Taylor-Wharton XL-55 User Manual

Instructions For

Instructions for

TW-287

XL-45, XL-50 and XL-55

XL-45, XL-50 and XL-55

with Dual Regulator

with Dual Regulator

Do not attempt to use or maintain this
unit until you read and understand these
instructions. Do not permit untrained
persons to use or maintain this unit. If
you do not fully understand these
instructions, contact your supplier for
further information.

CONTAINER
SAFETY

NOTE:
For detailed
information on the
handling of cryogenic
liquids, refer to the
Compressed Gas
Association
publication: P-12
“Safe Handling of
Cryogenic Liquids”
available from the
Compressed Gas
Association, Inc., 1235
Jefferson Davis
Highway , Arlington,
V A 22202.

Pressure Hazard - The containers covered by this literature may contain pressures up

to 230 psig (16 bar/1586 kPa.) Sudden release of this pressure may cause personal injury
by issuing cold gas or liquid, or by expelling parts during servicing. Do not attempt any
repairs on these containers until all pressure is released, and the contents have been
allowed to vaporize to ensure no pressure build-up can occur.

Extreme Cold – Cover Eyes and Exposed Skin – Accidental contact of the skin or
eyes with any cryogenic liquid or cold issuing gas may cause a freezing injury similar to
frostbite. Protect your eyes and cover your skin when handling the container or transfer­ring liquid, or in any instance where the possibility of contact with liquid, cold pipes, and
cold gas may exist. Safety goggles or a face shield should be worn when withdrawing
liquid or gas. Long-sleeved clothing and gloves that can be easily removed are recom­mended for skin protection. Cryogenic liquids are extremely cold and will be at tempera­tures below -300° F (-184°C) under normal atmospheric pressure.

Keep Equipment Well V entilated – Although some of the gases used in these contain­ers are non-toxic and non-flammable, they can cause asphyxiation in a confined area
without adequate ventilation. An atmosphere that does not contain enough oxygen for
breathing will cause dizziness, unconsciousness, or even death. These gases cannot be
detected by the human senses and will be inhaled normally as if they were air. Ensure
there is adequate ventilation where these gases are used and store liquid containers or
only in a well ventilated area.

Replacement Parts Must be “Cleaned for Oxygen Use” – Some materials, espe­cially non-metallic gaskets and seals, can be a combustion hazard if used in oxygen or
nitrous oxide service, although they may be acceptable for use with other cryogenic
liquids. Use only T aylor-Wharton recommended spare p arts, and be certain part s used on
oxygen or nitrous oxide are marked “cleaned for oxygen service.” For information on
cleaning, consult the Compressed Gas Association (CGA) pamphlet G-4.1, “Cleaning for
Oxygen Service” or equivalent industrial cleaning specifications.

GENERAL
INFORMATION

Install Relief Valves in Cryogenic Liquid Lines – When installing piping or fill hose
assembly, make cert ain a suitable safety relief valve is installed in each section of plumb­ing between shut off valves. Trapped liquefied gas will expand as it warms and may burst
hoses or piping causing damage or personal injury .

The XL-45, XL-50 and XL-55 are vacuum insulated, stainless steel containers designed to
store and transport cryogenic liquid oxygen, nitrogen or argon. Built to DOT 4L standards,
these containers may be used for over the road transportation of cryogenic fluids, as well
as on-site storage and supply in a wide range of applications.

As rugged, long holding time, self-contained gas supply systems, these cylinders are
capable of providing continuous flow rates of up to 350 cfh (9.2 cu.m/h) with a delivery
pressure of approximately 100 psig (6.9 bar/690 kPa).

SPECIFICATIONS

XL-45 XL-50 XL-55

Dimensions

Diameter 20 in. (508 mm) 20 in. (508 mm) 20 in. (508 mm)
Height 61 ½ in. (1562 mm) 64 5/8 in. (1641 mm) 69 7/8 in. (1764 mm)

Weight
Empty (Nominal) 255 lb. (1 16 kg) 270 lb. (122 kg) 270 lb. (122 kg)

Capacity, Gross 180 liters 193 liters 210 liters
Capacity, Usable Liquid 169 liters 181 liters 200 liters
Weight on Contents Max.

Based on DOT Rated Service Pressure

Oxygen 388 lb. (176 kg) 416 lb. (189 kg) 454 lb. (206 kg)
Nitrogen 273 lb. (124 kg) 293 lb. (133 kg) 319 lb. (145 kg)

Argon 471 lb. (214 kg) 505 lb. (229 kg) 551 lb. (250 kg)
Normal Evaporation Rate*
(% Capacity per Day)
Oxygen/Argon 1.2% 1.1% 1.1%
Nitrogen 1.9% 1.8% 1.7%

Gas Flow Rate @ NTP (STP**)
Oxygen, Nitrogen, Argon 350 cfh (9.2 cu.m/h) 350 cfh (9.2 cu.m/h) 350 cfh (9.2 cu.m/h)
Relief V alve Setting 230 psig 230 psig 230 psig

(16 bar/1586 kPa) (16 bar/1586 kPa) (16 bar/1586 kPa)

Inner Container Bursting Disc 380 psig 380 psig 380 psig

(26 bar/2620 kPa) (26 bar/2620 kPa) (26 bar/2620 kPa)

Dual Pressure Building/
Economizer Regulator***

Pressure Building Setting 125 psig 125 psig 125 psig

(8.6 bar/862 kPa) (8.6 bar/862 kPa) (8.6 bar/862 kPa)

Economizer Setting 145 psig 145 psig 145 psig

(10 bar/1000 kPa) (10 bar/1000 kPa) (10 bar/1000 kPa)

Design Specifications

TC 4LM 4LM 4LM

DOT 4L 4L 4L
Gaseous Capacity

Based on DOT Rated Service Pressure

@ NTP (STP)

Oxygen 4688 cu. ft (123 cu.m) 5025 cu.ft (132 cu.m) 5484 cu.ft.(144 cu.m)

Nitrogen 3771 cu. ft (99 cu.m) 4043 cu. ft(106 cu.m) 4402 cu. ft(116 cu.m)

Argon 4558 cu. ft(120 cu. m) 4884 cu. ft(128 cu. m) 5331 cu. ft(140 cu.m)

Specifications are subject to change without notice
* Vented N.E.R. based on Usable Liquid Capacity
** Container pressure at or above factory Dual Pressure Building/Economizer Regulator setting
*** Regulator has a pressure delta of 20 psig (1.4 bar/138 kPa)

XL-45, XL-50, XL-55
Containers

Handling the Container

The XL Series containers are very rugged liquid cylinders. All cryogenic liquid cylinders
have an inner container and an outer container with an insulated vacuum space between
them. Any abuse (dents, dropping, tip-over , etc.) can af fect the integrity of the containers
insulation system.

When fully loaded, the XL-55 in argon service will contain 551 lb. (250 kg) of product.
While moving a full container, you may be handling 821 lb. (372 kg) and you should treat
the load accordingly . The attachment points provided on the XL-45/50/55 will allow you to
use a hand truck or a hoist to handle these loads properly . Do not attempt to move these
cylinders by any other means. While moving the cylinder, the following precautions should
be observed.

q Never lay the cylinder on its side. Always ship, operate and store the unit in a vertical

or upright position.

q When loading or unloading the container from a truck, use a hand truck, lift gate, crane

or parallel loading dock. Never attempt to manually lift the unit.

q T o move the container over rough surfaces, or to lif t the container, att ach an appropri-

ated sling to the lifting points cut into the welded support posts, and use a portable

lifting device that will handle the weight of the container and its contents.

FREIGHT DAMAG E
PRECAUTIONS

ANY FREIGHT DAMAGE CLAIMS ARE
YOUR RESPONSIBILITY . Cryogenic
liquid containers are delivered to your
carrier from T aylor-Wharton’ s dock in new
condition. When you receive our product
you may expect it to be in that same
condition. For your own protection, take
time to visually inspect each shipment in
the presence of the carrier’s agent before
you accept delivery . If any damage is
observed, make an appropriate notation
on the freight bill. Then ask the driver to
sign the notation before you receive the
equipment. Y ou should decline to accept
containers that show damage which may
affect serviceability .

OPERATION

The XL-45 will store up to 169 liters of product, the XL-50 up to 181 liters and 200 liters
for the XL-55. All three cylinders can deliver either liquid or gas. The following compo­nent and circuit descriptions are pertinent to the operation of all the containers and
should be read before attempting operation. The components may be identified on the
Component Location Illustration.

XL-45/50/55
Component
Locations

Internal Vaporizer – A liquid container for gas service must have an internal heat ex­changer that functions as a gas vaporizer coil to convert liquid product to gas continu­ously during withdrawal. The XL-45/50/55 utilizes an internal heat exchanger that is inside
the vacuum space attached to the container’s outer casing. It provides a means of intro­ducing heat from outside the container’s insulated jacket, to vaporize liquid as gaseous
product is withdrawn. The capacity of this circuit is sufficient to vaporize liquid as gaseous
product is withdrawn. The capacity of this circuit is sufficient to vaporize product at flow
rates up to 350 cfh @ NTP (9.2 cu. m/h @ STP). If a greater continuous demand is put on
the vaporizer, an external vaporizer should be added to properly warm the gas and avoid
malfunction, or damage, to gas regulators, hoses, and other downstream components.

Pressure Building – A Pressure Building circuit is used to ensure sufficient driving pres­sure during high withdrawal periods. This function is actuated by opening a hand valve that
creates a path from the liquid in the bottom of the container , through the Pressure Building
Regulator, to the gas space in the top. When the pressure building valve is open, and the
container pressure is below the pressure building regulator setting, liquid taken from the

XL-45/XL-50-XL-55
Flow Diagram

inner container is vaporized in a heat exchanger which
is inside the outer casing. The expanding gas is fed into
the upper section of the container to build pressure. The
resulting pressure will drive either the liquid or gas deliv­ery system.

Pressure Building is not normally required unless con­tainer pressure drops below the gas output pressure de­sired. If, for example, the container pressure gauge reads
75 psig (5 bar/517 kPa), and your gas pressure re­quirement is 100 psig (6.9 bar/690 kPa), the pressure
building valve may be opened to build container pres­sure to 125 psig (8.6 bar/862 kPa).

Economizer – An economizer circuit withdraws gas pref­erentially from the head space over the liquid in the con­tainer – gas that would otherwise be lost to venting. Ex­cess pressure in the head space of the container is
relieved by allowing gas to flow from this area directly to
the USE valve outlet while gas is being withdrawn from
the container; yet normal operating pressure is preserved
to ensure uninterrupted product delivery. The econo­mizer is automatic and requires no operator attention.

The USE Valve - This valve controls the gas outlet that
allows product withdrawal through the internal vaporizer. It has the CGA connection that
matches the gas service for which the container is configured.

The LIQUID Valve – Liquid product is added or withdrawn from the container through
the connection controlled by this valve. It has the CGA fitting that is required for liquid
line connections. The valve is open for fill or liquid withdrawal after connecting a transfer
hose with compatible fittings to the LIQUID line connection.

NOTE:
The economizer and
pressure building
functions are
controlled by a single
dual action regulator.
The pressure delta
between the pressure
building setpoint and
the economizer
setpoint is
approximately 20 psig
(1.4 bar/138 kPa). This
delta cannot be
altered.

RELIEF VALVES AND RECOMMENDED REGULATOR SETTINGS

Relief Pressure Normal
Valve Building Economizer Operating

Setting Setting Setting Range

22 psig N/A N/ A 0-22 psig

1.5 bar N/A N/A 0-1.5 bar

152 kPa N/A N/A 0-152 kPa
230 psig 125 psig 145 psig 75-175 psig

16 bar 8.6 bar 10 bar 5-12 bar

1586 kPa 862 kPa 1000 kPa 517-1207 kPa

The PRESSURE BUILDING V alve – This valve isolates the liquid in the bottom of the

container to the Dual Pressure Building/Economizer Regulator. This valve must
be open to build pressure inside the container .

Pressure
Building Rates
Graph

CAUTION:
When withdrawing
gas from the cylinder,
the capacity of the
internal vaporizer can
be exceeded. If gas is
withdrawn at rates
greater than the
vaporizer capacity,
liquid or very cold gas
will be discharged.
Severe damage to
external equipment
could result from the
extreme cold.

The VENT Valve – This valve controls a line into the head space of the container. It is

used during the fill process. The VENT valve acts as a fill point during a pump transfer , or
to vent the head space area while liquid is filling the inner container during a pressure
transfer fill through the LIQUID valve.

The Pressure Gauge – The pressure gauge displays the internal container pressure in
pounds-per-square-inch or in kilo Pascals.

The Full View Contents Gauge – The container contents gauge is a float type liquid
level sensor that indicates container liquid through a magnetic coupling to a yellow indica­tor band. This gauge is an indication of approximate container contents only and should
not be used for filling; liquid cylinders should be filled by weight.

Relief Devices – These cylinders have a gas service relief valve and inner container
bursting disc with settings of 230 psig (16 bar/1586 kPa) and 380 psig (26 bar/2620 kPa)
respectively. A 22 psig (1.5 bar/152 kPa) relief valve is available for liquid delivery applica­tions.

WITHDRAWING GAS FROM THE CONTAINER

T o withdraw gas from the XL-45/50/55 connect a suitable pressure regulator to the USE
connection, and the output of the regulator to your external equipment. Then open the
USE and the PRESSURE BUILDING valves. When the container pressure reaches 125
psig (8.6 bar/862 kPa), set the pressure regulator for the desired delivery pressure.

Vaporizer
Performance
Graph

Increasing Gas Supply Capacity – T wo or more liquid cont ainers may be manifolded
together. Accessory manifolds are available for use in creating a higher capacity gas
supply system. The XL-45/50/55 can supply gas at flow rates 1 up to 350 cfh @ NTP (9.2
cu.m/h @ STP) using only its internal vaporizer . At low flow rates, the gas supplied will be
at near ambient temperature. As the flow demand is increased, the gas will become
proportionately colder. If greater vaporizing capacity is required, an accessory external
vaporizer is available. When an external vaporizer is used, it must be connected to the
USE valve and the regulator moved to the output of the external vaporizer.

WITHDRAWING LIQUID FROM THE CONTAINER

Attach a transfer hose to the LIQUID connection and open the adjacent LIQUID valve.
The pressure in the container will drive liquid product out through the valve as long as the
container pressure exceeds that of the receiver.

Liquid
Withdrawal

CAUTION:
To avoid
contamination, close
the LIQUID valve on
an empty container
before disconnecting
the transfer line.

The rate of liquid withdrawal from these contain­ers is variable depending on the gas phase and
the saturation temperature of the liquid.

FILLING THE CONTAINER

Cryogenic liquid containers must always be filled
by weight to ensure there is enough gas head
space (ullage) for liquid to expand as it warms.
Using the procedure below, first determine the
proper filled weight of each container. The weight
derived is then used in either the Pump Transfer
of Pressure Transfer filling procedures that fol­low.