Powermatic 4224 User Manual

Operating Instructions and Parts Manual

24” Wood Lathe

Model: 4224

WMH Tool Group

Part Number: M-0460228

This manual has been prepared for the owner and operators of a Powermatic Model 4224 24” Wood Lathe. Its purpose, aside from machine operation, is to promote safety using accepted operating and maintenance procedures. To obtain maximum life and efficiency from your wood lathe, and to aid in using the machine safely, read this manual thoroughly and follow instructions carefully.

Warranty and Service

WMH Tool Group warrants every product it sells. If one of our tools needs service or repair, one of our Authorized Repair Stations located throughout the United States can provide quick service or information.

In most cases, a WMH Tool Group Repair Station can assist in authorizing repair work, obtaining parts, or perform routine or major maintenance repair on your Powermatic product.

For the name of an Authorized Repair Station in your area, please call 1-800-274-6848, or visit our web site at www.wmhtoolgroup.com.

More Information

Remember, the WMH Tool Group is consistently adding new products to the line. For complete, up-to-date product information, check with your local WMH Tool Group distributor, or visit our web site at www.wmhtoolgroup.com

WMH Tool Group Warranty

WMH Tool Group makes every effort to assure that its products meet high quality and durability standards and warrants to the original retail consumer/purchaser of our products that each product be free from defects in materials and workmanship as follow: 1 YEAR LIMITED WARRANTY ON ALL PRODUCTS UNLESS SPECIFIED OTHERWISE. This Warranty does not apply to defects due directly or indirectly to misuse, abuse, negligence or accidents, normal wear-and-tear, repair or alterations outside our facilities, or to a lack of maintenance.

WMH TOOL GROUP LIMITS ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES TO THE PERIOD SPECIFIED ABOVE, BEGINNING FROM THE DATE THE PRODUCT WAS PURCHASED AT RETAIL. EXCEPT AS STATED HEREIN, ANY IMPLIED WARRANTIES OR MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS ARE EXCLUDED. SOME STATES DO NOT ALLOW LIMITATIONS ON HOW LONG THE IMPLIED WARRANTY LASTS, SO THE ABOVE LIMITATION MAY NOT APPLY TO YOU. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE WMH TOOL GROUP BE LIABLE FOR DEATH, INJURIES TO PERSONS OR PROPERTY, OR FOR INCIDENTAL, CONTINGENT, SPECIAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING FROM THE USE OF OUR PRODUCTS. SOME STATES DO NOT ALLOW THE EXCLUSION OR LIMITATION OF INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES, SO THE ABOVE LIMITATION OR EXCLUSION MAY NOT APPLY TO YOU.

To take advantage of this warranty, the product or part must be returned for examination, postage prepaid, to an Authorized Repair Station designated by our office. Proof of purchase date and an explanation of the complaint must accompany the merchandise. If our inspection discloses a defect, we will either repair or replace the product at our discretion, or refund the purchase price if we cannot readily and quickly provide a repair or replacement. We will return the repaired product or replacement at WMH Tool Group’s expense, but if it is determined there is no defect, or that the defect resulted from causes not within the scope of WMH Tool Group’s warranty, then the user must bear the cost of storing and returning the product. This warranty gives you specific legal rights; you may also have other rights, which vary from state to state.

WMH Tool Group sells through distributors only. Members of the WMH Tool Group reserve the right to effect at any time, without prior notice, those alterations to parts, fittings and accessory equipment, which they may deem necessary for any reason whatsoever.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Safety Rules ...............................................................................................................................................4-5

Safety: Decals ...............................................................................................................................................6

Specifications ................................................................................................................................................7

Receiving ......................................................................................................................................................8

Installation .....................................................................................................................................................8

Power Connection.................................................................................................................................8

Inverter Drive System............................................................................................................................8

Maintenance..................................................................................................................................................8

Adjustments:

Belt Adjustment..................................................................................................................................... 8

Tool Support..........................................................................................................................................8

Spindle ..................................................................................................................................................9

Speed Range Adjustment .....................................................................................................................9

Table 1: Wood Turning Lathe Speeds ..........................................................................................................9

Tools....... .. ..................................................................................................................................................10

Operating Instructions .................................................................................................................................10

Spindle Turning ........................................................................................................................................... 10

Stock Selection ................................................................................................................................... 11

Mounting Stock ................................................................................................................................... 11

Cutting Techniques ............................................................................................................................. 12

Roughing Out.............................................................................................................................. 12

Beads ..........................................................................................................................................12

Coves ..........................................................................................................................................12

"V" Cuts....................................................................................................................................... 12

Parting Off ................................................................................................................................... 13

Sanding & Finishing ....................................................................................................................13

Face Plate & Bowl Turning.......................................................................................................................... 13

Mounting Stock ................................................................................................................................... 13

Faceplate or Chuck?...........................................................................................................................14

Wood Selection ...................................................................................................................................14

Checks & Cracks ........................................................................................................................ 14

Distortion ..................................................................................................................................... 14

Tools for Bowl Turning ........................................................................................................................ 14

Bowl Turning Techniques ...................................................................................................................14

To Shape Outside of Bowl ..........................................................................................................15

To Shape Interior of Bowl ...........................................................................................................15

Sanding & Finishing ....................................................................................................................15

Trouble-Shooting.........................................................................................................................................16

Electrical Schematic .................................................................................................................................... 17

Parts Lists & Exploded Views:

Stand & Bed Assembly ..................................................................................................................18-20

Headstock Assembly......................................................................................................................21-23

Optional Accessories ..........................................................................................................................24

Optional Accessory: 65" Bed Extension ........................................................................................24-25

Optional Accessory: Outboard Turning Assembly .........................................................................26-27

1. Read and understand the entire owner’s manual before attempting assembly or operation.

2. This wood lathe is designed and intended for use by properly trained and experienced personnel only. If you are not familiar with the proper and safe operation of a wood lathe, do not use it until the proper training and knowledge have been obtained.

3. Always wear approved safety glasses/face shields while using this machine.

4. Make certain the machine is properly grounded.

5. Before operating the machine, remove tie, rings, watches, other jewelry, and roll sleeves up past the elbows. Remove all loose clothing and confine long hair. Do not wear gloves.

6. Keep the floor around the machine clean and free of scrap material, oil and grease.

7. Keep machine guards in place at all times when the machine is in use. If removed for maintenance purposes, use extreme caution and replace the guards immediately.

8. Do not over reach. Maintain a balanced stance at all times, so that you do not fall or lean against blades or other moving parts.

9. Make all machine adjustments or maintenance with the machine unplugged from the power source.

10. Use the right tool. Do not force a tool or attachment to do a job that it was not designed to do.

11. Replace warning labels if they become obscured or removed.

12. Make certain the switch is in the OFF position before connecting the machine to the power supply.

13. Give your work undivided attention. Looking around, carrying on a conversation and "horse-play" are careless acts that can result in serious injury.

14. Keep visitors a safe distance from the work area.

15. Use recommended accessories; improper accessories may be hazardous.

16. Read and understand warnings posted on the machine and in this manual. Failure to comply with all of these warnings may cause serious injury.

17. Some dust created by power sanding, sawing, grinding, drilling and other construction activities contain chemicals known to cause cancer, birth defects or other reproductive harm. Some examples of these chemicals are:

• Lead from lead based paint.

• Crystalline silica from bricks, cement and other masonry products.

• Arsenic and chromium from chemically treated lumber.

Your risk of exposure varies, depending on how often you do this type of work. To reduce your exposure to these chemicals: work in a well ventilated area, and work with approved safety equipment, such as face or dust masks that are specifically designed to filter out microscopic particles

18. Do not operate this lathe while under the influence of drugs, alcohol or any medication.

19. Keep tools sharp and clean for safe and best performance. Dull tools can grab in the work and be jerked from the operator`s hands causing serious injury.

20. Check the condition of the stock to be turned. Make sure it is free of knots, warpage, checked ends, improperly made or cured glue joints and other conditions which can cause it to be thrown out of the lathe.

21. Securely fasten spur/live centers to the material being used.

22. Check centers and center sockets in the headstock and tailstock to be sure they are free of dirt or rust and oil lightly before inserting centers.

23. Test each set-up by revolving the work by hand to insure it clears the tool rest and bed. Check the setup at the lowest speed before increasing it to the operating speed.

24. Use the correct cutting tool for the operation to be performed and keep all tools sharp.

25. Use low speeds for roughing and for long or large diameter work. If vibration occurs, stop the machine and correct the cause. See the speed recommendation chart on the next page.

Warnings

Diameter of Work Roughing RPM General Cutting RPM Finishing RPM

Under 2" 1500 3000 3000

2 to 4" 600 1500 2300

4 to 6" 450 1100 1500

6 to 8" 450 600 1100

8 to 10" 450 600 850

10 to 12" 450 600 850

Warnings

SPEED RECOMMENDATIONS

12 to 14" 450 450 600

26. When sanding, remove the tool rest from the machine, apply light pressure and use a slow speed to avoid heat build up.

27. When turning large diameter pieces, such as bowls, always operate the lathe at low speeds. See the speed recommendation chart.

28. Do not attempt to engage the spindle lock pin until the spindle has stopped. If leaving the machine area, turn it off and wait until the spindle stops before departing.

29. Make no adjustments except speed changes with the spindle rotating and always disconnect the machine from the power source when performing maintenance to avoid accidental starting or electrical shock.

30. Provide for adequate space surrounding work area and non-glare, overhead lighting.

31. When stopping the lathe, never grab the part or faceplate to slow it down. Let the work coast to a stop.

32. Use only Powermatic factory authorized replacement parts and accessories; otherwise, the warranty and guarantee are null and void.

33. Do not use this Powermatic wood lathe for other than its intended purpose. If used for other purposes, Powermatic disclaims any real or implied warranty and holds itself harmless from any injury that may result from that use.

Familiarize yourself with the following safety notices used in this manual:

CAUTION: (This means that if precautions are not heeded, it may result in minor or moderate injury

and/or possible machine damage)

WARNING: (This means that if precautions are not heeded, it could result in serious injury or

possibly even death).

SAFETY: DECALS

Familiarize yourself with the location and content of this decal on your machine.

6294773

SPECIFICATIONS: 4224 Lathe

Distance Between Centers.................................................................................................................................... 42"

Swing Over Bed ....................................................................................................................................................24"

Spindle Speeds:

Low speed ...........................................................................................................................................0-910 RPM

Medium speed...................................................................................................................................0-2000 RPM

High speed ........................................................................................................................................ 0-3500 RPM

Rotation ......................................................................................................................................................FWD/REV

Motor .........................................................................................................................................................3HP, 220V

Lathe Power Requirements...........................................................................................................220V, 3PH or 1PH

Spindle Thread Size .......................................................................................................................... 1-1/4" x 8 T.P.I.

Head/Tailstock Taper .................................................................................................................................. #2 Morse

Height to center of spindle ..............................................................................................................................44-1/2"

Weight .............................................................................................................................................................950 lbs

Tailstock Quill Travel.........................................................................................................................................4-1/2"

3" Faceplate ................................................................................................................................................. standard

14" Toolrest .................................................................................................................................................. standard

Drive System .....................................................................................................................Poly V Belt, Inverter Drive

Spindle Lock................................................................................................................................................. standard

Indexer.......................................................................................................................................................24 position

Knock Out Rod ............................................................................................................................................. standard

Drive Center ................................................................................................................................................. standard

Ball Bearing (live) Center ............................................................................................................................. standard

Hole through tail stock spindle ............................................................................................................................. 3/8"

Hole through head stock spindle.......................................................................................................................... 5/8"

Footprint of stand ................................................................................................................................. 65" L x 24" W

NOTE: The above specifications were current at the time this manual was published, but because of our policy of continuous improvement, Powermatic reserves the right to change specifications without notice and without incurring obligations.

RECEIVING

Remove the lathe from the shipping container and check for damage. Report any damage to your distributor immediately. Accessories are packaged in a separate carton which will be on the shelf of the machine stand. Clean protective coating from the bed, spindles, work rest and face plate with kerosene or a good commercial solvent. Read the instruction manual thoroughly for assembly, maintenance, operation and safety instructions.

INSTALLATION

Install the four leveling screws in the legs, adjust to a stable position and tighten the jam nuts to lock in place. Insert the guard support rod in the guard mounting bracket at the rear of the headstock. Position a locking collar on each side of the mounting bracket so that the lock pin lines up with the holes in the guard pivot rod, one for guard position and one for load position. The spring loaded lock pin will hold the guard in each position.

Power Connection The lathe will operate on single phase or three phase 230 volt power supply. A three wire pigtail for use on 230 volt single phase power is attached to the inverter and may be hard wired to the power source or connected to a receptacle plug. Connect the 230 volt supply to the black and white leads and ground the green lead. If three phase power is used, it will be necessary to replace the pigtail wire with a 12/4 wire and connect the three hot leads to the inverter at R, S and T as shown in the wiring diagram. Always connect the ground lead. Before connecting to the power source make sure the on/off switch is in the off position and turn the speed dial counterclockwise. If the switch is in the on position when the power is connected, the inverter will trip out. If this happens, disconnect power, turn switch off, wait 30 seconds and then reconnect power.

NOTICE: IF THERE IS A POWER OUTAGE WHILE OPERATING THE LATHE, TURN THE SWITCH TO THE OFF POSITION, DISCONNECT POWER SOURCE, WAIT 30 SECONDS THEN RECONNECT POWER SOURCE AND RESUME NORMAL OPERATION.

Inverter Drive System

The model 4224 lathe utilizes the latest technology in A.C. inverter drives to provide infinitely variable spindle speeds. The inverter controls the speed of the motor by varing the frequency of the voltage supplied to the motor. The inverter provides an acceleration 8

ramp that eliminates the shock of normal across the line starting. Also a braking feature eliminates long coasting periods when the lathe is turned off.

The 3 HP motor is specially designed for use with inverter drives, and is balanced to reduce noise and minimize vibration. The A.C. Inverter does not require any programming, it is pre-programmed from the factory. The buttons

on the face of the inverter should never be pushed at any time. Use only the controls on the front of the

headstock.

MAINTENANCE

Maintenance on the 4224 lathe should be performed at periodic intervals to ensure that the machine is in proper working order, that all fasteners are tight, and the machine is in adjustment. The more use the machine is subjected to, the more often it should be inspected and maintained. Inspection and maintenance should be performed at least twice a year.

WARNING: To prevent accidental starting or

electrical shock, disconnect machine from

power source before performing any maintenance.

Periodic cleaning of the lathe is important to keep the lathe in proper working order. The lathe bed should be cleaned and oiled periodically so that headstock, tailstock, and tool support will slide properly. With air hose periodically blow out headstock to keep saw dust and chips from collecting on belt and sheaves, and blow off dust and chips that collect on inverter (DO NOT DISASSEMBLE INVERTER TO CLEAN).

ADJUSTMENTS

Belt Adjustment

The drive belt sheaves are initally aligned at the factory, but if any service is performed that affects their alignment it is very important that they be realigned. To realign them, loosen the two set screws on the spindle sheave and slide it in the proper position. Use of a straight edge along the edge of both sheaves will simplify the positioning. When properly aligned, there should be no pulsing sounds or noise coming from the belt.

Tool Support

The tool support (shown in Figure 5), is designed to allow adjustment for height, position on the bed, and angle to the work. Your 4224 lathe comes standard with the 14" tool support. Other supports are available; consult the "Optional Equipment" list on page 24. Periodically the tool rest should be disassembled and the parts cleaned and oiled to provide free movement of the parts to ensure good clamp action.

Spindle

The spindle bearing preload is set at the factory for general turning applications. There should be no "end play" of spindle looseness along its axis. If any looseness ever occurs it may be removed by tightening the bearing lock nut on the left end of the spindle. Be very careful not to overtighten the lock nut or the spindle bearings will overheat. It should be tightened just enough to remove the end play and the spindle should rotate very freely.

Speed Range Adjustment To provide the maximum horsepower to the spindle at the very slow speeds, set the drive belt in the low range.

TABLE 1: WOOD TURNING LATHE SPEEDS

DIAMETER OF WORK ROUGHING RPM

To change speed ranges, open the access door in front of the headstock, loosen the pivot lock handle located in the motor tension slot, raise the motor up by lifting up on the motor plate handle and relock the lock handle to hold the motor up. There should be sufficient slack in the belt to reposition it to the other step. Loosen the tension lock handle and lower the motor to tension the belt. Do not overtension; a very light pressure on the motor plate handle is adequate to prevent belt slippage.

GENERAL CUTTING

RPM

FINISHING RPM

Under 2" 1520 3000 3000

2 to 4" 760 1600 2480

4 to 6" 510 1080 1650

6 to 8" 380 810 1240

8 to 10" 300 650 1000

10 to 12" 255 540 830

12 to 14" 220 460 710

14 to 16" 190 400 620

16" to 20" 175 325 500

20" to 24" 175 260 400

+ 19 hidden pages