Low-Voltage Differential Driver and
Receiver for Half-Duplex Operation
D
Designed for Signaling Rates of 400 Mbit/s
D
ESD Protection Exceeds 15 kV on Bus Pins
D
Operates from a Single 3.3 V Supply
D
Low–Voltage Differential Signaling with
Typical Output Voltages of 350 mV and a
50Ω Load
D
Propagation Delay Times
– Driver: 1.7 ns Typ
– Receiver: 3.7 ns Typ
D
Power Dissipation at 200 MHz
– Driver: 50 mW Typical
– Receiver: 60 mW Typical
D
LVTTL Levels are 5 V Tolerant
D
Bus Pins are High Impedance When
Disabled or With V
D
Open-Circuit Fail-Safe Receiver
D
Surface-Mount Packaging
Less Than 1.5 V
CC
– D Package (SOIC)
– DGK Package (MSOP)
description
SN65LVDM176
HIGH-SPEED DIFFERENTIAL LINE TRANSCEIVER
SLLS320C – DECEMBER 1998 – REVISED MARCH 2000
SN65LVDM176D (Marked as DM176 or LVM176)
SN65LVDM176DGK (Marked as M76)
(TOP VIEW)
1
R
2
RE
3
DE
4
D
logic diagram (positive logic)
3
DE
4
D
2
RE
1
R
8
V
CC
7
B
6
A
5
GND
6
A
7
B
The SN65L VDM176 is a differential line driver and receiver configured as a transceiver that uses low-voltage
differential signaling (LVDS) to achieve signaling rates as high as 400 Mbit/s. These circuits are similar to
TIA/EIA-644 standard compliant devices (SN65L VDS) counterparts except that the output current of the drivers
is doubled. This modification provides a minimum differential output voltage magnitude of 247 mV into a 50Ω
load and allows double-terminated lines and half-duplex operation. The receivers detect a voltage difference
of less than 100 mV with up to 1 V of ground potential difference between a transmitter and receiver.
The intended application of this device and signaling technique is for half-duplex or multiplex baseband data
transmission over controlled impedance media of approximately 100-Ω characteristic impedance. The
transmission media may be printed-circuit board traces, backplanes, or cables. (Note: The ultimate rate and
distance of data transfer is dependent upon the attenuation characteristics of the media, the noise coupling to
the environment, and other application specific characteristics).
The SN65LVDM176 is characterized for operation from –40°C to 85°C.
Please be aware that an important notice concerning availability, standard warranty, and use in critical applications of
Texas Instruments semiconductor products and disclaimers thereto appears at the end of this data sheet.
PowerPAD is a trademark of Texas Instruments Incorporated.
PRODUCTION DATA information is current as of publication date.
Products conform to specifications per the terms of Texas Instruments
standard warranty. Production processing does not necessarily include
testing of all parameters.
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
Copyright 2000, Texas Instruments Incorporated
1
SN65LVDM176
HIGH-SPEED DIFFERENTIAL LINE TRANSCEIVER
SLLS320C – DECEMBER 1998 – REVISED MARCH 2000
AVAILABLE OPTIONS
T
A
–40°C to 85°CSN65LVDM176DSN65LVDM176DGK
†
The D package is available taped and reeled. Add the suffix R to the device type
(e.g., SN65LVDM176DR).
H = high level, L = low level, X = irrelevant,
Z = high impedance
SMALL OUTLINE
(D)
†
Function Tables
DRIVER
INPUTENABLE
DDE
LHLH
HHHL
OpenHLH
XLZZ
PACKAGE
OUTPUTS
AB
MSOP
(DGK)
†
RECEIVER
DIFFERENTIAL INPUTS
VID = VA – V
VID ≥ 100 mVLH
–100 mV < VID < 100 mVL?
VID ≤ –100 mVLL
OpenLH
H = high level, L = low level, X = irrelevant,
Z = high impedance
B
XHZ
ENABLEOUTPUT
RER
2
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
HIGH-SPEED DIFFERENTIAL LINE TRANSCEIVER
equivalent input and output schematic diagrams
V
CC
300 kΩ
D or RE
Input
7 V
50 Ω
300 kΩ
DE
50 Ω
Input
7 V
SN65LVDM176
SLLS320C – DECEMBER 1998 – REVISED MARCH 2000
V
CC
V
CC
10 kΩ
5 Ω
Y or Z
Output
7 V
7 V
V
CC
300 kΩ300 kΩ
B InputA Input
7 V
V
CC
5 Ω
R Output
7 V
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
3
SN65LVDM176
HIGH-SPEED DIFFERENTIAL LINE TRANSCEIVER
SLLS320C – DECEMBER 1998 – REVISED MARCH 2000
absolute maximum ratings over operating free-air temperature range (unless otherwise noted)
Lead temperature 1,6 mm (1/16 inch) from case for 10 seconds 260°C. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
†
Stresses beyond those listed under “absolute maximum ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and
functional operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated under “recommended operating conditions” is not
implied. Exposure to absolute-maximum-rated conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
NOTES: 1. All voltage values, except differential I/O bus voltage, are with respect to network ground terminal.
2. Tested in accordance with MIL-STD-883C Method 3015.7.
DISSIPATION RATING TABLE
PACKAGE
D725 mW5.8 mW/°C377 mW
DGK424 mW3.4 mW/°C220 mW
TA ≤ 25°C
POWER RATING
DERATING FACTOR
ABOVE TA = 25°C
TA = 85°C
POWER RATING
recommended operating conditions
MINNOMMAXUNIT
Supply voltage, V
High-level input voltage, V
Low-level input voltage, V
Magnitude of differential input voltage, VID0.10.6V
Common–mode input voltage, VIC (see Figure 1)
Operating free–air temperature, T
CC
IH
IL
A
33.33.6V
2V
0.8V
Ť
Ť
V
ID
2
–4085°C
2.4
*
VCC–0.8
Ť
V
ID
2
Ť
V
†
4
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
2.5
ICCSulycurrent
mA
2
1.5
1
– Common-Mode Input Voltage – V
0.5
IC
V
SN65LVDM176
HIGH-SPEED DIFFERENTIAL LINE TRANSCEIVER
SLLS320C – DECEMBER 1998 – REVISED MARCH 2000
COMMON-MODE INPUT VOLTAGE
vs
DIFFERENTIAL INPUT VOLTAGE
Max at VCC > 3.15 V
Max at VCC = 3 V
Min
0
0.10.3
0.20.40
|VID| – Differential Input Voltage – V
0.50.6
Figure 1
device electrical characteristics over recommended operating conditions (unless otherwise
noted)
PARAMETERTEST CONDITIONSMIN TYP†MAXUNIT
I
Supply current
†
All typical values are at 25°C and with a 3.3-V supply.
Driver and receiver enabled, No receiver load,
Driver RL = 50 Ω
Power-off input current (A or B inputs)VCC = 0 V or 1.8 V20µA
High-level input current (enables)VIH = 5 V10µA
Low-level input current (enables)VIL = 0.8 V10µA
High-impedance output current
p
‡
VI = 0 V–2–20
VI = 2.4 V–1.2
VO = 0 V or 5 V±1µA
–100
100
µ
6
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
SN65LVDM176
ns
R
L
50Ω
ns
See Figure 5
ns
See Figure 7
ns
See Figure 8
ns
HIGH-SPEED DIFFERENTIAL LINE TRANSCEIVER
SLLS320C – DECEMBER 1998 – REVISED MARCH 2000
driver switching characteristics over recommended operating conditions (unless otherwise
noted)
PARAMETERTEST CONDITIONSMIN TYP†MAXUNIT
t
PLH
t
PHL
t
sk(p)
t
r
t
f
t
PZH
t
PZL
t
PHZ
t
pLZ
†
All typical values are at 25°C and with a 3.3 V supply.
‡
t
sk(lim)
receiver switching characteristics over recommended operating conditions (unless otherwise
noted)
t
PLH
t
PHL
t
sk(p)
t
r
t
f
t
PZH
t
PZL
t
PHZ
t
PLZ
†
All typical values are at 25°C and with a 3.3-V supply.
‡
t
sk(lim)
Propagation delay time, low-to-high-level output0.51.72.7
Propagation delay time, high-to-low-level output
Pulse skew (|t
Differential output signal rise time
Differential output signal fall time0.61
Propagation delay time, high-impedance-to-high-level output812
Propagation delay time, high-impedance-to-low-level output
Propagation delay time, high-level-to-high-impedance output
Propagation delay time, low-level-to-high-impedance output410
is the maximum delay time difference between drivers over temperature, VCC, and process.
Propagation delay time, low-to-high-level output2.33.74.5
Propagation delay time, high-to-low-level output
Pulse skew (|t
Output signal rise time
Output signal fall time0.81.5
Propagation delay time, high-level-to-high-impedance output310
Propagation delay time, low-level-to-low-impedance output
Propagation delay time, high-impedance-to-high-level output
Propagation delay time, low-impedance-to-high-level output610
is the maximum delay time difference between drivers over temperature, VCC, and process.
– t
pHL
pHL
|)
pLH
PARAMETERTEST CONDITIONSMIN TYP†MAXUNIT
– t
|)
pLH
=
=
CL = 10 pF,
See Figure 3
CL = 10 pF,
,
0.51.72.7
0.2ns
0.61
2.33.74.5
0.4
0.81.5
710
310
ns
310
410
driver
PARAMETER MEASUREMENT INFORMATION
I
Driver Enabled
I
I
D
V
I
Figure 2. Driver Voltage and Current Definitions
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
OA
A
V
OD
I
OB
B
V
OA
V
V
OB
OC
VOA)
V
OB
2
7
SN65LVDM176
HIGH-SPEED DIFFERENTIAL LINE TRANSCEIVER
SLLS320C – DECEMBER 1998 – REVISED MARCH 2000
PARAMETER MEASUREMENT INFORMATION
driver (continued)
Driver Enabled
A
Input
B
Input
t
PLH
V
Output
OD(H)
V
OD
CL = 10 pF
(2 Places)
t
PHL
50 Ω±1%
2 V
1.4 V
0.8 V
100%
80%
0 V
V
OD(L)
20%
0%
t
f
NOTE A: All input pulses are supplied by a generator having the following characteristics: tr or tf ≤ 1 ns, pulse repetition rate (PRR) = 50 Mpps,
pulse width = 10 ± 0.2 ns . CL includes instrumentation and fixture capacitance within 0.06 mm of the D.U.T.
t
r
Figure 3. Test Circuit, Timing, and Voltage Definitions for the Differential Output Signal
Driver Enabled
Input
NOTE A: All input pulses are supplied by a generator having the following characteristics: tr or tf ≤ 1 ns, pulse repetition rate (PRR) = 0.5 Mpps,
pulse width = 500 ± 10 ns . CL includes instrumentation and fixture capacitance within 0.06 mm of the D.U.T. The measurement of
V
D
is made on test equipment with a –3 dB bandwidth of at least 300 MHz.
OC(PP)
A
B
25 Ω, ±1% (2 Places)
CL = 10 pF
(2 Places)
D
V
OC
V
O
V
OC(PP)
3 V
0 V
V
OC(SS)
Figure 4. Test Circuit and Definitions for the Driver Common-Mode Output V oltage
8
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
driver (continued)
PARAMETER MEASUREMENT INFORMATION
0.8 V or 2 V
DE
A
B
CL = 10 pF
(2 Places)
SN65LVDM176
HIGH-SPEED DIFFERENTIAL LINE TRANSCEIVER
SLLS320C – DECEMBER 1998 – REVISED MARCH 2000
25 Ω, ±1% (2 Places)
V
OAVOB
1.2 V
DE
V
OA
t
PZH
V
OB
t
PZL
NOTE A: All input pulses are supplied by a generator having the following characteristics: tr or tf ≤ 1 ns, pulse repetition rate (PRR) = 0.5 Mpps,
pulse width = 500 ± 10 ns . CL includes instrumentation and fixture capacitance within 0.06 mm of the D.U.T.
t
PHZ
t
PLZ
2 V
1.4 V
0.8 V
~1.4 V
1.25 V
1.2 V
1.2 V
1.15 V
~1 V
Figure 5. Enable and Disable Time Circuit and Definitions
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
9
SN65LVDM176
HIGH-SPEED DIFFERENTIAL LINE TRANSCEIVER
SLLS320C – DECEMBER 1998 – REVISED MARCH 2000
PARAMETER MEASUREMENT INFORMATION
receiver
VIA)
V
IB
2
V
IA
V
IC
Figure 6. Receiver Voltage Definitions
Table 1. Receiver Minimum and Maximum Input Threshold Test Voltages
A
V
ID
B
V
IB
R
V
O
APPLIED VOLTAGES
V
1.2151.185301.2
1.1851.215–301.2
2.372.4–302.385
0.030300.015
(V)
IA
2.42.37302.385
00.03–300.015
1.50.96001.2
0.91.5–6001.2
2.41.86002.1
1.82.4–6002.1
0.606000.3
00.6–6000.3
V
IB
RESULTING DIFFERENTIAL
INPUT VOLTAGE
(mV)
V
ID
RESULTING COMMON-
MODE INPUT VOLTAGE
V
(V)
IC
10
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
receiver (continued)
HIGH-SPEED DIFFERENTIAL LINE TRANSCEIVER
SLLS320C – DECEMBER 1998 – REVISED MARCH 2000
PARAMETER MEASUREMENT INFORMATION
V
ID
V
IA
V
IB
C
L
10 pF
V
O
SN65LVDM176
V
IA
V
IB
V
ID
t
PHL
V
O
NOTE A: All input pulses are supplied by a generator having the following characteristics: tr or tf ≤ 1 ns, pulse repetition rate (PRR) = 50 Mpps,
pulse width = 10 ± 0.2 ns. CL includes instrumentation and fixture capacitance within 0.06 m of the D.U.T.
2.4 V
0.4 V
t
f
t
PLH
t
r
1.4 V
1 V
0.4 V
0 V
–0.4 V
V
OH
1.4 V
V
OL
Figure 7. Timing Test Circuit and Waveforms
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
11
SN65LVDM176
HIGH-SPEED DIFFERENTIAL LINE TRANSCEIVER
SLLS320C – DECEMBER 1998 – REVISED MARCH 2000
PARAMETER MEASUREMENT INFORMATION
receiver (continued)
1.2 V
Inputs
NOTE A: All input pulses are supplied by a generator having the following characteristics: tr or tf ≤ 1 ns, pulse repetition rate (PRR) = 0.5 Mpps,
pulse width = 5000 ± 10 ns. CL includes instrumentation and fixture capacitance within 0.06 m of the D.U.T.
V
TEST
A
RE
t
PZL
t
PZL
RE
B
500 Ω
A
C
L
10 pF
V
O
t
PLZ
+
–
V
2.5 V
1 V
2 V
1.4 V
0.8 V
TEST
2.5 V
1.4 V
V
OL
0 V
1.4 V
2 V
1.4 V
0.8 V
V
OH
1.4 V
0 V
V
TEST
RE
t
R
A
PZH
R
VOL +0.5 V
t
PZH
VOH –0.5 V
t
PHZ
Figure 8. Enable/Disable Time Test Circuit and Waveforms
12
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
HIGH-SPEED DIFFERENTIAL LINE TRANSCEIVER
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS
SN65LVDM176
SLLS320C – DECEMBER 1998 – REVISED MARCH 2000
4
3
2
1
– Low-Level Output Voltage – V
OL
V
0
DRIVER
LOW-LEVEL OUTPUT VOLTAGE
vs
LOW-LEVEL OUTPUT CURRENT
VCC = 3.3 V
TA = 25°C
6102
IOL – Low-Level Output Current – mA
80
Figure 9
DRIVER
HIGH-LEVEL OUTPUT VOLTAGE
vs
HIGH-LEVEL OUTPUT CURRENT
3.5
3
2.5
2
1.5
1
– High-Level Output Voltage – V
OH
.5
V
124
0
0
IOH – High-Level Output Current – mA
–4–6
VCC = 3.3 V
TA = 25°C
–8–2
Figure 10
4
3
2
1
– High-Level Output Voltage – V
OH
V
0
RECEIVER
HIGH-LEVEL OUTPUT VOLTAGE
vs
HIGH-LEVEL OUTPUT CURRENT
VCC = 3.3 V
TA = 25°C
0
–20
IOH – High-Level Output Current – mA
–40–60
Figure 11
–80
5
4
3
2
– Low-Level Output Votlage – V
1
OL
V
0
RECEIVER
LOW-LEVEL OUTPUT VOLTAGE
vs
LOW-LEVEL OUTPUT CURRENT
VCC = 3.3 V
TA = 25°C
0
10
IOL – Low-Level Output Current – mA
2030
Figure 12
4050
60
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
13
SN65LVDM176
HIGH-SPEED DIFFERENTIAL LINE TRANSCEIVER
SLLS320C – DECEMBER 1998 – REVISED MARCH 2000
TYPICAL CHARACTERISTICS
DRIVER
HIGH-TO-LOW LEVEL PROPAGATION DELAY TIME
vs
FREE-AIR TEMPERATURE
2.5
2
PLH – High-To-Low Propagation Delay Time – ns
1.5
t
–50
VCC = 3 V
–30
–10
TA – Free-Air Temperature – °C
VCC = 3.3 V
VCC = 3.6 V
10
3070
5090
Figure 13
DRIVER
LOW-TO-HIGH LEVEL PROPAGATION DELAY TIME
vs
FREE-AIR TEMPERATURE
2.5
2
PLH – Low-To-High Propagation Delay Time – ns
1.5
t
–50
VCC = 3 V
–30
–10
TA – Free-Air Temperature – °C
VCC = 3.3 V
VCC = 3.6 V
10
3070
5090
Figure 14
RECEIVER
HIGH-TO-LOW LEVEL PROPAGATION DELAY TIME
vs
FREE-AIR TEMPERATURE
4.5
4
3.5
– High-To-Low Level Propagation Dealy T ime – ns
2.5
PLH
t
3
–50
VCC = 3 V
–30
TA – Free–Air Temperature – °C
VCC = 3.3 V
VCC = 3.6 V
–10
10
5090
3070
Figure 15
RECEIVER
LOW-TO-HIGH LEVEL PROPAGATION DELAY TIME
vs
FREE–AIR TEMPERATURE
4.5
VCC = 3 V
4
3.5
3
2.5
PLH – Low-To-High Level Propagation Delay Time – ns
t
–50
–30
VCC = 3.3 V
VCC = 3.6 V
–10
TA – Free-Air Temperature – °C
10
5090
3070
Figure 16
14
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
SN65LVDM176
HIGH-SPEED DIFFERENTIAL LINE TRANSCEIVER
SLLS320C – DECEMBER 1998 – REVISED MARCH 2000
APPLICATION INFORMATION
The devices are generally used as building blocks for high-speed point-to-point data transmission. Ground
differences are less than 1 V with a low common–mode output and balanced interface for very low noise emissions.
Devices can interoperate with RS-422, PECL, and IEEE-P1596. Drivers/Receivers maintain ECL speeds without the
power and dual supply requirements.
1000
100
10
1
Transmission Distance – m
24 AWG UTP 96 Ω (PVC Dielectric)
0.1
100k10M100M
5% Jitter
1M
30% Jitter
Data Rate – Hz
Figure 17. Data Transmission Distance Versus Rate
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
15
SN65LVDM176
HIGH-SPEED DIFFERENTIAL LINE TRANSCEIVER
SLLS320C – DECEMBER 1998 – REVISED MARCH 2000
APPLICATION INFORMATION
fail safe
One of the most common problems with differential signaling applications is how the system responds when
no differential voltage is present on the signal pair . The LVDS receiver is like most differential line receivers, in
that its output logic state can be indeterminate when the differential input voltage is between –100 mV and 100
mV and within its recommended input common-mode voltage range. TI’s LVDS receiver is different in how it
handles the open-input circuit situation, however.
Open-circuit means that there is little or no input current to the receiver from the data line itself. This could be
when the driver is in a high-impedance state or the cable is disconnected. When this occurs, the L VDS receiver
will pull each line of the signal pair to near V
feature uses an AND gate with input voltage thresholds at about 2.3 V to detect this condition and force the
output to a high-level regardless of the differential input voltage.
300 kΩ300 kΩ
through 300-kΩ resistors as shown in Figure 1 1. The fail-safe
CC
V
CC
A
Rt = 100 Ω (Typ)
B
VIT ≈ 2.3 V
Y
Figure 18. Open-Circuit Fail Safe of the LVDS Receiver
It is only under these conditions that the output of the receiver will be valid with less than a 100-mV differential
input voltage magnitude. The presence of the termination resistor, Rt, does not af fect the fail-safe function as
long as it is connected as shown in the figure. Other termination circuits may allow a dc current to ground that
could defeat the pull-up currents from the receiver and the fail-safe feature.
16
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
HIGH-SPEED DIFFERENTIAL LINE TRANSCEIVER
SLLS320C – DECEMBER 1998 – REVISED MARCH 2000
APPLICATIONS INFORMATION
SN65LVDM176
A
D
DE
RE
R
100 Ω
Note A: Keep drivers and receivers as close to the LVDS bus side connector as possible.
B
+
_
D/R
100 Ω
Bidirectional Half-Duplex Applications
D/R
D/R
Multipoint Bus Applications
100 Ω
D/R
D/R
D/R
A
B
+
_
Figure 19. Bidirectional Half-Duplex and Multipoint Bus Applications
D
DE
RE
R
D/R
100 Ω
D/R
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
17
SN65LVDM176
HIGH-SPEED DIFFERENTIAL LINE TRANSCEIVER
SLLS320C – DECEMBER 1998 – REVISED MARCH 2000
MECHANICAL DATA
D (R-PDSO-G**) PLASTIC SMALL-OUTLINE PACKAGE
14 PIN SHOWN
0.050 (1,27)
14
1
0.069 (1,75) MAX
0.020 (0,51)
0.014 (0,35)
8
7
A
0.010 (0,25)
0.004 (0,10)
DIM
0.157 (4,00)
0.150 (3,81)
PINS **
0.010 (0,25)
0.244 (6,20)
0.228 (5,80)
8
M
Seating Plane
0.004 (0,10)
14
0.008 (0,20) NOM
0°–8°
16
Gage Plane
0.010 (0,25)
0.044 (1,12)
0.016 (0,40)
A MAX
A MIN
NOTES: A. All linear dimensions are in inches (millimeters).
18
B. This drawing is subject to change without notice.
C. Body dimensions do not include mold flash or protrusion, not to exceed 0.006 (0,15).
D. Falls within JEDEC MS-012
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
0.197
(5,00)
0.189
(4,80)
0.344
(8,75)
0.337
(8,55)
0.394
(10,00)
0.386
(9,80)
4040047/D 10/96
SN65LVDM176
HIGH-SPEED DIFFERENTIAL LINE TRANSCEIVER
SLLS320C – DECEMBER 1998 – REVISED MARCH 2000
MECHANICAL DATA
DGK (R-PDSO-G8) PLASTIC SMALL-OUTLINE PACKAGE
0,65
0,38
0,25
8
1
3,05
2,95
5
3,05
2,95
4
Seating Plane
0,25
4,98
4,78
M
0,15 NOM
Gage Plane
0,25
0°–6°
0,69
0,41
1,07 MAX
NOTES: A. All linear dimensions are in millimeters.
B. This drawing is subject to change without notice.
C. Body dimensions do not include mold flash or protrusion.
D. Falls within JEDEC MO-187
0,15 MIN
0,10
4073329/A 02/97
POST OFFICE BOX 655303 • DALLAS, TEXAS 75265
19
IMPORTANT NOTICE
T exas Instruments and its subsidiaries (TI) reserve the right to make changes to their products or to discontinue
any product or service without notice, and advise customers to obtain the latest version of relevant information
to verify, before placing orders, that information being relied on is current and complete. All products are sold
subject to the terms and conditions of sale supplied at the time of order acknowledgement, including those
pertaining to warranty, patent infringement, and limitation of liability.
TI warrants performance of its semiconductor products to the specifications applicable at the time of sale in
accordance with TI’s standard warranty. Testing and other quality control techniques are utilized to the extent
TI deems necessary to support this warranty . Specific testing of all parameters of each device is not necessarily
performed, except those mandated by government requirements.
CERTAIN APPLICA TIONS USING SEMICONDUCTOR PRODUCTS MA Y INVOLVE POTENTIAL RISKS OF
DEATH, PERSONAL INJURY, OR SEVERE PROPERTY OR ENVIRONMENTAL DAMAGE (“CRITICAL
APPLICATIONS”). TI SEMICONDUCTOR PRODUCTS ARE NOT DESIGNED, AUTHORIZED, OR
WARRANTED TO BE SUITABLE FOR USE IN LIFE-SUPPORT DEVICES OR SYSTEMS OR OTHER
CRITICAL APPLICA TIONS. INCLUSION OF TI PRODUCTS IN SUCH APPLICATIONS IS UNDERST OOD TO
BE FULLY AT THE CUSTOMER’S RISK.
In order to minimize risks associated with the customer’s applications, adequate design and operating
safeguards must be provided by the customer to minimize inherent or procedural hazards.
TI assumes no liability for applications assistance or customer product design. TI does not warrant or represent
that any license, either express or implied, is granted under any patent right, copyright, mask work right, or other
intellectual property right of TI covering or relating to any combination, machine, or process in which such
semiconductor products or services might be or are used. TI’s publication of information regarding any third
party’s products or services does not constitute TI’s approval, warranty or endorsement thereof.
Copyright 2000, Texas Instruments Incorporated
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