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TDS200
Digital Real-Time Oscilloscopes
Operator Training Kit Manual
*P071108901*
071-1089-01
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TDS200
Operator Training Kit Manual
071-1089-01
www.tektronix.com
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Tektronix warrants that the parts, assemblies and supplies (“products”) that it manufactures
and sells will be free from defects in materials and workmanship for a period of three (3)
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General Safety Summary
Review the following safety precautions to avoid injury and prevent
damage to this product or any products connected to it. To avoid
potential hazards, use this product only as specified.
While using this product, you may need to access other parts of the
system. Read the General Safety Summary in other system manuals
for warnings and cautions related to operating the system.
To Avoid Fire or Personal Injury
Connect and Disconnect Properly. Do not connect or disconnect probes
or test leads while they are connected to a voltage source.
Connect the ground lead of the probe to earth ground only.
Replace Batteries Properly. Replace batteries only with the proper type
and rating specified.
Use Proper AC Adapter. Use only the AC adapter specified for this
product.
Use Proper Fuse. Use only the fuse type and rating specified for this
product.
Avoid Exposed Circuitry. Do not touch exposed connec tions and
components when power is present.
Do Not Operate With Suspected Failures. If you suspect there is damage
to this product, have it inspected by qualified service personnel.
Do Not Operate in Wet/Damp Conditions.
Do Not Operate in an Explosive Atmosphere.
Keep Product Surfaces Clean and Dry.
TDS200 Operator Training Kit Manual
General Safety Summary
Safety Terms and Symbols
Terms in This Manual. These terms may appear in this manual:
WARNING. Warning statements identify c onditions or practices that
could result in injury or loss of life.
CAUTION. Caution statements identify conditions or practices that
could result in damage to this product or other property.
Terms on the Product. These terms may appear on the product:
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read the marking.
WARNING indicates an injury hazard not immediately accessible as
you read the marking.
CAUTION indicates a hazard to property including the product.
Symbols on the Product. These symbols may appear on the product:
CAUTION
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TDS200 Operator Training Kit Manual
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TDS200 Operator Training Kit Manual
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TDS200 Operator Training Kit Manual
Table of Contents
Introduction to Oscilloscopes and Probes .................................1-1
Getting to Know Oscilloscopes ............................................ 1-2
Introduction to Oscilloscopes........................................... 1-2
Types of Oscilloscopes.................................................... 1-5
Oscilloscope Terminology ............................................. 1-12
Getting to Know Probes ..................................................... 1-20
Introduction to Probes ................................................... 1-20
Types of Voltage Probes ............................................... 1-21
How Probes Affect Measurements ................................ 1-24
Summary .................................................................................1-27
Getting Started with TDS200 Oscilloscopes .............................2-1
Setting Up TDS200 Oscilloscopes and Probes ................... 2-2
Introduction to TDS200 Oscilloscopes ............................ 2-2
Setting Up a TDS200 Oscilloscope ................................. 2-7
Primary Controls ................................................................ 2-23
VERTICAL Controls....................................................... 2-23
HORIZONTAL Controls ................................................. 2-34
TRIGGER Controls ........................................................ 2-39
Menu Function Controls ................................................ 2-46
Summary .................................................................................2-64
Using VERTICAL Controls ........................................................3-1
VERTICAL Control Knobs.................................................... 3-2
Setting Up VERTICAL Controls....................................... 3-3
Switching the Input Coupling ........................................... 3-5
TDS200 Series Oscilloscope – Operator Training Kit i
VERTICAL Control MENU Buttons...................................... 3-9
Modifying the Vertical Scale of a Displayed Waveform... 3-9
MATH MENU Controls ....................................................... 3-11
Adding Two Waveforms ................................................ 3-11
Subtracting Two Waveforms ......................................... 3-14
Performing FFT Operations........................................... 3-18
Summary .................................................................................3-22
Using HORIZONTAL Controls ..................................................4-1
HORIZONTAL Control Knobs.............................................. 4-2
Setting Up HORIZONTAL Controls ................................. 4-4
Setting the Delay Time for a Waveform .......................... 4-6
HORIZONTAL Control MENU Buttons ................................ 4-9
Expanding the Waveform Display ................................... 4-9
Summary .................................................................................4-12
Using TRIGGER Controls .........................................................5-1
Trigger Holdoff Controls ....................................................... 5-2
Setting Up TRIGGER Controls ........................................ 5-3
Assigning Trigger Holdoff ................................................ 5-6
Assigning Trigger Holdoff With an AM Signal ................. 5-8
TRIGGER Control MENU Buttons ..................................... 5-13
Using an External Trigger .............................................. 5-13
Selecting a Trigger Type ............................................... 5-17
Selecting the Signal Coupling for a Trigger................... 5-20
Summary .................................................................................5-23
ii TDS200 Series Oscilloscope – Operator Training Kit
Using Menu Function Controls..................................................6-1
ACQUIRE Menu Function Controls ..................................... 6-2
Using the Average Acquisition Mode .............................. 6-3
Using the Peak Detect Acquisition Mode ........................ 6-7
Step Response .............................................................. 6-10
DISPLAY Menu Function Controls .................................... 6-15
Selecting the Display Type ............................................ 6-15
Using Persistence.......................................................... 6-18
Using the XY Display Mode........................................... 6-21
CURSOR Menu Function Controls .................................... 6-24
Measuring the Vertical Scale ......................................... 6-24
Measuring the Horizontal Scale..................................... 6-27
Measuring Pulse Width.................................................. 6-29
Measuring Rise Time..................................................... 6-32
MEASURE Menu Function Controls.................................. 6-36
Taking Automatic Measurements .................................. 6-36
SAVE/RECALL Menu Function Controls ........................... 6-39
Saving and Recalling a Setup ....................................... 6-39
Saving and Recalling a Waveform ................................ 6-43
UTILITY Menu Function Controls ...................................... 6-46
Displaying the System Status........................................ 6-46
Summary .................................................................................6-49
Appendix A: Training 1 Signal Board: Signal Definitions……...A-1
Appendix B: Glossary……………………………………………..B-1
TDS200 Series Oscilloscope – Operator Training Kit iii
iv TDS200 Series Oscilloscope – Operator Training Kit
1
Introduction to Oscilloscopes and Probes
The environment around us contains various energy
sources, such as electronic appliances that generate
signals. Oscilloscopes allow you to observe these
signals to analyze the performance of these energy
sources. This module introduces oscilloscopes and the
methods to measure electrical signals by using
oscilloscopes and associated probes.
This module includes the following sections:
• Getting to Know Oscilloscopes
• Getting to Know Probes
TDS 200 Series Oscilloscopes – Operator Training Kit 1-1
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Introduction to Oscilloscopes and Probes
Getting to Know Oscilloscopes
This section provides an introduction to oscilloscopes. It
also describes the different types of oscilloscopes and
how they function. This section includes the following
topics:
• Introduction to Oscilloscopes
• Types of Oscilloscopes
• Oscilloscope Terminology
Introduction to Oscilloscopes
You use an oscilloscope to display electrical signals as
waveforms. A waveform is a graphical representation of
a wave.
An oscilloscope receives an electrical signal and
converts it into a waveform. The waveform represents
the change in voltage with time on an oscilloscope
display screen.
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Introduction to Oscilloscopes and Probes
You can use an oscilloscope to determine the following:
• The frequency of an oscillating signal
• The malfunctioning component in an electrical circuit
• Whether the signal is direct current (DC) or
alternating current (AC)
• What part of the signal is noise
You can also use oscilloscopes to measure electrical
signals in response to physical stimuli, such as sound,
mechanical stress, pressure, light, or heat. For example,
a television technician can use an oscilloscope to
measure signals from the television circuit board. A
medical researcher can use an oscilloscope to measure
brain waves.
TDS200 Series Oscilloscope – Operator Training Kit 1-3
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Introduction to Oscilloscopes and Probes
An oscilloscope contains various controls that help you
analyze waveforms, which are displayed on a graphical
grid. This graphical grid is called a graticule. The vertical
or Y-axis of the graticule typically represents voltage.
The horizontal or X-axis typically represents time
Figure 1.1 shows how an oscilloscope displays voltage
and time.
Figure 1.1: Oscilloscope display
1-4 TDS200 Series Oscilloscope – Operator Training Kit
Types of Oscilloscopes
Electronic equipment can be categorized into two types,
analog and digital. Analog equipment use variable
voltages while digital equipment use binary numbers that
represent voltage samples.
categorized into analog and digital.
Figure 1.2 shows the difference between analog and
digital oscilloscopes.
1
Introduction to Oscilloscopes and Probes
Similarly, oscilloscopes are
Figure 1.2: Analog and digital oscilloscopes
TDS200 Series Oscilloscope – Operator Training Kit 1-5
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Introduction to Oscilloscopes and Probes
Analog Oscilloscopes
Let us look at how analog oscilloscopes work. Figure 1.3
shows a diagram of an analog oscilloscope.
Figure 1.3: Block diagram of analog oscilloscopes
When you connect an analog oscilloscope to a circuit,
the voltage signal from the circuit travels to the vertical
deflection plates of the oscilloscope screen, which is a
phosphor-coated cathode-ray tube (CRT). As a result,
when an electron beam hits the phosphor inside the
CRT, the beam creates a glowing dot. When you apply
voltage to the deflection plates, the glowing dot moves.
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Introduction to Oscilloscopes and Probes
A positive voltage causes the dot to move up and a
negative voltage causes the dot to move down. The
signal also travels to a trigger system, which initiates a
horizontal sweep. The trigger causes the time base on
the X-axis of the display grid to move the glowing dot
across the screen from left to right within a specified time
interval. When many sweeps occur in a rapid sequence,
the movement of the glowing dot blends into a solid line.
Together, the horizontal sweeping and vertical deflecting
actions are displayed as a graph of the signal on the
screen.
You use triggering to stabilize a repeating signal. Proper
triggering ensures that the sweep begins at the same
point of a repeating signal, to show a stable waveform.
Figure 1.4 shows triggered and untriggered waveforms.
Figure 1.4: Untriggered and triggered display
TDS200 Series Oscilloscope – Operator Training Kit 1-7
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Introduction to Oscilloscopes and Probes
In analog oscilloscopes, the CRT limits the range of sine
wave frequencies that the oscilloscope can display. At
low frequencies, the signal appears as a bright, slowmoving dot that does not display the waveform. When
signal frequencies exceed the display speed of the CRT,
the displayed signal is either distorted, attenuated, or
both.
You can use an analog oscilloscope to display rapidly
varying signals in real time. The phosphor-based display
of an analog oscilloscope has an intensity grading, which
makes the trace brighter wherever the signal features
occur most frequently. You can then distinguish between
signal details by observing the intensity levels of the
displayed waveform.
Digital Oscilloscopes
In contrast to analog oscilloscopes, digital oscilloscopes
use an analog-to-digital converter (ADC). An ADC
converts the voltage being measured into a digital
format. A digital oscilloscope acquires a waveform as a
series of signal samples. It stores these signal samples
in its memory and then reassembles the waveform for
viewing on the screen.
1-8 TDS200 Series Oscilloscope – Operator Training Kit
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Introduction to Oscilloscopes and Probes
Digital oscilloscopes are categorized into two types,
digital storage oscilloscopes (DSO) and digital phosphor
oscilloscopes (DPO). Let us look at how these two types
of digital oscilloscopes work.
Digital Storage Oscilloscopes
In a DSO, an ADC takes samples of the signal at
discrete points in time and converts the voltage at these
points to digital values called sample points. The DSO
contains a sample clock that determines the frequency
at which the ADC takes samples. The rate at which the
ADC takes samples is called the sample rate and is
measured in samples per second.
The sample points from the ADC are stored in memory
as waveform points. These waveform points make one
waveform record. The number of waveform points used
to make a waveform record is called the record length. A
waveform is then displayed on the screen.
TDS200 Series Oscilloscope – Operator Training Kit 1-9
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Introduction to Oscilloscopes and Probes
Figure 1.5 shows how a DSO works.
Figure 1.5: Block diagram of a DSO
A DSO contains a microprocessor (represented by uP in
the figure above) that processes the signal, manages
display activities, and interprets front panel controls.
Digital Phosphor Oscilloscopes
A DPO uses electronic Digital Phosphor to display
waveforms on the screen. Digital Phosphor is a
database that uses separate cells to store information for
each pixel of the oscilloscope display screen. Every time
a waveform triggers, the cells that map to the display
path of the waveform are updated with intensity
information. Intensity information increases in cells
where the waveform passes.
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Introduction to Oscilloscopes and Probes
When the Digital Phosphor database is loaded on the
display screen of the oscilloscope, the screen shows
intensified waveform areas, in proportion to the
frequency of occurrence of the signal at each point. A
DPO may also allow varying frequency of signal details
to be displayed in different colors. Figure 1.6 shows how
a DPO works.
Figure 1.6: Block diagram of DPO
Similar to a DSO, a DPO also uses a microprocessor for
display management, measurement automation, and
analysis of the displayed waveforms.
TDS200 Series Oscilloscope – Operator Training Kit 1-11
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Introduction to Oscilloscopes and Probes
Oscilloscope Terminology
This topic discusses the following terminology related to
oscilloscopes:
• Types of waves
• Waveform measurements
• Performance terms
Types of Waves
You use waveform shapes to analyze a signal. Different
types of waveforms represent different types of signals.
Waveforms are classified into the following groups:
• Sine waves
• Square and rectangular waves
• Step and pulse waves
• Sawtooth and triangle waves
• Complex waves
1-12 TDS200 Series Oscilloscope – Operator Training Kit
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Introduction to Oscilloscopes and Probes
Sine Waves
A sine wave is a basic waveform that represents voltage
change with time. Signals produced by the oscillator
circuit in a signal generator are sine waves. Most AC
power sources produce sine waves. Figure 1.7 shows a
sine wave.
Figure 1.7: Sine wave
Square and Rectangular Waves
A square wave represents voltage signals that turn on
and off at regular intervals. It is a standard wave for
testing amplifiers, televisions, radios, and computer
circuits.
A rectangular wave represents high and low time periods
of a square wave that are unequal.
TDS200 Series Oscilloscope – Operator Training Kit 1-13
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Introduction to Oscilloscopes and Probes
Figure 1.8 shows square and rectangular waves.
Figure 1.8: Square and rectangular waves
Step and Pulse Waves
Step and pulse waves are generated only once from a
circuit. These signals are also called single-shot or
transient signals. A step wave indicates a sudden
change in voltage, which may be the result of turning on
an electric switch. A pulse wave represents a sudden
change in signal level followed by a return to the original
level. For example, a pulse is generated if you turn a
power switch on and then off again.
A pulse can represent the following information:
• One bit traveling through a computer circuit
• A defect or a glitch in a circuit
1-14 TDS200 Series Oscilloscope – Operator Training Kit
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Introduction to Oscilloscopes and Probes
Figure 1.9 shows examples of step and pulse waves.
Figure 1.9: Step and pulse waves
Sawtooth and Triangle Waves
Sawtooth and triangle waves represent a linearly
changing voltage required to control a device. A
sawtooth wave has a rising rate of change that is
different (faster or slower) than the falling rate of change.
A triangle wave has a rising rate of change equal to the
falling rate of change. Figure 1.10 shows examples of
sawtooth and triangle waves.
Figure 1.10: Sawtooth and triangle waves
TDS200 Series Oscilloscope – Operator Training Kit 1-15
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Introduction to Oscilloscopes and Probes
Complex Waves
Some waveforms combine the characteristics of sines,
squares, steps, and pulses to produce a complex wave
shape. Complex waves can represent signal information
embedded in the form of amplitude, phase, and/or
frequency variations. Figure 1.11 shows a complex
wave.
Figure 1.11: Complex wave
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Introduction to Oscilloscopes and Probes
Waveform Measurements
You use waveform measurements to determine specific
characteristics of waveforms.
Frequency and Period
Frequency represents the number of times a signal
repeats itself in one second. The frequency of a signal is
measured in Hertz (Hz). Period represents the time in
which a signal completes one cycle. Figure 1.12 shows
the frequency and period of a sine wave.
Figure 1.12: Frequency and period of a sine wave
TDS200 Series Oscilloscope – Operator Training Kit 1-17
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Introduction to Oscilloscopes and Probes
Phase and Phase Shift
A sine wave moves through 360° in one cycle. You can
use this phase information to calculate the elapsed time
from the reference or beginning point of the sine wave.
Figure 1.13 shows phase in a sine wave.
Figure 1.13: Phase in a sine wave
Phase shift refers to the degrees of difference between
two similar synchronous signals. Figure 1.14 shows a
phase shift between two sine waves.
Figure 1.14: Phase shift between two sine waves
1-18 TDS200 Series Oscilloscope – Operator Training Kit
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Introduction to Oscilloscopes and Probes
Performance Terms
Some terms and concepts related to how oscilloscopes
work are discussed below.
Bandwidth
Bandwidth is the frequency range of an oscilloscope
used to measure a sine wave signal accurately. By
convention, bandwidth specifies the frequency at which
the displayed sine wave reduces to 70.7% of the applied
sine wave signal amplitude.
Rise Time
Rise time is the time taken by a step or pulse to rise from
10% to 90% amplitude level.
Vertical Sensitivity
Vertical sensitivity is the range within which an amplifier
can amplify a weak signal. Vertical sensitivity is stated in
volts per division (volts/div).
Sweep Speed
Sweep speed is the speed at which a waveform can
sweep across the screen of an analog oscilloscope. The
sweep speed of an oscilloscope is stated in time per
division (sec/div).
TDS200 Series Oscilloscope – Operator Training Kit 1-19
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Introduction to Oscilloscopes and Probes
Getting to Know Probes
This section describes the different types of probes and
their applications. It includes the following topics:
• Introduction to Probes
• Types of Voltage Probes
• How Probes Affect Measurements
Introduction to Probes
A probe is an input device for an oscilloscope. You use a
probe to physically connect a signal source to an
oscilloscope.
A probe has two connection tips that connect the probe
to a circuit element. A probe also has a cable to transmit
signals from the circuit to an oscilloscope. An
appropriate probe has a negligible effect on the signal
transmitted to the oscilloscope and the behavior of the
circuit being tested.
1-20 TDS200 Series Oscilloscope – Operator Training Kit
Types of Voltage Probes
There are two types of voltage probes. They are called
passive voltage probes and active voltage probes.
Most voltage probes are packaged with standard
accessories. These accessories usually include a
ground lead clip that you can attach to a ground signal
source, a compensation adjustment tool, and one or
more probe tip accessories to help in connecting the
probe to test points. Figure 1.15 shows a passive probe
and standard accessories.
1
Introduction to Oscilloscopes and Probes
Figure 1.15: A passive voltage probe with accessories
TDS200 Series Oscilloscope – Operator Training Kit 1-21
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Introduction to Oscilloscopes and Probes
Passive Voltage Probes
Passive voltage probes consist of wires, connectors,
resistors, and capacitors. Passive voltage probes
typically have attenuation factors of 1X, 10X, and 100X
for different voltage ranges. The attenuation factor
represents the number of times a probe attenuates a
signal. In case of applications where signal amplitudes
require the best vertical sensitivity of the oscilloscope, a
1X probe can be used. You can use a switchable
1X/10X probe for a mix of low amplitude (10mV) and
moderate to high amplitude signals (10V or more).
Note: A switchable 1X/10X passive voltage probe
provides the characteristics of both 1X and 10X probes.
1X and 10X passive voltage probe modes have different
characteristics regarding attenuation factors, bandwidth,
rise time, and impedance. For example, a 1X passive
voltage probe will present a much higher capacitive load
than a 10X passive voltage probe to the circuit being
tested.
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Introduction to Oscilloscopes and Probes
Active Voltage Probes
Active voltage probes contain active components such
as transistors. Often, the active device is a field-effect
transistor (FET). An active FET voltage probe can
provide a very low input capacitance. As a result, active
FET probes have pre-defined bandwidths ranging from
500 MHz to 4 GHz.
The high input impedance of an active FET voltage
probe allows measurements to be made at test points of
unknown impedance with lower risk of loading effects.
As a result, active voltage probes can be used on highimpedance circuits that are sensitive to loading. On the
other hand, passive voltage probes cause more loading
effects, especially at high frequencies.
The voltage range of active FET voltage probes is within
±0.6 V to ±10 V. In addition, these probes can typically
withstand a maximum voltage of ±40 V, without being
damaged. Therefore, active voltage probes are used for
low signal level applications, including fast logic device
families, such as ECL and GaAs.
TDS200 Series Oscilloscope – Operator Training Kit 1-23
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Introduction to Oscilloscopes and Probes
How Probes Affect Measurements
To display a signal on an oscilloscope, the signal is
diverted to the oscilloscope input circuit. Depending on
the relative impedance values, the addition of the probe
to the test point can cause a load. This topic describes
the loading effects of probes on signals. These effects
are caused by probe impedance interacting with the
signal source impedance.
Signal Source Impedance
The value of the signal source impedance influences the
effect of probe loading. For example, with low source
impedance, a high-impedance 10X probe can have a
negligible loading effect. However, for high source
impedances, there can be a significant change in the
signal at the test point due to the probe. This change in
the signal is because the probe impedance is in parallel
with the circuit impedance.
To minimize this loading effect, you can try the following
remedies:
• Use a higher impedance probe.
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Introduction to Oscilloscopes and Probes
• Measure the signal at a test point where the
impedance is lower. For example, cathodes,
emitters, and sources, have lower impedances than
plates, collectors, and drains.
To reduce the loading effect of the probe on the signal
test point, the signal amplitude that is transmitted to the
oscilloscope input must be reduced, or attenuated. The
attenuated signal must be manually compensated when
using a high impedance passive attenuation probe.
Capacitive Loading
An increase in signal frequency or transition speed
decreases the reactive impedance of a capacitive
element. Consequently, capacitive loading increases the
rise and fall times on fast transition waveforms and
decreases the amplitude of high frequency details in
waveforms.
TDS200 Series Oscilloscope – Operator Training Kit 1-25
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Introduction to Oscilloscopes and Probes
When the output of a pulse generator is tested, the
probe input capacitance and resistance are in parallel
with the pulse generator. Probe resistance is usually
ignored because it is usually much greater than the
generator resistance. However, probe capacitance adds
to the total load capacitance and increases the
measured rise time.
Bandwidth Consideration
Bandwidth measurement system issues include the
bandwidth of both the probe and the oscilloscope.
Bandwidth is a sine wave specification. Bandwidth
specifies the maximum frequency of a sine wave that
can appear on the oscilloscope display with a maximum
of 29.3% decrease in amplitude. To ensure a sine wave
amplitude error of no more than 3%, the bandwidth of
the oscilloscope and probe combination should be three
to five times that of the circuit being tested.
Bandwidth and rise or fall time have an inverse
relationship. The rise time of the probe and oscilloscope
combination should be three to five times less than the
rise or fall time of the measured signal. This should
ensure an error of no more than 3% in the measured rise
or fall time.
1-26 TDS200 Series Oscilloscope – Operator Training Kit
Summary
In this module, you learned the following:
• An oscilloscope displays a waveform that represents
voltage change with time.
• Oscilloscopes are available in analog and digital
types.
• Digital oscilloscopes are of two types, digital storage
oscilloscopes (DSO) and digital phosphor
oscilloscopes (DPO).
• A DSO uses an ADC to convert the voltage being
measured into a digital format.
• A DPO uses electronic Digital Phosphor to display a
waveform.
• Waveforms are classified as:
1
Introduction to Oscilloscopes and Probes
o Sine waves
o Square and rectangular waves
o Step and pulse waves
o Sawtooth and triangle waves
o Complex waves
TDS200 Series Oscilloscope – Operator Training Kit 1-27
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Introduction to Oscilloscopes and Probes
• You use a probe to physically connect a signal
source to an oscilloscope.
• You need to compensate a passive attenuation
probe to transfer an accurate signal from the circuit
being tested to the oscilloscope.
• There are two types of voltage probes, active
voltage probes and passive voltage probes.
• Probes affect the signal generated by a circuit by
impedance loading.
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2
Getting Started with TDS200 Oscilloscopes
This module introduces and describes the TDS200
series of digital storage oscilloscope. In this module, you
will learn about the basic features, specifications, and
primary controls of a TDS200 oscilloscope. You will also
learn how to set up the oscilloscope. At the end of this
module, you will be able to do the following:
• Identify the models of the TDS200 series of
oscilloscopes.
• Set up a TDS200 oscilloscope for general use.
• Understand the Training 1 signal board.
• Compensate a probe.
• Identify the primary controls of a TDS200
oscilloscope.
This module includes the following sections:
• Setting Up TDS200 Oscilloscopes and Probes
• Primary Controls
Note: TDS200 refers to all models in the TDS200 series.
TDS200 Series Oscilloscope – Operator Training Kit 2-1
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Getting Started with TDS200 Oscilloscopes
Setting Up TDS200 Oscilloscopes and Probes
This section provides information about the TDS200
series of oscilloscopes. In addition, this section
describes the procedures to set up a TDS200
oscilloscope and the considerations that you need to
keep in mind during the setup process.
This section includes the following topics:
• Introduction to TDS200 Oscilloscopes
• Setting Up TDS200 Oscilloscopes
Introduction to TDS200 Oscilloscopes
The TDS200 series of oscilloscopes consists of three
models: TDS210, TDS220, and TDS224. All the models
are digital real-time oscilloscopes and share various
features and characteristics.
You can use the TDS200 series of oscilloscopes to
perform various tasks, such as designing, debugging,
verifying, and servicing circuits and manufacturing and
quality control. The low cost, high performance, small
size, and ease of use of these oscilloscopes make them
ideal to be used for various measurement and
troubleshooting applications.
2-2 TDS 200 Series Oscilloscope – Operator Training Kit
Getting Started with TDS200 Oscilloscopes
Figure 2.1 shows a TDS220 oscilloscope.
2
Figure 2.1: The TDS220 digital storage oscilloscope
TDS 200 Series Oscilloscope – Operator Training Kit 2-3
2
Getting Started with TDS200 Oscilloscopes
Figure 2.2 shows a TDS224 oscilloscope.
Figure 2.2: The TDS224 digital storage oscilloscope
2-4 TDS 200 Series Oscilloscope – Operator Training Kit
Getting Started with TDS200 Oscilloscopes
Features of TDS200 Oscilloscopes
TDS200 oscilloscopes are versatile and flexible DSOs
and provide the following features:
High bandwidth
TDS200 oscilloscopes provide a wide bandwidth that
ranges from 60 MHz to 100 MHz. In addition, all the
models have a bandwidth limit selection of 20 MHz.
Digital features
TDS200 oscilloscopes have a 1GS/s sample rate for
every channel. All models include features, such as
autoset for quick setup, automatic measurements,
memory storage, and PC connectivity.
Ease of use
TDS200 oscilloscopes include a high-resolution LCD
display, multi-language on-screen menus, multilanguage front panel templates, separate VERTICAL
controls for each channel, autoset, and automatic
measurements.
2
TDS 200 Series Oscilloscope – Operator Training Kit 2-5
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Getting Started with TDS200 Oscilloscopes
Versatility
TDS200 oscilloscopes allow the use of various optional
extension modules, such as communication and Fast
Fourier Transform (FFT) modules, GPIB and LAN
adapters, and waveform capture software for varied
applications.
Differences Between the TDS200 Models
The various models of TDS200 oscilloscopes differ from
each other primarily in bandwidth and the number of
available channels. The various TDS200 models have
the following basic differences:
• The TDS220 and TDS224 oscilloscopes have a
bandwidth of 100 MHz while the TDS210
oscilloscope has a bandwidth of 60 MHz.
2-6 TDS 200 Series Oscilloscope – Operator Training Kit
Getting Started with TDS200 Oscilloscopes
• The TDS210 and TDS220 oscilloscopes have two
channels each for incoming signals while the
TDS224 oscilloscope has four channels for incoming
signals.
• The 2-channel TDS210 and TDS220 oscilloscopes
each have an external trigger input, while the 4channel TDS224 does not.
You will learn about other features of the three TDS200
models in the other sections of this Operator Training Kit
manual.
Setting Up a TDS200 Oscilloscope
This section provides the information and procedures
that you will use to set up a TDS200 oscilloscope.
Safety Precautions
You must observe certain safety precautions while
setting up a TDS200 oscilloscope to avoid injury to
yourself and damage to the oscilloscope.
2
TDS 200 Series Oscilloscope – Operator Training Kit 2-7
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Getting Started with TDS200 Oscilloscopes
The following safety precautions are to be adhered to
while operating the TDS200 oscilloscope:
• Observe and understand all ratings and terminal
markings on the oscilloscope before you start using
it.
• Use the power cord designed for the oscilloscope.
The power cord must have the appropriate power
rating as per the specification in your country.
• Ensure that probes and test leads are not attached
to a voltage source while connecting or
disconnecting from the oscilloscope.
• Ensure that the oscilloscope is properly grounded
before you connect the various accessories, such as
probes, to the input or output terminals of the
oscilloscope.
• Connect the probe ground lead only to the ground
potential.
• Ensure that you do not operate the oscilloscope
either with any panels removed or with exposed
circuitry.
2-8 TDS 200 Series Oscilloscope – Operator Training Kit
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Getting Started with TDS200 Oscilloscopes
• Ensure that the operational environment of the
oscilloscope is properly ventilated and is not humid.
• Do not connect any oscilloscope input to any AC,
DC, or spike voltage over the input rating.
• Do not connect any probe input to any AC, DC, or
spike voltage over the probe rating.
Preliminary Functional Check
Perform the following functional check procedure on a
TDS200 oscilloscope to verify that it is functioning
properly.
1. Connect your TDS200 oscilloscope to an AC supply
using the appropriate power cord and adapters.
2. On the top of the oscilloscope, push the ON/OFF
button to turn on the power.
Wait until the display shows that the oscilloscope
has passed all self tests.
TDS 200 Series Oscilloscope – Operator Training Kit 2-9
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Getting Started with TDS200 Oscilloscopes
3. On the top of the front panel, push the
SAVE/RECALL menu button.
4. Push the appropriate side-screen menu button to
select Setups.
5. Push the appropriate side-screen menu button to
select Recall Factory.
6. In the VERTICAL section, push the CH 1 MENU
button.
7. Push the appropriate side-screen menu button to set
probe attenuation for Channel 1 to Probe 10X.
8. Connect the P2100 passive voltage probe provided
with the oscilloscope to the CH1 input connector.
Ensure that the attenuation switch on the probe is
set to 10X.
9. Attach the probe tip and the ground lead to the
PROBE COMP and the ground connectors on the
oscilloscope, respectively.
2-10 TDS 200 Series Oscilloscope – Operator Training Kit
Getting Started with TDS200 Oscilloscopes
10. On the top of the front panel, push the AUTOSET
button.
You will observe a square wave of about 5 volts
peak-to-peak at a frequency of 1 kHz, as shown in
Figure 2.3.
Figure 2.3: Square wave of 5 volts peak-to-peak at 1 kHz
2
TDS 200 Series Oscilloscope – Operator Training Kit 2-11
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Getting Started with TDS200 Oscilloscopes
11. In the VERTICAL section, push the CH 1 MENU
button.
12. In the VERTICAL section, push the CH 2 MENU
button and repeat steps 7 through 9 for Channel 2.
Repeat the previous procedure for Channel 3 and
Channel 4 if you are using the TDS224 oscilloscope.
Your oscilloscope has passed the functional check if you
observe a square wave similar to the waveform shown in
Figure 2.3 for all channels.
2-12 TDS 200 Series Oscilloscope – Operator Training Kit
Getting Started with TDS200 Oscilloscopes
Introduction to the Training 1 Signal Board
You will use the Training 1 signal board for most
procedures in this Operator Training Kit. Figure 2.4
shows the Training 1 signal board.
2
Figure 2.4: The Training 1 signal board
TDS 200 Series Oscilloscope – Operator Training Kit 2-13
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Getting Started with TDS200 Oscilloscopes
The Training 1 signal board has various pins that
generate different kinds of signals. Each pin is labeled
according to the signal it generates. You can view and
analyze these signals on your TDS200 oscilloscope.
You can use either a 9-volt battery (NEDA type 1604,
Alkaline recommended) or a line transformer with an
output of 9-volts, 1A, to power the Training 1 signal
board. A 9-volt battery is supplied with your Training 1
signal board. However, for long-term use you can also
order the appropriate wall transformer with the
recommended output for your country from Tektronix.
Part Numbers Wall Transformer
Accessories
119-4238-00
119-4239-00
119-4240-00
119-4241-00
119-4242-00
2-14 TDS 200 Series Oscilloscope – Operator Training Kit
Australian plug 240V
UK plug 240V
Universal Euro plug 220V
Japanese cert T-mark 100V
U.S. plug 115V
2
Getting Started with TDS200 Oscilloscopes
Note: When using a wall transformer for power, you
should remove the 9-volt battery from the Training 1
signal board.
You should also disconnect the wall transformer from the
Training 1 signal board when the signal board is not in
use. This is because even when both Analog PWR and
Digital PWR indicator lights are off, wall power is still
supplied to the Training 1 signal board.
The Training 1 signal board has a three-step switch.
When you push POWER once, the analog signals of the
Training 1 signal board are activated. When you push
POWER twice, both analog and digital signals of the
Training 1 signal board are activated. When you push
POWER a third time, the Training 1 signal board is
powered down.
Note: The POWER button does not remove all power
from the Training 1 signal board. When you push the
POWER button three times, the signal board is just put
on standby.
TDS 200 Series Oscilloscope – Operator Training Kit 2-15
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Getting Started with TDS200 Oscilloscopes
Pins 1 to 6 of the Training 1 signal board provide digital
signals, while pins 9 to 16 provide analog signals. All
pins labeled GND provide the common signal reference.
For a description of the signal from each pin of the
Training 1 signal board, see Appendix A, Training 1
Signal Board: Signal Definitions, starting on page A-1.
When you use the Training 1 signal board in analog-only
mode, a 9-volt battery will last for approximately thirty
hours. However, when you use the Training 1 signal
board in analog-digital mode, a 9-volt battery will last for
approximately 7-10 hours.
The Training 1 signal board has a built in power-save
mode. The Training 1 signal board switches itself off
automatically after being switched on for about 1 hour.
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Getting Started with TDS200 Oscilloscopes
Probe Compensation
When you attach a passive voltage attenuation probe to
an oscilloscope, the capacitances of both the probe
cable and the oscilloscope’s input combine. This
combined capacitance must match the capacitance of
the input attenuation circuit of the probe. You must
balance these capacitive effects between the probe and
oscilloscope.
Probes are designed to match the inputs of specific
oscilloscope models. However, there are slight variations
between oscilloscopes and even between different input
channels in an oscilloscope. To minimize these
variations, attenuating passive probes (10X and 100X
probes) have built-in compensation networks. You need
to adjust this network to compensate the probe for the
oscilloscope channel that you are using.
TDS 200 Series Oscilloscope – Operator Training Kit 2-17
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Getting Started with TDS200 Oscilloscopes
Note: You must compensate a passive voltage
attenuation probe every time you change a
probe/channel connection on your oscilloscope. This
ensures that the probe accurately transfers the signal
from a signal source to the oscilloscope.
The following procedure enables you to balance the
capacitive and resistive effects of a probe and an
oscilloscope by compensating the probe.
Note: This procedure assumes that the oscilloscope retains
the settings from the previous preliminary functional check
procedure (page 2-9).
To compensate a probe, follow these steps:
1. On the top of the front panel, push the
SAVE/RECALL menu button.
2. Push the appropriate side-screen menu button to
select Setups.
2-18 TDS 200 Series Oscilloscope – Operator Training Kit
Getting Started with TDS200 Oscilloscopes
3. Push the appropriate side-screen menu button to
select Recall Factory.
4. In the VERTICAL section, push the CH2 MENU
button.
5. On the top of the front panel, push the AUTOSET
button.
6. In the VERTICAL section, use the VOLTS/DIV and
POSITION knobs for CH 1 and CH 2 to set CH1
2.00V in the top half of the display, and CH2 2.00V
in the bottom half of the display.
2
TDS 200 Series Oscilloscope – Operator Training Kit 2-19
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Getting Started with TDS200 Oscilloscopes
You can now observe square waveforms displayed on
the oscilloscope. These are similar to the waveforms
shown in Figure 2.5.
Figure 2.5: CH1 and CH2 probe compensation signal
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Getting Started with TDS200 Oscilloscopes
However, the waveforms could also have distorted
corners. Such waveforms could be similar to the
waveforms shown in Figure 2.6 or Figure 2.7.
Figure 2.6: Probe undercompensated
2
Figure 2.7: Probe overcompensated
TDS 200 Series Oscilloscope – Operator Training Kit 2-21
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Getting Started with TDS200 Oscilloscopes
An undercompensated or overcompensated probe can
cause errors in measurements. To compensate the
probe correctly, you must use the probe adjustment tool
provided with the probe. The probe adjustment tool
resembles a small screwdriver. You insert the probe
adjustment tool in a small slot just behind the probe
connector head in the probe body.
After probe adjustment for each channel, you should
observe a square waveform with square corners as
shown in Figure 2.5 on page 2-20.
2-22 TDS 200 Series Oscilloscope – Operator Training Kit
Primary Controls
The TDS200 oscilloscopes provide different controls to
modify different components of the displayed waveform.
This section describes the following primary controls on
the front panel.
• VERTICAL Controls
• HORIZONTAL Controls
• TRIGGER Controls
• Menu Function Controls
VERTICAL Controls
You use the VERTICAL controls to set or modify the
waveform vertical scale, position, input coupling,
bandwidth, and other signal conditioning. The
VERTICAL controls consist of the following three
subsections:
2
Getting Started with TDS200 Oscilloscopes
• VERTICAL control knobs
• VERTICAL control menu buttons
• MATH MENU controls
TDS 200 Series Oscilloscope – Operator Training Kit 2-23
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Getting Started with TDS200 Oscilloscopes
The three subsections of the VERTICAL controls are
located on the front panel as shown in Figure 2.8.
Figure 2.8: TDS200 VERTICAL controls
The TDS200 oscilloscopes have a set of VERTICAL
controls for each channel.
2-24 TDS 200 Series Oscilloscope – Operator Training Kit
Getting Started with TDS200 Oscilloscopes
VERTICAL Control Knobs
The VERTICAL controls for each channel consist of two
knobs, the VOLTS/DIV knob and the POSITION knob.
VOLTS/DIV knob
You use the VOLTS/DIV knob to set and change the
vertical voltage scale for the displayed waveform. For
example, if the channel 1 volts/div setting is CH1 5.00V
on the displayed readout, then each vertical division for
channel 1 on the graticule represents 5 Volts, and the
entire graticule of eight vertical divisions can display
40 Volts peak-to-peak.
POSITION knob
You use the POSITION knob of the VERTICAL controls
of a given channel to move the displayed waveform up
or down on the display.
2
TDS 200 Series Oscilloscope – Operator Training Kit 2-25
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Getting Started with TDS200 Oscilloscopes
Figure 2.9 shows the VERTICAL control knobs.
Figure 2.9: VERTICAL control knobs
VERTICAL Control Menu Buttons
A TDS200 oscilloscope includes menu-based functions
to select various commands for the VERTICAL control of
each channel. You use the side-screen menu-based
VERTICAL controls for a channel to select various
functions, such as the input coupling type, bandwidth
limit of the channel, and probe attenuation.
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Getting Started with TDS200 Oscilloscopes
To activate the VERTICAL menu-based functions for
Channel 1, perform the following step:
• In the VERTICAL section on the front panel, push
the CH1 MENU button.
The menu for Channel 1 is activated on the display.
You can control each menu option by pushing the
side-screen button next to the option. Similarly, you
can activate the menu for Channel 2 for the TDS210
and TDS220 oscilloscopes. You can also select
vertical menu options for Channels 3 and 4 for a
TDS224 oscilloscope. Figure 2.10 shows the menubased options for VERTICAL controls.
2
Figure 2.10: Menu-based options for VERTICAL controls
TDS 200 Series Oscilloscope – Operator Training Kit 2-27
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Getting Started with TDS200 Oscilloscopes
Menu
Option
Description
Coupling
Bandwidth
Limit
Volts/Div
You use this menu option to select the
coupling type for a channel. You can
select AC, DC, or Ground .
You use this menu option to set the
bandwidth limit of a channel at either
100 MHz for the TDS220 and TDS224
oscilloscopes (or 60 MHz for a TDS210
oscilloscope) or 20 MHz. A lower
bandwidth limit lowers the displayed
noise and results in a clearer display.
This lowered bandwidth also limits the
display of higher speed details on the
selected signal.
You use this menu option to select the
incremental sequence of the VOLTS/DIV
knob as Coarse or Fine. The Coarse
option defines a 1-2-5 incremental
sequence. The Fine option helps you
change the resolution by small
increments within the coarse settings.
2-28 TDS 200 Series Oscilloscope – Operator Training Kit
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Getting Started with TDS200 Oscilloscopes
Probe
You use this menu option to match a
probe attenuation of 1X, 10X, 100X, or
1000X.
Warning: For safety, this menu must be
set correctly when working with high
voltages. For example, if you have a
x100 probe and this menu is set to x1,
the oscilloscope will show a 2 volt signal
on screen (a circuit safe to touch) when
there is a 200 volt signal connected (not
safe).
Invert
You use this menu option to invert the
displayed waveform. However, you can
only use this function on a TDS210 or
TDS220 oscilloscope if a TDS2MM
extension module is installed. However,
the Invert function is standard on all
TDS210/220 oscilloscopes with firmware
version FV:v2.00. These oscilloscopes
do not require a TDS2MM module.
For procedures that use the VERTICAL controls, see
Using VERTICAL Controls starting on page 3-1.
TDS 200 Series Oscilloscope – Operator Training Kit 2-29
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Getting Started with TDS200 Oscilloscopes
MATH MENU Controls
You use the MATH MENU controls to perform math
operations on displayed waveforms. You can choose to
add or subtract two waveforms on all TDS200 models.
The FFT function is available only as an option. If the
TDS2MM extension module is installed, you can perform
FFT operations on a displayed waveform.
To activate the MATH MENU menu-based functions,
perform the following step:
• In the VERTICAL section (or above the VERTICAL
section for the TDS224), push the MATH MENU
button.
The menu for the MATH operations is activated on
the display.
2-30 TDS 200 Series Oscilloscope – Operator Training Kit
Getting Started with TDS200 Oscilloscopes
Figure 2.11 shows the menu-based options for
MATH controls. You control each menu option by
pushing the side-screen button next to the option.
Figure 2.11: Examples of MATH MENU functions
2
TDS 200 Series Oscilloscope – Operator Training Kit 2-31
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Getting Started with TDS200 Oscilloscopes
Menu
Options
Description
Operation
CH1+CH2
You use this menu option to select the
type of operation you want to perform,
such as subtraction, addition, or FFT.
Each operation activates a separate
menu.
The Operation menu option is not
available with the TDS2MM extension
module. In an oscilloscope with the
TDS2MM extension module, you
subtract one channel from another by
inverting the subtracted channel in its
menu selection.
This menu option is activated when
you select the addition (+) operation.
You use this menu option to add two
waveforms from CH1 and CH2. In a
TDS224 oscilloscope, you can also
perform the CH3+CH4 operation.
2-32 TDS 200 Series Oscilloscope – Operator Training Kit
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Getting Started with TDS200 Oscilloscopes
CH1-CH2
This menu option is activated when
you select the subtraction (-) operation
to subtract one waveform from another.
You can perform both CH1-CH2 and
CH2-CH1 operations. In a TDS224
oscilloscope, you can also perform
CH3-CH4 and CH4-CH3 operations.
FFT
This menu option is activated when
you select the FFT option to perform
an FFT operation on the displayed
waveform. The FFT menu contains the
following selections:
• Source signal as CH1 or CH2.
• Window types as Hanning,
Rectangular, or Flattop.
• FFT Zoom levels as X1, X2, X5, or
X10.
For procedures using the MATH controls, see MATH
MENU Controls starting on page 3-11.
TDS 200 Series Oscilloscope – Operator Training Kit 2-33
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Getting Started with TDS200 Oscilloscopes
HORIZONTAL Controls
You use the HORIZONTAL controls to regulate the
horizontal acquisition and display of a waveform. The
HORIZONTAL controls are associated with the
acquisition of an input signal by the oscilloscope. You
can divide the HORIZONTAL controls into the following
two subsections:
• HORIZONTAL control knobs
• HORIZONTAL control menu buttons
These two sections are arranged on the front panel as
shown in Figure 2.12.
Figure 2.12: TDS200 HORIZONTAL controls
2-34 TDS 200 Series Oscilloscope – Operator Training Kit
Getting Started with TDS200 Oscilloscopes
HORIZONTAL Control Knobs
The HORIZONTAL control section consists of two
knobs, the SEC/DIV knob and the POSITION knob.
SEC/DIV knob
You use the SEC/DIV knob to control a waveform’s
horizontal time scale. The horizontal center of the
display is the time reference for expanding and
compressing waveforms. If the sec/div setting is
100 milliseconds (ms), then each horizontal division on
the graticule represents 100 ms and the entire graticule
of 10 horizontal divisions can display 1000 ms or one
second.
POSITION knob
You use the POSITION knob of the HORIZONTAL
controls to move the displayed waveform to the left or
the right of the horizontal center of the graticule. The
HORIZONTAL POSITION knob changes the point,
relative to the trigger, where the waveform appears on
the screen.
2
TDS 200 Series Oscilloscope – Operator Training Kit 2-35
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Getting Started with TDS200 Oscilloscopes
Figure 2.13 shows the HORIZONTAL control knobs.
Figure 2.13: HORIZONTAL Control Knobs
HORIZONTAL Control Menu Buttons
A TDS200 oscilloscope includes menu-based functions
to select various commands for the HORIZONTAL
controls.
2-36 TDS 200 Series Oscilloscope – Operator Training Kit
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To activate the HORIZONTAL menu-based functions,
perform the following step:
• In the HORIZONTAL section on the front panel,
push the HORIZONTAL MENU button.
The HORIZONTAL menu is activated on the display.
You can control each menu option by pushing the
side-screen button next to the option. Figure 2.14
shows the menu-based options for HORIZONTAL
controls.
2
Figure 2.14: Menu-based options for HORIZONTAL
controls
TDS 200 Series Oscilloscope – Operator Training Kit 2-37
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Getting Started with TDS200 Oscilloscopes
Menu
Option
Description
Main
You use this menu option to display the
main horizontal time base setting for
the displayed waveform.
Window
Zone
You use this menu option to adjust the
window zone with the horizontal
POSITION and SEC/DIV knobs. A
window zone is an area defined by two
vertical dotted line cursors on the
oscilloscope display.
Window
You use this menu option to magnify
the section of the waveform visible
within the window zone to full
horizontal screen size.
Trig knob
You use this menu option to specify
whether the LEVEL/HOLDOFF knob
controls the trigger level (in volts) or
the trigger holdoff time (in seconds).
For procedures using the HORIZONTAL controls, see
Using HORIZONTAL Controls starting on page 4-1.
2-38 TDS 200 Series Oscilloscope – Operator Training Kit
TRIGGER Controls
You use the TRIGGER controls to reference the
acquisition of signals. You also use the TRIGGER
controls to set the trigger threshold conditions for a
signal and assign a holdoff time to the trigger. Figure
2.15 shows the TRIGGER controls.
2
Getting Started with TDS200 Oscilloscopes
Figure 2.15: TDS200 TRIGGER controls
Warning: If the oscilloscope is incorrectly triggered, the
display may not represent the signal connected to the
probe. The display may instead show a previous safe
reading, when a dangerous voltage is actually connected
to the input.
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Getting Started with TDS200 Oscilloscopes
The TRIGGER controls on the front panel consists of the
following:
TRIGGER LEVEL/HOLDOFF knob
You use the TRIGGER LEVEL/HOLDOFF knob to
control the trigger level or the holdoff time for a trigger.
However, you must first select the appropriate option in
the HORIZONTAL menu to specify whether the knob
controls the trigger level or the holdoff time.
SET LEVEL TO 50% button
You use this button to set the trigger level to the vertical
midpoint between the peaks of a trigger signal.
FORCE TRIGGER button
You use this button to force a signal acquisition to occur
in the absence of a trigger signal. This manual trigger
function can become necessary when using trigger type
Mode Normal or Mode Single. You can select these
trigger types from the TRIGGER menu.
TRIGGER VIEW button
You use this button to display the trigger waveform
instead of the channel waveform. You can also use this
button to check how trigger settings affect trigger signals
such as trigger coupling.
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Getting Started with TDS200 Oscilloscopes
You must keep the TRIGGER VIEW button pushed
down to see the trigger waveform. The waveform
disappears from the display when you release the
button.
TRIGGER MENU button
You use the TRIGGER MENU button to activate the
TRIGGER menu on the oscilloscope display.
To activate the TRIGGER menu-based functions,
perform the following step:
• In the TRIGGER section on the front panel, push the
TRIGGER MENU button.
The TRIGGER menu is activated on the display.
TDS 200 Series Oscilloscope – Operator Training Kit 2-41
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Getting Started with TDS200 Oscilloscopes
Figure 2.16 shows the menu-based options for
TRIGGER controls. You can control each menu
option by pushing the side-screen button next to the
option.
Figure 2.16: Menu-based options for TRIGGER controls
You use the TRIGGER menu to select either Edge or
Video triggering for a waveform. Both Edge and Video
triggering have a unique menu display. As a result, the
menu options change according to the triggering type
that you select.
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You use Edge triggering to trigger on the edge of the
triggering signal at the signal threshold. You can select
various menu options for Edge triggering.
2
Menu
Option
Slope
Source
Mode
Description
You select this menu option to specify
a trigger on either the rising or falling
edge of a signal.
You use this menu option to select an
input source for a trigger signal. You
can select various input sources, such
as CH1, CH2, and AC Line, for
TDS210 and TDS220 oscilloscopes.
For a TDS224 oscilloscope, you can
also select CH3 and CH4 as input
sources.
You use this menu option to select the
type of triggering as Normal, Single,
or Auto.
The Normal trigger mode triggers only
on a valid signal.
TDS 200 Series Oscilloscope – Operator Training Kit 2-43
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Getting Started with TDS200 Oscilloscopes
The Auto trigger mode forces
acquisitions to occur in the absence of
a triggering signal. It also forces an
untriggered, scanning waveform at
time base settings slower than
50.0 ms.
The Single trigger mode is used to
capture a single acquisition of a signal.
In the Single mode, the caption Ready
appears at the top of the oscilloscope
display to indicate that the oscilloscope
is ready for a trigger. You can press
the FORCE TRIGGER button in the
TRIGGER section to force an
acquisition. After this trigger, the
caption Stop appears at the top of the
display. To re-arm the trigger, you
need to press the RUN/STOP button at
the top of the front panel. The caption
Ready appears again at the top of the
display.
2-44 TDS 200 Series Oscilloscope – Operator Training Kit
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Getting Started with TDS200 Oscilloscopes
Coupling
You use Video triggering to trigger on a NTSC, PAL, or
SECAM standard video signal. You can select various
menu options for Video triggering.
You use this menu option to select the
components of the trigger signal that
are applied to the trigger circuitry. You
can set the trigger coupling as AC, DC,
Noise Reject, HF Reject, and LF
Reject.
Note: For definitions of these terms, see
Appendix B.
Menu
Option
Polarity
Description
You use this menu option to select
Normal or Inverted polarity. Inverted
polarity triggers a video signal when
the input signal is inverted.
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Source
You use this menu option to select an
input source for a trigger signal. Video
triggering uses the same input sources
as Edge triggering.
Sync
For procedures using the TRIGGER controls, see Using
TRIGGER Controls starting on page 5-1.
You use this menu option to specify
whether triggering will happen on
Fields or Lines of a video signal.
Menu Function Controls
You use the menu function controls at the top of the front
panel to perform various functions, such as saving and
recalling setups and waveforms, taking automatic
waveform measurements, and modifying the acquisition
settings.
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The menu function controls consist of six menu-based
menu function buttons. When you push a menu function
button, the associated menu selection options are
activated on the oscilloscope screen. Figure 2.17 shows
the front panel menu function controls.
Figure 2.17: Menu function controls
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ACQUIRE Menu Function Controls
You use the ACQUIRE menu function controls to
regulate the signal acquisition and processing system.
You can use the ACQUIRE menu function controls to
select different types of acquisition modes for a signal.
To activate the ACQUIRE menu, push the ACQUIRE
(ACQ on a TDS224) menu button. Figure 2.18 shows
the menu-based options for the ACQUIRE menu
function controls. You can control each menu option by
pushing the side-screen button next to the option.
Figure 2.18: ACQUIRE menu
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Menu
Option
Description
Sample
Peak
detect
Average
Averages
You use this menu option to acquire
2500 sample points and display them
at the sec/div setting. The Sample
mode is the default mode for signal
acquisition.
You use this menu option to select the
Peak Detect mode for signal
acquisition.
You use this menu option to select the
Average mode to acquire signals by
taking the average of a number of
unique waveforms. Averaging allows
reduction of noise in the display.
You use this menu option to select the
number of waveforms to average for
displaying a waveform. You can
choose to take the average of 4, 16,
64, or 128 waveforms.
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For procedures using the ACQUIRE menu function
controls, see ACQUIRE Menu Function Controls starting
on page 6-2.
DISPLAY Menu Function Controls
You use the DISPLAY menu controls to select the
display characteristics for waveforms. You use the
DISPLAY menu to specify the display type, persistence,
display format, and display contrast.
To activate the DISPLAY menu, push the DISPLAY
menu button. Figure 2.19 shows the menu-based
options for the DISPLAY menu function controls. You
can control each menu option by pushing the sidescreen menu button next to the option.
Figure 2.19: DISPLAY menu
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Menu
Option
Description
Type
Persist
Format
You use this menu option to specify
whether the waveform will be displayed
in dots or vectors.
You use this menu option to specify the
duration for which each sample point is
displayed.
You use this menu option to specify
whether the waveform is displayed in
the YT format or in the XY format. The
YT format displays the changes in
voltage with relation to time. The XY
format displays CH1 and CH2 on the
horizontal and vertical axis,
respectively.
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Contrast
Increase
You use this menu option to increase
the display contrast.
Contrast
Decrease
You use this menu option to decrease
the display contrast.
For procedures using the DISPLAY menu function
controls, see DISPLAY Menu Function Controls starting
on page 6-15
CURSOR Menu Function Controls
You use the CURSOR menu function controls to make
parametric amplitude and time measurements on a
selected waveform.
To activate the CURSOR menu, push the CURSOR
menu button.
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Figure 2.20 shows the menu-based options for the
CURSOR menu function controls. You control each
menu option by pushing the side-screen button next to
the option.
Figure 2.20: CURSOR menu
2
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Menu
Option
Description
Type
Source
Delta
You use this menu option to specify
cursor measurements of Voltage
(signal amplitude) or Time.
You use this menu option to choose
different cursor signal sources, such as
CH1, CH2, MATH, Ref A, or Ref B, for
a displayed waveform on TDS210 and
TDS220 oscilloscopes. CH3, CH4,
RefC, and RefD are also available on a
TDS224 oscilloscope.
This menu option displays the
difference between the readings of two
cursors.
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Cursor 1
and
Cursor 2
Note: Cursor selections are not available for DISPLAY
Format XY.
For procedures using the CURSOR menu function
controls, see CURSOR Menu Function Controls starting
on page 6-24.
These menu options display the
voltage or time locations of Cursor 1
and Cursor 2. You reference time to
the trigger position and voltage to
ground.
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MEASURE Menu Function Controls
The MEASURE menu function controls allow you to take
pre-defined automated measurements of waveforms.
To activate the MEASURE menu, push the MEASURE
menu button. Figure 2.21 shows the menu-based
options for the MEASURE menu function controls for
Type. You can control each menu option by pushing the
side-screen button next to the option.
Figure 2.21: MEASURE menu for Type
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Menu
Option
Description
Source
You use this menu option to specify the
source of a waveform as CH1 or CH2
for TDS210 and TDS220
oscilloscopes. CH3 and CH4 are also
available on a TDS224 oscilloscope.
You can display up to four
measurements at a time.
Type
You use this menu option to specify the
type of measurement to be made for
each source selection. You can select
from nine types of measurements for
each of the four possible source
selections. For example, you can make
measurements of the frequency,
period, and rise time (available only
when a TDS2MM extension module is
installed) of a waveform.
For procedures using the MEASURE menu function
controls, see MEASURE Menu Function Controls
starting on page 6-36.
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SAVE/RECALL Menu Function Controls
You use the SAVE/RECALL (SAVE/RCL on the
TDS224 oscilloscope) menu function controls to save
and recall up to five oscilloscope setups or two
waveforms (four waveforms on the TDS224
oscilloscope). You can also use the SAVE/RECALL
menu function controls to recall the default factory
settings.
To activate the SAVE/RECALL menu, push the
SAVE/RECALL menu button. Figure 2.22 shows the
menu-based options for the SAVE/RECALL menu
function controls. You can control each menu option by
pushing the side-screen menu button next to the option.
Figure 2.22: SAVE/RECALL menu
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