Topcon Net-G3A Operator's Manual

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POSITIONING SYSTEMS

Net-G3A

Operator’s Manual

Part Number 7010-0935

Rev A

©Copyright Topcon Positioning Systems, Inc.

May, 2009

All contents in this manual are copyrighted by Topcon. All rights reserved. The information contained herein may not be used, accessed, copied, stored, displayed, sold, modified, published, or distributed, or otherwise reproduced

without express written consent from Topcon.

Topcon only sells GPS products into Precision Markets.

Please go to www.topcongps.com for detailed market information.

ECO#3568

TOC

Chapter 1

Introduction .......................................................... 1-1

Principles of Operation .................................................... 1-2

GNSS Overview ........................................................ 1-2

Calculating Absolute Positions ........................... 1-3

Calculating Differential Positions ...................... 1-4

Essential Components for Quality Surveying .... 1-5

Receiver Overview .................................................... 1-6

Getting Acquainted .......................................................... 1-8

Net-G3A Receiver ..................................................... 1-8

MINTER ............................................................. 1-9

Data and Power Ports ......................................... 1-14

CF Card Slot ....................................................... 1-16

Mounting Holes .................................................. 1-18

Cables and Power Supply .......................................... 1-18

Other Kit Accessories ............................................... 1-20

Option Authorization File (OAF) .................................... 1-21

Chapter 2

Pre-setup Preparation .......................................... 2-1

Determining the Reference

Station Site ................................................................... 2-2

Consider the Net-G3A Reference

Station Application ................................................ 2-2

Perform a Site Inspection for the

Net-G3A Reference Station ................................... 2-3

Installing Topcon Software .............................................. 2-5

Installing PC-CDU .................................................... 2-6

Installing FLoader ..................................................... 2-7

Installing the CF Card ...................................................... 2-8

Installing the USB Mass Storage Device (UMS) ............ 2-9

Formatting the UMS Device ..................................... 2-10

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Connecting and Activating the UMS Device ............ 2-10

Powering the Receiver ..................................................... 2-11

Checking Power Status .............................................. 2-12

Turning On/Off the Receiver ..................................... 2-13

Charging the Backup Batteries ......................................... 2-13

Collecting Almanacs and Ephemerides ............................ 2-14

Connecting the Receiver and a Computer ........................ 2-15

Establishing an RS232 Cable Connection ................. 2-16

Establishing a USB Cable Connection ...................... 2-17

Establishing an Ethernet Connection ......................... 2-17

Configuring an Ethernet Connection Using PC-CDU 2-19

PC-CDU Connection Parameters .............................. 2-22

Power Management .......................................................... 2-24

Chapter 3

Net-G3A Configuration and Setup ..................... 3-1

Configuring the Receiver ................................................. 3-2

MINTER Description and Configuration ......................... 3-9

MINTER Operation ................................................... 3-16

Using the Web Interface ................................................... 3-18

Accessing the Net-G3A through the Web Interface .. 3-18

Understanding the Web Interface .............................. 3-20

Building an Antenna Cabling System .............................. 3-20

Receiver Setup as a Temporary Reference Station .......... 3-21

Step 1: Set up the Receiver ........................................ 3-22

Step 2: Measure Antenna Height ............................... 3-23

Step 3: Collect Data ................................................... 3-25

Stopping Data Logging .............................................. 3-26

Static Surveying for Reference Stations ........................... 3-26

Analyzing Signal-to-Noise Ratio ..................................... 3-27

Using the Anti-Jamming Suppressor (AJS) ..................... 3-28

Working with External Devices ....................................... 3-28

Chapter 4

Receiver and File Maintenance .......................... 4-1

Downloading Data Files from an Installed Memory Card 4-1

Downloading Data Files to a Computer .................... 4-2

Downloading Data Files to a UMS Device ............... 4-4

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Table of Contents

Downloading Data Files from a Removed Memory Card 4-7

Deleting Data Files from an Installed Memory Card ...... 4-8

Managing Receiver Memory ........................................... 4-10

Initializing File System .................................................... 4-12

Setting Raw Data & Position Update Rates to 50 Hz ...... 4-13

Managing Receiver Options ............................................ 4-14

Checking the Receiver’s OAF .................................. 4-14

Loading an OAF ........................................................ 4-16

Resetting the Receiver ..................................................... 4-17

Clearing the NVRAM ...................................................... 4-18

Using the MINTER to Clear the NVRAM ............... 4-18

Using PC-CDU to Clear the NVRAM ...................... 4-19

Changing Receiver Modes ............................................... 4-19

Entering Extended Information Mode ...................... 4-19

Sleep (Off) Mode ...................................................... 4-21

Loading New Firmware ................................................... 4-21

Chapter 5

Troubleshooting ................................................... 5-1

Check This First! ............................................................. 5-1

Troubleshooting Quick List ............................................. 5-2

Powering Problems .......................................................... 5-2

Receiver Problems ........................................................... 5-3

Obtaining Customer Support ........................................... 5-7

Phone ......................................................................... 5-7

E-mail ........................................................................ 5-7

Website ...................................................................... 5-8

Appendix A

Specifications ....................................................... A-1

Net-G3A Dimensions ...................................................... A-2

Receiver Specifications ................................................... A-3

General Details .......................................................... A-3

GNSS Board Details ................................................. A-7

Connector Specifications ................................................. A-9

Power Connector ....................................................... A-9

Serial RS232C Connectors ........................................ A-10

Ethernet/USB Connector ........................................... A-11

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GPS Antenna Connector ............................................ A-12

1PPS Connector ......................................................... A-13

Event Marker Connector ............................................ A-13

External Frequency Connector .................................. A-14

CF Cards Compatible with the Net-G3A ......................... A-15

Appendix B

Safety Warnings ................................................... B-1

General Warnings ............................................................. B-1

Usage Warnings ............................................................... B-2

Appendix C

Regulatory Information ....................................... C-1

FCC Compliance .............................................................. C-1

Community of Europe Compliance .................................. C-2

WEEE Directive ............................................................... C-2

Appendix D

Warranty Terms ................................................... D-1

NET-G3A Operator’s Manual

Terms and Conditions

NOTICE

Preface

Thank you for purchasing this Topcon product. The materials available in this Manual (the “Manual”) have been prepared by Topcon Positioning Systems, Inc. (“TPS”) for owners of Topcon products and are designed to assist owners with the use of the product, and its use is subject to these terms and conditions (the “Terms and Conditions”).

Please read these Terms and Conditions carefully.

Terms and Conditions

USE This product is designed to be used by a professional. The user

should have a good knowledge of the safe use of the product and implement the types of safety procedures recommended by the local government protection agency for both private use and commercial job sites.

intellectual property of, and copyrighted material of TPS. All rights are reserved. You may not use, access, copy, store, display, create derivative works of, sell, modify, publish, distribute, or allow any third party access to, any graphics, content, information or data in this Manual without TPS’ express written consent and may only use such information for the care and operation of your receiver. The information and data in this Manual are a valuable asset of TPS and are developed by the expenditure of considerable work, time and money, and are the result of original selection, coordination and arrangement by TPS.

TRADEMARKS Net-G3A, Topcon Tools, Topcon Link, TopNET,

Topcon, and Topcon Positioning Systems are trademarks or registered trademarks of TPS. Windows® is a registered trademark of Microsoft Corporation. The Bluetooth® word mark and logos are owned by

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Bluetooth SIG, Inc. and any use of such marks by Topcon Positioning Systems, Inc. is used under license. Other product and company names mentioned herein may be trademarks of their respective owners.

DISCLAIMER OF WARRANTY EXCEPT FOR ANY

WARRANTIES IN AN APPENDIX OR A WARRANTY CARD ACCOMPANYING THE PRODUCT, THIS MANUAL AND THE RECEIVER ARE PROVIDED “AS-IS.” THERE ARE NO OTHER WARRANTIES. TPS DISCLAIMS ANY IMPLIED WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR ANY PARTICULAR USE OR PURPOSE. TPS AND ITS DISTRIBUTORS SHALL NOT BE LIABLE FOR TECHNICAL OR EDITORIAL ERRORS OR OMISSIONS CONTAINED HEREIN; NOR FOR INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES RESULTING FROM THE FURNISHING, PERFORMANCE OR USE OF THIS MATERIAL OR THE PRODUCT. SUCH DISCLAIMED DAMAGES INCLUDE BUT ARE NOT LIMITED TO LOSS OF TIME, LOSS OR DESTRUCTION OF DATA, LOSS OF PROFIT, SAVINGS OR REVENUE, OR LOSS OF THE PRODUCT’S USE. IN ADDITION TPS IS NOT RESPONSIBLE OR LIABLE FOR DAMAGES OR COSTS INCURRED IN CONNECTION WITH OBTAINING SUBSTITUTE PRODUCTS OR SOFTWARE, CLAIMS BY OTHERS, INCONVENIENCE, OR ANY OTHER COSTS. IN ANY EVENT, TPS SHALL HAVE NO LIABILITY FOR DAMAGES OR OTHERWISE TO YOU OR ANY OTHER PERSON OR ENTITY IN EXCESS OF THE PURCHASE PRICE FOR THE PRODUCT.

LICENSE AGREEMENT Use of any computer programs or software

supplied by TPS or downloaded from a TPS website (the “Software”) in connection with the receiver constitutes acceptance of these Terms and Conditions in this Manual and an agreement to abide by these Terms and Conditions. The user is granted a personal, non-exclusive, non-transferable license to use such Software under the terms stated herein and in any case only with a single product or single computer. You may not assign or transfer the Software or this license without the express written consent of TPS. This license is effective until terminated. You may terminate the license at any time by destroying the Software and Manual. TPS may terminate the license if you fail to

NET-G3A Operator’s Manual

Terms and Conditions

comply with any of the Terms or Conditions. You agree to destroy the Software and Manual upon termination of your use of the product. All ownership, copyright and other intellectual property rights in and to the Software belong to TPS. If these license terms are not acceptable, return any unused Software and Manual.

CONFIDENTIALITY This Manual, its contents and the Software

(collectively, the “Confidential Information”) are the confidential and proprietary information of TPS. You agree to treat TPS’ Confidential Information with a degree of care no less stringent that the degree of care you would use in safeguarding your own most valuable trade secrets. Nothing in this paragraph shall restrict you from disclosing Confidential Information to your employees as may be necessary or appropriate to operate or care for the product. Such employees must also keep the Confidentiality Information confidential. In the event you become legally compelled to disclose any of the Confidential Information, you shall give TPS immediate notice so that it may seek a protective order or other appropriate remedy.

WEBSITE; OTHER STATEMENTS No statement contained at the

TPS website (or any other website) or in any other advertisements or TPS literature or made by an employee or independent contractor of TPS modifies these Terms and Conditions (including the Software license, warranty and limitation of liability).

SAFETY Improper use of the product can lead to injury to persons or

property and/or malfunction of the product. The product should only be repaired by authorized TPS warranty service centers. Users should review and heed the safety warnings in an Appendix.

MISCELLANEOUS The above Terms and Conditions may be

amended, modified, superseded, or canceled, at any time by TPS. The above Terms and Conditions will be governed by, and construed in accordance with, the laws of the State of California, without reference to conflict of laws.

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Preface

NOTE

TIP

NOTICE

CAUTION

WARNING

DANGER

Manual Conventions

This manual uses the following conventions:

Example Description

FileExit Click the File menu and click Exit.

Connection Indicates the name of a dialog box or screen.

Frequency Indicates a field on a dialog box or screen, or a tab

within a dialog box or screen.

Enter Press or click the button or key labeled Enter.

Further information to note about the configuration, maintenance, or setup of a system.

Supplementary information that can help you configure, maintain, or set up a system.

viii

Supplementary information that can have an affect on system operation, system performance, measurements, or personal safety.

Notification that an action has the potential to adversely affect system operation, system performance, data integrity, or personal health.

Notification that an action will result in system damage, loss of data, loss of warranty, or personal injury.

Under no circumstances should this action be performed.

NET-G3A Operator’s Manual

Introduction

The Net-G3A receiver (Figure 1-1 on page 1-2) is a multi-frequency, GNSS receiver built to be the most advanced and convenient reference station receiver available today. The receiver is a dedicated permanent or semi-permanent reference station intended for precision markets. Precision markets means markets for equipment, subsystems, surveying components and software, construction, commercial mapping, civil engineering, precision agriculture, landbased construction and agriculture machine control, photogrammetry mapping, hydrographics, and any use reasonably related to the foregoing.

The Net-G3A can receive and process multiple signal types (including the latest GPS L2C, L5, GLONASS C/A L2, and

GALILEO solution, especially under difficult job-site conditions. The following features combine to provide a positioning system efficient, secure, and appropriate for any survey or application that requires highlyaccurate timing and positioning solutions:

• GNSS

• Multiple frequency detection

signals) improving the accuracy and reliability of the

• One-Pulse-Per-Second (1PPS) output and external event timetagging

• External frequency input and internal frequency output

• Network connections

Several other features, including multipath mitigation and antijamming suppressor, provide a reliable and versatile reception of weak signals in degraded signal environments. The receiver provides the functionality, accuracy, availability, and integrity needed for fast and easy data collection and management.

1. Contact Topcon Technical Support for detailed information about the

supported GALILEO signals.

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Introduction

STAT LINK PWR 1

REC

RX/TX

PWR 2

Figure 1-1. Net-G3A Receiver

Principles of Operation

Whether based on a single reference station or a network of reference stations, static and mobile applications that use GNSS data from a high performance reference station benefit from the highest possible levels of accuracy and precision.

This section gives an overview of existing and proposed Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) and receiver functions to help you understand and apply basic operating principles, allowing you to get the most out of your receiver.

GNSS Overview

Currently, the following three global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) offer line-of-site radio navigation and positioning, velocity, and time services on a global, all-weather scale to any user equipped with a GNSS tracking receiver on or near the earth’s surface:

• GPS – the Global Positioning System maintained and operated by the United States Department of Defense. For information on the status of this system, visit the US Naval Observatory website or the US Coast Guard website.

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Principles of Operation

• GLONASS – the Global Navigation Satellite System maintained and operated by the Russian Federation Ministry of Defense. For information on the status of this system, visit the Coordinational Scientific Information Center website.

• GALILEO – an upcoming global positioning system maintained and operated by Galileo Industries, a joint venture of several European space agencies/companies working closely with the European Space Agency. Unlike GPS and GLONASS, this is a civil endeavor and is currently in the development and validation stage. For information on the status of this system, visit the Galileo Industries website.

Despite numerous technical differences in the implementation of these systems, satellite positioning systems have three essential components:

• Space – GPS, GLONASS, and GALILEO satellites orbit approximately 12,000 nautical miles above earth and are equipped with a clock and radio. These satellites broadcast ranging signals and various digital information (ephemerides, almanacs, time&frequency corrections, etc.).

• Control – Ground stations located around the earth that monitor the satellites and upload data, including clock corrections and new ephemerides (satellite positions as a function of time), to ensure the satellites transmit data properly.

• User – The community and military that use GNSS receivers to calculate positions.

Calculating Absolute Positions

When calculating an absolute position, a stationary or moving receiver determines its three-dimensional position with respect to the origin of an Earth-Center Earth-Fixed coordinate system. To calculate this position, the receiver measures the distance (called pseudoranges) between it and at least four satellites. The measured pseudoranges are corrected for clock differences (receiver and satellites) and signal propagation delays due to atmospheric effects. The positions of the satellites are computed from the ephemeris data transmitted to the receiver in navigation messages. When using a single satellite system,

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Introduction

the minimum number of satellites needed to compute a position is four. In a mixed satellite scenario (GPS, GLONASS, GALILEO), the receiver must lock on to five or more satellites to account for the different time scales used in these systems and to obtain an absolute position.

Calculating Differential Positions

DGPS, or Differential GPS, is a relative positioning technique where the measurements from two or more remote receivers are combined and processed using sophisticated algorithms to calculate the receivers’ relative coordinates with high accuracy.

DGPS accommodates various implementation techniques that can be classified according to the following criteria:

• The type of GNSS measurements used, either code-phase differential measurements or carrier-phase differential measurements.

• If real-time or post-mission results are required, then real-time applications can be further divided according to the source of differential data and the communication link used.

With DGPS in its most traditional approach, one receiver is placed at a known, surveyed location and is referred to as the reference receiver or base station. Another receiver is placed at an unknown location and is referred to as the remote receiver or rover receiver. The reference station collects the code-phase and carrier-phase measurements from each GNSS satellite in view.

• For real-time applications, these measurements and the reference station coordinates are then built up to the industry standard RTCM—or various proprietary standards established for transmitting differential data—and broadcast to the remote receiver(s) using a data communication link. The remote receiver applies the transmitted measurement information to its observed measurements of the same satellites.

• For post-mission applications, the simultaneous measurements from reference and remote stations are normally recorded to the receiver’s internal memory (not sent over communication link).

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Principles of Operation

Later, the data is downloaded to a computer, combined, and processed.

Using this technique, the spatially correlated errors—such as satellite orbital errors, ionospheric errors, and tropospheric errors—can be significantly reduced, thus improving the position solution accuracy.

A number of differential positioning implementations exist, including post-processing surveying, real-time kinematic surveying, maritime radio beacons, geostationary satellites (as with the OmniSTAR service), and Satellite Based Augmentation Systems (WAAS, EGNOS, MSAS).

The real-time kinematic (RTK) method is the most precise method of real-time surveying. RTK requires at least two receivers collecting navigation data and a communication data link between the receivers. One of the receivers is usually at a known location (Base) and the other is at an unknown location (Rover). The Base receiver collects carrier phase measurements, generates RTK corrections, and sends this data, along with the coordinates of the reference station, to the Rover receiver. The Rover processes this transmitted data with its own carrier phase observations to compute its relative position with high accuracy, achieving an RTK accuracy of up to 1 cm horizontal and 1.5 cm vertical.

Essential Components for Quality Surveying

Achieving quality position results requires the following elements:

• Accuracy – The accuracy of a position primarily depends upon the satellite geometry (Geometric Dilution of Precision, or GDOP) and the measurement (ranging) errors.

– Differential positioning (DGPS and RTK) strongly mitigates

atmospheric and orbital errors, and counteracts Selective Availability (SA) signals the US Department of Defense transmits with GPS signals.

– The more satellites in view, the stronger the signal, the lower

the DOP number, the higher the positioning accuracy.

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Introduction

• Availability – The availability of satellites affects the calculation of valid positions. The more visible satellites available, the more valid and accurate the position. Natural and man-made objects can block, interrupt and distort signals, lowering the number of available satellites and adversely affecting signal reception.

• Integrity – Fault tolerance allows a position to have greater integrity, increasing accuracy. Several factors combine to provide fault tolerance, including:

– Five or more visible satellites for only GPS or only

GLONASS; six or more satellites for mixed scenarios.

– Satellite Based Augmentation Systems (WAAS, EGNOS,

etc.) creates and transmit, along with DGPS corrections, data integrity information (for example, satellite health warnings).

– Current ephemerides and almanacs.

Receiver Overview

The Net-G3A, with G3 tracking technology, represents the latest in GNSS-capable technology. This receiver provides greater value by virtue of its ability to keep up with changes in GNSS-signal enhancements through simple firmware upgrades, protecting your investment to the highest possible degree.

When power is turned on and the receiver self-test is completed, the receiver’s 144 channels initialize and begin tracking visible satellites. Each of the receiver’s channels can be used to track any one of the GPS, GLONASS, or GALILEO signals. The number of channels available allows the receiver to track all visible GNSS satellites at any time and location.

An external GNSS antenna equipped with a low noise amplifier (LNA) and the receiver’s radio frequency (RF) device are connected with a coaxial cable. The wide-band signal received is downconverted, filtered, digitized, and assigned to different channels. The receiver processor controls the process of signal tracking.

Once the signal is locked in the channel, it is demodulated and necessary signal parameters (carrier and code phases) are measured.

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Principles of Operation

Also, broadcast navigation data are retrieved from the navigation frame.

After the receiver locks on to four or more satellites, its absolute position in WGS-84 and the time offset between the receiver clock and GPS time are computed. This information and the measurement data can be stored in the optional Compact Flash card or the USB mass storage device (UMS) and downloaded later onto a computer, then processed using a post-processing software package. When the receiver operates in RTK mode, raw data measurements can also be recorded into the receiver’s Compact Flash memory or a UMS. This allows the operator to double check real-time results obtained in the field.

The Net-G3A offers a unique collection of features and capabilities in a single design. They include:

• 144 universal tracking channels

• Multipath reduction

• Adjustable phase locked loop (PLL) and delay lock loop (DLL) parameters

• Anti-jamming suppressor

• 1PPS and event marker

• External oscillator input

• GNSS-disciplined internal crystal oscillator output

• RS232C and USB port connectivity

• USB storage device

• Removable memory

• Backup battery system

• Ethernet connectivity

• Web-based management

• Satellite Based Augmentation Systems (WAAS, EGNOS, etc.)

• Dual- or multi-frequency modes, including static, kinematic, realtime kinematic (RTK), and differential (DGPS) survey modes.

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Introduction

• Ntrip server/client and MAC functionality

• Multiple survey parameters, including multiple mask angles, static and dynamic modes, auto data logging, etc.

Getting Acquainted

The standard hardware configuration of the Net-G3A includes:

• a 144-channel GNSS receiver

• four serial data ports

• a USB device and USB host ports

• an Ethernet port

• an interface for controlling and viewing data logging, link, and power status

• a CF card slot

• an external GPS antenna port

• a frequency input/output port

• a 1PPS port and Event Marker port

• two internal batteries (for 25 hours of emergency operation)

• two power ports

Although this is the standard configuration, the OAF must enable some of these features for proper operation. See “Option Authorization File (OAF)” on page 1-21 for details.

The standard Net-G3A kit includes the Net-G3A, a set of cables, power supply, Topcon GPS+ software CD, Compact Flash card, and documentation.

Net-G3A Receiver

The Net-G3A receiver’s advanced and feature packed design provides greater versatility, reliability, and efficiency to implement a cost-effective and productive network infrastructure in a timely manner. Managed with the GNSS Receiver Interface Language (GRIL) and equipped with various hardware interfaces, this receiver offers unchallenged flexibility:

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NET-G3A Operator’s Manual

Getting Acquainted

• Flexibility in software applications that control and monitor the receiver’s behavior, including PC-CDU, TRU, and TopNET, as well as user-written applications.

• Flexibility in the physical interface used to connect the receiver with various external devices, including computers, network devices, various sensors, frequency sources, etc.

MINTER

The MINTER is the receiver’s minimum interface used to display and control data input and output (Figure 1-2 on page 1-10).

The STAT LED displays the status of tracked satellites.

• Red blink – receiver is on, but no satellites are being tracked.

• Green blink – receiver is on and tracking satellites; one blink per tracked GPS satellite.

• Orange blink – receiver is on and tracking satellites; one blink per tracked GLONASS satellite.

The LINK LED displays Ethernet connection status.

• Solid Green – A valid Ethernet connection with an active device on the network is established.

• Off – No Ethernet connection is established.

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Introduction

STAT LINK PWR 1

REC RX/TX PWR 2

STAT LED LINK LED Power LEDs Function Button

Power Button

REC LED RX/TX LED

Figure 1-2. Net-G3A MINTER

The PWR LEDs display the status of power supplied from the

corresponding external or internal power source.

• Solid Green – The receiver accepts power from an external power source connected to the corresponding PWR port. This power is within an allowed operating voltage range (6–28 V DC).

The corresponding backup battery is fully charged.

• Solid Yellow – The receiver accepts power from an external power source connected to the corresponding PWR port, and this power is within an allowed operating voltage range (6–28 V DC), but is not being used to power the receiver.

• Solid Red – A power failure has occurred (with the connected power source) or power is not supplied to the corresponding PWR port. For details, see “Powering Problems” on page 5-2.

• Green blinks plus red blinks – The receiver accepts power from an external power source connected to the corresponding PWR port and is charging the corresponding battery.

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Getting Acquainted

• Red blinks – The receiver is charging the corresponding battery.

• Off – The receiver consumes power from internal backup batteries or the receiver is turned off.

The REC LED displays the data recording status. See “The FN

button” on page 1-11 for more information on REC LED behavior when using the function button.

• Green blinks – Each blink indicates that data is being written to the CF card.

• Solid Orange – This indicates the receiver is changing modes.

• Orange blinks – This indicates that the receiver is checking its internal file system (after clearing the NVRAM or loading new firmware). During this operation, the file system is not accessible for CDU (control display unit) applications or for data recording. This operation may require from fractions of a second to several minutes, depending on the circumstances and the amount of memory on the CF card. If the LED blinks orange every second, this also indicates that raw data is being transferred to a UMS device.

• Solid Red – This indicates a fault condition with the receiver (memory full, no CF card installed, a hardware problem, or an improper OAF).

Table 1-1 on page 1-12 describes the REC LED status when using the FN button.

The RX TX LED displays the status of the internal radio modem. In

the current version, the LED is off and is retained for future updates.

The power button turns the receiver on and off. The FN button switches the receiver between information modes and

post-processing modes, starts/stops data recording, and changes the baud rate of the serial port to 9600. See “MINTER Operation” on page 3-16 for more information.

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Introduction

Table 1-1 describes the REC LED status when using the FN button.

Table 1-1. FN Button Operations and REC LED Status

FN Key REC LED Status

When data recording is off, and the FN key is...

No light No data recording.

Not pressed

Pressed for < 1 second

Pressed for 1–5 seconds

Pressed for 5–8 seconds

Pressed for > 8 seconds

Orange blink Internal file system test in progress.

Red No free memory; hardware problem with

data recording; no CF card.

If FN key mode is “LED blink mode switch”

Orange Release to change information mode.

If FN key mode is “Occupation mode switch”

Orange No function.

If FN key mode is “LED blink mode switch”

Green Release to start data recording (post-

processing occupation mode undefined).

If FN key mode is “Occupation mode switch”

Green Release to start recording (Kinematic or

Static post-processing occupation mode).

Red Release to turn serial port A baud rate to

9600 bps.

No light No function.

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NET-G3A Operator’s Manual

Table 1-1. FN Button Operations and REC LED Status (Continued)

FN Key REC LED Status

When data recording is on, and the FN key is...

Red No free memory; hardware problem with

data recording.

If FN key mode is “LED blink mode switch”

Green Data recording started (post-processing

occupation mode undefined).

Getting Acquainted

Not pressed

Pressed for < 1 second

Pressed for 1–5 seconds

Pressed for 5–8 seconds

Pressed for > 8 seconds

If FN key mode is Occupation mode switch

Green Data recording started (Kinematic post-

processing occupation mode).

Orange Data recording started (Static post-

processing occupation mode).

If FN key mode is “LED blink mode switch”

Orange Release to change information mode.

If FN key mode is “Occupation mode switch”

Orange Release to toggle between Static and

Kinematic post-processing modes.

No light Release to stop data recording.

Red Release to turn serial port A baud rate to

9600 bps.

No light No function (data recording still on).

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Introduction

Serial Port

Data and Power Ports

The Net-G3A has ports on both the front and back panels.

The front panel has one port (Figure 1-3): Serial (7 pin ODU-MINI-

SNAP) – used for communication between the receiver and an external device. This is the receiver’s serial port A.

STAT LINK PWR 1

REC RX/TX PWR 2

Figure 1-3. Net-G3A Front Panel Ports

The back panel has the following 10 ports (Figure 1-5 on

page 1-16):

• Serial ports (9 pin D-shell connector) – used for communication between the receiver and an external device.

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Getting Acquainted

Ethernet and

USB ports

Connects to the Ethernet/USB port on the receiver

• Ethernet/USB port (12-pin ODU-MINI-SNAP) – used to connect the receiver to a computer or network via the adapter cable, which is also connected to the Ethernet/USB port.

Figure 1-4. Adapter Cable

• 1 PPS port (BNC connector) – used for generating one pulse per second signals with programmable reference time, period, and offset. The pulse is synchronized to a specified reference time.

• Event Marker port (BNC connector) – used to input an event synchronized with a specified time reference.

• GPS Antenna port (Type N connector) – used for detecting GNSS signals.

• External Frequency port (BNC connector) – used for an external frequency input or the receiver’s internal frequency output.

• Power ports (5 pin ODU-MINI-SNAP) – used to connect the receiver to an external power source.

• USB (Mini-B) – used for high-speed data transfer and communication between the receiver and an external device. This port is located on the adapter cable, which is connected to the Ethernet/USB port.

• USB (Type A) – used to transfer raw data files from the receiver’s CF card to the connected USB mass storage device (UMS). This

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Introduction

ANTENNA

1 PPS

SERIAL B

SERIAL C

SERIAL D

PWR 2

PWR 1

ETHERNET/USB

EVENT

EXT

FREQ

Antenna

External Frequency Event Serial Ethernet/USB

1 PPS Serial Power

port is located on the adapter cable, which is connected to the Ethernet/USB port.

Figure 1-5. Net-G3A Back Panel Ports

CF Card Slot

The CF (Compact Flash) card slot resides on the front panel under the door (Figure 1-6 on page 1-17) and connects an optional CF card to the receiver board to provide memory. A Compact Flash card can be purchased at your local computer supply store. See “CF Cards Compatible with the Net-G3A” on page A-15 for a list of compact flash cards successfully tested with the Net-G3A. Before using any other CF cards, consult with Topcon customer support about compatibility. See “Obtaining Customer Support” on page 5-7.

The receiver recognizes up to 2 GB of memory. The recognizable capacity is controlled through the corresponding receiver option.

Once installed, the CF card usually remains inside the receiver. The data that resides on the CF card can be accessed via the serial, USB, or Ethernet port.

To preserve data integrity, only install or remove the CF card when the receiver is powered off.

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NET-G3A Operator’s Manual

Getting Acquainted

CF Card Slot

Card Slot Button

Always initialize the file system on the installed CF card before the first use. The initialization procedure is described in “Initializing File System” on page 4-12.

STAT LINK PWR 1

REC RX/TX PWR 2

Figure 1-6. Net-G3A CF Card Slot

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Introduction

Mounting Holes

The receiver has four mounting holes on the bottom to install #8-32 screws for a permanent mount (Figure 1-7). Installing the receiver using these screws prevents unwanted movement.

Figure 1-7. Net-G3A Bottom Mounting Holes

Cables and Power Supply

The Net-G3A package includes standard communication and power cables for configuring the receiver and providing a power source to the receiver. Table 1-2 lists these cables.

Table 1-2. Net-G3A Package Cables

Cable Description Cable Illustration

USB Cable

Connects the receiver to an external device (controller or computer) for high-speed data transfer and receiver configuration.

p/n 14-008081-01

This can also be purchased at any local computer store.

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NET-G3A Operator’s Manual

Table 1-2. Net-G3A Package Cables (Continued)

Cable Description Cable Illustration

Serial Cable

Connects the receiver to an external device (controller or computer) for data transfer and receiver configuration. Body of connector is black.

p/n 14-008005-03

Adapter Cable (with Ethernet and USB ports)

Connects the receiver to a cross-over or straight-through Ethernet cable for networking.

p/n 14-008180-01LF

1PPS, Event Marker, External Frequency In/Out Cable

Connects the receiver’s 1PPS, EVENT, or EXT FREQ connector with the corresponding connector on an external device.

p/n 14-008010-01LF

Null Modem Cable

Connects the receiver with an external device (controller or computer) for data transfer and receiver configuration.

p/n 14-008086-01

Can also be purchased at any local computer store.

Getting Acquainted

Power Cable

Connects the power supply unit to a grounded outlet.

U.S. p/n 14-008052-01 Europe p/n 14-008054-01

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Introduction

Table 1-2. Net-G3A Package Cables (Continued)

Cable Description Cable Illustration

Power Supply Unit

Converts the alternating current (AC) supplied from an electrical outlet to a direct current (DC) for powering the receiver.

The unit connects to the receiver via the receiver power cable (see the power related sections in Chapter 2).

p/n 22-034101-01

Receiver Power Cable

Connects the receiver and the power supply unit via SAE connectors. Body of connector is red.

p/n 14-008016-04LF

Fused Pigtail Cable

Connects the receiver power cable via SAE connectors with a custom power supply unit via bare wires.

p/n 14-008099-01

Other Kit Accessories

The standard accessories in the Net-G3A package includes a 512 MB CF memory card, a CD that contains standard Topcon GPS+ configuration software, a fuse, and receiver documentation.

GPS+ Software

Topcon

card

Figure 1-8. Net-G3A Included Accessories

For more details on the optional accessories and packages available for the Net-G3A, contact your local Topcon dealer.

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NET-G3A Operator’s Manual

Option Authorization File (OAF)

Topcon Positioning Systems issues an Option Authorization File (OAF) to enable the specific options that customers purchase. An Option Authorization File allows customers to customize and configure the receiver according to particular needs, thus only purchasing those options needed.

Typically, all receivers ship with a temporary OAF that allows it to be used for a predetermined period of time. When the receiver is purchased, a new OAF permanently activates desired, purchased options. Receiver options remain intact when clearing the NVRAM or resetting the receiver.

The OAF enables the following kinds of functions. For a complete list of available options and details, visit the TPS website at www.topconpositioning.com or consult your TPS dealer.

• Type of signal (standard L1; optional L2, L5 GPS, GLONASS, GALILEO)

• External CF memory card

• Update rate standard 1Hz (optional 5, 10, or 50 or 100Hz)

• RTK at 1Hz, 5Hz, 10Hz, 20Hz, and 50 or 100Hz

• RTCM/CMR Input/Output

• 1PPS

•Event Marker

• Frequency Input/Output

• Anti-jamming

•Ethernet

•FTP

• Advanced multipath reduction

• Satellite Based Augmentation System (WAAS, EGNOS, MSAS)

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Introduction

Notes:

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NET-G3A Operator’s Manual

Pre-setup Preparation

Successful deployment and operation of a Reference Station system with the Net-G3A receiver requires careful site planning, feasibility studies, and proper equipment configuration. These factors are critical to maximize the performance of the Net-G3A and to seamlessly integrate the receiver into an existing network or in establishing a new network.

Once a location for the Net-G3A has been determined, you can begin installing the hardware and software required to configure and maintain the Net-G3A. After determining the application, use the selected software to configure the receiver for your application. Finally, collect almanacs and ephemerides to begin working with the Net-G3A in its intended application. The following sections describe these steps in detail:

• “Determining the Reference Station Site” on page 2-2

• “Installing Topcon Software” on page 2-5

• “Installing the CF Card” on page 2-8

• “Installing the USB Mass Storage Device (UMS)” on page 2-9

• “Powering the Receiver” on page 2-11

• “Charging the Backup Batteries” on page 2-13

• “Collecting Almanacs and Ephemerides” on page 2-14

• “Connecting the Receiver and a Computer” on page 2-15

• “Power Management” on page 2-24

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Determining the Reference Station Site

The site at which the reference station will be installed requires that the project team make in advance specific decisions about the goals of the project and therefore the application. Once the application has been decided and the goals clarified, a site inspection will help determine specific hardware/software setups and other requirements.

For more details on site planning, refer to the UNAVCO website (http://facility.unavco.org/) and the National Geodetic Survey (USA) CORS website (www.ngs.noaa.gov/CORS/ Establish_Operate_CORS.html), specifically the document titled

Guidelines for New and Existing Continuously Operating Reference Stations (CORS).

Consider the Net-G3A Reference Station Application

Several decisions about the reference station application need to be determined before considering both the physical location and the receiver setup. These decisions affect virtually all the associated project planning, site inspection, hardware/software setup, and data gathering activities. Among the questions to consider are the following:

• who the end-user will be and how many there will be (those accessing the data, those analyzing the data, etc.)

• what kinds of communication links will be used

• what kind of data are required and data formats

• where the receiver needs to be placed (based on available sites and intended application)

• how the receiver will be used: as a single reference station or as part of a network

• how long the project will last: a short-term or a long-term project

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NET-G3A Operator’s Manual

Determining the Reference Station Site

All project team members should have a clear understanding of the project’s purpose, goals, and application. Once the goals of the application have been identified, preliminary sites can be chosen, and then narrowed down to the most appropriate site.

Perform a Site Inspection for the Net-G3A Reference Station

When determining the location in which to place the Net-G3A, consider the relative safety of the physical location for both the receiver and personnel. Successful installation and operation of the reference station should meet the following guidelines:

• Location of the site and the receiver

The building site should have a clear view of the sky with no reflective objects or surfaces in the vicinity.

The location of the receiver Receiver should be indoors, placed on a flat surface (such as a table or stable shelf), provide free access to the receiver’s front and rear panels, and be easy to reach and handle for maintenance activities.

• Equipment connectivity and antenna cabling system

The site should provide appropriate routings for connecting the various equipment. Cables should be unobtrusive, but easy to maintain.

For proper equipment connectivity and functionality, use only original and dedicated cables. Consider the following recommendations when connecting your devices:

– Label each cable.

On all cable ends, securely attach a sticker with a cable identifier.

– Do not exceed standard cable lengths.

The cable length should not exceed the maximum distance specified in appropriate standards for the cable being used.

– Keep all cable connectors free of dust, dirt, and

contaminants.

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Pre-setup Preparation

– If you make your own cables, make sure that the cables

are properly crimped.

– Verify that you have connected each cable to its mating

connector, and it is firmly seated.

Building an antenna cabling system is one of the key components to successful operation of the Reference Station—especially when using an antenna cable longer than 30 meters or connecting multiple antennas to the same receiver. For guidelines on building a cabling system, see “Building an Antenna Cabling System” on page 3-20.

• Power accessibility

The site should provide and meet power specifications for the receiver and other installed equipment. The receiver should have direct access to a grounded outlet.

The Net-G3A is designed to accept two external power inputs and automatically switch during power fluctuations to keep the receiver operational.

– PWR 1 can be connected to the main power using the

Universal Power Supply included with the Net-G3A.

– PWR 2 can be connected to any alternative power source

capable of supplying 6 to 28 V DC (including an Uninterrupted Power Supply).

If the main power fails, then the unit automatically switches from PWR 1 to PWR 2. When power is restored on PWR 1, the Net-G3A reverts to PWR 1, maintaining continuous operation throughout the power interruption.

If both power inputs fail to deliver power to the receiver, then the intelligent Battery-based Energy STorage (iBEST) system will maintain continuous emergency operation. This system provides you with ample time (up to 25 hours) to save valuable data, isolate the problem, and restore the normal operation without an interruption in the service. When the normal operation is restored, the iBEST system automatically transfers the load to an external power source and maintains the backup batteries in a charged condition.

• Temperature and humidity control

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NET-G3A Operator’s Manual

Installing Topcon Software

The Net-G3A is designed to withstand harsh field environments and can be used as a temporary or semipermanent Reference Station, as needed. For permanent installations, install the Net-G3A in a more protected and controlled environment.

• Protection against lightning and other power surges

To protect against sudden surges in electricity, installing lightning finials, surge protectors, etc. will help shield electronic equipment from direct or indirect lightning strikes. Consult a certified electrician for recommendations and installation.

Installing Topcon Software

The Topcon GPS+ CD includes the following software programs used for configuring and maintaining the receiver. This software is also available on the Topcon website (www.topconpositioning.com) to registered users.

• PC-CDU ver. 7.12 or newer

• Topcon Link ver 7.2 or newer

If you are installing the program(s) from the GPS+ CD, insert the CD into the computer’s CD-ROM drive. If you are downloading the program(s) from the website, then extract the program’s files into a folder on the computer’s hard drive. Refer to the Topcon Link documentation for details on installation and usage.

If you purchased the TopNET reference station software suite, then refer to the corresponding documentation for installing and using this software and for configuring the Net-G3A using TopNET.

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• FLoader ver 1.0.07 or newer

2-5

Pre-setup Preparation

NOTICE

Installing PC-CDU

PC-CDU™ is a comprehensive Windows® software product designed for controlling GPS+ receivers developed by Topcon Positioning Systems. PC-CDU uses the GNSS Receiver Interface Language (GRIL) to configure various receiver settings and diagnose receiver performance. PC-CDU is available for free on the Topcon website (www.topconpositioning.com) or the GPS+ CD.

Computer requirements for PC-CDU are: Windows® 98 or newer and an RS-232C or USB port. Use PC-CDU version 7.12 or newer to correctly configure the receiver.

Refer to the PC-CDU Reference Manual for full details on installing and using PC-CDU.

1. Create a PC-CDU folder on your computer’s hard drive, and place the compressed PC-CDU zip file (retrieved from either the Topcon website or the GPS+ CD) in this folder.

2. Navigate to the PC-CDU folder, and double-click the PC-CDU zip file.

3. Extract the PCCDU.EXE and associated *.dll file to the PC-CDU folder (Figure 2-1).

4. Create a shortcut on the computer’s desktop for quick access to PC-CDU (Figure 2-1).

2-6

Figure 2-1. Extract Program and Create Shortcut

NET-G3A Operator’s Manual

Installing Topcon Software

To uninstall PC-CDU, navigate to the location of the *.exe file.

Select the file, and press Delete.

Installing FLoader

FLoader is a firmware loading program for the GPS board inside the receiver. FLoader is available for free on the TPS website (www.topconpositioning.com) or the GPS+ CD.

Computer requirements for FLoader are: Windows® 98 or newer and an RS-232C port. Use FLoader version 1.0.07 or newer to correctly configure the receiver.

1. Create an FLoader folder on your computer’s hard drive, and

place the compressed FLoader zip file (retrieved from either the website or the GPS+ CD) in this folder.

2. Navigate to the FLoader folder, and double-click the FLoader

zip file.

3. Extract the FLoader.exe file to the FLoader folder (Figure 2-2).

4. Create a shortcut on the computer’s desktop for quick access to

FLoader (Figure 2-2).

Figure 2-2. Extract Program and Create Shortcut

To uninstall FLoader, navigate to the location of the *.exe file.

Select the file, and press Delete.

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Pre-setup Preparation

CAUTION

Installing the CF Card

Behind the door of the front panel is a slot for the optional CF card. The CF card provides memory space in which to save logged data. The Net-G3A package includes a 512MB CF card or an optional 2GB CF card. A CF card can also be purchased at your local computer supply store.

Make sure to install the CF card prior to operating the Net-G3A. The door also provides quick access to the card for removal.

To preserve data integrity, only install or remove the CF card when the receiver is powered off.

1. Ensure the receiver is turned off.

2. Turn the two door screws to the left to open the door.

3. Carefully insert the CF card, label side up, into the CF card slot (Figure 2-3 on page 2-8).

2-8

Eject Button

card

STAT LINK PWR 1

REC

RX/TX

PWR 2

Insert CF Card

Figure 2-3. Install the CF Card

NET-G3A Operator’s Manual

Installing the USB Mass Storage Device (UMS)

NOTICE

CAUTION

Ensure the button is recessed before closing the receiver door.

Once the receiver is turned on, the receiver board detects the CF card and is ready for use as needed.

Always initialize the file system on the installed CF card before the first use. The initialization procedure is described on “Initializing File System” on page 4-12.

To remove the CF card, first turn off the receiver. Open the receiver

door, and press the small button to the left of the card slot. The CF card pops out.

Installing the USB Mass Storage Device (UMS)

Connect the adapter cable to the Ethernet/USB port on the rear panel. This adapter cable is equipped with a type A USB port for the optional UMS device. The UMS provides a sleek and high-capacity storage solution for transferring raw data files from the receiver’s CF card. The Net-G3A supports flash-based UMS devices as well as hard drive-based UMS devices with USB 1.1/2.0 interface. A UMS device can be purchased at your local computer supply store.

Before using the UMS device, it should be formatted to a FAT32 file system, properly connected to the NET-G3A receiver, and activated. For more details, see “Formatting the UMS Device” on page 2-10 and “Connecting and Activating the UMS Device” on page 2-10.

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Pre-setup Preparation

CAUTION

Formatting the UMS Device

The NET-G3A requires an external UMS device formatted for the FAT32 file system. The UMS device can be formatted using the internal Disk Management application provided by Microsoft Windows; however, this application cannot create partitions larger than 32 GB. For more information about FAT32 limitations and how to format the UMS device to the FAT32 file system using the Disk Management application, refer to Microsoft® Help and Support at www.support.microsoft.com. If you want more than 32 GB of disk space on the UMS device, then use external disk-partition software.

Formatting the UMS device permanently erases all data on the device. Back up any data that you want to keep before formatting the device.

Connecting and Activating the UMS Device

1. Connect the adapter cable to the Ethernet/USB port on the rear panel of the Net-G3A receiver.

USB flash device

USB hard device

Figure 2-4. Connecting the UMS Device

2. Connect the UMS device to the type A USB port on the adapter cable. (See Figure 2-4). The receiver does not have to be turned

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NET-G3A Operator’s Manual

Powering the Receiver

CAUTION

on. If the receiver is turned on, then the receiver board begins to detect the UMS device and the REC LED blinks yellow.

3. If necessary, supply power to the UMS device:

• For a flash-based UMS device, the NET-G3A supplies enough power through the USB connection that an external power supply for the UMS device is not necessary.

• For a hard drive-based UMS device, it is recommended to power it through an external AC power adapter available with the device.

4. To start using the UMS device, it should be activated. For information about the activation procedure, see “Downloading Data Files to a UMS Device” on page 4-4.

To remove the UMS device, Carefully take out the UMS device

from the USB port.

To preserve data integrity, only install or remove the UMS device when the receiver’s REC LED does not blink orange.

Powering the Receiver

The Net-G3A receiver is designed to derive power from external power sources (Figure 2-5 on page 2-12) or its backup batteries (iBEST). When setting up the receiver, consider the following powering requirements:

• Never use an extension cord for permanent power supply. This kind of setup can create a fire hazard.

• Always use a grounded outlet.

• Use a surge protector to protect connected electronics devices.

The Net-G3A has two power ports and either port powers the receiver.

To power on the Net-G3A:

1. Connect the power cable to the power supply unit.

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Pre-setup Preparation

2. Connect the SAE connectors on the power adapter cable and power supply unit.

3. Connect the power adapter cable to a PWR port on the receiver’s rear panel.

4. Plug the power supply to an available outlet.

To grounded

outlet

Figure 2-5. Connecting the Net-G3 to a Power Source

Checking Power Status

You can check the receiver’s power status using the PWR LEDs or available Topcon software. The power LEDs on the receiver indicate the following power status:

• Solid Green – power within the acceptable range (6–28 V DC) is present on this PWR port and is being used to power the receiver.

The corresponding backup battery is fully charged.

• Solid Yellow – power within the acceptable range (6–28 V DC) is present on this PWR port but is not being used to power the receiver.

• Solid Red – either a power failure has occurred (with connected power source) or power is not present on this PWR port. For details, see “Powering Problems” on page 5-2.

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NET-G3A Operator’s Manual

Charging the Backup Batteries

NOTICE

• Green blinks – power within the acceptable range (6–28 V DC) is present on this PWR port and is being used to power the receiver and to charge the corresponding battery.

• Red blinks – the corresponding backup battery is being charged.

• Off – the receiver consumes power from internal backup batteries or the receiver is turned off.

Refer to the corresponding software manual for details on checking the power status via installed software.

Turning On/Off the Receiver

To turn on the receiver, press and hold the power button until the LEDs briefly flash.

To turn off the receiver, press and hold the power key for more than one and less than four seconds (until both the STAT and the REC LEDs are off). This delay (about 1 second) prevents the receiver from being turned off by mistake.

Charging the Backup Batteries

The charging circuitry of the iBEST system automatically charges the backup batteries whenever the Net-G3A is plugged into an external power source via any PWR connector. The receiver has to be on to charge the batteries.

The iBEST system charges the backup batteries when the input voltage is between +12 and +16 Vdc.

An approximately 8-hour charge cycle fully charges the batteries; the batteries charge simultaneously. The batteries cannot be overcharged.

When fully charged, the iBEST system provides up to 25 hours of emergency operation (approximate, at room temperature). If the iBEST system detects the return of normal external voltages at any time during emergency operation, then the system automatically uses

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Pre-setup Preparation

the power supplied by the external source and maintains the backup batteries in a charged condition.

The Li-Ion batteries used in the iBEST system should run at no less than 80 percent capacity after 500 charging cycles. These batteries do not need to be drained before recharging.

Collecting Almanacs and Ephemerides

Each satellite broadcasts a navigation message that includes the ephemeris parameters of the satellite, the almanac, and various other information. The ephemeris parameters describe the orbital motion of the satellite and are used to predict its location/trajectory. The almanac gives the approximate orbit (course) for the transmitting satellite and all other satellites in the same system only.

• GPS and GLONASS satellites broadcast ephemeris data cyclically within 30 seconds.

• GPS satellites broadcast almanac data cyclically within 12.5 minutes; GLONASS satellites broadcast almanac data cyclically within 2.5 minutes.

When the receiver has an almanac, you can considerably reduce the time needed to search for and lock onto satellite signals.

The receiver regularly updates the almanac and ephemerides and stores the most recent versions in its Non-Volatile Random Access Memory (NVRAM).

You need to collect or update the almanac and ephemerides under the following circumstances:

• If the receiver has been off for a long time.

• If the last known receiver position, stored in the NVRAM, is different from the present position by several hundred kilometers.

• After loading a new OAF.

• After loading new firmware.

• After clearing the NVRAM.

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Connecting the Receiver and a Computer

NOTICE

To collect almanacs and ephemerides:

1. Set up the receiver.

The external antenna should be in a location with a clear view of the sky.

2. Turn on the receiver.

3. Wait for about 15 minutes while the receiver collects complete

almanac and ephemeris data from the satellites.

If 15 minutes have passed and the receiver does not lock onto satellites, then clear the NVRAM. See “Clearing the NVRAM” on page 4-18 for details.

Connecting the Receiver and a Computer

Once you have established a connection between the receiver and the computer, you can configure the receiver and its components, send commands to the receiver, and download files from the receiver’s memory. To do this, use the installed software PC-CDU or use TopNET, etc. Both PC-CDU and TopNET provide an interface for various configuration, monitoring, and management functions for the receiver. Other software, such as FLoader, are used to update, maintain, or configure the components of a connected receiver.

The Net-G3A uses the following types of cables to connect with a computer:

• RS232 cable (See “Establishing an RS232 Cable Connection” on page 2-16.)

• USB cable – the TPS USB driver must be installed on the computer (See “Establishing a USB Cable Connection” on page 2-17.)

• Ethernet cable – the computer must have a network card and be configured with the TCP/IP protocol (See “Establishing an Ethernet Connection” on page 2-17.)

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Pre-setup Preparation

STAT LINK PWR 1

REC RX/TX

PWR 2

Rear Panel

Front Panel

Establishing an RS232 Cable Connection

The following steps describe the physical connection of the cable, receiver, and computer. For a description of a software connection with the receiver, see “PC-CDU Connection Parameters” on page 2-

22.

1. Using the RS232 cable, connect the serial port of your computer (usually COM1) to the receiver’s serial port (either ODU or DE-9). Use the serial port most convenient for you because both are equal in functionality but simply require different cables.

Figure 2-6. Net-G3A Serial Ports

2. Press the power buttons on the receiver and computer to turn them on.

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Connecting the Receiver and a Computer

USB Cable

USB Ports

Adapter

Cable

Ethernet/USB

Connector

Establishing a USB Cable Connection

Make sure the computer has the TPS USB driver installed. The following steps describe the physical connection of the cable, receiver, and computer. “PC-CDU Connection Parameters” on page 2-22 describes a software connection with the receiver.

1. Using the USB cable, connect the USB port of your computer to

the receiver’s Ethernet/USB port located on the rear panel via the adapter cable.

Figure 2-7. Net-G3A USB Ports

2. Press the power buttons on the receiver and computer to turn

them on.

Establishing an Ethernet Connection

Make sure the IP settings of the receiver have been configured before connecting the receiver and computer using an Ethernet connection. This configuration requires connecting the receiver and computer using an RS232 cable before connecting them with an Ethernet cable. See “Configuring an Ethernet Connection Using PC-CDU” on page 2-19 for details.

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Pre-setup Preparation

Straight-through Cable to Network Hub

Crossover Cable to Computer

The Net-G3A and associated software have two Ethernet connection options using the Ethernet adapter from the Net-G3A kit and an Ethernet cable purchased from a computer supply store:

• a direct connection – requires an Ethernet crossover cable

• an existing TCP/IP Ethernet network connection – requires an Ethernet straight-through cable

The following steps describe the physical connection of the cables, receiver, and computer. “PC-CDU Connection Parameters” on page 2-22 describes a software connection with the receiver.

1. Insert the 12-pin connector of the Ethernet adapter into the receiver’s ETHR port.

2. Connect the other end of this adapter to either end of the Ethernet crossover or straight-through cable.

3. Plug the second end of the Ethernet cable into the Ethernet jack on the back of the computer or into a network hub or switch.

2-18

Figure 2-8. Connect Ethernet Cable

NET-G3A Operator’s Manual

Connecting the Receiver and a Computer

NOTICE

Configuring an Ethernet Connection Using PC-CDU

Before you can use the Ethernet option on a Net-G3A, the settings for this connection method need to be configured. You will need the following hardware/software components to use an Ethernet connection.

• A computer with an Ethernet card installed and the TCP/IP protocol configured.

• The latest version of PC-CDU.

• A Net-G3A receiver with an installed Ethernet port and the Ethernet port option enabled. For network connections, enable the FTP connections option. See “Managing Receiver Options” on page 4-14 for checking receiver options.

• A network connection requires a unique static IP address whether or not a Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) is used on the network, a subnet mask, and a default gateway for each receiver.

When connecting TPS receivers to a network, work closely with the system administrator to ensure a successful connection.

The following procedure describes how to connect the receiver to a computer using Ethernet ports and how to configure the receiver to be recognized in a network. The example in this procedure uses a protocol with the following settings:

• IP address – 192.168.0.1

• Gateway – 192.168.0.3 (For a direct connection: If two devices are directly connected and have no connections to another network, then the gateway address can be set to all zeros.)

• Subnet mask – 255.255.255.0

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Pre-setup Preparation

TIP

Both Ethernet connection methods are included in the following procedure.

Use a direct Ethernet connection to test the effectiveness of this connection method before connecting to a network.

1. Connect the receiver and computer using an RS232 cable. See “Establishing an RS232 Cable Connection” on page 2-16 for details.

2. Start PC-CDU, and select the following connection parameters. Click Connect.

• Connection Mode – Direct

• Port – the serial port connecting the computer and receiver

• Baud rate – the communication rate between the computer and receiver (usually 115200)

3. Click ConfigurationReceiverPortsEthernet.

4. Select the following IP Settings for the receiver (Figure 2-9 on

page 2-21):

• IP Address – enter the same value as the computer’s IP address, but increment the last number by one. The last number must differ from the computer's IP address but be within the 0 to 255 range (for example, 192.168.0.2).

• IP Mask – enter the same number used for the computer.

• Gateway – enter the same number used for the computer.

5. In the Telnet Settings area, leave all settings at the defaults, but

ensure that TCP port is set to 8002 (Figure 2-9 on page 2-21).

•TCP port

– 8002 (default value). This is the port on which the

receiver listens for telnet-like connections. The receiver allows up to five simultaneous telnet-like connections.

•Timeout – 600 (default value). This parameter sets the amount of time in seconds the receiver allows an inactive connection to remain open. After this time, the receiver terminates the unused connection.

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NET-G3A Operator’s Manual

Connecting the Receiver and a Computer

6. For network connections, configure FTP Settings (optional) with

the following selections (Figure 2-9):

• TCP port – 21 (default value). This is the port on which the receiver listens for an FTP connection. The receiver allows up to five FTP connections at a time.

• Timeout – 600 (default value). This parameter sets the length of time in seconds the receiver allows an inactive connection to remain open. After this time, the receiver terminates the unused connection.

7. If required, enter a Network Password to access the FTP server

(Figure 2-9).

Figure 2-9. Ethernet Connection Settings – FTP Network Example

8. Click Apply, and then OK to set the parameters.

9. Click ToolsReset receiver to restart the receiver.

10. Click FileDisconnect.

11. Connect the receiver and computer or a networking device (hub, switch, etc) as described in “Establishing an Ethernet Connection” on page 2-17.

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Pre-setup Preparation

RS232

USB

PC-CDU Connection Parameters

When connecting to the receiver via PC-CDU, the type of connection determines the parameters to select. Table 2-1 and Table 2-2 list the parameters for the four connection types.

Table 2-1. PC-CDU Connection Parameters for RS232 and USB

Parameter RS232 USB

Connection Mode

Port Port connecting the computer

Baud Rate Communication rate between

Rec ID n/a Receiver’s identification

Direct

USB and receiver (typically COM1, COM2 for RS232)

n/a the receiver and the computer (usually 115200)

number

2-22

Figure 2-10. PC-CDU Connection Settings – RS232 and USB

NET-G3A Operator’s Manual

Connecting the Receiver and a Computer

Table 2-2. PC-CDU Connection Parameters for Ethernet

Parameter Direct Network

Connection

Direct

Mode

Port ETHR

TCP port 8002 (default)

Host name IP address assigned to the receiver

Password n/a Assigned during initial setup

Figure 2-11. PC-CDU Connection Settings – Ethernet (Direct Example)

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Pre-setup Preparation

Power Management

Topcon’s PC-CDU software provides an interface for various configuration, monitoring, and management functions for the receiver. For power management of the receiver, PC-CDU displays the current voltage for the power source.

1. Connect your receiver and computer. See “Connecting the Receiver and a Computer” on page 2-15 for this procedure.

2. Once connected, click ConfigurationReceiver.

3. View the Voltages information (Figure 2-12).

External and On Board display the voltage drawn by the receiver.

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Figure 2-12. View Voltages Information

NET-G3A Operator’s Manual

Net-G3A Configuration and Setup

The Net-G3A is intended primarily for use as a permanent or semipermanent GNSS Reference Station to establish networks supporting both real-time and post-processing applications. Observation data can be streamed through any port to any device capable of receiving and utilizing it, including TopNET Reference Station software. Data can also be logged internally to removable CF cards for downloading to support static or kinematic surveying, mapping, monitoring, and positioning applications.

The Net-G3A is configurable for single to multiple scenarios, including the following:

• permanent and semi-permanent Reference Station

• temporary campaign receiver

• RTK or DGPS rover (for monitoring a fixed location, system monitoring, or mobile data collecting)

This chapter contains information on the basic configuration of the Net-G3A for some of these applications. Further configuration information is contained in the PC-CDU manual as well as the TopNET software manuals.

Regardless of the intended application or configuration software, the basic setup of the Net-G3A includes the following steps:

• “Configuring the Receiver” on page 3-2

• “MINTER Description and Configuration” on page 3-9

• “Receiver Setup as a Temporary Reference Station” on page 3-21

• “Static Surveying for Reference Stations” on page 3-26

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WARNING

Configuring the Receiver

The Net-G3A is generally configured as a static Reference Station that collects GNSS measurement information and logs the data internally to a removable CF card, streams the data to a central computer, and possibly connects directly to one or more radios (or any combination of these configurations). Topcon's PC-CDU and TopNET software are used to manage and configure the various functions of the receiver. Configuration settings are saved to the NVRAM of the GNSS receiver board and are reflected when using the MINTER.

The full range of both PC-CDU and TopNET configuration and operation are outside the scope of this manual. For more information on any of the procedures in this section, or on PC-CDU or TopNET, refer to the appropriate manual available from Topcon.

Once you have established a connection between the receiver and the computer, you will be able to:

• configure the receiver and its components

• send commands to the receiver

• download files from the receiver’s memory

• load a new OAF and other configuration files to a receiver

The following is an example of a configuration for the Net-G3A as a Reference Station supporting internal data logging and real-time mobile unit support using a radio for transmission of GNSS correction data. This configuration uses PC-CDU to apply the appropriate parameters.

Do not make other changes without consulting the PC-CDU Reference Manual.

1. Connect the receiver and a computer using one of the methods described in “Connecting the Receiver and a Computer” on page 2-15.

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Configuring the Receiver

NOTICE

2. Start PC-CDU, and connect to the receiver according to the

settings described in “PC-CDU Connection Parameters” on page 2-22.

Once a PC-CDU connection with the receiver has been established, the current communications settings—such as port name, baud rate (if applicable), and flow control (if applicable)— display in the lower-left corner of the main window of PC-CDU. A timer begins to count up in the lower-right corner as well (Figure 3-1).

Figure 3-1. PC-CDU Connection Established

3. Click ConfigurationReceiver.

Click Apply after making any configuration change; otherwise, the receiver will not register the change.

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Net-G3A Configuration and Setup

4. Click Set all parameters to defaults (Figure 3-2).

Figure 3-2. Set All Parameters to Defaults

5. Click the MINTER tab, configure the following settings (Table 3-1), and then click Apply (Figure 3-3).

Table 3-1. Receiver Parameters for the MINTER Tab

Parameter Setting

Recording interval Enter 15 seconds. (This variable depends on post-

processing requirements.)

Elevation mask angle

File name prefix Enter the last 3 digits of the receiver’s serial number.

FN key mode (starts/stops data recording using the FN key)

3-4

Enter 15 degrees. Five degrees (default value) is recommended for base operations.

For Static data recording, select LED blink mode switch.

NET-G3A Operator’s Manual

Configuring the Receiver

Figure 3-3. Configure MINTER for Static Data Recording

6. Click the Positioning tab, make sure the Elevation mask is set to

5 (default value), and then click Apply.

Figure 3-4. Configure Receiver Positioning – Elevation Mask

7. Click the Base tab, set the following parameters (Figure 3-5 on

page 3-6), and then click Apply.

• Base Station Coordinates – Select the point to which the entered coordinates are referred: Phase Center L1 or Antenna Reference Point.

• Antenna Type – select the desired antenna type from the list of NGS standard antenna names.

• Antenna position – enter Lat, Lon, and Alt values using one of the following methods:

– If known, type in the values.

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Net-G3A Configuration and Setup

NOTICE

– Click Get from receiver.

The reference geodetic coordinates specified on this tab relate to the antenna L1 phase center.

8. Continue with step 8 on page 3-6 for RTK surveys or step 9 on page 3-7 for other configurations.

Figure 3-5. Base Configuration

9. For RTK surveys, click the Ports tab, set the following port parameters for the serial port (Table 3-2), and then click Apply (Figure 3-6 on page 3-7).

For post-processed surveys, keep the default values for these parameters.

Table 3-2. Receiver Parameters for the Ports Tab

Parameter Base Receiver

Input n/a (Leave the default, “Command”.)

Output Select the type and format of differential corrections.

Period (sec) Enter the interval at which the receiver transmits

differential corrections.

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Configuring the Receiver

Table 3-2. Receiver Parameters for the Ports Tab (Continued)

Parameter Base Receiver

Baud rate Select a baud rate to use for transmitting differential

messages from the receiver board to the modem module.

The baud rate must match the modem’s serial port speed.

RTS/CTS Select to enable handshaking.

Figure 3-6. Base Configuration for RTK Surveys – Ports

10. Click the Advanced tab, and then the Multipath tab. Set the

following parameters, and click Apply (Figure 3-7).

• Code multipath reduction – enable

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Net-G3A Configuration and Setup

NOTICE

• Carrier multipath reduction – enable

Figure 3-7. Configure Mulitpath Parameters

11. Click OK to save the settings and close the dialog box.

Once the receiver is configured, the configuration will remain until you change it using PC-CDU or clear the NVRAM.

For more details on the settings available for configuring the Base and Rover receivers, refer to the PC-CDU Reference Manual.

12. Continue with other configuration activities or click File Disconnect, and then FileExit to quit PC-CDU.

Disconnecting before exiting ensures proper port management.

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Disconnect the receiver from PC-CDU before exiting to eliminate possible conflicts with the management of the computer’s serial ports.

NET-G3A Operator’s Manual

MINTER Description and Configuration

STAT LINK PWR 1

REC RX/TX PWR 2

STAT LED LINK LED Power LEDs Function Button

Power Button

REC LED RX/TX LED

MINTER Description and Configuration

The Minimum INTERface (MINTER) consists of two keys (power and FN) that control the receiver’s operation, four LEDs that display the receiver’s operational status, and two LEDs that display the power status (Figure 3-8).

Figure 3-8. MINTER

The MINTER performs the following functions. For more information about using the MINTER, see “MINTER Operation” on page 3-16.

• Turns the receiver on or off; puts it in Sleep mode.

• Turns data recording on or off (FN button).

• Changes the receiver’s information mode.

• Shows the number of GPS (green) and GLONASS (orange) satellites being tracked (STAT LED).

• Shows the data recording status (REC LED).

• Shows each time data is recorded to the memory (REC LED).

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Net-G3A Configuration and Setup

NOTICE

• Shows the status of post-processing mode (static or dynamic) when performing a Post-Processing Kinematic survey with the help of the FN key (REC LED).

• Shows the power status for the receiver (PWR LEDs).

Use PC-CDU to configure MINTER settings. The procedure below describes the most common settings; refer to the PC-CDU Reference Manual for other possible MINTER configurations.

Clearing the receiver’s Non Volatile Random Access Memory (NVRAM) will return all settings made using PC-CDU to the factory default settings.

1. Connect your receiver and computer. See “Connecting the Receiver and a Computer” on page 2-15 for this procedure.

2. On the Connection Parameters dialog box, enable RTS/CTS handshaking (Figure 3-9).

See “PC-CDU Connection Parameters” on page 2-22 for details on setting other parameters.

3. Click Connect.

Figure 3-9. Connection Parameters – MINTER Settings

4. Click ConfigurationReceiver, and then click the MINTER tab. Set the following parameters, and click Apply (Figure 3-10). See the following pages for parameter descriptions:

• Recording interval on page 3-11

• Elevation mask for log file on page 3-11

• File name prefix on page 3-11

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NET-G3A Operator’s Manual

MINTER Description and Configuration

• Always append to the file on page 3-12

• Files Creation mode on page 3-12

• Automatic File Rotation Mode (AFRM) on page 3-12

• FN key mode on page 3-13

• Initial data collection dynamic mode on page 3-14

• Data recording auto-start on page 3-14

Figure 3-10. Receiver Configuration – MINTER Tab

Recording Interval parameter This parameter specifies the message

output interval into the log file when the MINTER FN button (pressed for 1–5 seconds) activates data logging. This setting is used for both logging a single log file and logging receiver data in AFRM mode. Values are 1–86400 seconds. The default value is one second.

Elevation Mask for Log File parameter This parameter specifies the

minimum elevation angle for the satellites whose data will be put in the receiver files logged when pressing FN. The default value is five degrees.

File Name Prefix parameter This parameter specifies the prefix

added to the names of receiver files created when pressing FN. The prefix can be up to 20 characters long. The default value for the Name Prefix is “log.”

Log file names have the following structure:

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Net-G3A Configuration and Setup

The file name depends on both the file creation time (month and day) and additional letter and numeric suffixes to avoid confusion between files created on the same day.

Always Append to the File parameter If you want new receiver

data to be appended to an existing log file, enter the desired file name in this parameter. The setting can be up to 20 characters long.

Files Creation Mode parameter This parameter has the following

operation modes:

• Log file – If the log file radio button has been selected, pressing the FN button closes the current log file. If data logging is off, pressing FN opens a new log file.

• AFRM – If the AFRM radio button has been selected, pressing FN enables this mode. If AFRM has been enabled, pressing FN disables this mode.

Automatic File Rotation Mode (AFRM) parameters TPS receivers

are capable of automatically rotating log files. During a “file rotation” event, the receiver closes the current file and opens a new one according to a user-defined schedule. The Period and Phase parameters specify this schedule. File rotation launches the moment the receiver time module Period is equal to Phase. More precisely, a new log file opens immediately before the scheduled epoch causing data tagged with this epoch to be recorded to the new log file.

When opening a new log file, the receiver enables the default set of messages outputted with the default output period. Both the default set of messages and the default output period are programmable.

• Period – specifies the time duration of each log file created in AFRM mode. Values are 60 to 86400 seconds; default value is 3600 seconds.

• Phase – specifies the “phase” (constant time shift) for creating multiple log files in AFRM mode. Values are 0 to 86400 seconds; default value is zero seconds.

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MINTER Description and Configuration

NOTICE

• Files (total) – a counter that specifies how many multiple log files must be created in AFRM until this mode automatically turns off. This counter decrements on every file rotation until its value becomes zero, then file rotation automatically stops. The counter initializes with AFRM.

Note that a log file opens immediately after turning AFRM on. This startup file is not considered a file rotation event; the AFRM counter will not decrement.

Values are 0 to [2

-1]; default value is 0 (zero). Zero means that

an unlimited number of log files will be created.

The receiver’s memory holds up to 1024 files.

• Files (remain) – specifies the number of files left for the receiver

to create in AFRM. Values are 0 to [2

-1]; default value is zero.

• Automatically remove old files – when no free memory is available to log data, automatically removes the earliest log file. If this parameter is enabled, your receiver will erase the file with the earliest file creation time/date. AFRM must be enabled to use this FIFO (First-In, First-Out) feature. The default value is off (disabled).

FN Key Mode parameter Use these two radio buttons to program

how the receiver will react when pressing the FN key.

• LED blink mode switch – pressing FN will toggle between the MINTER’s normal/extended information modes and start/stop data recording of Static survey.

– FN pressed for less than 1 second: changes the information

mode (Normal or Extended Information Modes).

– FN pressed for 1 to 5 seconds: starts or stops data recording

(Static post-processing mode).

• Occupation mode switch – pressing FN (less than one second) will insert into the corresponding log file a message indicating that the survey type has been changed from static to kinematic, or vice versa. If the REC LED blinks green, the current mode is

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Net-G3A Configuration and Setup

dynamic, if it blinks orange, the current mode is static. For more details, see Table 1-1 on page 1-12 and refer to the PC-CDU Reference Manual.

Initial Data Collection Dynamic Mode parameter These radio

buttons specify the starting occupation type descriptor inserted at the beginning of receiver files logged. Select Static or Kinematic to specify that the corresponding log file will start with a static (STOP) or kinematic (GO, Trajectory) occupation, respectively.

Data Recording Auto-start parameter These radio buttons allow

you to program your receiver’s behavior in the event of a power failure.

Table 3-3 describes the different scenarios available and the results after power is restored to the receiver. “Specified file” refers to the file name entered in the Always append to file field.

Table 3-3. Data Recording Parameter Behavior

Before

Power

Failure

Receiver data logged to file specified.

Receiver data logged to default file.

File specified; receiver data logging not started.

Enabled Radio Button Results

Off On Always

Data logging will not resume when power is restored.

No file will open with this name.

Data logging will not start when power is restored.

Receiver will resume data logging to the same file when power is restored.

A new log file will open when power is restored and data will log to this file.

No file will open with this name.

Data logging will not start when power is restored.

Receiver will resume data logging to the same file when power is restored.

A new log file will open when power is restored and data will log to this file.

A log file with this name will open and data logging will start after power is restored.

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MINTER Description and Configuration

Table 3-3. Data Recording Parameter Behavior (Continued)

Before Power

Failure

No file specified; receiver data logging off.

Off On Always

Data logging will not start when power is restored.

Enabled Radio Button Results

Data logging will not start when power is restored.

A log file with a default name will open and data logging will start after power is restored.

Also, if Always is enabled, the receiver will automatically start logging data (to a newly created or an existing file) in the following three cases:

• After turning on the receiver using the power button.

• After resetting the receiver (using PC-CDU).

• After taking the receiver out of Sleep Mode.

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Figure 3-11. MINTER Tab

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Net-G3A Configuration and Setup

Power ButtonPress the power button for about 1

second to turn the receiver on/off.

MINTER Operation

To turn on/off the receiver, press the power button (Figure 3-12).

• When turning on, press the power button until the MINTER’s

LEDs briefly flash.

• When turning off, press the power button until the PWR LEDs

turn red, then release.

STAT LINK PWR 1

REC RX/TX PWR 2

Figure 3-12. Power Button Functions

To start/stop logging data, press the FN button for 1 to 5 seconds

(Figure 3-13).

• During data recording, the REC LED is green. Use PC-CDU to set the recording time interval. See “Recording Interval parameter” on page 3-11 for details.

• The REC LED blinks green each time data is written to the receiver’s memory.

• If the REC LED is red, the receiver has run out of memory, has a hardware problem, or contains an improper OAF (see “Option Authorization File (OAF)” on page 1-21 for more information).

Use PC-CDU to enable the desired FN key mode in the receiver, either “LED blink mode switch” for static surveys or “Occupation mode switch” for kinematic surveys. See “FN Key Mode parameter” on page 3-13 for details.

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MINTER Description and Configuration

Function ButtonPress the FN button for 1–5

seconds to start/stop data logging.

Each time you turn off or on data recording, either a new file opens or data appends to a particular file. See “Always Append to the File parameter” on page 3-12 and “Files Creation Mode parameter” on page 3-12 for information on setting these functions.

STAT LINK PWR 1

REC RX/TX PWR 2

Figure 3-13. FN Button Functions

To toggle between post-processing modes, press the FN button

for less than 1 second when “Occupation mode switch” has been enabled using PC-CDU.

To change the information mode of the receiver, press the FN

button three times for less than 3 second when “LED blink mode switch” has been enabled using PC-CDU.

To change the baud rate of the receiver’s serial port, press the

FN button for 5 to 8 seconds. This is useful if the data collector does not support the rate that the receiver port is set to.

After about five seconds, the REC LED becomes red. Release the FN button during the next three seconds.

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Net-G3A Configuration and Setup

Using the Web Interface

The Net-G3A includes a built-in Web server that allows you to configure and monitor the receiver via a Web user interface (or Web interface). The following Web browsers are recommended for accessing the receiver:

• Windows Internet Explorer 6.0 or later

• Mozilla Firefox 2.0 or later

• Opera 9.0 or later

The built-in Web server and Web interface use HTTP/HTTPS protocols for communication.

Accessing the Net-G3A through the Web Interface

Before accessing the Net-G3A using the Web interface, determine whether the valid network parameters (IP address, gateway, etc.) are specified in the receiver. Refer to “Configuring an Ethernet Connection Using PC-CDU” on page 2-19 for details regarding the network parameters.

1. Open a recommended Web browser. The browser window appears.

2. In the Address or Location bar of the Web browser, type one of the following addresses:

http://ipaddress<:port number>

https://ipaddress<:port number> (if SSL is enabled)

where ipaddress is the receiver’s IP address; port number is the port number you should specify if set to a number other than the default port number (port 80 for HTTP, and port 443 for HTTPS).

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Using the Web Interface

NOTE

The main page is displayed.

Figure 3-14. Web Interface – Main Page

When accessing the Web interface via SSL communications, a warning may appear stating the security certificate was issued by a company you have not chosen to trust. You can safely ignore this warning and continue with the login procedure. Your communications will use SSL.

3. Log in through the Web interface by entering the login name and

password in the appropriate fields. The default login and password are topcon. Login names and passwords are case-sensitive and can be up to 12 alphanumeric characters.

Figure 3-15. Web Interface – Login

4. Click Enter.

After logging in to the Web interface, you can view and modify the receiver parameters.

You can access the receiver without entering the login name and password; however, you will be restricted to view-only activities.

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Net-G3A Configuration and Setup

Content Area

Navigation Menu

Understanding the Web Interface

The Web interface is divided into two frames:

• Navigation menu – contains a list of menu items through which to access receiver functions.

• Content area – contains the various Web interface screens based on the item selected in the navigation menu.

Figure 3-16. Web Interface Elements

Some of the screens in the Content area have the Submit button. Click it to apply changes made to the receiver parameters.

Building an Antenna Cabling System

A cable system running between the antenna(s) and the receiver must meet certain requirements to provide the minimum level of signal loss, thus delivering a quality signal. These requirements include the following:

• Cable length should be kept to a minimum. Topcon offers cables of various lengths, from 3 to 100 meters.

• Use only low-loss coaxial cables. For distances of up to 10 meters, it is recommended to use Topcon’s RG-58 cable. If a greater length is required (up to 30 meters), it is recommended to use Topcon’s RG-8 or LMR-400. For LMR-400 at 1600 MHz, the attenuation is 0.2–0.1 dB/meter.

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Receiver Setup as a Temporary Reference Station

• Beyond 30 meters, consider using in-line amplifiers or extra low loss cables. Topcon offers 30 and 60 meter cable options using LMR-400 and a 100 meter cable using LMR-600. For LMR-600 at 1600 MHz, the attenuation is 0.1 dB/meter.

• The total attenuation of the cable system should not be more than 10–12 dB at 1.6 GHz.

For installation with multiple receivers and a single anten na, use

GNSS antenna splitters. The splitter(s) should normally have one RF output that passes DC current from the connected Net-G3A receiver through the splitter to the antenna. The other RF outputs should block DC current to prevent antenna damage. Also, the splitter should have a minimum of 20 dB RF isolation between its outputs to eliminate possible interference between the receivers connected with this splitter.

For applications where power is supplied from a separate source,

coaxial connectors and a connector to power the antenna’s LNA from an external power supply. One of the coax connectors is usually marked RF + DC and will have DC appearing on its center pin. The other connector is marked RF and it is DC-blocked. The remaining connector marked DC is where power should be applied.

consider using the bias tee. The bias tee typically has two

Receiver Setup as a Temporary Reference Station

The typical permanent or semi-permanent Reference Station setup has the Net-G3A in a secure location with access to power and communication links as required. The antenna location has been surveyed very accurately and is free of signal obstructions and interference (RF, multipath, etc.).

As a temporary Reference Station, certain steps must be performed to ensure proper data collection. The following sections detail the use of the Net-G3A in a temporary Reference Station configuration.

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Net-G3A Configuration and Setup

NOTE

Before logging data, make sure the receiver contains current almanac and current ephemeris data (see “Collecting Almanacs and Ephemerides” on page 2-14).

Step 1: Set up the Receiver

1. Place the receiver in the predetermined location. A sturdy shelf or out-of-the-way table may be a convenient spot.

See “Net-G3A Dimensions” on page A-2 for measurement details regarding the placement of screw holes for a permanent mount.

2. For a permanent mount, drill four screws through the mounting location (shelf) and into the receiver’s mounting holes.

3. Connect the power cable to an available and grounded outlet. See “Powering the Receiver” on page 2-11 for more details and precautions.

4. Connect the antenna cable. If recording data to an external device, such as a USB hard drive, connect it to the receiver using the required communication cable.

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Receiver Setup as a Temporary Reference Station

To Grounded Power Outlet

To Power Port 1

To GPS Antenna

To GPS Antenna Port

STAT

LINK

REC

PWR 1

RX/TX

PWR 2

Figure 3-17. Mount Receiver and Connect Cables

Step 2: Measure Antenna Height

The location of the antenna relative to the point being measured is very important for both surveys in which the elevation of the point is important and in surveys for horizontal location only. Horizontal surveys are often larger in area than can reliably fit on a flat plane; therefore, the antenna adjustment must be done in three dimensions and then projected onto a two dimensional plane.

The receiver calculates the coordinates of the antenna’s phase center. To determine the coordinates of the station marker, the user must specify the following:

• Measured height of the antenna above the station marker

• Method of measuring the antenna height

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Net-G3A Configuration and Setup

NOTICE

• Model of the antenna used

Antennas have two types of measurements:

• Vertical – measured from the marker to the antenna reference point (ARP) located on the bottom of the antenna at the base of the mounting threads.

• Slant – measured from the marker to the lower edge of the antenna slant height measure mark (SHMM).

The point to which all measurements are being referenced is called the Phase Center of the antenna. This is analogous to the point at which a distance meter measures in a prism. A user must enter the prism offset to compensate for this point not being at a physical surface of the prism. For a GNSS antenna, the offset is entered depending on the type of measurement taken.

• For vertical, the offset is simply added to the measured vertical height to produce a “true” vertical height.

• For slant height, the vertical height must first be calculated using the radius of the antenna, then the offset can be added.

The offsets are different because of the difference in location between the slant measuring point and the vertical measuring point.

1. Measure the antenna height above the control point or marker, either the slant height or the vertical height (Figure 3-18 on page 3-25).

2. Record the antenna height, point name, and start time in the field notes.

The height of the antenna and it’s offsets depend on the type of antenna used. Refer to the antenna’s documentation for details.

Refer to the antenna’s offset measurements card for measurement and offset details.

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Receiver Setup as a Temporary Reference Station

Reference Surface for Oset Measurements

Figure 3-18. Measure Antenna Height – Example

Step 3: Collect Data

See the remaining sections in this chapter for more information about collecting data.

1. Turn on the receiver. The STAT (status) light LED blinks red at

first.

• Once the receiver has locked on to one or more satellites, the STAT LED will blink green for GPS satellites and orange for GLONASS satellites. A short red blink indicates that the receiver has not solved a position. Four or more satellites provide optimal positioning.

• Once the short red blink is gone, the receiver has a position and surveying can begin; wait for green and orange lights before beginning data collection. This ensures that the receiver has the correct date and time and is locked on to enough satellites to ensure good quality data.

The process of locking on to satellites normally takes less than one minute. In a new area or after resetting the receiver, it may take several minutes.

2. Press and hold the FN key (for more than one second and less

than five seconds) to begin collecting data.

3. Release the FN key when the REC (recording) LED turns green.

This indicates that a file has opened and data collection has

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Net-G3A Configuration and Setup

TIP

started. The REC LED blinks each time data is saved to the memory.

Use PC-CDU to configure data logging. See “MINTER Description and Configuration” on page 3-9 or refer to the PC-CDU Reference Manual.

Stopping Data Logging

Stop logging data when you need to move the receiver, download data, or perform maintenance functions.

1. Press and hold the FN key until the REC LED light goes out.

2. To turn off the receiver, press and hold the power key until all

lights go out, and then release.

Static Surveying for Reference Stations

Static surveying is the classic survey method, well suited for all kinds of base station surveys. One receiver over a survey marker collects raw data during a certain period of time. The length of the observation sessions can vary from a few minutes to several hours. The optimal observation session length depends on the surveyor’s experience as well as the following factors:

• the number of satellites in view

• the satellite geometry (DOP)

• the antenna’s location

• the ionospheric activity level

• the types of receivers used

• the accuracy requirements

• the baseline length

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NET-G3A Operator’s Manual

Analyzing Signal-to-Noise Ratio

Generally, single-frequency receivers are used for baselines with lengths that do not exceed 15 kilometers (9.32 miles). For baselines of 15 kilometers or greater, use dual-frequency receivers.

Dual-frequency receivers have two major benefits. First, dualfrequency receivers can estimate and remove almost all ionospheric effect from the code and carrier phase measurements, providing much greater accuracy than single-frequency receivers over long baselines or during ionospheric storms. Secondly, dual-frequency receivers need far less observation time to reach the desired accuracy requirement.

After the survey completes, data the receivers collect can be downloaded onto a computer and processed using post-processing software (for example, Topcon Tools).

Analyzing Signal-to-Noise Ratio

Knowing the strength and reliability of the ranging signal transmitted from the satellites will help determine the quality of the satellite signals. Use Table 3-4 to help estimate signal quality from a satellite vehicle.

Table 3-4. Typical SNR Values

Elevation

(degrees)

10–20 >35 >10 >10

20–40 >40 >20 >20

40–60 >45 >30 >30

60–90 >50 >40 >40

a. SV = satellite vehicle

C/A channel

(dB*Hz)

P1 channel

(dB*Hz)

P2 channel

(dB*Hz)

If the SNR value of a satellite signal is less than the threshold value from the table, then pay close attention to this satellite because it can

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Net-G3A Configuration and Setup

potentially cause problems for getting accurate timing and positioning results.

Using the Anti-Jamming Suppressor (AJS)

The Net-G3A is equipped with advanced hardware and software components, called anti-jamming suppressor (AJS). These components suppress unintentional or intentional narrowband Radio Frequency Interference (RFI). AJS accurately estimates the interfering signals and intelligently mitigates them. Once AJS is enabled, interference mitigation improves the receiver’s resistance to interference and allows the receiver continuous operation without degradation of positioning accuracy or loss-of-lock to the satellites in areas affected by RFI.

To enable AJS:

1. Run PC-CDU.

2. Click ConfigureReceiverAdvancedAnti-Interference, and then select Auto.

3. Click ApplyOK.

To view textual information about detected in-band interference signals, enable the JI message using the Manual Mode window.

Working with External Devices

The Net-G3A receiver can be connected with various external devices for frequency calibrations and time synchronization, external events time-tagging, meteorological measurements, and differential corrections distribution.

If you have any problems or questions on using the Net-G3A with these devices, contact your local Topcon dealer. For contact information, visit the TPS website at:

http://www.topconpositioning.com/static/dealer_pointer.php

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NET-G3A Operator’s Manual

Downloading Data Files from an Installed Memory Card

Receiver and File Maintenance

If you are post-processing the data after completing a survey, then download the data from the receiver’s memory to a computer. Downloading and deleting files also creates space in the receiver’s memory for the next survey. Occasionally, the receiver’s NVRAM may need to be cleared to eliminate communication or tracking problems.

As project expectations expand, the receiver’s OAF may need to be updated to provide expanded operation and functionality. The GPS board inside the receiver requires firmware to properly operate and provide appropriate functionality. As Topcon releases firmware updates, loading these updates into the receiver will ensure that the receiver operates at its full potential.

Downloading Data Files from an Installed Memory Card

After completing a survey, download data files from the memory card installed in the receiver to a computer or a UMS device for storage, post-processing, or backup. Also, the memory card holds a finite amount of files and information, so downloading data prevents files from being lost. The following steps use PC-CDU to download files, but any Topcon receiver management software can be used.

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Receiver and File Maintenance

Downloading Data Files to a Computer

1. Connect your receiver and computer. See “Connecting the Receiver and a Computer” on page 2-15 for information about this procedure. PC-CDU automatically appears with the Connection Parameters dialog box open. If this dialog box is not open, then click FileFile Manager on the PC-CDU main page.

2. On the Connection Parameters dialog box, enable RTS/CTS handshaking and then click Connect (Figure 4-1 on page 4-2).

Figure 4-1. Connection Parameters – RTS/CTS Handshaking

3. Click FileFile Manager, and then click the Download path tab on the File Manager dialog box (Figure 4-2).

Figure 4-2. Find Files to Download

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NET-G3A Operator’s Manual

Downloading Data Files from an Installed Memory Card

4. Navigate to or create (using the Create button) the folder in

which to download and store files.

5. Click the Download files tab, and select the file(s) to download

(Figure 4-3 on page 4-3).

To select multiple files, hold down the shift key and click on sequential files to select several files at once, or hold down the Ctrl key and click on individual files.

Figure 4-3. Download Files

6. Click the Download button. During the download, status

indicators display next to each file (Figure 4-4).

• Blue indicator – file in queue for downloading.

• Red indicator – file currently downloading.

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Receiver and File Maintenance

• Green indicator – file has successfully downloaded.

Figure 4-4. Download Files – Status Indicators

7. Click Exit on the File Manager dialog box.

8. Continue with other operations, or click FileDisconnect and then FileExit to quit PC-CDU.

Downloading Data Files to a UMS Device

1. Connect your receiver and computer. See “Connecting the Receiver and a Computer” on page 2-15 for information about this procedure.

2. Connect the UMS device as described in “Connecting and Activating the UMS Device” on page 2-10.

3. Run PC-CDU. The Connection Parameters dialog box appears. If this dialog box is not open, then click FileFile Manager on the PC-CDU main page.

4. On the Connection Parameters dialog box, enable RTS/CTS handshaking and then click Connect (Figure 4-1 on page 4-2).

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NET-G3A Operator’s Manual

Downloading Data Files from an Installed Memory Card

Figure 4-5. Connection Parameters – RTS/CTS Handshaking

5. Click FileFile Manager.

6. In the File Manager dialog box, click the USB Copy tab

(Figure 4-6).

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Figure 4-6. USB Copy

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Receiver and File Maintenance

NOTICE

7. Click Activate, and then click Ye s to make the inserted UMS device ready for copying.

Figure 4-7. Activate the Inserted UMS device

8. In the Internal Storage box, select the file(s) to download (Figure 4-8 on page 4-7). To select multiple files, hold down the shift key and click on sequential files to select several files at once or hold down the Ctrl key and click on individual files.

The selected files also appear in the USB Storage box with color-coded names.

A black file name indicates that the file already resides on the UMS device.

A gray file name indicates that the file is selected and is ready for copying.

A red file name indicates that the file cannot be copied for some reason (either an incorrect file name or the file is already on the UMS device).

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NET-G3A Operator’s Manual

Downloading Data Files from a Removed Memory Card

CAUTION

NOTICE

9. Click Copy. If any file names appear in red in the USB Storage

box, then the Copy button will be unavailable (Figure 4-8).

Figure 4-8. Copying Data Files to a UMS device

During the copying process, the REC LED will blink yellow every second. Do not remove the UMS device until the blinking stops.

Downloading Data Files from a Removed Memory Card

After removing a memory card from the receiver, the data can be downloaded using Topcon Link software. A CF card reader in or connected to the computer is required to access the data on the card. Before Topcon Link can read data on a Memory Card, the card must be formatted for Topcon devices.

• The device icon for a formatted card will be red.

• The device icon for an unformatted card will be gray.

Refer to the Topcon Link User’s Manual for a complete description of working with data on a memory card.

To format a memory card:

1. Insert the memory card into the card reader.

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Receiver and File Maintenance

2. Navigate to the Topcon Memory Cards device directory, and click the device icon.

3. Click the desired, formatted memory card device icon.

To download data files:

After formatting the card, select and copy, or select and drag-anddrop, the desired files into a directory on the computer. During the downloading process, the REC LED will blink yellow every second. Do not remove the UMS device until the REC LED stops blinking.

Figure 4-9. Import From Memory Card

Deleting Data Files from an Installed Memory Card

A memory card holds a finite amount of collected data. To free up space for more or new data, delete old data. For more information on managing the receiver’s memory, see “Managing Receiver Memory” on page 4-10. The following steps use PC-CDU to delete files, but any Topcon receiver management software can be used.

You can also configure the receiver to automatically delete files using the first-in-first-out function (see “Automatic File Rotation Mode (AFRM) parameters” on page 3-12 for details).

1. Connect your receiver and computer. See “Connecting the Receiver and a Computer” on page 2-15 for information about this procedure.

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NET-G3A Operator’s Manual

Deleting Data Files from an Installed Memory Card

2. On the Connection Parameters dialog box, enable RTS/CTS

handshaking (Figure 4-10).

Figure 4-10. Connection Parameters – RTS/CTS Handshaking

3. Click FileFile Manager and select the file(s) to delete on the

Download files tab (Figure 4-11 on page 4-10).

To select multiple files, hold down the shift key and click on sequential files to select several files at once or hold down the Ctrl key and click on individual files.

4. Click Delete (Figure 4-11 on page 4-10).

5. Click Ye s on the delete files confirmation dialog box. PC-CDU

deletes the selected files.

6. Click Exit on the File Manager screen.

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Receiver and File Maintenance

7. Continue with other operations, or click FileDisconnect, and then FileExit to quit PC-CDU.

Figure 4-11. Delete Files

Managing Receiver Memory

When using the receiver in static or dynamic applications, you may need to know the amount of memory the receiver’s log file occupies. The specific memory size depends on the type of data being recorded. Use the formulas below to compute the approximate size of the receiver’s log files. These equations are based on the default set of messages.

• SS – the estimated size of one epoch of raw data in the receiver’s log file (expressed in bytes).

• N – the number of observed satellites per epoch.

When recording only L1 data:

SS = 183 + 22*N

When recording L1 and L2 data:

SS = 230 + 44*N

Table 4-1 shows the amount of receiver file memory required for the raw data measurements collected for an hour. The amount of memory

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NET-G3A Operator’s Manual

Managing Receiver Memory

depends on the total number of GNSS satellites being tracked and used in position computation, and the recording interval.

Table 4-1. Amount of Memory Required to Store a One Hour File

Recording Interval (seconds)

#SVs

0.1 1 5 15 30

Single-frequency dual-system receiver

Memory needed to record data

6 11 MB 1.1 MB 221 KB 74 KB 37 KB

10 14 MB 1.4 MB 283 KB 94 KB 47 KB

14 17 MB 1.7 MB 345 KB 115 KB 57.5 KB

18 20 MB 2 MB 407 KB 136 KB 68 KB

Dual-frequency dual-system receiver

Memory needed to record data

6 17 MB 1.7 MB 347 KB 116 KB 58 KB

10 23 MB 2.3 MB 471 KB 157 KB 78.5 KB

14 29 MB 2.9 MB 595 KB 198 KB 99 KB

18 35 MB 3.5 MB 720 KB 240 KB 120 KB

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Receiver and File Maintenance

First confirmation to

initialize file system

Second confirmation to

initialize file system

Initialization in progress

Initialization complete

Initializing File System

Initializing the file system of a connected receiver erases all of the receiver’s data files. This process requires two confirmations before beginning and may take several minutes depending on the receiver’s memory size.

When the receiver’s memory is initialized, information on the file

Figure 4-12. Initializing the File System

system and physical memory displays.

• Refresh – reloads the information.

• Save to file – saves the files system and physical memory information to a text file.

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NET-G3A Operator’s Manual

Setting Raw Data & Position Update Rates to 50 Hz

CAUTION

Ok – closes the dialog box.

Always initialize the file system on the installed CF card before the first use. It is recommended to reinitialize the receiver file system on a regular basis.

Setting Raw Data & Position Update Rates to 50 Hz

This procedure sets the receiver to output measurement data and position information at 50 Hz.

1. In PC-CDU, click To ol sReceiver options.

2. Make sure that the Position update rate (Hz) and Raw data

update rate (Hz) options display 50 in the Current column, and then click Exit.

3. Click ConfigurationReceiver.

4. Click the Advanced tab, and then the Raw Data Management

tab. Set the following parameters, and then click Apply:

• Raw Measurement Update Rate, Update Rate – set to 20 ms.

• Position Update Rage, Update Rate – set to 20 ms.

5. Click Refresh, and examine the values in the Current Update

Rate fields. They should display 20.

6. Once verified, click OK.

When requesting any data recording or output with a period—that is, a recording or output not directly supported by the current state of the receiver—PC-CDU will launch the Output Period Setup Wizard. This wizard performs the same steps described above. For details on the wizard, see PC-CDU Reference Manual.

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Receiver and File Maintenance

Managing Receiver Options

The Option Authorization File enables certain functions, features, and options in the receiver, such as the following:

• the type of signal (L1 or L1/L2) the receiver will process

• the amount of data the receiver will store in the memory

• the rate at which data will be transmitted or received

For a complete list of available options and details, consult with your Topcon dealer.

Checking the Receiver’s OAF

The receiver’s OAF lists all enabled or disabled features. To determine if a feature is turned on or which features are available, check the receiver’s OAF using available Topcon receiver management software. The following steps use PC-CDU to view options.

1. Connect your receiver and computer. See “Connecting the Receiver and a Computer” on page 2-15 for this procedure.

2. Click ToolsReceiver Options. The Options Manager dialog box (Figure 4-13 on page 4-15) contains the following information:

• Option name – a name/description of the option

• Current – the current status of the option

• Purchased – if the option is purchased or not

• Leased – if the option is leased or not

• Expiration date – the date the option will be disabled, if applicable

Because options can be both purchased and leased, the “Current” status of the option displays the currently effective value. Option values can be one of the following:

• -1 or “-----” – the firmware version does not support this option

• 0 – the receiver option is disabled

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NET-G3A Operator’s Manual

Topcon Net-G3A Operator's Manual

Specifications and Main Features

Frequently Asked Questions

User Manual

Table of Contents

Preface

Principles of Operation

GNSS Overview

Calculating Absolute Positions

Calculating Differential Positions

Essential Components for Quality Surveying

Receiver Overview

Getting Acquainted

Net-G3A Receiver

MINTER

Data and Power Ports

CF Card Slot

Mounting Holes

Cables and Power Supply

Other Kit Accessories

Option Authorization File (OAF)

Determining the Reference Station Site

Consider the Net-G3A Reference Station Application

Perform a Site Inspection for the Net-G3A Reference Station

Installing Topcon Software

Installing PC-CDU

Installing FLoader

Installing the CF Card

Installing the USB Mass Storage Device (UMS)

Formatting the UMS Device

Connecting and Activating the UMS Device

Powering the Receiver

Checking Power Status

Charging the Backup Batteries

Turning On/Off the Receiver

Collecting Almanacs and Ephemerides

Connecting the Receiver and a Computer

Establishing an RS232 Cable Connection

Establishing a USB Cable Connection

Establishing an Ethernet Connection

Configuring an Ethernet Connection Using PC-CDU

PC-CDU Connection Parameters

Power Management

Configuring the Receiver

MINTER Description and Configuration

MINTER Operation

Using the Web Interface

Accessing the Net-G3A through the Web Interface

Understanding the Web Interface

Building an Antenna Cabling System

Receiver Setup as a Temporary Reference Station

Step 1: Set up the Receiver

Step 2: Measure Antenna Height

Step 3: Collect Data

Stopping Data Logging

Static Surveying for Reference Stations

Analyzing Signal-to-Noise Ratio

Using the Anti-Jamming Suppressor (AJS)

Working with External Devices

Downloading Data Files from an Installed Memory Card

Downloading Data Files to a Computer

Downloading Data Files to a UMS Device

Downloading Data Files from a Removed Memory Card

Deleting Data Files from an Installed Memory Card

Managing Receiver Memory

Initializing File System

Setting Raw Data & Position Update Rates to 50 Hz

Managing Receiver Options

Checking the Receiver’s OAF