PerkinElmer WIZARD User manual

WIZARD Automatic Gamma Counters

Superior performance

for every gamma counting need

1470 WIZARD Robotic Sample Changer System

Well-type detectors and advanced robotics

deliver superior counting performance.

1470 WIZARD counters are designed with a unique sample
changer system that enables lift of samples to well-type
detectors from a conveyor, which remains hidden behind
the detector lead shielding. The result is no crosstalk from
samples on the conveyor — the key to superior counting
performance. Well-type NaI (Tl) crystals collect signal
from all around the sample, rather than just from the
sides, providing the best counting efficiency possible.

The WIZARD’s well-type detector
with 4π detector geometry means
that pulses are not lost through
the bottoms of the tubes.

The robotic arm consists of three solid elements which move the
sample holders from a rack to the detectors and simultaneously change
the single-row alignment to the 3 x 4 arrangement of the detectors.

WIZARD®Automatic Gamma Counters are designed for superior counting performance with all types

of samples and for every gamma counting application. Unique well-type detectors and sample changer

system, advanced robotics, and highly effective lead shielding result in high counting efficiency, constant

background and minimal crosstalk.

In short, WIZARD delivers counting performance unachievable by any other gamma counters.

The robotic arm moves the samples from the rack to

the detector array as a single movement.

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The WIZARD difference

is in the design

Effective lead shielding means constant

background and minimal crosstalk.

In a universal gamma counter, the lead shielding around
the detector is another important factor in determining the
performance of the instrument. WIZARD counters have no
open elevator passages through which interfering radiation
can pass to the detector. 1480 WIZARD has 75 mm and each
detector in 1470 WIZARD has 30 mm of solid lead against
the samples in the conveyor. As a result, WIZARD counters
surpass all others in background and crosstalk reduction.

WIZARD counters feature tools and technology

to optimize your gamma counting.

• Multichannel analyzer (MCA) technology— WIZARD
incorporates a high resolution 1024-channel multichannel
analyzer dedicated to each detector.

• Flexible counting volumes—WIZARD’s 10-position
racks accept a wide range of RIA tubes up to 13 mm in
diameter. Additionally, the 1480 WIZARD allows vials
up to 28 mm diameter in its 5-position rack. A wide
range of centrifuges tubes is also applicable.

• Built-in RIACalc WIZ data reduction and quality
assurance program—makes WIZARD a complete,
stand alone RIA counter.

• Compatibility with MultiCalc

®

data management

program—with this system WIZARD forms part of

the laboratory data system.

• Easy GLP compliance —WIZARD monitors nine
detector parameters and provides their documentation
automatically.

• EASY ‘STAT’ counting — process STAT samples without
touching the racks in the conveyor.

• No volume adjustments — the long well-type detector
construction eliminates the need for separate volume
adjustment procedures.

• Samples in separate carriers — the easy to replace
carriers are the only parts of the instrument which come
into contact with samples. This eliminates a common
source of detector contamination in other counters,
sample spillage.

• No contamination hazard— counterweights, a feature
of older counters with through-hole detectors, are not
needed, moving another important source of potential
contamination.

MultiCalc is the definitive immunoassay software package. It not only
supports gamma counting, but all other technologies too.

WIZARD’s racks accept all RIA tubes and vials.

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• Not susceptible to vial quality problems — with
WIZARD, all vials can be counted with the same high
reliability. Unlike ordinary counters, uneven bases and
other small irregularities in vial shape will not cause a jam
in the elevator system, making a service call necessary.

• Bar codes for protocols, multi-function and positive
rack ID —WIZARD uses a bar code system for both
counter control and sample ID. The ID clip has two
labels, one for protocol call-up; the other for rack
ID number or to call up special functions.

The patented robotic sample changer system handles all types of racks which may be in any order on the conveyor. Whether you need high
capacity (the two images at left) or large volume (the two images at right), WIZARD best meets your needs.

1480 WIZARD Robotic Sample Changer System

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• Choice of models—available with 1, 2, 5 or 10 detectors
and capacities of 550 or 1,000 samples.

• Upgradeable—1, 2 and 5 detectors models can be easily
updated to add additional detectors for higher through­put. Software upgrades can be made simply by changing
a 3.5" disk.

• Compact footprint—the 550-sample WIZARD is
the smallest automatic 10-detector gamma counter
available. Its 65 x 77 cm

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footprint will help you make

the most of your lab space.

• Counts manually too —WIZARD can be converted into
a manual multidetector counter with a single command.
In manual mode, sample volumes up to 5 mL, such
as LSC minivials, can be measured or flow cell deter­minations made.

• For all laboratory gamma work — with an energy range
up to 900 keV and a powerful set of software, WIZARD
gives you error-free results from a wide range of applica­tions, including all RIA and IRMA tests, screening
assays, etc.

• Ideal for chromium release studies — no crosstalk from
samples on the conveyor means that the WIZARD is
ideal for working with higher energy isotopes such as
Chromium-51. With WIZARD, the crosstalk figures for
chromium are two orders of magnitude better than in
conventional multidetector counters employing through­hole detectors. The 1470 WIZARD, with its unprece­dented low crosstalk figures and 10 detectors makes
an ideal counter for chromium release studies.

In 5- and 10-detector models, a special tray
for manual loading of samples is supplied.

A WIZARD counter for every gamma

There is a WIZARD model to
fit every gamma counting
application. Choose the
WIZARD counter that
best meets your needs.

1470 WIZARD is available in 1,000
and 550 sample (right) versions.

1470 WIZARD — for basic research and routine counting applications

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• One model for all special application needs —1,000­and 270-sample capacity of 13 mm and 28 mm vial
diameters, respectively.

• Excellent background reduction — specially configured
lead shielding together with the unique sample changer
design leads to virtual elimination of crosstalk from
samples on the conveyer. The 1480 WIZARD 3" is the
leading gamma counter in terms of background and
crosstalk reduction.

• High efficiency, 3" well-type detector — even more
efficient counting, higher energies, and multilabel
counting capabilities.

• Ideal for high energy or low activity samples — with its
high efficiency, detector, and the ability to count sample
volumes up to 20 mL, the 1480 WIZARD 3" is particularly
suitable for high energy gamma emitters, low activity
samples, environmental samples, or Shilling testing, etc.

• No limits in microsphere studies — count results are
provided in multiple windows and the spectra are
broken down to obtain the true activities. Counts in
the multiple windows are “unfolded” using a matrix
method. Data are corrected for background, dead time
and half life as well. Superior shielding allows the use
of high energy labels, such as

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Sc, without interference

from samples on the conveyor.

1480 WIZARD 3"— for more sophisticated research applications

1480 WIZARD 3"

counting need

Emitted positron soon collides with
an electron in tissue and two 511
keV gamma photons are emitted in
opposite directions. The decay site
is then calculated from several
photon tracks. Axial movement of
the subject allows its “slicing” and
3D imaging of its metabolic activity.
More PET instruments are being
employed after introduction of
planar SPECT (single-photon
emission computed tomography)
and curved plate (CPET) scanners.

The ideal solution

for automatic monitoring of arterial samples in PET

The 1480 WIZARD 3" is the optimal counter for evaluating
PET studies. The WIZARD’s excellent shielding is essential
to assure the integrity of results. (75 mm thick lead shield­ing is a minimum requirement for the necessary attenua­tion of external radiation.) While the lead thickness itself is
important, the shape of the shielding is even more important.

Openings in the shielding easily break the protection,
resulting in crosstalk hundreds of times larger than is
acceptable. In the 1480 WIZARD the shield is molded
under as well as all around the sample to provide even,
reliable crosstalk elimination.

In Nuclear Medicine, gamma-emitting radiopharmaceuticals are used for diagnostic studies and therapy.

Careful quantification of the dose is vital to balance the minimum possible exposure to the patient with

the maximum possible therapeutic dose to the target organ. However, a subject may still be exposed to

an activity up to a billion Becquerel. In such a situation, minimizing crosstalk is essential in order to obtain

useful results. (Even crosstalk as low as one to one million (0.0001%), can result in an additional back-

ground of 60,000 DPM, making the data useless.)

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Dynamic normalization adjusts windows each time it measures a sample.

Direct real gamma counting power

onto your most demanding applications

High resolution MCA technology

Each individual detector has its own 1024-channel multi­channel analyzer. Compare this with the 256-channel MCA
normally used in multi-detector gamma counters and you’ve
got four times the resolution! This make results more
accurate, especially in dual label counting.

Automatic normalization

All corrections (such as spillover, background, and efficiency)
are calculated and accomplished automatically by a
normalization cassette for each defined isotope. Results

are automatically corrected for decay either to any date
and time or to the start of the assay. Whether a nuclide is
used as a single or a dual label, you only have to normalize
once. In dual label counting different zero-times can be
supplied for different isotopes.

Library-directed Dynamic Normalization

WIZARD counters employ Dynamic Normalization to
eliminate the effects of detector imbalance. This also takes
care of drift in the performance of detectors, which may be
caused by aging or environmental instability.

Smoothing and peak finding. Noise is
removed by digital filtering and the peak
position is determined.

The initial peak position, optimum window
coverage etc. are stored in an isotope library.
They are “fine tuned” during normalization.

Peak comparison. The peak position is
compared with that determined during
normalization and the window position is
adjusted by the deviation factor.

Counts for calculation. All pulses falling
within the adjusted window are used for
further calculations.

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Controls and settings —

always accessible and ready when you need them

Built-in isotope

library.

Instrument control with clear built-in

LCD display

Instrument control is via an interactive video display unit
situated ergonomically immediately above the keyboard.
There are no loose screens attached. For set up there is an
IBM AT-type keyboard, located in a separate compartment.

Built-in isotope library

With the built in isotope library, you don’t have to worry
about window settings and half-lives. Simply call the
isotope by name and WIZARD makes all necessary settings,
automatically and in such a way that optimum counting
conditions are achieved.

Samples always visible to user

With WIZARD, samples are never out of your sight, not
even during counting. All parts of the counter are very easy
to access and cleaning couldn’t be easier.

Live spectrum display

Select and view the counting spectrum of any detector on
the VDU. Zooming is available to get an enlarged view of
the whole 1024-channel MCA, calibrated as 1 keV/channel.

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Instrument performance

assessment helps in GLP

Our contribution to GLP

PerkinElmer offers some GLP features to help you in
routine quality control tasks. WIZARD assures the
reliability of results in several ways:

• WIZARD’s auto-diagnosing feature inspects the isotope
spectrum each time a sample is measured. It immediately
warns of any condition changing the response from the
expected.

• WIZARD’s EASY GLP allows automatic monitoring of
a number of parameters of each detector and provides
documentation on the parameters relating to instrument
performance.

• RIACalc WIZ provides a large variety of QC tools,
such as control plots and precision profiles.

WIZARD picks up any error before you do in the follow­ing ways:

1. Detector energy resolution, most reliable measurement

of detector condition. Resolution for a given isotope
depends essentially on the light production and collec­tion efficiency. The more light photons produced, the
less statistical variation there is and the better the energy
resolution is. By monitoring this parameter detector
failure can be predicted long before it actually happens.

2. Background. GLP regulations require background to be
recorded because an elevated value indicates that the
instrument is contaminated. This is a common failing in
other counters where the sample tube comes into direct
contact with the sample changer mechanism or a detec­tor. In WIZARD counters the risk of contamination is
eliminated by the protective holder system.

3. Absolute detector efficiency, determined for

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I using
the coincidence method. The method does not require
calibrated sources (having a known DPM value).

4. Detector stability probability (Chi-squared test), which
compares the observed standard deviation with the
theoretical one and provides a probability index to
show how well these compare.

5. Calibration, which follows peak position of the isotope.
Because counting windows are adjusted according to
this, the calibration drift does not indicate error in itself;
rather it indicates the wear of the PMT. If the calibration
becomes excessive the PMT gain must be adjusted.

6. Relative detector efficiency, e.g. normalization.

7. CPM values in a given window.

8. CPM values in total energy range.

9. Window settings if dynamic window setting is used.

Auto diagnosing checks the spectrum of every
sample measured.

Fast, single button RIACalc WIZ

speeds routine calculations and QC

• Includes complete range of assays — all normal
RIA/IRMA assays and screening programs are included
such as hepatitis screening, RAST, Renin, T

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uptake,
dual label Shilling test, bound/free calculations and
chromium release studies.

• Supports wide selection of response programs—
includes linear, quadratic or cubic regressions, and
weighted or unweighted, manual or automatic spline
functions.

• Stores complete quality control information automati-
cally —used to compare the quality of each individual
assay run. Up to 6 levels of controls in 50 assays and 12
parameters in 125 assays can be stored. You can follow
these as graphical Shewart/Levy-Jennings or Cumulative
Sum (CUSUM) charts.

• Plot precision profile and RER (response error relation-
ship) curves — indicate assay precision (%CV of the
concentration versus the concentration) in different
concentration areas. Quality control rules can be used
to detect out of control situations automatically.

• Plot population histograms—population plot of
unknown samples helps to recognize the samples
outside the normal population or to establish normal
ranges in certain demographic areas.

• Final results —user-formatted results can be printed out
or saved into a data logger. From the data logger they can
be sent to another computer, automatically online.

WIZARD is designed to be simple to use in your daily operations. After your protocols are initially set up,

all that’s left to do is to load your samples onto the conveyor and press the START button. With RIACalc

WIZ, results are calculated and QC files updated automatically.

• Printer for hard copy record of counting data

• Data logger for storage of counting data prior to further processing

• System PC for storage, further processing and application programs

• External PC or mainframe for storage, further processing and integration
with laboratory data system

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Advanced MultiCalc

®

software

meets special data management requirements

Supports all evaluation programs.

MultiCalc supports all response programs and fitting
techniques, including five parametric logistic fit, cubic
regression and automatic spline. It can perform all
RIA/IRMA and related gamma procedures, either single
or dual label, as well as receptor assays, fraction plots
or assays where each unknown has its own curve to
be calculated.

MultiCalc PC network.

Form an independent network of two to five counters
connected to one MultiCalc PC. Several workstations
running MultiCalc can also be connected to a PC server to
join a larger local area network. Dedicated data files, such
as QC files, may reside in the server and be accessed by
one or several workstations. A MultiCalc PC network
provides a secure and easy method of working with data.

Automatically communicates with

mainframe computers.

MultiCalc can, for example, receive worklists from another
computer, add the results to the list and send them back,
either directly or with manual acceptance. The communi­cation can take place automatically after each completed
assay batch.

MultiCalc features total programmability.

All program settings can be changed to fully comply
with your needs.

• Programmable output—new output formats can be
made and connected with a full set of arithmetical,
logical, statistical or conditional operators.

• Programmable transformations —freely modify preset
transformations to standard curves with a comprehen­sive set of commands.

• Programmable input — freely modify input data before
further processing.

• Programmable QC rules —write your own quality rules
to detect out of control situations using MultiCalc’s
special application language. Factory settings are
Westgard Multi-Rule for concentrations.

• Programmable population plot — plots any result field,
normal or user-specified, as a histogram. Dual plots are
also possible. Factory settings are concentration values
in patient samples.

• Programmable worklist — calculate each individual
patient result according to patient-dependent data such
as age, sex, weight or sample volume employing a unique
worklist concept.

• Precision profiles with overlays — plot the response-error
relationship to follow the dependence of measured
response and its error, both counting and total error.
Precision profiles follow dependence of %CV and
concentration, both counting and total error.
Overlaying and adding are possible.

• Ready for integration into any laboratory data system —
WIZARD gives you total freedom in the selection, evalua­tion and transfer of data. The RIA evaluation can take
place internally, or in the external PC. Data can be sent to
a serial or parallel printer or PC or you can use the built­in data logger to accumulate data without needing any
external device.

MultiCalc is a software package for external PC’s, suitable for labs doing immunological and other labeled

assays. MultiCalc works with gamma counters and other instrumentation as well, such as liquid scintillation

analyzers, fluorometers, and luminometers.

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Ordering Information

Get superior performance for every

gamma counting need.

For more information about the WIZARD Automatic
Gamma Counters, call [phone]. To locate your
local sales office, visit www.perkinelmer.com/lasoffices.

Instruments (CPM models)

Model Detectors Sample Capacity

1470 WIZARD 1470-001 1 550

1470-002 2 550

1470-005 5 550

1470-010 10 550

1470-011 1 1,000

1470-012 2 1,000

1470-015 5 1,000

1470-020 10 1,000

1480 WIZARD 3" 1480-011 1 1,000

Options

1221-244 UltroTerm III Terminal Emulator Software for MS-DOS

1224-310 MultiCalc Advanced Data Management Software (Requires an external PC. See Order Guide.)

2011-0030 Laser Printer B/W 230 V

2011-0040 Laser Printer B/W 110 V

1409-208 Floor Stand

IBC w/ pocket &

business card slits

For a complete listing of our global offices, visit www.perkinelmer.com/lasoffices

©2005 PerkinElmer, Inc. All rights reserved. The PerkinElmer logo and design are registered trademarks of PerkinElmer, Inc. are trademarks and WIZARD and MultiCalc are registered trademarks
of PerkinElmer, Inc. or its subsidiaries, in the United States and other countries. All other trademarks not owned by PerkinElmer, Inc. or its subsidiaries that are depicted herein are the property of
their respective owners. PerkinElmer reserves the right to change this document at any time without notice and disclaims liability for editorial, pictorial or typographical errors.

007204_02 Printed in USA

PerkinElmer Life and
Analytical Sciences

710 Bridgeport Avenue
Shelton, CT 06484-4794 USA
Phone: [phone] or
([phone]

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