The M41T94 Serial TIMEKEEPER® SRAM is a
low power, 512-bit stat ic CMO S SR AM or ganized
as 64 words by 8 bits. A built-i n 32,768H z osc illator (external crys tal con trolled) a nd 8 byte s of the
SRAM (see Table 4., page 14) are used for the
clock/calendar function and are configured in binary coded decimal (BCD) format.
An additional 12 bytes of RAM provide status/control of Alarm, Watchdog and Square Wave functions. Addresses and data are transfer red seria lly
via a serial SPI interface. The built-in address register is incremented automatically after each
WRITE or READ data byte. The M41T94 has a
built-in power sense circuit which detects power
failures and automatica lly switches to the battery
supply when a power fai lure occurs. The energy
needed to sustain the SRAM and clock operations
can be supplied by a small lithium button-cell supply when a power failure occurs. Function s available to the user include a non-volatile, time-of-day
clock/calendar, Alar m inte rrupts , Watch dog Time r
and programmable Square Wave output. Other
features include a Power-On Reset as well as two
additional debounced inputs (RSTIN1
RSTIN2
(RST
the century, year, month, date , day, hou r, minute,
second and tenths/hundre dths of a second in 24
hour BCD format. Corrections for 28, 29 (leap year
- valid until year 2100), 30 and 31 day months are
) which can also generate an output Reset
). The eight c lock address locati ons contain
and
made automatically. The ninth clock address location controls user ac cess to the cl ock information
and also stores the clock softwar e calibr ation setting.
The M41T94 is supplied in either a 16-lead plastic
SOIC (requiring user suppl ied crys tal and ba tter y)
or a 28-lead SOIC SNAPHAT
tegrates both crystal and battery in a single
SNAPHAT top). The 28-pin, 330mil SOIC provides
sockets with gold pl ate d co ntac ts a t b oth en ds fo r
direct connection to a separ ate SNAPHAT housing containing the battery and crystal. The unique
design allows the SNAPHAT bat tery/ crysta l package to be mounted on top of the SOIC package after the completion of the surface mount process.
Insertion of the SNAPHAT housing after reflow
prevents potential battery and crystal damage due
to the high temperature s required for device s urface-mounting. The SNAPHAT housing is also
keyed to prevent reverse insertion.
The SOIC and battery/crystal packages are
shipped separately in plastic anti-static tubes or in
Tape & Reel form. For the 28-lead SOIC, the battery/crystal package (e .g., SNAPHAT) part number is “M4TXX-BR12SH” (see Table
21., page 30).
Caution: Do not place the SNAPHAT battery/crystal top in conductive foam, as this will drain the lithium button-cell battery.
®
package (which in-
4/32
M41T94
Figure 3. Logic Diagram
V
V
CC
(1)
XI
(1)
XO
SCL
SDI
E
RSTIN1
RSTIN2
WDI
THS
M41T94
V
SS
BAT
(1)
RST
IRQ/FT/OUT
SQW
SDO
AI03683
Table 1. Signal Names
EChip Enable
/FT/OUT
IRQ
RST
RSTIN1
RSTIN2
SCLSerial Clock Input
SDISerial Data Input
SDOSerial Data Output
SQWSquare Wave Output
THSThreshold Select Pin
WDIWatchdog Input
SPI Interface with
(CPOL, CPHA)
('0','0') or ('1','1')
Master
(ST6, ST7, ST9,
ST10, Others)
CS3
Note: 1. CPOL (Clock Polarity) and CPHA (Clock Phase) are bits that may be set in the SPI Control Register of the MCU.
CS2
(1)
=
CS1
D
Q
C
CQD
M41T94
E
CQD
XXXXX
EE
CQD
XXXXX
AI03686
6/32
Table 2. Function Table
ModeESCLSDISDO
Disable ResetHInput DisabledInput DisabledHigh Z
M41T94
WRITELData Bit latchHigh Z
READLX
Note: 1. SDO remains at High Z until eight bits of data are ready to be shifted out during a READ.
AI04630
AI04631
Figure 8. Data and Clock Timing
CPOL
CPHA
0
1
0
1
C
C
SDI
SDO
MSB
MSB
Next data bit shift
LSB
LSB
AI04632
(1)
Signal Description
Serial Data Output (SDO). The output pin is
used to transfer data serially out of the Memory.
Data is shifted out on the falling edge of the serial
clock.
Serial Data Input (SDI). The input pin is used to
transfer data serially into the de vice. Instruction s,
addresses, and the data to be written, are each received this way. Input is latched on the rising edge
of the serial clock.
Serial Clock (SCL). The serial clock provides the
timing for the serial inter face (as shown in Figure
9., page 9 and Figure 10., page 9). The W/R Bit,
addresses, or data are latched, from the input pin,
on the rising edge of the clock input. The out put
data on the SDO pin changes state after the falling
edge of the clock input.
The M41T94 can be driven by a microcontroller
with its SPI peripheral runnin g in either of the two
following modes:
For these two modes, input data (SDI) is latched in
by the low-to-high transition of clock SCL, and output data (SDO) is shifted out on the high-to-low
transitio n of SC L (se e T abl e 2. , page 7 and Figure
8., page 7).
Chip Enable (E
). When E is high, the memory
device is deselect ed, and the SDO output pin is
held in its high impedance state.
After power-on, a high-to-low transition on E
is re-
quired prior to the start of any operation.
7/32
M41T94
OPERATION
The M41T94 clock operates as a slave devic e on
the SPI serial bu s. Each memory d evice is accessed by a simple serial interface that is SPI bus compatible. The bus signals ar e SCL, SDI and SDO
(see Table 1., page 5 and Figure 7., page 6). The
device is selected when the Chip Enable input (E
is held low. All instructions, addresses and data
are shifted serially in and out of the chip. The most
significant bit is presented first, with the data input
(SDI) sampled on the fir st r i si ng edg e o f t he cl oc k
(SCL) after the Chip Enable (E
bytes contained in the device can then be accessed sequentially in the following order:
20.Square Wave Register
21 - 64.User RAM
The M41T94 clock continually monitors V
out-of tolerance condition. Should V
, the device t erminat es an ac cess in pr ogress
V
PFD
and resets the device add ress counter. Inputs to
the device will not be recognized at this time to
prevent erroneous data from be ing written to the
device from a an out-of-tol erance system. When
V
falls below VSO, the device automatically
CC
switches over to the battery and powers down into
an ultra low current mode of operation to conserve
battery life. As system power ret ur ns and V
es above V
, the battery is disconnected, and the
SO
power supply is switched to external V
) goes low. The 64
for an
CC
fall below
CC
ris-
CC
.
CC
Write protection continues until V
V
(min) plus t
PFD
(min). Fo r more inform ation
REC
on Battery Storage Life r efer to Application Note
AN1012.
SPI Bus Characteristics
)
The Serial Peripheral interface (SPI) bus is intended for synchronous communication between different ICs. It consists of four signal lines: Serial
Data Input (SDI), Serial Data Output (SDO), Serial
Clock (SCL) and a Chip Enable (E
).
By definition a dev ic e tha t gi v es out a message is
called “transmitter,” the receiving device th at gets
the message is call ed “receiver.” The de vice that
controls the messag e is called “master. ” The devices that are controlled by the master are called
“slaves.”
The E
input is used to initiate and terminate a data
transfer. The SCL input is used to synchronize
data transfer between the maste r (micro) and the
slave (M41T94) devices.
The SCL input, which is gen erated by the microcontroller, is ac tive only during address and data
transfer to any de vice on the S PI bu s ( see Figure
7., page 6).
The M41T94 can be driven by a microcontroller
with its SPI peripheral runnin g in either of the two
following modes:
For these two modes, input data (SDI) is latched in
by the low-to-high transition of clock SCL, and output data (SDO) is shifted out on the high-to-low
transitio n of SC L (se e T abl e 2. , page 7 and Figure
8., page 7).
There is one clock for each bit transferred. Address and data bits are transferred in groups of
eight bits. Due to memory si ze the second most
significant address bit is a Don’t Care (address bit
6).
reaches
CC
8/32
Figure 9. Input Timing Requirements
E
tELCH
SCL
tDVCH
tCHDX
tCHEH
tCLCH
M41T94
tEHEL
tEHCH
tCHCL
SDI
SDO
MSB IN
HIGH IMPEDANCE
Figure 10. Output Timing Requirements
E
SCL
tCLQV
tCLQX
SDO
ADDR. LSB IN
SDI
MSB OUT
tDLDH
tDHDL
tCH
LSB IN
tCL
tQLQH
tQHQL
AI04633
tEHQZ
LSB OUT
AI04634
9/32
M41T94
Table 3. AC Characteristics
Symbol
f
SCL
(2)
t
CH
(3)
t
CHCL
t
CHDX
t
CHEH
(2)
t
CL
(3)
t
CLCH
t
CLQV
t
CLQX
(3)
t
DHDL
(3)
t
DLDH
t
DVCH
t
EHCH
t
EHEL
(3)
t
EHQZ
t
ELCH
(3)
t
QHQL
(3)
t
QLQH
Note: 1. Valid for Ambient Operating Temperature: TA = –40 to 85°C; VCC = 2.7 to 5.5V (except where not ed).
2. t
CH
3. Value guaranteed by design, not 100% tested in production.
Serial Clock Input FrequencyDC2MHz
Clock High200ns
Clock Transition (Fall Time)1µs
Serial Clock Input High to Input Data Transition50ns
Serial Clock Input High to Chip Enable High200ns
Clock Low200ns
Clock Transition (Rise Time)1µs
Serial Clock Input Low to Ou tpu t Valid 150ns
Serial Clock Input Low to Output Data Transition0ns
Input Data Transition (Fall Time)1µs
Input Data Transition (Rise Time)1µs
Input Data to Serial Clock Input High40ns
Chip Enable High to Serial Clock Input High200ns
Chip Enable High to Chip Enable Low200ns
Chip Enable High to Output High-Z250ns
Chip Enable Low to Serial Clock Input High200ns
Output Data Transition (Fall Time)100ns
Output Data Transition (Rise Time)100ns
+ tCL ≥ 1/f
SCL
Parameter
(1)
MinMaxUnit
10/32
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