Samsung K4R441869AN-CK7, K4R441869AN-CG6, K4R441869AM-CK8, K4R441869AM-CK7, K4R441869AM-CG6 Datasheet

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Page -1
K4R271669A/K4R441869A Direct RDRAM
Rev. 1.02 Jan. 2000
128/144Mbit RDRAM
256K x 16/18 bit x 2*16 Dependent Banks
Direct RDRAM
Revision 1.02 January 2000
Page 0
K4R271669A/K4R441869A Direct RDRAM
Rev. 1.02 Jan. 2000
Revision History
Version 1.0 (July 1999) - Preliminary
- Based on the Rambus Datasheet 1.0 ver.
Version 1.01 (October 1999) On page 1
- Delete the part numbers of low power
On page 32
- Add the data of CNFGA Register @ Figure 28
On page 33
- Add the data of CNFGB Register @ Figure 29 and correct the CORG4..0 field of CNFGB register
On page 44
- Add the Tj value from TBD to Max. 100°C @ Table 18 On page 46
- Add the ΘJC value from TBD to 0.2°C/Watt @ Table 20 On page 55
- Add the current values for 356MHz and 300MHz RDRAM device
Version 1.02 (January 2000)
* Change the part number of RDRAM Component according to New Code System since ’00.Jan.1st
On page 45
- Reduce swing of V
IH,CMOS
& V
IL,CMOS
from “0.5V
CMOS
±0.6V to 0.5V
CMOS
±
0.4V
- Relax tS1 from 1.0ns to 1.25ns( But, Keep tH1 as 1.0ns)
Page 1
K4R271669A/K4R441869A Direct RDRAM
Rev. 1.02 Jan. 2000
Overview
The Rambus Direct RDRAM is a general purpose high­performance memory device suitable for use in a broad range of applications including computer memory, graphics, video, and any other application where high bandwidth and low latency are required.
The 128/144Mbit Direct Rambus DRAMs (RDRAM) are extremely high-speed CMOS DRAMs organized as 8M words by 16 or 18 bits. The use of Rambus Signaling Level (RSL) technology permits 600MHz to 800MHz transfer rates while using conventional system and board design technologies. Direct RDRAM devices are capable of sustained data transfers at 1.25 ns per two bytes (10ns per sixteen bytes).
The architecture of the Direct RDRAMs allows the highest sustained bandwidth for multiple, simultaneous randomly addressed memory transactions. The separate control and data buses with independent row and column control yield over 95% bus efficiency. The Direct RDRAM's thirty-two banks support up to four simultaneous transactions.
System oriented features for mobile, graphics and large memory systems include power management, byte masking, and x18 organization. The two data bits in the x18 organiza­tion are general and can be used for additional storage and bandwidth or for error correction.
Features
Highest sustained bandwidth per DRAM device
- 1.6GB/s sustained data transfer rate
- Separate control and data buses for maximized efficiency
- Separate row and column control buses for easy scheduling and highest performance
- 32 banks: four transactions can take place simul­taneously at full bandwidth data rates
Low latency features
- Write buffer to reduce read latency
- 3 precharge mechanisms for controller flexibility
- Interleaved transactions
Advanced power management:
- Direct RDRAM operates from a 2.5 volt supply
- Multiple low power states allows flexibility in power
consumption versus time to transition to active state
- Power-down self-refresh
Organization: 1Kbyte pages and 32 banks, x 16/18
- x18 organization allows ECC configurations or increased storage/bandwidth
- x16 organization for low cost applications
Uses Rambus Signaling Level (RSL) for up to 800MHz
operation
The 128/144Mbit Direct RDRAMs are offered in a CSP horizontal package suitable for desktop as well as low­profile add-in card and mobile applications.
Key Timing Parameters/Part Numbers
a.The “32s"designation indicates that this RDRAM core is composed of 32 banks which use a "split" bank architecture.
b.The “N“ designator indicates the normal package and the “M“ indicates the mirrored package.
c.The “C“ designator indicates that this RDRAM core uses Normal Power Self Refresh.
Figure 1: Direct RDRAM CSP Package
Organization
Speed
Part Number
Bin
I/O Freq. MHz
t
RAC
(Row
Access
Time) ns
256Kx16x32sa-CG6 600 53.3
K4R271669A-Nb(M)CcG6
-CK7 711 45
K4R271669A-N(M)CK7
-CK8 800 45
K4R271669A-N(M)CK8
256Kx18x32s -CG6 600 53.3
K4R441869A-N(M)CG6
-CK7 711 45
K4R441869A-N(M)CK7
-CK8 800 45
K4R441869A-N(M)CK8
a. Normal Package b. Mirrored Package
K4Rxxxx69A-Nxxx
SAMSUNG 001
M
K4Rxxxx69A-Mxxx
SAMSUNG 001
Page 2
K4R271669A/K4R441869A Direct RDRAM
Rev. 1.02 Jan. 2000
Pinouts and Definitions
Normal Package
This table shows the pin assignments of the normal RDRAM package.
Mirrored Package
This table shows the pin assignments of the mirrored RDRAM package.
Table 1 : a. Center-Bonded Device(Top View For Normal Package)
12
GND VDD VDD GND
11 10
DQA7 DQA4 CFM CFMN RQ5 RQ3 DQB0 DQB4 DQB7
9
GND VDD GND GNDa VDD GND VDD VDD GND
8
CMD DQA5 DQA2 VDDa RQ6 RQ2 DQB1 DQB5 SIO1
7 6 5
SCK DQA6 DQA1 VREF RQ7 RQ1 DQB2 DQB6 SIO0
4
VCMOS GND VDD GND GND VDD GND GND VCMOS
3
DQA8*DQA3 DQA0 CTMN CTM RQ4 RQ0 DQB3 DQB8
*
2 1
GND VDD VDD GND
A B C D E F G H J
Table 2: a.Center-Bonded Device(Top View For Mirrored Package)
12
GND VDD VDD GND
11 10
DQA8*DQA3 DQA0 CTMN CTM RQ4 RQ0 DQB3 DQB8
*
9
VCMOS GND VDD GND GND VDD GND GND VCMOS
8
SCK DQA6 DQA1 VREF RQ7 RQ1 DQB2 DQB6 SIO0
7 6 5
CMD DQA5 DQA2 VDDa RQ6 RQ2 DQB1 DQB5 SIO1
4
GND VDD GND GNDa VDD GND VDD VDD GND
3
DQA7 DQA4 CFM CFMN RQ5 RQ3 DQB0 DQB4 DQB7
2 1
GND VDD VDD GND
A B C D E F G H J
For mirrored package, pin #1(ROW 1, COL A) is located at the A1 postion on the top side and the A1 position is marked by the alphabet M.
Chip
Top View
* DQA8/DQB8 are just used for 144Mb RDRAM. These two pins are NC(No Connection) in 128Mb RDRAM.
b. Top marking example of normal package
b. Top marking example of mirrored package
COL
ROW
COL
ROW
For normal package, pin #1(ROW 1, COL A) is located at the A1 position on the top side and the A1 position is marked by the marker .
K4Rxxxx69A-Nxxx
SAMSUNG 001
M
K4R
xxxx
69A-M
xxx
SAMSUNG 001
Page 3
K4R271669A/K4R441869A Direct RDRAM
Rev. 1.02 Jan. 2000
Table 3: Pin Description
Signal I/O Type # of Pins Description
SIO1,SIO0 I/O CMOS
a
2 Serial input/output. Pins for reading from and writing to the control
registers using a serial access protocol. Also used for power man­agement.
CMD I CMOS
a
1 Command input. Pins used in conjunction with SIO0 and SIO1 for
reading from and writing to the control registers. Also used for power management.
SCK I CMOS
a
1 Serial clock input. Clock source used for reading from and writing to
the control registers
V
DD
10 Supply voltage for the RDRAM core and interface logic.
V
DDa
1 Supply voltage for the RDRAM analog circuitry.
V
CMOS
2 Supply voltage for CMOS input/output pins. GND 13 Ground reference for RDRAM core and interface. GNDa 1 Ground reference for RDRAM analog circuitry. DQA8..DQA0 I/O RSL
b
9 Data byte A. Nine pins which carry a byte of read or write data
between the Channel and the RDRAM. DQA8 is not used by RDRAMs with a x16 organization.
CFM I RSL
b
1 Clock from master. Interface clock used for receiving RSL signals
from the Channel. Positive polarity.
CFMN I RSL
b
1 Clock from master. Interface clock used for receiving RSL signals
from the Channel. Negative polarity
V
REF
1 Logic threshold reference voltage for RSL signals CTMN I RSL
b
1 Clock to master. Interface clock used for transmitting RSL signals
to the Channel. Negative polarity.
CTM I RSL
b
1 Clock to master. Interface clock used for transmitting RSL signals
to the Channel. Positive polarity.
RQ7..RQ5 or ROW2..ROW0
I RSL
b
3 Row access control. Three pins containing control and address
information for row accesses.
RQ4..RQ0 or COL4..COL0
I RSL
b
5 Column access control. Five pins containing control and address
information for column accesses.
DQB8.. DQB0
I/O RSL
b
9 Data byte B. Nine pins which carry a byte of read or write data
between the Channel and the RDRAM. DQB8 is not used by RDRAMs with a x16 organization.
Total pin count per package 62
a. All CMOS signals are high-true; a high voltage is a logic one and a low voltage is logic zero. b. All RSL signals are low-true; a low voltage is a logic one and a high voltage is logic zero.
Page 4
K4R271669A/K4R441869A Direct RDRAM
Rev. 1.02 Jan. 2000
Figure 2: 128/144 Mbit Direct RDRAM Block Diagram
Bank 31
DQA8..
DQA0
1:8 Demux8:1 Mux
Write Buffer
1:8 Demux
Write Buffer
8:1 Mux
Bank 30
Bank 29
Bank 18
Bank 17
Bank 16
Bank 15
Bank 14
Bank 13
Bank 1
Bank 0
SAmp
1/2
DQB8..DQB0
9
1:8 Demux
1:8 Demux
Packet Decode
95
3
ROW2..ROW0 COL4..COL0CTM CTMN CFM CFMN
2
SCK,CMD
RCLKTCLK
Control Registers
DCCOP CBC MAMBDXXOP BXDR RROP BR
886555556
95511
AV M S
Write
Buffer
MatchMatch
Mux
Match
DEVID
512x64x144
Internal DQB Data Path
Column Decode & Mask
72
9
9
72
9
DM
REFR
Row Decode
Mux
ACT
RD, WR
Power Modes
DRAM Core
Mux
XOP Decode
PREX
PREC
9 99
9
72
9
9 9
PRER
COLX COLC COLM
2
SIO0,SIO1
Sense Amp
Internal DQA Data Path
Packet Decode
ROWA
ROWR
RCLK RCLK
RCLKTCLK
RCLK TCLK
RQ7..RQ5 or
RQ4..RQ0 or
SAmp
0/1
SAmp
0
SAmp
14/15
SAmp
15
SAmp
13/14
SAmp
16/17
SAmp
17/18
SAmp
16
SAmp
29/30
SAmp
30/31
SAmp
31
32x72
SAmp
1/2
72
SAmp
0/1
SAmp
0
SAmp
14/15
SAmp
15
SAmp
13/14
SAmp
16/17
SAmp
17/18
SAmp
16
SAmp
29/30
SAmp
30/31
SAmp
31
32x72
32x72
Bank 2
•••
•••
•••
•••
•••
•••
Page 5
Direct RDRAM
K4R271669A/K4R441869A
Rev. 1.02 Jan. 2000
General Description
Figure2 is a block diagram of the 128/144 Mbit Direct RDRAM. It consists of two major blocks: acore block built from banks and sense amps similar to those found in other types of DRAM, and a Direct Rambus interface block which permits an external controller to access this core at up to 1.6GB/s.
Control Registers: The CMD, SCK, SIO0, and SIO1
pins appear in the upper center of Figure2. They are used to write and read a block of control registers. These registers supply the RDRAM configuration information to a controller and they select the operating modes of the device. The nine bit REFR value is used for tracking the last refreshed row. Most importantly, the five bit DEVID speci­fies the device address of the RDRAM on the Channel.
Clocking: The CTM and CTMN pins (Clock-To-Master)
generate TCLK (Transmit Clock), the internal clock used to transmit read data. The CFM and CFMN pins (Clock-From­Master) generate RCLK (Receive Clock), the internal clock signal used to receive write data and to receive the ROW and COL pins.
DQA,DQB Pins: These 18 pins carry read (Q) and write
(D) data across the Channel. They are multiplexed/de-multi­plexed from/to two 72-bit data paths (running at one-eighth the data frequency) inside the RDRAM.
Banks: The 16Mbyte core of the RDRAM is divided into
32 0.5Mbyte banks, each organized as 512 rows, with each row containing 64 dualocts, and each dualoct containing 16 bytes. A dualoct is the smallest unit of data that can be addressed.
Sense Amps: The RDRAM contains 34 sense amps. Each
sense amp consists of 512 bytes of fast storage (256 for DQA and 256 for DQB) and can hold one-half of one row of one bank of the RDRAM. The sense amp may hold any of the 512 half-rows of an associated bank. However, each sense amp is shared between two adjacent banks of the RDRAM (except for numbers 0, 15, 30, and 31). This intro­duces the restriction that adjacent banks may not be simulta­neously accessed.
RQ Pins: These pins carry control and address informa-
tion. They are broken into two groups. RQ7..RQ5 are also called ROW2..ROW0, and are used primarily for controlling row accesses. RQ4..RQ0 are also called COL4..COL0, and are used primarily for controlling column accesses.
ROW Pins: The principle use of these three pins is to
manage the transfer of data between the banks and the sense amps of the RDRAM. These pins are de-multiplexed into a
24-bit ROWA (row-activate) or ROWR (row-operation) packet.
COL Pins: The principle use of these five pins is to
manage the transfer of data between the DQA/DQB pins and the sense amps of the RDRAM. These pins are de-multi­plexed into a 23-bit COLC (column-operation) packet and either a 17-bit COLM (mask) packet or a 17-bit COLX (extended-operation) packet.
ACT Command: An ACT (activate) command from an
ROWA packet causes one of the 512 rows of the selected bank to be loaded to its associated sense amps (two 256 byte sense amps for DQA and two for DQB).
PRER Command: A PRER (precharge) command from
an ROWR packet causes the selected bank to release its two associated sense amps, permitting a different row in that bank to be activated, or permitting adjacent banks to be acti­vated.
RD Command: The RD (read) command causes one of
the 64 dualocts of one of the sense amps to be transmitted on the DQA/DQB pins of the Channel.
WR Command: The WR (write) command causes a
dualoct received from the DQA/DQB data pins of the Channel to be loaded into the write buffer. There is also space in the write buffer for the BC bank address and C column address information. The data in the write buffer is automatically retired (written with optional bytemask) to one of the 64 dualocts of one of the sense amps during a subse­quent COP command. A retire can take place during a RD, WR, or NOCOP to another device, or during a WR or NOCOP to the same device. The write buffer will not retire during a RD to the same device. The write buffer reduces the delay needed for the internal DQA/DQB data path turn­around.
PREC Precharge: The PREC, RDA and WRA
commands are similar to NOCOP, RD and WR, except that a precharge operation is performed at the end of the column operation. These commands provide a second mechanism for performing precharge.
PREX Precharge: After a RD command, or after a WR
command with no byte masking (M=0), a COLX packet may be used to specify an extended operation (XOP). The most important XOP command is PREX. This command provides a third mechanism for performing precharge.
Page 6
Direct RDRAM
Rev. 1.02 Jan. 2000
K4R271669A/K4R441869A
Packet Format
Figure3 shows the formats of the ROWA and ROWR packets on the ROW pins. Table4 describes the fields which comprise these packets. DR4T and DR4F bits are encoded to contain both the DR4 device address bit and a framing bit which allows the ROWA or ROWR packet to be recognized by the RDRAM.
The AV (ROWA/ROWR packet selection) bit distinguishes between the two packet types. Both the ROWA and ROWR packet provide a five bit device address and a five bit bank address. An ROWA packet uses the remaining bits to specify a nine bit row address, and the ROWR packet uses the remaining bits for an eleven bit opcode field. Note the use of theRsvX notation to reserve bits for future address field extension.
Figure3 also shows the formats of the COLC, COLM, and COLX packets on the COL pins. Table5 describes the fields which comprise these packets.
The COLC packet uses the S (Start) bit for framing. A COLM or COLX packet is aligned with this COLC packet, and is also framed by the S bit.
The 23 bit COLC packet has a five bit device address, a five bit bank address, a six bit column address, and a four bit opcode. The COLC packet specifies a read or write command, as well as some power management commands.
The remaining 17 bits are interpreted as a COLM (M=1) or COLX (M=0) packet. A COLM packet is used for a COLC write command which needs bytemask control. The COLM packet is associated with the COLC packet from a time t
RTR
earlier. An COLX packet may be used to specify an indepen­dent precharge command. It contains a five bit device address, a five bit bank address, and a five bit opcode. The COLX packet may also be used to specify some house­keeping and power management commands. The COLX packet is framed within a COLC packet but is not otherwise associated with any other packet.
Table 4: Field Description for ROWA Packet and ROWR Packet
Field Description
DR4T,DR4F Bits for framing (recognizing) a ROWA or ROWR packet. Also encodes highest device address bit. DR3..DR0 Device address for ROWA or ROWR packet. BR4..BR0 Bank address for ROWA or ROWR packet. RsvB denotes bits ignored by the RDRAM. AV Selects between ROWA packet (AV=1) and ROWR packet (AV=0). R8..R0 Row address for ROWA packet. RsvR denotes bits ignored by the RDRAM. ROP10..ROP0 Opcode field for ROWR packet. Specifies precharge, refresh, and power management functions.
Table 5: Field Description for COLC Packet, COLM Packet, and COLX Packet
Field Description
S Bit for framing (recognizing) a COLC packet, and indirectly for framing COLM and COLX packets. DC4..DC0 Device address for COLC packet. BC4..BC0 Bank address for COLC packet. RsvB denotes bits reserved for future extension (controller drives 0’s). C5..C0 Column address for COLC packet. RsvC denotes bits ignored by the RDRAM. COP3..COP0 Opcode field for COLC packet. Specifies read, write, precharge, and power management functions. M Selects between COLM packet (M=1) and COLX packet (M=0). MA7..MA0 Bytemask write control bits. 1=write, 0=no-write. MA0 controls the earliest byte on DQA8..0. MB7..MB0 Bytemask write control bits. 1=write, 0=no-write. MB0 controls the earliest byte on DQB8..0. DX4..DX0 Device address for COLX packet. BX4..BX0 Bank address for COLX packet. RsvB denotes bits reserved for future extension (controller drives 0’s). XOP4..XOP0 Opcode field for COLX packet. Specifies precharge, IOL control, and power management functions.
Page 7
Direct RDRAM
K4R271669A/K4R441869A
Rev. 1.02 Jan. 2000
Figure 3: Packet Formats
CTM/CFM
COL4
COL3
COL2
COL1
COL0
T
8
T
9
T
10
T
11
T
12
T
13
T
14
T
15
T
8
T
9
T
10
T
11
T
0
T
1
T
2
T
3
T
0
T
1
T
2
T
3
S=1aMA7 MA5 MA3 MA1
M=1 MA6 MA4 MA2 MA0
MB7 MB4 MB1
MB6 MB3 MB0
MB5 MB2
R2
CTM/CFM
ROW2 DR4T
DR2 BR0 BR3 RsvR R8 R5
ROW1
DR4F
DR1 BR1 BR4 RsvR R7 R4 R1
ROW0 DR3
DR0 BR2 RsvB AV=1 R6 R3 R0
ACT a0
PREX d0MSK (b1)
PRER c0
WR b1
C4
CTM/CFM
COL4
DC4
S=1 RsvC
COL3
DC3
C5 C3
COL2
DC2
COP1 RsvB BC2 C2
DC1
COP0 BC4 BC1 C1
DC0
COP2 COP3 BC3 BC0 C0
COL1
COL0
CTM/CFM
ROW2
ROW1
ROW0
CTM/CFM
COL4
COL3
COL2
COL1
COL0
ROP2
DR4T
DR2 BR0 BR3 ROP10 ROP8 ROP5
DR4F
DR1 BR1 BR4 ROP9 ROP7 ROP4 ROP1
DR3
DR0 BR2 RsvB AV=0 ROP6ROP3 ROP0
S=1bDX4 XOP4 RsvB BX1
M=0 DX3 XOP3 BX4 BX0
DX2 XOP2 BX3
DX1 XOP1 BX2
DX0 XOP0
T
0
T
4
T
8
T
12
T
1
T
5
T
9
T
13
T
2
T
6
T
10
T
14
T
3
T
7
T
11
T
15
ROWA Packet
COLM Packet
COLC Packet
COLX Packet
ROWR Packet
CTM/CFM
DQA8..0
DQB8..0
COL4
..COL0
ROW2
..ROW0
t
PACKET
a
The COLM is associated with a
previous COLC, and is aligned with the present COLC, indicated by the Start bit (S=1) position.
b
The COLX is aligned with the present COLC, indicated by the Start bit (S=1) position.
Page 8
Direct RDRAM
Rev. 1.02 Jan. 2000
K4R271669A/K4R441869A
Field Encoding Summary
Table6 shows how the six device address bits are decoded for the ROWA and ROWR packets. The DR4T and DR4F encoding merges a fifth device bit with a framing bit. When neither bit is asserted, the device is not selected. Note that a
broadcast operation is indicated when both bits are set. Broadcast operation would typically be used for refresh and power management commands. If the device is selected, the DM (DeviceMatch) signal is asserted and an ACT or ROP command is performed.
Table7 shows the encodings of the remaining fields of the ROWA and ROWR packets. An ROWA packet is specified by asserting the AV bit. This causes the specified row of the specified bank of this device to be loaded into the associated sense amps.
An ROWR packet is specified when AV is not asserted. An 11 bit opcode field encodes a command for one of the banks of this device. The PRER command causes a bank and its two associated sense amps to precharge, so another row or an adjacent bank may be activated. The REFA (refresh-acti­vate) command is similar to the ACT command, except the
row address comes from an internal register REFR, and REFR is incremented at the largest bank address. The REFP (refresh-precharge) command is identical to a PRER command.
The NAPR, NAPRC, PDNR, ATTN, and RLXR commands are used for managing the power dissipation of the RDRAM and are described in more detail in Power state manage­ment on page 38. The TCEN and TCAL commands are used to adjust the output driver slew rate and they are described in more detail in Current and Temperature Control on page 43.
Table 6: Device Field Encodings for ROWA Packet and ROWR Packet
DR4T DR4F Device Selection Device Match signal (DM)
1 1 All devices (broadcast) DM is set to 1 0 1 One device selected DM is set to 1 if {DEVID4..DEVID0} == {0,DR3..DR0} else DM is set to 0 1 0 One device selected DM is set to 1 if {DEVID4..DEVID0} == {1,DR3..DR0} else DM is set to 0 0 0 No packet present DM is set to 0
Table 7: ROWA Packet and ROWR Packet Field Encodings
DMaAV
ROP10..ROP0 Field
Name
Command Description
10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2:0
0 - - - - - - - - - --- - No operation. 1 1 Row address ACT Activate row R8..R0 of bank BR4..BR0 of device and move device to ATTNb. 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 xcx x 000 PRER Precharge bank BR4..BR0 of this device. 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 x 000 REFA Refresh (activate) row REFR8..REFR0 of bank BR4..BR0 of device.
Increment REFR if BR4..BR0 = 1111 (see Figure50). 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 x 000 REFP Precharge bank BR4..BR0 of this device after REFA (see Figure50). 1 0 x x 0 0 0 0 1 x 000 PDNR Move this device into the powerdown (PDN) power state (see Figure47). 1 0 x x 0 0 0 1 0 x 000 NAPR Move this device into the nap (NAP) power state (see Figure47). 1 0 x x 0 0 0 1 1 x 000 NAPRC Move this device into the nap (NAP) power state conditionally 1 0 x x x x x x x 0 000 ATTNbMove this device into the attention (ATTN) power state (see Figure45). 1 0 x x x x x x x 1 000 RLXR Move this device into the standby (STBY) power state (see Figure46). 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 x 001 TCAL Temperature calibrate this device (see Figure52). 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 x 010 TCEN Temperature calibrate/enable this device (see Figure52). 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 000 NOROP No operation.
a. The DM (Device Match signal) value is determined by the DR4T,DR4F, DR3..DR0 field of the ROWA and ROWR packets. See Table6. b. The ATTN command does not cause a RLX-to-ATTN transition for a broadcast operation (DR4T/DR4F=1/1). c. An “x“ entry indicates which commands may be combined. For instance, the three commands PRER/NAPRC/RLXR may be specified in one ROP value (011000111000).
Page 9
Direct RDRAM
K4R271669A/K4R441869A
Rev. 1.02 Jan. 2000
Table8 shows the COP field encoding. The device must be in the ATTN power state in order to receive COLC packets. The COLC packet is used primarily to specify RD (read) and WR (write) commands. Retire operations (moving data from the write buffer to a sense amp) happen automatically. See Figure17 for a more detailed description.
The COLC packet can also specify a PREC command, which precharges a bank and its associated sense amps. The RDA/WRA commands are equivalent to combining RD/WR with a PREC. RLXC (relax) performs a power mode transi­tion. See Power State Management on page 38.
Table9 shows the COLM and COLX field encodings. The M bit is asserted to specify a COLM packet with two 8 bit bytemask fields MA and MB. If the M bit is not asserted, an COLX is specified. It has device and bank address fields, and an opcode field. The primary use of the COLX packet is to permit an independent PREX (precharge) command to be
specified without consuming control bandwidth on the ROW pins. It is also used for the CAL(calibrate) and SAM (sample) current control commands (see Current and Temperature Control on page 43), and for the RLXX power mode command (see Power State Management on page
38).
Table 8: COLC Packet Field Encodings
S DC4.. DC0
(select device)
a
COP3..0 Name Command Description
0 ---- ----- - No operation. 1 /= (DEVID4 ..0) ----- - Retire write buffer of this device. 1 == (DEVID4 ..0) x000bNOCOP Retire write buffer of this device. 1 == (DEVID4 ..0) x001 WR Retire write buffer of this device, then write column C5..C0 of bank BC4..BC0 to write buffer. 1 == (DEVID4 ..0) x010 RSRV Reserved, no operation. 1 == (DEVID4 ..0) x011 RD Read column C5..C0 of bank BC4..BC0 of this device. 1 == (DEVID4 ..0) x100 PREC Retire write buffer of this device, then precharge bank BC4..BC0 (see Figure14). 1 == (DEVID4 ..0) x101 WRA Same as WR, but precharge bank BC4..BC0 after write buffer (with new data) is retired. 1 == (DEVID4 ..0) x110 RSRV Reserved, no operation. 1 == (DEVID4 ..0) x111 RDA Same as RD, but precharge bank BC4..BC0 afterward. 1 == (DEVID4 ..0) 1xxx RLXC Move this device into the standby (STBY) power state (see Figure46).
a. /= means not equal, == means equal. b. An x entry indicates which commands may be combined. For instance, the two commands WR/RLXC may be specified in one COP value(1001).
Table 9: COLM Packet and COLX Packet Field Encodings
M
DX4 .. DX0 (selects device)
XOP4..0 Name Command Description
1 ---- - MSK MB/MA bytemasks used by WR/WRA. 0 /= (DEVID4 ..0) - - No operation. 0 == (DEVID4 ..0) 00000 NOXOP No operation. 0 == (DEVID4 ..0) 1xxx0
a
PREX Precharge bank BX4..BX0 of this device (see Figure14). 0 == (DEVID4 ..0) x10x0 CAL Calibrate (drive) IOL current for this device (see Figure51). 0 == (DEVID4 ..0) x11x0 CAL/SAM Calibrate (drive) and Sample ( update) IOL current for this device (see Figure51). 0 == (DEVID4 ..0) xxx10 RLXX Move this device into the standby (STBY) power state (see Figure46). 0 == (DEVID4 ..0) xxxx1 RSRV Reserved, no operation.
a. An x entry indicates which commands may be combined. For instance, the two commands PREX/RLXX may be specified in one XOP value (10010).
Page 10
Direct RDRAM
Rev. 1.02 Jan. 2000
K4R271669A/K4R441869A
DQ Packet Timing
Figure4 shows the timing relationship of COLC packets with D and Q data packets. This document uses a specific convention for measuring time intervals between packets: all packets on the ROW and COL pins (ROWA, ROWR, COLC, COLM, COLX) use the trailing edge of the packet as a reference point, and all packets on the DQA/DQB pins (D and Q) use the leading edge of the packet as a reference point.
An RD or RDA command will transmit a dualoct of read data Q a time t
CAC
later. This time includes one to five cycles of round-trip propagation delay on the Channel. The t
CAC
parameter may be programmed to a one of a range of
values ( 8, 9, 10, 11, or 12 t
CYCLE
). The value chosen depends upon the number of RDRAM devices on the Channel and the RDRAM timing bin. See Figure39 for more information.
A WR or WRA command will receive a dualoct of write data D a time t
CWD
later. This time does not need to include the round-trip propagation time of the Channel since the COLC and D packets are traveling in the same direction.
When a Q packet follows a D packet (shown in the left half of the figure), a gap (t
CAC
-t
CWD
) will automatically appear
between them because the t
CWD
value is always less than the
t
CAC
value. There will be no gap between the two COLC packets with the WR and RD commands which schedule the D and Q packets.
When a D packet follows a Q packet (shown in the right half of the figure), no gap is needed between them because the t
CWD
value is less than the t
CAC
value. However, , a gap of
t
CAC
-t
CWD
or greater must be inserted between the COLC packets with the RD WR commands by the controller so the Q and D packets do not overlap.
COLM Packet to D Packet Mapping
Figure5 shows a write operation initiated by a WR command in a COLC packet. If a subset of the 16 bytes of write data are to be written, then a COLM packet is trans­mitted on the COL pins a time t
RTR
after the COLC packet containing the WR command. The M bit of the COLM packet is set to indicate that it contains the MA and MB mask fields. Note that this COLM packet is aligned with the COLC packet which causes the write buffer to be retired. See Figure17 for more details.
If all 16 bytes of the D data packet are to be written, then no further control information is required. The packet slot that would have been used by the COLM packet (t
RTR
after the COLC packet) is available to be used as an COLX packet. This could be used for a PREX precharge command or for a
housekeeping command (this case is not shown). The M bit is not asserted in an COLX packet and causes all 16 bytes of the previous WR to be written unconditionally. Note that a RD command will never need a COLM packet, and will always be able to use the COLX packet option (a read opera­tion has no need for the byte-write-enable control bits).
Figure5 also shows the mapping between the MA and MB fields of the COLM packet and bytes of the D packet on the DQA and DQB pins. Each mask bit controls whether a byte of data is written (=1) or not written (=0).
Figure 4: Read (Q) and Write (D) Data Packet - Timing for t
CAC
= 8, 9, 10, 11, or 12 t
CYCLE
CTM/CFM
DQA8..0 DQB8..0
COL4
..COL0
ROW2
..ROW0
T
0
T
4
T
8
T
12
T
1
T
5
T
9
T
13
T
2
T
6
T
10
T
14
T
3
T
7
T
11
T
15
T
16
T
20
T
24
T
28
T
17
T
21
T
25
T
29
T
18
T
22
T
26
T
30
T
19
T
23
T
27
T
31
T
32
T
36
T
40
T
44
T
33
T
37
T
41
T
45
T
34
T
38
T
42
T
46
T
35
T
39
T
43
T
47
RD b1
Q (a1)
WR a1
D (a1)
t
CWD
RD c1
Q (a1)
t
CAC
-t
CWD
This gap on the DQA/DQB pins appears automatically This gap on the COL pins must be inserted by the controller
t
CAC
t
CAC
WR d1
D (d1)
D (d1)
t
CAC-tCWD
t
CWD
WR d1
Q (c1)
• • •
• • •
WR d1
WR d1
• • •
D (d1)Q (c1)
D (d1)Q (c1)
• • •
• • •
Q (a1)
Q (a1)
Q (b1)
Q (b1)
WR d1
D (d1)
Q (c1)
Page 11
Direct RDRAM
K4R271669A/K4R441869A
Rev. 1.02 Jan. 2000
Figure 5: Mapping Between COLM Packet and D Packet for WR Command
CTM/CFM
COL4
COL3
COL2
COL1
COL0
T
17
T
18
T
19
T
20
MA7 MA5 MA3 MA1
M=1 MA6 MA4 MA2 MA0
MB7 MB4 MB1
MB6 MB3 MB0
MB5 MB2
CTM/CFM
DQA8..0 DQB8..0
COL4
..COL0
ROW2
..ROW0
T
0
T
4
T
8
T
12
T
1
T
5
T
9
T
13
T
2
T
6
T
10
T
14
T
3
T
7
T
11
T
15
T
16
T
20
T
24
T
28
T
17
T
21
T
25
T
29
T
18
T
22
T
26
T
30
T
19
T
23
T
27
T
31
T
32
T
36
T
40
T
44
T
33
T
37
T
41
T
45
T
34
T
38
T
42
T
46
T
35
T
39
T
43
T
47
MSK (a1)
retire (a1)WR a1
D (a1)
ACT b0ACT a0
Transaction a: WR a0 = {Da,Ba,Ra} a1 = {Da,Ba,Ca1} a3 = {Da,Ba}
t
RTR
T
19
T
20
T
21
T
22
CTM/CFM
DQB8
DQB7
DQB1
DQB0
DB71
DB8
DB17 DB26 DB35 DB45 DB53 DB62
DB7
DB16 DB25 DB34 DB44 DB52 DB61 DB70
DB1
DB10 DB19 DB28 DB37 DB46 DB55 DB64
DB0
DB9 DB18 DB27 DB36 DB45 DB54 DB63
COLM Packet
PRER a2
DQA8
DQA7
•••
DQA1
DQA0
D Packet
MB0
DA71
DA8
DA17 DA26 DA35 DA45 DA53 DA62
DA7
DA16 DA25 DA34 DA44 DA52 DA61 DA70
DA1
DA10 DA19 DA28 DA37 DA46 DA55 DA64
DA0
DA9 DA18 DA27 DA36 DA45 DA54 DA63
MA0
MB1
MA1
MB2
MA2
MB3
MA3
MB4
MA4
MB5
MA5
MB6
MA6
MB7
MA7
•••
t
CWD
Each bit of the MB7..MB0 field controls writing (=1) or no writing (=0) of the indicated DB bits when
the M bit of the COLM packet is one.
Each bit of the MA7..MA0 field controls writing (=1) or no writing (=0) of the indicated DA bits when
the M bit of the COLM packet is one.
When M=1, the MA and MB
fields control writing of
individual data bytes.
When M=0, all data bytes are
written unconditionally.
Page 12
Direct RDRAM
Rev. 1.02 Jan. 2000
K4R271669A/K4R441869A
ROW-to-ROW Packet Interaction
Figure6 shows two packets on the ROW pins separated by an interval t
RRDELAY
which depends upon the packet
contents. No other ROW packets are sent to banks {Ba,Ba+1,Ba-1} between packet “a” and packet “b” unless noted otherwise. Table10 summarizes the t
RRDELAY
values
for all possible cases.
Cases RR1 through RR4 show two successive ACT commands. In case RR1, there is no restriction since the ACT commands are to different devices. In case RR2, the tRR restriction applies to the same device with non-adjacent banks. Cases RR3 and RR4 are illegal (as shown) since bank Ba needs to be precharged. If a PRER to Ba, Ba+1, or Ba-1 is inserted, t
RRDELAY
is tRC (t
RAS
to the PRER command,
and tRP to the next ACT). Cases RR5 through RR8 show an ACT command followed
by a PRER command. In cases RR5 and RR6, there are no restrictions since the commands are to different devices or to non-adjacent banks of the same device. In cases RR7 and RR8, the t
RAS
restriction means the activated bank must wait
before it can be precharged. Cases RR9 through RR12 show a PRER command followed
by an ACT command. In cases RR9 and RR10, there are essentially no restrictions since the commands are to different devices or to non-adjacent banks of the same device. RR10a and RR10b depend upon whether a bracketed bank (Ba±1) is precharged or activated. In cases RR11 and RR12, the same and adjacent banks must all wait tRP for the sense amp and bank to precharge before being activated.
Figure 6: ROW-to-ROW Packet Interaction- Timing
CTM/CFM
DQA8..0 DQB8..0
COL4
..COL0
ROW2
..ROW0
T
0
T
4
T
8
T
12
T
1
T
5
T
9
T
13
T
2
T
6
T
10
T
14
T
3
T
7
T
11
T
15
T
16
T
T17T18T
19
Transaction a: ROPa
Transaction b: ROPb
a0 = {Da,Ba,Ra} b0= {Db,Bb,Rb}
t
RRDELAY
ROPa a0 ROPb b0
Table 10: ROW-to-ROW Packet Interaction - Rules
Case # ROPa Da Ba Ra ROPb Db Bb Rb t
RRDELAY
Example
RR1 ACT Da Ba Ra ACT /= Da xxxx x..x t
PACKET
Figure11
RR2 ACT Da Ba Ra ACT == Da /= {Ba,Ba+1,Ba-1} x..x t
RR
Figure11
RR3 ACT Da Ba Ra ACT == Da == {Ba+1,Ba-1} x..x t
RC
- illegal unless PRER to Ba/Ba+1/Ba-1 Figure10
RR4 ACT Da Ba Ra ACT == Da == {Ba} x..x t
RC
- illegal unless PRER to Ba/Ba+1/Ba-1 Figure10
RR5 ACT Da Ba Ra PRER /= Da xxxx x..x t
PACKET
Figure11
RR6 ACT Da Ba Ra PRER == Da /= {Ba,Ba+1,Ba-1} x..x t
PACKET
Figure11
RR7 ACT Da Ba Ra PRER == Da == { Ba+1,Ba-1} x..x t
RAS
Figure10
RR8 ACT Da Ba Ra PRER == Da == {Ba} x..x t
RAS
Figure15
RR9 PRER Da Ba Ra ACT /= Da xxxx x..x t
PACKET
Figure12
RR10 PRER Da Ba Ra ACT == Da /= {Ba,Ba±1,Ba±2} x..x t
PACKET
Figure12
RR10a PRER Da Ba Ra ACT == Da == {Ba+2} x..x t
PACKET/tRP
if Ba+1 is precharged/activated.
RR10b PRER Da Ba Ra ACT == Da == {Ba-2} x..x t
PACKET/tRP
if Ba-1 is precharged/activated.
RR11 PRER Da Ba Ra ACT == Da == {Ba+1,Ba-1} x..x t
RP
Figure10
RR12 PRER Da Ba Ra ACT == Da == {Ba} x..x t
RP
Figure10
RR13 PRER Da Ba Ra PRER /= Da xxxx x..x t
PACKET
Figure12
RR14 PRER Da Ba Ra PRER == Da /= {Ba,Ba+1,Ba-1} x..x t
PP
Figure12
RR15 PRER Da Ba Ra PRER == Da == {Ba+1,Ba-1} x..x t
PP
Figure12
RR16 PRER Da Ba Ra PRER == Da == Ba x..x t
PP
Figure12
Page 13
Direct RDRAM
K4R271669A/K4R441869A
Rev. 1.02 Jan. 2000
ROW-to-ROW Interaction - contin­ued
Cases RR13 through RR16 summarize the combinations of two successive PRER commands. In case RR13 there is no restriction since two devices are addressed. In RR14, t
PP
applies, since the same device is addressed. In RR15 and RR16, the same bank or an adjacent bank may be given repeated PRER commands with only the tPP restriction.
Two adjacent banks can’t be activate simultaneously. A precharge command to one bank will thus affect the state of the adjacent banks (and sense amps). If bank Ba is activate and a PRER is directed to Ba, then bank Ba will be precharged along with sense amps Ba-1/Ba and Ba/Ba+1. If bank Ba+1 is activate and a PRER is directed to Ba, then bank Ba+1 will be precharged along with sense amps Ba/Ba+1 and Ba+1/Ba+2. If bank Ba-1 is activate and a PRER is directed to Ba, then bank Ba-1 will be precharged along with sense amps Ba/Ba-1 and Ba-1/Ba-2.
A ROW packet may contain commands other than ACT or PRER. The REFA and REFP commands are equivalent to ACT and PRER for interaction analysis purposes. The inter­action rules of the NAPR, NAPRC, PDNR, RLXR, ATTN, TCAL, and TCEN commands are discussed in later sections (see Table7 for cross-ref).
ROW-to-COL Packet Interaction
Figure7 shows two packets on the ROW and COL pins. They must be separated by an interval t
RCDELAY
which depends upon the packet contents. Table11 summarizes the t
RCDELAY
values for all possible cases. Note that if the COL packet is earlier than the ROW packet, it is considered a COL-to-ROW packet interaction.
Cases RC1 through RC5 summarize the rules when the ROW packet has an ACT command. Figure15 and Figure16 show examples of RC5 - an activation followed by a read or write. RC4 is an illegal situation, since a read or write of a precharged banks is being attempted (remember that for a bank to be activated, adjacent banks must be precharged). In cases RC1, RC2, and RC3, there is no inter­action of the ROW and COL packets.
Cases RC6 through RC8 summarize the rules when the ROW packet has a PRER command. There is either no inter­action (RC6 through RC9) or an illegal situation with a read or write of a precharged bank (RC9).
The COL pins can also schedule a precharge operation with a RDA, WRA, or PREC command in a COLC packet or a PREX command in a COLX packet. The constraints of these precharge operations may be converted to equivalent PRER command constraints using the rules summarized in Figure14.
Figure 7: ROW-to-COL Packet Interaction- Timing
CTM/CFM
DQA8..0 DQB8..0
COL4
..COL0
ROW2
..ROW0
T
0
T
4
T
8
T
12
T
1
T
5
T
9
T
13
T
2
T
6
T
10
T
14
T
3
T
7
T
11
T
15
T
16
T
T17T18T
19
Transaction a: ROPa
Transaction b: COPb
a0 = {Da,Ba,Ra}
b1= {Db,Bb,Cb1}
t
RCDELAY
ROPa a0
COPb b1
Table 11: ROW-to-COL Packet Interaction - Rules
Case # ROPa Da Ba Ra COPb Db Bb Cb1 t
RCDELAY
Example
RC1 ACT Da Ba Ra NOCOP,RD,retire /= Da xxxx x..x 0 RC2 ACT Da Ba Ra NOCOP == Da xxxx x..x 0 RC3 ACT Da Ba Ra RD,retire == Da /= {Ba,Ba+1,Ba-1} x..x 0 RC4 ACT Da Ba Ra RD,retire == Da == {Ba+1,Ba-1} x..x Illegal RC5 ACT Da Ba Ra RD,retire == Da == Ba x..x t
RCD
Figure15 RC6 PRER Da Ba Ra NOCOP,RD,retire /= Da xxxx x..x 0 RC7 PRER Da Ba Ra NOCOP == Da xxxx x..x 0 RC8 PRER Da Ba Ra RD,retire == Da /= {Ba,Ba+1,Ba-1} x..x 0 RC9 PRER Da Ba Ra RD,retire == Da == {Ba+1,Ba-1} x..x Illegal
Page 14
Direct RDRAM
Rev. 1.02 Jan. 2000
K4R271669A/K4R441869A
COL-to-COL Packet Interaction
Figure8 shows three arbitrary packets on the COL pins. Packets “b” andc must be separated by an interval t
CCDELAY
which depends upon the command and address values in all three packets. Table12 summarizes the t
CCDELAY
values for all possible cases. Cases CC1 through CC5 summarize the rules for every situ-
ation other than the case when COPb is a WR command and COPc is a RD command. In CC3, when a RD command is followed by a WR command, a gap of t
CAC
-t
CWD
must be inserted between the two COL packets. See Figure4 for more explanation of why this gap is needed. For cases CC1,
CC2, CC4, and CC5, there is no restriction (t
CCDELAY
is
tCC). In cases CC6 through CC10, COPb is a WR command and
COPc is a RD command. The t
CCDELAY
value needed between these two packets depends upon the command and address in the packet with COPa. In particular, in case CC6 when there is WR-WR-RD command sequence directed to the same device, a gap will be needed between the packets with COPb and COPc. The gap will need a COLC packet with a NOCOP command directed to any device in order to force an automatic retire to take place. Figure18 (right) provides a more detailed explanation of this case.
In case CC10, there is a RD-WR-RD sequence directed to the same device. If a prior write to the same device is unre­tired when COPa is issued, then a gap will be needed between the packets with COPb and COPc as in case CC6. The gap will need a COLC packet with a NOCOP command directed to any device in order to force an automatic retire to take place.
Cases CC7, CC8, and CC9 have no restriction (t
CCDELAY
is
tCC). For the purposes of analyzing COL-to-ROW interactions,
the PREC, WRA, and RDA commands of the COLC packet are equivalent to the NOCOP, WR, and RD commands. These commands also cause a precharge operation PREC to take place. This precharge may be converted to an equiva­lent PRER command on the ROW pins using the rules summarized in Figure14.
Figure 8: COL-to-COL Packet Interaction- Timing
CTM/CFM
DQA8..0 DQB8..0
COL4
..COL0
ROW2
..ROW0
T
0
T
4
T
8
T
12
T
1
T
5
T
9
T
13
T
2
T
6
T
10
T
14
T
3
T
7
T
11
T
15
T
16
T
T17T18T
19
COPa a1
Transaction a: COPa
COPc c1
Transaction b: COPb Transaction c: COPc
a1 = {Da,Ba,Ca1} b1 = {Db,Bb,Cb1}
c1 = {Dc,Bc,Cc1}
t
CCDELAY
COPb b1
Table 12: COL-to-COL Packet Interaction - Rules
Case # COPa Da Ba Ca1 COPb Db Bb Cb1 COPc Dc Bc Cc1 t
CCDELAY
Example
CC1 xxxx xxxxx x..x x..x NOCOP Db Bb Cb1 xxxx xxxxx x..x x..x t
CC
CC2 xxxx xxxxx x..x x..x RD,WR Db Bb Cb1 NOCOP xxxxx x..x x..x t
CC
CC3 xxxx xxxxx x..x x..x RD Db Bb Cb1 WR xxxxx x..x x..x tCC+t
CAC
-t
CWD
Figure4
CC4 xxxx xxxxx x..x x..x RD Db Bb Cb1 RD xxxxx x..x x..x t
CC
Figure15
CC5 xxxx xxxxx x..x x..x WR Db Bb Cb1 WR xxxxx x..x x..x t
CC
Figure16
CC6 WR == Db x x..x WR Db Bb Cb1 RD == Db x..x x..x t
RTR
Figure18
CC7 WR == Db x x..x WR Db Bb Cb1 RD /= Db x..x x..x t
CC
CC8 WR /= Db x x..x WR Db Bb Cb1 RD == Db x..x x..x t
CC
CC9 NOCOP == Db x x..x WR Db Bb Cb1 RD == Db x..x x..x t
CC
CC10 RD == Db x x..x WR Db Bb Cb1 RD == Db x..x x..x tCC
Page 15
Direct RDRAM
K4R271669A/K4R441869A
Rev. 1.02 Jan. 2000
COL-to-ROW Packet Interaction
Figure9 shows arbitrary packets on the COL and ROW pins. They must be separated by an interval t
CRDELAY
which depends upon the command and address values in the packets. Table13 summarizes the t
CRDELAY
value for all
possible cases. Cases CR1, CR2, CR3, and CR9 show no interaction
between the COL and ROW packets, either because one of the commands is a NOP or because the packets are directed to different devices or to non-adjacent banks.
Case CR4 is illegal because an already-activated bank is to be re-activated without being precharged Case CR5 is illegal because an adjacent bank can’t be activated or precharged until bank Ba is precharged first.
In case CR6, the COLC packet contains a RD command, and the ROW packet contains a PRER command for the same bank. The t
RDP
parameter specifies the required spacing.
Likewise, in case CR7, the COLC packet causes an auto­matic retire to take place, and the ROW packet contains a PRER command for the same bank. The t
RTP
parameter
specifies the required spacing. Case CR8 is labeled “Hazardous” because a WR command
should always be followed by an automatic retire before a precharge is scheduled. Figure19 shows an example of what can happen when the retire is not able to happen before the precharge.
For the purposes of analyzing COL-to-ROW interactions, the PREC, WRA, and RDA commands of the COLC packet are equivalent to the NOCOP, WR, and RD commands. These commands also cause a precharge operation to take place. This precharge may converted to an equivalent PRER command on the ROW pins using the rules summarized in Figure14.
A ROW packet may contain commands other than ACT or PRER. The REFA and REFP commands are equivalent to ACT and PRER for interaction analysis purposes. The inter­action rules of the NAPR, PDNR, and RLXR commands are discussed in a later section.
Figure 9: COL-to-ROW Packet Interaction- Timing
CTM/CFM
DQA8..0 DQB8..0
COL4
..COL0
ROW2
..ROW0
T
0
T
4
T
8
T
12
T
1
T
5
T
9
T
13
T
2
T
6
T
10
T
14
T
3
T
7
T
11
T
15
T
16
T
T17T18T
19
Transaction a: COPa Transaction b: ROPb
a1= {Da,Ba,Ca1}
b0= {Db,Bb,Rb}
t
CRDELAY
ROPb b0
COPa a1
Table 13: COL-to-ROW Packet Interaction - Rules
Case # COPa Da Ba Ca1 ROPb
Db
Bb Rb t
CRDELAY
Example
CR1 NOCOP Da Ba Ca1 x..x xxxxx xxxx x..x 0 CR2 RD/WR Da Ba Ca1 x..x /= Da xxxx x..x 0 CR3 RD/WR Da Ba Ca1 x..x == Da /= {Ba,Ba+1,Ba-1} x..x 0 CR4 RD/WR Da Ba Ca1 ACT == Da == {Ba} x..x Illegal CR5 RD/WR Da Ba Ca1 ACT == Da == {Ba+1,Ba-1} x..x Illegal CR6 RD Da Ba Ca1 PRER == Da == {Ba,Ba+1,Ba-1} x..x t
RDP
Figure15
CR7 retire
a
Da Ba Ca1 PRER == Da == {Ba,Ba+1,Ba-1} x..x t
RTP
Figure16
CR8 WR
b
Da Ba Ca1 PRER == Da == {Ba,Ba+1,Ba-1} x..x 0 Figure19
CR9 xxxx Da Ba Ca1 NOROP xxxxx xxxx x..x 0
a. This is any command which permits the write buffer of device Da to retire (see Table8). Ba is the bank address in the write buffer. b. This situation is hazardous because the write buffer will be left unretired while the targeted bank is precharged. See Figure19.
Page 16
Direct RDRAM
Rev. 1.02 Jan. 2000
K4R271669A/K4R441869A
ROW-to-ROW Examples
Figure10 shows examples of some of the ROW-to-ROW packet spacings from Table10. A complete sequence of acti­vate and precharge commands is directed to a bank. The RR8 and RR12 rules apply to this sequence. In addition to satisfying the t
RAS
and tRP timing parameters, the separation
between ACT commands to the same bank must also satisfy the tRC timing parameter (RR4).
When a bank is activated, it is necessary for adjacent banks to remain precharged. As a result, the adjacent banks will also satisfy parallel timing constraints; in the example, the RR11 and RR3 rules are analogous to the RR12 and RR4 rules.
Figure11 shows examples of the ACT-to-ACT (RR1, RR2) and ACT-to-PRER (RR5, RR6) command spacings from Table10. In general, the commands in ROW packets may be spaced an interval t
PACKET
apart unless they are directed to
the same or adjacent banks or unless they are a similar command type (both PRER or both ACT) directed to the same device.
Figure 10: Row Packet Example
CTM/CFM
DQA8..0 DQB8..0
COL4
..COL0
ROW2
..ROW0
T
0
T
4
T
8
T
12
T
1
T
5
T
9
T
13
T
2
T
6
T
10
T
14
T
3
T
7
T
11
T
15
T
16
T
20
T
24
T
28
T
17
T
21
T
25
T
29
T
18
T
22
T
26
T
30
T
19
T
23
T
27
T
31
T
32
T
36
T
40
T
44
T
33
T
37
T
41
T
45
T
34
T
38
T
42
T
46
T
35
T
39
T
43
T
47
ACT a0 PRER a1
t
RAS
t
RC
a0 = {Da,Ba,Ra}
a1 = {Da,Ba+1}
b0 = {Da,Ba+1,Rb}
Same Device Adjacent Bank RR7
t
RP
Same Device Adjacent Bank RR11
ACT b0
b0 = {Da,Ba,Rb}Same Device Same Bank RR12
b0 = {Da,Ba+1,Rb}Same Device Adjacent Bank RR3
b0 = {Da,Ba,Rb}Same Device Same Bank RR4
Figure 11: Row Packet Example
CTM/CFM
DQA8..0 DQB8..0
COL4
..COL0
ROW2
..ROW0
Page 17
Direct RDRAM
K4R271669A/K4R441869A
Rev. 1.02 Jan. 2000
Figure12 shows examples of the PRER-to-PRER (RR13, RR14) and PRER-to-ACT (RR9, RR10) command spacings from Table10. The RR15 and RR16 cases (PRER-to-PRER to same or adjacent banks) are not shown, but are similar to RR14. In general, the commands in ROW packets may be
spaced an interval t
PACKET
apart unless they are directed to the same or adjacent banks or unless they are a similar command type (both PRER or both ACT) directed to the same device.
Row and Column Cycle Description
Activate: A row cycle begins with the activate (ACT) opera­tion. The activation process is destructive; the act of sensing the value of a bit in a bank’s storage cell transfers the bit to the sense amp, but leaves the original bit in the storage cell with an incorrect value.
Restore: Because the activation process is destructive, a hidden operation called restore is automatically performed. The restore operation rewrites the bits in the sense amp back into the storage cells of the activated row of the bank.
Read/Write: While the restore operation takes place, the sense amp may be read (RD) and written (WR) using column operations. If new data is written into the sense amp, it is automatically forwarded to the storage cells of the bank so the data in the activated row and the data in the sense amp remain identical.
Precharge: When both the restore operation and the column operations are completed, the sense amp and bank are precharged (PRE). This leaves them in the proper state to begin another activate operation.
Intervals: The activate operation requires the interval t
RCD,MIN
to complete. The hidden restore operation requires
the interval t
RAS,MIN
- t
RCD,MIN
to complete. Column read
and write operations are also performed during the t
RAS,MIN
- t
RCD,MIN
interval (if more than about four column opera­tions are performed, this interval must be increased). The precharge operation requires the interval t
RP,MIN
to
complete. Adjacent Banks: An RDRAM with an “s designation
(256Kx32sx16/18) indicates it contains split banks. This means the sense amps are shared between two adjacent banks. The only exception is that sense amp 0, 15, 30, and 31are not shared. When a row in a bank is activated, the two adjacent sense amps are connected to (associated with) that bank and are not available for use by the two adjacent banks. These two adjacent banks must remain precharged while the selected bank goes through its activate, restore, read/write, and precharge operations.
For example (referring to the block diagram of Figure2), if bank 5 is accessed, sense amp 4/5 and sense amp 5/6 will both be loaded with one of the 512 rows (with 512 bytes loaded into each sense amp from the 1Kbyte row - 256 bytes to the DQA side and 256 bytes to the DQB side). While this row from bank 5 is being accessed, no rows may be accessed in banks 4 or 6 because of the sense amp sharing.
Figure 12: Row Packet Examples
CTM/CFM
DQA8..0 DQB8..0
COL4
..COL0
ROW2
..ROW0
T
0
T
4
T
8
T
12
T
1
T
5
T
9
T
13
T
2
T
6
T
10
T
14
T
3
T
7
T
11
T
15
T
16
T
20
T
24
T
28
T
17
T
21
T
25
T
29
T
18
T
22
T
26
T
30
T
19
T
23
T
27
T
31
T
32
T
36
T
40
T
44
T
33
T
37
T
41
T
45
T
34
T
38
T
42
T
46
T
35
T
39
T
43
T
47
PRER a0 ACT b0
t
PACKET
PRER c0
a0 = {Da,Ba,Ra}
b0 = {Db,Bb,Rb}
c0 = {Da,Bc,Rc}
Different Device Any Bank
Same Device Non-adjacent Bank
RR13 RR14
PRER a0PRER a0PRER b0 ACT c0
b0 = {Db,Bb,Rb}
c0 = {Da,Bc,Rc}
Different Device Any Bank
Same Device Non-adjacent Bank
RR9
RR10
PRER a0
c0 = {Da,Ba+1Rc}Same Device Same Bank RR16
c0 = {Da,Ba,Rc}Same Device Adjacent Bank RR15
t
PP
t
PACKET
t
PACKET
Page 18
Direct RDRAM
K4R271669A/K4R441869A
Rev. 1.02 Jan. 2000
Precharge Mechanisms
Figure13 shows an example of precharge with the ROWR packet mechanism. The PRER command must occur a time
t
RAS
after the ACT command, and a time tRP before the next ACT command. This timing will serve as a baseline against which the other precharge mechanisms can be compared.
Figure14 (top) shows an example of precharge with a RDA command. A bank is activated with an ROWA packet on the ROW pins. Then, a series of four dualocts are read with RD commands in COLC packets on the COL pins. The fourth of these commands is a RDA, which causes the bank to auto­matically precharge when the final read has finished. The timing of this automatic precharge is equivalent to a PRER command in an ROWR packet on the ROW pins that is offset a time t
OFFP
from the COLC packet with the RDA command. The RDA command should be treated as a RD command in a COLC packet as well as a simultaneous (but offset) PRER command in an ROWR packet when analyzing interactions with other packets.
Figure14 (middle) shows an example of precharge with a WRA command. As in the RDA example, a bank is acti­vated with an ROWA packet on the ROW pins. Then, two dualocts are written with WR commands in COLC packets on the COL pins. The second of these commands is a WRA, which causes the bank to automatically precharge when the final write has been retired. The timing of this automatic precharge is equivalent to a PRER command in an ROWR packet on the ROW pins that is offset a time t
OFFP
from the COLC packet that causes the automatic retire. The WRA command should be treated as a WR command in a COLC packet as well as a simultaneous (but offset) PRER command in an ROWR packet when analyzing interactions with other packets. Note that the automatic retire is triggered by a COLC packet a time t
RTR
after the COLC packet with
the WR command unless the second COLC contains a RD command to the same device. This is described in more detail in Figure17.
Figure14 (bottom) shows an example of precharge with a PREX command in an COLX packet. A bank is activated with an ROWA packet on the ROW pins. Then, a series of four dualocts are read with RD commands in COLC packets on the COL pins. The fourth of these COLC packets includes an COLX packet with a PREX command. This causes the bank to precharge with timing equivalent to a PRER command in an ROWR packet on the ROW pins that is offset a time t
OFFP
from the COLX packet with the PREX
command.
Figure 13: Precharge via PRER Command in ROWR Packet
CTM/CFM
DQA8..0 DQB8..0
COL4
..COL0
ROW2
..ROW0
T
0
T
4
T
8
T
12
T
1
T
5
T
9
T
13
T
2
T
6
T
10
T
14
T
3
T
7
T
11
T
15
T
16
T
20
T
24
T
28
T
17
T
21
T
25
T
29
T
18
T
22
T
26
T
30
T
19
T
23
T
27
T
31
T
32
T
36
T
40
T
44
T
33
T
37
T
41
T
45
T
34
T
38
T
42
T
46
T
35
T
39
T
43
T
47
ACT a0 PRER a5
t
RAS
t
RC
a0 = {Da,Ba,Ra}
a5 = {Da,Ba}
b0 = {Da,Ba,Rb}
t
RP
ACT b0
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