same, thereby showing the contact’s context.

2.5.2 The Display-Only Properties Window

This redockable child window contains three independent controls for adjusting an image’s brightness, contrast and gamma. These are controls of convenience, not precision. If you slide any of these slider bars, you will notice that there are no numerical values displayed. These slider bars are there so that you can make some quick, temporary and rough changes to the images to get an idea what the effects might be like. For precise changes to your imagery, use the Electronic Light Table function (see ‘The Electronic Light Table’).

• Brightness, which affects the brightness of the image. Sliding the brightness indicator to the right along the bar increases brightness; sliding it to the left decreases brightness. The midpoint position represents no applied intensity, which is the default.

• Contrast, which affects the dynamic range of the dark and light parts of an image. Sliding the contrast indicator to the right along the bar increases the image’s contrast. This results in a larger standard

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deviation between the dark and light parts of an image. Sliding the contrast indicator to the left along the bar decreases the image’s contrast. This results in a smaller standard deviation between dark and light parts of an image. The midpoint position represents no applied contrast, which is the default.

• Gamma, which is a way of logarithmically compensating for low intensity pixels that may be present in some images. Only low intensity pixels are affected. Sliding the bar to the right increases the gamma index for the image; sliding it to the left decreases it. The midpoint of the scale represents no gamma applied.

Threshold, which acts upon the current contrast setting, can be used to adjust the level of contrast stretching. When the slider control is positioned at the left side of the bar, no thresholding is applied. Maximum thresholding of the contrast is applied when the slider control is at the far right side of the bar.

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Chapter 3: Measuring a Contact

You can measure, or mensurate, any part of a displayed contact. After a contact is mensurated, you can read the values for measured distance in the Target – Debris fields of the Cursor Status window.

Mensuration occurs in three dimensions: length, width and height. You use TargetPro’s Measurement Tool icon on the toolbar (shown here at the side of the page) to get a contact’s measurements. Additional, related icons become available upon activating this icon.

3.1 Length

Length is the along-track ground distance between the start and end points of a line drawn by the user, taking into account the beam’s width (see ‘Beam Width’).

Four secondary aspects of contact measurement are associated with Length: Length Adjust, Length Rotation, Beam Width and Number of Pings. Fields for these secondary aspects are found in TargetPro’s Cursor Status Area.

The Measurement Tool’s Object Length function (shown here at the side of the page) is used to draw the line.

3.1.1 Length Adjust

(L Adj.) is the difference between the length of the line and the along-track length. Figure 7 shows the relationships.

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Figure 7. Length Adjust concept and relationship to length and line

3.1.2 Length Rotation

(L Rot.) is the rotation angle of the drawn line. This angle is relative to the horizontal line of the across-track vector. As indicated in Figure 8, angles above the imaginary horizontal line are positive (>0); angles below the imaginary horizontal line are negative (<0). The angle’s value is not computed in the bitmap space but is based on real ground distances (that is, the angle value takes into account that the scale is different in the alongtrack and across-track direction).

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Figure 8. Length Rotation angle sign conventions

3.1.3 Beam Width

(Beam W.) is the width of the beam in ground distance at a specific

range. Figure 9 demonstrates the concept.

Figure 9. Top view of four beam widths at four arbitrary ranges

3.1.4 Number of Pings

(Pings) Number of pings in the Cursor Status Area) traversed by the drawn line.

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3.2 Width

Width is the across-track ground distance between the start and end points of a drawn line. The Measurement Tool’s Object Echo function (shown here at the side of the page is

Two secondary aspects of contact measurement are associated with Width: Width Adjust and Width Rotation. Fields for these secondary aspects are found in TargetPro’s Cursor Status Area.

3.2.1 Width Adjust

(W. Adj) is the difference between the length of the line and the across-track distance (see below).

sued to draw the line.

Figure 10. Width Adjust derived from line distance and width

3.2.2 Width Rotation

(W.Rot.) is the rotation angle of the width line relative to a horizontal line.

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3.3 Height

Height is the magnitude to which an object stands above the seabed. The Measurement Tool’s Object Shadow function (shown here at the side of the page) is used to

Such objects cast an acoustic shadow on the side facing away from the towfish. The length (or across-track width) of this shadow can be used in combination with the fish altitude and horizontal distance from the fish to derive height information. The computational method assumes that the target is a thin, vertical object. As such, the height formula is:

draw a line in imagery.

Height = FishAlt * L1/(L1 + L2)

Figure 11. Height from fish altitude, shadow lengths and distances

Note: The shadow occurs on the left of the contact for a port channel and on the right of the contact for a starboard channel.

A negative range in the Cursor Status window indicates a port-side i mage, and a positive range indicates a starboard-side image. A separation of the shadow from the contact indicates that the contact is moored (that is, not in contact with the seabed).

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3.4 General Directions for Object Mensuration

1. Activate Measurement Tool (choose Tools→Measure from the main menu or the Measurement Tool icon, pictured on Table 4, ‘Group Four: Image Management Icons,’ from the taskbar of icons).

2. The system displays a set of mensuration icons on the taskbar, and your pointer changes to a canted arrow with tick marks (hash marks) under it.

3. Choose a mensuration method either by selecting one of the mensuration icons or by right-clicking in your imagery to reveal a menu of mensuration choices as shown in Figure 12. (The left-to-right lineup of mensuration icons corresponds to the top-to-bottom choices in the submenu.)

4. Draw your line by traversing the desired distance or area to be measured, releasing your pointer, and finally left-clicking again to complete the line.

→

FIGURE 12. Measurement Tool menu choices (from Tools

A line representing the type of mensuration technique you performed is drawn in your imagery. Reading from left to right in the set of mensuration icons, the color schemes for each type of mensuration line is as follows:

• Measure Distance: red

• Object Echo-Shadow: green

• Object Length: purple (magenta)

• Object Echo: green

• Object Shadow: cyan

At the same time that your measured line appears in the imagery, the metrics for that line appear in a related field of TargetPro’s Cursor panel.

The different ways of mensurating with the Measurement Tool are explained next.

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Measure)

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3.4.1 Measure Distance

Use this method to mensurate a distance in your imagery. A distance can cover any part or all of your imagery in any direction and does not have to start and stop at the boundaries of objects.

To measure distance in your imagery, do the following:

1. Activate the Measurement Tool (choose Tools→ Measure from the main menu or the Measurement Tool icon from the taskbar of icons).

2. Choose the Measure Distance method of mensuration.

3. Starting from some visual point of interest, hold down the mouse or trackball button and drag in some direction.

4. As you do, a red line is drawn.

5. Stop dragging and left-click the mouse or trackball again.

6. A red line is completed. The red line is completed. The length of this line is the distance, and is reported in the Grid Dist. field of the Cursor Status window.

3.4.2 Measure Object Echo-Shadow (Tied)

In this method of mensuration the initial ping selection is maintained (held constant) during echo-shadow definition. Also, the end of the measured echo automatically becomes the start of the shadow in this mode.

To measure an object’s echo and shadow together, do the following:

1. Activate the Measurement Tool (choose Tools→Measure from the main menu or the Measurement Tool icon from the taskbar of icons).

2. Choose the Measure Object Echo-Shadow (Tied) method of mensuration.

3. Starting from a point on the object closest to the survey vessel’ s vector, drag your pointer along the object across-track; release your pointer when the drawn line reaches the other side to be measured, where the shadow begins.

4. The system displays a green line across the measured object’s echo (width).

5. Continue dragging your pointer in the same direction as you were going in step #3.

6. The system displays a blue line across the measured object’s shadow (height).

Figure 13 shows an example of this.

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Figure 13. Measure Object Echo-Shadow (Tied) Example with Data

In the example, the green line is the object’s width (reported as 9.15m in the Width field), and the blue line is the object’s shadow (4.42m in the Height field).

3.4.3 Measure Object Length

Use this mensuration function to measure a contact’s length.

To measure an object’s length, do the following:

1. Activate the Measurement Tool (choose Tools→Measure from the main menu or the Measurement Tool icon from the taskbar of icons).

2. Choose the Measure Object Length method of mensuration.

3. Drag your pointer over the contact in the along-track direction. The system draws a magenta line.

4. When you have finished measuring, left-click once to end the line.

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A drawn, magenta line is completed. This is the object’s length. TargetPro also quantitatively states the contact’s length in the Length field of the Target-Debris fields of the Cursor Status window.

3.4.4 Measure Object Echo

Use this mensuration function to measure a contact’s width.

To measure a contact’s width, do the following:

1. Activate the Measurement Tool (choose Tools→Measure from the main menu or the Measurement Tool icon from the taskbar of icons).

2. Choose the Measure Object Echo method of mensuration.

3. Drag your pointer over the contact in the across-track direction. The system draws a green line.

4. When you have finished measuring, left-click once to end the line.

The line drawn is green when completed. TargetPro also quantitatively states the contact’s width in the Width field of the Target-Debris portion of the Cursor Status window.

3.4.5 Measure Object Shadow

Use this mensuration function to measure an object’s shadow or height.

To measure a contact’s shadow, do the following:

1. Drag across a contact’s shadow. The system draws a cyan line.

2. When you have finished measuring, left-click once to end the line.

The line drawn is cyan when completed. TargetPro also quantitatively states the contact’s height in the Height field of the Target-Debris portion of the Cursor Status window.

A fully mensurated contact might look like the sample shown in Figure 14. The data for that mensurated sample are shown in Figure 14, to show you typical values that can appear in Target-Debris fields of the Cursor Status window.

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Figure 14. Mensuration lines on a contact image with data.

3.5 Object Detection

TargetPro can automatically measure and display objects that may be present in a contact image. To TargetPro, anything with a definable shadow is an object. Measured objects can be displayed but not saved. The automatic aspect of target measurement and region growing is controlled through the Object Measurement on Image Load area of the (see ‘Configuring to Display Data’ for these options.) The manual aspect of target measurement and region growing is controlled through the Object detection o n the toolbar.

When you use the object detection from the toolbar, TargetPro finds objects and/or main regions of measured objects one object at a time. Regions are delineated with a box that TargetPro puts around them. Each boxed area is known as a growing region. A growing region symbolically represents that part of a measured object having the potentially densest mass, suggesting an area of interest for the user or operator to explore further.

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TargetPro Configuration dialog box.

June 2004 TargetPro™ User's Manual

As part of the object/region growing measurement process, TargetPro can be configured to control the degree of sensitivity that you wish TargetPro to use in its search.

Finally, after objects have been measured (with or without growing regions), you can have TargetPro display a list summarizing statistical data of the measured objects. You can also use the choices in this menu to resize (fit) your TargetPro image with respect to the main display area it occupies. Through View→Fit you can fit the displayed image to fill the window size, to fill just the window’s height, or to fill just the window’s width. These functions can also be achieved through icons.

3.5.1 Configuring Object Measurement

Before you have TargetPro measure objects, you may want to control the degree of sensitivity TargetPro uses for measuring objects, especially if you anticipate your image will contain many objects. This helps reduce the amount of clutter you may have to look at after objects have been measured.

1. From the toolbar click on the object detection icon. The system displays the Object Detection Window (Figure 15)

2. Make selections on the right according to these definitions:

Radius of Confidence. The maximum distance between an echo and

•

show. Thus, if the distance from an object to it’s corresponding shadow exceeds the radius of confidence then the object will not be detected.

Max Objects to Display. Sets the maximum number of object that

•

TargetPro to measure in a displayed file. The default setting is 3.

Shadow Threshold. The percentage of amplitude values below this

•

setting will define which areas are shadows.

Echo Threshold. The percentage of amplitude values below this setting

•

will define which areas of the image are echo returns.

Histogram Window. The distribution of amplitude values across the

•

image.

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Figure 15. Object Detection Window, settings and activation (Go).

Figure 16. Object Detection Window results and list of individual

object properties.

TargetPro displays all the objects at their locations in the contact image. Objects are outlined in green, shadows are outlined in blue, and one or

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more red lines connect the centers of mass of the objects to their shadows. Numbers in the image field indicate the ranking of the objects in the field according to their coefficients of correlation for the measured objects — 1 being the item having the highest coefficient of correlation, and therefore the most likely item in the field to be deemed an object. As the numbers get bigger, the coefficients of correlation decrease. Figures 15 and 16 shows examples of objects measured by TargetPro.

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Chapter 4: Object Modification and Classification

4.1 The Electronic Light Table

TargetPro’s Electronic Light Table (ELT, for short) is a dialog box where you can make a wide range of sophisticated modifications (enhancement s) to images. Image enhancements can be in the form of:

• increasing or decreasing brightness, contrast, gamma and sharpness

• emphasizing or de-emphasizing content by applying unique “filters”

• applying vignette lighting corrections

• rotating the image clockwise or counterclockwise

You can preview your enhancements in ELT before applying your changes to your contact image. TargetPro images benefit most from files that have Tag 270 information in them. However, if an image does not have Tag 270 information, you still can put the image into the ELT – you just won’t be able to mensurate the image.

1. Open a file in TargetPro: File→Open

2. From the main menu, choose Tools→ELT (or click the ELT icon

pictured in Table 4, ‘Group Four: Image Management Icons’).

TargetPro copies the image into the ELT working window as a thumbnail view of the original image, where you can modify the copied image and preview the results. You can then decide to accept or reject the enhancements by applying or not applying the enhancements to the original image. A typical screen of this kind is shown in Figure 15.

Note: Any changes you make here are temporary and will not affect the underlying image you opened in TargetPro unless/ until you choose to click the ‘Apply to Large Image’ button in the ELT.

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Figure 17. Typical contact copied into the Electronic Light Table.

4.1.1 The Histogram Window

The Histogram window (bottom left window shown in Figure 17) graphs the dynamic range distribution of the image’s colors for the preview image (enhanced or not). Thereafter, each instance of a modified image is graphically superimposed as an information layer in the Histogram window.

Below the Histogram window are two rows labeled Original File and Preview. The Original File row refers to those values that are present in the original image before a copy was loaded into the ELT. The Preview row refers to an image shown in the Image Preview window of the ELT. Such an image is one that has been loaded into the ELT, down sampled, and then displayed in the ELT.

Each row has a check box for indicating the presence or absence of red (R), green (G), blue (B), or Gray colors in the previewed image and in the original file. (Gray, when checked, identifies a monochromatic image and is

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mutually exclusive from RGB, which indicates a non-monochromatic image.) You can deselect or reselect the colors (or Gray) by clicking to put check marks in the boxes, or you can click in a checked box to remove a check mark. Your changes will be reflected in the Histogram window.

4.1.2 The Statistics Area

The ELT also keeps track of certain properties for the Preview image and Original File. These appear in the Statistics area of the ELT. The tracked properties are: Num Colors, Min Value, Max Value, and Bits.

• Num Colors – These are the number of unique pixel values in the image

• Min Value and Max Value – These are the lowest and highest pixel

values found in the image, respectively.

• Bits – These are the number of bits for all the data in the contact window, logically ordered together and expressed hexadecimal notation, that are present in the image. For example:

0x7FF8 = (0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0) binary 0x7F80 = (0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0) binary

The most-significant bit (the leftmost bit) is always zero because the data will always be unsigned. Unused bits are marked with x’s and will normally be set to zero. When you crop an area of interest in the TargetPro image to work within the ELT, histograms pertain to just the cropped area.

4.1.3 The Rotation/Cropping Area

This area is at the top of the ELT, just to the right of the Image Preview window. The Rotation/Cropping area has five slider bars and a check box for manipulating the previewed image. Numerical values representing the degree of rotation appear in the fields to the right of the slider bars. The controls are:

• Rotation (slider bar): Use this to rotate the image in the thumbnail window. Sliding the bar to the right rotates the image clockwise (0 to

180); sliding the bar left rotates it counterclockwise (-1 to -179).

• Left (slider bar): Crops the image p pixels at a time from the left; moving the slider bar to the right increases the number of pixels to be cropped from the image.

• Right (slider bar): Crops the image p pixels at a time from the right; moving the slider bar to the right increases the number of pixels to be cropped from the image.

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• Top (slider bar): Crops the image p pixels at a time from the top; moving the slider bar to the right increases the number of pixels to be cropped from the image.

• Bottom (slider bar): Crops the image p pixels at a time from the bottom; moving the slider bar to the right increases the number of pixels to be cropped from the image.

• Resize with rotation (check box): If this is checked, you can combine resizing an image at the same time you are rotating it.

4.1.4 The Image Processing Area

The slider bars and buttons in this area are used to enhance an image while keeping colors constant. Numerical values representing the degree of change (that is, the amount of the applied effect) appear in the fields to the right of the slider bars.

The slider bars in this area are:

• Min (slider bar): This affects results in the Histogram window and in the Image Preview window. If Min is set to, say, four percent, then the bottom four percent of the pixel intensities (black to gray, maybe) are set to black. Remaining intensities are linearly expanded to fill the range of 0 to min. Range values can be between 0.10% and 100%.

• Max (slider bar): This affects results in the Histogram window and in the Image Preview window. If Max is set to, say, four percent, then the top four percent of the pixel intensities (almost white to total white) are set to highest intensity (255 or 65535, depending on whether the image is 8 or 16 bit). Remaining intensities are linearly expanded to fill the range of 0 to max. Range values can be between 0.10% and 100%.

• Average (slider bar): This control sets the number of pixels to average around each output pixel, affecting the degree of image blur.

• Sharp (slider bar): Sliding the bar to the right increases sharpness. This emphasizes fine edges in the image. The bar initially is at the left and displays a value of 0, indicating no sharpness is being applied. The range of possible values is -10% (least sharp) to 10% (sharpest). (The units are just relative to the function and are not meant to suggest any mathematically based values.)

All four slider bars in the TVG dialog box have a range of 0.0% to 100.0%. The defaults are 50.0% for Brightness, 20.0% for Contrast, 5.0% for Window Size, and 5.0% for Smoothing. This function only applies to black and white images.

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Below the slider bars in this area are five buttons. They are Vignette, Adapt. Norm, Sliding Window, Despeckle, and Equalize, explained next.

• Vignette (button): Vignette lighting compensates for large variations of light (or lack of light) in the background of the image. When vignette is applied, points furthest from the center of the image are darkest, and points closest to the center are lightest.

• Adapt. Norm (button): This stands for “Adaptive Normalization.” It modifies the image such that within any range of pixels (chosen by Window Size) the outputs of Brightness, Contrast, and Smoothing are transformed into the values chosen. Figure 17 shows an example of the TVG dialog box which displays when you click Adapt. Norm.

• Sliding Window (button): This subtracts the mean pixel intensity for the entire image.

• Despeckle (button): Removes “noise” from the image. Noise is defined as any pixel that exceeds the median kernel value as defined by a median kernel cell size and a sensitivity value. The median kernel cell size can have values of 3, 5 or 7. Sensitivity is the number used to determine how different the center pixel in the image region must be before the pixel is replaced by the region’s median value. During despeckling, the image is examined in [Cell Size] X [Cell Size] regions. The value in the center pixel is compared to the median value for that region. If the difference between the center value and the median value exceeds the value specified on the Despeckle bar, the center pixel is replaced with the median value. Otherwise, the center pixel keeps its original value. Every pixel in the image is analyzed in this way. An image can be despeckled in seven ways as indicated by the choices in the Despeckle combination box:

 Lead Tools  Lee (linear model and estimation)  Enhanced Lee  Frost  Enhanced Frost  Gamma  Kaun (multiplicative model and linear estimation

After choosing a type of despeckling to perform, click the Despeckle button above the combination box to generate the desire despeckling.

Equalize (button): This manipulates the dynamic range of the colors in

•

the image. An image can be equalized in five ways as indicated by the choices in the Equalize combination box:

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 Bell: All values are distributed evenly around the center of the

scale. This produces a high-contrast image, but one with a more limited dynamic range than an image enhanced by linear equalization.

 Exponential: Favors (skews) the values toward the high end of

the scale, effectively making the image lighter with less contrast. As with Logarithmic, the dynamic range of the colors is compressed.

 Inverse Bell: The opposite of Bell equalization. Values are

distributed evenly around the edges of the scale, producing a low-contrast image, but one with a wide dynamic range.

 Linear: All values are distributed equally throughout the range.

This is the default for the Equalize type of enhancement.

 Logarithmic: Favors (skews) the values toward the low end of

the scale, effectively making the image darker with greater contrast. The dynamic range of the colors is compressed

(squashed). After choosing a type of equalization to perform, click the Equalize button above the combination box to generate the desired equalization.

4.1.5 The Color Processing Area

This area has controls for brightness, contrast, gamma, hue and saturation. Definitions and effects of the controls are:

• Brightness (slider bar): Sliding the bar to the right brightens the image; sliding it to the left darkens it. When the bar is at the midpoint (+0%), the image has neutral brightness (no change in brightness). Range is

-100% (dimmest) to +100% (brightest).

• Contrast (slider bar): Sliding the bar to the right increases the image’s contrast; sliding it to the left decreases it. When the bar is at the midpoint (+0%), the image has neutral contrast (no change in contrast). Range is -100% (least contrast) to +100% (most contrast).

• Gamma (slider bar): Gamma is a way of logarithmically compensating for low intensity pixels that may be present in some images. Sliding the bar to the right increases the gamma index for the image (maximum gamma = +10); sliding it to the left decreases it (minimum gamma = +0.10). The value +1.00 represents midpoint of the scale (no gamma).

• Hue (slider bar): Hue represents color such as red, blue, green, etc. Sliding this bar left or right shifts the displayed colors. The range can be from -180 to +180, covering the entire color palette. The midpoint (0)

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is the neutral point, meaning the colors are not shifted one way or the other from their values.

• Saturation (slider bar): Saturation affects how deep a given color is. Sliding the bar to the right increases saturation; sliding it to the left decreases saturation.

• Invert (button): When clicked, this button reverses the values of all colors: White becomes black, black becomes white, etc.

4.1.6 The Audit Trail Area

This area displays a running list of all enhancements applied to the previewed image. The most recent enhancement is at the top of the list, and the least recent enhancement is at the bottom of the list. The Audit Trail area has three control buttons: Undo Last, Redo Last, and Undo All.

• Undo Last: The system undoes the most recently applied enhancement and removes the corresponding entry (the topmost entry) from the Audit Trail list.

• Redo Last: The system reapplies the last enhancement that was undone and reinserts the name of that enhancement into the top of the Audit Trail list.

• Undo All: The system removes all enhancements done to the preview image in this session. (Even so, you can restore changes to the currently previewed image by clicking Redo Last. If you do, changes are restored to the previewed image one enhancement at a time in a last-in, first-out basis.)

4.1.7 Apply to Large Image, Undo Large Image and Close

These three buttons have these effects:

• Apply to Large Image copies all currently displayed changes (as visually indicated by image in Image Preview and by the Audit Trail list) to the Original File image that was present when you accessed the ELT dialog box in this session.

• Undo Large Image undoes any changes that may have been applied to the large image outside of the ELT.

• Close closes the ELT dialog box regardless of what changes were or were not applied to images. Should you decide to re-access the ELT dialog box, any enhancements that you may have done earlier remain in the Audit Trail list. Enhancements do not become a part of the

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original file unless you save the file from TargetPro’s main menu using

File→Save As.

4.1.8 Annotate

This function can be accessed from Tools→Annotate, or from the Annotate icon, as shown in Table 4, Group Four, Image Management Icons.

The annotate function summons a dialog box where you can inspect text that may have been typed at an earlier time. An example is shown in Figure

18.

Figure 18. Annotate dialog box (from Tools

If text exists here, you can modify it. If you click OK, any text that may be present here will then be associates as an annotation to the currently displayed CON file. The annotation will be available for the currently displayed CON file whenever that file is opened.

→

Annotate)

4.2 Classifying a Target

You can have TargetPro tag your contact (CON) or target (TGT) images according to criteria you specify. Tagged contacts can then be grouped according to their tags, making it easier to manage the collection of images. This function is reserved for CON or TGT types of images; this classification scheme is not available for other types of images, such as TIFF, BMP, GIF, etc.

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1. From the main menu choose Tools→Classify. The system displays a dialog box (Figure 17) where you can inspect, add, delete, change or assign a classification to a contact.

2. For a new contact or target image, use the radio buttons to assign a sub classification to the image. Ten ready-made subclasses (the leftmost column) are initially available for you to use.

3. Optional: If you want to create a new sub classification or modify an existing one, click Custom Classifications to display the Edit Custom Classifications dialog box, revealing ten more fields where you can specify a new classification. Figure 18 shows this dialog box where a user has added the classification type “Airplane” in the first available field. Figure 19 shows the effect of the change in the Target Properties dialog box.

Note: if you change the rank prior to saving or resaving the image upon which this rank classification is based, TargetPro warns you that you are about to save the file in the format of the newly specified contact or target rank. If you accept the change, TargetPro then changes the file’s extension to match the respecified type of rank (that is, either to CON or TGT)

Figure 19. Edit Custom Classifications dialog box.

1. Click OK in the Edit Custom Classifications dialog box to update the Target Properties dialog box.

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Figure 20. New classification added to list of available classes.

2. Click Apply to associate the assignment to the image. (You can always change the assignment to something else later, if you want.)

The currently displayed contact image is now classified according to your criterion. The classification gets stored with the contact or target image when it’s saved.

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→

Figure 21. Classification dialog box (From Tools

As the Rank area of the dialog box shows, you can classify your image as a Contact or Target. Normally, any feature that is logged is initially ranged as a contact. When a positive identification is made, the Rank of the feature should be changed to Target.

Classify)

4.3 Geocorrecting a Contact or Target Image

Because displayed contacts come from compressed data recorded during a survey, the contacts are also compressed in their representation. Such compression may distort the image in ways that misrepresent the true nature of the contact or target.

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TargetPro’s geocorrecting function can compensate for this distortion in contact (CON) or target (TGT) files by adjusting the image. In addition, if you conducted your data survey in a direction other than a northerly heading, you can force the orientation of your contact to display in a northerly orientation, in keeping with the convention of “north points up” for displaying charts and maps. (Of course, if you reorient your image to point north, and your tracking vessel wasn’t heading north during the survey, your imaginary along-track path no longer points north in the geocorrected image — it now coincides with the line of travel taken during the survey.) Any such changes you apply to a contact or target file are saved and displayed as a TIFF file; the original CON or TGT file is not modified. Using the tools described in ‘Measuring a Contact Image’, you can measure the width and length of a geocorrected image.

To geocorrect a CON or TGT file, do the following:

1. From the main menu, choose Tools→Geocorrect. The system displays the Geometrical Correction Parameters dialog box (Figure

22).

2. In the Geometrical Correction Parameters dialog box set your image Orientation, your Overlap Method, the Filter size for a Median Gap Fill Filter, and values for Navigation Filter Size and Heading Filter Size.

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Figure 22. Geometrical Correction Parameters dialog box

An explanation of the geocorrecting choices available to you in the Geometrical Correction Parameters dialog box follows in Table 6.

TABLE 6. Geometrical correction parameters meanings

Parameter Group Parameters and Their Meanings

Image Orientation

Overlap Method

Gap Fill Filter

Misc. Filters

Ave.Heading Up: The image is displayed in the same

orientation as occurred during the survey, such that the orientation of the displayed image conforms to the tracking direction during the survey. This is the TargetPro default. Your tracking line, relative to the displayed image, is straight up and down. North Up: The image is reoriented to display your image such that north points up, in keeping with the longstanding convention of maps and charts, where north traditionally points up.

Average: TargetPro uses the average value of all pixels falling within a grid cell. Minimum: TargetPro uses only the lowest value pixel of all pixels falling within a grid cell. Maximum: TargetPro uses only the highest value pixel of all pixels falling within a grid cell.

Median: Even after all the samples in the grid have been geocoded, there still may be a few holes in the grid. A median gap filter is used to fill them. The default value is 3, and the range is 3-11.

Navigation Filter Size: The nav filter parameter (0-9) is the number of iterations used in the filtering. Heading Filter Size: This is a single digit in the range 1-9. The higher the number the stronger the filtering (or smoothing) of the heading data.

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Figure 23. Example of a distorted image before geocorrection

In Figure 23, the image appears greatly squashed in the vertical domain (top to bottom). As indicated by the Heading value in the Towfish portion of the Cursor Status window, the direction of the survey proceeded in a southeasterly direction (approximately 144 degrees). For the purposes of the displayed image, the heading points straight up and down, so that the image runs vertically through the window.

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Figure 24. Example of a geocorrected image as a TIFF file

Figure 24 shows a geocorrected rendition of the CON image displayed in Figure

23. The image in Figure 24 has been re-oriented with the Geocorrecting function so that north points up. Furthermore, note that the main object in the figure no longer appears as squashed as it did in the first example; it is now less distorted and more closely resembles the actual object on the seafloor. Finally, note that the geocorrected image is a TIFF file. The CON file from which it was derived is unchanged.

4.4 Setting and Viewing Target Identification

4.4.1 Setting a Contact Number

You can have TargetPro automatically increment your saved contacts at the time they are saved, starting with a number you choose.

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1. From the main menu choose Tools→Set Contact Number. The system displays the Set Contact Number dialog box (Figure 25).

Figure 25. Set Contact Number dialog box

2. Type a number to use as the initial starting contact number and click OK.

From this point on, all contacts that you save will begin with the number you specified and increment thereafter by one integer for each saved contact. For example, if you specified 10 as your starting number, the next saved contact will be 10.CON, the one after that will be 11.CON, the next 12.CON, and so on.

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Chapter 5: TargetPro Menu

5.1 The File Menu

The File menu consolidates all the basic functions of TargetPro. In addition, TargetPro keeps track of the file names of previously opened files and appends them to the bottom of the File menu. Figure 26 shows the File menu with a list of some sample files appended.

Figure 26. File Menu choices and some previously opened files

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Table 7 explains these menu choices.

TABLE 7. File menu choices described

Task Choice Meaning or Action Performed Set Working

Directory

Open

Find

Close All

Use this to specify the directory in which TargetPro saves contact and target files. TargetPro first looks in this directory for saved contacts to recall. The definition of the specified directory persists from session to session. The default is to have the directory from which you load TargetPro be the working directory.

Summons the standard Open dialog box available in Windows, where you can specify a file to open. The keyboard shortcut is <CTRL>+<O> or Insert.

This summons the Contact Search Criteria dialog box (Figure 28). You use it to look for targets or contacts according to their classification criteria specified in the Classify function of TargetPro. See ‘Classifying a Target’ for the classification procedure. The keyboard shortcut to this menu’s function is <F5>.

Removes from the working window and RAM the contact or target image that has the active focus. This does not affect images that already have been saved to your storage medium. The keyboard shortcut is <CTRL>+<F4>

Removes from the working window and RAM all contact or target images currently open. This does not affect images that already have been saved to your storage medium. There is no keyboard shortcut (other than exiting TargetPro).

Save

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This saves the currently displayed image. There is no equivalent icon for the Save menu choice.

June 2004 TargetPro™ User's Manual

Save As

Save As (continued)

Instead of (or in addition to) saving your Target images as CON or TGT files, you can save them in a wide range of formats. For a complete list of file types, see ‘What File Types Can TargetPro Write?’.

Note: When saving an image, the original image is saved

unaltered along with the audit trail of all operations that were applied to the image the last time the image was saved.

There is no equivalent icon for the Save As menu choice.

Note: If you intend to save Target images as TIFF files, the

following files, or at least copies of them, must reside in the same directory where you keep the targetpro.exe executable:

HIFFL32 DLL IFFBMP32 DLL

HILCNV32 DLL IFFGIF32 DLL

HILENH32 DLL IFFJPG32 DLL

HILIMG32 DLL IFFPCX32 DLL

HILXFM32 DLL IFFTIF32 DLL

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Figure 27. Print ASCII Report dialog box (File

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→

Print ASCII Report)

June 2004 TargetPro™ User's Manual

Figure 28. Contact Search Criteria dialog box (from File

The Contact Search Criteria dialog box is modeless, meaning you can perform other tasks in TargetPro without needing to close this dialog box. Modeless operation is advantageous for searching because you can then inspect, and update if desired, the classification criteria currently in effect for the contacts being searched. See ‘Classifying a Target’. The Find area of the Contact Search Criteria dialog box has these functions:

• Reset: This causes the system to reset the search order to the first

contact file in the set of contact or target files currently open. The effect

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Find)

June 2004 TargetPro™ User's Manual

is internal to the system; the user gets no visual feedback when the reset is performed.

• All: All contact or targets files that are currently open will be searched

according to the criteria shown in the Contact Search Criteria dialog box.

• Find Next: Search the next contact or target that matches the specified

criteria.

5.2 The Edit Menu

The Edit menu has two functions in it: Copy and Paste. These functions are explained in the section called ‘Icons on the Taskbar’ (starting on page 19). The keyboard shortcuts are <CTRL>+<C> (for Copy) and <CTRL>+<V> (for Paste).

5.3 The Tools Menu

TargetPro’s Tools menu, accessible from the main menu, is a collection of basic image manipulation functions (Figure 29). Many of these functions can be accessed by icons on the taskbar.

Figure 29. Tools menu choices

The ELT function is explained in the section called ‘The Electronic Light Table’. The Annotate function, explained in Table 4, ‘Group Four: Image Management Icons,’ displays a text box where you can add a note to describe or otherwise

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identify a contact description. The Classify function, the Geocorrect function, the Cursor, Pan Image, Zoom, and Measure functions were explained in the section called ‘Icons on the Taskbar’. Set Contact Number is explained in ‘Setting a Contact Number’.

The Tools menu also has these selectable items:

Cursor Symbol: Cross Hair, Bull’s-Eye, Gun Scope, or Dot. Your

•

pointer assumes the shape of the specified cursor.

Cursor Color: Red, Yellow, Black, or White. Your pointer assumes the

•

specified color.

5.3.1 Configuring to Display Data

Before opening a file, you may want the geo-information in your TargetPro images to be reported in ways that are different from the way the navigation data originally was saved. In TargetPro, you can do that in TargetPro’s Configuration dialog box.

Note: If you’re going to use the Configuration function, you must do so

before you open the file(s) you wish to have the options apply to. Settings in Configuration have no effect for files opened prior to selecting Configuration in the current TargetPro session.

Also, any values (not just units) you specify in the TargetPro Configuration will be used by TargetPro in position and size calculations instead of whatever values were stored in the imagery data file when the data was recorded.

To configure TargetPro for this session:

Choose Tools → Configuration… from the main menu. The system

displays the TargetPro configuration dialog box (Figure 30). Any changes made here will be shown in the Cursor Status window

(Figure 31) for opened images. Also, with exception of the Automatic Audit Trail setting, TargetPro keeps track of these settings from session to session by updating a binary configuration file called targetpro.cfg. This is not a user-editable file.

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FIGURE 30. TargetPro Configuration dialog box and default settings

Table 8 explains the available parameters in the TargetPro Configuration dialog box.

TABLE 8. Tools→Configuration settings for displayed nav data

Parameter Block Meaning / Comments Speed

(radio buttons)

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This affects the way the recorded speed of the towfish or survey vessel for the logged contact is reported in the Cursor Status window. When Auto (the default) is selected, the recorded speed is the displayed speed. If you choose Manual, you are telling TargetPro to override the Auto setting with the value you specify here. Speed Corrected Display: When a check mark is in this box, any logged contacts will be transferred to the Target utility with rectilinear images based on the towfish speed. Checking the box again turns it off (the default state).

June 2004 TargetPro™ User's Manual

Layback (radio buttons)

Horizontal Beam Width (radio buttons)

Local Variation (text box)

Latitude/Longitude Display

(radio buttons)

You can specify a layback of a recording towfish’s position from a survey vessel in terms of an Auto setting (the default) or a Manual setting you type here to override the Auto setting.

You can specify a horizontal beam width used by the recording sonar in terms of an Auto setting (the default) or a Manual setting you type here. If you choose Manual, you are telling TargetPro to override the Auto setting with your value.

Local variation refers to magnetic variation present at the contact’s position. The variation is the difference between true north and magnetic north. You can specify a number of degrees to be added to a magnetic reading for a given area, thus compensating for the magnetic/local variation and thereby obtaining the true reading. The default is 0.00 . Any value entered in the Local Variation box will be used as the towfish’s heading bias and added to the stored heading of the towfish.

The Cursor Status window reports whether the displayed image was recorded using latitude/longitude or northings/eastings type of navigation positioning. If latitude/longitude was used, then the units can be: Degrees, Minutes, Seconds (the default), or Degrees, Decimal Minutes, or Decimal Degrees

Northing/Easting Display

(radio buttons)

The Cursor Status window reports whether the displayed image was recorded using latitude / longitude or northings / eastings type of navigational positioning. If northings and eastings were used, then the units can be expressed in meters (the default), yards, or feet.

Range Display Units

(radio buttons)

This is the speed of the surveying vessel or towfish for a displayed image taken from the data. The speed is expressed in meters (the default), feet, or milliseconds.

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Speed Display Units (radio buttons)

Object Detection on Image Load

(radio buttons)

Serial Port (check box)

Miscellaneous

(check box)

These are the different units you can specify for the speed of survey vessel or towfish of a displayed image from the data; speed is set as meters/sec (the default), kts (knots per hour), or kph (kilometers per hour).

None: Object detection is done when images are opened

in TargetPro. None is the default.

Automatic Target Detection: TargetPro attempts to

detect objects in a file when the file is opened. Also see ‘Configuring Object Measurement’.

Send saved contacts on Serial Port: This function enables the user to send contact information over a serial port, based on the serial port settings selected.

Automatic Audit Trail: This function, when checked,

reloads and reapplies all enhancements listed in the audit trail information block of the Electronic Light Table when the file was saved. This default is to have

utomatic Audit

Trail enabled (checked). When saving an image, the

original image is saved unaltered along with the audit trail of all operations that were applied to the image the last time the image was saved. If the image is recalled, all operations listed in the audit trail are automatically applied to the original image if this box is checked.

Import Saved Contact in DelphMap: TargetPro

automatically imports any saved contacts into the current DelphMap project. Saved contacts are imported to DelphMap on vector layer Contacts. There are several options in the DelphMap 2D contacts settings for importing the contacts; most important is the input geodesy. For more information on setting up for 2D contacts in DelphMap, refer to the DelphMap manual.

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5.3.2 RAMP Support

Support for RAMP (Rapid Access Mission Profile) is available from the Tools menu for those customers who use RAMP. Figure 31 shows the dialog box.

Figure 31. Ramp Support dialog box

In Tools→RAMP Support, you can specify the source platform for numeric

data. The source platform can originate From Registry or you can specify a RAMP file, if you have one, from Select. You can also specify the start and stop times.

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If you choose From Registry, the system registry is inspected to determine the current location of the RAMP file, wherever it may be, and puts the RAMP file name in the text box of the Ramp Support dialog box. Use Select if you wish to select a file other than the current RAMP file.

5.3.3 Inspecting TAG 270 Information

Some TIFF images carry Tag 270 information. If your images contain Tag 270 information, the TAG270 icon in TargetPro (shown in Table 4, ‘Group Four: Image Management Icons’) becomes available. There is no menu equivalent. If your TIFF image doesn’t contain Tag 270 information, the icon is grayed out.

Clicking on the icon displays the TAG270 Information dialog box shown in Figure 32.

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Figure 32. Typical TAG270 Information dialog box

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All information that may be present in the Tag 270 will be populated in the appropriate fields shown in Figure 30.

Moreover, you can manually edit the text information that appears in the Full Contents of TAG270 at the bottom of the dialog box. (Figure 30 shows an example of this; the modified area has been identified by a rectangle around it.) However, manually editing this area does not modify the TAG270 file, even if it’s resaved in TargetPro.

In addition, the TAG270 Information dialog box has an Audit Trail button for displaying any enhancements to the image that may have been done in the ELT in this or any other session.

As such, it’s a superset of all TargetPro enhancements ever done to the file so long as:

• the file has Tag 270 information in it, and

• the Automatic Audit Trail box (Tools Configuration shown in the section

‘Configuring to Display Data’ (starting on page 62)) was enabled before enhancements were performed.

Thus, the audit trail in the ELT may or may not correspond to the audit trail information shown in the TAG270 Audit Trail information window. Figure 31 shows an example of the TAG270 Audit Trail information window.

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Figure 33. Example TAG270 Audit Trail information window.

5.4 The Window Menu

If you have more than one file open in TargetPro, you can use the Window menu to position your TargetPro windows in ways you want. The Tile function arranges your open files in non-overlapping windows, with the active window topmost. The Cascade function stacks and overlaps your windows in staircase fashion, with the active window foremost in the stack. If any files are currently open, their names appear in a list at the bottom of this menu. If your windows are minimized and randomly distributed around the main display area, Arrange Icons will line up all your minimized windows along the bottom of the main display area.

5.5 The View Menu

You can use the View menu to determine which TargetPro objects in the application’s window will be hidden or displayed while you work. You can hide or display:

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Toolbar, Status Bar, Pan Window, Display Control (governing the display of the Display-Only Properties window), and Cursor Status. By default, all of these objects are initially displayed.

5.6 The Help Menu

From Help→About TargetPro, TargetPro displays the name of the program

(TargetPro), the version number, the date and time it was compiled, the copyright date and the copyright holder (Triton Elics International, Inc.).

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Chapter 6: Troubleshooting

Problem: After about five minutes the installation does not complete and the

Windows desktop does not return.

Solution: Try again after using <CTRL>+<ALT>+<DEL> to shut the system

down and restart. The problem can be caused by applications running in the background or not being shut down before running the installation.

Problem: Under NT/98 the installation may fail after the first re-boot, with a

message that it cannot locate the file setup.exe.

Solution: This can occur if the CD ROM drive is slow getting started after the

first reboot. Just use Explorer to double-click on setup.exe again, and the installation will proceed normally.

Problem: There is insufficient space on the C: drive, even though D: (or

another) drive has been chosen to install the programs.

Solution: Under Windows 95, 98 and NT, the Windows Installer needs to build

the complete Installer Engine and files on the C: drive. The file can be as large as 250 MB for a full installation. Windows 2000 will require much less space, since the operating system includes the Installer Engine.

Problem: After the Installation completes, you see the message, “The dynamic

link library map.dll could not be found in the specified path” when the program is started.

Solution: You MUST reboot the system after finishing the installation. This is

necessary so that changes to PATH environment variable can be applied.

Problem: You may not be able to install all the options (demo files, manuals,

help files) unless you can free enough space on the C: drive.

Solution: Consider using the Minimum Installations option located on the CD

to install only the programs you need.

Problem: When first running Isis after installing a new version, you receive an

error message that says your Isis CFG configuration file is out of date.

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Solution: This message alerts you that CFG files created with versions of Isis

earlier than this version of Isis are incompatible. Click OK during your current Isis session. In future Isis sessions, the incompatibility message will no longer appear.

Problem: Your receive error messages such as ‘the procedure entry point

xxxxxxxxx could not be located in the dynamic link library yyyyyy.dll when trying to start one of the TEI applications.

Solution: This error may occur on a system which has had earlier versions

(prior to Fall 2000) of TEI software installed. Use Windows Explorer to search for the following files:

About.dll HydroNavCurve.dll mpx_mape.dl ShpLib.dll ASRVAPI.dll HydroNavInfos.dll Navpntw.dll SinglePrc.dll Attitool.dll HydroNavPlan.dll Navprcw.dll SpeckleFilter.dll AuxDlfDll.dll HydroTools.dll Navtools.dll Speed.dll Bathtool.dll ImpObj.dll ObjectDll.dll TEISplash.dll Chrutlw.dll Importxt.dll ObjectToBdd.dll TeiGUIExt.dll CMGBase.dll LinearFeature.dll Palette.dll TEImpxmap.dll D24Param.dll lxtools.dll patchtst.dll Tide.dll DdsErr.dll TEImap.dll PIPETRK.DLL TimeTag.dll dxflib.dll mifutil.dll PitchYaw.dll TVGAuto.dll Encode.dll MOSAIC.DLL Printer.dll VecPropDll.dll EncodeS.dll Mpx_Country.dll profile.dll Vif2xyz.dll Geometry.dll Mpx_line.dll qtclib.dll Volume.dll geotiff.dll Mpx_main.dll SeisDemo.dll XtfTools.dll HydroNavAtti.dll mpx_map.dll Serialdll.dll

The files must be unique on the system (that is, there must be only

one instance throughout your entire computer). The installer copies the latest version to a folder {Windows Folder}\TEIdlls during the installation process. If any files with the above names are found that are not in {Windows Folder}\TEIdlls, then you should delete (or rename) them.

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Problem: You receive an error message during installation of TEI software.

For example, you may see this message:

Error – Unable to write to temporary location Solution: You may see that message if you are running certain anti-virus

software, such as Norton (or other brands too). Check to see that you have disabled your anti-virus software. The solution is to temporarily turn off Norton Auto-Protect:

1. Right-click the Norton icon (or other anti-virus icon) on the Windows taskbar.

2. Select Disable Auto-Protect when prompted.

3. Resume installing your TEI software.

4. When the installation completes, re-boot your PC.

5. When the system restarts, Norton Auto-Protect will be re-enabled by default.

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The effect of speed correction on images from TargetPro and Target.

By default, in both applications, speed correction is OFF. This results in a distorted image, which is compressed in the along track direction.

To turn on speed correction in TargetPro

Right click in the Isis waterfall window and check the speed correct box in the Waterfall Display dialog box:

To turn on speed correction in Target:

Click on Edit and check the “Speed correct” item:

Addendum: The Effect of Speed Correction on Images from TargetPro and Target

June 2004 TargetPro™ User’s Manual

Sample images from Target Pro:

Not speed corrected (note the dimensions 256x256 pixels)

Speed corrected (note the dimensions 1922x1922 pixels!)

Addendum: The Effect of Speed Correction on Images from TargetPro and Target

June 2004 TargetPro™ User’s Manual

Sample images from Target:

Not speed corrected. (256x256)

Speed corrected (256x256)

Addendum: The Effect of Speed Correction on Images from TargetPro and Target

June 2004 TargetPro™ User’s Manual

All images are from a Klein 3000 sonar, High Frequency channel operating at range of 100m and are from Lake Champlain, recorded by Middlebury College VT.

Why is the TargetPro image so big?

Modern side-scan sonars have higher resolution than older types, in this example the Klein 3000 is recording 3200 samples per channel, each channel is 100m which gives a theoretical across track resolution of 100/3200 = .03125m, which in turn means that each pixel in the across track direction is equal to .03125m on the seabed.

The object of speed correction is to obtain an undistorted image, meaning that the proportions of the image must be equal, therefore if we choose a square image of 256pixels x 256pixels we have to have an equivalent distance, on the seabed, along track (the vertical dimension of the image) and across track, (the horizontal dimension of the image).

In the along track direction the resolution is much lower and depends on the sonar ping interval and the vessel speed, the faster the vessel travels the fewer pings we get per meter. Typical along track resolutions are around 0.25m

To get equal proportions we need 256 pings to keep the image proportions square:

To obtain a sonar range of 100m the ping interval is 133.3mS (0.1333secs). 256 pings at 0.1333secs is 34seconds of data in the along track direction. The vessel speed was around 3.26Kts or 1.76meters/sec. So in the along track direction we have 34x1.76 (about 60m) of data. In the across track direction we have .03125m per pixel, therefore the image ends up being 60m x 60m or 1920 pixels square. In the example we have 1922x1922

Why is the Target image so “pixelly”

Target solves the problem the other way. It maintains the image proportions by fixing the number of across track pixels at 256 and then figuring out what is required in the along track direction to keep the image proportions correct, so we end up with an image that is 256x256 pixels at the across track resolution:

256/0.030125 = 8m

If we were to extract the centre 256x256 pixel (8m x 8m) “box” from the middle of the TargetPro image it would look exactly like the Target image:

Addendum: The Effect of Speed Correction on Images from TargetPro and Target

June 2004 TargetPro™ User’s Manual

TargetPro image saved as a .JPG file and edited in Paintshop Pro

Addendum: The Effect of Speed Correction on Images from TargetPro and Target

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