The radio part is realizes the conversion of the GMSK-HF-signals from the antenna to the
baseband and vice versa.
In the receiving direction, the signals are split in the I- and Q-component and led to the D/Aconverter of the logic part. In the transmission direction, the GMSK-signal is generated in an
Up Conversion Modulation Phase Locked Loop by modulation of the I- and Q-signals which
were generated in the logic part. After that the signals are amplified in the power amplifier.
Transmitter and Receiver are never active at the same time. Simultaneous receiving in the
EGSM900 and GSM1800 band is impossible. Simultaneous transmission in the EGSM900
and GSM1800 band is impossible, too. However the monitoring band (monitoring timeslot)
in the TDMA-frame can be chosen independently of the receiving respectively the
transmitting band (RX- and TX timeslot of the band).
The RF-part is dimensioned for triple band operation (EGSM900, DCS1800, PCS19000).
The RF-circuit consists of the following components:
• Hitachi Bright 6E chip set (HD155165BP) with the following functionality:
o PLL for local oscillator LO1 and LO2 and TxVCO
o Integrated local oscillators LO1, LO2
o Integrated TxVCO
o Direct conversion receiver including LNA, DC-mixer, channel filtering and
PGC-amplifier
o 26 MHz reference oscillator
• RF 3166 Transmitter power amplifier with integrated power control circuitry
• GSM Quad Band Antenna Switch Module with Dual low-pass filters CXG1180EQ
• Quartz and passive circuitry of the 26MHz VCXO reference oscillator
Technical Documentation
TD_Repair_L3_Theory of Operation_S88_R1.0.pdf Page 9 of 54
The first local oscillator (LO1) consists of a PLL and VCO inside Bright VI E and an internal
loop filter
6.2.2 RF-PLL
The frequency-step is 400 kHz in DCS1800/PCS1900 mode and 800kHz in
GSM850/EGSM900 mode due to the internal divider by two for DCS1800/PCS1900 and
divider by four for GSM850/EGSM900. To achieve the required settling-time in GPRS
operation, the PLL can operate in fast-lock mode a certain period after programming to
ensure a fast settling. After this the loop filter and current are switched into normal mode to
get the necessary phase noise performance. The PLL is controlled via the tree-wire-bus
(SDI
G2.H11
, SCLK
G2.J14
and SEN
G2.J12
) of Bright VI E.
6.2.3 RF VCO (LO1)
The first local oscillator is needed to generate frequencies which enable the transceiver IC
to demodulate the receiver signal and to perform the channel selection in the TX part. The
full oscillation range is divided into 256 sub-bands. To do so, a control voltage for the LO1 is
used, gained by a comparator. This control voltage is a result of the comparison of the
divided LO1 and the 26MHz reference Signal. The division ratio of the dividers is
programmed by the G2, according to the network channel requirements.
6.2.4 Second local oscillator (640~656MHz)
The second local oscillator (LO2) consists of a PLL and VCO inside Bright (IC201) and an
internal loop filter. Due to the direct conversion receiver architecture, the LO2 is only used
for transmit-operation. The LO2 covers a frequency range of at least 16 MHz (640MHz –
656MHz).
Before the LO2-signal gets to the modulator it is divided by 8. So the resulting TX-IF
frequencies are 80/82 MHz (dependent on the channel and band). The LO2 PLL and powerup of the VCO is controlled via the tree-wire-bus of Bright (G2 signals SDI
G2.J14
compared by the phase detector of the 2
and SEN
G2.J12
). To ensure the frequency stability, the 640MHz VCO signal is
nd
PLL with the 26 MHz reference signal. The
G2.H11
, SCLK
resulting control signal passes the external loop filter and is used to control the 640/656MHz
VCO.
Technical Documentation
TD_Repair_L3_Theory of Operation_S88_R1.0.pdf Page 11 of 54
The filters are centred to the band frequencies. The symmetrical filter output is matched to
the LNA input of the Bright .The Bright 6E incorporates three RF LNAs for
GSM850/EGSM900, GSM1800 and GSM1900 operation. The LNA/mixer can be switched
in High- and Low-mode to perform an amplification of ~ 20dB. For the “High Gain“ state the
mixers are optimised to conversion gain and noise figure, in the “Low Gain“ state the mixers
are optimised to large-signal behaviour for operation at a high input level. The Bright
performs a direct conversion mixer, which are IQ-demodulators. For the demodulation of the
received GSM signals the LO1 is required. The channel depending LO1 frequencies for
1800MHz/1900MHz bands are divided by 2 and by 4 for 850MHG/900MHz band.
Furthermore the IC includes a programmable gain baseband amplifier PGA (90 dB range,
2dB steps) with automatic DC-offset calibration. LNA and PGA are controlled via G2 (SDI
G2.H11
, SCLK
G2.J14
and SEN
G2.J12
). The channel-filtering is realized inside the chip with
a three stage baseband filter for both IQ chains. The IQ receive signals are fed into the A/D
converters in the IOTA(BIN
IOTA.D10
, BIP
IOTA.D9
BQP
IOTA.C10
, BQN
IOTA.C9
).
6.2.6 Transmitter
Transmitter: Modulator and Up-conversion Loop
The generation of the GMSK-modulated signal in Bright is based on the principle of up
conversion modulation phase locked loop. The incoming IQ-signals from the baseband are
mixed with the divided LO2-signal. The modulator is followed by a lowpass filter (corner
frequency ~80 MHz) which is necessary to attenuate RF harmonics generated by the
modulator. A similar filter is used in the feedback-path of the down conversion mixer.
With help of an offset PLL the IF-signal becomes the modulated signal at the final transmit
frequency. Therefore the GMSK modulated RF-signal at the output of the TX-VCOs is
mixed with the divided LO1-signal to a IF-signal and sent to the phase detector. The I/Q
modulated signal with a centre frequency of the intermediate frequency is send to the phase
detector as well.
The output signal of the phase detector controls the TxVCO and is processed by a loop filter
whose component C619 is external to the Bright. The TxVCO which is realized inside the
Bright chip generates the GSMK modulated frequency.
Technical Documentation
TD_Repair_L3_Theory of Operation_S88_R1.0.pdf Page 12 of 54
Internal/External <> Receiver/Transmitter
The S88 mobile have two antenna switches.
a) The mechanical antenna switch SW1 for the differentiation between the internal and
external antenna.
b) The electrical antenna switch TRS201, for the differentiation between the receiving
and transmitting signals.
To activate the correct tx pathes of this diplexer, the G2 signals TRSVC1
G2.L12
and TRSVC3
G2.L13
to RX path
are required.
G2.M14
, TRSVC2
Technical Documentation
TD_Repair_L3_Theory of Operation_S88_R1.0.pdf Page 14 of 54
6.4 RF Micro Devices transmitter power amplifier RF3166
The RF3166 is a quad-band GSM850, EGSM900, DCS1800, and PCS1900 power amplifier
module that incorporates an indirect closed loop method of power control. The indirect
closed loop is driven directly from the output of the Bright chipset GSMPA
DCSPA
IC201.J4
.
.
IC201.J5
and
Technical Documentation
TD_Repair_L3_Theory of Operation_S88_R1.0.pdf Page 15 of 54
S88 utilizes TI chipsets (CALYPSO and IOTA) and RENESAS chipset (SHJ2) as base-band
solution. Base-band is composed with three parts: Logic, Analog/Codec and MMP.
CALYPSO is a GSM/GPRS digital base-band logic solution included microprocessor, DSP,
and peripherals. IOTA is a combination of analog/codec solution and power management
which contain base-band codec, voice-band codec, several voltage regulators and SIM level
shifter etc. SHJ2 is a multimedia solution included microprocessor, DSP, internal memory,
and interrupt controller. In addition, S88 integrates with other features such as LED
backlight, OLED display, CMOS DSC module, Micro-SD card, vibration, melody and
charging etc.
7.1 S88 Logic Block Diagram
Technical Documentation
TD_Repair_L3_Theory of Operation_S88_R1.0.pdf Page 16 of 54